Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Tamil community'

National security discourses have a significant impact on migrant, refugee and immigrant communities. This thesis will address the impact that national security legislations have on vulnerable ethnic communities using the Tamil community in Canada as a case study. In highlighting concerns about rashly buying into the dominant discourses of terrorism and security, critical insights into how laws and policies impact community groups and society as a whole will be raised by exploring the discourses of fear and victimization. In particular, two important questions will be addressed. Firstly, how does the dominant discourse on fear of terrorism in national security legislation impact on the victimization of community groups, such as Tamil-Canadians? And secondly, what methods should be employed by communities so that the cycle of fear and victimization can be broken to enable the community to act with agency and resist these dominant discourses?<br>Les discours présenter par la Sécurité nationale ont un impact signifiant sur les itinérants, les communautés de réfugié, et immigrés. Cet exposé adressera l'impact que les législations de la sécurité nationales ont sur la vulnérabilité dans les communautés ethniques, utilisant la communauté Tamoule au Canada comme une étude de cas. En soulignant les inquiétudes concernant imprudemment accepter les discours dominants de terrorisme et de sécurité, un aperçu critiques dans comment les lois et les politiques influent les groupes de communauté et la société comme un ensemble sera élevé en explorant les discours de crainte et de persécution. En particulier, deux questions importantes seront adressées. Premièrement, comment le discours dominant sur la crainte de terrorisme dans la législation de sécurité nationale influe-t-il sur la persécution de groupes de communauté, comme Tamoul-Canadiens? Et deuxièmement, quelles méthodes devraient-ils être employés par les communautés pour que le cycle de crainte et de persécution puisse être cassé pour permettre à la communauté d'agir avec l'agence et s'opposer à ces discours dominants?

In their struggle for equality in Tamil Nadu, Dalits (ex-untouchables) often challenge prevailing caste norms by appropriating practices and conventions of locally dominant groups. This study examines how the Dalit Pallars of Tamil Nadu engage in various forms of socio-cultural and political assertions to challenge their marginality. It looks at the performative aspects of such struggles by focusing on Guru Pujas; public performances undertaken to pay homage to late social and political icons/leaders. As annual events these pujas have enabled Thevars, the local dominant caste, to showcase their community’s strength and power through the appropriation of public space. However, the same mode of public performance, which was integral to the public production and consolidation of the dominant caste as a political community, has been replicated by historically marginalised castes. This is reflected tangibly through visual aesthetics during commemorations. Following the Thevars and Nadars, a section of the Pallars are engaged in proclaiming the historical past by asserting that they too form the royal lineage and are competing with Thevar iconography to challenge the cultural dominance of Thevars. As quotidian forms of oppression and violence mark the spatial relationship between these castes, these performances provide a micro-lens to understand the dynamics of how local power is generated and made visible through a politics inscribed in space. Recent decades have witnessed increased competition over public symbols and the strategic location of caste-specific cultural signifiers – including competition over style and performance – and a heightened contest over the occupation of public space. Thus, the study maps the Pallar assertion and the challenges posed by Thevar retaliation.

Submitted by Rodrigo Menezes (costa.menezes@gmail.com) on 2013-08-16T21:54:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 O FORTE DO MERCADO.pdf: 15240954 bytes, checksum: d62f5920df8faee6bdd9f5a4f00ac4cf (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2013-08-16T21:58:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 O FORTE DO MERCADO.pdf: 15240954 bytes, checksum: d62f5920df8faee6bdd9f5a4f00ac4cf (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2013-08-22T12:40:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 O FORTE DO MERCADO.pdf: 15240954 bytes, checksum: d62f5920df8faee6bdd9f5a4f00ac4cf (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T12:41:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 O FORTE DO MERCADO.pdf: 15240954 bytes, checksum: d62f5920df8faee6bdd9f5a4f00ac4cf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-11<br>This research is contextualized in the current domestic scenario: Brazil is going through a unique moment that will culminate in two athletic events of worldwide repercussions: the FIFA World Cup in 2014 and the Olympics in 2016. These events impact several areas, including the fitness industry, which in its expansion takes advantage of the visibility generated by such events. With that in mind, the objective of this research was to analyze alternative business models in the fitness industry so as to contribute to its expansion. The alternative model selected was CrossFit, which international growth positions it as the unconventional fitness option of greatest expression, although it is not well known in Brazil.<br>Esta pesquisa está contextualizada no cenário nacional atual: o Brasil passa por um momento singular que culminará em dois eventos esportivos de repercussão mundial: a Copa do Mundo de Futebol em 2014 e as Olimpíadas em 2016. Estes eventos geram impactos nas mais diversas áreas, inclusive na indústria de fitness que, em sua expansão, aproveita a visibilidade gerada por tais acontecimentos. Tendo isto em vista, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar modelos alternativos de atuação no setor de fitness de maneira a contribuir para sua expansão. O modelo alternativo selecionado foi o CrossFit, cujo crescimento internacional o posiciona como a opção de fitness não convencional de maior expressão, ainda que pouco conhecido no Brasil.

