Relevant bibliographies by topics / Tamil literature

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Tamil literature'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Tamil literature"

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M, Christopher. "Life Problems of Tamils of Highlands in the Fictions of Maatthalai Somu." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, S-9 (July 27, 2022): 27–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt22s95.

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Immigrant Tamil literature has an important place in Highland literature. Highland Tamil literature can be considered a part of immigrant literature. It is a rich literary field with many literary genres like folk literature, poetry, short stories, novels, dramas, and essays. Highland writers have contributed to and enriched the field of literature. Their field of literature is expanding beyond the Sri Lankan highlands to include Tamil Nadu, European countries, and other countries in the world. In this way, Maatthalai Somu is an international Tamil writer who records Sri Lanka (Highland), India (Tamil Nadu), Australia and the lives of Tamils living in them. Highland literature is two hundred years old. European countries that conquered large parts of the world to accumulate capital, exploited the resources of their colonies and the labour of indigenous peoples. In this way, the British, who took control of Sri Lanka in 1815, ended the Kandy monarchy. In 1820, coffee plantations were started. After that, they also cultivated cash crops like sugarcane, tea, and rubber. The South Indian Tamils migrated and settled in the highlands for the manpower to work on these large plantations. These Tamils are called Highland Tamils. Famine and oppression in India in the nineteenth century also caused Tamils to immigrate to Sri Lanka. The hard labour of Tamils was used in creating and cultivating these plantations. The history and life problems of such highland Tamils have been recorded by the highland Tamil writer Maatthalai Somu in his fiction.
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M, Vadivel, and Amitha Darwin J. "The Expression of Music in the Theatre." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, S-19 (December 10, 2022): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt224s1913.

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Sangam Tamil consists of three major parts viz., Poetry, Music, and Drama. This is something that no other language in the world has. Hence, Tamil can also be called Muthamizh (The three kinds of literature in Tamil). Drama, along with music, has been developing gradually since time immemorial. Theatrical music is a mirror of worldly events. The literature also makes it clear that the Tamils excelled in art and culture. Therefore, on the basis of literary references, Poetic Tamil, Music Tamil, and Drama Tamil are the three Tamils that make history in many aspects. This approach seeks to explain from a variety of perspectives the work done by Thavathiru Sankaradas Swamigal on Musical Drama Text, mention of literary dramas such as play and dance, and his contribution to Tamil music and drama.
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Parthasarathy, R. "Tamil Literature." World Literature Today 68, no. 2 (1994): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40150137.

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K, Hemalatha. "Astronomical Knowledge of Sangam Tamils through Sangam Literature." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, S-6 (July 17, 2022): 139–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt22s619.

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The ancient Tamils were the ones who closely observed the astronomical events and changes occurring in the sky every day and told the world the thoughts related to astronomy. Names like Kanyan Poongunranar, Kanimethaviyar, Pakkudukkai Nakkaniyar etc. are proof that there were many people who excelled in the field of astronomy in Tamil Nadu. Astronomer Sylator has said that Tamil's system of celestial arithmetic is the most moderate of all the mathematics involved. The history of the past reveals that the Tamil race has been deeply entrenched in scientific spirit and thought since ancient times. Based on scientific news, Tamil has the honour of creating literature two thousand years ago. The Tamilian who moved the wheel of life grounded on a scientific basis that day has recorded his scientific thoughts in Tamil. Even before the vernacular connection and its consequent mythological dependence were visible in Tamil, the idea of cosmic elements like the world, planets, constellations, etc., was prevalent in Classical Tamil literature. General science encompasses various disciplines like physics, chemistry, medicine, botany, zoology, astronomy, etc. Among these is the branch called astronomy, which helps to understand the various elements of space. Since astronomy is a growing discipline and has a guiding platform for many future studies, the messages related to astronomy seen in Sangam poems are examined in this article.
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P, Sangeetha, and Nallasivam G.P. "War Ethics in Tamil Literature." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, S-19 (December 10, 2022): 347–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt224s1952.

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The war has been going on from the Sangam age to the modern day. However, there are certain rules that are followed for waging war. There are many more ethics followed in the Sangam warfare systems than in the methods of warfare of the 21st century. Tamil literature describes the war tradition of the Tamils as a number of morals. Among them, literary works such as Tolkappiyam, Purananooru, Purapporul, Venba Maalai, Pathiruppathu, and Thirukkural deal with the war tradition and ideology. The ancient scriptures bear testimony to the fact that the Tamils lived as incomparable in love and character. Ethics for waging war, protocols, and all war crimes that exist among nations today deserve attention. This article seeks to examine how battlefields, warriors, warfare processes, combat management, and the suffering caused by war are mentioned in the Sangam war stories, and how the principles of global warfare exist in today's times.
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Priya, S., and A. Ligoriya. "Musical Passages Found in Classical Literature." Shanlax International Journal of Tamil Research 6, no. 3 (January 1, 2022): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/tamil.v6i3.4621.

