Journal articles: 'Tamil Nadu'

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M, Kayalvizhy. "History of Tamil Nadu People and Culture-A Review." Indian Journal of Tamil 1, no. 4 (December 6, 2020): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/ijot2042.

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Tamil Nadu have an ancient history. But this history has not been fully revealed. Lack of evidences, unauthorised source materials where the setback for that. But K.K.Pillai’s “History of Tamil Nadu People and Culture” book has been considered as a valuable and authentic work in Tamil Nadu history. This book follows scientific method of research writings. In this book K.K. Pillai try to give full history of Tamil people from pre historic period to modern times. It also proved that Tamil people have an ancient glory and heritage. The author also rejected some false ideas about Tamils past. K.K. Pillai’s this work prevailed as an authentic and reliable work in the history of Tamil Nadu.

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Pranav Vaidya, Aarav, Fr Joseph Chacko, Fr Joseph Chacko Chennattuserry, and L. T Om Prakash. "Language, Nationhood, and Isolation in the Lives of Sri Lankan Tamil Refugees in India." MONDI MIGRANTI, no. 1 (March 2023): 61–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/mm2023-001004.

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Divisions and resentments between the Tamils and the Sinhalese, two major ethnic groups in Sri Lanka, led to the exodus of Tamils to the neighbouring state of Tamil Nadu in India. From the beginning of the first major conflict in the early 1980s to the peak of the Eelam war in 2008-2009, it is estimated that over three millions lakh Sri Lankan Tamils have migrated to India, mostly to the southern state of Tamil Nadu. A majority of them were put in over 115 government-run refugee camps. These migrants preferred Tamil Nadu over other states in India for two major reasons: firstly, its proximity to the conflict area; secondly the common lin-guistic, cultural, and ethnic identities both the Sri Lankan Tamil migrants and the native Tamils share. The present paper is an attempt to understand the life of these refugees in Tamil Nadu, where they share many commonalities with the Tamil inhabitants. Earlier studies show that irrespective of these commonly shared identities between the migrant Tamil refugees from Sri Lanka and the native Tam-ils, a process leading to the repatriation of the former is preferred over their integration and assimilation with the latter. The present study attempts to capture the process of ‘othering' refugees although they share common linguistic and ethnic identities with the host community.

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Sahaya Darcius, P. "A Research on the Etymology of Dravidam (Dravidianism)." Shanlax International Journal of Tamil Research 6, no. 2 (October 1, 2021): 22–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/tamil.v6i2.4410.

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There have been numerous critics found in Tamil Nadu since the introduction of the phrase ‘Dravidam’ (Dravidianism). The criticism on ‘Dravidam’ was at its peek when DK (Dravida Kazhagam), Dravida Nadu, DMK (Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam), were very popular among the masses of Tamil Nadu. There is a general opinion that Bishop Robert Caldwell was the first to use the word Dravidam. There are also stories saying Dravidam is not Tamil and Dravidians are not Tamils. Therefore, it is natural for anyone to question the verity of Dravidam. Is Dravidam an illusion? Or is it a fabricated story? With these questions in my mind I started researching the Sangam Literature and the historical documents extensively. I have found a plethora of evidence confirming Dravidam and Tamil are not different. Dravidam is Tamil and Tamil is Dravidam

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Raja, A. "Adichanallur, Sivagalai, Korkai Excavations and Ancient History." Shanlax International Journal of Tamil Research 8, no. 2 (October 1, 2023): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/tamil.v8i2.6736.

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In recent times in Tamil Nadu, the Tamil Nadu Government Archeology Department has carried out excavations at Adichanallur, Sivagalai and Korkai. These excavations have yielded abundant evidence of the ancient culture of Tamils. These evidences help a lot in knowing and creating human history. By subjecting this archaeological evidence to scientific analysis, its antiquity has been determined. Through this, the aim of this study is to study the ancient history, culture, lifestyle and civilization of Tamils. These studies explain the life, socio-economics, art, culture, literacy and trade of the 3200 years old Tamil society.

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Raj, T. D. Sundar. "Tamil Nadu." Indian Journal of Public Administration 32, no. 4 (October 1986): 1075–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019556119860417.

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M, Kavitha. "The Charity of Jainism to Tamils based on Naladiyar." Indian Journal of Tamil 3, no. 2 (May 22, 2022): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.54392/ijot2226.

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Jainism spread in Tamil Nadu in the 3rd century AD. Jains aim to show love and grace to all. The people of Tamil Nadu embraced Jain religious ideas. Jains contributed to Tamil by composing many books, ranging from Sangam literature to grammar books. In this, the Jains have emphasised many virtues, such as wealth, impermanence, the impermanence of the body, not desiring other women, friendship with virtuous people, and tolerance of mistakes made by friends. The purpose of the Jain religion in Tamil Nadu was to spread their religion among the people. Although on one hand, they tried to spread the Jain religion, on the other hand, they composed various books in Tamil for the Tamils and in the Tamil language for the people to cherish in their minds. In the books composed by them, generally how an individual should live in society, the virtue of not causing suffering to even a small life, and the principles of justice such as morality and dharma are emphasized.

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Murugathas, Ammankili. "Female Dancers in Ancient Tamil Tradition Rise and Fall – From 200 BC to 300 AD." Shanlax International Journal of Tamil Research 6, no. 1 (July 1, 2021): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/tamil.v6i1.4165.

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The history of origin and development of dance and music tradition of Tamils in the ancient period can be traced merely from Cangam literature-Ettuthokai and Patthuppattu . The period of this literature is considered from 200 BC to later period of 300 AD or early part of the 4th century AD. There is no other evidences excavated about the ancient dancers from archeological sources. K.A Neelakanda Sastry, historian of Tamil Nadu used Ettuthokai and Pattuppattu as a significant source to write the ancient history of Tamil Nadu, as evidences for the history because of non availability of archeological evidences at that time. Ancient Dance tradition of Tamils was originated from the indigenous dance tradition of Tamils, lived in Kurinji (hill Countryand nearby lands) Mullai (pastoral region) Marutham (rivarbanks) Neithal (Coastal Area) and Palai (desert).Cangam literature shows that the tribal people of these lands performed ritual dances . These performances are the roots to the origin of Tamil dances , after that, with the establishment of stateformation of Tamil Nadu skill dancers and minstrels developed new forms of dances and music, in later period these dances were being called as Vettiyal. Dancers and minstrels were lived under the patronage of the kings of Tamil Nadu and loved by the kings. These performers praised the kings’ victory, their patronization and nvolved in their patrons’ family life also. Ritual dances were performed in Cult spots and war front.The literature shows that some of these performances have been developed as classical dances. Nowadays there is an opinion about Baratha natiyam that it was originated from sanskrit sources. But the ancient history of this dance tradition clearly shows that Baratha natiam was originated from the ancient dance tradition of Tamil Nadu. This study focuses the origin and development of dance tradition of ancient Tamils and the performances of female dancers of thisera, and flourished life of the the mas well asin the decline of the kings of three monarchy and other patrons how the dancers lost their wealthy life in the period.

