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Journal articles on the topic 'Tagalog'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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1

Wang, Ting, Junchang Li, Yumei Jiang, Jing Zhang, Yongjing Ni, Peipei Zhang, Ziping Yao, et al. "Wheat gibberellin oxidase genes and their functions in regulating tillering." PeerJ 11 (September 1, 2023): e15924. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15924.

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Multiple genetic factors control tillering, a key agronomy trait for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield. Previously, we reported a dwarf-monoculm mutant (dmc) derived from wheat cultivar Guomai 301, and found that the contents of gibberellic acid 3 (GA3) in the tiller primordia of dmc were significantly higher. Transcriptome analysis indicated that some wheat gibberellin oxidase (TaGAox) genes TaGA20ox-A2, TaGA20ox-B2, TaGA3ox-A2, TaGA20ox-A4, TaGA2ox-A10 and TaGA2ox-B10 were differentially expressed in dmc. Therefore, this study systematically analyzed the roles of gibberellin oxidase genes during wheat tillering. A total of 63 TaGAox genes were identified by whole genome analysis. The TaGAoxs were clustered to four subfamilies, GA20oxs, GA2oxs, GA3oxs and GA7oxs, including seven subgroups based on their protein structures. The promoter regions of TaGAox genes contain a large number of cis-acting elements closely related to hormone, plant growth and development, light, and abiotic stress responses. Segmental duplication events played a major role in TaGAoxs expansion. Compared to Arabidopsis, the gene collinearity degrees of the GAoxs were significantly higher among wheat, rice and maize. TaGAox genes showed tissue-specific expression patterns. The expressions of TaGAox genes (TaGA20ox-B2, TaGA7ox-A1, TaGA2ox10 and TaGA3ox-A2) were significantly affected by exogenous GA3 applications, which also significantly promoted tillering of Guomai 301, but didn’t promote dmc. TaGA7ox-A1 overexpression transgenic wheat lines were obtained by Agrobacterium mediated transformation. Genomic PCR and first-generation sequencing demonstrated that the gene was integrated into the wheat genome. Association analysis of TaGA7ox-A1 expression level and tiller number per plant demonstrated that the tillering capacities of some TaGA7ox-A1 transgenic lines were increased. These data demonstrated that some TaGAoxs as well as GA signaling were involved in regulating wheat tillering, but the GA signaling pathway was disturbed in dmc. This study provided valuable clues for functional characterization of GAox genes in wheat.

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2

Jacobo, J. Pilapil, and Eileen Legaspi-Ramirez. "Tagalog/Filipino." Southeast of Now: Directions in Contemporary and Modern Art in Asia 2, no. 2 (2018): 101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sen.2018.0022.

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3

Gil, David. "Tagalog Semantics." Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society 19, no. 1 (June 25, 1993): 390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/bls.v19i1.1522.

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4

Martin, J. R. "Logical meaning, interdependency and the linking particle {na/-ng} in Tagalog." Functions of Language 2, no. 2 (January 1, 1995): 189–228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/fol.2.2.04mar.

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In this paper the linking particle {nal-ng} in Tagalog is interpreted from the perspective of systemic functional linguistics. It is suggested that Tagalog's deployment of this particle to depend one unit on another across a range of grammatical environments argues for a grammatical theory in which constituency and interdependency are seen as complementary structuring principles, reflecting the experiential and logical subcomponents of Halliday's ideational meta-function. In addition, the challenge posed by Tagalog's apparently interpersonal deployments of the linking particle is addressed.

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5

Guinto, Nicanor. "The place/s of Tagalog in Hong Kong’s Central district." Linguistic Landscape. An international journal 5, no. 2 (July 22, 2019): 160–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ll.18024.gui.

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Abstract The Central district is the government, financial, and business center of Hong Kong. Yet, on Sundays, it turns temporarily into a space densely occupied by migrant domestic workers from the Philippines. It is then that Tagalog emerges as a valuable linguistic resource in the center of Hong Kong, primarily as it is used on commercial signage as well as by speakers of other languages who see the presence of Filipinos – predominantly female domestic workers – as a business opportunity. Other signs in central Hong Kong that include Tagalog are regulatory, indexing the same Filipinos as low status domestic workers. Using the key concepts of sociolinguistic scales (Blommaert, 2007) and center-periphery dynamics (Pietikäinen & Kelly-Holmes, 2013), I analyze the underlying forces relevant to Tagalog’s (and hence its speakers) symbolic centering and peripheralization in Hong Kong’s semiotic landscape.

