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1
Ubayasiri, Kasun. "Media, Tamil Tigers, terrorism and the internet: The cyber interface between the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) and mainstream media." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2008.
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Sri Lanka is the theatre of a three decade-long armed ethnic conflict between the predominantly Sinhala government and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eel am - the militant group fighting for a separate state for the island's Tamil speaking people. This contemporary conflict is rooted in a perceived historical crisis between Tamil and Sinhala ethnic groups which spans more than two millennia.
This study examines the perceived historical crisis between the two lingua ethnic nations from a postmodern perspective, to better understand the contemporary interpretation which has led to a militant and at times terrorist conflict. It also focuses on the fusion of contemporary and historical narratives used by the LTTE to further their strategic goals.
The study defines the notion of terrorism as a politico-military strategy stripped of its populist pejorative interpretations, to understand the strategy of terrorism as part of a communication process designed to terrorise a target audience and demand its political compliance by harnessing terror as a psychological weapon.
The study further discusses the role of traditional mainstream media in this communication process and the result of state imposed media censorships set in place to prevent terrorist news voices from reaching the media consumer.
This thesis argues media censorship creates a news media vacuum ideally suited to terrorist-backed alternative cyber media, such as Tamilnet, which are resistant to state imposed media censorship. This results in the alternative media being the only significant source of news from the conflict zone, creating a media monopoly which allows terrorist narratives and politically loaded reports to filter into mainstream media copy.
Based on an analysis of Tamilnet, this study outlines the role of terrorist-backed cyber media and its relationship with traditional and contemporary sources of news in the current media landscape.
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Connor, Robert J. "Defeating the modern asymmetric threat." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02Jun%5FConnor.pdf.
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Maurus, Jonathon R., Jeccel O. Ortiz, and Michael R. Haytasingh. "Liberation Tigers of Tamil Elam, Aum Shinrikyo, Al Qaeda, and the Syrian crisis: nonstate actors acquiring WMD." Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/38975.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.This thesis analyzes the attempts of three groups (Liberation Tigers of Tamil Elam, Aum Shinrikyo, and al Qaeda) to acquire, use, and deploy chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear weapons. Terrorist groups seeking a weapon of mass destruction (WMD) capability face numerous constraints such as intent to acquire/manufacture and/or use a WMD, recruiting the essential personnel with expertise in WMDs, obtaining the necessary materials, having access to the necessary facilities, and being able to make the technological leap in creating a delivery system. These constraints have severely limited most terrorist groups from pursuing a WMD capability; however, there are a few groups that made some effort to overcome these constraints, groups like the LTTE, Aum Shinrikyo, and al Qaeda. Each sought to realize this goal of achieving a WMD capability. The current situation in Syria may present an opportunity for terrorist groups to circumvent particular aspects of the constraints already mentioned, making it easier for them to develop a WMD capability.
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Campbell, Latisha T. "Why Female Suicide Bombers? A Closer Look at the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam and Chechen Separatists." VCU Scholars Compass, 2014. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3625.
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The central hypothesis of this study is that terrorist organizations choose to use females as suicide bombers not only as tactical innovation but also to “signal” or send a message to various audiences. In order to meet the research objectives of this study, two terrorist organizations—the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam and the Chechen Separatists or those individuals associated with the Chechen Resistance—are examined in detail from their inception through 2013 using a structured focused comparison methodology.
Evidence is found to support both of the studies’ main hypotheses. First, female suicide bombers are used by terrorist organizations because they are a 1) tactical advantage, and 2) to “signal” or send a message to various audiences. Their “entertainment” or shock value maximizes the psychological punch intended for delivery to a variety of audiences. These two reasons are not mutually exclusive but are colored by contextual considerations unique to each case. While deliberation was given to a variety of socio-political factors unique to each organization—such as popular support for suicide attacks perpetrated by females, indication of rival terrorist organizations, counterterrorism and political events that may have affected the terrorist organizations’ preference for females—insight into the operational characteristics surrounding individual suicide attacks was central in highlighting patterns in the organizational use of female suicide bombers. Those patterns are consistent across both cases and suggest that when females’ use is explained by the tactical innovation model, they are used overwhelmingly in suicide attacks where getting closer to intended targets—usually defined as security and political targets—matter. In contrast, suicide attacks explained by the signaling model are characterized by their novelty usually representing a deviation from terrorist organizations’ operational norms—deemed operational suicide attack anomalies in this study—characterized many times as “only” suicide attacks, “firsts [of that kind of],” or the most spectacular suicide attacks carried out by the organization.
