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Journal articles on the topic 'Taiga plants'
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1
Kupiyanov, Oleg, Andrey Kupiyanov, and Baurjan Turalin. "Degree of naturalization of non-native plants on dumps." BIO Web of Conferences 31 (2021): 00014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20213100014.
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The presence of non-native plants on dumps in Kuzbass was studied. 26 plants included in the Black Book of Flora of Siberia were identified: Acer negundo, Amoria hybrida, Atriplex sagittata, Conium maculatum, Conyza canadensis, Echinochloa crusgalli, Echinocystis lobata, Echium vulgare, Elaeagnus angustifolia, Epilobium adenocaulon, Hordeum jubatum, Impatiens glandulifera, Lactuca serriola, Lepidium densiflorum, Lepidotheca suaveolens, Lupinus polyphyllus, Malus baccata, Medicago sativa, Melilotus officinalis, Oenothera villosa, Pastinaca sativa, Plantago lanceolata, Senecio vulgaris, Solidago сanadensis, Tripleurospermum inodorum, Ulmus pumila. Non-native plants occur at all stages of syngenesis and are of great importance in the formation of the vegetation on dumps. Colonophytes-agriophytes and epecophytes have a high degree of naturalization: Amoria hybrida (mountain taiga subbelt), Epilobium adenocaulon, Medicago sativa, Melilotus officinalis, Oenothera villosa (mountain taiga subbelt), Pastinaca sativa, Tripleurospermum inodorum, Ulmus pumila (southern forest-steppe subzone).
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Echishvili, E. E., and N. V. Portnyagina. "Raw materials of Hypericum perforatum L. of different geographical origin in the conditions of introduction." Bulletin of the State Nikitsky Botanical Gardens, no. 139 (August 11, 2021): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.36305/0513-1634-2021-139-117-124.
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The results of studying the growth, development and formation of the raw phytomass of Hypericum perforatum plants of different geographic origin during the introduction in the middle taiga subzone of the Komi Republic are presented. Seven samples of Hypericum perforatum were examined, including two cultivars: Zolotodolinsky and Solnechny. A sample (Tallinn No. 885) was identified, which differed in earlier dates of the onset of phenological phases. Hypericum perforatum plants under culture conditions in the middle taiga subzone of the Komi Republic are characterized by a stable developmental rhythm. It has been determined that the number of generative shoots in Hypericum perforatum increases with age. So, in two-year-old plants this indicator was 3-4, in four-year-old plants - 18-26 pcs. per individual. It has been established that from the second year of life, with the seedling method of growing, Hypericum perforatum plants are able to form high yields of medicinal raw materials. As a result of an assessment of the productivity of samples of cultivar Solnechny and sample from Barnaul.
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Rayko, Mikhail, Sophie Sokornova, and Alla Lapidus. "Fungal Metagenome of Chernevaya Taiga Soils: Taxonomic Composition, Differential Abundance and Factors Related to Plant Gigantism." Journal of Fungi 7, no. 11 (October 27, 2021): 908. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7110908.
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The Chernevaya taiga of Western Siberia is a unique and complex ecosystem, distinguished by the unusually large sizes of herbaceous plants, the reasons for which are poorly understood. Here, we explored the fungal diversity of the Chernevaya taiga soils in the Tomsk regions of Western Siberia in comparison with other soil types. The soil biomes of Chernevaya taiga and the control regions were investigated using Illumina ITS rRNA sequencing, and taxonomic analysis revealed a predominance of fungal phyla in the different soils. These results demonstrate that the fungi of the Chernevaya taiga regions have a higher species diversity (Faith’s PD) vs. the control soils, and the diversity is due more to the sampling sites rather than to the seasons (Bray-Curtis distance). We studied most of the differentially abundant taxa among the soil types, and we annotated the taxa with their ecological guilds and trophic types. Some of the abundant fungal taxa in the summer- and fall-Chernevaya taiga samples belong to the phylum Glomeromycota—arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiotrophs, which are known to establish symbiotic relationships and enhance plant growth. Additionally, several OTUs were assigned to novel genera in the Glomeraceae and Claroideoglomeraceae families. Our findings add a potential explanation of the high productivity and plant gigantism in Chernevaya taiga and expand our knowledge of fungal biodiversity.
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Punegov, A. N., A. N. Smirnova, and O. V. Skrotskaya. "Features of flowering and fruiting of the genus Cotoneaster Medik. species in the introduction of the Komi Republic." Bulletin of the State Nikitsky Botanical Gardens, no. 133 (December 18, 2019): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.36305/0513-1634-2019-133-30-36.
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The paper deals with the biological features of introduced species of Cotoneaster genus in the middle taiga subzone of the Komi Republic. The vegetation, flowering, fruiting, rhythm of shoots growth, winter resistance and seed productivity of six species of perennial plants of the genus Cotoneaster in new growth conditions were studied. The seasonal rhythm of development of all studied plant species at the point of introduction corresponds to the climatic conditions of the middle taiga subzone. The most promising species were selected for cultivation.
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Chernova, O. D., O. A. Popova, and A. S. Prokopyev. "Биоморфологическая структура флоры государственного природного заказника «Реликтовые дубы» (Забайкальский край)." Ukrainian Journal of Ecology 7, no. 4 (December 22, 2017): 270–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/2017_116.
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<p>In this paper, we use Serebyakov's life-form classification to analyze the biomorphological structure of flora growing in Relic Oaks State Reserve (Trans-Baikal Territory). The reserve is located on the territory of Eastern Siberia that belongs to the Pacific Basin. In accordance with the established biogeographical division, this territory is at the boundary between two large floral regions of the Holarctic: Circumboreal and East Asian. It is notable for its phytodiversity and classified as a region with the dominating taiga, taiga-forest-steppe, and forest-steppe plant communities. The biomorphological analysis has shown the predominance of herbaceous plants over xylophytes in the flora of the reserve. Plants with fully or partially lignified shoots account for 11.8% and herbaceous plants, for 88.2% of the total number of flora species in the reserve. Shrubs are the dominating xylophytes on the territory of the reserve and dry-land polycarpous plants are the prevailing herbs. The Relic Oaks Reserve location at the boundary between the forest-steppe and steppe zones causes the predominance of short-rooted, long-rooted, and taproot herbaceous plants. </p>
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Kishchenko, IT. "Growth and development of the introduced Fraxinus L. species in the taiga zone (Karelia)." Arctic Environmental Research 20, no. 1 (November 2, 2020): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/issn2541-8416.2020.20.1.29.
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Most species of woody plants indigenous to the Russian taiga are extremely sensitive to pollutants. However, many species of deciduous trees that grow in other geographical areas, including the genus Fraxinus, are fairly tolerant to progressive environmental pollution. For the introduction of cultivated plants into new environmental conditions, an impartial assessment of their introduction potential is required, which is possible only on the basis of comprehensive studies. The most important processes characterising the condition of plants are growth and development. The present study examined the introduction of three species of the Fraxinus L. genus to the middle taiga subzone. These were F. excelsior L., F. americana L. and F. pennsylvanica Marsh. The stems and leaves of the plants were measured once every 2–3 days over the course of two growth periods. Phenological observations were carried out between May and October over the course of 17 years. The introduction potential of the studied species was determined through visual assessment carried out in the autumn. The findings showed that the growth of shoots and leaves in the studied Fraxinus species began in late May-early June, varying between species by 1–5 days. The cessation of shoot and leaf growth in the studied Fraxinus species, which occurred in July, varied by up to ten days. The dates of onset and culmination of the growth of shoots and leaves appeared to be determined primarily by air temperature, with a year-by-year variability of 3–7 days. All the studied Fraxinus species showed a high degree of introduction potential and can be successfully used for gardening and landscaping purposes in the middle taiga subzone.
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Kolosova, Valeria, Olga Belichenko, Alexandra Rodionova, Denis Melnikov, and Renata Sõukand. "Foraging in Boreal Forest: Wild Food Plants of the Republic of Karelia, NW Russia." Foods 9, no. 8 (July 29, 2020): 1015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9081015.
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While the current consumption of wild food plants in the taiga of the American continent is a relatively well-researched phenomenon, the European taiga area is heavily underrepresented in the scientific literature. The region is important due to its distinctive ecological conditions with restricted seasonal availability of wild plants. During an ethnobotanical field study conducted in 2018–2019, 73 people from ten settlements in the Republic of Karelia were interviewed. In addition, we conducted historical data analysis and ethnographical source analysis. The most widely consumed wild food plants are forest berries (three Vaccinium species, and Rubus chamaemorus), sap-yielding Betula and acidic Rumex. While throughout the lifetime of the interviewees the list of used plants did not change considerably, the ways in which they are processed and stored underwent several stages in function of centrally available goods, people’s welfare, technical progress, and ideas about the harm and benefit of various products and technological processes. Differences in the food use of wild plants among different ethnic groups living in the region were on the individual level, while all groups exhibited high variability in the methods of preparation of most used berries. The sustainability of berry use over time has both ecological and economical factors.