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6

Woods, Damon. "Baybayin Revisited." Philippiniana Sacra 47, no. 139 (2012): 67–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.55997/ps1005xlvii139a4.

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While many know that baybayin (not alibata) was the system of writing prevalent at the time of the Spanish intrusion, certain misconceptions have remained about baybayin. Some have insisted it was of a useless design being more appropriately thought of as a toy. Others have suggested that only a few within Tagalog society could in fact use this technology. Though unspoken, there is also the belief that baybayin had no place in the Spanish Philippines. Above all is the assumption that baybayin “disappeared” shortly after the Spaniards arrived. By examining indigenous language documents (in this case, documents written in Tagalog by Tagalogs) this essay challenges these misconceptions. Documents written in baybayin by a variety of individuals certainly repudiate the claim that the system was of useless design. And the fact that these documents were used in both Spanish ecclesiastical and civil settings, refutes the view that baybayin had no place in that world. In retracing the work of Fr. Alberto Santamaria and examining documents in the archives of the University of Santo Tomas, this paper proposes that baybayin did not disappear at all.

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7

Barrios, Aireen, and Rowena Garcia. "Filipino Children’s Acquisition of Nominal and Verbal Markers in L1 and L2 Tagalog." Languages 8, no. 3 (August 8, 2023): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages8030188.

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Western Austronesian languages, like Tagalog, have unique, complex voice systems that require the correct combinations of verbal and nominal markers, raising many questions about their learnability. In this article, we review the experimental and observational studies on both the L1 and L2 acquisition of Tagalog. The reviewed studies reveal error patterns that reflect the complex nature of the Tagalog voice system. The main goal of the article is to present a full picture of commission errors in young Filipino children’s expression of causation and agency in Tagalog by describing patterns of nominal marking and voice marking in L1 Tagalog and L2 Tagalog. It also aims to provide an overview of existing research, as well as characterize research on nominal and verbal acquisition, specifically in terms of research problems, data sources, and methodology. Additionally, we discuss the research gaps in at least fifty years’ worth of studies in the area from the 1960’s to the present, as well as ideas for future research to advance the state of the art.

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8

Potet, Jean-Paul G. "Tagalog Monosyllabic Roots." Oceanic Linguistics 34, no. 2 (December 1995): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3623048.

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9

Martin, J. R., and Priscilla Cruz. "Interpersonal grammar of Tagalog." Interpersonal Meaning 25, no. 1 (August 10, 2018): 54–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/fol.17016.mar.

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Abstract In this paper the interpersonal grammar of Tagalog is explored from the perspective of Systemic Functional Linguistics. Following a brief metafunctional profile of Tagalog grammar, a framework for interpreting the discourse function of Tagalog clauses is introduced – exchange structure. Subsequently the systems of mood, polarity, modality, tagging, vocation, comment and engagement are considered, alongside their realisation in tone, clause structure and lexical selection. The role played by these interpersonal systems and structure is then illustrated through a brief sample of Tagalog discourse. The paper demonstrates the manner in which a paradigmatic perspective can be used to integrate the description of grammatical resources typically fragmented and marginalised in syntagmatically organised descriptions.

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10

Tappy, Yunita Peggy. "EXPERIENCE ON NURSE-PATIENT INTERACTION WITH FILIPINO CLIENTS AMONG NON-TAGALOG SPEAKING BSN STUDENTS." Abstract Proceedings International Scholars Conference 7, no. 1 (December 18, 2019): 155–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.35974/isc.v7i1.937.

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Introduction: Philippines have experienced an increase of international students in various programmes especially in nursing program and medical program. This programs required students to have clinical exposure where the students are expected to have good interaction with the patient. The aim of this study is to explore the experience of non-Tagalog speaking nursing students on nurse-patient interaction with Filipino clients. Methods: A qualitative design was used in this study. A Semi structured interview also was used in this study. This study included seven main informants or non-Tagalog speaking nursing students (Emic) and six general informants or Filipino nursing students (etic) perceptions. The respondents were recruited randomly from one university in the Philippines. Data analysis was done by following psychological phenomenologist guidelines. Results: Several themes were established in this study: (i) translation of words which is a mean for patients and nurses to communicate their thoughts; (ii) the use of nonverbal (gestures, technology) to facilitate nurse-patient interaction; (iii) Importance of trust to confidence in giving care to patients; (iv) preference in giving care to English speaking patient, unsatisfied feeling when communicating with patient; (v) individual initiative in learning Tagalog which is a mean to help in communication preparation to Tagalog speaking patient; (vi) support from clinical instructor and Filipino friends are methods being used to help in communication; (vii) institutional support is one way to help the students in the preparation before clinical exposure. Discussion: For the non-Tagalog speaking nursing students, making friend with Filipino students is very helpful in supporting them and in dealing with the communication barrier. For the clinical instructors, to keep motivating and helping the students dealing with communication problem to help their students increase their self-confidence. Also, students’ evaluation in post conferences on nurse-patient interaction would be beneficial to the clinical instructor to gain knowledge on the experience of the students, especially to the non-Tagalog speaking students. For the learning institutions, it would be better for them to help their fellow non-Tagalog speaking students to increase their knowledge of the local language by giving Tagalog lessons specific for nurses, allowing the students to be familiar with the Tagalog words they might encounter in the clinical placement, and making them practice possible Tagalog conversations.

