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Albright, Jack L. "Talking birds." Applied Animal Behaviour Science 45, no. 3-4 (November 1995): 315–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-1591(95)90007-1.
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Boran, Pat. "Talking Birds & Brodsky." New Hibernia Review 26, no. 1 (March 2022): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/nhr.2022.0001.
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Benziman. "Talking Birds and Talking to Birds: Transcending the Child in Barnaby Rudge." Dickens Studies Annual 52, no. 1 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/dickstudannu.52.1.0001.
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THORPE, W. H. "TALKING BIRDS AND THE MODE OF ACTION OF THE VOCAL APPARATUS OF BIRDS." Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 132, no. 3 (August 20, 2009): 441–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1959.tb05530.x.
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Bradshaw, GA. "You see me, but do you hear me? The science and sensibility of trans-species dialogue." Feminism & Psychology 20, no. 3 (August 2010): 407–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959353510368285.
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Talking with animals comes naturally and happens the world over. Traditional indigenous peoples depend on their abilities to understand the birds, grazers, and hunters who share their land and waters and we converse intimately with the dogs, cats, birds, and other animals with whom we live. Nonetheless, science and society cast a skeptical eye on claims that animals think and communicate on par with humans. Now, this view is changing. We have entered into a remarkable new ethical and psychological consilience as scientific theories and data converge with age-old experience. Communicating with animals — hearing what they are saying and talking with them — is not only possible, it has never stopped.
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Blythe, Barbara. "Petronius’ Talking Birds: Mimicry and Death in the Cena Trimalchionis." Classical Philology 115, no. 1 (January 2020): 47–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/706448.
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MA, Kabir. "Management of Northern Hill Myna Gracula Religiosa Intermedia in Cage for Talking." Journal of Ethology & Animal Science 2, no. 1 (January 9, 2019): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/jeasc-16000106.
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Before the wildlife act in Bangladesh, the first line hobby of bird keeping was Hill Myna. That time most luxurious people reared it for their man-like nice talking. Its price was huge. Hill Myna is our native bird. So, now for strong wildlife act pet of the Hill Myna is not accepted. Recently, many birds collected from Dhaka Kataban and released them in Lawachara National Park, Sylhet, Bangladesh. Now in Bangladesh this Hill Myna is replaced by exotic parrots, parakeets, cockatoos, macaws, and lovebirds etc.
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Sánchez Jiménez, Antonio, and José Ramón Carriazo Ruiz. "«Pájaros dorilos» and other talking birds: an intertextual reference in «La Arcadia»." Anuario Lope de Vega Texto literatura cultura 23 (January 26, 2017): 575. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/anuariolopedevega.205.
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M, Ashraful Kabir. "Inbreeding Fact of Exotic Wild Psittacids in Bangladesh." Journal of Ethology & Animal Science 2, no. 2 (May 24, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/jeasc-16000114.
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Captive breeding of short-tailed parrots (4) and long-tailed parakeets (16) out of 20 species were remarkable. These colourful birds were very nice in common appearance. Casual cages were used for their breeding especially for smaller birds. Parrots and parakeets are mainly reared as hobby and due to remarkable production and public acceptance only budgies are commercially abundant in Bangladesh. Parrot, Parakeet, mutated form of Ring-necked Parakeet, Lorikeet, Lovebird, Budgie, Conure, Rosella, Amazon Parrot, Cockatiel, and Cockatoo are common in all pet shop. In aviary, Budgie rearing is common then Lovebird, Cockatiel, and Macaw. Psittacids breeding accessories and its care are more complicated and vary from species to species. In breeding season most of the birds are shown aggressiveness to their pair and human too. Colourful feather, huge variety, nice voice, activeness and for talking ability these birds are excellent pet. Mortality rate of parrots and parakeets were found high. This study was performed in the year 2019
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Morris, Carol, and Amanda Wragg. "Talking about the Birds and the Bees: Biodiversity Claims Making at the Local Level." Environmental Values 12, no. 1 (February 1, 2003): 71–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3197/096327103129341234.
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Morris, Carol, and Amanda Wragg. "Talking about the Birds and the Bees: Biodiversity Claims Making at the Local Level." Environmental Values 12, no. 1 (February 2003): 71–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096327190301200105.
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This paper adopts a social constructionist perspective to examine how the biodiversity ‘claim’ is constructed and contested at local level. A framework is deployed which is based on Hannigan's (1995) ideas that certain factors need to be present for an environmental claim to be legitimised within the international arena (i.e. scientific authority; popularisers; media coverage; symbolic and visual dramatisation; economic incentives and institutional sponsorship). Empirical research into the production and implementation of Oxfordshire's Biodiversity Action Plan and Farm Biodiversity Action Plans in England and Scotland is used as a vehicle to explore the legitimisation of the biodiversity claim at the local scale. The two strands of research highlight the current importance of biodiversity as a focus for environmental planning partnerships (although the extent of public ‘buy-in’ to the claim is unclear) and the way in which biodiversity as a ‘buzzword’ has been adopted by farmers with some reluctance and mainly for financial reasons. There is strong evidence that the scientific basis of the claim is crucial in terms of engendering support, and that the rhetoric employed at the local level is positive rather than a ‘rhetoric of loss’. However, the need for further popularisation of the biodiversity issue is identified. Potential future lines of research enquiry are also outlined.
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Rhodes, Alice. "Radical Birdcalls: Avian Voices and the Politics of the Involuntary." Essays in Romanticism 27, no. 2 (October 1, 2020): 101–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/eir.2020.27.2.2.
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This essay investigates Romantic-era treatments of bird calls as “unpremeditated”, spontaneous, and involuntary. Looking at parrots, starlings, mockingbirds, gamecocks, and skylarks in the work of writers including John Thelwall, Percy Shelley, Thomas Beddoes, and Helen Maria Williams, I explore the way in which talking and singing birds are often understood through reference to materialist philosophy and the associationism of David Hartley. Taking Thelwall’s King Chaunticlere and John Gilpin’s Ghost, and Shelley’s ‘To a Sky-Lark’ and A Defence of Poetry as my main focus, I argue that these writers use materialist metaphors of unconscious avian utterance to make nuanced claims about the seemingly ambiguous role of the will in political speech.
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Hirsch, Jack William. "Opioid-Induced Doctor Dolittle Phenomenon." CNS Spectrums 28, no. 2 (April 2023): 233–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852923001608.
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AbstractBackgroundThe Doctor Dolittle delusion, of animals conversing with the sufferer, has not heretofore been reported to occur with heroin intoxication.MethodsThis 23-year-old right-handed single male used heroin daily since the age of 19. For 2 years prior to presentation, 1 hour after injecting at least one bag of heroin IV, he developed hallucinations of animals talking to him. The voices would occur simultaneously with moving their mouths. Dogs would bark, cats would meow, and birds would squawk his name. Insects would engage him in friendly conversation. Different pitches of voice were produced from each animal; birds were high-pitched; squirrels, insects, and cats were lower-pitched; dogs were medium-pitched. As his intoxication resolved, the hallucinations also evaporated.ResultsMental Status Examination: Oriented x 1, able to recall five digits forwards and three digits backwards. Able to remember none of four objects in 3 minutes without reinforcement and three with reinforcement. Able to spell the word “world” forwards but not backwards.DiscussionThe hallucination of animals talking, coincident with their mouths moving, articulating the words, associated with intoxication with high doses of heroin, with resolution with elimination of heroin, suggests opioid intoxication is the causative factor. The mechanism of zoopsia in Parkinson’s disease has been attributed to dysfunction of the inferior longitudinal and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculi which relay visual information from the occipital cortex to the temporal and the orbitofrontal cortices. Heroin may have induced cortical inhibition, disinhibiting such pathways and thus facilitating these hallucinations. The simultaneous congruent auditory and visual hallucinations suggests a central origin of these, controlling both the auditory and visual system, such as the left superior and middle temporal gyrus, or possibly the cerebellar vermis. What is unique about the current description is that multiple animal and insect species were involved, and that the pitch of their voice was species specific (high-pitched in birds, and low-pitched in rodents and insects). The pitch may reflect the individual’s personal hedonics towards the type of animal or the individual’s interpretations of mass media’s representation of these animals (i.e., cartoons of Looney Toons high-pitched Tweety Bird or Disney’s low-pitched Jiminy Cricket). While it is possibly due to the opioids themselves, heroin is frequently adulterated with fillers which may contain hallucinogenic properties, any of which may have been the pathogenic factor. Autophobia, or the need for social contact, may be the nidus motivating such communicative anthropomorphism. Query as to the presence of such Doctor Dolittle hallucinations in those with heroin or other intoxicants may be revealing.FundingNo Funding
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Heidari, Fatemeh, and Seyed Reza Hosseini. "A Comparative Study of the Talking Tree Motif in Persian Versions of Qazvini’s Wonders of Creation (Ajā’ib al-makhlūqāt wa gharā’ib al-mawjūdāt)." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Arts 11, no. 2 (2021): 288–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu15.2021.207.
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A tree is one of the most beautiful creations in the world. The development of mythical concepts and the prevalence of some beliefs about it have led to certain connotations and the emergence of specific beliefs in human thought. Among trees, there is the talking tree (Waqwaq), which has a long history and has been mentioned in various books, including reliable geographic sources such as Qazvini’s the Wonders of Creation. The article examines the pictorial motif of talking tree in the Persian version of Qazvini’s Wonders of Creation and considers the similarities and differences of its presentation in Persian versions as well as the origin of its aesthetic principles. The results of the research show that all versions have human heads or a statue on the tree. Among them, the Wonders of Creation 1816 AD has a female motif and depicts a female statue on the tree. The head motif in the Wonders of Creation of 1550–1560 AD is male and illustrates masculine statues on the tree. The head motif in the Wonders of Creation 1566 AD, the Wonders of Creation of the 16 century AD, the Wonders of Creation 1651 AD and the Wonders of Creation 1695 AD and the two heads in the Wonders of Creation 1822 AD was male and only depict human heads on the tree, not the full body. In some versions, in addition to human heads, animal heads are also portrayed on the tree. What is interesting is the presence of the head of legendary animals and birds such as Dragon and Simurgh.