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Music is a very soft and subtle sound that cools the ears and soothes the soul. Ancient scholars have concluded that Tamil is a musical and musical drama. Music raises a wide variety of melodies from its instruments and instruments by the magnificence of the people. The classification system is still not found in any other language. Although there is no one who does not know the nature and differences of music in general and does not like music in general. Thiruvalluvar has concocted the idea that music and musical instruments existed among the Tamils even before the Sangam literature, even though the Sangam literature is a testament to the spread of music in Tamil. One of the great epics of Sangam literature, Tolkappiyam, Silappathikaram also contains many stories about Tamil music. The music now spreads from the educated to the palmer. Thus this article suggests that the place of music in literature is enormous.
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D, Vijayarani. "Scientific Records in Sangam Literature." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, S-13 (November 21, 2022): 144–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt224s1320.

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The Tamil language is more than 2,000 years old, age-old, and has dialects. The Tamil language has the nature of being a mother tongue and has the ability to mix with other languages. Classical literature, which encompasses all the characteristics, serves as a mirror of time that describes the life of man. Ancient Tamils did not explore science to the extent of exploring love and heroism, the gifts of fame and justice, which were two eyes in life. If the news is examined scientifically, one can learn the deep scientific knowledge of ancient Tamils. Tolkappiyam, one of the grammar books, looks at the distinctions between life and the five land distinctions, the measurement names mentioned by them, the characteristics of the planets, etc., with a scientific eye. It is also aimed at examining various scientific aspects of the solar system in the classical literature, such as the movements of the solar system, the calculations of the time, the observations on the disk, the rotation of the air, the rotation of the air, the space travel of the ancient Tamils, the use of aircraft, the knowledge of astronomy, etc.
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M, Manjula. "High Characteristics of Classical Literature." Indian Journal of Tamil 2, no. 4 (November 25, 2021): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.54392/ijot2143.

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Classical literature helps us to understand the ancient Tamil society. The ancient Tamil community was a society that followed high characteristics. Classical literature shows that when people follow high qualities in a society where they live together, it leads to equality, development and unity of society. The so-called characteristic sing-and-run step emphasizes the idea that the world should know the state of the world and adapt to it. The uniqueness of Tamils is due to the high qualities they followed. Classical literature also highlights the need to possess the highest qualities from the individual to the king. The purpose of this article is to examine the high qualities mentioned in classical literature such as Sangam literature and Thirukkural.
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S, Meenakshi. "A Five-Dimensional Theory of Life in Silambam." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, S-13 (November 19, 2022): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt224s1314.

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The oldest book we have in Tamil is the Tholkappiyam grammar book. The oldest literature is Sangam literature. Silappathikaram, which appeared during the Sangam Maruviya period (3rd Century–Dark period), was the first epic to appear in Tamil. There is evidence that there were countless books in Tamil before Tholkappiyam. The fact that literature sprang up before the Tolkappiyam and that they divided the lives of the people on the basis of a discipline testifies to the fact that grammar is written only from literature. Tolkappiyar also advocates life in that way. The Sangam literature that emerged after Tholkappiyam is also based on Thinai songs. After that, Silambam, the first epic in Tamil, puts before our eyes the theory of Thinai and the life of the Tamils who lived in it. This is a study of Silambam's Thinai theory as it established to the world the life of the Tamils in the full-length epic Silambam Thinaivazhi, which is a full-fledged epic, established to the world that the Sangam literature tradition, referred to by many as spare songs, oral songs, and folk songs is a figment of the imagination.
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S, Selvakumaran. "In Diaspora Countries - Tamil Culture and Arts." Indian Journal of Multilingual Research and Development 1, no. 1 (December 17, 2020): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/ijmrd2012.

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Unable to cope with the brutal Sinhala aggression against Tamils ​​in Eelam, the Eelam Tamils ​​emigrated to foreign lands in an attempt to uplift their language, art, literature and culture in the countries where they had settled for survival. As a result, they established Tamil schools in the countries where they lived and celebrated the festivals of the Tamils ​​such as Pongal festival and Deepavali festival, the spiritual festival of Murugan Kavadi dance festivel. During these festivals, the Tamil arts such as drama, silambam, oyil and kummi are performed with great diligence. In that sense, this article sets out to explore the way the Tamil diaspora promotes Tamil culture through their arts.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Tamil literature"

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Ebeling, Sascha. "The transformation of Tamil literature during the nineteenth century /." Köln : [s.n.], 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41008429c.

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Ramnarayan, Akhila. "Kalki's avatars writing nation, history, region, and culture in the Tamil public sphere /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1150484295.

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Balasubramanian, Ranganathan. "The Tirukkaḷiṟṟuppaṭiyār : transition from Bhakti to Caiva Cittāntam philosophy." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=99574.