This study explores the provision of public library services to the Tamil Community through the National Library Board of Singapore's system of public libraries. Results of the study are analyzed and implications for services deduced through focus group interactions and researcher observations. The study concludes that improvement is needed in collections, facilities, programming, and services, particularly in the area of provision to young people. Focus group participants also propose an Internet portal in Tamil. Many indicate that the library could, through facilitating the reading and use of the Tamil language, help in promoting the usage of the Tamil language in Singapore. The recognition of Tamil as a national language of Singapore has given the Tamils intrinsic satisfaction because the language provides them with a living link to their ethnic culture. They believe the library can help them regain their cultural identity and also assist them in repositioning themselves positively in Singaporean society. The contribution of this study to the professional literature is the idea of cultural identity being central in public library services to special user groups.

This dissertation studies premodern temple architecture, freestanding sculpted stones, and Tamil language inscriptions patronized by south Indian merchants in south India and China. Between the ninth and thirteenth centuries, Indian Ocean trade was at its apex, connecting populations on European and Asian continents through complex interlocking networks. Southern India's Tamil region, in particular, has been described as the fulcrum of the Indian Ocean circuit; however, knowledge of intra-Asian contact and exchange from this period has been derived mostly from Arabic and Chinese sources, which are abundant in comparison with the subcontinent's dearth of written history. My project redresses this lacuna by investigating the material culture of Tamil merchants, and aims to recover their history through visual evidence, authored by individuals who left few written traces of their voyages across the Indian Ocean. The arguments of my dissertation are based primarily on unpublished and unstudied monuments and inscriptions, weaving together threads from multiple disciplines--art history, literature, epigraphy, and social theory--and from across cultures, the interconnected region of the eastern Indian Ocean and the South China Seas, spanning the Sanskritic, Tamil, Malay, and Sinocentric realms. My dissertation challenges traditional narratives of Indian art history that have long attributed the majority of monumental architecture to royal patrons, focusing instead on the artistic production of cosmopolitan merchants who navigated both elite and non-elite realms of society. I argue that by constructing monuments throughout the Indian Ocean trade circuit, merchants with ties to southern India's Tamil region formulated a coherent group identity in the absence of a central authority. Similar impulses also are visible in merchants' literary production, illustrated through several newly translated panegyric texts, which preface mercantile donations appearing on temple walls in the modern states of Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh. Moreover, my work analyzes the complex processes of translation visible in literary and material culture commissioned by merchants, resulting from inter-regional and intercultural encounters among artisans, patrons, and local communities. Rather than identifying a monolithic source for merchants' artistic innovations, in each chapter I demonstrate the multiple ways in which merchants employed visual codes from different social realms (courtly, mercantile, and agrarian) to create their built environments. In Chapter Four, I provide a detailed reconstruction and historical chronology of a late thirteenth century temple in Quanzhou, coastal Fujian Province, and southeastern China, which both echoes and transforms architectural forms of contemporaneous temples in India's Tamil region. Piecing together over 300 carvings discovered in the region in light of archaeological and art historical evidence, I develop a chronology of the temple's history, and propose that Ming forces destroyed the temple scarcely a century after its creation. In Chapter Three, I interpret stone temples patronized by the largest south Indian merchant association, the Ainnurruvar, as being integral to their self-fashioning in India and abroad. While the temples do not project a merchant identity per se, I show that they employ an artistic vocabulary deeply entrenched in the visual language of the Tamil region. Chapter Two looks at other forms through which merchants created a shared mercantile culture, including literary expressions and freestanding sculptural stones. These texts demonstrate that merchants engaged in both elite and non-elite artistic production. Chapter One analyzes the distribution, content, and context of Tamil merchant sponsored inscriptions within the Indian Ocean circuit, focusing on the modern regions of Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala, and Andhra Pradesh. An appendix offers new translations of important Tamil language mercantile inscriptions discovered throughout south India.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 2000.<br>Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 82-85).