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Spinks, Brandon Todd. "Assessing Perceived Credibility of Web Sites in a Terrorism Context: The PFLP, Tamil Tigers, Hamas, and Hezbollah." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2009. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc10980/.
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The purpose of the study was to contribute to the overall understanding of terrorist organizations' use of the Internet and to increase researchers' knowledge of Web site effectiveness. The methodological approach was evaluation of the perceived credibility of Web sites based on existing criteria derived from information users. The Web sites of four terrorist organizations were assessed: two secular nationalist groups, the People's Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) and Liberation Tigers of Tamil Elam (LTTE or Tamil Tigers); and two religious nationalist groups, Hamas and Hezbollah. The findings of this analysis showed differences in perceived credibility factors among terrorist organizations' Web sites and positive levels of perceived credibility for the Web sites. These findings indicate the potential for positive impressions of the organizations' Web sites by information users, which would help empower the organizations with the capacity to reach their objectives. By using Web sites, these groups can effectively increase their support base through disseminating information, improving recruiting, and attracting monetary contributions, and can establish themselves as legitimate components of society.
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Spinks, Brandon Todd Sahliyeh Emile F. "Assessing perceived credibility of web sites in a terrorism context the PFLP, Tamil Tigers, Hamas, and Hezbollah /." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2009. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-10980.
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Smith, Justin O. "Maritime interdiction in counterinsurgency the role of the Sri Lankan Navy in the defeat of the Tamil Tigers /." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2010. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2010/Jun/10Jun%5FSmith%5FJustin.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Far East, South East Asia, Pacific))--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2010.Thesis Advisor(s): Porch, Douglas; Second Reader: Kline, Jeffrey F. "June 2010." Description based on title screen as viewed on July 14, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Sri Lanka, Insurgency, Counterinsurgency, Maritime Interdiction, Irregular Warfare, Piracy, Counter-piracy, Maritime Terrorism, Arms Smuggling, Counter-arms Smuggling, Maritime Security Operations, Small Boat Tactics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 71-76). Also available in print.
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Silva, Mada Kalapuge Lakshan Anuruddhika De. "Re-integration of Former Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam Combatants into Civilian Society in Post-War Sri Lanka." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/6824.
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The entire nation paid a high price militarily, politically, economically and socially during the twenty-six-year-old conflict in Sri Lanka. However, May 18, 2009, marked a significant milestone in the written history of Sri Lanka. The three-year-long Humanitarian Operation conducted by the Sri Lankan Security Forces to liberate civilians from the cruel clutches of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) terrorists ended, assigning a total military defeat to the LTTE. As a nation, Sri Lanka is now facing the daunting task of a range of challenges in the post-war era. Above all, much effort is needed to heel the scars of the conflict and to build the Sri Lankan identity. Though the war is over, the remnants of the LTTE may pose a considerable security challenge. Amongst them are many surrendered combatants of the LTTE who are being rehabilitated and absorbed into the society. Sacred responsibility lies with the government in rehabilitating ex-combatants is to ensure a long-term, results-oriented process. Considering the highly sensitive status quo of the issue at the aftermath of its conflict, the Sri Lankan government needs to contribute its share to rebuild the nation. Therefore, this thesis dwells on testing the benchmarks expected by the Sri Lankan government in carrying out this process and the outcome so far, in meeting the said contesting national requirement in comparison to other cases in the world. In this sense, the question arises as to how the programs of reintegration can be successful, and what potential problems could arise in the process of reintegration. Therefore, this thesis attempts to identify the questions of the Sri Lankan case in comparison to other cases, in understanding how de-radicalization and re-integration evolved in these countries, and how they reached the benchmarks by overcoming weaknesses and lapses.
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Amarilla, Chloe. "An Evaluation of the Sri Lankan Government’s Policies in the Defeat of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/2019.
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The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) were branded as the most dangerous and deadly extremists in the world by the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) in January of 2008. The Tamil Tigers are held responsible for perfecting the use of suicide bombers, inventing the suicide belt, being the first to use women in suicide attacks, and killing nearly 4,000 people in the one year prior to 2008. The LTTE is the only terrorist organization to have assassinated two world leaders, Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi, and Sri Lankan President Ranasinghe Premadasa. They were also the first to acquire air power and their strike on Sri Lanka’s World Trade Center was the largest terrorist assault before the September 11 attacks in 2001. It took the government of Sri Lanka over thirty years to rid the country of this powerful terrorist group.