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This thesis is a Tamil to English translation of Tirukkaḷirruppaṭiyar (TKP), composed by Uyyavanta Tevanayanar toward the end of the twelfth century C.E. The work contains one hundred quatrains of Tamil poetry composed in veṇpa meter. It is a poetic expansion of Tiruvuntiyar (TU), an earlier composition likely by the author's teacher's teacher. The TKP is a transitional text between the devotional religious bhakti(patti -Tamil) hymns of the nayanmar, who lived between the sixth century and the twelfth, and the Saiva-Siddhanta (Caiva Cittantam-Tamil) Theo-philosophical system, which developed between the thirteenth and the fourteenth centuries. TKP is the second work in the canon of fourteen texts called the Meykaṇṭa Sastra (Meykaṇṭa Cattiraṅkaḷ -Tamil), TU being the first. The introduction in the thesis discusses the date of the author, his position in the lineage of teachers, major themes found in the work such as the importance of a teacher, types of worship, miracles of the Saiva saints and final release from the cycle of births and deaths. TKP's similarities and differences with the TU, and how the TKP provides a foundation for later Saiva Siddhanta thought are addressed. Besides translation, each verse has a gloss and there are several appendices, tables and charts with additional information.
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Ramnarayan, Akhila. "Kalki’s Avatars: writing nation, history, region, and culture in the Tamil Public Sphere." The Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1150484295.

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Holt, Amy-Ruth. "Shiva’s divine play: art and literature at a South Indian Temple." The Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1196129102.

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Govender, Shanali Candice. "On the fringes of a diaspora : an appraisal of the literature on language diaspora and globalization in relation to a family of Tamil-speaking, Sri Lankan migrants to South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3609.

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While the language attitudes and reported behaviours of migrants have long been of interest to linguists, educationalists and sociologists, increased levels of global mobility and technological activity are changing the nature of migration. This mini-thesis considers competing paradigms of mobility including diaspora, transnationalism and super-diversity and emerges at the recognition that the shape of migration has changed considerably over the last 20 years, especially in the South African context. This new migration, characterised in this paper as a shift from diaspora to transnationalism, might have significant consequences for the way migrants conceptualise host countries and countries of origin. This study sought to investigate the language attitudes and behaviours of a family of recent Sri Lankan migrants to South Africa. The aim of the study was to describe their attitudes and reported language behaviours, and having done so, to consider whether, in theory, any of these language attitudes or behaviours might be related to longer-term language attitudes and behaviours such shift, maintenance or loss.
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Rocton, Julie. "Modes d’existence et d’appropriation de l’Abhinayadarpana de Nandikesvara : étude du texte, de son édition et de son usage dans le milieu du bharatanatyam." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0657.

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Cette thèse propose une étude sur l’Abhinayadarpaṇa, « le Miroir du Geste », de Nandikeśvara, traité sanskrit médiéval traitant de l’art de l’expression au moyen des gestes. Ce texte est aujourd’hui une référence théorique particulièrement populaire dans la pratique du bharatanāṭyam, la danse « classique » du Tamil-Nadu (Sud-Est de l’Inde), notamment depuis le tournant dit « revivaliste » dans les années 1930. Conjuguant les approches philologique et ethnographique, cette étude propose une analyse des différentes formes et modes d’appropriation de ce texte. L’étude et la traduction du texte sanskrit, l’analyse des phénomènes d’intertextualité avec d’autres traités sanskrits et des différentes « éditions-traductions » anglaises, ainsi que la présentation de l’usage actuel de ce texte par les praticiens de bharatanāṭyam (d’après les données d’un terrain d’un an à Chennai et à Pondichéry, trois séjours de 2013 à 2016) permettront, d’une part, d’appréhender le caractère polymorphe et dynamique de ce traité dont les formes reflètent les pratiques autant qu’elles les normalisent, et, d’autre part, de dégager une pratique du texte, de l’Inde ancienne à l’Inde actuelle, prenant la forme de commentaires discursifs et gestuels
This study focuses on Nandikeśvara’s Abhinayadarpaṇa, « The Mirror of Gesture », a medieval Sanskrit treatise about the art of gestural expression. Today this text is a very popular theoretical reference in the bharatanāṭyam milieu, the classical dance of Tamil Nadu (South-East India), since the so-called 1930s revivalism. Through philological and ethnographic approaches, this study aims at analysing the various forms and ways of appropriation of this text. The study and translation of the Sanskrit text, the analysis of intertextuality with other Sanskrit treatises and of various English « edition-translations », and the study of the contemporary use of the text by bharatanāṭyam practitioners (using original data from one year of fieldwork in Chennai and Pondicherry, 2013 to 2016) will make it possible, on the one hand, to explore the polymorphic and dynamic aspects of this treatise, whose forms both reflect and normalise practices - and, on the other hand, to distinguish a text-practice, from Ancient India to the present day, which takes the shape of a discursive and gestural commentaries
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Columbu, Alessandro. "Modernity and gender representations in the short stories of Zakariyyā Tāmir : collapse of the totalising discourse of modernity and the evolution of gender roles." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25910.