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Lee, Hsiao Mun, Heow Pueh Lee, and Zhiyang Liu. "Acoustical Environment Studies in the Modern Urban University Campuses." Acoustics 4, no. 1 (January 7, 2022): 14–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/acoustics4010002.
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The quality of the acoustic environments at Xi’an Jiatong-Liverpool University (XJTLU) and Soochow University (Dushuhu Campus, SUDC) in Suzhou City were investigated in the present work through real-time noise level measurements and questionnaire surveys. Before commencing the measurements and surveys, these two campuses’ sound sources were summarized and classified into four categories through on-site observation: human-made, machinery, living creatures, and natural physical sounds. For the zones near the main traffic road, with a high volume of crowds and surrounded by a park, sound from road vehicles, humans talking, and birds/insects were selected by the interviewees as the major sound sources, respectively. Only zone 3 (near to a park) at XJTLU could be classified as A zone (noise level < 55 dBA) with an excellent quality acoustical environment. All other zones had either good or average quality acoustical environments, except zone 1 (near to main traffic road) at XJTLU, with a fair-quality acoustical environment.
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Rey-Gozalo, Guillermo, David Montes-González, Juan Miguel Barrigón Morillas, Rosendo Vílchez-Gómez, and Carlos Iglesias-Merchan. "Analysis of the effect of noise on the users of urban green areas according to their activity." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 268, no. 4 (November 30, 2023): 4961–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2023_0704.
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A high number of international studies focus on the study of the sound environments of urban green areas given their contribution, from urban planning, in reducing the level and improving the quality of sounds. These areas often have other sound sources different from road traffic, for example, birds, water sources, and which usually positively contribute to the perception of users and residents near these areas. However, these parks do not always have an adequate size or location. Therefore, users are also exposed to road noise. The relationship between the effect of noise and the activity carried out by the users is analysed in this study in different green areas of the city of Cáceres, Spain. The results show that the impact of noise is lower among users who frequently engage in physical activities in both large and small parks. However, relaxation activities require a higher quality of the sound environment. Walking and talking are the most common activities among users in both parks, and they are positively correlated. The effects of noise are more significant in these activities in smaller parks.
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Meyer, Julien. "Bioacoustics of human whistled languages: an alternative approach to the cognitive processes of language." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 76, no. 2 (June 2004): 406–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652004000200033.
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Whistled languages are a valuable heritage of human culture. This paper gives a first survey about a new multidisciplinary approach to these languages. Previous studies on whistled equivalents of languages have already documented that they can provide significant information about the role of rhythm and melody in language. To substantiate this, most whistles are represented by modulations of frequency, centered around 2000 Hz (±1000 Hz) and often reach a loudness of about 130 dB (measured at 1m from the source). Their transmission range can reach up to 10 km (as verified in La Gomera, Canary Island), and the messages can remain understandable, even if the signal is deteriorated. In some cultures the use of whistled language is associated with some "talking musical instruments" (e.g. flutes, guitars, harps, gongs, drums, khens). Finally, whistles as a means of conveying information have some analogues in the animal kingdom (e.g. some birds, cetaceans, primates), providing opportunities to compare the acoustic characteristics of the respective signals. With such properties as a reference, the project reported here has two major tasks: to further elucidate the many facets of whistled language and, above all, help to immediately stop the process of its gradual disappearance.
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Vani, Christina. "Talking Animals “Talking” with Animals in Elsa Morante’s La Storia // Animales hablantes que “hablan” con otros animales en La Historia de Elsa Morante." Ecozon@: European Journal of Literature, Culture and Environment 7, no. 1 (June 15, 2016): 42–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.37536/ecozona.2016.7.1.978.
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In this essay, I explore the representations of spoken language by animals in La Storia by Elsa Morante. Furthermore, I seek to examine the ways in which humans, namely little Useppe, express themselves with animals and interpret what is said, but I also seek to discover what elements may predispose Useppe to be privy to code-sharing with these creatures of other species. While the interactions in this tragic novel are mainly between humans, it is worthwhile to consider the relationship between Useppe and birds, canines, equines, and felines. He acts as a type of intermediary between the species, though I venture to say that he shares more in common with animals than with humans: “Useppe rimaneva del tutto estraneo, e inconsapevole, come un cucciolo ingabbiato in una fiera” (Morante 458; “Useppe remained completely estranged, and unaware, like a puppy caged and put on display” [translation my own]), like a child raised amongst wolves. Since my research examines interspecies communication, I have used zoosemiotics as a starting point. My main focus, then, will be on how Morante successfully employs zoosemiotic notions to make the “spoken” as well as gesticulative communication of the animal reflect the animal’s temperament and emotional nature—even as a synecdoche for the archetype of the animal proper—and interpretable by the human interlocutor. That is, through implicit knowledge of zoosemiotics, these symbols are not just interpreted by Useppe but answered using a mutually decipherable code. In this way, Morante illuminates the profound relationships between humans and animals, relationships that are sustained due to the myriad means by which interspecies communication, compassion, and cooperation intersect and flourish in this novel. Resumen En este artículo, exploro las representaciones del lenguaje hablado por los animales en La historia de la escritora italiana Elsa Morante. Además, quiero examinar los modos en los que los humanos, el niño Useppe en particular, se expresan con los animales e interpretan lo que estos últimos les dicen, pero quiero también descubrir qué elementos hacen que Useppe esté predispuesto a poder compartir códigos con criaturas de otra especie. Mientras que las interacciones en esta novela trágica son, en la mayor parte, entre humanos, es importante considerar las relaciones entre Useppe y algunos pájaros, caninos, equinos y felinos. Él actúa como una especie de intermediario entre las especies, aunque me aventuro a plantear que tiene más en común con los animales que no con los seres humanos: “Useppe rimaneva del tutto estraneo, e inconsapevole, come un cucciolo ingabbiato in una fiera” (Morante 458; “Useppe permanecía completamente extraño, e ignorante, como un cachorro enjaulado en una exposición” [traducción mía]), como un niño que fue criado por lobos. Ya que mis investigaciones examinan la comunicación interespecie, utilicé la zoosemiótica como punto de partida. Me concentro, entonces, en la manera en que Morante emplea con éxito unas nociones zoosemióticas para que lo que “dicen” los animales, tanto como con la voz como con las acciones, refleje el temperamento y la naturaleza emocional de estos—incluso como una sinécdoque del arquetipo del animal propio—y hace que el humano pueda interpretarlos. Es decir, a través de conocimientos implícitos de la zoosemiótica, Useppe no solamente interpreta estos símbolos sino que responde con un código descifrable por él y los animales con los cuales se comunica. De este modo, Morante ilumina las relaciones profundas entre humanos y animales, relaciones que se sostienen a causa de los medios con los cuales la comunicación, la compasión y la cooperación entre especie se entrecruzan y florecen en la novela.
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Kravchenko, N. "BIRD HUNTING IN THE EASTERN PART OF THE COMMONWEALTH IN THE LIGHT OF NARRATIVE SOURSES OF THE 16TH – 17TH CENTURIES." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. History, no. 152-153 (2022): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2640.2022.152-153.4.
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The article analyzes bird hunting in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the light of such sources as treatises and diaries; some of them have also left their impression on the history of literature. Depending on their subject, hunting as such or merely bird hunting (as its branch) are represented completely or fragmentarily in these sources. Owing to hunting treatises as the main source in the context of this study, it is possible to reconstruct the technical level of development in this area at the time mentioned. These sources are relevant in terms of researching the knowledge about avifauna of the time, habits of its representatives, behavior, breeding season (during that period it was recommended to limit hunting). The latter is a manifestation of a pragmatic attitude to this resource, awareness of its value, which can also be interpreted as a primary manifestation of environmental awareness. A small number of the analyzed sources relate to the Ukrainian lands in particular. However, due to the similarity of landscapes and the conservatism of hunting practices, Polish examples can sometimes be illustrative. In the memoirs of this period hunting is represented from a different angle than that of the treatises – as part of everyday life at that time. Given that hunting chase was considered the best way for elites to hunt as a form of military training, bird hunting was inconspicuous. It was often a craft of poor servants, so it is visible in diaries from another angle – as a source of new gastronomic experiences. Most often we are talking about baked partridges and blackbirds, capercaillie, bustard, quail, etc.; the use of smaller birds is known mainly due to rare mentions. In the diaries, dedicated to the diplomatic missions to other countries and diplomatic receptions, the birds of prey, along with expensive sable furs can often be found in the lists of prestigious gifts. A spin-off manifestation of the popularity of hunting was the emergence of hunting sayings.
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Shaw, W. David. "Lyric Displacement in the Victorian Monologue: Naturalizing the Vocative." Nineteenth-Century Literature 52, no. 3 (December 1, 1997): 302–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2933997.
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Though a venerable lyric tradition of apostrophizing the breeze, the dawn, or the nightingale celebrates the Romantic poet's words of power, only inmates of mental hospitals actually talk to birds, trees, or doors-much less to holes in a wall, as Pound's speaker does in "Marvoil." This essay shows how Victorian dramatic monologues substitute human auditors for nonhuman ones in an effort to naturalize a convention that nineteenth-century poets find increasingly obsolete and archaic. Instead of talking to the dawn, Tennyson's Tithonus addresses a beautiful woman, the goddess who becomes the silent auditor of his dramatic monologue. Like Coleridge's conversation poems, Browning's and Tennyson's monologues are poems of one-sided conversation in which a speaker's address to a silent auditor replaces Shelley's vocatives of direct address to the west wind or Keat's apostrophes to autumn. In recuperating an archaic convention of lyric apostrophe by humanizing the object addressed, the Victorian dramatic monologue illustrates John Keble's theory of the mechanisms by which genres are disturbed, displaced, and transformed. The dramatic monologue becomes an ascendant genre in post-Romantic literature partly because it is better equipped than lyric poetry to oppose the dogmas of a secular and scientific age in which an antiquated belief in "doing-by-saying" (including a belief in oracles, prophecies, and knowledge as divination) is in rapid and widespread retreat.