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11

Adricula, Norielle. "Examining voice choice in Tagalog: A corpus of web-based Tagalog." Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America 8, no. 1 (April 27, 2023): 5533. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/plsa.v8i1.5533.

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This study is a corpus-based analysis of web-based Tagalog (Austronesian) investigating how different prominence features influence voice in basic, declarative, transitive clauses. A large sample of these structures were extracted from a web-based corpus of Tagalog. The arguments were annotated for animacy, definiteness, and other factors proposed to influence voice choice. Preliminary results suggest that despite the morphosyntactic symmetry in voice alternations in the language, the Undergoer voice appears to be the preferred structure regardless of these factors in Tagalog. Moreover, there may be highly constrained contexts in which the Actor Voice is used when describing two-participant, transitive events. This work has implications for how we understand the notion of prominence more generally and how languages might have specific requirements for the mappings between different prominence hierarchies.

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12

Rackowski, Andrea, and Norvin Richards. "Phase Edge and Extraction: A Tagalog Case Study." Linguistic Inquiry 36, no. 4 (October 2005): 565–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/002438905774464368.

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In this article, we examine evidence for the phase theory of movement (Chomsky 2000, 2001) in the context of Tagalog, arguing in particular that Tagalog has overt morphology that signals movement of arguments to checkan EPP-feature on the head of the vP phase. We show that this morphology interacts with extraction in ways Chomsky's theory leads us to expect, and we develop a theory of the Tagalog facts that also accounts for the effects of Huang's (1982) Condition on Extraction Domain.

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13

Latrouite, Anja. "Specification predication: Unexpectedness and cleft constructions in Tagalog." Faits de Langues 52, no. 1 (July 23, 2021): 227–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19589514-05201011.

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Abstract English exhibits a large number of cleft constructions. Out of these constructions, the English it-cleft construction, which may express more than one information-structural packaging (Declerck 1988), is often taken to translate syntactically rather different constructions in other languages. In this paper, I will explore the morphosyntactic make-up and functional range of a construction in Tagalog that is often equated with, or translated by, but vastly more frequent, than the English it-cleft in our corpus. In a first step, the notion of cleft construction will be reviewed and critically investigated with respect to how appropriate it is for a language like Tagalog. In a second step, the discourse function of the ang-inversion construction in contrast to the English cleft constructions is explored on the basis of examples taken from the Tagalog version of the trilogy The Hunger Games Trilogy (Collins, 2008-2010; translated into Tagalog by Janis de los Reyes, 2012). A crucial goal is to gain a better understanding of those cases, in which the Tagalog ang-construction is used, but the English cleft construction is ruled out or at least dispreferred.

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14

Amora, Kathleen Kay, Rowena Garcia, and Natalia Gagarina. "Tagalog adaptation of the Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives: History, process and preliminary results." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 64 (August 31, 2020): 221–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.64.2020.577.

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This paper briefly presents the current situation of bilingualism in the Philippines, specifically that of Tagalog-English bilingualism. More importantly, it describes the process of adapting the Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives (LITMUS- MAIN) to Tagalog, the basis of Filipino, which is the country’s national language. Finally, the results of a pilot study conducted on Tagalog-English bilingual children and adults (N=27) are presented. The results showed that Story Structure is similar across the two languages and that it develops significantly with age.

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15

French, Koleen Matsuda. "Secondary Stress in Tagalog." Oceanic Linguistics 30, no. 2 (1991): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3623086.

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16

Potet, Jean-Paul. "Numeral expressions in Tagalog." Archipel 44, no. 1 (1992): 167–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/arch.1992.2860.

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17

Potet, Jean-Paul. "Semantics : transference in tagalog." Cahiers de linguistique - Asie orientale 17, no. 1 (1988): 67–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/clao.1988.1260.

