Relevant bibliographies by topics / Tamil Civilization

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters

Academic literature on the topic 'Tamil Civilization'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 27 July 2024
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Tamil Civilization"

1

Murugesan, Sendil. "Caucasus and the Tamils." Caucasus Journal of Social Sciences 8, no. 1 (November 6, 2023): 11–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.62343/cjss.2015.142.

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Tamils constitute the Indo-Dravidian races of South India. Ancient foreign contacts with the Tamils are well documented in the works of Strabo, Megasthenes, Sangam anthology Aganaanooru. This research article proposes that Tamil civilization is based on the Graeco-Colchic and Armenian ones. The exodus of people from Cappadocia, Colchis and Cilicia provided the majority of settlers in Tamil Nadu. The Georgian origin of the Tamil script attains significance in view of the fact that Tamil is the focal point from which Dravidian languages have diverged. The community pattern of the ancient Tamils resembled the Greek model with Panar, Idaiyar groups being prevalent on both sides. The Caucasian ancestral origin of the Tamils makes them possibly the lone surviving group of Indo European races in South India.
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Raja, A. "Adichanallur, Sivagalai, Korkai Excavations and Ancient History." Shanlax International Journal of Tamil Research 8, no. 2 (October 1, 2023): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/tamil.v8i2.6736.

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In recent times in Tamil Nadu, the Tamil Nadu Government Archeology Department has carried out excavations at Adichanallur, Sivagalai and Korkai. These excavations have yielded abundant evidence of the ancient culture of Tamils. These evidences help a lot in knowing and creating human history. By subjecting this archaeological evidence to scientific analysis, its antiquity has been determined. Through this, the aim of this study is to study the ancient history, culture, lifestyle and civilization of Tamils. These studies explain the life, socio-economics, art, culture, literacy and trade of the 3200 years old Tamil society.
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Ganesan, A. "Paripadal Reveals Tamil Thoughts." Shanlax International Journal of Tamil Research 6, no. 3 (January 1, 2022): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/tamil.v6i3.4632.

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Our Tamils are the ones who divided the ancient Tamil Nadu which appeared five thousand years ago into five types of lands and divided the first, nucleus and subject matter separately for each people. The themes, drums and musical instruments found in the themes contributed to the development of the Tamil language and literature. Among the Sixty-four arts, music is the most sacred. Music was a separate genre long before the development of human civilization. Man expressed himself through music at a time when emotions could not be expressed through language. Thus the article sets out to illustrate the musical concepts found in the parable.
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A, Rajeshwaran. "The Morals of Life Shown by Bharathidasan in Pisiranthaiyar’s Play." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, S-7 (July 30, 2022): 248–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt22s739.

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Pisiranthaiyar was a poet of Sangam period. He was very friendly with King Kopperuncholan. He was a devotee of Pandyan Idudai Nambi. He gave advice and political virtue to the king and earned the respect of Pandyan. Pisiranthaiyar lived in a town called 'Pisir' in Pandya country. Bharathidasan has created this drama in the twentieth century with his imaginative poetry, centering on the friendship of the devotees. During the Sangam period, the doctrine of virtue had a great influence on the society. Social life is structured through this religion. Ancient Tamil society was enriched by urban civilization. Tamil civilization was one of the pioneer civilizations of the world before this civilized way of life was built. The education seen in the people and the poets during the Sangam period makes clear the knowledge of the Tamil people. Sangam period is built on individual morality, political virtue, chivalry, arts etc. The types of food that prevailed during the Sangam period, the philosophy of nature, astronomy, mentalism, solvency, commerce, water management, life rituals etc. are the aspects of life. In Pisiranthaiyar’s play, Bharathidasan takes the life of that time in the context of the 20th century for the social development of Tamil people and building the values of life for the upliftment of the Tamil society. In the life of a Tamilian, culture, art, education, and valor are combined, hospitality, kindness, chastity, justice, friendship etc. are mixed in the life of the ancient Tamilians, and Bharathidasan has designed his concept that these values of life should be incorporated in the contemporary environment as well. This review is structured on a qualitative approach. This article examines the living norms of the Tamil people in the context of Pisiranthaiyar's era and the living norms mentioned by Bharathidasan.
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Vennila, N. "Mantras Shown in Sangam Literature." Shanlax International Journal of Tamil Research 7, no. 3 (January 1, 2023): 90–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/tamil.v7i3.6093.