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Sivaramakarishnan, JR. "Devikottai in History." Shanlax International Journal of Tamil Research 6, no. 3 (January 1, 2022): 109–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/tamil.v6i3.4635.

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Tamil Nadu has been known for its unique art and architecture since the Sangam era. The temples, palaces and other structures found here help to understand the architectural techniques of the Tamils. The Indian architectural tradition in general can be divided into two types. One is biologically related palaces, mansions, halls, shops, constructions in cities, residential complexes located in rural areas. The other is the temples associated with worship. In this context where temple-based studies have been carried out extensively in Tamil Nadu since the European period, it is not uncommon for Tamil Nadu researchers to pay little attention to the study of fortification techniques. Accordingly, this article is based on the data obtained in an attempt to fully unravel the history of Devikottai in the Nagai District.

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Fuchs, Stephen, Robert Deliège, and Robert Deliege. "Les Paraiyars du Tamil Nadu [The Paraiyar of Tamil Nadu]." Asian Folklore Studies 49, no. 1 (1990): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1177971.

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M, Christopher. "Life Problems of Tamils of Highlands in the Fictions of Maatthalai Somu." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, S-9 (July 27, 2022): 27–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt22s95.

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Immigrant Tamil literature has an important place in Highland literature. Highland Tamil literature can be considered a part of immigrant literature. It is a rich literary field with many literary genres like folk literature, poetry, short stories, novels, dramas, and essays. Highland writers have contributed to and enriched the field of literature. Their field of literature is expanding beyond the Sri Lankan highlands to include Tamil Nadu, European countries, and other countries in the world. In this way, Maatthalai Somu is an international Tamil writer who records Sri Lanka (Highland), India (Tamil Nadu), Australia and the lives of Tamils living in them. Highland literature is two hundred years old. European countries that conquered large parts of the world to accumulate capital, exploited the resources of their colonies and the labour of indigenous peoples. In this way, the British, who took control of Sri Lanka in 1815, ended the Kandy monarchy. In 1820, coffee plantations were started. After that, they also cultivated cash crops like sugarcane, tea, and rubber. The South Indian Tamils migrated and settled in the highlands for the manpower to work on these large plantations. These Tamils are called Highland Tamils. Famine and oppression in India in the nineteenth century also caused Tamils to immigrate to Sri Lanka. The hard labour of Tamils was used in creating and cultivating these plantations. The history and life problems of such highland Tamils have been recorded by the highland Tamil writer Maatthalai Somu in his fiction.

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Thayanithy, Murugu. "A study of the Dathan Inscription." Indian Journal of Tamil 3, no. 3 (August 27, 2022): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.54392/ijot2236.

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The biographies and historical identities of the Tamils are given prominence in the form of inscriptions, manuscripts and pottery. There are many inscriptions and manuscripts in Batticaloa and Tamil Nadu in Sri Lanka. Thus, the Dathan inscription is one of the major inscriptions referring to the Batticaloa Prehistory and the Batticaloa Manmiyam. This inscription identifies Dathan who came to Batticaloa during the reign of Ethirmannasingan, the Kalinga king who ruled Batticaloa. Dathan, who came from Kongu Naadu in India and belonged to the Vaishnava religion, came here to teach the Pandavas about the exile. The Pandiruppu Thiraupadi Amman Temple is a continuation of this. In such a context, the Pandiruppu Thiroupathi Amman Temple is the first temple in Sri Lanka. Following this many Thiroupathi Amman temples were established in Batticaloa Tamil Nadu. Bharatanatyam is spread in the background of this Dathan inscription and one can also see the rhymes associated with the story of bharatha Ammanai that have arisen here. Following that, the goddesses are also beginning to write Bharat Goddess Ammanai, Vaikuntha Goddess Reading. All these goddesses have arisen in Batticaloa Tamil Nadu with the input of story of bharatham. It also shows the history of the Sinhala king Vimaladharmasooriya I who ruled Kandy and clarifies the grant given by the emperor to the Pandiruppu Thiroupathi Amman temple.

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Raju, Mohankumar. "Antenatal care coverage of pregnant mothers in Tamil Nadu: evidence from National Family Health Survey 4." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 7, no. 2 (January 28, 2020): 760. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20200463.

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Background: The sustainable development goal emphasises on reduction in mothers dying due to pregnancy. Recommended care for the pregnant mothers will help achieve this goal. Tamil Nadu is one of the best performing state in maternal and child health care. Author analysed the full antenatal care coverage of pregnant mothers of the districts of Tamil Nadu by using National Family Health Survey (NFHS)-4 data. Methods: Author did a secondary data analysis of NFHS 4 data for the districts of Tamil Nadu for understanding the MCH coverage. Results: Tamil Nadu showed 45% full AN coverage with 46.3% in urban and 43.8% in rural population, among 32 districts, Krishnagiri (65.5%) is the best performing and Virudhunagar (13.7%) is the poorest performing district of Tamil Nadu. Full AN coverage includes at least 4 AN check-up, vaccination of tetanus toxoid and consumption of 100 IFA tablets in last pregnancy. Tamil Nadu showed 81.1% of at-least 4 AN visit, 71% with vaccination for TT and 64% on consumption of 100 IFA tables. Similar coverage trend among the components of full ANC coverage is seen among all the districts of Tamil Nadu. Conclusion: Focusing on the coverage of IFA tablet consumption and also showing special interest among the rural population will increase the coverage. A detailed assessment for understanding the reasons for poor performance among the districts of Tamil Nadu is needed for better evidence-based practices.