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18

Potet, Jean Paul. "SEMANTICS TRANSFERENCE IN TAGALOG." Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale 17, no. 1 (March 30, 1988): 67–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19606028-90000354.

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We say "X gave Y to Z", but "X took Y from Z." What is marked by a change of prepositions in English is marked by a change of verbal affixes in Tagalog. This change of markers is triggered by the direction taken by Y between X and Z. This movement is deemed to be a universal semantic trait. It is proposed to call it "transference." Forward transference (FT) is that of verbs like "give", and backward transference (ВТ) that of verbs like "take." Transference is reversed in a few PA- verbs. Whether they be FT or ВТ, all factitive and causative verbs have the morphology of FT verbs. So have reciprocal verbs despite the fact that transference is neutralized in them. Transference pervades the entire clause nucleus (the verb and its actants). It is not activated in all languages. When so, it is surfaced either in the predicate verb (e.g. Tagalog), or in the preposition before the third actant (e.g. English).

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19

Nakamura, Masanori. "On raising in Tagalog." Lingua 110, no. 6 (June 2000): 391–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0024-3841(99)00049-2.

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20

Sabbagh, Joseph. "Existential sentences in Tagalog." Natural Language & Linguistic Theory 27, no. 4 (November 2009): 675–719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11049-009-9083-3.

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21

Klimenko, Sergei. "A corpus study of kasama ‘companion’ in Tagalog." Concentric. Studies in Linguistics 46, no. 2 (October 28, 2020): 240–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/consl.00019.kli.

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Abstract This paper presents a corpus-based study of a number of different types of previously undescribed constructions formed with the Tagalog noun kasama ‘companion’. Apart from independent and attributive uses, kasama frequently occurs as the predicate of an adjunct clause that can introduce a comitative participant, a semantically depictive secondary predicate, an event-oriented adjunct, or a predicative complement. The study analyses the frequency of kasama in all of these types of constructions and looks into their specific properties. This includes: the semantic distinction between additive and inclusory constructions with kasama; animacy agreement between arguments of kasama in additive constructions; variation in case marking of arguments of kasama; the preponderance of the absence of linkers – commonly known to introduce adverbial clauses in Tagalog – which are used to attach the kasama clause to the main clause; attested controllers of the kasama clause; positions available for the kasama clause in the sentence. Variation in case marking and compatibility with linkers suggests a classification of Tagalog adjunct clauses similar to that of Tagalog adverbials and prepositions. There is also some evidence to believe that kasama is being grammaticalized as a preposition. Comitative and semantically depictive constructions with kasama, which account for a quarter of the corpus sample, have never been studied before, despite the fact that Tagalog is included in several typological studies on comitative and depictive constructions.

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22

Samonte, Suttera, and Gregory Scontras. "Adjective ordering in Tagalog: A cross-linguistic comparison of subjectivity-based preferences." Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America 4, no. 1 (March 15, 2019): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/plsa.v4i1.4511.

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Previous studies have shown that speakers have robust adjective ordering preferences. For example, in English, big red apple is strongly preferred to red big apple. Recently, Scontras et al. (2017) showed that an adjective’s distance from the noun it modifies is best predicted by the adjective’s subjectivity, with less subjective adjectives preferred closer to the modified noun. However, this finding was limited to English. The current study investigates the status of subjectivity-based adjective ordering preference in Tagalog, a language that forms its modification structures with the conjunction-like LINKER particle. Using Tagalog translations of the original English materials, we show that subjectivity predicts ordering preferences in Tagalog, as it does in English.

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23

Hsieh, Henrison. "Observations on Tagalog Genitive Inversion." Oceanic Linguistics 62, no. 2 (December 2023): 242–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ol.2023.a913560.

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Abstract: Tagalog is a strongly head-initial language: arguments without special discourse status typically follow their lexical heads. However, genitive-marked pronominal arguments display a word order alternation where instead of following their lexical head, they may precede it. This alternation, which I refer to here as Genitive Inversion, has received comparatively little attention in the research on Tagalog, even though it is relatively commonplace. This paper offers a detailed description of the behavior of Genitive Inversion, showing what kinds of arguments it can apply to and what environments it can apply in. I show that this process raises questions about the basic properties of Tagalog and discuss directions for potential analyses and avenues for further research into this topic.

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24

Aldridge, Edith. "Antipassive and specificity in Tagalog." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 34 (January 1, 2003): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.34.2004.199.