The goal of this study was to examine the views and perspectives of Tamil mental health outpatients and mental health care workers on the impact social activities and social network has on mentally ill patients’ general and mental health. The study was conducted at an outpatient mental health program at a Canadian hospital, using the grounded theory approach. Data were collected through questionnaires, document review and semi-structured interviews. Results showed that the mental health program had a positive impact on the mental health outpatients’ quality of life, including improvement in mental health, physical health, social network and social skills. The importance of cultural integration in mental health programs was discussed. Furthermore, barriers in accessing and utilizing mental health resources were highlighted and recommendations for program development were provided. Mental health programs can be effective in helping to improve the quality of life for Tamil consumers of outpatient mental health services.<br>UOIT

This study examines the language choices of Tamil immigrants, part of a South Asian diasporic community, in Austin, Texas. The researcher posits reasons why Tamil language maintenance/shift occurs for this Tamil community in the United States English-dominant macrosociety. The study also examines the domains in which Tamil and English are used and the various sociolinguistic factors which influence the language maintenance/shift of Tamil. Tamil immigrant participants were selected by snowballing, a non-probability purposive sampling technique. This multi-modal study used both quantitative (a questionnaire) and qualitative data (participant interviews and participant observations). One hundred and nineteen questionnaires were collected of which 90 were used for this study. In addition, twelve first or second generation Tamil individuals were interviewed. Background for the study included reasons for emigration from the home country, Tamil diglossia, diaspora issues, identity issues, and language as a site of struggle. The theoretical framework included language as power, language as investment, and linguistic imperialism. Examining the language of instruction, participants interestingly evidenced a kline in English use from 67.1% in elementary grades, to 84.8% in the middle and high/secondary school, to 95.3% at the university level. Also, comparing language use as a child versus language use as an adult, there was a kline (continuum) moving from 'always using Tamil' in all domains as a child to 'equally in Tamil and English' in all domains as an adult. Participants were split as to why they used Tamil with some using it for privacy/secrecy and some using it for pride. A much smaller percent used Tamil for intimacy. Finally, with regard to language proficiency, participants evinced a declining kline from understanding, speaking, and reading, writing colloquial Tamil. The participants' proficiency in literary Tamil was also a declining kline with only 16.7% understanding, 17.8% reading, and even less speaking (8.9%) or writing (7.8%) literary Tamil. The results of this research study and an analysis of Moag’s 31 factors for maintenance/loss of Tamil, showed that the prospects for the continued maintenance of Tamil in Austin were limited. Finally, this study provided valuable sociolinguistic insight into this little-studied South Asian diasporic community in Austin, Texas.<br>text

In the past few years, natural disasters have been taking more lives and, especially more in the lesser-developed countries. There have been debates in the scientific world on what could be the best ways to mitigate disasters and reduce their impacts. In addition, there is a growing concern about finding the best way of restoring normal lives in the disaster affected communities. Traditional top-down approaches practiced by local governments, aid-agencies, and NGOs have now been replaced by community-based disaster management approaches. International aid-agencies such as the World Bank, UNDP, CIDA, USAID etc., emphasize on the involvement of the community for development purposes and long term sustainability. However, experiences from catastrophic disasters such as the Indian Ocean Tsunami of 2004 or the Hurricane Katrina of 2005 revealed post-disaster scenario to be chaotic and at times insensitive to local cultures and needs of victims. Literature review of past theories indicated the widening gap in disaster management approaches for establishing effective models to deal with recurrent mega-disasters. To address some of the gaps and issues related to disaster management strategies and approaches, an ongoing reconstruction process of the Indian Ocean Tsunami of 2004 was evaluated in the coastal regions of Tamil Nadu, India. Four underlying objectives were set. The first was to review the evolving disaster paradigm and related theories and concepts in literature and to build connections with planning models and community based planning. Gaps in the literature were identified and a ‘common framework’ to study both the domains of environmental planning and disaster management was designed. The ‘framework’ was designed using other interdisciplinary planning frameworks, and suffices the second objective of this dissertation. The third objective was to assess an ongoing reconstruction process using an appropriate methodology and suitable indicators. Environmental issues and disaster related problems have risen over the last decade with its effects worsening in the developing countries. Despite technological advancements, it seems almost impossible to make disaster related losses negligible. However, losses can be minimised with proper interventions and community preparedness. Case studies were carried out within disaster affected fishing communities in the coastal areas of Tamil Nadu, India.