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Kamalakannan, Manokaran, and Paingamadathil Ommer Nameer. "A checklist of mammals of Tamil Nadu, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 11, no. 8 (June 26, 2019): 13992–4009. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.4705.11.8.13992-14009.

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A checklist of mammals of Tamil Nadu State is presented in this paper. Accepted English names, scientific binomen, prevalent vernacular names in Tamil, IUCN conservation status, Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act schedules, the appendices in the CITES, endemism, the distribution of species in India, the Western Ghats & plains of Tamil Nadu, and the complete bibliography pertaining to the 132 species of mammals of Tamil Nadu are given.

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Komal Kumar, N., R. Lakshmi Tulasi, and D. Vigneswari. "Investigating dengue outbreak in Tamil Nadu, India." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 18, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 502. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v18.i1.pp502-507.

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<p><span>Dengue has been indigenous to India in last decade. There was a major outbreak in the state of Tamil Nadu in 2017. Here, we investigate the dengue outbreak in parts of Tamil Nadu, India. Dengue case data were obtained from the hospital records in the Chennai district of Tamil Nadu. The data were analyzed using statistical approaches such as correlation and regression. The result shows that the dengue outbreak in Tamil Nadu during 2017 was due to the population, water stagnation, and sewage, whereas the human activity weren’t the cause of the dengue outbreak which caused 65 deaths. Male constitutes 54.71% whereas female accounted for 45.29% of dengue incidence in Tamil Nadu, majority deaths were children aged less than 10 years due to the outbreak of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF). This investigation was evaluated using mathematical regressions, Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) regression outperformed Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression model in detecting dengue incidence. This investigation can be strengthened by implementing a surveillance system in parts of Tamil Nadu before an outbreak.</span></p>

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Nimmy, P., M. RajMohan, R. Sindhu, D. Prabu, Dinesh Dhamodhar, S. Sathiyapriya, V. V. Bharathwaj, and S. Savitha. "Prevalence of Dental Caries in Tamil Nadu State, India: A Comprehensive Umbrella Analysis." Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences 16, Suppl 2 (April 2024): S1474—S1480. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_845_23.

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ABSTRACT Dental caries is a major public health concern among other oral diseases in most developing and industrialized countries, particularly in those nations where preventative programs have not yet been developed. Adults and the elderly population in Tamil Nadu also face significant challenges related to dental caries beyond children and adolescents. This systematic review examined the comprehensive epidemiology of dental caries in all age groups in Tamil Nadu. The articles were collected using various electronic databases. From the 4509 initially collected articles, 22 articles were chosen for the current umbrella analysis. The collective dental caries prevalence for Tamil Nadu state, India, from 22 studies with 33,584 study participants was 42.8%, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 42.3–43.4%. Among the four regions of Tamil Nadu, Eastern Tamil Nadu showed the highest dental caries prevalence of 82.2%. Thus, the strategies by the government of Tamil Nadu should focus on raising awareness about improving oral hygiene practices, seeking access to timely oral healthcare treatments, and strengthening the oral healthcare infrastructure.

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M, Kayalvizhy. "Invasion of Kumara Kampana against Tamil Nadu." International Research Journal of Tamil 2, no. 1 (January 30, 2020): 57–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt2014.

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In the 13th and 14th century Tamil Nadu was attacked and ransomed by Muslim invadours of Delhi. The Delhi Sultanate successfully established a rule at Maurai city and this province was named as Mabar country. Hindu religion and and culture were suffered a lot in the hands of them. To save the religion and culture an invasion was took by Kumara Kampana prince of Vijayanagar Empaire. He made a war against Tamil Nadu and defeated the Sambuvaraya kings at first and then marched towards Madurai. Finally the Mabar Muslim rulers were defeated and the Muslim rule came to an end. Then Tamil Nadu cames under Vijayanagar rule. Kumara Kampana gave a good administration to Tamil Nadu with the help of his efficient associates. This invasion has considered as land mark in the history of Tamil Nadu.

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K, Umadevi. "Identity of Tamil Tribal." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, S-7 (July 30, 2022): 237–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt22s737.

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The archeological documents, the antiquity of the language, and the ethnic culture are the basic factors to know the history of Tamil. Based on these facts, the research book “Tamilar Ataiyalankal” written by researcher K. Nedunchezhiyan was published in 2006. Nine articles are included in this book which has won the best book award of 2006 by the Tamil Nadu Government annually. his article describes the establishment of Tamil values and Tamil culture by combining the triads of Tamils with the triads set by the Tamils, the astronomical thought of the Tamils, the coincidence theory that is opposite to the Vedic tradition, and the accidental events that can occur in human life, i.e. the reaction, and the worship traditions of the tribal Tamils as a set of three: prosperity-heroism-knowledge.

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Murugesan, Sendil. "Caucasus and the Tamils." Caucasus Journal of Social Sciences 8, no. 1 (November 6, 2023): 11–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.62343/cjss.2015.142.

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Tamils constitute the Indo-Dravidian races of South India. Ancient foreign contacts with the Tamils are well documented in the works of Strabo, Megasthenes, Sangam anthology Aganaanooru. This research article proposes that Tamil civilization is based on the Graeco-Colchic and Armenian ones. The exodus of people from Cappadocia, Colchis and Cilicia provided the majority of settlers in Tamil Nadu. The Georgian origin of the Tamil script attains significance in view of the fact that Tamil is the focal point from which Dravidian languages have diverged. The community pattern of the ancient Tamils resembled the Greek model with Panar, Idaiyar groups being prevalent on both sides. The Caucasian ancestral origin of the Tamils makes them possibly the lone surviving group of Indo European races in South India.

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Nalini, T., and S. Manickavasagam. "Records of Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) parasitoids on mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) from Tamil Nadu, India." Check List 7, no. 4 (June 1, 2011): 510. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/7.4.510.

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Twenty nine species of encyrtids are recorded from the survey conducted during 2008-2010. The encyrtids were reared from mealybugs collected in various districts of Tamil Nadu. Of the 29 species listed here, 11 species are new distributional records for Tamil Nadu and for 27 species new host records are reported for India. Rhopus nigroclavatus is a previously recorded species from Tamil Nadu.

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Devi, Tanmay, and Kaushik Gopalan. "A Statistical Model of COVID-19 Infection Incidence in the Southern Indian State of Tamil Nadu." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 17 (September 5, 2022): 11137. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191711137.