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Born in Damascus in 1931 Zakariyyā Tāmir is widely considered one of the most significant figures in the contemporary literary scene of Syria and the wider Middle East. This thesis addresses his literary trajectory and the ways in which representations of masculinity and femininity have changed throughout his career by situating the stylistic and thematic transformations in the context of major historical and political events in Syria and the region. Applying an approach that relates literary transformations to a rapidly changing political context, the research elucidates how the changing configurations of gender roles in Tāmir’s works can be understood in the context of what Kamal Abu- Deeb has described as a process of political and ideological fragmentation affecting the Arab East since the mid-1970s. Dividing Tāmir’s works into two periods (1958-1978 and 1994-2014) to connect them to the different historical conditions in which they appeared, this study examines the significance of masculinity, patriarchy, sexuality and female identity in relation to the collapse of the totalising discourse of modernity. The research scrutinises the ways in which this process has engendered a multiplication of voices and roles in his short stories. Employing Connel’s theory of hegemonic masculinity the study addresses the ways in which the mutually informing nature of masculinities and femininities in Tāmir’s stories channels compliance and/or subversion to patriarchy and patriarchal authoritarianism. In the first part, this dissertation puts into conversation Tāmir’s early works written in the late 1950s and early 1960s and the modernist trend. The organic relationship Arabic literature enjoyed with the project of national liberation is reflected in the fundamentally male-centred nature of the stories, leaving female characters at the margins of a progressive and existentialist struggle for emancipation from authoritarianism, patriarchy, religious tradition and exploitation. While examples from the very early stories show the significant presence of a genuine concern with the sexual dimension of female characters, episodes expressing a more openly political stance also exhibit a tendency to instrumentalise the female body in order to denounce the pervasiveness of the authoritarian state. The second part, devoted to the analysis of Tāmir’s latest works published since his self-imposed exile to the UK, looks at the emergence of prominent female characters openly expressing their sexual desire, simultaneously assessing their subjectivity and acting as decisive actors that shape the male protagonists’ masculinity. The analysis reveals how the works of this period retain a significant political charge, and brings together the appearance of original female characters and the correlated emergence of weak model of masculinity. In addition, stories typified by pessimism, as well as by extensive resorting to elements of Arab popular tradition, serve as illustrations of a peculiar form of Arab postmodernism which has appeared in Tāmir’s stories lately.
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Ibanez, Léticia. "L'habitant des seuils : Mauṉi (1907-1985) et son œuvre dans la construction de la modernité littéraire tamoule." Thesis, Paris, INALCO, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020INAL0026.

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Pionnier du récit introspectif en tamoul, Cupramaṇya Maṇi Aiyar dit Mauṉi (1907-1985) laisse une œuvre aussi dense que rare : 27 nouvelles publiées de 1936 à 1971 dont 21 retracent, dans un style élégiaque, les états d'âme de personnages en quête de sens. Ces récits, étroitement associés au milieu des « petits magazines » qui les ont promus, suscitent depuis les années 1930 une importante production de textes critiques dépeignant l'auteur tour à tour sous les traits d'un saint de l'écriture, d'un dilettante et d'un brahmane réactionnaire. L'objectif de cette monographie est double : expliquer ces discours et dégager leurs enjeux dans la construction de la modernité littéraire tamoule ; présenter à partir de nombreuses explications d'extraits une analyse des motifs et stylèmes propres à définir l'originalité de l'auteur. Cette dernière consiste pour nous en une poétique de l'entre-deux, dont chaque partie du développement étudie un aspect. La première mesure l'apport de Mauṉi sous l'angle de son hybridité culturelle. Elle décrit le contexte littéraire des années 1930, fournit une présentation d’ensemble des nouvelles et retrace leur réception critique. La seconde se concentre sur le travail du style pour montrer comment l'auteur, usant d'un lexique restreint, élabore une prose poétique reposant sur l'usage de modalisateurs, de paysages-états d'âme et de descriptions symboliques. La troisième étudie les principaux aspects de son mysticisme de la liminarité : intérêt pour les états modifiés de conscience, création de personnages oscillant entre le moi psychologique et le Soi impersonnel, descriptions d’extases esthétiques conçues comme des aperçus de l’infini. Enfin, la quatrième partie décrit les paradoxes qui constituent le sujet mauṉien dans son être-au-monde, sa conception de l’amour et son rapport à l’Histoire
A pioneer in the lyrical story in Tamil, Mauṉi (1907-1985) published 27 short stories, 21 of them exploring, in an elegiac tone, the characters moods as they search for ultimate meaning. These writings, closely associated with the little magazines that promoted them, generated an important production of critical texts alternately depicting the author as an ascetic of serious writing, a dilettante and a reactionary Brahmin.This monography aims both at explaining these discourses' implications in the construction of Tamil literary modernity and presenting an in-depth study of Mauṉi's writings. We argue that Mauṉi's originality lies in a poetics of the in-between, and each part of the thesis analyses a facet of his craft. The first one, which highlights Mauṉi's cultural hybridity, tries to assess his contribution to Tamil literature. It introduces the writer's cultural milieu, gives an overview of his writings and delineates their critical reception. The second part focusses on stylistics to show how Mauṉi develops a poetic prose based on the use of blurring effects, spirituality-oriented metaphors and symbolic landscapes. The third part describes the main aspects of his mysticism as an experience of liminarity : the depiction of altered states of consciousness, the creation of a character oscillating between the psychological I and the universal Self, the sacralization of the aesthetic experience as a glimpse of the Absolute. The fourth part describes the paradoxes constituting the mauṉian subject with reference to his way of being in the world, his conception of love, his viewpoint on culture and History
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Harris, Anthony Gardner 1973. "Obtaining grace: locating the origins of a Tamil Śaiva precept." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/3963.

