Journal articles: 'Tamilen'

1

Rösel, Jakob. "Entwicklung und Dynamik des Tamilen-Konflikts auf Sri Lanka." Verfassung in Recht und Übersee 21, no. 2 (1988): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0506-7286-1988-2-231.

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Schrempf, Mona. "Migration — Religion — Integration: Buddhistiche Vietnamesen und hinduistiche Tamilen in Deutschland. By Martin Baumann." Journal of Global Buddhism 2 (January 1, 2001): 119–22. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1310692.

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Seifert, Frank-Florian. "Die Verfassungsreform in Sri Lanka unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Selbstbestimmungsrechts der Sri Lanka-Tamilen." Verfassung in Recht und Übersee 34, no. 1 (2001): 48–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0506-7286-2001-1-48.

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Wagner, Christian. "Die Muslime Sri Lankas. Eine Volksgruppe im Spannungsfeld des ethnischen Konflikts zwischen Singhalesen und Tamilen." Verfassung in Recht und Übersee 24, no. 2 (1991): 234–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0506-7286-1991-2-234.

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Weyland, Petra, and Christian Wagner. "Die Muslime Sri Lankas. Eine Volksgruppe im Spannungsfeld des ethnischen Konflikts zwischen Singhalesen und Tamilen." Die Welt des Islams 32, no. 1 (1992): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1570638.

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Seifert, Frank-Florian. "Autonomie oder Sezession – Das Selbstbestimmungsrecht der Sri Lanka-Tamilen in der Diskussion um eine neue Verfassung Sri Lankas." Verfassung in Recht und Übersee 34, no. 2 (2001): 167–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0506-7286-2001-2-167.

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Frey, Karsten. "Das Selbstbestimmungsrecht der Sri Lanka—Tamilen zwischen Sezession und Integration (The law of self-determination of the Sri Lankan Tamils between secession and integration). By Frank-Florian Seifert. Beiträge zur Südasiensforschung, Band 187. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 2000. 394 pp." Journal of Asian Studies 61, no. 4 (2002): 1427–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3096513.

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8

K, Hemalatha. "Astronomical Knowledge of Sangam Tamils through Sangam Literature." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, S-6 (2022): 139–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt22s619.

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The ancient Tamils were the ones who closely observed the astronomical events and changes occurring in the sky every day and told the world the thoughts related to astronomy. Names like Kanyan Poongunranar, Kanimethaviyar, Pakkudukkai Nakkaniyar etc. are proof that there were many people who excelled in the field of astronomy in Tamil Nadu. Astronomer Sylator has said that Tamil's system of celestial arithmetic is the most moderate of all the mathematics involved. The history of the past reveals that the Tamil race has been deeply entrenched in scientific spirit and thought since ancient times. Based on scientific news, Tamil has the honour of creating literature two thousand years ago. The Tamilian who moved the wheel of life grounded on a scientific basis that day has recorded his scientific thoughts in Tamil. Even before the vernacular connection and its consequent mythological dependence were visible in Tamil, the idea of cosmic elements like the world, planets, constellations, etc., was prevalent in Classical Tamil literature. General science encompasses various disciplines like physics, chemistry, medicine, botany, zoology, astronomy, etc. Among these is the branch called astronomy, which helps to understand the various elements of space. Since astronomy is a growing discipline and has a guiding platform for many future studies, the messages related to astronomy seen in Sangam poems are examined in this article.

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9

Vēvere, Daira. "Lingvistisko īpatnību paralēles kursiskajās un dziļajās tāmnieku izloksnēs." Vārds un tā pētīšanas aspekti: rakstu krājums = The Word: Aspects of Research: conference proceedings, no. 25 (November 23, 2021): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.37384/vtpa.2021.25.171.