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Szkopiecka, Aleksandra, Joanna Patrycja Wyrwa, Grzegorz Chrobak, Iga Kołodyńska, and Szymon Szewrański. "Perceived Restorative Potential of Urban Parks by Citizens—A Case Study from Wrocław, Poland." Sustainability 15, no. 10 (May 11, 2023): 7912. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15107912.
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Providing restorative green areas is important, especially in the city, where the level of stress and noise is relatively high. Therefore, green areas, such as urban parks, should provide coherent audio–visual stimuli to achieve positive perception by the residents. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the potential for psychological regeneration in urban parks in terms of visual and soundscape assessment as well as to assess the role of the intensity of different types of sound contributing to the positive perception of the soundscape. In order to achieve this aim, we chose eight urban parks in the city of Wrocław to provide audio and visual stimuli and used a group of young adults as survey respondents. The results show that visual stimuli are perceived as undoubtedly more important than the soundscape, and that talking, footsteps, music, children (playing), birds, and vehicles are the most significant types of sound that contribute to the perception of soundscape depending on the level of intensity of the sound (with children and vehicles being beneficial if they are completely inaudible). We conclude that the quality of the soundscape is essential to improve the restorative potential of urban parks and, in consequence, to improve the well-being and health of the city dwellers, and there is a necessity for strategies and development plans including sensually coherent and inclusive public parks in the city of Wrocław.
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Portnova, Irina V. "Research of the Phenomenon of Animalistic Art in the Works of Foreign and Russian Authors." Observatory of Culture 20, no. 4 (September 22, 2023): 418–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/2072-3156-2023-20-4-418-429.
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The article considers animalistic art as a significant historical and artistic phenomenon, which has become a field of research of foreign and Russian authors. The article analyses important questions concerning the specificity of animalistics and related reflections of world outlook. The author discusses moral issues, asks the question about the role of animals in human history, notes the negative results of the consumerist attitude of man to wildlife and, in this regard, the need for a positive and careful attitude to it. The reader’s attention is drawn to animalistic art as a fertile sphere of influence on human feelings and thoughts, especially in the era of global change. The position of the artist, researcher, looking at and studying the world of living nature is revealed. In this aspect the historical stratum of separate epochs is emphasized, in which the figurative nature of animals and in it the qualities of iconicity, symbol as identifying, concentrated meanings are vividly revealed. The first group of questions considers animalistic art from an educational point of view, allowing us to look at the images of animals and birds from the position of a scholar, study. The second group is related to the method of work of the animalist artist, revealing the peculiarities of the genre. The worldview aspect, determined by the artists’ views on the animal world, is inseparable from the pictorial aspect, i.e. the embodiment of animals and birds in the artistic image. This aspect also implies a conversation about the specificity of animalistics, which in the works of Russian researchers found a clear and precise expression. The relevance of the topic is denoted by the importance of talking about the problems of ecology, which have acquired a pronounced character in the modern world. This universal concept of preservation of the natural world, which has become universal, has opened a new layer of significance of animalistic art. At the present stage, when the main principle — the relationship between man and nature — is being reassessed, the reference to the world of animals, including in the historical and artistic aspect, acquires high significance.
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Isomura, Takuya, Thomas Parr, and Karl Friston. "Bayesian Filtering with Multiple Internal Models: Toward a Theory of Social Intelligence." Neural Computation 31, no. 12 (December 2019): 2390–431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco_a_01239.
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To exhibit social intelligence, animals have to recognize whom they are communicating with. One way to make this inference is to select among internal generative models of each conspecific who may be encountered. However, these models also have to be learned via some form of Bayesian belief updating. This induces an interesting problem: When receiving sensory input generated by a particular conspecific, how does an animal know which internal model to update? We consider a theoretical and neurobiologically plausible solution that enables inference and learning of the processes that generate sensory inputs (e.g., listening and understanding) and reproduction of those inputs (e.g., talking or singing), under multiple generative models. This is based on recent advances in theoretical neurobiology—namely, active inference and post hoc (online) Bayesian model selection. In brief, this scheme fits sensory inputs under each generative model. Model parameters are then updated in proportion to the probability that each model could have generated the input (i.e., model evidence). The proposed scheme is demonstrated using a series of (real zebra finch) birdsongs, where each song is generated by several different birds. The scheme is implemented using physiologically plausible models of birdsong production. We show that generalized Bayesian filtering, combined with model selection, leads to successful learning across generative models, each possessing different parameters. These results highlight the utility of having multiple internal models when making inferences in social environments with multiple sources of sensory information.
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Ross, Don. "Quining Qualia Quine's Way." Dialogue 32, no. 3 (1993): 439–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0012217300012257.
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Thanks largely to Daniel Dennett, I am a recent convert to what many will regard as the shocking hypothesis that qualia do not exist. This admission is not quite a confident sighting of that rarest of philosophical birds, an unequivocally sound and valid argument. For one thing, I have, like many, been frustrated by and suspicious of philosophers' use of qualia for some time, and have often wished them dead (the qualia, not the philosophers); so I was an easy mark. More to the point, I was persuaded by Dennett without being persuaded by his arguments. This is not intended as a confession of a Kirkegaardian penchant for preferring to believe the conclusions of bad arguments. Dennett enabled me finally to kick qualia out of my private (now public) ontology by providing, in the later sections of his “Quining Qualia” (Dennett 1988), an alternative conceptual vocabulary for talking about the contents of perceptual and reflective experience that genuinely makes no appeal, surreptitious or otherwise, to qualia. Furthermore, Dennett's most general motivations for banishing qualia—the convictions that there is no compelling evidence for them, that they serve no reliable explanatory purpose and that the hypothesis of their non-existence dissolves some otherwise wrenching philosophical dilemmas—are the right ones, and his paper made this clear to me. However, I feel the need to quine qualia again for myself, because I want them to stay dead, and am afraid that, due to some infelicities in his argument, Dennett has only wounded them.
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Smirnova, Alla A., Ivan V. Leonov, and Igor V. Kirillov. "«Suffering» artifact as a phenomenon of culture: balancing between life and death." Yaroslavl Pedagogical Bulletin 2, no. 125 (2022): 187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.20323/1813-145x-2022-2-125-187-195.
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The article is devoted to the analysis of an extensive group of artifacts that belong to the so-called «suffering» ones. We are talking about monuments that are perceived as being on the verge of death, balancing between life and death. A general characteristic of the peculiarities of the perception of cultural heritage monuments as «suffering» is given — which is largely based on archetypal manifestations of the human psyche. Special attention is paid to the phenomenon of «falling» bell towers and towers, which constitute one of the most significant subgroups of «balancing» artifacts; the phenomenon of the Leaning Tower of Pisa is particularly considered. Examples of conscious use of the «fall» factor in modern architectural works are given. The phenomenon of using the «balancing» effect artifacts between life and death in various directions and genres of modern art (in particular in sculptures by E. Kendziora) is touched upon. The fragility factor of some jewellry is analyzed. Attention is paid to the phenomenon of using fragile and short-lived materials (ice, sand, glass, paper, eggshells, rice grains, pencil pencils, feathers of various birds, butterfly wings, etc.) when creating objects of historical and cultural heritage. Artifacts that are included in the group of «liminal» due to the impact of the unfavorable natural environment (for example, St.-Petersburg and Venice) and anthropogenic factors are also considered. The question of correlation of the phenomenon of suffering with the authenticity of monuments is touched upon — which gives rise to a largely paradoxical situation of correlation of a certain ailment with the form and value-semantic aura of the monument. The variability of creative strategies from the point of view of ensuring the longevity of the work is fixed. The text contains a fairly extensive number of certain historical examples of the perception of artifacts as «balancing» between life and death.
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Sudardi, Bani. "Narratives in Javanese Farmer Batik." Jurnal Javanologi 5, no. 2 (February 21, 2023): 1062. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/javanologi.v5i2.67950.
Full textAbstract:
When batik grows in a rural environment, the batik is also colored by the values that exist in rural areas. Batik is never out of the nuances of the wearer. Although cursory the same, batik outside the palace still voiced his own dreams and hopes. Batik palace voiced legitimacy and power. Batik outside the palace, especially batik called as farmer's batik. Therefore, farmers' batik represents its own voice from the structure of Javanese society. There are any new narratives in the Javanese farmer batik. This research uses descriptive method. The subject of the study was described to find the value of ideologies’ and narrative in farmer's batik. Data sources include artifact, social facts, and interview results. It was then processed to get the perfect description. The farmer's batik expresses the hope of a glorious life. Therefore, although there is sido mukti batik, but sidomulya more popular in the countryside because of these expectations. The atmosphere of the forest gave rise to a motif of reason-the reason for the voices of the wooded countryside. The forest is a symbol of complete perfection of self-sufficient life. Batik farmers raised by removing the ban pattern so that there is no collision with batik kraton. Batik farmers are batik rural people who want to live peacefully with nature and the environment. Inside were typical village scenery like rice, algae, rustic plants, small birds, butterflies, and others. Often also raised snakes in the form of bonfires called "buketan naga wisikan" bouquet of dragons that are talking. Narrative contained in peasant batik is not a complete narrative. The message conveyed is a message of peace. A peaceful rural atmosphere is reflected in the emerging motives. This is in keeping with the cool rural conditions of peace and still many animals adorn life.
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Woo-Durand, Catherine, Jean-Michel Matte, Grace Cuddihy, Chloe L. McGourdji, Oscar Venter, and James W. A. Grant. "Increasing importance of climate change and other threats to at-risk species in Canada." Environmental Reviews 28, no. 4 (December 2020): 449–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/er-2020-0032.