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The central term in Tamil Śaiva religious vocabulary is aruḷ, designating Śiva's fundamental principle. It is widely regarded that Śiva's aruḷ spawned the cosmos, and to a practicing Śaiva, only Śiva's aruḷ can free a soul from the cycle of samsāra or rebirth. In a Śaiva theological context, the term debuts in medieval bhakti (devotional) hymns of the nāyan̲mār (poet-saints); over the course of four centuries (ca. 6th - 9th cents CE) the theological nuances of the term became increasingly intricate. In the last major devotional work produced, the Tiruvācakam (ca. 9th cent CE), Māṇikkavācakar expanded the semantic latitude of aruḷ, using it in ways that the previous Śaiva poets had not. Māṇikkavācakar created a space for arul to become the Śaiva identity mark par excellence. He used the term to indicate an array of theological aspects--Śiva himself, Śiva's grace, any action that Śiva undertakes, the path of knowledge that assists devotees in understanding the nature of the soul, and the mercy and compassion that Śiva has for his servants. While this list is not exhaustive, it points to the semantic breadth of arul as a Śaiva theological concept. This dissertation is an analysis of the semantic evolution of the concept arul through three genres of Tamil literature: classical (caṅkam) heroic and love poetry, and medieval Śaiva devotional poetry. I utilize a variety of texts for the project. From the eight anthologies of cankam poetry, I translate and analyze poems from the Pur̲anān̲ūru, Aiṅkur̲un̲ūru, Kur̲untokai, Akanān̲ūr̲u (ca. 1st century BCE to 4th century CE). From Śaiva bhakti literature, I focus on Māṇikkavācakar's Tiruvācakam. In reading from these texts, I trace the semantic continuity and interruption between the classical secular poetry and the medieval devotional poetry. I argue, among other things, that the cultural underpinnings of the concept remain intact as the term becomes incorporated in the technical vocabulary of Tamil Śaivism. The Śaiva authors were thus able to develop a new and unique style of religious literature that resonated with the cultural and literary past.
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Books on the topic "Tamil literature"

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Aruṇakiri, Mu. Tamil̲ ilakkiyattil aṅkatam =: Satire in Tamil literature. Maturai: Marakatam Patippakam, 1989.

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Pān̲umati, Ka. Tamil̲ ilakkiyaṅkaḷil An̲uman̲ val̲ipāṭu =: Hanuman worship in Tamil literature. Cen̲n̲ai: Añcan̲ā Patippakam, 1999.

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Varatarācan̲, Mu. A history of Tamil literature. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi, 1988.

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International Institute of Tamil Studies., ed. Tamil literature and Indian philosophy. Chennai: International Institute of Tamil Studies, 2001.

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John Samuel, G., 1948- editor and Institute of Asian Studies (Chennai, India), eds. Philosophical perspectives in Tamil literature. Chennai, India: Institute of Asian Studies, 2016.

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Mu, Uvais Ma. Muslim contribution to Tamil literature. Madras: Fifth International Islamic Tamil Literary Conference, 1990.

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In̲n̲āci, Cū. Dimensions of Tamil Christian literature. Madras: Mariyakam, 1994.

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Kiruṭṭan̲an̲, A. Literature and epigraphy of Tamilnadu. Delhi, India: Bhartiya Kala Prakashan, 1998.

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Samuel, G. John. Tamil studies by non-Tamils: A directory. Edited by Institute of Asian Studies (Madras, India). Chennai: Institute of Asian Studies, 2009.

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Sahabdeen, A. M. Mohamed. The Sufi doctrine in Tamil literature. Colombo-3, Sri Lanka (Ceylon): A.M.M. Sahabdeen Foundation, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Tamil literature"

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Sankaran, Chitra, and Gayatri Thanu Pillai. "Tamil Literature and Ecofeminism." In The Routledge Handbook of Ecofeminism and Literature, 68–77. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003195610-8.