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The present paper aims to show the most significant phonetic and morphological features belonging both to the deep Tamian (tāmnieku) subdialects of the Livonic dialect and the Curonian (kursiskās) subdialects of the Middle dialect. The main focus is on the forms used in the deep Tamian subdialects of Pope, Ziras, Piltene, Zlēkas, Ance, Dundaga, and Ugāle, based on the materials acquired by the author during the period 2008–2019, and compared with the data of dialect archive of the Latvian Language Institute of the University of Latvia (collected in the 50s and 60s of the 20th century). In phonetics, a typical feature is the use of broad e, ē, especially in infinitives, e. g., celt ‘to raise, to build’, sēt ‘to sow’, meklēt (Curonian subd.), meklet (Tamian subd.) ‘to search’, the lengthening or diphthongization of short vowels a, e, i, u before consonant r, e. g., dârps ‘work’, ʒērt ‘to drink’, zîrks // ziêrks ‘horse’, bũrt // buõrt ‘to conjure’, palatal consonant ŗ, e. g., kaŗš ‘war’, gaŗš ‘long’, jũŗ ‘sea’, also the use of vowel u before the consonant v or b, e. g., zuve (Curonian subd.), zȗu // zȗi (Tamian subd.) ‘fish’, suvēnc (Curonian subd.), suvēnc // suvans (Tamian subd.) ‘pig’, dubans // dubenc ‘bottom, seat’, dui // dȗv (Tamian subd.) ‘two’, the loss of sounds in different positions, e. g., cilēks (Curonian subd.), cileks (Tamian subd.) ‘human’, ciris (Curonian subd.), cȋrs (Tamian subd.) ‘axe’, dures // duõres (Curonian subd.), dȗrs // dûrs // duôrs (Tamian subd.) ‘the doors’, tēs ‘father’, vẽš ‘wind’, rupš ‘rude’, and assimilation of -ln- to -ll-, e. g., mells ‘black’, vells ‘the devil’, villa (Curonian subd.), vill (Tamian subd.) ‘wool’, pills ‘full’. In morphology, a characteristic feature is the use of ē-stem substantives, e. g., klẽte (Curonian subd.), klẽt (Tamian subd.) ‘barn’, pirte // piêrte (Curonian subd.), pirt // piêrt (Tamian subd.) ‘bathhouse’, sirde // siêrde (Curonian subd.), sȋrd (Tamian subd.) ‘heart’, also the use of archaic plural dative endings -iems or -ems, e. g., zirgiêms // zîrgiêms (Curonian subd.), zirgems // zîrgems (Tamian subd.) ‘for horses’, -ams: mãsams ‘for sisters’, -ems or -ems, e. g., guõvems (Curonian subd.), guõvems (Tamian subd.) ‘for cows’, and the use of prefix / preposition az or āz, e. g., âzvakãr // azvakar (Curonian subd.), azvakar // aizvakar // aîzvakar (Tamian subd.) ‘the day before yesterday’, âz // az kalna (Curonian subd.), az // aiz // aîz kal:n (Tamian subd.) ‘behind the hill’, also prefix or preposition ūz, e. g., ũzlikt (Curonian subd.), ûzlikt (Tamian subd.) ‘to put on’, ûz galda (Curonian subd.), ûz gal:d (Tamian subd.) ‘on the table’, also a typical peculiarity of the Curonian and Tamian subdialects (but not heard nowadays) is the use of pronouns tau, sau ‘for yourself, for myself’.

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MUTHTHARASI, –. Art Literary Culture Tamil Journal. "பண்டிதர் அ.கி. நாயுடு இயற்றிய தொல்காப்பியர் கண்ட தமிழர் சமுதாயம்". MUTHTHARASI – Art Literary Culture Tamil Journal II, № 2 (2025): 8. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14931116.

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The Tamil language, which is a highly classical language, has a rich literary heritage and grammatical limits. Among the books that define the grammatical limits of the Tamil language, the Tolkappiyam is the foremost. Many people have studied this book, composed by Tolkappiyar with the threefold authority of writing, word and meaning, and have made its methods known to the public. Among them, the one who has studied Tolkappiyar extensively and established through his research book, Tolkappiyar Kanda Tamilar society, that the Tamil society is prior to all social systems; unique, is the Coimbatore scholar A. Krishnaswamy Naidu. In this way, this article was written to highlight the methods of the research book, Tolkappiyar Kanda Tamilar society.

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Schiffman, Harold F. "Malaysian Tamils and Tamil linguistic culture." Language & Communication 22, no. 2 (2002): 159–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0271-5309(01)00024-6.

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12

Ranganathan, M., and S. Velayutham. "Imagining Eelam Tamils in Tamil cinema." Continuum 26, no. 6 (2012): 871–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10304312.2012.731261.