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Achamuga defining the sanga tamil community organization the standard of living of the people who lived in the system climate economic status and How was the cultural condition and how much civilization did the people live during the sangam period? The postion also indicated by sangam literary evidence From nomadic hunter – gatherer. Society to the Mughal rululers,Tamil society was an agricultural civilization. Sangha literature expresses a developed attitude to social conditions
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M, Selvakumar. "Cultural Genetics in Ettutthokai (Eight Anthologies)." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, S-6 (July 30, 2022): 222–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt22s632.

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The term "Culture" was coined at a later stage. This terminology is found in the Sangam literature in terms such as attributive, worthy men, ill-mannered, etc. It was in Tamil Nadu that the Tamil people, the primitive people, originated. It is the unanimous decision of historians that the human race originated. It was the Tamils who emerged in the early times and attained the maturity of civilization and the knowledge of life that led them to become the greatest in culture. Therefore, it can be realised that the Tamil race was the race that brought civilization and culture to the world and trained them. There are certain unique features and characteristics of such a Tamil race. Tolkappiyam and Sangam's works of literature are considered to be the oldest books available to us today. It is divided into internal and external parts. Also, it can be seen that the concept of cultural genetics refers to the lifestyles of people. Culture can be defined as the absorption of traditional customs and rituals of the people. Through its poetry, the Etthutthokai has captured the cultures of the ancient peoples. Following a good culture, it becomes an ideal platform for people to achieve higher goals in their lives. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the modern cultural genealogy of the ancient peoples is aligned with today's texts and the current status of cultural traditions by befitting the culture of ancient people.
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A.P, Ramalakshmi. "Tamil Artefacts in Cultural Anthropology." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, SPL 2 (February 7, 2022): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt22s27.

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Material culture and other sources, which are the basic source of anthropology, contribute greatly to the evaluation of the course of ancient civilization. Evidence of this can be found in our Sanskrit literature and the numerous artifacts found during archeological excavations. The culture of anthropology is not new, it is the field of knowledge that has been followed over time, social development. Man, who lived naturally with nature, discovered metals along with soil, wood, stone, etc., and used them to find many tools for everyday living needs. He also learned about the pros and cons of the products, as well as the beliefs of the method of use. The existence of antiquities of ancient Tamils ​​in many objects can be traced back to material culture and Sangam literature. Remnants of ancient Tamil civilization are said to have been used in everyday life for household and industrial purposes. There is little doubt that despite the use of machines in modern times, what the superman used is still used by the rural people today.
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R, Vijayalakshmi, and Parthibaraja K. "Human Virtues Revealed in Purananuru." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, S-19 (December 10, 2022): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt224s199.

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Human race is undergoing various changes as time moves on. Literature is a tool to reflect all these changes. During Sangam period Tamil people were well civilized. Famous text of Sangam period such as Ettuthokai and Pathupaatu shows us the civilization of Tamil people. The writers of those period witnessed the culture, civilization and life styles of that time and distilled it into literature as poems. Irrigation systems, agricultural development, political law, hospitality and faith are very important in these songs. The poetic tradition carried out by Sangam literature is based on Thinai theory. The article overall examines the human virtues in Purananuru.
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R, Udaiachandran. "Mullai land Life and Cultural Creation." International Research Journal of Tamil 3, S-1 (June 17, 2021): 158–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt21s125.

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The Sangam songs are a testimony to the fact that the Ancient Tamils are credited with creating civilization and culture for the world. Kurinji, Mullai, Marudham and Neytal are one of the manifestations of the special Tamil culture that has classified their habitat and thereby created an effective cultural structure. Mullai land was the place where human society was moving towards development during the Sangam period. Mullai land was the foundation for creating a fulfilling life. This article showcases the excellence of such a special Mullai land in life and cultural development.
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S. Sheela, Dr. A. Devaraj. "Kalaignar Contribution into Tamil." Tuijin Jishu/Journal of Propulsion Technology 44, no. 3 (November 27, 2023): 4373–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/tjjpt.v44.i3.2381.