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Kumar, Venkatesh. "Tolstoy Embracing Tamil." In Translating Russian Literature in the Global Context, 445–48. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0340.28.

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This essay begins with a personal insight into the achievements of my grandfather, Rao Sahib K Kothandapani Pillai. Born in 1896 at Andalur Semmangudi village in South India, Kothandapani Pillai is celebrated as the earliest Tamil writer to take the initiative of translating Tolstoy’s works into Tamil. A diplomat who read Tolstoy for pleasure, Kothandapani Pillai translated three stories––Two Old Men’ (‘Dva starika’, 1885), ‘How Much Land Does A Man Need?’ (‘Mnogo li cheloveku zemli nuzhno?’, 1886), and ‘A Lost Opportunity’ (‘Upustish’ ogon’––ne potushish’, 1885)––published in 1932 in Kadhaimanikkovai (Stories from Tolstoy), an academic textbook for primary-school children. The second part of this essay examines my grandfather’s translator-successors who, between 1930-1970, continued to produce Tamil translations of Tolstoy and other authors such as Maksim Gorky, Fedor Dostoevsky and Anton Chekhov, for Progress and Raduga publishers in Moscow.
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Jayaraman, T. "Logic in Tamil Didactic Literature." In Handbook of Logical Thought in India, 1–22. New Delhi: Springer India, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1812-8_8-1.

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Jayaraman, Thanga. "Logic in Tamil Didactic Literature." In Handbook of Logical Thought in India, 1–22. New Delhi: Springer India, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1812-8_8-2.

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Jayaraman, Thanga. "Logic in Tamil Didactic Literature." In Handbook of Logical Thought in India, 519–37. New Delhi: Springer India, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2577-5_8.

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Jayaraman, Thanga. "Logic in Tamil Didactic Literature." In Handbook of Logical Thought in India, 1–19. New Delhi: Springer India, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1812-8_8-3.

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Holmström, Lakshmi. "The Modern Tamil Novel: Changing Identities and Transformations." In Indian Literature and the World, 135–51. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-54550-3_6.

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Mahalingam, M. "Language, Literature and Cultural Identity: A Narrative from the Malaysian Tamil Diaspora." In Literature of Girmitiya, 23–41. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4621-9_2.

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Kundu, Tanmoy, Ujjwal Kr Panda, and Kevin McGrath. "Sacral and Profane: Kingship, Society, and Tamil Nationalism in Ilanko Atikal's the Cilappatikaram." In Indian Classical Literature, 137–48. London: Routledge India, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003482499-19.

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Wilden, Eva. "The Trope of Sanskrit Origin in Premodern Tamil Literature." In Narratives on Translation across Eurasia and Africa, 271–96. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.cat-eb.5.127945.

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Conference papers on the topic "Tamil literature"

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Anita, R., and C. N. Subalalitha. "An Approach to Cluster Tamil Literatures Using Discourse Connectives." In 2019 IEEE 1st International Conference on Energy, Systems and Information Processing (ICESIP). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icesip46348.2019.8938315.

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Modak, Jayant P., Girish D. Mehta, and Pramod N. Belkhode. "Computer Aided Dynamic Analysis of the Drive of a Chain Conveyor." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-59157.

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Literature indicates availability of dynamic analysis of a drive shaft of a chain conveyor in a limited way. Relations for estimation of a conveyor chain pull to overcome, (i) Rolling resistance of the track, (ii) Tail sprocket and drive sprocket shaft bearing friction resistances, (iii) Drive and tail sprocket chain binding resistances and (iv) Impact loading on the chain have been only derived [1,2]. However, further extension to deduce the load torque demand on drive sprocket during one articulation of the chain is not seen derived in the literature. This paper details this, followed by digital computer simulation including illustration of application of this new procedure to a representative case study. Work on the same lines is not much seen in the literature. However, similar work by Harrison [4] is done for the belt conveyor.
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De Sousa Silva, Diogo Vinícius, and Frederico Araújo Durão. "A Hybrid Approach to Recommend Long Tail Items." In XXIV Simpósio Brasileiro de Sistemas Multimídia e Web. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/webmedia.2018.4550.

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Techniques in recommendation systems generally focuses on recommending the most important items for a user. The purpose of this work is to generate recommendations focusing on long tail items, and then to conduct the user to less popular items. However, such items are of great relevance to the user. Two techniques from the literature were applied in this study in a hybrid way. The first technique is through markov chains to calculate node similarity of a user item graph. The second technique applies clustering, where items are separated into distinct clusters: popular items (short tail) and non-popular items (long tail). Using the Movielens 100k database, we conducted an experiment to calculate the accuracy, diversity, and popularity of the recommended items. With our hybrid approach we were able to improve the recall by up to 27.97 % when compared to the markov chain-based algorithm, which indicates greater targeting to long tail products. At the same time the recommended items were more diversified and less popular, which indicates greater targeting to long tail products.
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Harlow, D. Gary. "Lower Tail Estimation of Fatigue Life." In ASME 2019 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93104.