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It is common knowledge in the field of Philippine linguistics that an ang-marked direct object in a non-actor focus clause must be definite or generic, while a ng-marked object in an actor focus clause typically receives a nonspecific interpretation. However, in contexts like wh-questions, the oblique object in an antipassive may be interpreted as specific, as noted by Schachter & Otanes (1972), Maclachlan & Nakamura (1997), Rackowski (2002), and others. […] In this paper, I propose to account for the specificity effects […] within the analysis of Tagalog syntax put forth by Aldridge (2004). I analyze Tagalog as an ergative language […]. Cross linguistically, antipassive oblique objects receive a nonspecific interpretation, while absolutives are definite or generic. I show in this paper how the Tagalog facts can be subsumed under a general account of ergativity.

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25

Wouk, Fay. "Transitivity in Batak and Tagalog." Studies in Language 10, no. 2 (January 1, 1986): 391–424. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.10.2.06wou.

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26

Aldridge, Edith. "Antipassive and ergativity in Tagalog." Lingua 122, no. 3 (February 2012): 192–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lingua.2011.10.012.

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27

SABBAGH, JOSEPH. "Specificity and objecthood in Tagalog." Journal of Linguistics 52, no. 3 (February 11, 2016): 639–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226716000025.

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The relationship between the semantic function of noun phrases and the way(s) in which they are realized morphosyntactically in a clause has been a topic of intensive research in the typological literature as well as for theories concerned with the syntax–semantics interface. Considering just noun phrases that function as direct objects, it has been shown for language after language that that there is a systematic relationship between the semantic function of an object (e.g. whether it is pronominal, definite, indefinite, etc.) and its morphosyntax (e.g. whether it requires special case marking, whether it triggers agreement, whether it exhibits special distribution in terms of word order, etc.). This paper aims to contribute to the already large body of evidence documenting the relationships between form and semantic function by providing a comprehensive survey of the morphosyntax of transitive constructions in Tagalog, focussing, specifically, on the relationship between the semantic function of the theme argument and the morphosyntactic strategies by which theme arguments are realized. Contrary to what previous studies have claimed, I show that specific noun phrases are attested as direct objects of active clause in Tagalog. An exception to this is pronoun and proper name themes, which must either be oblique marked to function as a direct object or be realized as a subject. Developing and expanding upon analyses in Rackowski (2002), I propose that the differential behavior of specific themes (pronoun/proper names on the one hand versus non-pronoun/proper name specific themes on the other) follows from a clausal architecture in which there are at least two VP-external positions to which specific themes must raise – a relatively high position for pronoun and proper name themes, and a position intermediate betweenvP and VP for all other specific themes. The distribution of syntactic positions available for the theme argument is claimed to follow from a proposal in Merchant (2006), pre-figured in Jelinek & Carnie (2003) and related work, that relational hierarchies of the type familiar from typological research – in particular, the definiteness hierarchy – are directly encoded in the phrase structure.

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28

Wade, Geoff. "On the Possible Cham Origin of the Philippine Scripts." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 24, no. 1 (March 1993): 44–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463400001508.

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I. The Philippine ScriptsIn 1593, there was printed in Manila a most remarkable xylographic (wood-block) book, comprising Juan de Plascenia's Doctrina Christiana in Spanish, romanized Tagalog and Tagalog script (see Fig. 1). While there is still some debate as to whether this was the first book to be published in the Philippines, there appears little doubt that it constitutes the earliest extant printed example of any Philippine script.

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29

Titi, Zhu, Su Jinzhi, and Lan Min. "A study on the development and evolution of mutual word borrowing between Hokkien and Tagalog." OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2023, no. 2-1 (February 1, 2023): 262–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202302statyi10.

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Hokkien and Tagalog have a long history of language contact, resulting in a large number of loanwords. This paper aims to provide an accurate and in-depth description of the phenomenon of mutual linguistic borrowing in Hokkien and Tagalog vocabularies. It also analyzes the characteristics of these loanwords in terms of semantic classes, borrowing methods, and vocabulary development and evolution, as well as the cultural and historical phenomena.

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Kang, Yoonjung, Sneha George, and Rachel Soo. "Cross-language Influence in the Stop Voicing Contrast in Heritage Tagalog." Heritage Language Journal 13, no. 2 (August 31, 2016): 184–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.46538/hlj.13.2.6.