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13

Hernández-Miranda, Eduardo, Rodrigo Veas, M. Cristina Krautz, Filoromo San Martín, and Renato A. Quiñones. "Efecto del tamaño de tamiz en la caracterización de la macrofauna marina bentónica: Implicancias para su uso en líneas de base, caracterizaciones preliminares de sitios para la acuicultura y monitoreos ambientales en Chile." Revista de Biología Marina y Oceanografía 56, no. 1 (2021): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22370/rbmo.2021.56.1.2796.

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Las características ecológicas de la macrofauna bentónica, la convierten en un buen indicador para evaluar los efectos de perturbaciones antropogénicas (e.g., acuicultura, emisarios submarinos, etc.) sobre los ecosistemas marinos. La normativa chilena aplicable a monitoreos ambientales establece que su caracterización debe realizarse utilizando tamices de 1.000 µm de abertura. Con el objetivo de evaluar la pérdida de información en composición y abundancia de las especies al utilizar este tamiz respecto de uno de 500 µm, se realizaron muestreos submareales en invierno y verano del 2018 en 5 áreas del Golfo de Arauco, Chile central. El muestreo y análisis consistió en: (i) cernido en tamiz de 1.000 µm, reteniendo los organismos que traspasan este tamiz en uno de 500 µm, (ii) identificación de los organismos retenidos en ambos tamices hasta el nivel taxonómico más bajo posible y, (iii) comparación de la macrofauna entre tamices, períodos y áreas de muestreo, utilizando estadística univariada y multivariada. A partir de los análisis se encontraron diferencias significativas en la estructura comunitaria de la macrofauna entre tamices, áreas y periodos de muestreo. Los índices AMBI y W, utilizados como bio-indicadores comunitarios, también identifican diferencias significativas entre tamices. Los resultados señalan que, si bien el uso de un tamiz de 1.000 µm permite identificar diferencias espaciales y temporales en la macrofauna, con su uso se subestima el nivel de impacto detectado por los bio-indicadores comunitarios. Por tal razón, se recomienda utilizar un tamiz de 500 µm si el objetivo es evaluar impactos antropogénicos en el ambiente marino, especialmente en líneas de base, caracterizaciones preliminares de sitio para la acuicultura y programas de vigilancia ambiental. Toda la información, debiera, además, ser integrada mediante herramientas estadísticas multivariadas, capaces de incorporar en conjunto los antecedentes biológicos y ambientales recopilados en el área de estudio.

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14

Vēvere, Daira. "The Main Phonetic and Morphological Features in the Deep Tamian (Tāmnieki) Subdialects of the Livonianized Dialect Nowadays." Acta humanitarica academiae Saulensis 26 (December 1, 2019): 173–83. https://doi.org/10.15388/ahas.2019.9.

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The present research aims at showing the usage of the most characteristic dialectal features in the deep Tamian subdialects of the Livonianized dialect nowadays. Main focus is on the typical phonetic and morphological features and the sociolinguistic observations of these subdialects. Analysis is based on the middle and older generation’s speech data gathered by recording the subdialects of Pope, Ziras, Piltene, Zlēkas, Ance, Dundaga, and Ugāle. The data analyzed in this paper gathered in the expeditions carried out by the author (2008–2017).In the majority of the researched deep Tamian subdialects the loss of short vowels and the reduction of long vowels in final syllables is still observed. Although these are the most typical phonetic peculiarities of the entire Livonianized dialect and are used by all generations’ speakers, those also tend to change even in the deep subdialects of Kurzeme not only in the speech of the younger generation’s speech, but also middle and older generation’s speakers begin to avoid using those, preferring standard language forms. Nowadays there are also several features in the deep Tamian subdialects which are used in the speech of the older generation only and which change under the influence of the standard language, for example, the loss of long vowels and diphthongs in suffixes and endings, the monophthongization and diphthongization, and other phonetic changes which are specific to the deep Tamian subdialects.One of the most prominent morphological features of the deep Tamian subdialects is the use of masculine gender forms instead of feminine which is still widespread and often used feature not only in the deep Tamian subdialects, but also in the Kurzeme’s non-deep subdialects and Vidzeme’s Livonianized subdialects. Another typical and often used morphological peculiarity is the use of the 3rd person verb forms in all persons and numbers. Both features appear more rarely in the speech of the younger generation than in the speech of the middle and older generation, because younger people are avoid using those, introducing the standard language forms instead of the dialectal forms.As the gathered materials show, it is still possible to hear typical phonetic and morphological features in the researched deep Tamian subdialects, but as it is clear that these features have changed since the last century, when extensive dialectal researches on Latvian dialectology were made, it is particularly important to study the dynamics of dialect phenomena nowadays.