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In this manuscript, we present an analysis of COVID-19 infection incidence in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. We used seroprevalence survey data along with COVID-19 fatality reports from a six-month period (1 June 2020 to 30 November 2020) to estimate age- and sex-specific COVID-19 infection fatality rates (IFR) for Tamil Nadu. We used these IFRs to estimate new infections occurring daily using the daily COVID-19 fatality reports published by the Government of Tamil Nadu. We found that these infection incidence estimates for the second COVID wave in Tamil Nadu were broadly consistent with the infection estimates from seroprevalence surveys. Further, we propose a composite statistical model that pairs a k-nearest neighbours model with a power-law characterisation for “out-of-range” extrapolation to estimate the COVID-19 infection incidence based on observed cases and test positivity ratio. We found that this model matched closely with the IFR-based infection incidence estimates for the first two COVID-19 waves for both Tamil Nadu as well as the neighbouring state of Karnataka. Finally, we used this statistical model to estimate the infection incidence during the recent “Omicron wave” in Tamil Nadu and Karnataka.

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Kamala, I. Merlin. "Peristence behavior of Carbosulfan in Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) Forage." Horticulture International Journal 6, no. 2 (May 20, 2022): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/hij.2022.06.00248.

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Kunin, Marsha A. "In Vellore, Tamil Nadu." JAMA 309, no. 24 (June 26, 2013): 2524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2013.511.

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Manimegalai, A. P. "An Analysis of the Drug Distribution Model in the Public Health Services in Tamil Nadu." Scholars Academic Journal of Pharmacy 10, no. 12 (December 13, 2021): 206–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sajp.2021.v10i12.002.

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Based on the field work in Tamil Nadu, this article analyses the procurement and dissemination functioning of the Tamil Nadu Medical Services Corporation (TNMSC), including the problems faced by different stakeholders’ viz. doctors, patients and pharmaceutical companies and also the stakeholders outside Tamil Nadu. The Tamil Nadu model of procurement and distribution of medicines under TNMSC is acclaimed as a successful model for its centralized-swift actions. However there were some inconsistencies hampering TNMSC to remain a model as there were the no availability of drugs as per approved essential drugs list, shortage and incomplete availability of drugs, and a shift from centralized procurement to local purchase arrangement of some drugs across Tamil Nadu. It also observed not only the quantity, quality and number of drugs procured and distributed, not matching with the health need of patients, but also the doses are not effective. In order to do that there is a need to revamp its centralized procurement pattern and dissemination of drugs to various public health systems in Tamil Nadu. By doing this, it can avoid the high-cost private medicines being promoted even by government doctors, and truly make the public health system successful and a top model in this country.

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GEETHANJALI, S., VEDA KRISHNAN, T. UMA MAHESHWARI, and S. T. M. ARAVINDARAJAN. "Phytochemical profile of onion (Allium cepa) var. aggregatum: Comparative study of TNAU varieties with a local indigenous." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 94, no. 3 (March 12, 2024): 263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v94.i3.135587.

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Aggregatum onion (Allium cepa L. var. aggregatum Don.) is widely grown and consumed in southern India. Present study was carried during 2020–23 at Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College and Research Institute (Tamil Nadu Agricultural University), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu to map the metabolites and other dietary nutrients contributing to nutraceutical potentials between indigenous varieties and aggregatum onions varieties of Tamil Nadu. Experiment consisted of Co (On) 5 and Co (On) 6 (Tamil Nadu Agricultural University released varieties) and an indigenous variety from Perambalur (PL), Tamil Nadu. In the present study, metabolites of all the 3 varieties were mapped with the GCMS/MS, and the PL was shown to have high phytonutrients with health benefits. Further, in UHPLC, quercetin was identified with a sharp, well resolved symmetrical peak for all the three onion varieties with the retention time of 64.5, 65.5 and 64.5 min respectively. The Co (On) 6 is the improved variety of Co (On) 5 with a quercetin content of 75.05 ± 0.30 mg/kg, followed by PL (11.11 ± 0.51 mg/kg). However, the native cultivar PL (4.52 ± 0.15 mg/kg) has the highest anthocyanin content followed by Co (On) 6 (4.00 ± 0.10 mg/kg). This study therefore, provides preliminary information on metabolites and phenolics in the selected onion varieties of Tamil Nadu.

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Anandakumar, S., and G. Ramakrishnan. "பழங்குடிகளும் பொது வெளிச்சமூகமும் - ஓர் பார்வை." Shanlax International Journal of Tamil Research 5, no. 3 (January 1, 2021): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/tamil.v5i3.3641.

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India has one of the largest concentrations of tribal population in the world after Africa. The Tribal areas of India are mostly sheltered and remote, as a result of it a very little is known about their conditions and problems. The tribes are more compared not only in relation to the general population, but also compared with scheduled caste, the other acknowledged backward social group with constitutional protection. Tamil Nadu is one of the major states of the southern zone in India, consists of important tribal groups. The tribal areas of Tamil Nadu can be broadly divided into two major geographical dimensions such as the eastern coastal line and the mountainous regions of the north and west. The average elevation of the Eastern Ghats is 2000 feet and the highest peak is 6000 feet. This range is not continuous in Tamil Nadu. The Indian Sub-continent, in the Indian geographical area of Tamil Nadu covers about 1, 30,000 sq kms, representing nearly four percent of the total geographical area. There are more than 40 different tribes in Tamil Nadu. Scholars believe that most languages are closely related to Tamil and belong to the Dravidian language family.

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Vijayakumar, B. "A Comparative Study of ‘Kāman Festival’ in Tamil Nadu and the Archaeological Remains of Madan Kamdev Temple in Assam." Shanlax International Journal of Tamil Research 7, no. 4 (June 5, 2023): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/tamil.v7i4.6214.

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Rathi and Manmadha are the epitomes of beauty who stand as witnesses of unrequited love in Puranas. The story of Manmadha who holding his sugarcane bow and stirring the hearts of lovers with flowers, burning to ashes due to Shiva’s anger and coming back to life due to Rathi’s prayer, is widely popular among the people. The event is celebrated under the name ‘Kaman festival’ as one of the popular festivals of Tamils. Many Tamil classical texts refer to this festival which was celebrated as a grand festival. The story of Manmadha being burnt by Shiva is still celebrated as a common festival every year in the villages of Tamil Nadu. Kaman, who was regarded as the god of love, has many accounts of his early beginnings as a deity to be worshipped. Similarly, the common story is presented with variations across the India. It is now served as ’Kamandi’ in some parts of Tamil Nadu. This article aims to compare the social environment of the time by analyzing the festival celebrated in Tamil Nadu in the southern part of India, the history of the Madan Kamdev temple discovered by the archeology department of Assam state in the north-eastern part of India, and the sculptures of the temple and the sentiments of the people.