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Abstract Uncertainty in the prediction of lower tail fatigue life behavior is a combination of many causes, some of which are aleatoric and some of which are systemic. The error cannot be entirely eliminated or quantified due to microstructural variability, manufacturing processing, approximate scientific modeling, and experimental inconsistencies. The effect of uncertainty is exacerbated for extreme value estimation for fatigue life distributions because by necessity those events are rare. In addition, typically, there is a sparsity of data in the region of smaller stress levels in stress–life testing where the lives are considerably longer, extending to giga cycles for some applications. Furthermore, there is often over an order of magnitude difference in the fatigue lives in that region of the stress–life graph. Consequently, extreme value estimation is problematic using traditional analyses. Thus, uncertainty must be statistically characterized and appropriately managed. The primary purpose of this paper is to propose an empirically based methodology for estimating the lower tail behavior of fatigue life cumulative distribution functions, given the applied stress. The methodology incorporates available fatigue life data using a statistical transformation to estimate lower tail behavior at much smaller probabilities than can be estimated by traditional approaches. To assess the validity of the proposed methodology confidence bounds will be estimated for the stress–life data. The development of the methodology and its subsequent validation will be illustrated using extensive fatigue life data for 2024–T4 aluminum alloy specimens readily available in the open literature.
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Weiler, Michael, and J. Brandon Dixon. "Characterization of Near-Infrared Functional Lymphatic Imaging in the Rat Tail Model." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14765.

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The lymphatic vasculature is present in nearly every tissue of the body to serve essential functions in fluid homeostasis, immune cell trafficking, and lipid transport, and it has been implicated in the progression of several diseases. Despite the critical roles that this system performs, very little is known about the lymphatic vasculature in comparison to the blood vasculature, which can be attributed, in part, to the difficulty associated with imaging lymphatic vessels. With the growing interest in studying lymphatics, near-infrared (NIR) imaging has emerged in the literature as a novel lymphatic imaging modality to simultaneously improve spatial resolution to visualize small initial lymphatics and increase temporal resolution to capture the dynamic lymphatic pump function responsible for fluid propulsion.
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Tabak, Ahmet Fatih, and Serhat Yesilyurt. "Validated Reduced Order Models for Simulating Trajectories of Bio-Inspired Artificial Micro-Swimmers." In ASME 2010 8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels collocated with 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-30857.

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Autonomous micro-swimming robots can be utilized to perform specialized procedures such as in vitro or in vivo medical tasks as well as chemical surveillance or micro manipulation. Maneuverability of the robot is one of the requirements that ensure successful completion of its task. In micro fluidic environments, dynamic trajectories of active micro-swimming robots must be predicted reliably and the response of control inputs must be well-understood. In this work, a reduced-order model, which is based on the resistive force theory, is used to predict the transient, coupled rigid body dynamics and hydrodynamic behavior of bio-inspired artificial micro-swimmers. Conceptual design of the micro-swimmer is biologically inspired: it is composed of a body that carries a payload, control and actuation mechanisms, and a long flagellum either such as an inextensible whip like tail-actuator that deforms and propagates sinusoidal planar waves similar to spermatozoa, or of a rotating rigid helix similar to many bacteria, such as E. Coli. In the reduced-order model of the micro-swimmer, fluid’s resistance to the motion of the body and the tail are computed from resistive force theory, which breaks up the resistance coefficients to local normal and tangential components. Using rotational transformations between a fixed world frame, body frame and the local Frenet-Serret coordinates on the helical tail we obtain the full 6 degrees-of-freedom relationship between the resistive forces and torques and the linear and rotational motions of the swimmer. In the model, only the tail’s frequency (angular velocity for helical tail) is used as a control input in the dynamic equations of the micro-swimming robot. The reduced-order model is validated by means of direct observations of natural micro swimmers presented earlier in the literature and against; results show very good agreement. Three-dimensional, transient CFD simulations of a single degree of freedom swimmer is used to predict resistive force coefficients of a micro-swimmer with a spherical body and flexible tail actuator that uses traveling plane wave deformations for propulsion. Modified coefficients show a very good agreement between the predicted and actual time-dependent swimming speeds, as well as forces and torques along all axes.
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Montomoli, Francesco, and Michela Massini. "Gas Turbines and Uncertainty Quantification: Impact of PDF Tails on UQ Predictions, the Black Swan." In ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2013-94306.