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Karunanidhi’s explanation for his concerns regarding social justice and federalism came from literature, namely from his perusal of certain Tamil writings. Nearly all of the accolades made to M. Karunanidhi in the days that followed his passing included the words “social justice” and “Tamil literary enthusiast.” This is not unexpected. Up to almost the very end of his life, Karunanidhi took great pride in his work as a writer. He contributed nearly every day to Murasoli, the DMK newspaper. His letters to his legion of brothers-in-arms. Naturally, his greatest-known credit is that of a stage and movie writer. However, he wrote in a variety of genres, including poetry, short stories, literary essays, novels about history and society, and sharp journalism. He had also been an actor in his teens. He had an extensive understanding of music. Writing was an integral part of Karunanidhi’s politics. His literary and cultural works, which primarily drew on the Sangam corpus of poetry, were celebrations of the value of Tamil civilization, which was one of the key ways in which his writerly personality informed his political selfhood. His capacity to refer to this poetry and even quote directly from them during social or political speeches made him a respectable heir to a bygone era free from the taint of caste and Brahminical Hinduism. His evident pleasure in reading Tamil works from antiquity to the present day, as well as the speed with which he articulated it, distinguished him as a mentor and an exemplary figure for his fellow Tamils.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Tamil Civilization"

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Archary, Kogielam Keerthi. "The transmission of oral tradition in religious and domestic contexts among South African Tamil Indians." Thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/6281.

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This study attempts to discuss the transmission of oral tradition in religious and domestic contexts among the Indian Tamil Hindu people of South Africa. In chapter one, the focus of this study, as well as some reasons for choosing the Tamil group are discussed. The focus of this essay is to highlight the transmission of oral tradition in communities that have been physically separated from the original homes of those particular communities. Thereafter, in chapter two, examples of surviving domestic rituals are analysed. Life cycle rituals and calendrical rituals that are performed in the home are discussed with examples. Examples of surviving public rituals are considered in chapter three. An account of the rituals that are performed in the temple [either calendrical or of a personal nature] is given. In chapter four Tamil Hindu mythology which has survived in this country is given consideration. Lord Siva, in particular, is discussed to a greater extent. An overview of how some of the tradition has survived concludes this essay.
Thesis (M.A.) - University of Natal, Durban. 1993.
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Books on the topic "Tamil Civilization"

1

Kal̲akam, Tañcai Tamil̲p Palkalaik, ed. Glimpses of Tamil civilization: Articles from the university quarterly, Tamil civilization. Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu: Tamil University, 1994.

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2

Kācinātan̲, Naṭan̲a. Collected papers: Studies in Tamil culture. Madras: State Dept. of Archaeology, 1994.

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3

Em, Kaṇṇan̲, Mena Carlos 1954-, Institut français de Pondichéry, and University of California, Berkeley. Tamil Chair., eds. Negotiations with the past: Classical Tamil in contemporary Tamil. Pondicherry: Institut Francais de Pondichery, 2006.

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4

Muttucāmi, I. Cu. Tamil culture as revealed in Tirukkural. Madras: Makkal Ilakkia Publications, 1994.

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Kanakasabhai, V. The Tamils eighteen hundred years ago. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services, 1997.

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6

Subrahmanian, N. The brahmin in the Tamil country. Madurai: Ennes Publications, 1989.

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Subrahmanian, N. The Tamils: Their history, culture, and civilization. Madras, India: Institute of Asian Studies, 1996.

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8

1959-, Chitra Sankaran, Thinnappan S. P, and National University of Singapore. Centre for the Arts., eds. First step: Tamil in an international arena : conference proceedings. Singapore: Centre for the Arts, National University of Singapore, 2004.

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9

Parameswaran, N. Tamil trade and cultural exchange. Chennai, Tamils: The Print Shoppe, 2005.

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10

Selvakumar, V. Tamil cultural connections across the world: Up to 1600CE : archaeological evidence from outside Tamil Nadu. Thanjavur: Tamil University, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Tamil Civilization"

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"Prehistory and Protohistory of Tamil Literate Civilization; Oral and Written Traditions-the case of Tamil; The Problems of Transmission." In Companion Studies to the History of Tamil Literature, 18–32. BRILL, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004493025_007.