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R. GOWTHAM, V. GEETHALAKSHMI, N. KUMAR, A. LAKSHMANAN, K. BHUVANESWARI, GA. DHEEBAKARAN, and K. SENTHILRAJA. "Drought analysis and management for Tamil Nadu: Science-stakeholder-policy linkage." Journal of Agrometeorology 22, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 429–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.54386/jam.v22i4.445.

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The complex and multi-dimensional nature of droughts in Tamil Nadu state and its impact on agricultural sector and farming community requires a thorough analysis for developing short and long– term adaptation and mitigation measures with institutional arrangement and policy support. In the present investigation, drought analysis was made for Tamil Nadu state using 148 years (1871 – 2018) monthly rainfall data obtained at district scale from India Meteorological Department (IMD) and Tamil Nadu Agricultural University by employing various drought indices. Larger co-efficient of variation (139 and 149 %) during the major growing seasons (Southwest and Northeast monsoon)evidenced high undependability of rainfall over Tamil Nadu. Drought Index (DI) analysis indicated a 51 per cent drought years in SWM and 48 per cent in NEM season, while Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) exhibited 43 and 48 per cent of drought years in SWM and NEM respectively, indicating occurrence of drought once in every four years. More number of Consecutive Drought years (CDY) posed serious impacts on food production and livelihoods. Drought management framework as well as input for designing drought policy for Tamil Nadu.

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S, Sudarkodi, and Balasubramani S. "WOMEN EMPOWERMENT THROUGH FREE BUS TRAVEL SCHEME IN TAMIL NADU: SPECIAL REFERENCE TO VILLUPURAM DISTRICT." International journal of multidisciplinary advanced scientific research and innovation 1, no. 8 (October 10, 2021): 157–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.53633/ijmasri.2021.1.8.02.

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This article has mainly focused on the innovative scheme of free bus travel and how it benefited the people and sparked to empower the women in the male centric society. Tamil Nadu is a welfare State which implemented innovative schemes for enhancement of people status gradually. On the consequence, the Government of Tamil Nadu has announced the scheme for women welfare and empowerment named “Free Bus Travel Scheme” which has given the free travel to all women in Tamil Nadu. The intention of the scheme was announced by the Government of Tamil Nadu to increase the mobility of women. This scheme has increased the women’s mobility and their savings. Tamil Nadu, being a role model for implementing the innovative free schemes for entire India. All the state has attributed the concept for their convenience and applied the different phenomenon. Earlier, Tamil Nadu Government has given the doles and freebies to the people, especially those have in the poverty line. Some of the electronic goods also provided to enhance the economic and educational enhancement. Now the tern has changed beyond the stereo type of schemes and programs. Conceptually, the Government has announced the free travel for all women might be stupendous character which directly or indirectly enhance the women status and empower the women in this society. Keywords: Women Empowerment, Innovative schemes, free bus travel, economical enhancement.

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Vasanthakumar, Duraikannu, Radheshyam Murlidhar Sharma, and Palanisamy Senthilkumar. "A new distribution record of the gall midge Octodiplosis bispina Sharma (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) from the Western Ghats of Tamil Nadu, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 11, no. 14 (November 26, 2019): 14906–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.4317.11.14.14906-14907.

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Studies on the insect fauna especially gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) of Tamil Nadu are relatively less in comparison to the other Indian region. Only fourty eight species of Cecidomyiidae have been reported so far from this region. The present study reports a gall midge,Octodiplosis bispina Sharma, 1987 as a new distributional record from Western Ghats of Tamil Nadu. Previously this species was reported from Aurangabad (Maharashtra) and Andaman Islands. The known distribution of this species now includes Tamil Nadu as well.

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Kesavalu, K., R. Asokan, and A. Abdul Raheem. "Horticulture Scenario in Tamilnadu: Progress and Constraints." Shanlax International Journal of Economics 9, no. 3 (June 1, 2021): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/economics.v9i3.3972.

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Horticulture is now acknowledged as being a vital driver for economic development, poverty reduction and enhanced nutrition for populations in developing countries. Tamil Nadu is one of the foremost horticulture States in India, contributing 7.7 percent to the national horticultural production with 5.7 percent of the national level area. The horticultural crops contain the remarkable potential for export earnings within the State. Cardamom and pepper are important species of Tamil Nadu; Plantation crops of Tamil Nadu are coffee and tea, and that they are traditionally exporting products. Flowers have small areas in Tamil Nadu, but the price of production per hectare is substantial. Palmarosa and indigo are cultivated in negligibly small rooms, mostly for export. Therefore, this paper examines the progress, problems and constraints of the horticulture scenario in Tamilnadu.

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Krishnachandran, Sampath Kumar, and Kathiresan K. "Cyperus javanicus Houtt. (Cyperaceae): Addition to the sedges flora of Tamil Nadu, India." Indian Journal of Forestry 41, no. 4 (December 25, 2018): 403–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2018-0i75uu.

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Selvakumari, R., T. J. S. Rajakumar, S. Murugesan, and N. Chellaperumal. "Leucas Anandaraoana Umamahesw & P. Daniel (Lamiaceae)- A Strict Endemic - located in other than type locality." Indian Journal of Forestry 36, no. 4 (December 1, 2013): 525–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2013-0kx630.

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Leucas anandaraoana Umamahesw & Daniel (Lamiaceae) a strict endemic of Ramanathapuram and Tuticorin districts in Tamil Nadu, India. It was collected in other than type locality from Kudiraimozhi theri (KMT), Tuticorin district, Tamil Nadu.

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Sivagnanam, K. Jothi, and K. Murugan. "Impact of Hybrid Rice Cultivation on Farmers’ Livelihood in Tamil Nadu." Journal of Land and Rural Studies 8, no. 1 (November 22, 2019): 22–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2321024919883101.