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15

Von Sperling, Anna. "Sri Lanka i fredens skygge." Udenrigs, no. 3 (September 1, 2011): 102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/udenrigs.v0i3.118827.

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Silva, Bianca Franchini da, Dandara Silveira Monteiro, and Letícia Ferreira Camargo. "Problematizando fronteiras: discussões introdutórias da linguística folk, popular, profana, não erudita (e transgressiva)." Fórum Linguístico 18, no. 3 (2021): 6660–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1984-8412.2021.e84822.

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Jaskowska, Bożena. "Jak zostać ludzkim jednorożcem w erze algorytmów? (Aleksandra Przegalińska, Tamilla Triantoro, Przenikanie umysłów: potencjał twórczy współpracy z AI, AIBooks by CampusAI, Warszawa, 2024, ss. 201, ISBN: 978-83-68246-00-1)." Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia ad Bibliothecarum Scientiam Pertinentia 22 (March 3, 2025): 827–36. https://doi.org/10.24917/20811861.22.48.

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18

Pinheiro, Marcia Eduarda Mendes, Bianca Pabline Veiga Marinho, Vivian Thayna Santos, et al. "Avaliação e intervenção de conflitos familiares no cuidado de idosa com multimorbidades." Caderno Pedagógico 22, no. 5 (2025): e14731. https://doi.org/10.54033/cadpedv22n5-086.

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A família é um sistema, e qualquer mudança em um de seus membros impacta a dinâmica geral, exigindo adaptações. Este estudo qualitativo, realizado entre outubro e novembro de 2024, avaliou a organização familiar para o cuidado de uma senhora com sequelas de AVC e sua filha, usuária de substâncias lícitas e ilícitas, utilizando o Modelo Calgary de Avaliação Familiar (MCAF) e ferramentas como Genograma, Ecomapa, Ciclo de Vida Familiar, FIRO e PRACTICE. A análise revelou aspectos estruturais, de desenvolvimento e funcionais. "Maria", 69 anos, hipertensa e com sequelas de AVC, mora com a filha "Tamires" e o neto Lucas". O Genograma indicou conflitos entre "Maria" e "Tamires", agravados pelo uso de substâncias e pela não aceitação da orientação sexual da filha. O vínculo entre "Maria" e "Lucas" demonstrou apoio mútuo. O Ecomapa revelou forte conexão religiosa de "Maria", enquanto "Tamires" frequenta ambientes de risco em um bairro com alta violência. As ferramentas FIRO e PRACTICE evidenciaram controle exercido por "Maria", comunicação limitada e enfrentamento baseado na fé e no suporte escolar. O Ciclo de Vida Familiar apontou dificuldades na transição de papeis, sobrecarregando "Maria" e comprometendo a harmonia familiar. A falta de estrutura e adaptação às mudanças prejudicou a qualidade de vida dos membros, dificultando o equilíbrio familiar diante das demandas impostas.

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M, Kalpana. "The Empirical Knowledge of Farmers and Today's Multi-Technical Skills." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, S-12 (2022): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt224s122.

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Sangam Literature is the repository of the thoughts and deeds of the ancient Tamils. On the basis of that, it is not possible to count the many known achievements made by the intelligence of the ancient Tamils from that day till today. In one of its varieties, organic farming, the Tamilian is a parallel Tamilian. All of agrarian man's intelligence and rationality were scientific. Our agronomists are the ones who have worked empirically on the signals of nature, birds, and animals. They have an intelligence that transcends reason. Everything related to science is being implemented in our motherland. In the tremendous development of our mother tongue, the ancient Tamils have clearly established the science, politics, religion, finance, judicial medicine, multidisciplinary civilization, and culture of the ancient Tamils.

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Nascimento, Elynton Alves Do, Tamires Diniz Bressan, and Milada Bocakova. "Currhaeus a new genus of net-winged beetles and phylogenetic analysis of Eurrhacini (Coleoptera: Lycidae: Lycinae)." Zootaxa 4869, no. 3 (2020): 387–403. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4869.3.5.