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Bukharina, I. L., A. S. Pashkova, D. N. Udalov, M. N. Starkov, O. A. Svetlakova, and O. A. Belousova. "State of spruce stands in Southern Taiga forests in Udmurt Republic Taiga Zone." FORESTRY BULLETIN 25, no. 4 (August 2021): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/2542-1468-2021-4-34-43.
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The study results of coniferous stands and the description of stands in the southern taiga forests of the taiga zone within the Udmurt Republic (on the territory of the Yakshur-Bodya, Igrinsky and Kez forest districts) are presented. The climatic indicators of the study year are presented in comparison with the average long-term data for the studied areas. The taxational characteristics of forest stands are given, the indicators of the morphological profile, humidity, and cellulose-decomposing activity of forest litter are presented. Studies have shown that the cellulose-decomposing activity of forest litter depends on its moisture content, which is associated with the values of the basal area per hectar of stands in the studied sample areas. No differences in the indicator of cellulose-decomposing activity were found in the sample areas in the Igrinsky forestry. The highest values of this indicator were determined in the sample area No. 1 in the Kez forestry. The lowest values of the cellulose-decomposing activity of forest litter were observed in the sample areas No. 1 and No. 3 in the Yakshur-Bodya forest area. The physiological and biochemical parameters of Siberian spruce (Pícea obováta Ledeb.) were analyzed and compared in trees of good and satisfactory living conditions, which did not show statistically significant differences in the content of chlorophylls and carotenoids in the needles. A significantly high content of photosynthetic pigments and tannins in Siberian spruce conifers was found in the sample areas in the Igrinsky forest area. Similar results were obtained for individuals of a satisfactory living condition, with the exception of the content of tannins in conifers. It was found that the high content of chlorophyll a in Siberian spruce needles is usually accompanied by an increased content of tannins and a low concentration of ascorbic acid. It is shown that in general, the potential of Siberian spruce individuals associated with the biochemical level of the formation of adaptive reactions is highest in plants in the northern regions of the republic, i.e. in areas with more extreme growing conditions. Materials were obtained on the basis of which it is possible to develop a program for monitoring plantings and restoring forest stands.
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Sizykh, A. P. "Transformation and Reconstitution of Vegetation in the Pre-Baikal." Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series Earth Sciences 37 (2021): 86–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/2073-3402.2021.37.86.
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The work represents the results of perennial studies of the structural-dynamic organization of the phytocoenoses, which are subjected during a long period to anthropogenic impact in different, for geographical conditions, areas of western and south-eastern Pre-Baikal. The composition of phytocoenoses, which form at cuttings of forests of different composition and typology is found out. The following parameters are determined: species composition, synfolial differentiation and dominant species of the soil cover reflecting the dynamics of reconstitutional stages of polydominant light-coniferous forests of Pre-Baikalian type. We noticed the peculiarities of transformation and reconstitution of the coenoses, which during a long period are used for haying and pasturage formed on the site of earlier cut timber stands at the boundary with the extrazonal steppe. During last decades, a gradual forestation of these territories is observed, the steppe plants species in the soil cover are replaced by forest species characteristic for the light-coniferous taiga. On the site of cuttings of dark-coniferous taiga in the first half of the last century in the southern part of Pre-Baikal, forests form with dominance of more hydrophilic trees species in undergrowth and young growth – fir and spruce replace cedar everywhere. This is probably due to secular forests dynamics with replacement of forest forming trees species on the background of climate changes during last decades. There are as well changes in the species composition of plants on the soil cover of forming dark-coniferous taiga.
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Dubrova, M. S., G. M. Zenova, A. V. Yakushev, N. A. Manucharova, E. P. Makarova, D. G. Zvyagintsev, and I. Yu Chernov. "Psychrotolerant actinomycetes of plants and organic horizons in tundra and taiga soils." Eurasian Soil Science 46, no. 8 (August 2013): 862–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1064229313080036.
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Yudin, S. I. "To the creation of the exhibition of Altai flora in the Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden." Bulletin of the State Nikitsky Botanical Gardens, no. 137 (December 31, 2020): 84–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.36305/0513-1634-2020-137-84-93.
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The preconditions for creating an exposition on the botanical and geographical site "Altai" of the Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden of the KSC RAS, represented by cenotic elements characteristic of the forests of the Altai mountains: dark-coniferous, light-coniferous and black taiga. Such expositions in botanical gardens are one of the forms of preserving the biodiversity of introduced plants ex situ. The condition, structure, species composition of the created plantings for this period - the completion of the first stage of work ("Creating a tree tier") is described. Preliminary results of plant introduction the main tree species ( Abies sibirica Ledeb., Picea obovata Ledeb., Larix sibirica Ledeb., Pinus sibirica Du Tour, Pinus sylvestris L., Tilia cordata Mill ., Populus tremula L.) forests of the Altai mountains. The condition of coniferous plants is characterized as normal: they show climate and soil resilience, have a natural rhythm of development here, go through all stages and phases of ontomorphogenesis. A comparative analysis of the rhythms of seasonal development of plants of herbaceous species characteristic of the most contrasting ecotypes of the Altai mountains (foothill and high-mountain) showed that the conditions of the Northern taiga of the Khibiny mountains of the Kola Peninsula are more consistent with plants of high-altitude habitats (high-mountain ecotype). Features of growth and development of plants of Altai species ex situ indicate successful adaptation of most of these species to the conditions of the Kola Arctic.
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Yudin, S. I. "To the creation of the exhibition of Altai flora in the Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden." Bulletin of the State Nikitsky Botanical Gardens, no. 137 (December 31, 2020): 84–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.36305/0513-1634-2020-137-84-93.
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The preconditions for creating an exposition on the botanical and geographical site "Altai" of the Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden of the KSC RAS, represented by cenotic elements characteristic of the forests of the Altai mountains: dark-coniferous, light-coniferous and black taiga. Such expositions in botanical gardens are one of the forms of preserving the biodiversity of introduced plants ex situ. The condition, structure, species composition of the created plantings for this period - the completion of the first stage of work ("Creating a tree tier") is described. Preliminary results of plant introduction the main tree species ( Abies sibirica Ledeb., Picea obovata Ledeb., Larix sibirica Ledeb., Pinus sibirica Du Tour, Pinus sylvestris L., Tilia cordata Mill ., Populus tremula L.) forests of the Altai mountains. The condition of coniferous plants is characterized as normal: they show climate and soil resilience, have a natural rhythm of development here, go through all stages and phases of ontomorphogenesis. A comparative analysis of the rhythms of seasonal development of plants of herbaceous species characteristic of the most contrasting ecotypes of the Altai mountains (foothill and high-mountain) showed that the conditions of the Northern taiga of the Khibiny mountains of the Kola Peninsula are more consistent with plants of high-altitude habitats (high-mountain ecotype). Features of growth and development of plants of Altai species ex situ indicate successful adaptation of most of these species to the conditions of the Kola Arctic.
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Smirnova, Anna Nikolaevna, and Klavdiya Stepanovna Zaynullina. "Features of vegetation, flowering and fruiting of the genus Spiraea L. species in the cultivation in the European North-East (Republic of Komi)." Samara Journal of Science 7, no. 2 (June 15, 2018): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv201872123.
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The paper deals with the flowering and fruiting of introduced species of Spiraea L. genus in the collection of the Botanical garden of the Institute of biology of Komi SC of Ural branch of RAS, located in the middle taiga subzone of the European North-East of Russia. The collection of Spiraea genus by this time includes more than 40 taxa of plants of different geographical origin, including one species of local flora. Characteristics of vegetation, flowering and fruiting indicators of nine species of perennial plants of the genus are given based on the results of phenological observations during five years. It is shown that the seasonal rhythm of plant development in the new conditions corresponds to the climatic conditions of the subzone of the middle taiga. There are differences in the dates of beginning and duration of flowering in different species Spiraea of three sections, the total duration of flowering of studied species is almost 100 days. The species of Spiraria section are characterized by latest start and a long flowering period. Plants of all studied species are characterized by annual flowering and fruiting with the formation of benign seeds; some species are capable of self-seeding. The revealed characteristics allow us to consider that the studied species of Spiraea genus have successfully adapted in the Northern region and can be used in ornamental horticulture.
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Kucherov, Ilja B., and Andrey A. Zverev. "Phytocoenotical behaviour of nemoral and boreal-nemoral plant species in taiga zone communities." Turczaninowia 25, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 129–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/turczaninowia.25.3.13.