Full textAbstract:
In a previous analysis, six major threats to at-risk species in Canada were quantified: habitat loss, introduced species, over-exploitation, pollution, native species interactions, and natural causes (O. Venter et al. 2006. Bioscience, 56(11): 903–910). Because of rapid environmental change in Canada and an enhanced understanding of the drivers of species endangerment, we updated the 2005 analysis and tested for changes in threats up until the end of 2018. We also expanded the scope to acknowledge climate change as a seventh major threat to species, given its increasing importance for reshaping biological communities. Using information on the COSEWIC (Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada) website, we scored the threats for each of 814 species. Habitat loss remained the most important anthropogenic threat to Canada’s at-risk species, affecting 82% of species, followed by over-exploitation (47%), introduced species (46%), and pollution (35%). Climate change was the least important threat, affecting only 13% of species. However, report writers used less certain language when talking about climate change compared with other threats, so when we included cases where climate change was listed as a probable or future cause, climate change was the fourth most important anthropogenic threat, affecting some 38% of species. The prevalence of threat categories was broadly similar to those for the United States and IUCN listed species. The taxa most affected by climate change included lichens (77%), birds (63%), marine mammals (60%), and Arctic species of all taxa (79%), whereas vascular plants (23%), marine fishes (24%), arthropods (27%), and non-Arctic species (35%) were least affected. A paired analysis of the 188 species with two or more reports indicated that any mention of climate change as a threat increased from 12% to 50% in 10 years. Other anthropogenic threats that have increased significantly over time in the paired analysis included introduced species, over-exploitation, and pollution. Our analysis suggests that threats are changing rapidly over time, emphasizing the need to monitor future trends of all threats, including climate change.
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Petrova, Mariia. "Collision with a Thing as a Collision with Other in G. Ayurzana’s Novel “Their Shadows are Taller Than Our Souls”." Бюллетень Калмыцкого научного центра Российской академии наук, no. 1 (May 15, 2024): 234–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2587-6503-2024-1-29-234-244.
Full textAbstract:
Article examines the work by G. Ayurzana (b. 1970), one of the most popular and read authors in modern Mongolia. His creative range is very wide: from postmodernism to magical realism, from psychological detective stories to historical novels. In 2021, G. Ayurzana’s new novel “Their Shadows are Taller than Our Souls” (“Тэдний сүүдэр бидний сэтгэлээс урт”) was released. This time the author turned to science fiction genre. In Mongolia, classic science fiction works by J. Verne, A. Tolstoy, A. Azimov, S. Lem, and Strugatsky brothers have been translated and are popular among readers. In modern Mongolian literature this genre begins to develop in the 1940s 20thcentury. Fantastic ones include L. Tudev’s story “Eternal Flame (”Мөнхийн гал”), J. Gal’s novel “The Secret of the Crystal Mirror”(“Болортолийн нууц”), D. Darzha’s novel “Journey to Distant Worlds”(“Алс холын ертөнцөд жуулчилсан нь”). The title of G. Ayurzana’s novel is a quote from the famous hit of the British rock band Led Zeppelin “Stairway to Heaven”, which appeared in the 1970s. This is a deep philosophical text by Robert Plant about the illusory nature of our world, about vain hopes and unrealistic expectations. The bird — a black jackdaw with a red beak — becomes the center of the narrative in the novel “Their Shadows are Taller than Our Souls.” This is due, among other things, to the mythopoetic tradition of the nomads of Central Asia, which endowed birds with special properties. The image of a talking paper bird is present in the famous surgaal teaching of the poet and religious educator of the 19th century D. Ravzha (1803–1856). However, does the main character encounter a bird on the first page of the novel? No, the hero of the novel meets not with a living bird, but with a cybernetic organism created back in 1984 at the dawn of the microprocessor era in one of the scientific laboratories of the Soviet Union. From the moment a microchip is implanted into the brain, the bird becomes a cyborg, a thing, something else. The author directly raises the problem of otherness in the real world. The hero’s encounter with this thing — the encounter with the other — plays a key role in the entire fantasy novel.
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Портнова, Ирина. "Russian Animalier Art in the XVIII- XIX Centuries in the Context of European Schools: The Origins and Nature of Development." Space and Culture, India 9, no. 1 (June 24, 2021): 50–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.20896/saci.v9i1.1135.
Full textAbstract:
This study delves into the process of development of Russian animal art of the 18th-19th Centuries. The primary purpose of the research was to make a review of these two historical periods, which determined the typical features of the early and mature periods of development of animal art in Russia—the time of the birth and development of the genre. According to the author, genre issues are important, and talking about it is necessary to define the image of the animalistic nature in all its specificity. In addition, it is noted that researchers do not characterise the stage of early Animalism, which first appeared in the 18th Century, sufficiently. Nevertheless, this genre has demonstrated all the love of artists for the real perception of the natural world and their sincere will to create its truthful and reliable reflection in their works. This tendency is typical for Western European Art. At the same time, it has been explicitly expressed in the works of Russian animal artists. Compared with European Animal Art of the 17th-18th Centuries, Russian ‘Kunstkammer drawing’ and how the class of ‘animal and birds’ was organised looked like a real innovation. These two factors have contributed to the creation of a full-fledged animalistic image. The author underlines that the main principle of imitation of nature was at the basis of teaching in the Russian school. It eventually led to the formation of the genre with its complex, distinctive features. These unique features was observed in the animal art of the 19th Century, mainly in the form of hippique images.
Nevertheless, there was an attempt to combine two separated historical periods— the 18th and 19th Centuries, which demonstrated different images, approaches (animal naturalia of the 18th Century and horse characters of the 19th Century). The author, here, tends to talk about Russian Animalism of the 19th Century, one of the most explored ones. Doing so underlines the importance of animal art of the two periods as a historically conditioned cultural phenomenon in the relationship between genres of Fine Art and trends of the time. The historical and artistic method made it possible to identify the connection between these two eras in which Animalism was expressed significantly. Its originality is that it combined two diverse eras into one national whole.
Submitted: December 20, 2020; Revised: 12 February 2021; Accepted: 8 April 2021
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Karyakin, I. V., E. G. Nikolenko, and E. P. Shnayder. "Current status of the Saker Falcon in Russia and Kazakhstan." Raptors Conservation, no. 2 (2023): 450–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.19074/1814-8654-2023-2-450-458.
Full textAbstract:
The range and abundance of Saker Falcon (Falco cherrug) in Russia and Kazakhstan are systematically declining. It is no exaggeration to say that the Saker Falcon is by far the most endangered raptor species in the Palaearctic. A compilation of literature data shows the species’ estimated abundance in 1970s Russia was at least 9,000–10,000 pairs (Galushin, 2004; Karyakin, 2008), while it appears over 15,000 pairs nested in Kazakhstan – in the 1990s their abundance there was estimated at 5,218 (4,808–5,628) pairs. In 2003, total abundance in Russia (without Crimea) was estimated at 2,520 (2,115–2,925), and in 2004 there were 2,108–2,915 nesting sites (Karyakin et al., 2005). By 2010, Saker Falcon abundance in Crimea was estimated at 163–181 pairs (Milobog et al., 2010). Between 2004 and 2018, the species completely stopped nesting in the near Volga River area region in the Southern Urals and largely disappeared in Western Siberia lowlands. By 2014, Saker Falcon abundance was estimated to be 1,869 (1,628–2,197) pairs in Russia, and by 2018 1,530–1,925 pairs, of which 1,103–1,216 pairs nested in the Altai-Sayan region (ASR), 185–230 pairs in the Baikal region, 72–264 pairs in Dauria, and 145–184 pairs in the Republic of Crimea (Karyakin et al., 2006; 2011; 2018; Karyakin, Nikolenko, 2015). The most prosperous Russian population of Saker Falcon is in the ASR, where regular monitoring of the species occurs. Their abundance has decreased by 43% over 20 years (Karyakin et al., 2018). If at the end of the 1990s 2,056 (1,962–2,150) pairs were thought to nest in the ASR, by 2019 there were just 1,130 (1,076–1,179) pairs. However, compared to other territories, the species’ situation in the ASR can viewed favorably. On the Crimean Peninsula, the Saker Falcon’s decline in abundance is calculated to range by 4.1 to 17.7% over 5 years by 2015 (Milobog et al., 2010; Karyakin, Nikolenko, 2015). Some small nesting groups of Saker Falcon remain in the Baikal region, where local researchers assess the situation as consistently bad. After equipping 150 km of bird-hazardous power lines with protective devices in Daursky Nature Reserve’s enforcement zone in Transbaikalia, by 2017 species abundance had tripled over the 2010 total (Goroshko, 2018), although in this case we are only talking about a few pairs. In recent years, overwintering Saker Falcons have been regularly encountered in Primorye (O. Katugin, pers. com.), and there is a chance that a breeding group remains in Manchuria on the border with China, but there is no data to support this. Considering the negative dynamics of its large population groups, current Saker Falcon abundance in Russia is estimated at 1,356–1,618 pairs (Karyakin et al., 2020). As of 2010, abundance in Kazakhstan was estimated at 2,030 pairs (1,882–2,179), while as of 2012, no more than 1,500 pairs are estimated. Over a 20-year period, their abundance in Kazakhstan fell by over 60% (Karyakin et al., 2015). In 2011–2023, the authors and other researchers regularly visited groups of the species across Kazakhstan, conducting either systematic monitoring of known nesting sites or onetime observations. The report summarizes all available data. In 2022–2023, within the framework of a Biodiversity Research & Conservation Center project supported by the Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund and WWF, areas in Southern and Southeastern Kazakhstan where stable groups known to be present as recently as 2010 were carefully studied. In 2022 in the Karatau Mountains and adjacent areas Saker Falcon abundance is estimated at 46 (28–66) breeding pairs; this comprises a 77% decline from 2010 levels (Karyakin et al., 2022). In 2023, monitoring of nesting areas in the Tarbagatai Mountains, Dzhungaria, Chu- Ili Mountains, and the Balkhash region showed isolated incidents of Saker Falcon nesting in areas remote from highways and where the Saker Falcon’s main food resource consisted of small colonial birds (Rooks Corvus frugilegus, Jackdaws Corvus monedula, Rosy Starlings Sturnus roseus). Over the last five years, there has been a complete disappearance of rodents in the Syugaty and Boguty Mountains and the Saker Falcon did not breed (A. Kovalenko, P. Pfander, pers. com.). The authors visited south central Kazakhstan in July 2017 and July 2018; not a single sighting of the species occurred on two monthlong expeditions in the Karaganda region. On Western Kazakhstan’s Ustyurt Plateau, where one of the largest populations of the species remained until 2010 (Pfeffer, Karyakin, 2010), episodic monitoring has been carried out over the past ten years, documenting the