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In heritage bilinguals’ sound structure, some aspects of the sound system are more prone to cross-language influence than others. In this study, we compare two different models of crosslanguage influence, a phonological markedness based model, which proposes that influence selectively affects a phonologically marked structure, and a phonetic category based model, where influence is mediated through cross-language equivalence classification of similar phones. The empirical data for the study comes from the production of the voicing contrast in English and Tagalog stops by heritage Tagalog speakers in Toronto. We compare the heritage speakers’ production with native control productions and also probe the effect of lexical stress in voicing realization as evidence for the underlying target structure of stop categories. The key empirical findings are that the heritage speakers produce their voiceless stops in both languages nearly native-like, including a native-like stress effect, but voiced stops exhibit considerable crosslanguage influence and assimilatory stress effects. We propose that the heritage speakers successfully establish separate phonetic categories for English and Tagalog voiceless stops, but form a partially merged category for English and Tagalog voiced stops. The findings provide partial support for the phonetic category based model of influence over the phonological markedness based model.

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Garcia, Rowena, Jeruen E. Dery, Jens Roeser, and Barbara Höhle. "Word order preferences of Tagalog-speaking adults and children." First Language 38, no. 6 (August 16, 2018): 617–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0142723718790317.

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This article investigates the word order preferences of Tagalog-speaking adults and five- and seven-year-old children. The participants were asked to complete sentences to describe pictures depicting actions between two animate entities. Adults preferred agent-initial constructions in the patient voice but not in the agent voice, while the children produced mainly agent-initial constructions regardless of voice. This agent-initial preference, despite the lack of a close link between the agent and the subject in Tagalog, shows that this word order preference is not merely syntactically-driven (subject-initial preference). Additionally, the children’s agent-initial preference in the agent voice, contrary to the adults’ lack of preference, shows that children do not respect the subject-last principle of ordering Tagalog full noun phrases. These results suggest that language-specific optional features like a subject-last principle take longer to be acquired.

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32

Jr, Pedro P. Raymunde. "Demystifying the Morphosyntactic Features of the Tagalog and English Languages: A Contrastive Analysis." East Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research 2, no. 11 (December 2, 2023): 4489–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.55927/eajmr.v2i11.6648.

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This study was conducted to analyze the morphological, syntactical, and morpho syntactical features of the Tagalog and English languages. This study employed a qualitative contrastive analysis research design. According to the findings, the two languages are made up of distinct morphological components: grammatical inflection is comprised of inherent inflections, pronoun and adjective inflections, and declensions; derivational affixation is comprised of verb conjugations; and grammatical markers are comprised of bound morphemes. When it comes to the syntactic patterns, Tagalog adheres to the predicate-initial pattern, also known as the V-S-O syntactic pattern, whereas English adheres to the S-V-O pattern. In contrast, in terms of morphosyntactic feature, the subject does not have a direct effect on the verb in Tagalog, whereas in English, the subject has a significant impact on the verb. Constructions using the active and passive voices are also different between the two.

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33

Klimenko, Sergei. "Criteria for establishing the inventory of semantic participants and voices in Tagalog." Studies in Language 43, no. 1 (June 12, 2019): 1–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.17056.kli.

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Abstract The number of different voice constructions is controversial in Philippine linguistics. There are two approaches to establishing the voice inventory: (1) based on the number of voice affixes; (2) based on semantics of constructions, using opaque definitions of roles without any formal basis. Tagalog data supports neither approach. Many verbal roots form voice paradigms of up to seven members. The ungroundedness in any formal properties in the second approach often leads to different sets of voices with significant subjective variation. This paper suggests employing formal criteria for establishing an exhaustive inventory of semantic roles and voices in Tagalog: (1) Distinct marking in non-subject position; (2) co-occurrence of voice forms in paradigms; (3) co-occurrence of participants in constructions; (4) existence of a co-referential voice form. 16 participants and 13 voices are established in Tagalog, using the suggested criteria, which also provide a possibility for creating a typology of Philippine voice inventories.

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Tanaka, Nozomi, William O’Grady, Kamil Deen, and Ivan Paul Bondoc. "An asymmetry in the acquisition of relative clauses: Evidence from Tagalog." First Language 39, no. 6 (July 3, 2019): 618–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0142723719859090.

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This article reports on the acquisition of relative clauses in Tagalog, the most widely spoken language in the Philippines. A distinctive feature of Tagalog is a unique system of voice that creates competing patterns, each with different possibilities for relativization. This study of children’s performance on agent and patient relative clauses in a comprehension task revealed an agent relative clause advantage. These findings cannot be explained by the voice preference in declarative clauses, but are compatible with an explanation based upon input frequency factors.

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Tharmar Nataraja Moorthy, Ivan Nikkimor Lao Dinglasa, and Myrtati Dyah Artaria. "Development of Formulae to Determine Living Stature using Handprint Anthropometry of Tagalog People in the Philippines." Folia Medica Indonesiana 59, no. 3 (September 10, 2023): 282–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/fmi.v59i3.47573.