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Nascimento, Elynton Alves Do, Bressan, Tamires Diniz, Bocakova, Milada (2020): Currhaeus a new genus of net-winged beetles and phylogenetic analysis of Eurrhacini (Coleoptera: Lycidae: Lycinae). Zootaxa 4869 (3): 387-403, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4869.3.5

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Santos, Bianca Tamires Silva Dos, Agata Tyanne Silva Nascimento, and José Antônio Marin Fernandes. "Proposition of a new species group in Edessa Fabricius, 1803 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Edessinae)." Zootaxa 3774, no. 5 (2014): 441–59. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3774.5.3.

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Santos, Bianca Tamires Silva Dos, Nascimento, Agata Tyanne Silva, Fernandes, José Antônio Marin (2014): Proposition of a new species group in Edessa Fabricius, 1803 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Edessinae). Zootaxa 3774 (5): 441-459, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3774.5.3

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Köksal, Ekrem, Yakup Ulutaş, Samed Şimşek, et al. "Isolation, Characterization and Antiproliferative Activity of Secondary Metabolites from Tanacetum alyssifolium (Bornm.) Grierson." Records of Natural Products 15, no. 2 (2020): 122–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.25135/rnp.201.20.07.1702.

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Secondary metabolites of Tanacetum alyssifolium (Bornm.) Grierson (Asteraceae) were investigated for the first time. Thirteen compounds including axillarin (1), Luteolin-7-O-β-glucoside (8) and rutin (13) as flavonoids, fraxetin (7), isofraxidin (9), isofraxidin-7-O-glucoside (11) and fraxidin (12) as coumarins, tatridin A (2), altissin (3), tamirin (4) and tanachin (5) as sesquiterpene lactones and 2,4-dihydroxy-6-methoxy acetophenone (6) and picein (10) as acetophenone derivatives were isolated from the methanol extract of the species. The structures of all isolated compounds were elucidated by 1D and 2D-NMR techniques and by comparing with the literature data. In addition, in vitro cytotoxic activity of all isolated compounds was evaluated against breast cancer MCF-7 cell line by XTT assay. Sesquiterpene lactones; tatridin A (2), tamirin (4) and tanachin (5) were found to be the most cytotoxic molecules against MCF-7 cell line.

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Peña Cruz, Ma Del Pilar. "TERRORISMO." Investigación Administrativa 31-2 (July 1, 2002): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.35426/iav31n91.03.

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Sobre la dificultad de definir el terrorismo. Desde la antigua Grecia y Roma, pasando por la Revolución Francesa, la masacre de Amritsar y el régimen de terror de Stalin. Existen diferentes tipos de técnicas y motivaciones para el terrorismo. Se observan actividades en Oriente Medio, Latinoamérica y Asia y África poscoloniales (Tigres Tamiles, masacre de Mai Lai, etc.). Se aborda el problema en el mundo desarrollado (IRA, Earth First, Brigadas Rojas, etc., hasta el atentado de Oklahoma City) y se analizan las reacciones mundiales al terrorismo. Se incluyen resúmenes o recuadros con datos clave seleccionados para un acceso rápido. También existen directorios de grupos terroristas.

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Santos, Bianca Tamires Silva Dos, Valeria Juliete Da Silva, and Jose Antonio Marin Fernandes. "Revision of Ascra with proposition of the bifida species group and description of two new species (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae: Edessinae)." Zootaxa 4034, no. 3 (2015): 445–70. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4034.3.2.

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Santos, Bianca Tamires Silva Dos, Silva, Valeria Juliete Da, Fernandes, Jose Antonio Marin (2015): Revision of Ascra with proposition of the bifida species group and description of two new species (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae: Edessinae). Zootaxa 4034 (3): 445-470, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4034.3.2

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Santos, Bianca Tamires Silva Dos, Marie Luise Caroline Bartz, Luis Manuel Hernández-García, Guillaume Xavier Rousseau, Marlucia Bonifácio Martins, and Samuel Wooster James. "New earthworm species of Righiodrilus (Clitellata, Glossoscolecidae) from eastern Amazonia." Zootaxa 4242, no. 2 (2017): 392–400. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4242.2.11.

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Santos, Bianca Tamires Silva Dos, Bartz, Marie Luise Caroline, Hernández-García, Luis Manuel, Rousseau, Guillaume Xavier, Martins, Marlucia Bonifácio, James, Samuel Wooster (2017): New earthworm species of Righiodrilus (Clitellata, Glossoscolecidae) from eastern Amazonia. Zootaxa 4242 (2): 392-400, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4242.2.11

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Gruwier, Ben Jack. "THE LARGE VERTEBRATE REMAINS FROM BINJAI TAMIENG (SUMATRA, INDONESIA)." Journal of Indo-Pacific Archaeology 41 (June 21, 2017): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7152/jipa.v41i0.15027.