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Phytocoenotic behaviour of 14 nemoral or boreal-nemoral vascular plant species is analyzed in the middle- and southern-taiga subzones in comparison with that in the broadleaved-forest zone, based upon the set of 1669 relevés made in European Russia in 1996–2018. The nemoral species are mainly represented by shadow mesoeutrophic plants from the “corteges” of Tilia cordata s. l. and Fagus sylvatica. The more light-demanding plants from the Quercus robur “cortege”, either mesotrophic, or mesoeutrophic, more often demonstrate the boreal-nemoral type of zonal distribution. In the boreal-forest zone, linden and beech companions are typical for the southern-boreal nemoral-herb / sorrel spruce (Picea abies s. l.) forests on placors as well as the valley / riparian tall-herb forests, including the middle-boreal ones. The oak companions also inhabit grass-feathermoss pine (Pinus sylvestris) forests, besides the spruce forest types mentioned. Species from all the named “corteges” are also common in the small-leaved forests. The Betula companions which grow together with the nemoral plants in boreal forests could also be subdivided into the two florogenetical groups, namely a) the boreal, originally subalpine plants and b) the boreal-nemoral ones, originally oak companions. Species from the latter group often become widespread and dominant in the small-leaved forests; a good example is provided by Aegopodium podagraria. The rank correlation (Spearman rS) analysis shows the projective cover increase is connected with either the growing season warmth supply, or the climate oceanicity for both nemoral and boreal-nemoral species. These effects are most sound in the placor community sequence from broadleaved forests to sorrel and then bilberry-feathermoss spruce ones but weakened in the tall-herb forests on rich soil and completely levelled in the aspen (Populus tremula) forests. Carbonate bedrock outcrops contribute to nemoral species survival in the areas they inhabited during the climatically favourable epochs; they also favoured the migration of these species during the interglacials. Individualization of coenotic patterns of nemoral species at their distribution limits does not contradict to joint occurrence of such plants in relict / extrazonal locations.
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Portnyagina, Nadezhda Vasilyevna, Vasiliy Vitalyevich Punegov, Elmira Elizbarovna Echishvili, Marina Gennadyevna Fomina, and Ivan Vladimirovich Gruzdev. "Morphological features of the plant Pyrethrum majus (Desf.) Tzvel. and variability of the component composition of essential oil during introduction in the North-East of the European part of Russia." Samara Journal of Science 9, no. 4 (November 30, 2020): 142–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv202094121.
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The paper presents the results of the research on the growth, development, and biochemical evaluation of introduced Pyrethrum majus plants in the middle taiga subzone of the Komi Republic. It is established that in the conditions of culture the species is characterized by a high stability and winter hardiness. The phenology and dynamics of plant growth were studied. Morphological parameters of vegetative and generative shoots were determined. The yield of essential oil from the aboveground phytomass of P. majus and its component composition were studied. It was found that the content of essential oil of flowering plants varied over the years of research from 0,25 to 1,41% and depended on the weather conditions of the growing season. More than 190 components were found in the essential oil of P. majus plants using the method of GLC analysis, 48 of them were identified. The main terpenoids in the essential oil were S-(+) carvone (5465%), -tuyon (610%), TRANS-and CIS-p-Menta-2,8-dienols (2,32,8%), 1,8-Cineol (1,42,9%), CIS Menta-1(7)8-Dien-2ol (1,52,1%), germacrene d (1,21,8%) -cadinol (0,51,5%), -muurolol (0,22,6%). It was found that the component composition of the essential oil from perennial plants P. majus corresponds to the carvone-Tuyon chemotype and did not change significantly due to the meteorological conditions of the environment. Taking into account a high adaptation of plants of this species to the conditions of the middle taiga subzone of the Komi Republic, high indicators of aboveground phytomass with a sufficient content of essential oil, P. majus can be successfully cultivated in the North as a promising spicy-aromatic medicinal and ornamental plant.
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Taran, Georgy Semenovich, and Alexander Petrovich Dyachenko. "Association Carici juncellae-Salicetum rosmarinifoliae (Alnetea glutinosae) on the south taiga section of the Ob River floodplain." Environmental Dynamics and Global Climate Change 10, no. 1 (June 10, 2019): 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/edgcc11388.
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The Carici juncellae–Salicetum rosmarinifoliae Korolyuk et Taran in Taran 1993 association (Salicion cinereae, Salicetalia auritae, Alnetea glutinosae) includes the communities of the shrub (Salix rosmarinifolia, S. cinerea)-birch (Betula pubescens) tussock (Carex juncella, C. cespitosa) mires spread on the big West Siberian river floodplains within the taiga zone. On the Ob River, the association is represented by the C.j.–S.r. spiraeetosum salicifoliae Taran 1993 subassociation. Its range covers the Ob floodplain 830-kilometer distance crossing the subtaiga, south taiga and middle taiga subzones of Western Siberia. In the south taiga subzone (surroundings of the former village Kaibasovo, Krivosheinskiy district of Tomsk Region, 57º14'44"N, 84º11'05"E), the C.j.–S.r. spiraeetosum salicifoliae subassociation is studied for the first time. Near the Kaibasovo, the subassociation is represented by two facies: shrubby (Spiraea salicifolia, Salix rosmarinifolia, Salix cinerea) and birch (betulosum pubescentis). The communities of these facies found some floristic differences, which made it possible to attribute them to different variants: var. Cicuta virosa and var. Kadenia dubia. Carex juncella, C. cespitosa and Comarum palustre dominate in the field layer of the tussock mires. In the C.j.–S.r. spiraeetosum salicifoliae subassociation communities near the Kaibasovo, the average total projective cover (TPC) of the tree layer is 7%, shrubs – 34%, grasses – 48%, tussocks – 20%, ground mosses – 14%. Average tussock height is 59 cm. Average species saturation of the communities is 27 species of vascular plants and 18 species of mosses per 100 m2, the volume of the local coenoflora is 39 species of vascular plants and 28 species of mosses. Six moss species (Brachytheciastrum velutinum, Bryoerythrophyllum recurvirostrum, Bryum moravicum, Fissidens bryoides, Plagiomnium cuspidatum, Pylaisia selwynii) were found in the Ob communities of the C.j.–S.r. spiraeetosum salicifoliae for the first time. Due to this, the total volume of the moss flora of the subassociation Ob stands increased to 74 species. The analysis of the variability of the main coenotic and floristic parameters of the C.j.–S.r. spiraeetosum salicifoliae subassociation in the geographical space of the Ob floodplain (from the subtaiga subzone to the middle taiga one) is carried out. The main regularities of these shifts are revealed. The volume of the subassociation local vascular coenoflora (52-53 species) and average species saturation of the communities by vascular plants (20-21 species per 100 m2) are stable on the most of the Ob floodplain sections. At the same time, changes are observed downstream of the Ob River, which can be interpreted as an intracoenotic response of the subassociation communities to smooth changes in the ecological regime of the floodplain when moving in geographical space from south to north. Thus, from the south to the north, many average parameters increase in the subassociation communities, namely: the height of trees, TPCs of tree layer, tussocks and ground mosses, the species saturation with mosses (from 4 to 18 species per 100 m2). The species richness of local moss floras also increases from 11 to 54 species. On the contrary, the average TPCs of shrub and field layers from south to north decrease. A number of deviations from general trends were found in the Kaibasovo birch-shrub tussock mires, namely: high species saturation with vascular plants (27 species per 100 m2), low reach of vascular coenoflora (39 species). The first can be explained by the proximity of the studied mires to the Ob riverbed, the second – by the crowding of the relevés in a relatively small area of the floodplain.
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Urazova, L. D., and O. V. Litvinchuk. "SEED BREEDING OF PERENNIAL CEREALS IN TAIGA ZONE OF TOMSK REGION." Scientific Life 15, no. 10 (October 30, 2020): 1342–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.35679/1991-9476-2020-15-10-1342-1348.
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The main goal of breeding and seed-growing work with perennial grasses is the creation and reproduction of intensive varieties that are distinguished by high productivity, adaptability, and resistance to adverse factors. The tasks of varietal seed production of perennial grasses in the taiga zone include the preservation of biological and economically useful properties inherent in the variety during its reproduction; ensuring timely implementation of variety change and variety renewal; accelerated multiplication of seeds of new varieties. It is important to cultivate each crop according to modern scientifically based varietal technologies that are developed for the conditions of the region. To create highly productive seed herbage and successful harvesting, it is necessary to take into account the biological characteristics of species and varieties. The choice of seed farming methods is determined by the ability of populations to retain their valuable properties in the process of seed reproduction. When developing promising methods of seed production of new generation varieties, it is necessary to study the reaction of plants to stressful phenomena and develop agrotechnical methods that allow plants to adapt to them with a minimum decrease in seed productivity. The development of seed production of perennial cereal grasses in the extreme soil and climatic conditions of the taiga zone contributes to the growth and stabilization of the gross harvest of seeds with high sowing qualities. The article presents the main results for 2015-2019. on perennial cereal grasses in the Narym Department of Breeding and Seed Production of the Siberian Research Institute of Agriculture and Technology - a branch of the SFNCA RAS. Seed growing is carried out according to the traditional scheme. Due to adaptive varieties, the agroecological zoning of seed production is being improved. The aim of this work is to summarize the results of seed production on perennial grasses in the taiga zone of the Tomsk region.