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Highlights: 1. This is the first-ever anthropological study on Tagalog people in the Philippines that has established formulae for determining stature using handprint length measurements.2. This study has generated formulae that are applicable for personal identification purposes within real crime scenes. Abstract Forensic science plays a crucial role in the pursuit of justice, particularly through the identification of physical evidence found at crime scenes, such as human fingerprints and handprints. This study aimed to develop formulae for determining living stature using the handprint anthropometry of Tagalog people, an indigenous ethnic group in the Philippines. A total of 360 Tagalog volunteers, comprising 180 men and 180 women, were recruited. This study excluded subjects who had finger and hand-related diseases, injuries, or were under the age of 18. The materials used were a stadiometer for height measurement, a digital vernier caliper for handprint measurements, and a handprint kit to collect handprints. Five length measurements were collected for each handprint. The length measurement spanned the distance from the middle wrist crease to the tips of each of the five fingers. The data were analyzed statistically using regression analysis (p<0.05) in IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 26.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, N.Y., USA). The analysis results produced equations for determining stature using all the length measurements of the handprints. The study involved the calculation of correlation coefficients (r values) and standard deviations using the stature and handprint lengths of individuals of both genders. The results are presented in the form of tables and figures. The study concluded with the development of regression equations that may be utilized for determining stature based on various handprint length measurements of the Tagalog people. This study represents the first-ever anthropological study conducted on the Philippine Tagalog population within the scope of this research subject matter. The formulae can be applied to actual crime scenes for the purpose of personal identification.

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Alonso-Ovalle, Luis, and Henrison Hsieh. "Causes and Expectations: On the Interpretation of the Tagalog Ability/Involuntary Action Form." Semantics and Linguistic Theory 27 (October 23, 2017): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/salt.v27i0.4132.

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The Tagalog Ability / Involuntary Action (AIA) verbal form conveys apparently unrelated modal meanings: that an action was within what an agent could do or that it was beyond what an agent could control, for instance. Recent analyses for the Malagasy and St’át’imcets counterparts of this form propose that this morphology contributes circumstantial modality and conveys, roughly, that the event that it describes follows from a set of facts (Davis, Matthewson & Rullmann 2009; Paul, Ralalaoherivony & de Swart 2016). In Alonso-Ovalle & Hsieh forthcoming we discuss some challenges for extending this type of analysis to Tagalog. Here, we present an alternative proposal. We follow previous analyses in assuming that the AIA form projects its domain of possibilities from a set of facts, but depart from these analyses in proposing (i) that the modal component of the Tagalog AIA form is non-at-issue and (ii) that it conveys, via a presupposition, that, given the facts that the described event is assumed to causally depend on, this event was not expected.

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Almarinez, Billy Joel M., Alberto T. Barrion, Mario V. Navasero, Marcela M. Navasero, Bonifacio F. Cayabyab, Jose Santos R. Carandang, Jesusa C. Legaspi, Kozo Watanabe, and Divina M. Amalin. "Biological Control: A Major Component of the Pest Management Program for the Invasive Coconut Scale Insect, Aspidiotus rigidus Reyne, in the Philippines." Insects 11, no. 11 (October 30, 2020): 745. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11110745.

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The coconut scale insect, Aspidiotus rigidus Reyne, caused a major pest outbreak in coconut plantations and stands in the Southern Tagalog region of Luzon Island in the Philippines between 2010 and 2015. To determine if parasitism by Comperiella calauanica Barrion, Almarinez and Amalin, a native encyrtid, could have been a factor in the eventual management of the outbreak by 2015, we estimated and assessed its parasitization levels on A. rigidus colonies on field-collected samples from selected points in three provinces in the Southern Tagalog Region across three sampling periods. We observed that C. calauanica consistently occurred only in areas where A. rigidus populations occurred, with high parasitization levels in the Southern Tagalog sites from 2014 to 2015. Results of correlation and regression of total scale count against parasitized scale count suggest putative host density-dependent parasitism by C. calauanica in the field. A marked decrease in the abundance of A. rigidus was recorded concurrently with visually observable recovery of coconut trees from the third quarter of 2014 up to the second quarter of 2016. Similar results of significant reduction in A. rigidus populations concurrent with high percent parasitization by mass-reared and released C. calauanica were found in the Zamboanga Peninsula from 2018 to 2020. Our findings and observations altogether suggest that host-specific parasitization by C. calauanica effected biological control, which may have contributed to the eventual management of the A. rigidus outbreak in the Southern Tagalog Region, and also in the Zamboanga Peninsula where similar recovery of coconut trees were observed within a year after inoculative releases of C. calauanica.