This paper will investigate what caused the fall of the Tamil Tigers. In my second chapter, I will evaluate the policies and military strategies adopted by the government. My third chapter will look at the role of international actors in the conflict and their effects. Lastly, in my fourth chapter, I will examine key mistakes made by the LTTE that may have led to its own demise. In chapter five, I will analyze three possible causes for the defeat of the LTTE and what was the most significant in bringing its fall. It will also include its potential for replication in other countries and effects on foreign policy moving forward.
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Sahin, Fuat Salih. "Case studies in terrorism-drug connection: the Kurdistan Workers' Party, the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, and the Shining Path." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2001. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2871/.
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This study scrutinizes the drug-terrorism nexus critically with intent to conceive possible remedies for the problem. The vast turnover of the global illicit drug industry constitutes the largest portion of organized crime enterprises' income. Different circles have argued that these enterprises are not the sole actors of the drug business, but terrorist groups, whose ultimate aim is a political change rather than financial strength, also profit from the “business.” The controversial nature of the problem fuelled heated debates and requires an in depth and impartial analysis, which was the main subject of the current study. At the first stage, three different cases, the PKK, the LTTE, and the SL, were studied either to prove or deny the alleged phenomenon. The sampled groups' ideology, structure, and operations helped understand the motives pushing the organizations into the ‘business.' Subsequently, several recommendations capturing vital issues both in countering terrorism and breaking terrorism-drugs link were spelled out.
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Lewis, David. "Sri Lanka's Muslims: Caught in the Crossfire." International Crisis Group, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3911.
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NoThroughout much of the 25-year Sri Lankan conflict, attention has focused on the confrontation between the majority Sinhalese and the minority Tamils. The views of the country¿s Muslims, who are 8 per cent of the population and see themselves as a separate ethnic group, have largely been ignored. Understanding their role in the conflict and addressing their political aspirations are vital if there is to be a lasting peace settlement. Muslims need to be part of any renewed peace process but with both the government and LTTE intent on continuing the conflict, more immediate steps should be taken to ensure their security and political involvement. These include control of the Karuna faction, more responsive local and national government, improved human rights mechanisms and a serious political strategy that recognises minority concerns in the east. At least one third of Muslims live in the conflict-affected north and east and thus have a significant interest in the outcome of the war. They have often suffered serious hardship, particularly at the hands of the Tamil rebel group, the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE). Since 1990 Muslims have been the victims of ethnic cleansing, massacres and forced displacement by the insurgents. The 2002 ceasefire agreement (CFA) was a disappointment to many Muslims. They had no independent representation at the peace talks, and many feared that any agreement that gave the LTTE exclusive control of the north and east, even in a federal arrangement, would be seriously detrimental to their own interests. Despite talks between Muslim leaders and the LTTE, they continued to suffer violent attacks. Since the resumption of large-scale military action in mid-2006, Muslims have again been caught up in the fighting in the east. Dozens have been killed and thousands displaced. They have also come into conflict with a new, pro-government Tamil paramilitary group, the Karuna faction. Memories of LTTE oppression are still fresh, and rancorous disputes with Tamils over land and resources remain potent in the east. Muslim political leaders have often been divided, representing different historical experiences and geographical realities as well as personal and political differences. Muslims in the east and north ¿ who have been fundamentally affected by the conflict ¿ often have very different views from those who live in the south among the Sinhalese. Nevertheless, there is consensus on some key issues and a desire to develop a more united approach to the conflict. Muslims have never resorted to armed rebellion to assert their political position, although some have worked with the security forces, and a few were members of early Tamil militant groups. Fears of an armed movement emerging among Muslims, perhaps with a facade of Islamist ideology, have been present since the early 1990s, but most have remained committed to channelling their frustrations through the political process and negotiating with the government and Tamil militants at different times. There is no guarantee that this commitment to non-violence will continue, particularly given the frustration noticeable among younger Muslims in the Eastern province. In some areas there are Muslim armed groups but they are small and not a major security threat. Fears of armed Islamist movements emerging seem to be exaggerated, often for political ends. Small gangs have been engaged in semi-criminal activities and intra-religious disputes, but there is a danger they will take on a role in inter-communal disputes if the conflict continues to impinge upon the security of co-religionists. There is increasing interest among some Muslims in more fundamentalist versions of Islam, and there have been violent clashes between ultra-orthodox and Sufi movements. This kind of violence remains limited and most Muslims show considerable tolerance to other sects and other faiths. Nevertheless, the conflict is at least partly responsible for some Muslims channelling their frustrations and identity issues into religious disputes. Muslim peace proposals have tended to be reactive, dependent on the politics of the major Tamil and Sinhalese parties. Muslim autonomous areas in the east are being pursued but seem unlikely to be accepted by the present government. Muslims are concerned about Colombo¿s plans for development and governance in the east, which have not involved meaningful consultation with ethnic minorities and do not seem to include significant devolution of powers to local communities. In the longer term, only a full political settlement of the conflict can allow historical injustices against the Muslims to be addressed and begin a process of reconciliation. The LTTE, in particular, needs to revisit the history of its dealings with the Muslims if it is to gain any credibility in a future peace process in which the Muslims are involved. Only an equitable settlement, in which Sinhalese, Tamil and Muslim community concerns are adequately addressed, can really contain the growing disillusionment among a new generation of Sri Lankan Muslims.