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АРЖАННИКОВ, Ю. А., А. А. БОЯРСКИЙ, and И. А. ПАНИН. "NON-WOOD RESOURCES OF ABOVE GROUND COVER IN GRASSY PLANTINGS OF THE SOUTH URAL TAIGA ZONE." Леса России и хозяйство в них, no. 1(76) (March 23, 2021): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.51318/fret.2021.54.29.004.
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Представлены результаты изучения ресурсов хозяйственно-ценных растений живого напочвенного покрова сосновых и берёзовых насаждений Южно-Уральской таёжной зоны Свердловской области. В качестве основного показателя для характеристики запасов была выбрана надземная фитомасса в аб- солютно сухом состоянии. Данные были получены на 28 пробных площадях в пяти наиболее распространённых в районе исследования типах леса. Для размещения пробных площадей подбирались наиболее типичные для района исследования насаждения различного возраста, происхождения, состава древостоя, относительной полноты и других таксационных показателей. Хозяйственно-ценные растения пред- ставлены ягодными, лекарственными, кормовыми и медоносными, а также растениями, содержащими дубильные красильные и эфиромасличные вещества. В березняках надземная фитомасса хозяйственно ценных растений варьирует от 10,1 до 1019,7 кг/га в абсолютно сухом состоянии. В сосняках данный показатель значительно ниже и составляет от 1,1 до 73,4 кг/га. Размещение ресурсов хозяйственно-ценных растений по территории неравномерно даже в пределах одного типа леса. Основной причиной являются отличия в таксационных показателях насаждений. Установлена корреляционная зависимость между надземной фитомассой полезных растений живого напочвенного покрова и относительной полнотой древостоя. Также существует тенденция увеличения запасов полезных растений с повышением возраста насаждений. В целом в живом напочвенном покрове березняков сосредоточены большие запасы кормовых растений, медоносов, а также значительна фитомасса лекарственных и пищевых видов. С точки зрения заготовки недревесной продукции живой напочвенный покров сосняков не представляет интереса из-за низкой фитомассы хозяйственно ценных растений. The article presents the results of studying resources of economically valuable plants of the above ground cover of pine and birch plantations in the South Ural taiga zone of the Sverdlovsk region. The aboveground phytomass in a completely dry state is used as the main indicator for the stock characteristics. Data were obtained on 28 sample areas in the fi ve most common forest types in the study area. Plantings of various ages, origin, stand composition, relative completeness, and other taxational indicators were selected to accommodate the sample areas. Economically valuable plants are represented by berry, medicinal, forage and honey-bearing species, as well as plants containing tannic dyes and essential oils. In birch forests, the aboveground phytomass of economically valuable plants ranges from 10.1 to 1019.7 kg/ha in a completely dry state. In pine forests, this indicator is much lower and varies from 1.1 to 73.4 kg/ha. The distribution of resources of economically valuable plants across the territory is uneven, even within the same type of forest. The main reason is the differences in the taxation indicators of plantings. A correlation was established between the aboveground phytomass of useful plants of the living ground cover and the relative fullness of the stand. There is also a tendency to increase the stocks of useful plants with increasing age of plantings. In general, in the living ground cover of birch forests, large stocks of forage plants are concentrated, and the phytomass of medicinal and food species, as well as honey plants, is also signifi cant. From the point of view of harvesting non-wood products, the living ground cover of pine forests is not of interest, due to the low phytomass of economically valuable plants.
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Pristova, Tatyana Alexandrovna. "Carbon content in plants of the middle taiga deciduous forest of the Komi Republic." Principles of the Ecology 45, no. 3 (September 2022): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15393/j1.art.2022.12402.
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Sugimoto, Atsuko, Nao Yanagisawa, Daisuke Naito, Noboru Fujita, and Trofim C. Maximov. "Importance of permafrost as a source of water for plants in east Siberian taiga." Ecological Research 17, no. 4 (June 28, 2002): 493–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1703.2002.00506.x.
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Dymova, O. V., and T. K. Golovko. "Photosynthetic Pigments in Native Plants of the Taiga Zone at the European Northeast Russia." Russian Journal of Plant Physiology 66, no. 3 (May 2019): 384–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1021443719030038.
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Uemura, Shigeru, Satoshi Tsuda, and Sakae Hasegawa. "Effects of fire on the vegetation of Siberian taiga predominated by Larixdahurica." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 20, no. 5 (May 1, 1990): 547–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x90-071.
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In the summer of 1988, a vegetation survey of the Siberian taiga was conducted in a discontinuous permafrost zone of northern China where a destructive fire had occurred in the spring of 1987. The dominant forest cover of this area was larch, with spruce forests occurring in wet valleys and pine forests on steep, dry slopes. The vertical structure of forests showed that the spruce forests were preceded by larch forests; however, most of the larch forests were self-renewable probably because their habitats were too dry for spruce trees to compete. In larch forests, the 1987 fire seriously damaged perennial herbs; in spruce forests, however, most of the herbaceous plants were protected by wet conditions of their habitats, except feather mosses, which could not survive in the habitat opened by fire. Many plants of the burnt habitats recovered vegetatively; in particular, the burnt stems of birch trees frequently sprouted many shoots and consequently appeared to be contributing to the rapid reestablishment of larch, which is generally preceded by birch trees in ecological succession. Pine forests were not self-renewable; however, they seemed independent of the normal course of succession by dominating dry habitats where their competitors were not successful.
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Kravchenko, Irina, Mikhail Rayko, Ekaterina Tikhonova, Aleksey Konopkin, Evgeny Abakumov, and Alla Lapidus. "Agricultural Crops Grown in Laboratory Conditions on Chernevaya Taiga Soil Demonstrate Unique Composition of the Rhizosphere Microbiota." Microorganisms 10, no. 11 (October 31, 2022): 2171. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10112171.
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Chernevaya taiga in West Siberia is a unique environment, with gigantism of grasses and shrubs. Exceptionally high productivity of plants is determined by the synergistic interaction of various factors, with a special role belonging to microorganisms colonizing the plant roots. This research explored whether agricultural plants can recruit specific microorganisms from within virgin Chernevaya Umbrisol and thus increase their productivity. Radish and wheat plants were grown on the Umbrisol (T1) and control Retisol of Scotch pine forest stand (T3) soils in the phytotron, and then a bacterial community analysis of the rhizosphere was performed using high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA genes. In laboratory experiments, the plant physiological parameters were significantly higher when growing on the Umbrisol as compared to the Retisol. Bacterial diversity in T1 soil was considerably higher than in the control sample, and the principal coordinate analysis demonstrated apparent differences in the bacterial communities associated with the plants. Agricultural plants growing in the T1 soil form specific prokaryotic communities, with dominant genera Chthoniobacter, Pseudomonas, Burkholderia, and Massilia. These communities also include less abundant but essential for plant growth nitrifiers Cand. Nitrosocosmius and Nitrospira, and representatives of Proteobacteria, Bacilli, and Actinobacteria, known to be gibberellin-producers.
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Konovalova, Irina S., and Denis Yu Konovalov. "Ecological and Cenotic Activity of Species of the Middle Taiga Flora." Lesnoy Zhurnal (Forestry Journal), no. 6 (December 10, 2022): 94–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2022-6-94-106.
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The control of the main weeds of forestry objects has always played an important role in forestry. The development of evidence-based measures, primarily in the areas of forest nurseries, relies on identifying the features of formation, functioning and activity of segetal plant species. The research aims at developing and adapting evidence-based approaches to the weed control in forest nurseries of the middle taiga zone of the European North by analyzing the ecological status of species in a particular agrophytocenosis and by differentiating species according to the nature of ecological and cenotic relationships. Data on plants was obtained in forest nurseries of Northwestern Russia. The diversity of plant communities was studied by route method throughout the forest agrocenoses, carrying out geobotanical descriptions of the ground cover. The projective cover of vascular plants was observed when describing the vegetation. The results revealed the following regularities: segetal flora is dominated by a group of predominantly weed species, consisting of eurytopic and active weed species (42 %); stenotopic and hemistenotopic plant species, the so-called typical or faithful complex species, represent 34 %; facultative plant species complete the series (24 %). The systematization of a large amount of scientific data became the basis for the theoretical substantiation and implementation in practice of monitoring the most active plant species in agrophytocenoses of forest nurseries. A comprehensive analysis of plant communities of forest nurseries allowed the authors to propose their floristic classification of vegetation. The presented classification considers all the floristic and ecological differences between the studied communities and can be used in the weed control in the northern part of the Russian plain. For citation: Konovalova I.S., Konovalov D.Yu. Ecological and Cenotic Activity of Species of the Middle Taiga Flora. Lesnoy Zhurnal = Russian Forestry Journal, 2022, no. 6, pp. 94–106. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2022-6-94-106
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Bushueva Yu, O., V. Gudovskikh Yu, T. L. Egoshina, E. A. Luginina, and A. V. Yaroslavtsev. "Ecological and biological aspects of Dactylorhiza maculata (L.) Soo coenopopulations in northern taiga conditions." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1010, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1010/1/012120.