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FORTIS, Jean-Michel. "Voix et relations spatiales en tagalog." Bulletin de la Société de Linguistique de Paris 98, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 455–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/bsl.98.1.503785.

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Fortis, Jean-Michel. "Noms, verbes et gérondifs en tagalog." Faits de Langues 30, no. 1 (2007): 217–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19589514-030-01-900000019.

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Fortis, Jean-Michel. "Voix et rôles thématiques en tagalog." Faits de Langues 23, no. 1 (2004): 231–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19589514-023-024-01-900000018.

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41

LaPolla, R. J. "Constituent Structure in a Tagalog Text." Language and Linguistics 15, no. 6 (October 1, 2014): 761–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1606822x14544619.

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42

Kierstead, Gregory Weiss. "Projective Content and the Tagalog Reportative." LSA Annual Meeting Extended Abstracts 3 (April 8, 2012): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/exabs.v0i0.595.

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In this talk, it will be shown that the Tagalog clitic daw is a reportative evidential. Further, it will be shown that certain utterances with daw have implications that project, although this possibility of projection is context-dependent. Due to these properties, these implications of utterances with daw do not fit into standardly assumed categories of meaning, and thus this evidence has important consequences for the study of the taxonomy of meaning.

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Bondoc, Ivan Paul, William O’Grady, Kamil Deen, and Nozomi Tanaka. "Agrammatism in Tagalog: voice and relativisation." Aphasiology 32, no. 5 (August 24, 2017): 598–617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02687038.2017.1366417.

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44

Klimenko, Sergei B. "Conjunctions, clisis, and topicalization in Tagalog." Acta Linguistica Petropolitana, no. 18-2 (2022): 61–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.30842/alp2306573718261117.

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Rafael, Vicente L. "Confession, Conversion, and Reciprocity in Early Tagalog Colonial Society." Comparative Studies in Society and History 29, no. 2 (April 1987): 320–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417500014535.

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If one were a Tagalog convert to Christianity in the seventeenth or early eighteenth century, one would have probably been compelled to go to confession at least once a year. Confronting the Spanish priest, one would be subjected to his anxious probing in the vernacular as he proceeded through a checklist of possible transgressions against each of the Ten Commandments. Such checklists in the local language, called confessionarios, were common throughout the colonial period. Compiled by missionaries skilled in the Tagalog, they were designed to serve as mnemonic devices to aid Spanish clerics in eliciting the confessions of their native flock.

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Collins, James N. "Reasoning about definiteness in a language without articles." Semantics and Linguistic Theory 26 (October 15, 2016): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/salt.v26i0.3821.

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Most theories of implicature make reference to a notion of alternatives. Interlocutors reason about what the speaker could have said. In this paper, I investigate the structure of these alternatives. In particular, I ask how these alternative utterances are constrained by the interlocutors' grammar. I argue that in order to derive certain implicatures, alternative utterances must be analyzed like actual utterances, as fully compositional structures appropriately generated by the grammar. The data supporting this position come from implicatures generated by indefinite bare noun phrases in Tagalog. I show that Tagalog indefinites give rise to non-uniqueness implicatures via competition with definites, as in English. However, unlike English, definite and indefinite interpretations of Tagalog NPs are not signalled by dedicated articles, but by verbal affixes. Therefore, in order to generate the observed implicatures, pragmatic competition must take into consideration the NP's broader syntactic context. Supporting the view that implicature calculation is sensitive to the morphosyntactic structure of alternative utterances, I show that in cases where the alternative is not grammatically well-formed, the implicature does not arise. These data provide evidence that only grammatically well-formed structures are able to enter into pragmatic competition.

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KyungAnSong and 이은하. "On Typological Issues of the Tagalog Language." Linguistic Association of Korea Journal 26, no. 4 (December 2018): 177–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.24303/lakdoi.2018.26.4.177.

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Richards, Norvin. "Some notes on Tagalog prosody and scrambling." Glossa: a journal of general linguistics 2, no. 1 (March 24, 2017): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/gjgl.252.

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Aldridge, Edith. "Remnant Movement in Tagalog Relative Clause Formation." Linguistic Inquiry 34, no. 4 (October 2003): 631–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/002438903322520179.

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Sabbagh, Joseph. "Right Node Raising and Extraction in Tagalog." Linguistic Inquiry 39, no. 3 (July 2008): 502–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/ling.2008.39.3.502.

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