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Whall, Helena J. "The peace process in Sri Lanka : the failure of the People's Alliance government - Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) peace negotiations, 1994-1995." Thesis, University of London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364569.
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Pragasam, Nirad. "Tigers on the mind : an interrogation of conflict diasporas and long distance nationalism : a study of the Sri Lankan Tamil diaspora in London." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2012. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/460/.
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In contrast to orthodox presentations of 'long distance nationalism' as an abstract politics without accountability or responsibility by theorists like Benedict Anderson, I argue that it is essential in the case of conflict diasporas to conceptualize the nature of diaspora support for homeland insurgencies as a contingent product of lived experience, perception, culture and history. Based on qualitative, ethnographic fieldwork, including an analysis of in-depth personal narratives from within the London Tamil diaspora, I attempt to describe the (trans) formative effects of violence, loss and displacement. I contend that the resulting viewpoints and aspirations carry the imprint of the de-territorialised ‘imagining’ of relationships, belonging and moral community which define the content of long distance nationalism. Using inter-disciplinary ideas from a range of theorists including Arjun Appadurai, I focus on a ‘process of becoming’ by which a specific transnational consciousness is engendered. The idea that conflict diaspora identity is defined by a complex interplay between a contextual and subjective understanding of political discourse; as well as the intellectual, moral, psychological and existential experience of being in diaspora is developed and held up against the current literature. Rather than seeing such displaced communities through the prism of a society in conflict in a distant homeland, I argue that we should consider how conflict has produced a particular epistemology of diasporic space and identity. I conclude by arguing that diaspora identity has its roots not only in a distant homeland but also in the hearts, minds and imagination of diaspora Tamils, where the complex obligations of being human in a time of conflict, override that of being a citizen, physically emplaced within a particular territory. I contend that such a perspective is both essential and yet often overlooked when seeking to interrogate the content of long distance nationalism in the dominant literature.
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van, der Vlist Joanne. "When a natural disaster occurs during a conflict – Catalyst or obstacle for peace? : A comparative case study of the insurgency in Aceh, Indonesia and the Sri Lankan civil war in relation to the Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-414202.
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Superficial information of the civil wars in Aceh, Indonesia and Sri Lanka creates the idea that both conflicts were in similar situations when they were hit by the Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004. It thus seems surprising that in the wake of the tsunami, the Free Aceh Movement and the Government of Indonesia signed a peace agreement, while the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam and the Government of Sri Lanka returned to war. This thesis aims to explore what factors related to the tsunami contributed to this difference and whether rational choice theory can serve as an explanation for this difference. In order to find out, I conducted a qualitative comparative case study though the analysis of secondary documents. The results suggest that the factors that contributed to the difference can be divided into four broad themes: (1) the timing of the tsunami and thus the pre-disaster context; (2) the geographical situation and with that, the military impact; (3) the types of guerilla groups, including their abilities to rule, their access to financial capital and their strategic; (4) the role of the international community, which can be further divided into firstly, the geopolitical relevance of these countries, and secondly, internationalization, community engagement and separating the tsunami and conflict. I believe that rational choice theory explains the difference in outcome between the two conflicts very well. This theory assumes that people, given the circumstances, and in view of all the possible options, will act in line with the option that is expected to satisfy them most and minimize their losses. Applying this theory to the case studies of Aceh and Sri Lanka following the tsunami, it was appealing for the Free Aceh Movement to settle, but this was not the case for the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam. As a result, the former chose to sign a peace agreement with the Government of Indonesia, whereas the latter chose to continue its fight against the Government of Sri Lanka.
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Underwood, Joshua C. "Game of Survival: External Actors' Support for Separatists." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1608154043704134.