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Excavations in 1928 at the Binjai Tamieng shell midden in Northeast Sumatra brought to light a small assemblage of animal- and human remains that has never been studied in detail. The analysis of these Early Holocene finds suggests that besides mollusks and fish, a number of larger vertebrates played a role in the palaeoeconomy of the site. The composition of Binjai Tamieng has a somewhat similar signature to sites from Southern Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia. Testudine and artiodactyl remains are predominant in the vertebrate assemblage, while other species such as crocodile and a small cetacean were probably opportunistically hunted or scavenged. Animal bone was probably also used for the manufacturing of tools. Javan- and possibly Sumatran rhinoceros are present on the site. A number of human remains show traces of disarticulation and may be indicative of complex funerary rituals or cannibalism.

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Lauzurique-Guerra, Yeney, Lourdes Zumalacárregui-de Cárdenas, Osney Pérez-Ones, and Geli Molina-Rivero. "Evaluación de técnicas de deshidratación de etanol aplicando la simulación." DYNA 84, no. 200 (2017): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v84n200.54230.

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Se evaluaron tres técnicas de deshidratación de etanol: la destilación azeotrópica con benceno, la pervaporación y la adsorción con tamices moleculares. Para la simulación de las técnicas se utilizó el simulador de procesos HYSYS v3.2 y para su comparación se estableció un mismo flujo molar de etanol en la mezcla etanol-agua de 216,5 kmol/h. En todos los casos se obtuvo una composición molar de etanol anhidro mayor de 99,7%. Se determinó la influencia de los parámetros de operación en la eficiencia de las tecnologías simuladas analizando tres casos de estudios. Se analizaron los perfiles de temperatura, flujos molares de líquido y vapor y las composiciones en las columnas presentes en cada proceso. Según la evaluación económica de las técnicas, todas las alternativas analizadas son económicamente ventajosas y en todas se logran ganancias netas, pero los mayores beneficios se obtienen en la adsorción con tamices moleculares al reportar la mayor tasa de rendimiento actualizada.

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Brann, Conrad Max Benedict. "Sinhala and English." Language Problems and Language Planning 9, no. 1 (1985): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lplp.9.1.04bra.

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La sinhala kaj la angla: klarigo Uzante dokumentajn atestojn, la aŭtoro traktas la originon kaj evoluon de srilankaj politikoj koncerne la situacion de la sinhala, la endolekto de la plimulto, kaj la tamila, la endolekto de la malplimulto, kaj la angla, la iama kolonia lingvo. La komenca polit-iko de 1944-46, kiu donis egalecon al la sinhala kaj la tamila, estis sangita de la unua sendependa registaro, kiu tiel akrigis la politikan, etnan kaj lingvan konkurencon inter la du rolantoj. Kvankam oni senbrue mallevis la anglan al neoficiala statuso kiel lingvo por specialaj uzoj, lastatempe oni proponis la revivigon de la angla kiel rekonata neu-trala ligilo inter la rivalaj naciaj grupoj.

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Dr, Raja R. "Tamilavan's Sambala in Physiological Perspectives." Pulam: International Journal of Tamilology Studies 1, no. 2 (2021): 19–27. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5105828.

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Abstract "Physiology is the politics of talking about how a body is structured by the power structure and how to recover or escape from it." The novel Shambhala by Tamilvan is based on this. This article sets out on a journey based on this.

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Hernández-García, Luis Manuel, Jesús Enrique Burgos-Guerrero, Bianca Tamires Silva Dos Santos, Guillaume Xavier Rousseau, and Samuel Wooster James. "Three new species of Holoscolex (Clitellata, Glossoscolecidae) from the Gurupi Biological Reserve, last forest remnant of the Belém Endemism Area, Eastern Amazon." Zootaxa 4496, no. 1 (2018): 459–71. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4496.1.35.