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This study explores new varieties of Hybrid rice and its impact on overall production and productivity in Tamil Nadu. The data for this study have been collected from two districts, namely Nagapattinam and Tiruvarur of Tamil Nadu. These districts are harvesting relatively higher concentration of hybrid rice within the group of National Food Security Mission districts in Tamil Nadu. In each of the districts of Nagapattinam and Tiruvarur, two representative blocks, namely, Kuttalam and Mayiladuthurai and Needamangalam and Valangaiman were taken, respectively, and within each block two villages were selected. After introduction of hybrid rice technology since 1994, there has been slow development in that technology in Tamil Nadu, mainly because of the unawareness of the benefits of the hybrid rice, and the farmers mainly use the high yielding variety (HYVs) because of cost-effectiveness. Even after two decades, the hybrid rice technology did not spread all over Tamil Nadu due to lukewarm policies of the government, unfamiliarity with the technology and high cost of cultivation and shortage of labour force. Therefore, the farmers did not shift their cropping pattern from HYVs into hybrid rice technology.

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Singh, Jayakant, and Enu Anand. "The Nexus between Child Marriage and Women Empowerment with Physical Violence in Two Culturally Distinct States of India." International Journal of Population Research 2015 (December 7, 2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/458654.

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Summary. We investigated the relationship between child marriage among young women and their level of empowerment with spousal physical violence in two culturally distinct states of India (Bihar and Tamil Nadu) using nationally representative survey data. Empowerment index was calculated taking into account parameters such as mobility, economic independence, and decision-making power of a woman using Principal Component Analysis method. Lower level of women empowerment was significantly associated with physical violence in Tamil Nadu (OR = 2.38, p<0.01) whereas marriage before the age of 15 was associated with physical violence in Bihar (OR = 3.27, p<0.001). The mean age at marriage was low among women who reported physical violence as compared to those who did not report physical violence across Bihar and Tamil Nadu and at all India level. Although the majority of the women in Tamil Nadu justified wife beating and witnessed father beating mother as compared to the women from Bihar, however, they were less likely to report physical violence than women from Bihar. Factors contributing to physical violence are distinct in Bihar and Tamil Nadu. Culture specific intervention may be considered while planning intervention strategies to curb spousal violence against women.

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T, Rajpravin. "Rationality of Documented Indigenous Technical Knowledge on Coconut Cultivation in Coastal Farming System of Tamil Nadu." Madras Agricultural Journal 102, December (2015): 381–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.001139.

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The study was conducted in all the twelve coastal districts of Tamil Nadu with 240 farmers as respondents. The selection of farm respondents was on the basis of their awareness and adoption of indigenous technologies in agriculture, based on personal interview method. The association of farmers with the development agencies working in the study area was also considered as a criterion for the selection. Twenty farmers representing each block of twelve districts in Tamil Nadu with a total of 240 respondents have been identified and assisted in the collection of information on indigenous agricultural practices. On consultation with an expert committee of extension scientists, the identified items were sent to 60 scientist of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University for testing the rationality. The findings of this study revealed that out of 14 indigenous technologies on coconut cultivation, one was found to be irrational. The rational items had higher awareness and adoption. The identified practices being rooted in the rural culture of Tamil Nadu could be easily disseminated through extension system, which may assist in developing ecofriendly agricultural practices and creation of new farming systems for the benefit of resource poor farmers in coastal areas of Tamil Nadu.

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Saravanan, Thokuluva, and Seventhilingam Kaliamoorthy. "Heterotis (Melastomataceae): A new generic record for Tamil Nadu, India." Indian Journal of Forestry 44, no. 3 (January 31, 2022): 115–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2022-ym25fd.

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Heterotis is reported from the Nilgiris district in Tamil Nadu. It forms the first record of the genus Heterotis in Tamil Nadu. A detailed description, notes and colour photographs are provided for easy identification in the field.

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Murugesan, M., and V. Balasubramaniam. "A Checklist of endangered, rare and threatened plants in Velliangiri hills, Tamil Nadu, India with special reference to Peninsular Indian endemic plants." Journal of Non-Timber Forest Products 16, no. 3 (September 1, 2009): 225–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps2000-2009-t5jje9.

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The present paper highlights the endangered, rare and threatened plants in Velliangiri hills of the Western Ghats of Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadu, India with special reference to peninsular Indian endemic plants. Among the total number of 174 species, 19 species are endemic to Peninsular India, 113 species are endemic to Western Ghats, 22 species to Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, 20 species to Tamil Nadu with only one species endemic to present study area. Apart from these, among the total number of 174 species, 13 species are reported first time from the state of Tamil Nadu.

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Rajakumar, T. J. S., R. Selvakumari, S. Murugesan, and N. Chellaperumal. "Murdannia lanceolata (Wight) Kamm. (Commelinaceae) - An Endangered Species Recollected After A Lapse of 56 Years from Agasthyamalai Biosphere Reserve, Tamilnadu, South India." Journal of Non Timber Forest Products 23, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 55–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps2000-2016-t80kw9.

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Murdannia lanceolata (Wight) Kamm. (Commelinaceae) is an endangered species of Tirunelveli hills (Southern Western Ghats), Tamil Nadu, India. It was recollected after a lapse of 56 years from Kannikatti forests, Tirunelveli District, Agasthyamalai Biosphere Reserve, Tamil Nadu, South India.

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Sivasankaran, Kuppusamy, Durairaj Parandhaman, and Savarimuthu Ignacimuthu. "Insecta, Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Catocalinae: new records from the state of Tamil Nadu and whole of India." Check List 8, no. 4 (August 1, 2012): 759. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/8.4.759.

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Adult moths of the Noctuidae subfamily Catocalinae from Tamil Nadu, Western Ghats are reviewed. During this study, eleven species have been newly recorded from Tamil Nadu (Western Ghats) and one species has been recorded from India for the first time.

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CHATTOPADHYAY, N., and G. S. GANESAN. "Probability studies of rainfall and crop production in coastal Tamil Nadu." MAUSAM 46, no. 3 (January 2, 2022): 263–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v46i3.3252.