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Abstract Dactylorhiza maculata (L.) Soó is rare and protected in 25 districts of Russian Federation; it is also included in the IUCN Red List of threatened species. In studied conditions populations of D. maculata are confined to herbaceous and sedge-gramineous marshy meadows of different anthropogenic disturbance. In studied communities the species is characterized by medium quantity and relatively high variability of age groups. Average age spectrum of studied coenopopulations of D. maculata is incomplete double-humped with maximum on immature plants and local peak on generative plants. It was defined that young individuals prevail in ontogenetic spectrum of D. maculata and post-generative fraction is absent. Probably, the peculiarity is one of adaptive mechanisms of the species in conditions of anthropogenic influence and ecological status of typical biotopes in the North-East of Russia. Relatively high values of demographic and morphological parameters are defined for the plants on overgrowing technogenic area with medium disturbance. According to the hemeroby parameter, D. maculata is a species capable of tolerating moderate human impact. The results obtained in studied populations of D. maculata prove favorable conditions for the species in northern taiga ecosystems exposed to moderate or significant recreational stress, as well as sufficient reserves of the species’ stability towards anthropogenic and abiotic factors. Further monitoring of D. maculata is an essential measure necessary for determining ecological-biological peculiarities and range of the species’ tolerance towards different impacts in close-to-critical environmental conditions, which will promote conservation of the populations.
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LUKINA, N. V., A. I. KUZNETSOVA, A. P. GERAS’KINA, V. E. SMIRNOV, V. N. IVANOVA, D. N. TEBEN’KOVA, A. V. GORNOV, N. E. SHEVCHENKO, and E. V. TIKHONOVA. "UNACCOUNTED FACTORS DETERMINING CARBON STOCKS IN FOREST SOILS." Meteorologiya i Gidrologiya, no. 10 (October 2022): 92–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.52002/0130-2906-2022-10-92-110.
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The sources of uncertainties in estimating soil carbon stocks in forest ecosystems, including abiotic (mechanical composition of soil) and biotic (plants, earthworms) factors, are discussed. The results of comparative assessment of soil carbon storage in coniferous-broadleaved and taiga forests based on direct measurements and pedotransfer functions are presented. It is shown that the estimation of soil carbon stocks in forests based on both direct measurements and pedotransfer functions requires, along with other soil formation factors, taking into account the most dynamic ones, including plants and soil biota, as well as the history of nature management. The calculation of soil carbon stocks should be carried out with account of fine earth (<2 mm fraction) content.
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Khapugin, Anatoliy A., Elena V. Vargot, Gennadiy G. Chugunov, and Nikita I. Shugaev. "Invasion of alien plants in fire-damaged forests at southern boundary of the taiga zone." Forest Systems 25, no. 3 (December 2, 2016): eSC13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/fs/2016253-09461.
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Aim of study: Biological invasions are one of the most important areas of forest research. In this study, we revealed invasibility of fire-damaged forests at the southern boundary of the taiga zone.Area of study: The Mordovia State Nature Reserve (Central Russia).Material and Methods: Altogether, 11 square plots of each 100 ×100 m were established in different types of fire-damaged forests. To test plant invasion outside the established plots, field researches were carried out by route method in fire-damaged area of the Mordovia Reserve.Main Results: Six alien species (Erigeron canadensis, E. annuus, Oenothera biennis, Lactuca serriola, Sambucus racemosa, Viola arvensis) were registered within the established plots in 2011–2014. In addition, two alien invasive plants (Solidago canadensis and Bidens frondosa) were found outside these plots. No differences were detected in invasibility of the tested forest ecosystems.Research highlights: Among the revealed alien species, Erigeron canadensis, Lactuca serriola and Solidago canadensis are the most invasive plants in forest ecosystems. The first one was observed with a high occurrence frequency and abundance in all forest types tested. The second one has not been differed by abundance, but it characterized by a high competition as well as a large biomass and a large number of seeds. Solidago canadensis penetrated to natural forest ecosystem in a short time period due to closest location of its dispersal centers near the boundary of the Mordovia Reserve. These species are the most probable invaders of the forest ecosystems.Keywords: Invasive plants; invisibility; post-fire successions; Mordovia State Nature Reserve; wildfire; forest ecosystem.
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Martynov, L. G. "Introduction of far eastern woody plants to the middle-taiga subzone of the Komi Republic." Contemporary Problems of Ecology 4, no. 3 (June 2011): 260–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1995425511030052.
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SOROMOTIN, A. V., I. N. EZAU, O. S. SIZOV, S. A. LOBOTROSOVA, and K. A. FRANK. "MICROCLIMATIC FEATURES OF SAND DUNES IN NORTHERN TAIGA IN WESTERN SIBERIA." Meteorologiya i Gidrologiya, no. 8 (August 2021): 88–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.52002/0130-2906-2021-8-88-100.
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Analysis of microclimate parameters on various elements of the mesorelief of natural sand dunes in the Nadym region of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug showed that the elements of that mesorelief form individual combinations of meteorological elements of the microclimate: the maximum wind speeds are observed at the tops of the dunes, the maximum values of relative humidity and temperature are typical for leeward slopes. The condition of the plants growing on the dunes depends on the microclimatic conditions and temperature regime of the upper part of the sandy deposits. The transfer of sand by strong winds and significant freezing of the surface layer is a determining factor in preventing plant growth. The temperature and relative humidity of the surface layer of atmospheric air, which form special "greenhouse" conditions on the leeward slopes of the dunes, have a positive effect on the growth of vegetation, under the condition of insignificant wind loads.
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Shushpannikova, Galina S., and Oksana V. Pakhtusova. "The state of Bergenia crassifolia (L.) Fritsch when introduced in the botanical garden of Syktyvkar University." Transaction Kola Science Centre 12, no. 6-2021 (December 31, 2021): 232–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.37614/2307-5252.2021.6.12.9.034.
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The seasonal dynamics of Bergenia crassifolia when introduced in the botanical garden of Syktyvkar State University was analyzed. It was found that the height of the plants (52,4 ± 4,8 cm) and the size of the leaves (length 15,0 ± 0,4 cm, width 11,2 ± 0,3 cm) correspond to the indicators of individuals from natural populations. This species successfully implements its adaptive potentials in the culture of the botanical garden in the middle taiga subzone. It went successfully through all stages of phenological development before the ripening of fruits and seeds.
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Borzykh, А., Yu Klechkovsky, L. Titova, and O. Palagina. "The use of modern computer technology to determine the possibility of acclimatization of adventitious phytophages in Ukraine during the analysis of phytosanitary risk (РRA)." Interdepartmental Thematic Scientific Collection of Plant Protection and Quarantine, no. 64 (November 19, 2018): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.36495/1606-9773.2018.64.3-10.
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The article contains information on the use of modern computer technologies to determine the possibility of acclimatization of adventitious phytophages in Ukraine during the analysis of phytosanitary risk. The use of modern computer programs Agro Atlas, MapInfo v.11.0 and Idrisi Taiga allowed in a short time to analyze the availability of fodder base (host plants) and the correspondence of ecoclimatic conditions of Ukraine, as AРR region, to the corresponding indicators of the modern range of pests and to identify potential acclimatization zones for Oemona hirta (lemon tree borer) and Thaumatotibia leucotreta (false apple moth).
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Vasfilova, Evgeniya, and Tat’yana Vorob’eva. "Little-known medicinal plants with a widespectrum of pharmacological action under the conditions of introduction in the Middle Urals." BIO Web of Conferences 24 (2020): 00090. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20202400090.
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Under conditions of introduction into the subzone of the southern taiga of the Middle Urals, species that are little known as medicinal plants in European countries and in Russia have been studied. These species have a wide spectrum of pharmacological action and are promising for use. Success of introduction was the most for Agastache foeniculum (Pursh) Kuntze, A. scrophulariifolia (Willd.) Kuntze, A. urticifolia (Benth.) Kuntze, Echinacea pallida (Nutt.) Nutt., Campanula rapunculoides L., C. latifolia L. These species are characterized by high winter hardiness, stable fruiting, give self-seeding, accumulate a sufficiently large biomass, are not damaged by diseases and pests.
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Meshcheryakova, L. A. "CHARACTERISTICSOFTHEHONEYBEE POPULATION AND THE COMPOSITION OF HONEY OBTAINED IN THE MOUNTAIN-TAIGA ZONE OF THE ALTAI REGION." Vestnik Altajskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta, no. 9 (2021): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.53083/1996-4277-2021-203-09-71-75.