disappearance of falcons in the majority of regularly monitored nesting areas (M. Pestov, A. Pazhenkov, I. Smelyansky, pers. com.). Beginning in 2001 in the Naurzumsky State Nature Reserve, a noticeable negative trend emerged in the abundance of a Saker Falcon breeding group: in 2001–2004 abundance ranged from 17 to 20 pairs, 15 pairs were documented in 2005, and 14 pairs in 2006–2008 (Bragin, Bragin, 2009), but no monitoring has taken place there in recent years. Saker Falcons were not studied on Kokchetavskaya Upland or in Irtysh forests in Pavlodar and Semipalatinsk Regions. However, given the reduction in the area of forest plantations as a result of fires and logging, a significant reduction in species abundance can be expected along the lines of similar declines in Altai Kray (Russian Federation), where the Saker Falcon has almost completely disappeared. It should also be noted that, despite this, illegal poachers continue to trap migrant individuals along the forests and foothills of Altai (Hunting Supervision Department data, Altai Kray, Russian Federation), and their activity in the area renders any restoration of the Saker Falcon nesting group in this territory unlikely. Most information about negative factors reducing Saker Falcon abundance stems from an analysis of the fate of birds in the ASR tagged with GPS trackers, as well as information about the ring recoveries labeled with RRRCN.RU. Between 2002 and 2023 52 Saker Falcon nestlings received trackers. Just 4 birds survived the first calendar year of life, but died or were poached in their second year. There have been 13 ring recoveries over the same years. Trapping to support the demands of the falconry industry is first among accurately established reasons for the departure of Saker Falcons. This activity is unsustainable in our view, given that it occurs despite steadily decreasing species abundance. We learned of the legal trapping of six birds thanks to reports by trappers working in northern Mongolia who captured bird wearing our rings and/or trackers. Thanks to these reports, we know the colossal scale of the removal of Saker Falcons from the wild. One of the birds wearing a tracker (Mityunya) was caught twice during a single season. In addition, the prioritized removal of females (by trappers) is evidenced by single males holding nesting sites for many years in the absence of available females in the population, as well in nearly annual changes of the female bird in pairs observed in the ASR. (We have calculated the average age of males and females on nesting sites, on the basis of monitoring since 1999). The second most important factor is the death by electrocution of birds on power lines. After 2010, remaining groups of birds in Russia were found in areas where the majority of bird-hazardous power transmission lines were retrofitted with bird-protective devices or rebuilt. In the last seven years, isolated cases of death have only been documented on badly-equipped power lines, or where the protective equipment fails. In other regions where Saker Falcon deaths were recorded before 2010, no nesting groups remain today. The third factor is insufficient food resources. A prolonged population depression of Daurian Pika (Ochotona dauurica) in the ASR on the border with Mongolia has led to the fact that, over the past four years, nesting at the monitoring site has decreased from 16 pairs to just one. That pair raised just one nestling in 2023. Since 2017 in Kazakhstan, some nesting sites have also been left empty due to a deep decline in rodent abundance. For the sake of comparison, Saker Falcon pairs can successfully raise 5–6 nestlings at a time in areas far from trappers and with a low density of nesting pairs. Poisoning is the fourth most negative factor: (1) Anticoagulant rodenticides are responsible for a 50% decline in a large group in the Altai Mountains, where, in contrast to the effect of trapping, both males and females disappeared from nesting territories. It was not possible to collect tissue from fresh Saker Falcon corpses for chemical analysis, but poisoning was proven to be the cause of death in Black Kites (Milvus migrans) and Steppe Eagles (Aquila nipalensis) that died nearby. (2) Carbofuran in pigeons specially prepared as poisoned bait by pigeon breeders. In both the ASR in Russia and in the Caucasus, there have been over 30 cases of poisonings of large falcons, including six Saker Falcons. The last factor we note is climate change, which regularly leads to low reproductive success in many ASR groups due to: (1) Premature death of offspring during hurricanes and hail on open nests; (2) Death of fledglings unable to feed themselves in the face of dense vegetation in July resulting due to precipitation. In this case, even with abundant food supply, young birds die before dispersal from nesting areas. An entire range of measures is needed to preserve the Saker Falcon: 1) Combating illegal trapping in falcon nesting areas, along migration routes, and in wintering areas; 2) Strengthening enforcement related to legal falcon trapping in Mongolia and enact a ban on bird trapping in Western Mongolia, through which and where Russian birds migrate and overwinter; 3) Implementation of bird protection measures on power lines throughout all countries of the species’ range; 4) Identifying and ending cases of bird poisoning by pigeon breeders, including legally trying particularly serious cases, the results of which are freely illustrated by poisoners on social networks; 5) Expanding the geographic area for creating artificial nests to attract falcons, including attracting breeding birds to artificial nest sites on power lines in partnership with energy companies; 6) Implementing measures to improve the nestling survival rates in natural conditions: strengthening natural nests, supportive supplemental feeding of broods, tattooing the cere and tarsus during tagging to reduce the commercial attractiveness of falcons for trappers; 7) Release of falcons raised in nurseries into the wild using the “hacking” method and mandatory tattooing of the cere and tarsus of released birds.
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Konyk, Olexander. "Displays of Socio-Cultural Priorities of the Lower Dnipro Ship-owners in the NaDisplays of Socio-Cultural Priorities of the Lower Dnipro Ship-owners in the Names of Coastal Sailors: the first quarter of the 20th centurymes of Coastal Sailors: the first quarter of the 20th century." Roxolania Historĭca = Historical Roxolania 1 (November 13, 2018): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/30180108.
Full textAbstract:
The report considers the informational possibilities of the documents of the Kherson State Archives for the knowledge of socio-cultural priorities and the real mechanisms of formation of social and national consciousness in the socio-professional group of the Lower Dnipro owners of coasting vessels. The study of the source base gives grounds to assert that the modern funds of the state institutions of the Russian Empire in the Kherson State Archives are only the remnants of the former departmental archives, and the most complete funds presenting the problems in the specified chronological framework, that is, the names of coastal merchant ships of the basin of the Lower Dnipro in the early twentieth century are the funds of Kherson port customs. If we are talking about the most ancient documents found on the subject today, then they are related to the end of the 18th century. Mostly they record the names of military frigates and large merchant ships that entered Kherson port and also have Greek and Turkish names. This allows for interesting parallels in the continuity of the tradition of names, in particular biblical and sacred history. In the main part of the message, the identified names are grouped and analyzed. The hierarchy of priority of ship-owners in the choice of names was as follows: in the first place are the names of their own, followed by the names that personify the biblical and evangelical heroes, saints (the absolute priority of St. Mychola), the fathers of the church, and others. Further in descending order are geographical names, social definitions and family relationships, qualitative definitions, general concepts, natural phenomena, names of historical figures and famous people, historical terms that denoted social division or specific occupations, Soviet and communist names, astronomical names or phenomena, names from the world of birds, names from mythology, fairy tales and Legend, ancient Ukrainian social concepts, ethnonyms, names of authors and literary heroes, names from natural history, exotic names rarely used in the region, names and titles of members of the Russian Imperial House, names from the world of fish, water creatures, names from vegetation and animal world and from the world of insects. The conclusion is that the statistics given in the text show the wide range of preferences of ship-owners, mostly conservative and often romantic and the ones that reflected real social and spatial self-determination, national, and in the Soviet times, more and more political priorities. The potential of the materials used in the study of the problem is far from being exhausted, so the topic remains promising for further research.
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Grcic, Mirko. "The potentials for development of eco-tourism in region Posavina inferior, Serbia." Glasnik Srpskog geografskog drustva 83, no. 1 (2003): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsgd0301057g.
Full textAbstract:
When we talk about the Serbian touristic zones, what we usually have in mind and what we point out are the mountainous zones of the national parks. But there exists a plain zone with exceptional natural potentials for the development of eco-tourism. Still adequate attention has not been paid to it neither performed an appropriate touristic evaluation. We are talking about the zone of POSAVINA. A big, navigable river, numerous meanders, river islands, effluents, marshes and swamps rich in flora and fauna, create a remarkable natural environment, quite close to the big cities and international highways that has not been adequately evaluated in the fields of ecotourism. This study is a result of our intention to pay public attention to the natural potentials for the formation of an ecotouristic zone in the lower Posavina in Serbia, which is at the same time the most beautiful and in the ecological sense the most interesting part of the river Sava. In this section (206.5 km) Sava is very much alike a winding thread beaded with fantastic marsh terrains with rare floral and animal species, which are typical for this kind of biothop. Posavina in Serbia contains a whole chain of attractive zones and places, from the hunting forest of Bosut and Morovic to the Ada Ciganlija. Natural complexes in their original state or slightly changed are an important eco-tourist resource in Posavina. They all should be to keep ecological balance, but at the same time to satisfied the rising ecological needs. Though some natural objects are protected, still it is not enough, and ?the touristic digression?, i.e. degradation of environment, is higher and higher. In future ecostrategic planning, Posavina should be treated systematically, as a single ecotouristic zone. The red line of this zone is the river Sava that could be transformed into a single water ecopath. As a conclusion we could say that a complete protection of all marsh and water ecosystems in Posavina is needed not only as a widening of the tourist resource?s basis but also as a creation of an entire system of protection of flora and fauna (especially birds) world, as a basic natural recreation-touristic resource. Ecotourism of marshes and swamps (and of mountains as well) could become a touristic image of Serbia. Tourist destinations in Posavina can be tempting even up to the European standards. But this requires Sava to be accepted as a national eco-path and the integral solving of the ecological problems of Posavina. Only the ecological tourism can be profitable and at same time possible over a long period of time in the zone of Posavina.
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Randerson, Janine. "Between Reason and Sensation: Antipodean Artists and Climate Change." Leonardo 40, no. 5 (October 2007): 442–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/leon.2007.40.5.442.