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Hernández-García, Luis Manuel, Burgos-Guerrero, Jesús Enrique, Santos, Bianca Tamires Silva Dos, Rousseau, Guillaume Xavier, James, Samuel Wooster (2018): Three new species of Holoscolex (Clitellata, Glossoscolecidae) from the Gurupi Biological Reserve, last forest remnant of the Belém Endemism Area, Eastern Amazon. Zootaxa 4496 (1): 459-471, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4496.1.35

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Andrade, Tamires de O., Kelli S. Ramos, Helena C. Onody, Santos Alvaro D. dos, and Carlos Roberto F. Brandão. "Type specimens of Pompiloidea, Thynnoidea and Vespoidea (Hymenoptera) deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil." Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 58 (August 29, 2018): 1–21. https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.39.

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Andrade, Tamires de O., Ramos, Kelli S., Onody, Helena C., dos Santos, Alvaro D., Brandão, Carlos Roberto F. (2018): Type specimens of Pompiloidea, Thynnoidea and Vespoidea (Hymenoptera) deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 58: 1-21, DOI: 10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.39

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Andrade, Tamires de Oliveira, Kelli dos Santos Ramos, Nelson Wanderley Perioto, Rogéria Inês Rosa Lara, and Carlos Roberto Ferreira Brandão. "Bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) inventory in the Parque Estadual Morro do Diabo, São Paulo, Brazil." Journal of Natural History 54, no. 39-40 (2021): 2529–41. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2020.1856432.

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Andrade, Tamires de Oliveira, Ramos, Kelli dos Santos, Perioto, Nelson Wanderley, Lara, Rogéria Inês Rosa, Brandão, Carlos Roberto Ferreira (2021): Bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) inventory in the Parque Estadual Morro do Diabo, São Paulo, Brazil. Journal of Natural History 54 (39-40): 2529-2541, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2020.1856432, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2020.1856432

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Aliyanta, Barokah, Nita Suhartini, and Bungkus Pratikno. "Studi Awal Penentuan Sumber Sedimen DAS Cisadane Hulu dengan Radionuklida Alam." Jurnal Ilmiah Aplikasi Isotop dan Radiasi 11, no. 1 (2016): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17146/jair.2015.11.1.2702.

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Pengembangan perunut untuk penentuan kontribusi sumber sedimendi daerah aliran sungai Cisadane telah dilakukan. Penentuan kontribusi sumber sedimendilakukan dengan pengukuran kandungan radionuklida alam dalam tanah permukaan dandifokuskan pada daerah aliran sungai (DAS) Cisadane Hulu, yang terdiri dari sub DASCisadane Hulu dan sub DAS Cianten. Pengambilan sampel tanah permukaan (0-2 cm)dilakukan secara transek pada sumber sedimen potensial yaitu lahan olah, kebun campurandan lapisan sub soil yang ada di ke dua sub DAS. Sedimen suspensi diambil di pertemuanaliran kedua sub DAS yaitu di Dusun Tamilung. Pengambilan sedimen suspensi hanyadilakukan satu kali dengan sampling selama 10 jam. Analisis kontribusi sedimen dilakukanberdasarkan persamaan multivariate mixing model dan statistik distribusi. Kontribusi sumbersedimen dari sedimen suspensi di Dusun Tamilung adalah 0-5,2 %, 0,7-13,3 %, 0-4,2 %, 1,2-19,4 %, 28,5-55,5 % dan 25,3-45,1% masing-masing berasal dari kebun campuran di sub DASCianten, lahan olah di sub DAS Cianten, Kebun Campuran di sub DAS Cisadane Hulu, lahanolah di sub DAS Cisadane Hulu, Lapisan sub soil di sub DAS Cianten dan lapisan sub soil disub DAS Cisadane Hulu.Kata kunci : sumber sedimen, DAS Cisadane Hulu, proporsi kontribusi

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Oliveira, Tamires Camila Talamonte De, Ernesto Samacá Sáenz, Lucas Del Bianco Faria, and Alejandro Zaldívar Riverón. "Two new species of Allorhogas (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Doryctinae) from southeast Brazil reared from seed pods of Inga vera Willd. and Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) (Fabaceae)." Zootaxa 5415, no. 1 (2024): 106–16. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5415.1.4.

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Oliveira, Tamires Camila Talamonte De, Sáenz, Ernesto Samacá, Faria, Lucas Del Bianco, Riverón, Alejandro Zaldívar (2024): Two new species of Allorhogas (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Doryctinae) from southeast Brazil reared from seed pods of Inga vera Willd. and Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) (Fabaceae). Zootaxa 5415 (1): 106-116, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5415.1.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5415.1.4

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Jesus, Juliana Menezes de, Helena Carolina Onody, Kelli dos Santos Ramos, Tamires de Oliveira Andrade, Alvaro Doria dos Santos, and Carlos Roberto Ferreira Brandão. "Crabronidae and Sphecidae (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) type specimens deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil." Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 59 (April 3, 2019): 1–23. https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2019.59.17.