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Studies are made of the probability of Occurrence of annual and seasonal rainfall, wet and dry spells on monthly basis throughout the year and on weekly basis during the northeast monsoon season for various stations in coastal Tamil Nadu. It has been observed that amount of rainfall received is more in the stations north of Alangudi and north of Tondi in the northeast and southwest monsoon seasons respectively at all the probability levels. However, the quantum of rainfall is more in stations south of Adiramapattinam during the hot weather period. Number of wet spells are more from July to September in the stations of north costal Tamil Nadu. During the northeast monsoon season also wet weeks are mainly confined to the stations of north coastal Tamil Nadu. Analysis of production figures of some rainfed crops shows more productivity (k8I1\a) in north than in south coastal Tamil Nadu.

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RAJ, Y. E. A., and B. AMUDHA. "Hydrological and meteorological features associated with onset of southwest monsoon over Tamil Nadu." MAUSAM 55, no. 1 (January 19, 2022): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v55i1.879.

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A simple statistical concept has been advanced to determine the onset dates of southwest monsoon over Tamil Nadu. The normal onset date has been found to be 4th June with a standard deviation of 6 days based on 22 years of data. It has been shown that the feeble increase in rainfall over Tamil Nadu in association with the onset is not sustained subsequently and the rainfall decreases in the second half of June. The daily upper air data over Chennai and Karaikal for 10 years have been studied and the change in the temporal profiles of these parameters in response to the monsoon onset over Tamil Nadu has been clearly brought out. Some of the unique features of monthly rainfall distribution of Tamil Nadu vis-à-vis those of other meteorological sub-divisions of India in relation to southwest monsoon onset have been discussed.

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Loganathan, Archana, and Ramesh Nachimuthu. "Antibiotic resistance, biofilm forming ability, and clonal profiling of clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from southern and northeastern India." Asian Biomedicine 16, no. 4 (August 1, 2022): 191–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/abm-2022-0023.

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Abstract Background Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogen endemic in India and sometimes deadly for patients in intensive care units. Objectives To determine the antibiotic-resistance pattern, biofilm forming ability, and clonal type of S. aureus from isolates collected in Tamil Nadu (south) and the Mizoram (northeast) regions of India. Methods We collected S. aureus isolates from diagnostic laboratories in Tamil Nadu and Mizoram. An antibiotic susceptibility test was performed according to Clinical Laboratory and Standards Institute methods. Antibiotic-resistant determinants such as mecA, mecC, blaZ, vanA, vanB, and vanC were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). All isolates were further studied for biofilm forming ability. Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR was used for clonal analysis. Results A study of 206 clinical isolates showed 52.9% prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus in Tamil Nadu and 49.4% in Mizoram. Minimum inhibitory concentration tests showed a high prevalence of 67% oxacillin resistance in isolates from Tamil Nadu and 49% in isolates from Mizoram. PCR showed 53% mecA in Tamil Nadu and 49% mecA in Mizoram. Vancomycin-intermediate resistance S. aureus (VISA) prevalence was lower in isolates from Tamil Nadu (4%) and Mizoram (5%). All methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates formed biofilms. Clonal analysis revealed a genetic relatedness between the isolates. Conclusions The prevalence of MRSA is high in the regions studied, with most of the clinical isolates being multidrug resistant. Adopting appropriate community-based preventive measures and establishing antimicrobial stewardship is highly recommended to minimize the dissemination in antibiotic resistance.

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Anuja, A., V. K. Yadav, V. S. Bharti, and N. R. Kumar. "Trends in marine fish production in Tamil Nadu using regression and autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 9, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 653–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v9i2.1252.

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Tamil Nadu is situated in the south eastern coast of the Indian peninsula with a coastal line of 1076 km (13% of the country’s coast line), 0.19 million sq.km of EEZ (9.4 % of total national EEZ) and a continental shelf of about 41,412 sq. km. This is one of the country’s leading state in marine fish production and ranks third in marine fish production. In Tamil Nadu, Ramanathapuram district is a leading maritime district followed by Nagapattinam and Thoothukudi. The objective of this study was to investigate the trends in marine fish production in Tamil Nadu. Yearly fish production data for the period of 1988-1989 to 2012-2013 were analyzed using time-series method called Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model and Regression analysis (curve estimation). In our study, the developed best ARIMA model for Tamil Nadu marine fish production was found to be ARIMA (1, 1, 1) which have the minimum BIC (Bayesian Information Criterion). ARIMA model had got a slightly higher forecasting accuracy rate for forecasting marine fish production of Tamil Nadu than Regression trend analysis. The independent sample test showed there was no significant difference between the two models. The limitations of ARIMA model include its requirement of a long time series data for better forecast. It is basically linear model assuming that data are stationary and have a limited ability to capture non-stationarities and nonlinearities in series data. Both the models indicated that Tamil Nadu marine fish production has plateaued and fishermen should be encouraged to adopt sustainable fishing practices.

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V, Rani. "Human elements from an anthropological point of view." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, SPL 1 (January 24, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt22s11.

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During the time when the human race lived nomadically without a place, Man was given grammar and the lord of nanilam was Thamizhan. Sangam literary songs are an immovable historical trace of society, which is an experiential experience of Tamils who have touched the top of happiness by treating life as a boon. In Tamil Nadu, ethnic groups are discriminated against on the basis of dinas. This discrimination is in line with anthropological interpretation. Both birth and death were considered sacred in the tribal society. They realized the changes in nature and changed their lives accordingly. Changes are considered to be the stages and steps of the development of the ethnic society. As the tribals of Tamil Nadu merged with the other classes, many cultural elements developed in their lives. Human origin, ethnic identities, primary divisions of anthropology, Tamil origin, speciality of human species, status of tribes in India etc. are explained.

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Sumathi, H. R. "A STUDY OF SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF TRIBES IN THE NILGIRI DISTRICT, TAMIL NADU." International Journal of Advanced Research 11, no. 12 (December 31, 2023): 498–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/18010.

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Tamil Nadu, one of the major states of southern zone in India, consist of 36 important groups live in different district. According to the census of 2011, the scheduled Tribe population in Tamil Nadu constitute 1.10%of the total population. The Tribal Topography in Tamil Nadu broadly divided into three categories viz., 1) Tribal concentration areas 2) Dispersed tribal area and 3) Primitive tribal areas. According to the Ministry of tribal Affairs, Nigiri district had the highest percentage of tribal population area in Tamil Nadu came under the primitive tribal areas because of the presence of six primitive tribal groups (PTGs) viz., Todas, Kotas, Kurumbas, Paniyas, Irulas and Kattunayakans. Each of these tribes maintain unique cultural traits. All these tribes coexisted locally in a loose caste like community organisation. In our study facilitates to understand the social development of the six primitive tribal groups in Nilgiri district and provide an overall pictures of development initiatives by the government of India and Tamil Nadu Government for the upliftment of these tribal people and also focus on the status of theses tribal how they empowered themselves through self-help groups and other organisations. The study reveals that a number development programme, schemes, policies have been introducing to improve the well-being of tribal people.