Full textAbstract:
The author, drawing on her experience as a New Zealand artist who has collaborated with meteorologists, suggests that artists may enter climate change discourse by translating (or mis-translating) scientific method into sensory affect. She examines three recent art projects from Australasia that draw on natural phenomena: her own Anemocinegraph (2006–2007), Nola Farman's working prototype The Ice Tower (1998) and Out-of-Sync's ongoing on-line project, Talking about the Weather. The author cites Herbert Marcuse's 1972 essay “Nature and Revolution,” which argues that sensation is the process that binds us materially and socially to the world.
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Aranda, Ana, and Angel Pascual. "Nuclear Hormone Receptors and Gene Expression." Physiological Reviews 81, no. 3 (July 1, 2001): 1269–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.2001.81.3.1269.
Full textAbstract:
The nuclear hormone receptor superfamily includes receptors for thyroid and steroid hormones, retinoids and vitamin D, as well as different “orphan” receptors of unknown ligand. Ligands for some of these receptors have been recently identified, showing that products of lipid metabolism such as fatty acids, prostaglandins, or cholesterol derivatives can regulate gene expression by binding to nuclear receptors. Nuclear receptors act as ligand-inducible transcription factors by directly interacting as monomers, homodimers, or heterodimers with the retinoid X receptor with DNA response elements of target genes, as well as by “cross-talking” to other signaling pathways. The effects of nuclear receptors on transcription are mediated through recruitment of coregulators. A subset of receptors binds corepressor factors and actively represses target gene expression in the absence of ligand. Corepressors are found within multicomponent complexes that contain histone deacetylase activity. Deacetylation leads to chromatin compactation and transcriptional repression. Upon ligand binding, the receptors undergo a conformational change that allows the recruitment of multiple coactivator complexes. Some of these proteins are chromatin remodeling factors or possess histone acetylase activity, whereas others may interact directly with the basic transcriptional machinery. Recruitment of coactivator complexes to the target promoter causes chromatin decompactation and transcriptional activation. The characterization of corepressor and coactivator complexes, in concert with the identification of the specific interaction motifs in the receptors, has demonstrated the existence of a general molecular mechanism by which different receptors elicit their transcriptional responses in target genes.
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Osypenko, Viktoriia. "Actualization of folklore prototype images in the philosophical concept of Yurii Alzhniev’s Song Symphony “Behind the Milky Way...”." Problems of Interaction Between Arts, Pedagogy and the Theory and Practice of Education 70, no. 70 (April 29, 2024): 122–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.34064/khnum1-70.07.
Full textAbstract:
Statement of the problem. Objectives, methods, and novelty of the research. The experience of studying the archetypes of the culture of Slobozhanshchyna region is offered, through the understanding of their role in the conception of the recent composition by contemporary Ukrainian artist Yuriy Alzhniev. Specific examples of borrowing samples of folk songs from Slobozhanshchyna (the ballad “How a grey eagle competed with a grey horse” from the repertoire of kobzars; the chumak song “Hey, our chumaks were on their way”, the allegorical song “Oh, woe to that seagull”) reveal value and meaning orientations of the artist with the aim of prolonging “historical memory” in the most recent history of music. In this sense, Slobidska Ukraine has historical, stylistic and genre priorities fixed in the folk song tradition, which has never been interrupted (even during the Soviet statehood). This is evidenced by the funds of folklore laboratories of higher educational establishments (in particular, Kharkiv I. P. Kotlyarevsky National University of Arts, and the House of Folk Art). The heart of the interaction of the folk song tradition and academic music is Slobozhanshchyna singing, which is a vast genre-stylistic system. Therefore, musicologists should generalize the conceptual foundations of the creative work of those artists who continue the Slobozhanshchyna tradition. Yuriy Alzhniev occupies an honourable place among them. His resent symphony belongs to the “Slobozhanshchyna text”. The latter is a term of musical regional science, which means a collective product of folk art continuing its existence in the creative work of modern composers of Eastern Ukraine. Thus, we are talking about the actualization of Slobozhanshchyna folklore in the symphonic genre. Despite precise instructions regarding which folkloric sources (chants, genres) the composer used to build the original concept of the Symphony (Osadcha, 2019; Kliuka, 2023), in our opinion, the folkloric layer of his dramaturgy still remained undervalued by musicologists. The specifics of Yu. Alzhniev’s composition determined our research methods: the historiographic one is addressed to the genres of the folk song tradition; the intonation one allows to highlight the linguistic and stylistic polylogue of the folk song and the artist’s symphonic thinking; and the comparative one reveals the kinship and differences of folklore sources in the context of their composer interpretation. Research results. Folkloric images in the Song Symphony have a poetic-verbal and purely musical origin. So, in the examples of Ukrainian calendar-ritual poetry, eagles plow the land and carry water. In the Slobozhanshchyna region version of the folk ballad used by the composer the eagle’s wings are a symbol of spiritual flight, heavenly destination, and the strength of the horse’s legs is a symbol of life forces, endurance, and earthly way.The central in the composition ones are: the folkloric motives of fraternity in the journeys in search of happiness, a mandate to take care of small children; the symbol of Milky Way as a God’s Path, the heavenly route of birds and human souls. The latter symbol is revealed by one of the brightest genres of the folk song tradition of Sloboda Ukraine – the chumak songs, unique in the world folklore the songs of the strangers in their journeys. Among many, the composer chosen the song “Hey, our chumaks were on their way” for the key image of the third (choral) movement of the Symphony. The symbolism of the folkloric archetype of the road got a double code: the road as the destiny of every Ukrainian; the Milky Way (called “Chumak Way” in the Ukrainian folklore) as a symbol of national culture, which connects the historical path of Ukraine and the personal destiny of the Cultural Hero of the Symphony to Truth, Divine Light. It is no accident that the author refers to the song “Oh, woe to that seagull”, which became a symbol of the historical fate of Ukraine, the search by folk singers for nationality, self-identity. This song is consonant with chumak ones and folk ballads based on the motif of the care of little children while the father is looking for his fortune in a foreign land. Expressive singing contains a formula that in the Symphony performs the function of the author’s monogram, combining the thematic structure of all the movements of the Symphony. The values of traditional culture are a source of Yurii Alzhniev’s creativity. The idea of consonance, on which the Symphony’s conception based, means the special state of a human in unity with the nature. The musical folk intonation of “sub-fourth” (ascending fourth + descending second) serves as the “code” to understanding “consonance”, connection of the Ancient and Present. The composer widely uses semitone-free scales, notes the power of their influence in folk songs. For him, it is a sign of inviolability, globality, infinity of the unknown, “invisible world” (according to H. Skovoroda). The semitone-free movement of the rising chorus of the ballad (“And he argued, competed...”) gives a sense of the immensity of the space in which the heroes of folk poetry exist, as the personification of the heavenly and earthly purpose of life. The iconic nature of the genre, determined by its functionality, is consciously modelled by the composer in order to create a nationally defined musical and linguistic picture of the world. Conclusion. Yu. Alzhniev’s Song Symphony musical-philosophical conception gravitates to that spiritual tradition, in which a human is considered as the embodiment of the nation, and the art is considered as the platform for the synthesis of folkloric archetypes and individual composer creativity. The indicated signs of the folk song tradition, crystallized in the thousand-year evolutional move by steps of typifying (intonation-genre and figurative), with their natural energy, which awakes the subconscious, nourish the semantics of the author’s language. The complex of intonation signs operating at the level of genetic memory represents the archetype of “primary intonation” for the composer.
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Sella, Osnat, Gabi Gerlitz, Shu-Yun Le, and Orna Elroy-Stein. "Differentiation-Induced Internal Translation of c-sis mRNA: Analysis of the cis Elements and Their Differentiation-Linked Binding to the hnRNP C Protein." Molecular and Cellular Biology 19, no. 8 (August 1, 1999): 5429–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.19.8.5429.
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ABSTRACTIn previous reports we showed that the long 5′ untranslated region (5′ UTR) of c-sis, the gene encoding the B chain of platelet-derived growth factor, has translational modulating activity due to its differentiation-activated internal ribosomal entry site (D-IRES). Here we show that the 5′ UTR contains three regions with a computer-predicted Y-shaped structure upstream of an AUG codon, each of which can confer some degree of internal translation by itself. In nondifferentiated cells, the entire 5′ UTR is required for maximal basal IRES activity. The elements required for the differentiation-sensing ability (i.e., D-IRES) were mapped to a 630-nucleotide fragment within the central portion of the 5′ UTR. Even though the region responsible for IRES activation is smaller, the full-length 5′ UTR is capable of mediating the maximal translation efficiency in differentiated cells, since only the entire 5′ UTR is able to confer the maximal basal IRES activity. Interestingly, a 43-kDa protein, identified as hnRNP C, binds in a differentiation-induced manner to the differentiation-sensing region. Using UV cross-linking experiments, we show that while hnRNP C is mainly a nuclear protein, its binding activity to the D-IRES is mostly nuclear in nondifferentiated cells, whereas in differentiated cells such binding activity is associated with the ribosomal fraction. Since the c-sis5′ UTR is a translational modulator in response to cellular changes, it seems that the large number of cross-talking structural entities and the interactions with regulatedtrans-acting factors are important for the strength of modulation in response to cellular changes. These characteristics may constitute the major difference between strong IRESs, such as those seen in some viruses, and IRESs that serve as translational modulators in response to developmental signals, such as that of c-sis.
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Serafini, Stefano, and Tatyana S. Turova. "“Searching for order at all levels”. Antonio Lima-de-Faria (July 4, 1921 – December 27, 2023)." Caryologia 76, no. 3 (February 29, 2024): 71–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/caryologia-2465.