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Bremmer, Ian, and Preston Keat. "Dealing with Uncertainty." In The Fat Tail, 15–36. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195328554.003.0002.

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Abstract Today, the palm-fringed beaches of Yucatán and Cozumel are known mainly as a holiday getaway spot for raucous college students. But in 1519, the Yucatán coast saw the beginning of what perhaps comes closest in human history to an alien invasion. Hernán Cortés and 600 Spaniards sailing from Cuba landed there and set in motion a remarkable chain of events that would culminate in the Spanish conquest of the Americas. Cortés, like many adventurers of the time, came in search of great riches and new lands for himself and his king. Once ashore, he eventually made contact with the Aztecs, who then controlled a powerful empire of city-states extending across much of today’s Mexico. As the Aztecs and their emperor, Montezuma, struggled to understand the sudden appearance of fair skinned, bearded, armed, and armored men on horseback, Cortés forged alliances with rival city-states and prepared his battalion-sized warband to conquer a civilization of as many as 30 million people. Within two years, Cortés had crushed the Aztec Empire, killed a succession of its emperors, and laid the foundation for 300 years of Spanish colonial rule in Mexico.
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Finer, S. E. "The Kingdom of Egypt to the Fall of the Middle Kingdom (1678 BC)." In The History Of Government From The Earliest Times, 132–78. Oxford University PressOxford, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198206644.003.0003.

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Abstract ‘Tis education forms the common mind, Just as the twig is bent, the tree’s inclin’d; (Alexander Pope, ‘Epistle to Lord Cobham’, 1734) Vntil towards the end of the fourth millennium Egypt decidedly lagged behind Sumer in civilization. During the Late Uruk period in Mesop tamia (c.3300 BC), when cities like Erech and Eridu were arising, the peoples of Egypt were still tribal, living in small and primitive farming villages along the banks of the Nile. Then, near the end of the millennium, Egyptian culture makes a sudden leap. From a line of small villages dotted along the river-bank there emerged-so it would seem-statelets, possibly confedera tions, and then, c.3000, the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under a single monarch. With this began the Archaic age, c.3000-2650, the period of the first two dynasties; and the succeeding dynasties III-VI, which we call the Old Kingdom, survived until c.2150 BC. Late-prehistoric Egypt had come under south Mesopotamian influence: art-motifs, the cylinder-seal, Sumer ian-type boats, mud-bricks and brick buildings are all clearly attested. Yet before the beginning of the Old Kingdom all this had disappeared. In its place the Egyptians had developed their own individual style of writing the hieroglyphs. Monumental architecture sprang up, and arts and crafts broke into flower. A pattern was set that was to last into the Hellenistic, indeed, the early Roman eras.
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Mettinger, Arthur. "Semantic Opposition: Systemic versus Non-Systemic." In Aspects of Semantic Opposition in English, 61–83. Oxford University PressOxford, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198242697.003.0004.

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Abstract Among the pairs of opposites established on the basis of syntagmatic contrast in 2.3 we find, among others, the following cases: (1) He’d been madly in love with Veronica but it wouldn’t have done. Veronica would have swallowed him body and soul. (TH,25) (2) I wish she would explain it to me, he thought wrily, gazing into another mirror, I’m damned if I can make head or tail ofit. (CP,170) (3) Do you think the old saying is true—about you’re born to be hanged or born to be drowned? (HP,87)(4) It was indeed, he thought, a perfect marriage of Nature and Civilization, this view, where one might take in at a glance the consummation of man’s technological skill and the finest splendours of the natural world. (CP, 56) (5) Unable to decide on the relative accuracy of the oral and rectal methods of taking her temperature, Barbara had decided to employ both. (TBMIFD,10) (6) Caroline dissented. She said that if the man was a hair-dresser, he would have wavy hair, not straight. All hair-dressers did. (MRA., 19) (7) She drew out from her handbag the letter she had received that morning from Lady Tamplin. Katherine was no fool. She understood the nuancesof that letter as well as anybody and the reason of Lady Tamplin’s show of affection towards a long-forgotten cousin was not lost upon her. It was for profit and not for pleasure that Lady Tamplin was so anxious for the company of her dear cousin.
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