Due to a worldwide increase in migration, refugees, and migrant laborers, interpersonal conflicts today are more frequent and complex. The young field of interpersonal conflict resolution is therefore being looked to for answers. Practitioners all over the globe are limited by the conflict resolution literature which is mostly written from a western perspective. There is a need to explore interpersonal conflict resolution practices of different cultural groups and societies with different histories of oppression. In a 15-month qualitative research study, I explored interpersonal conflict resolution practices of a Tamil labor community on a tea plantation in Sri Lanka called Sooryan. The first part of the study traces the establishment of plantations in Sri Lanka by the British. It differentiates between plantation and non-plantation societies. The works of Jayaraman (1975), Beckford (1983), Wesumperuma (1986), Daniel (1993), and Hollup (1994) help trace the cultural, economic, and political factors which cause conflicts on plantations. This part also explores interpersonal conflict resolution practices in different societies, and presents four third-party conflict resolution models practiced in non-plantation societies. The second part describes the labor community at Sooryan plantation. It explains the living and working conditions of the laborers, and the role of Talaivars (leaders) and trade union representatives. It examines discrimination faced by the laborers from the outside non-plantation community. It highlights the machine bureaucracy and the management style at Sooryan. The third part explores four categories of interpersonal conflicts, which manifest within-family, between laborers, between laborers and their supervisors, and between the labor plantation community and the outside non-plantation community. It describes processes which the labor community uses in resolving their conflicts. Challenges are posed to practitioners and educators by contrasting the conflict resolution practices of the Sooryan labor community with the mainstream mediation model of the United States. Finally, the study examines the unique problems of the labor community and how its social, economic, and political isolation makes its conflicts permanent. With this understanding, further research and effective educational programs can be developed for plantation societies, migrant laborers, and refugees. To this end, the daily water problems of the Sooryan labor community in Sri Lanka serve as a timely reminder.

In this study I examine the connections between urban governance, social planning, civic participation and engagement, and the quest for full, active, democratic citizenship by marginalized groups, particularly immigrant communities living in Canada's multicultural cities. The notion of 'inclusive planning' within an ethno-culturally diverse urban context is explored through the examination of both the City of Toronto's approach to social development planning and the response of one newcomer community, the Sri Lankan Tamils, particularly through the work of the newly formed national organization, the Canadian Tamil Congress. My study is guided by five research questions that explore the roles and responsibilities of government, planners and communities in this context. I conclude by presenting a number of recommendations related to how planners can work toward a democratic renewal of planning in multicultural cities such as Toronto through the support and development of planning policies and practices that recognize equitable engagement, communication, negotiation, and partnership as guiding principles. These include a wide range of ideas related to identifying and challenging the forces of exclusion identified within my research, in order to construct a form of citizenship that is grounded in ongoing negotiation between the state and its citizenry.

This research A Descriptive Visual Analysis of the Survival of Tamil Arranged Marriage Rituals and the Impact of Commercialism is a critical analysis of ritual performances as a key component of Tamil wedding ceremonies. These rituals are performed before, during, and after the wedding and are interrogated throughout in this dissertation. This research explored and attempted to identify the significance of ritual performances in Tamil people’s marriages of southern India. Through the documentation and unpacking of traditional Hindu wedding celebrations, this study examined how these ancient rituals have been influenced by the modern world. It explored how cultural beliefs are negatively impacted through the commercialisation of wedding ceremonies and how they justify the maintenance of ritual practice. Symbolic activities and ritual performances are studied and discussed throughout this study by observing various Tamil wedding ceremonies and conclusions are drawn through conversations with couples and parents who have participated in such events. The dissertation further explores the ways in which these rituals are ultimately reflected and represented in artistic practice, inspired by the works of various artists who engage with their mediums in a ritualistic manner.<br>Art History, Visual Arts and Musicology<br>M.VA (Art, History, Visual Arts and Musicology)

This qualitative research used the Long Interview method to study cultural and gender influences on mental health, health beliefs, health behaviour, help-seeking and treatment expectations for mental health problems in newcomers to Canada who are members of an ethnocultural, visible minority population - the Sri Lankan Tamils. The study employed a comparative design and analyzed data from interviews with Tamil men (N=8) and Tamil women (N=8) who self-identified as having been diagnosed with depression, and service providers (N=8) who provide frontline mental health and related services to the Sri Lankan Tamil community. The objectives were to a) understand cultural and gender factors inherent in the Sri Lankan Tamil community; b) investigate how these cultural and gender factors impact mental health and influence the trajectory of help-seeking and treatment for depression in the Sri Lankan Tamil community; c) explore the intersection of culture and gender as it relates to health behaviour; and d) explore service providers’ perceptions of the influence of culture and gender in relation to help-seeking for mental health problems and the application of this understanding to service delivery. The study found that the respondents equated social function with health and that this concept informed help-seeking and treatment expectations. Socially appropriate functioning was seen as an indicator of health, and this differed by gender. Gender-differentiated social stressors contributed to depression. Women played a role as enablers of care, both for family members and acquaintances. Men were more resistant to help-seeking and tended to disengage from care. There was a distinct preference for service providers who understood the culture and spoke Tamil. Religious groups served a social support function. Family physicians and Tamil service providers in the social service sectors were identified as key players in the pathways to care. Service providers did not appear to understand the community’s holistic view of health; however, they did use their knowledge of the community to make adaptations to practice. Recommendations that result from these findings include health promotion and prevention strategies beyond the traditional health care system, targeted culture and gender-informed interventions, and the need for multisectoral collaborations.