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Professor Antonio Lima-de-Faria was our friend and, in a sense, a teacher. Despite our different fields of study, this master of scientific thought has deeply influenced both of us. Dr. Stefano Serafini came to know the work of Antonio Lima-de-Faria when he was just a teenager thanks to a disseminative article by the late Italian geneticist, Giuseppe Sermonti. Lima-de-Faria’s elegant vision of a universal order at all levels of nature opened his eyes to the consistency of patterns, forms, and function throughout the mineral, vegetable, and animal realms – a concept that has influenced his work in urban studies. Prof. Tatyana Turova met Antonio Lima-de-Faria on a museum tour of the Royal Physiographic Society (Lund). He was 95. When Antonio came to know that she is a mathematician working in probability, the discussion went straight to a critical analysis of the concept of randomness. That conversation kept going over the years. Professor Emeritus of Molecular Cytogenetics at Lund University (Sweden), Antonio Lima-de-Faria was a scientist of rare character. He had the innate gift of courage and the ability to tackle big problems despite dominant opinions. He was rigorous and tenacious in his method, and he had an immense knowledge and a sharp rationality. Antonio Lima-de-Faria defined himself as “a surviving dinosaur” to both of us. He was a magnificent old man – but that “dinosaur” had been ahead of his time since the beginning of his career. This was a constant. In the early 1960s, a multinational company discreetly requested him to develop a futuristic agrifood bioengineering program. This is the current reality of the genetically modified organism. Known to the scientific world as a pioneer and one of the most relevant exponents of molecular cytogenetics (his 1969 Handbook of Molecular Cytology is a classic) – not to mention author of over 200 research articles and influencing monographs – Lima-de-Faria became a member of some of the world’s top scientific societies. He also taught in some of the most prestigious universities. He received awards and recognition for his extraordinary activity. These included the appointment as Knight of the Order of the North Star by the Swedish King and as Great Official of the Order of Santiago by the President of Portugal. He held scientific consultancy positions for governments and institutions, including the European Space Agency, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, and the World Bank Group. He never stopped working and studying. In fact, he focused on the molecular organization of the chromosome until the end of his long life. Despite all of this, his endeavor was not always understood. His famous book, Evolution without Selection: Form and Function by Autoevolution (Elsevier, 1988, translated into Russian, Japanese, and Italian) is not only fundamental and revolutionary but also a case of sociology of science. This book, which advanced the current trend in molecular biology, even branded him as anti-evolutionist. Such a tag limited the essence of his work to a mere attack against natural selection – “a parlor game to explain life,” as Giuseppe Sermonti would say. Rather, this treatise, based on his vast physical, chemical, crystallographic, botanical, and zoological expertise, proposed to overcome the concept of natural selection. It downsized the role of genes and chromosomes in the architecture of living things through a plethora of biological forms that came directly from physical constraints. His self-evolutionism united the biological and inorganic worlds. This echoed Aristotelian and Goethean intuitions of morphofunctional homologies, that is, a sort of “non-genic kinship” between the spin of the ultramicroscopic electron, the shell of a Limnaea, and the spirals of immense galaxies. Indeed, selectionism (identifying natural selection not as a contributing cause but as the main engine of biological development) is the major methodological obstacle to the recognition and explanation of Lima-de-Faria’s morphofunctional homology. This is the true protagonist of his book. An order crosses and defines the subatomic, chemical, and physical worlds on all of their scales through progressive and deterministic channels. The form of Chitoniscus feedjeanus, traditionally explained as a classic example of the mimetic imitation of leaves, has a precedent in the arrangement of the crystals of pure bismuth. The same structure appears in the patterns of chlorite crystals, several vegetal hooks, the shells of ancient ammonites, or goat horns. The bird’s-eye-view of an estuary, the branches of a tree, and the vascularization of a mammal follow a single dendritic development pattern – so much so that their images, once reduced to the same size, are difficult to distinguish. Constant chemical commonalities actually underlie these and countless, more apparent natural oddities. Now, selection is not only powerless to account for them but also logically incompatible with any attempt to explain them. Like all strong theoretical systems faced with a fact that is refractory to integration, selectionism ignores homology. And when it cannot help but deal with it, it defines it as mere analogy. This then relegates it to that metaphor of annihilation, which is accidentality. Therefore, demolishing selectionism in biology was the necessary premise for developing a theory of self-evolution, towards which Lima-de-Faria has led us with a firm, methodical hand. Indeed, he deploys a set of images and observations that are rarely rivalled in modern scientific literature. Beyond classic studies on the subject, from D’Arcy Thompson (On Growth and Form, 1917) onwards, there is no doubt that recent molecular biology has continued to confirm with ever greater evidence the importance of elements that are complementary to classical theoretical genetics in the formation of living organisms. Lima-de-Faria had already begun to indicate and systematize these elements 40 years ago in Molecular Evolution and Organization of the Chromosome (1983). In fact, as the author himself recalled, Evolution without Selection is the consequence of those premises once applied to evolutionism. The last writing of Antonio Lima-de-Faria, printed in this very issue of Caryologia, develops and complements his marvelous treatise Praise of Chromosome “Folly”: Confessions of an Untamed Molecular Structure (2008). This masterpiece continues the great tradition of scientific giants such as Schrödinger and Feynman (authors that Antonio Lima-de-Faria highly regarded) talking to the public about the most advanced theories in a clear way. It is written with such wit and humor and such an elegant reference to art that any reader with a natural sciences or mathematics background, having read the first sentence, will not stop until the last. The book summarizes results on chromosome research and offers directions and ideas for further studies. It clearly confirms that understanding evolution requires a deep knowledge in not only chemistry and physics, but also mathematics – especially when it comes to the atomic level. Long discussions with Antonio Lima-de-Faria of one the authors began soon after Molecular Origins of Brain and Body Geometry: Plato’s Concept of Reality is Reversed (2014) was published. In an intriguing manner, this work unveils and explains the emergence of body patterns in animals by tracing them to the origin of the brain. For Antonio Lima-de-Faria, “geometry” manifests an “utter simplicity coupled to rigorous order that underlines the phenomenon.” He does not use the language of mathematics, as he was not trained in it. However – even if this may sound paradoxical for a non-mathematician – his search for order, for “a common denominator”, for a unifying theory, make them akin to fundamental mathematics. Remarkably, already in his early nineties, Antonio Lima-de-Faria completed an extensive analysis of the structures and functions of living organisms on a molecular level. He then created a new book, Periodic Tables Unifying Living Organisms at the Molecular Level: The Predictive Power of the Law of Periodicity (2017). This truly fascinating work provides a new perspective on the relations between matter and energy. Its logical systematic approach links different levels, from atoms to macromolecules to organisms. As Lima-de-Faria stated, his books do not give ultimate answers and immediate solutions to the posed questions. On the other hand, readers are invited to use the tools, methods, and ideas that he generously expressed in his late works. “Order allows variation but imposes in the same time a canalization that is patent in what we call evolution, being that of galaxies or of living organisms.” Antonio Lima-de-Faria was almost 100 years old when he released his last book, Science and Art are Based on the Same Principles and Values (2020) – something he had thought about “for 30 years.” It was his scientific testament, encompassing his life-long love for art, beauty, and truth. There, as a “lonely wolf howling in the immensity of the night,” he launched a straightforward warning: “At present a wave of obscurantism is spreading over Western countries affecting both science and art in a deadly way. (…) Modern technology has been most successful in transforming our daily lives and in allowing us to conquer outer space. These impressive achievements have, to a large extent, made us dumb, making it difficult to perceive the danger that lies ahead. Hence, there is a pressing need to bring forward the original sources in which, leading scientists and renowned artists, explained the principles that they followed in their discovery of novel phenomena and in the creation of unique works of art. It turns out that both types of minds speak the same language. There is a basic denominator that unites the human endeavor.” Lima-de-Faria’s works are jewels for scientific and aesthetic minds. The beauty of Nature absorbed him completely, and he devoted himself passionately to it. He was an admirer and a true connoisseur of the arts, music, and ballet. He was a passionate gardener and loved roses and the fragrance of flowers. Antonio Lima-de-Faria was a man of enlightenment, dedication, will, and truth. With his gentle and generous attitude towards anyone around him, Antonio Lima-de-Faria radiated love. He knew what happiness is (“What is Happiness?”, Journal of Biourbanism, IX, 2021). Antonio Lima-de-Faria is an endless source of inspiration and admiration for us.
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"Talking Birds and Ultra-ventriloquism." Journal of the Visualization Society of Japan 21, no. 1Supplement (2001): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3154/jvs.21.1supplement_11.
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Wingfield, Emily. "Lesley Kordecki: Ecofeminist Subjectivities: Chaucer’s Talking Birds." Archiv für das Studium der neueren Sprachen und Literaturen, no. 2 (December 14, 2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.37307/j.1866-5381.2012.02.41.
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Kantorek, Nyssa, Abigail Searfoss, and Nicole Creanza. "How Do Birds Sing Over City Noise?" Frontiers for Young Minds 9 (October 13, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/frym.2021.559702.
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Have you ever raised your voice because someone could not hear you? Imagine talking to a friend in a peaceful park. Now imagine trying to talk on a busy street or near a highway. The traffic noise makes it difficult to communicate, and you may speak up so your friend can hear you. Other animals have this issue, too. Songbirds can live in various environments, such as forests and grasslands, and they use their songs to communicate with each other. As cities grow and invade their habitats, birds may find it harder to hear one another. To be heard, some birds might change their songs. For example, some birds in cities sing louder, longer, or at a higher pitch than rural birds. Researchers are studying this problem: how does human-made noise affect birdsong? Answering this question is important so we can protect the birds around us and their habitats.
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Reingold, Matt. "On talking birds and jelly donuts: tracking new developments in Israeli comics." Journal of Graphic Novels and Comics, September 30, 2023, 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21504857.2023.2264955.
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"Aerodynamics of Drones with Auxetic Landing Gears During Perching Conditions." International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering 9, no. 2S4 (December 31, 2019): 517–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.b1225.1292s419.
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This research investigates a quad copter that acts as a contactor of the perching process of birds with its auxetic graspers on the cylindrical surfaces. The perching system generates a time of yaw when a pitch / rolling control input during the drone landing is introduced by two different circumstances (high and forward flight). While in all situations the aggregate need for revolution every minute, pitch and energy consumption vs. flight vs, the auxetic environment enhances drone resistance in the treatment for spontaneous vibration talking. The suggested method stabilises frequency, yawing and rotating period with respect to the variable rate during perching.