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Bee-farming is a promising branch of the agro-industrial complex in the Russian regions including the Altai Region with all required conditions for the development of the in-dustry. Numerous melliferous plants growing in the Altai Region is good bee forage which contributes to bee-farming development. Honeybees produce first-class hon-ey varieties with an extraordinary aroma and tastes from the nectar of the local melliferous plants. According to the plan of breed zoning, the European dark bee (Apis mellif-era melliferaL.) is recommended in the Altai Region. Intro-duced to West Siberia in the second half of the 18th centu-ry, these bees have adapted well to the local climate and settled in different natural zones. The comparison of the morphometric and economic indices of the Altai population with purebred individuals will make it possible to determine their position in the breed composition of honeybees. The data on the exterior characteristics of bees and the compo-sition of 2 honeybrands collected in the mountain-taiga zone of the Region is discussed. It was found that the bees of the Altai population, in terms of measured indices (the average proboscis length -6.2 mm; tergite 3 width -5.0 mm; cubital index -59.5%, negative discoidal dis-placement in 100% of individuals, etc.) were consistent with the standard of the European dark bee. Pollen study of 2 brands of centrifuged honey showed that the main pollen belonged to the plants of the Umbelliferae family (39.4%) in one sample and Compositae (56.5%) in another sample. The rest of the pollen was found in insignificant quantities and belonged to the plants of the following families: Rosaceae, Onagraceae, Labiatae, Fabaceae, Crucifers and Boraginaceae.
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Nechaev, V. A., and A. A. Nechaev. "Wild berry plants and carpophagous birds in the taiga zone of the southern Russian Far East." Contemporary Problems of Ecology 5, no. 1 (February 2012): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1995425512010092.
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Kishchenko, IT. "Assessment of deciduous trees introduction prospect in the taiga zone (Karelia)." Arctic Environmental Research 19, no. 3 (September 18, 2019): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/issn2541-8416.2019.19.3.87.
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The article aimed at assessing introduction prospect for 32 species of the genera Acer L., Betula L., Fraxinus L., Padus Mill., Syringa L. and Sorbus L. at the Botanical Gardens of Petrozavodsk State University (Southern Karelia, central taiga subzone). The degree of introduction prospect was assessed with the use of the integral assessment method by P. I. Lapin and S. V. Sidneva. Such indicators as annual maturing of shoots, regular growth of axial shoots, winter hardiness of plants, habit preservation, shoot-forming capability, generative reproduction capability, capability to reproduce in plantation were taken into account. It was found that Acer ginnala, Acer platanoides, Betula platyphylla, Betula ulmifolia, Fraxinus excelsior, Padus virginiana, Padus pensylvanica, Padus maackii, Syringa vulgaris, Syringa pubescens, Syringa emodi, Syringa × henryi, Syringa josikaea, Syringa villosa, Syringa vulgaris var. Congo, Sorbus decora, Sorbus virginianis and Sorbus аmericana have the highest prospect rates (80–100 points), the other studied species – fairly high prospect rates (56–79 points). All the studied introduced species of deciduous trees can be successfully used in Karelia for gardening and landscaping purposes. Acer platanoides, Betula platyphylla, Fraxinus excelsior, Padus pensylvanica, Padus maackii, Syringa vulgaris и Sorbus decora show the highest degree of introduction prospect (about100 points).
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Portnyagina, Nadezhda Vasilyevna, Elmira Elizbarovna Echishvili, and Marina Gennadyevna Fomina. "Biomorphological features of plants and amino acid composition of <i>Agastache anisatus</i> and <i>Agastache rugosa</i> (Lamiaceae) proteins under culture conditions in the North." Samara Journal of Science 11, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 112–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.55355/snv2022113113.
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This paper summarizes the results of a long-term collection study of the growth and development of plants of two species of polygrate Agastache anisatus and A. rugosa (Lamiaceae) in the Botanical Garden of the Institute of Biology, Komi Scientific Center, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences. The material for the study was attracted according to the exchange lists of seeds from other botanical gardens and abroad. Under the conditions of the culture of the middle taiga subzone of the Komi Republic, both types of multi-grate behave like juvenile herbaceous plants. Seeds of these species do not need pre-sowing preparation. When sown in open ground at the end of May the first ten days of June, mass seedlings were noted on the 1220th day, depending on the weather conditions of the season. During the first year of life, the plants successively passed through all phases of the pregenerative period, and only 510% of plants passed into the generative period in September, forming one shoot up to 4045 cm high with 13 inflorescences. Winter hardiness of plants of the pregenerative period is quite high, 7085%. The following year, plant regrowth was observed in mid may. They entered the flowering phase at the end of July August, forming 35 generative shoots per individual 5080 cm high, branched in the upper part of the stem up to the second or third order. At the same time, under the conditions of a short northern summer, for 120130 days of vegetation, plants of the second year of life are able to form abundant self-sowing, but as a result, winter hardiness of plants fell to 10%. Overwintering was tolerated by single individuals, 24 specimens from 2030 generative plants. A more optimal option for growing multi-grate plants in the north is the seedling method. When plants were planted at the age of 3040 days in early June in open ground with an optimal feeding area of 40 40 cm, large branched shoots 5065 cm high were formed, which until mid-September went through the phases of flowering and fruiting, forming mature seeds. Winter hardiness of seedlings of plants of the first year of life is low. It has been established that under the culture conditions of the middle taiga subzone of the Komi Republic, plants of the multi-grate are able to accumulate a large amount of nitrogenous substances in the aboveground phytomass. Thus, a high content of crude protein was found in the aboveground phytomass of plants of the first and second years of life 26,228,8% in Agastache anisatus and 21,922,5% A. rugosa. 17 amino acids, including 7 essential amino acids, were found and determined in the above-ground phytomass of plants of polygonium. The proportion of essential amino acids varied from 34 to 39%. The highest indicators in the raw plant phytomass were noted for amino acids: glutamic, aspartic, leucine, proline, lysine and arginine 13,0, 10,7, 9,0, 8,6, 7,5 and 6,4% respectively.
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Vlasenko, Vyacheslav Aleksandrovich, Anastasiya Vladimirovna Vlasenko, and Dejidmaa Turmunkh. "The aridization effect on the characteristics of the substrate and biotopic distribution of fungi species of the Polyporus s.l. genus in the southeast of Western Siberia." Samara Journal of Science 9, no. 1 (February 28, 2020): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv202091103.
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The paper deals with the features of substrate and biotopic distribution of fungi species of the Polyporus s.l. genus in the southeast of Western Siberia. Most species have a wide range of substrates represented by various species of woody plants. The most widespread and common species are able to develop a wide range of substrates. Rare species are distinguished by a narrow substrate spectrum. For a rare species P . rhizophilus , adapted to exist in the conditions of subarid regions, found only in steppe biome communities, steppe grasses ( Stipa , Festuca ) are the only substrate. Most species grow on deciduous wood, only some species can grow on conifers, and only the taiga species P. tubaeformis develops exclusively on conifers in mountainous regions. Fungi substrates are represented by 11 species of angiosperms, 3 species of gymnosperms and steppe grasses. Most species are common in numerous communities; all of them are characterized by a high frequency of occurrence and colonize a wide range of substrates. Biotopically narrowly specialized species are few in number; they are characterized by narrow substrate specialization. In anthropogenic habitats, 6 species out of 14 growing in natural communities were recorded. On the plain territory, 10 species of the genus Polyporus were identified, while 14 species were found in mountain systems, since mountain humid areas contain the largest spectrum of substrates for fungi. The greatest diversity of Polyporus species is recorded in dark coniferous forests, among which the number of species is dominated by black aspen-fir forests. With an increase in aridization and a change in plant communities, rare relict mountain taiga, nemoral and typical taiga species are eliminated. The smallest number of Polyporus species is found in the steppe communities of subarid regions.
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Potapov, GS, and YuS Kolosova. "Distribution and habitat preference of Bombus (Kallobombus) soroeensis (Fabricius, 1777) on the territory of Arkhangelsk Region." Arctic Environmental Research 18, no. 2 (July 9, 2018): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/issn2541-8416.2018.18.2.66.
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In this paper, we summarise material pertaining to the distribution and habitat preference of Bombus (Kallobombus) soroeensis (Fabricius, 1777) on the territory of Arkhangelsk Region. B.soroeensis is widely represented on the territory as nominative subspecies B.soroeensisssp.soroeensis, which is common mainly in Fennoscandia, the British Isles and Eastern Europe. The northern border of the species range in the Arkhangelsk Region is the lower reaches of the Mezen River, located in the transition zone between the northern taiga and the forest-tundra. This locality is probably one of the most northern records of this species in the northern part of the Russian Plain. In Eastern Fennoscandia, B.soroeensis is distributed far to the north, i.e., in the northern parts of Finland and Norway. In relation to the habitat preference, B.soroeensis in the study region belongs to the category of meadow species. This species is typical of different types of meadows and ruderal habitats. B.soroeensis is not typical with regards to the native taiga habitats, in most cases. This is similar to the situation on the territory of Finland, where this species is associated with open meadow habitats. Individuals of B.soroeensis have been recorded on a wide range of entomophilous plants, and the main examples are Rhinanthusminor, Epilobiumangustifolium, Cirsiumarvense, Scorzoneroidesautumnalis, Lotuscorniculatus.