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Sezgin, Ibrahim Can [Verfasser]. "The Logic of Violence between War and Peace : A New Perspective on the Dynamics of Political Violence Using the Case Example Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) Conflict in Sri Lanka / Ibrahim Can Sezgin." Baden-Baden : Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1160487030/34.
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Fourman, Jeffrey F. "When Insurgents Go Terrorist: The Role of Foreign Support in the Adoption of Terrorism." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1399546682.
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Mitchell, Kathryn E. "Foreign Terrorist Organizations: The Correlation Between Group Identity and Becoming Transnational." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1366131538.
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Ilari, Mayumi Denise Senoi. "Twenty-seven full of cotton, Baby Doll e Tiger Tail : recriações da historia social norte-americana no teatro de Tennessee Williams." [s.n.], 2001. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/269123.
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Orientador: Eric M. SabinsonDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
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Resumo: O presente trabalho analisa as seguintes obras do dramaturgo americano Tennessee Williams: (i) as peças 27 Wagons Full ifCotton (1946), The Unsatisfactory Supper (1946) e Tiger Tail (1976); (ii) o roteiro cinematográfico Baby Doll (1955); (iii) um conto publicado em 1936, também intitulado 27 Wagons Full if Cotton. Tanto as peças quanto o roteiro foram inspirados no conto de 1936; mas ao passo que essas sucessivas recriações partem do mesmo conflito inicial, elas trazem, no entanto,personagens e desfechos diferentes. Pela comparação dessas obras, foram analisadas certas transformações do teatro williamsiano, encaradas como função de transformações sImultaneamente o ocorridas no contexto social norte-americano. Além de se procurar estudar as obras da perspectiva de determinadas teorias da dramaturgia, buscou-se entender de que modo questões como a marginalização social, as relações entre poder, dinheiro e sexo, o preconceito em suas variadas formas, o papel social da mulher dentro da família e da tradição, e outras análogas, foram-se alterando no teatro de Williams ao longo das détadas, materializadas artisticamente nas diferentes versões de uma mesma trama - versões essas que respondem a um mesmo conjunto de indagações e buscas sobre os papéis exercidos pelas diferentes personagens nos diferentes momentos das décadas de 30-40, 50 e 70, em que as yárias obras foram criadas. Dentre as transformações mencionadas, optou-se por dar maior ênfase às sofridas pelas personagens femininas, relacionadas a modificações históricas ocorridas no papel social da mulher, e considerando certas relações de gênero características daquelas diferentes épocas
Abstract: The thematic development of tive related works of the American playwright Tennessee Williams are analyzed in this dissertation: the short story 27 WagonsFull of Cotton, published in 1936, the one-act pIays 27 WagonsFull of Cotton and The Unsatisfactory Supper (1946), the full-Iength pIay TigerTail(1976) and the screenpIay Baby Doll(1955). Through a comparison of these works, the development of the theater of the pIaywright can be understood as a function of transformations of American society itself, each work, in a sense, a prism of the moment in which it was eIaborated. Each successive recreation on the basis of an initial conflict produces variations in theme, character and dénouement. Thematic material of the pIays -- discrimination, power, economic and sexual reIations, as well as prejudice in its various manifestations -- is discussed, laying particular emphasis on the role of women within social and familial structure over the course of forty years. The works are also discussed in terms of recent contributions to dramaturgy and genre theory
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"The Operational Code of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2013-07-1168.
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The Tamil Tigers were one of the most organized, focused, and influential organizations in Asian politics during the last three decades. Throughout the existence of the organization, the goal of the LTTE was to establish a separate Tamil state – Tamil Eelam - comprising the Northern and Eastern parts of Sri Lanka where Tamil-speaking populations were dense. The Sri Lankan civil war, which ended in May of 2009, claimed tens of thousands of lives, displaced hundreds of thousands of residents, and impeded the economic well-being of Sri Lanka.
This thesis employs the operational code analysis as a way to better understand the character, behaviour, and norms of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam. An additional purpose of this thesis is to test the utility of this model in the case of a terrorist organization such as the LTTE.
The Operational Code Analysis framework was premiered by Nathan Leites in his two-part study of the Bolshevik Party, and was subsequently revived and re-imagined by a number of academics. The iteration of the Operational Code framework used in this thesis is a qualitative analysis which is comprised of ten questions: five ‘philosophical’ and five ‘instrumental’. This examination reveals that while this model has much to offer in analyzing this terrorist organization, it is in some ways a flawed method of exposition. However, the model produces unexpected insights about the stated beliefs of the LTTE.