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PARAMESHWAR, KONDAPURAM, SAGAR PAMU, KOSIKA SANDEEP, and CHINDAM SURESH. "A REVIEW NOVEL CORONAVIRUS." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, March 2, 2020, 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2020.v13i4.36982.
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Coronaviruses (CoVs), incorporated positive-sense RNA diseases, are depicted by the club-like spikes that adventure from their surface, an abnormally huge RNA genome, and a specific replication technique. CoVs cause a selection of diseases in mammals and birds ranging from enteritis in cows and pigs and upper respiratory sickness in chickens too possibly deadly human respiratory diseases. Here, we provide a quick presentation to CoVs talking about their replication and pathogenicity, and current avoidance and treatment techniques. We likewise mention the episodes of the profoundly pathogenic severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV (SARS-CoV) and thus the recently identify Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome CoV (MERS-CoV).
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Speno, Ashton Gerding, and Danielle Halliwell. "“It’s not just talking about the birds and the bees anymore”: Parent-child communication about sexting." Atlantic Journal of Communication, December 12, 2021, 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15456870.2021.2009481.
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Ballejo, Fernando, Pablo Ignacio Plaza, and Sergio Agustín Lambertucci. "Framing of visual content shown on popular social media may affect viewers’ attitudes to threatened species." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (June 29, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-92815-7.
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AbstractContent published on social media may affect user’s attitudes toward wildlife species. We evaluated viewers’ responses to videos published on a popular social medium, focusing particularly on how the content was framed (i.e., the way an issue is conveyed to transmit a certain meaning). We analyzed videos posted on YouTube that showed vultures interacting with livestock. The videos were negatively or positively framed, and we evaluated viewers’ opinions of these birds through the comments posted. We also analyzed negatively framed videos of mammalian predators interacting with livestock, to evaluate whether comments on this content were similar to those on vultures. We found that the framing of the information influenced the tone of the comments. Videos showing farmers talking about their livestock losses were more likely to provoke negative comments than videos not including farmer testimonies. The probability of negative comments being posted on videos about vultures was higher than for mammalian predators. Finally, negatively framed videos on vultures had more views over time than positive ones. Our results call for caution in the presentation of wildlife species online, and highlight the need for regulations to prevent the spread of misinformed videos that could magnify existing human-wildlife conflicts.
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Cioruța, Bogdan-Vasile, and Alexandru Leonard Pop. "Philately’s Implications in Ecological Education via Romanian Thematic Joint Issues (VI) - Regarding the 4th Collaboration with WWF." Asian Journal of Research in Zoology, January 17, 2021, 14–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajriz/2021/v4i130104.
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The last philatelic issue made by the Romanian postal administration in collaboration with WWF, published at the end of 2006, is the main subject of this study. As we have become accustomed to, WWF's interests in conserving endangered species are becoming better defined. This time the emphasis is on protecting birds, and among these, we are talking about the Eurasian spoonbill. The species itself is representative of the habitat of the Danube Delta, where it was also immortalized, and where the inspiration for the layout of the philatelic pieces came from. Moreover, through the rich philatelic material identified, analyzed, and presented, one can discuss the other philatelic effects. All these, through the beauty of the exhibition and the contribution brought among the collectors, philatelists, and implicitly of those who love nature, make the issue a successful one. The purpose of this study is to complete, by presenting the philatelic issue from 2006, the series of Romanian philatelic issues dedicated to the protection of various species. In this regard, besides the well-defined role in promoting protected species, was also discussed a little about the role of philately in educating the young generation, informing tourists, as well as in documenting habitat conservation policies and strategies.
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Benedict, Lauryn, Alexandra Charles, Amirah Brockington, and Christine R. Dahlin. "A survey of vocal mimicry in companion parrots." Scientific Reports 12, no. 1 (December 5, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-24335-x.
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AbstractParrots are one of the rare animal taxa with life-long vocal learning. Parrot vocal repertoires are difficult to study in the wild, but companion parrots offer a valuable data source. We surveyed the public about mimicry repertoires in companion parrots to determine whether vocal learning varied by (1) species, (2) sex, (3) age, and (4) social interaction with other parrots. Species differed significantly in mimicry ability, with grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus) having the largest mimicry repertoires. Analyses of all birds (n = 877) found no overarching effects of sex, age, or parrot-parrot social interactions on mimicry repertoires. Follow up analyses (n = 671), however, revealed a human bias to assume that talking parrots are male, and indicated that five of the 19 best-sampled species exhibited sex differences. Age-specific analyses of grey parrots (n = 187) indicated that repertoire size did not increase during adulthood. Most parrots were capable of improvisation (e.g. rearranging words) and used mimicry in appropriate human contexts. Results indicate that parrot vocal production learning varies among and within species, suggesting that the mechanisms and functions of learning also vary. Our data provide a rich foundation for future comparative research on avian vocalizations, and broaden our understanding of the underpinnings of communicative behavior and learning across all animals.
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Abdul Rahman bin Safar Al-Sahli. "The natural environment in Tabuk, Issues, Challenges, Protection Mechanisms in Islamic Law and Saudi Regulations." Journal of Namibian Studies : History Politics Culture 33 (May 21, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.59670/jns.v33i.1088.
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This research was based on a universal fact: the impossibility of isolating the natural environment of any region In the world from Its regional surroundings, the harnessed winds and clouds between heaven and earth, and the sending winds that stir clouds that spread them in the sky and then make them fragments so you see the rain emerge from within them, evidence of the fluency of the Almighty and the inability of a man to prevent climate changes, and that all he can do is mitigate the effects of these changes.The research was concerned with the statement of several purposes, the most important of which are:1. View the Geoenvironmental map of the Tabuk region from the following aspects: location, area, borders, population activity, terrain, the most important tourist destinations, and the regional ocean.2. Definition of the natural environment and the ecosystem and mention the elements and components of the natural environment from the atmosphere, soil, and energy.3. Highlight the problems and threats to the natural environment with the definition of each problem and the statement of Its effects, focusing in particular on pollution, climate change, and the lack of carbon neutrality.4. Programs and plans that can be taken to confront environmental variables and climate change, where the research proposed nine programs for this confrontation.5. Scientific concept of the terms environment and climate change, the research was concerned with the definition of pollution and mentioned pollutants for air, water, terrestrial soil, and agricultural soil, and the research was also Interested in providing a brief definition of each of environmental degradation, environmental disaster, depletion of Natural Resources, ozone layer, acid rain, sewage treatment, sludge, waste, carbon dioxide, atmosphere, black carbon, global warming, heat islands, desertification, extinction of living, soil drift and dredging, fertilizers, and chemical fertilizers.6. Environmental challenges and risks from the Islamic and systemic perspectives, and within the framework of this purpose, the research is concerned with the following:1) Islamic Sharia view of environmental challenges and risks.2) Systemic/legal view of environmental challenges and risks.3)The totality of environmental challenges and risks, represented by: the ecological imbalance of the planet, the constant decrease in food products, and the deterioration of human, animal, and plant health.7. Mechanisms for the protection of the natural environment from Islamic and systemic perspectives. The research was interested in explaining two main tools developed by the Islamic Sharia for environmental protection, namely: the mandatory and voluntary legislative mechanism, and the executive mechanism included in the guarantee of waste. In his statement about these two mechanisms, the researcher was interested in mentioning the evidence of the necessity of action for each mechanism, he then concluded his speech on the Sharia mechanism by deriving some of the Sharia provisions from the total Fiqh rules that he inferred.In addressing the mechanisms of environmental protection from the Statutory/legal perspective, the research focused on talking about the emerging environmental risks and the extent to which they need mechanisms, policies, and programs to address them, and then listed nine Improvised mechanisms to protect the natural environment of the planet.8. Research was interested in presenting the means and methods adopted by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to protect the environment, which varied into two types: international conventions ratified by the Kingdom and became hereby ratified in equality of internal regulations, and the second type is the set of environmental regulations/laws issued by royal decrees, the research dealt with a brief presentation of the following regulations:- The system of conservation of potable water sources.- The system of the Saudi Arabian Agricultural Bank.- Forest and pasture system.- Hunting system for wild animals and birds.- New Environmental Law No. m / 165 dated 19/11/1441 Ah.9. Conclusion has included the most important result and recommendations.10. References and sources
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Kochhar-Lindgren, Gray. "Pintxos 1: small delicacies & chance encounters." Inscriptions 6, no. 1 (January 15, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.59391/inscriptions.v6i1.184.
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Jacques Derrida wrote in Glas that “The glue of chance creates sense” and he was almost correct. It is, in fact, the toothpick of reading and writing—taken in their most expansive senses—that connects one chance event to another, that binds together, however briefly, the volatility of events. Chance and art: the pleasures of sensuous sensibilities, the distinctions of the conceptual, and the free-flowing sociability of a city as the day rounds almost imperceptibly toward the night. Watch out for the drunken philosophers, poets, and painters; listen for the talking parrots and puppets; beware of the marauding pirates and the red hand-prints on the walls of caves. Pintxos is best read in a manner similar to nibbling upon its namesake, tasted bit-by-bit as if one is wandering from one bar to the next along the evening streets of San Sebastian. This is the first part of a two-part installment.
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Kochhar-Lindgren, Gray. "Pintxos 2: small delicacies & chance encounters." Inscriptions 6, no. 2 (July 15, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.59391/inscriptions.v6i2.219.
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Jacques Derrida wrote in Glas that “The glue of chance creates sense” and he was almost correct. It is, in fact, the toothpick of reading and writing—taken in their most expansive senses—that connects one chance event to another, that binds together, however briefly, the volatility of events. Chance and art: the pleasures of sensuous sensibilities, the distinctions of the conceptual, and the free-flowing sociability of a city as the day rounds almost imperceptibly toward the night. Watch out for the drunken philosophers, poets, and painters; listen for the talking parrots and puppets; beware of the marauding pirates and the red hand-prints on the walls of caves. Pintxos is best read in a manner similar to nibbling upon its namesake, tasted bit-by-bit as if one is wandering from one bar to the next along the evening streets of San Sebastian. This is the second part of a two-part installment.