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Smirnova, Olga V., Anna P. Geraskina, and Vladimir N. Korotkov. "Tall herb dark coniferous forests as modern refugia of biological diversity of Northern Eurasia (on example of Pechora-Ilych Nature Reserve)." BIO Web of Conferences 24 (2020): 00083. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20202400083.
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Reconstruction of prehistoric forests can be based on restoring the areas of key species of plants and animals in those still preserved in refugiua which include tall herb forests. The main characteristic of unique boreal tall herb spruce-fir forests (association of Aconito septentrionalis-Piceetum obovatae) is presented in comparison with green moss spruce-fir forests (Eu-Piceetum abietis) that dominate in the taiga zone. Using the example of tall herb forests in the Pechora-Ilych Nature Reserve, we identified the following signs of intact forests of the Northern Eurasia: high diversity of vascular plant and moss species; full set of microsites connected with a tree-falls, well-defined gap-mosaic; diversity of ecological-coenotic groups; uneven-aged structure of tree species populations; fertile soil and rich soil biota; presence of broad-leaved forest markers such as ephemeroids (Corydalis solida, Anemone spp., Gagea spp., etc.); presence of broad-leaved tree species in paleo-spectra. The northern dark coniferous forests may also be regarded as historic refugiua because they were less disturbed by humans and probably less exposed to fire. Such model reconstructions will form the basis for developing methods for restoring the pre-anthropogenic dark coniferous (taiga) forests of Northern Eurasia.
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Ignatenko, Roman V., Natalia A. Galibina, and Boris B. Raevsky. "Cytogenetic evaluation of Pinus sylvestris L. in the European North of Russia (Republic of Karelia)." Turczaninowia 25, no. 1 (March 30, 2022): 73–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/turczaninowia.25.1.7.
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This article presents the results of cytogenetic analysis of the Pinus sylvestris L. seed progeny from 5 populations growing in the boreal forests of the European North of Russia (Republic of Karelia). Based on the study of plants karyotype, it was found that in addition to diploid cells some seedlings contained single tetraploid and aneuploid cells. Mainly, mixoploid plants were found in Sheltozerskoye and Ambarnskoye forest divisions. It is important to note that these populations were characterized by high values of such indicators as the frequency of mitotic pathologies at the metaphase and ana-telophase stages (5.3 ± 0.6 and 7.1 ± 0.6 % respectively), as well as the proportion of cells with micronuclei (0.2 ± 0.06 and 0.1 ± 0.04 % respectively) in the root meristem of Pinus sylvestris. However, despite data received, seeds from Sheltozersky and Ambarnsky forest divisions had high germination values. Nine types of chromosome aberrations were found due to the analysis: fragmentation, bridges, ring chromosomes, lagging, chromosome leading, isolation, multipolar and chaotic chromosome divergence, complex (multiple) disorders. In most of the seedlings studied, the most common pathology was chromosome overrun. In addition, the study showed that bridges proportion in the total disturbances’ spectrum at the ana-telophase stages of mitosis increases by ~ 3.5 times in Pinus sylvestris populations growing in the northern taiga subzone compared to the middle taiga populations. In most of the seedlings studied, the most common pathology was chromosome overrun. Thus, the use of a cytogenetic test made it possible to evaluate the state of Pinus sylvestris genome from different populations in the European North of Russia and to identify responses aimed at plant adaptation to environmental conditions at the cellular level.
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Samsonova, I. D., and A. A. Plakhova. "Zonal features of bioecological properties and honey productivity of species of the family Onagraceae Juss." Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University), no. 2 (July 6, 2022): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2022-63-2-97-103.
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Representatives of the cypress family (Onagraceae) are among the most valuable melliferous plants of the herbaceous flora of temperate latitudes in Russia. These honeybees are inferior to linden and white acacia among woody plants. It is known that maximum honey yields from the narrow-leaved willow (Epilobium angustifolium L.) are obtained in fresh heaths (3-5 years). The paper considers the dynamics of nectar production in different geographical zones depending on the bioecological characteristics of the honeybee. The ecological conditions on the unforested lands of the Middle Taiga in the Northwest region (Leningrad region) differ significantly from those of the rangelands. Distinct from particularly young havens, which form during certain periods of plant community development. Therefore, the willow herb on forest edges and glades is not as abundant (20 pcs./m2). The number of flowers per plant is lower (62 pcs.) than that of plants on fire sites (92 pcs.). The honey productivity is 140 kg/ha on fallow land and 50 kg / ha at the forest edges. In the taiga zone of western Siberia after deforestation and fires, narrow-leafed willow (Epilobium angustifolium) produces abundant nectar for the first 5-7 years. Control hive readings reach 18-24 kg per day, honey production reaches 350 kg/ha. Analysis of the main pollinators and honey collectors on Cypress flowers showed that in the southern regions of Western Siberia, beekeepers do not feel the presence of competing honeybees. A census of melliferous species in the Vasyugany region revealed the presence of marsh bunting (Epilobium palustre L.), from which bees collect pollen (21.31 g, 2.09 % of total pollen) in July in a beige-purple color. In the south, the honey productivity of the strong bearer cypress (Epilobium angustifolium L.) reaches 800 kg/ha, while in the north it does not produce nectar. On the territory of the Republic of Mari El, the productivity of honey in the burned areas of pine and linden spruce forests, where powerful thickets of willow herb develop, reaches 492 kg/ha.
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Lenkhoboeva, S. Y., V. V. Chepinoga, N. G. Borisova, D. G. Chimitov, V. A. Belova, A. M. Skornyakova, A. A. Nikulin, N. A. Nikulina, and O. G. Ilchenko. "The composition of haypiles of Turuchan pika (Preliminary analysis)." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 908, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/908/1/012019.
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Abstract The species composition and abundance of plants in the Turuchan pika habitat and in its haypiles were studied in the talus surrounded by taiga on the Primorsky ridge. With the Ivlev’s Electivity Index, it was found that the pika was selective in collecting food: Veratrum nigrum and Urtica dioica, being relatively rare in the habitat, were highly preferred and abundant in the haypiles. The bulk of the haypiles also consisted of 4 species (Rubus matsumuranus, Sambucus sibirica, Populus tremula, Spiraea media) with a high abundance in the habitat and collected proportionally with their abundance. Many plant species being abundant in the habitat were not stored by pikas.
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Urazova, L. D., O. V. Litvinchuk, and A. B. Saynakova. "Screening of awnless bromegrass collection samples in the taiga zone of Western Siberia." Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science 51, no. 1 (March 27, 2021): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.26898/0370-8799-2021-1-6.
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The paper presents the results of the study of collection samples of awnless bromegrass from the Federal Research Center N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) to identify donors of valuable breeding traits. The study was carried in 2015-2018 in Tomsk region. The soils of the experimental plots were sod-podzolic, sandy loam by granulometric composition, with a humus content in the arable layer of no more than 2%. The recorded area of the plot was 0.5 m2. The trials were repeated two times. Procedures for trial establishment, phenological observations, harvest recording and data processing were performed in accordance with the methodological recommendations of the All-Russian Williams Fodder Research Institute, VIR and the State Variety Testing Methodology. The years of the study were characterized by uneven distribution of heat and moisture during the growing season. This made it possible to identify the most adaptive samples for selective breeding of awnless bromegrass which can be used as a hay and pasture plant in the taiga zone. The following valuable source materials were selected for tall varieties: Khabarovsky, Titan, Vozvyshensky, SibNIISkhoz 88; samples of wild plants Yakutia (K-14215), Vologda (K-14224), Omsk (K-14228), Sverdlovsk (K-14209) regions, a local sample of Tomsk region (K-14226). The following samples resistant to fungal diseases were identified: Morshansky, Khabarovsky and Erkeeni varieties; samples of wild forms of Irkutsk (K-14221, К-14227), Vologda (K-14212, К-14224), Omsk (K-14228) regions, a local sample of Tomsk region (K-14226). The following high-yielding varieties in terms of fodder mass were recognized: wild forms of Vologda region (K-14212, К-14222) and a local population of Tomsk region (K-14214); highly leafy varieties: Primorsky 46, SibNIISKHoz 88, wild forms of Komi (K-14208), Irkutsk (K-14227), Vologda (K14212, К-14224) regions, local samples of Tomsk region (K-14214, К-14226); varieties with high seed yield: Duet, Primorsky 46, Erkeeni, wild forms of Vologda region (K-14212, К-14224), a local sample of Tomsk region (K-14226). Based on the set of the main economically valuable traits for sowing in a polycross nursery, samples of wild plants from Vologda region (K-14212, К-14224), and local samples of Tomsk region (K-14214, К-14226) were selected.
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Pristova, Tat'yana. "UNDERGROWTH PHYTOMASS IN THE SECONDARY DECIDUOUS STANDS OF THE MIDDLE TAIGA." Forestry Engineering Journal 10, no. 1 (April 6, 2020): 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2020.1/6.