碩士<br>東海大學<br>會計學系<br>107<br>2019 is the first year of local creation, the specific model for the development of local success in Japan. The National Development Committee takes this as the essentials of local sustainable development, and formulates the goals, processes, models and principles of creating a society to provide social Organizational reference. In the past 20 years since the community was founded, many scholars and advanced people have tried to explore the principles and successful community development. However, although the non-profit organization leads the vision of creating a better future and lives with the enthusiasm of the participants, it is inevitable that Examine the use of human resources, material resources, financial resources, and the dilemma of unable to raise funds independently. Therefore, social enterprises that use the business model to make profits and then use them for social services are derived. Wu Zongsheng, Zhou Zongying, and Zhang Yufan (2013) found that the number of news articles, large-scale seminars, and registered social entrepreneurs reported by Taiwan in social enterprises increased sharply. How to use social enterprises to achieve social services, social innovation and local industries are worth exploring. The biggest difference between today's local creation and community building in the last stage is the local industry. Therefore, local creation can be said to be the 2.0 version of the community, and one of the important elements is the local industry, and the business model is also an important part of the indispensable. Case studies have found that the interaction of local organizations in community development can be targeted, specific, and measurable. And how are the milestones achieved? How will the benefits be expanded in the follow-up? What is the interaction model? It is the main area of ​​this research. The New Hometown Cultural and Educational Foundation has long been involved in the reconstruction of the Taomi Li community in Puli Town. The initial “Frog Head” has driven the green industry to provide more than one-fifth of the working population of peach rice, creating a value of more than NT$100 million a year. "Reappearing the Puli Butterfly Kingdom", integrating ecology, education, industry and citizen participation, and even multi-units such as the Taomi Community Development Association, the Taomi Leisure Agriculture District Promotion Association, the Taoyuan Elementary School, the Taomi Community Development Association and the Day Administration Office. Participation and joint governance are examples of social enterprises creating community development. There is a low degree of interaction between Phases I and IV; there is more cooperation and less competition; less cooperation and more competition; both competition and cooperation. After the analysis, it was found that the transformation of each stage allowed the new hometown to compete with the Taomi community. In addition to establishing the current cooperation and competition, the development of local development, business model, and ecological environment will affect and help the local community. . It is also expected that the interactive model of successful experience can be used as a reference for Taiwan's local development.

This study examines the similarities and differences between the historical background and the current performance of Tamil and traditional Zulu marriages. After presenting an account of the historical development of Tamil and Zulu marriage ceremonies, a chronological account of the performance of each of these marriage ceremonies is presented. This account includes a detailed description of the rituals performed during the pre-marriage ceremonies, the actual marriage ceremonies and the post-marriage ceremonies. The incidence and significance of The Anthropology of Geste and Rhythm in each of these ceremonies are demonstrated. Selected Tamil and Zulu Marriage songs are then analysed and interpreted rhythmo-stylistically to demonstrate the incidence of the mnemonic laws of Bilateralism, Rhythmism and Formulism, which account for the transmission of traditions over generations, and which demonstrate the anthropological and psycho-biological nature of memory, understanding and expression as evident in the performance of Tamil and Zulu marriages in KwaZulu-Natal.<br>Thesis (M.A.)-University of Durban-Westville, 2002.

This diploma thesis is concerned with the possibilities of the social web data employment in social sciences. Its theoretical part describes the changes in education in the context of the dynamics of contemporary society within three fundamental (interrelated) dimensions of technology (the cause and/or the tool for the change), work (new models of collaboration), and economics (sustainability of free & open-source business models). The main methodological part of the thesis is focused on the issues of sampling, sample representativeness, validity & reliability assessment, ethics, and data collection of the emerging social web research in social sciences. The research part includes illustrative social web analyses and conclusions of the author's 2014 Coursera & Khan Academy on the Social Web research and provides the full research report in its attachement to compare its results to the theoretical part in order to provide a "naive" (as derived from the social web mentions and networks) answer to the fundamental question: "How to Create Self-Driven Education?" Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)