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PAULMURUGAN, Dr S. "A STUDY ON TREND AND GROWTH OF MANGO IN TAMIL NADU." Psychology and Education Journal 58, no. 2 (February 20, 2021): 6593–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i2.3193.

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In this paper analysis Area, Production and Productivity of Mango in Tamil Nadu, Mango is a very delicious and widely liked fruit all over the world. It is called the “King of Fruits” that makes it the most popular fruit than others. Total fruit production of India is about 90 million tonnes of which mango production is about 18 million tonnes sharing 20 % of the total fruit production. Leading mango producing states are Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Bihar Gujrat, Maharashtra, and Tamil Nadu. Leading mango exporting states of the country are Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Gujrat, West Bengal, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.

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Ravichandran, Gayathri, and SangHun Nam. "Interwoven Legacies: Exploring the Rich Textile Traditions of Korea and Tamil Nadu (India) through Cross-Cultural Influences." International Journal of Religion 5, no. 5 (April 5, 2024): 152–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.61707/rp1c5q26.

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This paper explores the textile traditions in Korea and Tamil Nadu, delving into their historical evolution, cultural significance, and cross-cultural influences. Korea, known for its deep-rooted traditions, and Tamil Nadu, celebrated for its ancient Dravidian culture, offer unique insights into the world of textiles. This research examines potential historical connections and cultural exchanges between these traditions. It also highlights shared elements in weaving techniques, materials, and symbolism. The study emphasizes the contemporary relevance of these traditions and the challenges and opportunities they face in a modern context. Ultimately, it unveils the intertwined legacies of Korean and Tamil Nadu textiles.

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Jeyalakshmi, C., and V. Valluvaparidasan. "DISTRIBUTION OF MICROORGANISMS IN THE PARTHENIUM WEED INFESTED SOIL OF TAMIL NADU." Journal of Biopesticides 03, no. 03 (December 1, 2010): 523–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.57182/jbiopestic.3.3.523-525.

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ABSTRACT Survey conducted to assess the distribution of soil microorganisms in the Parthenium infested soils of Tamil Nadu revealed that the Parthenium infested soil harboured 13 microorganisms that included Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, A. fumigatus, Chaetomium globosum, Corynespora cassicola, Curvularia lunata, Curvularia sp., Eurotium chavelari, Fusarium oxysporum, F. moniliforme, Monilia sp., Rhizopus stolonifer and Trichoderma harzianum. Among this, A. niger and R. stolonifer were found to be present throughout Tamil Nadu. Both A. flavus and T. harzianum ranked next with an equal distribution of 78.57 per cent. Monilia sp. and C. cassicola represented poor percentage distribution (17.86%) in Tamil Nadu.

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Padmini, S., and Pramila Ramani. "Perceptions of B.Ed Faculty Members on the Course 'Understanding the Disciplines and Academic Subjects' Offered in Tamil Nadu Teachers Education University." Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies 49, no. 3 (November 9, 2023): 251–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajess/2023/v49i31152.

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The main goal of teacher education programs, like the Bachelor of Education (B.Ed.), is to develop a deep understanding of different disciplines and academic subjects. To become effective teachers, a broad knowledge of various academic disciplines and subjects is crucial for students pursuing a Bachelor of Education (B.Ed) degree. The course 'Understanding the Disciplines and Academic Subjects' is primarily offered in the B.Ed program for this purpose. This study examines faculty members' perceptions of a specific course and their challenges when teaching sub-topics. Research Question: What is the perception of B.Ed faculty members at Tamil Nadu Teachers Education University regarding the course 'Understanding Disciplines and School Subjects' in the B.Ed programme? What are the perceptions of B.Ed faculty members at Tamil Nadu Teachers Education University regarding the sub-topics of the course 'Understanding Disciplines and School Subjects' in the B.Ed programme? Research objectives: This study aims to investigate the perceptions of B.Ed faculty members regarding the course "Understanding Disciplines and School Subjects" in the B.Ed program at Tamil Nadu Teachers Education University. The study population consisted of Tamil Nadu Teachers Education University faculty members who taught in the Cuddalore district of Tamil Nadu in 2023. In the Cuddalore district of Tamilnadu, 30 colleges offer B.Ed programmes. These colleges employ approximately 420 faculty members. Study Sample: The researchers chose 42 faculty members who were teaching B.Ed. at Tamil Nadu Teachers Education University in the Cuddalore district of Tamil Nadu in 2023. The study employed cluster sampling as the sampling technique. A random sample of five out of thirty colleges was chosen, and all faculty members teaching in these colleges were included in the investigation. Hypothesis: The perceptions of B.Ed. faculty members regarding the importance of learning the subject 'Understanding Disciplines and School Subjects' exhibit a slight difference. The study's findings will assist educators in developing pedagogical strategies and adapting the teaching-learning process to enhance course comprehension.

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Ram Mohan, M. P., and Krittika Chavaly. "The Supreme Court of India and Inter-State water dispute: an analysis of the judgments on Mullaperiyar Dam." Water Policy 17, no. 6 (June 3, 2015): 1003–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2015.194.

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This paper addresses the issue of the Mullaperiyar Dam dispute between Kerala and Tamil Nadu with specific reference to the two judgments delivered by the Supreme Court of India on the matter. This paper attempts to examine the arguments, facts, and the judgment of the Court on each of the primary issues raised during the course of the dispute. The first case was filed by the Mullaperiyar Environmental Protection Forum in 2001, wherein the Court adjudged the case in favour of the respondents, the State of Tamil Nadu. Consequently, due to certain developments, examined in the course of the second case, the State of Tamil Nadu filed a petition before the Supreme Court against Kerala in 2006 seeking relief for the actions on the part of the latter after the judgment in the first case. A Constitution Bench was constituted to adjudicate this case, which re-examined certain issues raised during the first case and conclusively laid down its decision in favour of Tamil Nadu.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Tamil Nadu'

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