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The determination of organic matter reserves by forest phytocenoses is important in assessing biological produc-tivity of deciduous plantations formed at felling. As a rule, phytomass of the stand and soil cover is given when assess-ing forest productivity. This indicator is rarely determined for the undergrowth. The deciduous phytocenoses of the middle taiga, formed at the cutting of spruce of myrtillus type, have been studied. The undergrowth of the studied phy-tocenoses is represented by six species of woody plants: Salix caprea L., Sorbus aucuparia L., Rosa acicularis Lindl. and Lonicera pallasii Ledeb. Besides the mentioned species, Salix pentandra L. and S. philicifolia L are found in birch and spruce young growths. The method of “model trees” using allometric equations and the method of the “middle tree” for estimating the mass of individual species were used to determine the undergrowth phytomass. The specifics of the undergrowth phytomass dynamics in the studied after-cutting phytocenoses is associated with the overgrowing of felling by forest-forming and undergrowth species at the same time. It subsequently leads to competition between them. According to the studies in birch and spruce young forests, the undergrowth phytomass of decreased from 8.8 to 4.7 t/ha over 10 years; in aspen-birch stands - from 4.0 to 3.8. Throughout the entire studied period, fractions, accumulating organic matter (trunks and branches) for a long time, prevail in the undergrowth phytomass. The mass of leaves is 6-8% of the total undergrowth phytomass. The dynamics of the accumulation of organic matter by undergrowth is determined by biological characteristics of the species that form it, their abundance, natural thinning, and succession stage of the secondary stands.
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Miftakhova, Svetlana Alekseevna, and Olga Valerievna Skrotskaya. "Amygdalus nana L. reproductive structures features study when introduced in the North." Samara Journal of Science 7, no. 3 (August 15, 2018): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv201873113.
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As a result of Amygdalus nana plant flowers structure study, when introduced in the middle taiga subzone of the Komi Republic, its conformity to the species features of the plant is shown. The authors also note teratological changes, expressed in the abnormal development of sterile or fertile flower structures. The number of petals increases, their edges become wavy; stamens transform into petals, there is pistil underdevelopment, etc. The life cycle of A. nana flowers was traced in the conditions of the North, the duration of the phases of their development was determined (Phase I - dense green bud, II phase of pink bud, III phase - beginning of blossoming flower, IV phase - full blossoming of the flower and V phase - fading). The features of the fruiting process of A. nana are shown, where degeneration of fertilized ovules is noted, which is due to the possible violation of different stages of embryogenesis. In this case, a significant number of anomalies in the fertile parts of the flower, possibly, lead to a small number of fruits on plants. The analysis of the A. nana flower structure in the middle taiga subzone of the Komi Republic gives additional information on the intraspecific changes in the reproductive structures of this plant; the results obtained can serve as additional information for establishing anthocological differences within the taxon.
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Kuklin, Alexey P., and Balzhit B. Bazarova. "Macrophytes in the littoral of Lake Arakhley in different states of water regime." Ekológia (Bratislava) 38, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 225–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eko-2019-0018.
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AbstractThe study of aquatic vegetation in the littoral of the dimictic water bodies of taiga is of particular interest in case of long-term observations carried out under conditions of climate fluctuations. During the low-water period, drying of the littoral with a decrease in the water level leads to the changes in phytomass of macrophytes, as well as in the composition of species and their distribution by depth. The area of littoral covered with ice in winter is also large in the low-water period; it affects the growth of perennial plants. When the water level decreases, the sand beach replaces the sand and pebble beach; it leads to the disappearance of epilithon and the predominance of rooting plants. The features of vegetation were determined for each period of water content. The low-water period is characterised mostly by grass-type vegetation; the high-water period is characterised by vegetation of mixed type.
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Dorofeyeva, Ludmila. "Lianas collection from the Botanical Garden and its science-practice utilization." BIO Web of Conferences 38 (2021): 00025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20213800025.
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Collection of many years’ lianas gathered in Botanical Garden, placed in south-taiga boreal area of Middle Ural. The collection bank of voluble plants is exposed of 12 genus and 17 families growing wild species of lianas originating from various areas of the Earth temperate zone and contains of more than 200 taxons. The most imposing among them is collection of genus Clematis L., which contains species of natural flora and sorts of Clematis from Russian and World selection of more than 200 taxons. Taxons are listed and analyzed by biomorphic and geographic criteria. Many years observing of collected specimens allowed getting important data about influence of climatological changes on winter hardness and procreational functions Aristolochia manschuriensis, A. macrophylla.
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Glazunov, Valerii, Svetlana Nikolaenko, and Stepan Senator. "Data on the creation of new protected areas in the Nadym district of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug." BIO Web of Conferences 38 (2021): 00035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20213800035.
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The protected areas of the Nadym district are currently represented by only one nature reserve «Nadymskiy». This does not protect the biodiversity of the region. In 2020, we conducted a survey of the Nadym district in order to find new sites for the creation of protected areas. As a result, 7 new protected areas have been proposed: a natural park, a wildlife sanctuary and 5 natural monuments, including three lakes with a rare protected species of spore plants – Isoetes echinospora. The proposed protected areas cover the biodiversity of all natural zones of the Nadym district: tundra, forest-tundra and northern taiga. Some of the protected areas are of great historical and cultural importance for the aborigines.
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Lukina, Natalia, Tamara Chibrik, Elena Filimonova, Margarita Glazyrina, Evgeniy Rakov, and Denis Veselkin. "Strip clay application accelerates for 15–20 years the vegetation formation in ash dump (Middle Urals, Russia)." BIO Web of Conferences 31 (2021): 00016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20213100016.
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As a result of a generalization of 45-year monitoring observations at on the ash dump of the Verkhniy Tagil Power Station, the absolute time scale was made, stabilization rates during succession of different plant communities characteristics were assessed in two areas: recultivated and non-recultivated. Recultivation consisted of clay strips applying (5–8 m wide, 10–15 cm thick) on ash surface. All characteristics of plant communities (total projective cover by plants, total number of species in plant community) are formed 15–20 years faster in recultivated area. So, a simple technical recultivation, (clay strips applying), significantly accelerates the formation of plant communities main characteristics on ash surface in subzone of the southern taiga in Middle Urals.
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Боярский, А. А., Ю. А. Аржанников, and И. А. Панин. "RESOURCES OF UNDERGROWTH FRUIT PLANTS IN PINE AND BIRCH FORESTS OF THE SOUTHERN TAIGA SUBZONE OF THE SVERDLOVSK REGION." Леса России и хозяйство в них, no. 4(79) (January 17, 2022): 40–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.51318/fret.2021.62.47.002.
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В статье представлены результаты изучения ресурсов дикорастущих плодовых растений подлеска сосновых и берёзовых насаждений южно-уральской таёжной зоны Свердловской области. В качестве основного показателя характеристики запасов было выбрано количество экземпляров на гектаре (густота). Кроме того, определялась текущая биологическая урожайность плодов в год наблюдения. Данные были получены на 28 пробных площадях в пяти наиболее распространённых в районе исследования типах леса. Для размещения пробных площадей подбирались наиболее типичные для района исследования насаждения различного возраста, происхождения, состава древостоя, относительной полноты и других таксационных показателей. Плодовые растения подлеска представлены 8 видами. Это рябина обыкновенная Sorbus aucupatia L., малина обыкновенная Rubus idaeus L., черёмуха обыкновенная Pronus padus L., облепиха крушиновидная Hippophae rhamnoides L., яблоня Malus P. Mill, боярышник кроваво-красный Crataegus sanguinea Pall. и ирга овальная Melanchier rotundifolia Dum. Cours. Лесопокрытые площади района исследования характеризуются низкими запасами плодов дикорастущих растений подлеска. Они непригодны для организации промышленного сбора. Совокупная урожайность плодовых растений подлеска всех видов на заложенных ПП не превышает 36,0 кг/га. The article presents results of studying of resources of wild fruit plants of undergrowth of pine and birch plantations of the south ural taiga zone of the Sverdlovsk region. The number of specimens per hectare (density) was chosen as the main indicator of stock characteristics. In addition, the current biological yield of fruits in the year of observation was determined. Data were obtained on 28 test areas inve most common types of forest in area of study. To place sample areas, most typical plantings of various age, origin, composition of the stand, relative completeness and other taxation indicators were selected for study area. The fruit plants of understory are represented by 8 species: mountain ash Sorbus aucupatia L., raspberry Rubus idaeus L., bird cherry Pronus padus L., sea buckthorn buckthorn Hippophae rhamnoides L., apple Malus P. Mill, hawthorn Crataegus sanguinea Pall. and irga oval Melanchier rotundifolia Dum.Cours. The forested areas of the research area are characterized by low stocks of fruits of wild plants of the understory. They are not suitable for the organization of industrial collection. The total yield of fruit plants of undergrowth of all types on the laid PP does not exceed 36.0 kg/ha.