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O'Grady, Michael. "The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam where do they get their money? /." 2001. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/48159972.html.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 2001.Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 73-75).
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Kellerová, Michaela. "Ženský sebevražedný terorismus." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-332807.
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The aim of this thesis is to analyze the major themes of female suicide bombers in Chechen widows and Tamil Tigers. For my thesis I chose empirical- analytical methodology and methodology of comparative case studies. In both cases, the first studies dealing with the historical circumstances under which the group is established, the status and role of women in society there, leading motivation to attack their targets and then mention the most important examples of attacks perpetrated by members of the terrorist group. Research suggests that in neither case is not only one motive, but rather a multi-causal phenomenon. Black widows are predominantly motivated by religious and secular motives, specifically the personal motivation because of the death of a loved one, they want revenge. In Tamil Tigers is the main motive separatist when trying to get the rights for the Tamil minority and achieve an independent state of Eelam. Despite the geographical distance and differences in religion can be proportioned to find the same in both groups. Both groups can be seen as a gender dimension - women's efforts to deal with men.
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Granátová, Lenka. "(A)symetrická dynamika konfliktu na Šrí Lance." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-298382.
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The thesis (A)symmteric dynamics of the conflict in Sri Lanka is an attempt to apply the theoretical concept of asymmetric conflicts and asymmetric warfare to the empirical case of the conflict in Sri Lanka and to figure out whether or not the asymmetric nature of the relationship between the sides of the conflict was the cause of the conflict's long term persistence and incapability of finding a durable solution to the conflict . In order to do so, the author first introduced the theoretical framework itself and highlighted the most significant features which were furthermore employed as the tool for the following analysis. On this basis the conflict in Sri Lanka was set into the theoretical framework and relevant asymmetries between the two counterparts - the Sri Lankan government/army and the organization of Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam - were identified. As the next step, the author tried to embrace the variable dynamics of the conflict in terms of relevant asymmetries and also symmetries which came to being within the course of the conflict. Since the symmetric situation is deemed to be more advantageous for finding the solution to a conflict, the author focused on the impact of the "symmetrization" on the prospects for the solution to the Sri Lankan conflict. However, the final findings...
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Noseworthy, Jeffrey Charles. "Taking the tiger by the tail : guidelines for professional development on implementing technology in schools /." 2001.
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Visakesa, Chandrasekaram. "Do tigers confess? : an interdisciplinary study of confessionary evidence in counter-terrorism measures of Sri Lanka." Phd thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/150330.
Full textAbstract:
For over three decades, the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) fought a gruesome war for independent statehood against the majoritarian Sinhalese Government of Sri Lanka. While confronting the Tigers on the battleground, the government also pursued a legal war against the LTTE by enacting its counter-terrorism laws. These laws permitted indefinite detention and the use of confessions as sole evidence. Armed with these laws, the Sinhalese Government boasted the prosecution of thousands of Tamil Tigers on the basis of their confessions. The Tigers countered by protecting their secrets through the adoption of their suicide strategy - consuming cyanide capsules to prevent being captured alive. Examining the conflicting official narratives from both sides of the war, this research explores the confessions of Tamil Tigers within the broader discourses of terrorism and counter-terrorism. The thesis positions the counter-terrorism regime of Sri Lanka as a postcolonial instance of the 'state of exception' (as theorised by Giorgio Agamben) in order to grasp the broader causes and consequences of such extraordinary measures. In doing so, it takes the wider aspects of the conflict into account and explores its historical, political, military and cultural ramifications. The research questions I examine in this process are: What attributes of the Tigers' military subculture support or dispute the fact that Tigers have confessed en masse? Can the authenticity of these confessions be determined by linguistic and narrative analysis methods? How have the state's agents enforced the counter-terrorism measures among the suspect population, and how do such measures impact on individual suspects? What are the possibilities and limits of a fair hearing for Tigers from the judiciary in Sri Lanka? Recognising the polysemic aspects of the law, truth and justice, the thesis probes the narratives of the two key players in this conflict - the terrorist and the state - within an interdisciplinary context, encompassing multiple fields: jurisprudence, human rights, criminology, history, ethnic studies, terrorism studies and narrative analysis. In sum, the scope of this thesis goes beyond legalistic analysis and encompasses a range of themes: the hegemonic authority of the state, the martyrdom of the terrorist, the linguistic elements of evidence, the discipline and the punishment of the enemy, and the administration of justice.