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In the last five years Uncertainty Quantification (UQ) techniques became popular to predict gas turbine performances. Taking into account the uncertainties in the input parameters it is possible to evaluate the impact of random variations and to overcome the limitations of deterministic studies. These methods, that only recently have been widely used in computational fluid dynamics, have some limitations that must be considered. One of the most important limitations is that these models cannot predict a “Black Swan” (BS) event. In probability a Black Swan is an event rare, possible and with serious consequences. A reliable design requires a correct evaluation of the probabilities of occurrence of the Black Swan that could strongly affect the life of the turbine. Black Swans are generated by the variability of the input parameters in the “tail” of the statistical distributions. Being far from the mean value design geometry/condition, these events have a low probability of occurrence. In this paper is shown that the use of the Gaussian distribution for the input parameters could strongly underestimate the probability of occurrence of a Black Swan event. Despite that most of the models used in UQ for aerodesign are neglecting the problem. As an example of Black Swan, the hot gas ingestion across a stator is analysed. The gaps have been assumed to be affected by uncertainty with a variation of +/-50% of the nominal value. By using a Monte Carlo simulation with 108 realizations and a Gauss distribution as input, the configuration is initially considered reliable. The six sigma criterion is also satisfied and the probability to have a failure is only 2.54 10−4%. However if a “fat tail” for the input distribution is used instead, the probability to have hot gas ingestion becomes 2.33%, 104 times higher. Most of the methods used in literature aim to have an accurate reproduction of the PDF moments such as mean, standard deviation, skew and kurtosis. However the “tail” of the distribution affects the gas turbine life and must be considered. In particular “fat tails”, the mathematical origin of Black Swans events, can have serious consequences, but in modern stochastic models used for computational fluid dynamics they are not accounted for.
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Gagnon, Louis, and Pierangelo Masarati. "Autonomous Untethered Flight of Multibody Dynamics Rotorcraft With Cycloidal Rotors." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85152.

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Multibody dynamics models of a helicopter and two cycloidal rotor aircraft concepts capable of vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) are constructed. The first concept aircraft is a helicopter equipped with two lateral cycloidal rotors acting as a replacement for its tail rotor and is named the Heligyro. The other concept is named the Quadricyclogyro and is propelled exclusively by four cycloidal rotors whose axes are aligned. The autopilot algorithm is implemented as a proportional, integral, and derivative (PID) controller and is tuned using a genetic optimization algorithm directly on the multibody models. Aircraft vibration and energy requirements are monitored and fed as penalty functions to the genetic algorithm. The time-domain responses of the aircraft attempting to follow mission paths of variable complexity obtained from the literature are studied. Overall, the tuned VTOL aircraft are able to reproduce the requested routes with good accuracy if a certain speed threshold is respected.
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Koz, Mustafa, and Serhat Yesilyurt. "Simulation-Based Analysis of a Biologically-Inspired Micropump With a Rotating Spiral Inside a Microchannel." In ASME 2008 6th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2008-62323.

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Microorganisms such as bacteria use their rotating helical flagella for propulsion speeds up to tens of tail lengths per second. The mechanism can be utilized for controlled pumping of liquids in microchannels. In this study, we aim to analyze the effects of control parameters such as axial span between helical rounds (wavelength), angular velocity of rotations (frequency), and the radius of the helix (amplitude) on the maximum time-averaged flow rate, maximum head, rate of energy transfer, and efficiency of the micropump. The analysis is based on simulations obtained from the three-dimensional time-dependent numerical model of the flow induced by the rotating spiral inside a rectangular-prism channel. The flow is governed by Navier-Stokes equations subject to continuity in time-varying domain due to moving boundaries of the spiral. Numerical solutions are obtained using a commercial finite-element package which uses arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method for mesh deformations. Results are compared with asymptotic results obtained from the resistive-force-theory available in the literature.
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Anand, K., and S. Sarkar. "Experimental Investigation of Separated Shear Layer Over a Flat Plate for Various Angles of Attack and Tail Flap Deflections." In ASME Turbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2014-26113.

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Shear layer development over a thick flat plate with a semi-circular leading edge is investigated for a range of angles of attack under different imposed pressure gradients for a Reynolds number of 2.44×105 (based on chord and free-stream velocity). The features of the separated shear layer are very well documented through a combination of surface pressure measurement and flow visualization by particle image velocimetry (PIV). The instability of the separated layer occurs because of enhanced receptivity of perturbations leading to the development of significant unsteadiness and three-dimensional motions in the second-half of the bubble. The onset of separation, transition and the point of reattachment are identified for varying angles of attack and imposed pressure gradients. The reattachment point shifts from 12.5% to 53% of chord resulting in enhancement of bubble length from 5% to 47%, while onset of transition shifts upstream from 14% to 7.5% as α increases. The Reynolds number based on the length of laminar shear layer is found to be in the range of 0.7×104 to 2.0×104. The separated shear layer fails to reattach attributing to bubble bursting at α = 12° for β = −45°, while, it bursts at α = 5° for β = +45°. The bubble falls in the category of short bubble for α < 3°, whereas, it becomes long for α ≥ 3°. The data concerning laminar portion and reattachment points agree well with the literature.
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