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Jesus, Juliana Menezes de, Onody, Helena Carolina, Ramos, Kelli dos Santos, Andrade, Tamires de Oliveira, Santos, Alvaro Doria dos, Brandão, Carlos Roberto Ferreira (2019): Crabronidae and Sphecidae (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) type specimens deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 59: 1-23, DOI: 10.11606/1807-0205/2019.59.17

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Sustaita-Rodríguez, Alejandro, Martha Graciela Ruiz-Gutiérrez, Víctor Hugo Ramos-Sánchez, Blanca Gladiana Beltrán-Piña, León Hernández-Ochoa, and David Chávez-Flores. "Síntesis quimioenzimática de ésteres metílicos de ácidos grasos a partir de aceite residual y cálculo de sus parámetros fisicoquímicos." TECNOCIENCIA Chihuahua 15, no. 1 (2021): 26–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.54167/tecnociencia.v15i1.755.

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Mediante el desarrollo de un diseño factorial 2k se evaluó la temperatura y concentración del catalizador en la reacción para la obtención de ésteres metílicos de ácidos grasos (FAME) utilizando aceite residual como sustrato metanol como aceptor de acilo Candida antarctica Lipasa B como catalizador y tamices moleculares como agente secante. Los datos experimentales se analizaron con un análisis de varianza (ANOVA). Las relaciones óptimas de catalizador-temperatura se determinaron a 13% -30 ° C, 14,5% -34 ° C y 14% -35 ° C. No se detectó ningún efecto de los tamices moleculares en el rendimiento de la reacción. Por el contrario, se registró para la acidez del producto, que mostró una disminución significativa, de 0,79 a 0,40 mg KOH / g. Aplicando las reglas de mezcla, se calcularon las propiedades fisicoquímicas de los FAME (densidad, gravedad API, viscosidad cinemática, punto de enturbiamiento, presión de vapor, índice de cetano y capacidad calorífica). Los resultados establecieron que el biocombustible es apto para uso comercial y cumple con las regulaciones para biocombustibles: ASTM D6751 y EN-14214. Se determinó que el terc-butanol es el disolvente óptimo para la recuperación y reutilización de la lipasa.

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Sustaita-Rodríguez, Alejandro, Martha Graciela Ruiz-Gutiérrez, Víctor Hugo Ramos-Sánchez, Blanca Gladiana Beltrán Piña, León Hernández-Ochoa, and David Chávez Flores. "Síntesis quimioenzimática de ésteres metílicos de ácidos grasos a partir de aceite residual y cálculo de sus parámetros fisicoquímicos." TECNOCIENCIA Chihuahua 15, no. 1 (2021): 755. http://dx.doi.org/10.54167/tch.v15i1.755.

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Mediante el desarrollo de un diseño factorial 2k se evaluó la temperatura y concentración del catalizador en la reacción para la obtención de ésteres metílicos de ácidos grasos (FAME) utilizando aceite residual como sustrato metanol como aceptor de acilo Candida antarctica Lipasa B como catalizador y tamices moleculares como agente secante. Los datos experimentales se analizaron con un análisis de varianza (ANOVA). Las relaciones óptimas de catalizador-temperatura se determinaron a 13% -30 ° C, 14,5% -34 ° C y 14% -35 ° C. No se detectó ningún efecto de los tamices moleculares en el rendimiento de la reacción. Por el contrario, se registró para la acidez del producto, que mostró una disminución significativa, de 0,79 a 0,40 mg KOH / g. Aplicando las reglas de mezcla, se calcularon las propiedades fisicoquímicas de los FAME (densidad, gravedad API, viscosidad cinemática, punto de enturbiamiento, presión de vapor, índice de cetano y capacidad calorífica). Los resultados establecieron que el biocombustible es apto para uso comercial y cumple con las regulaciones para biocombustibles: ASTM D6751 y EN-14214. Se determinó que el terc-butanol es el disolvente óptimo para la recuperación y reutilización de la lipasa. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54167/tecnociencia.v15i1.755

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Indrawan, Dea Rizky, Sucipto Sucipto, and Aidina Ristyawan. "Optimalisasi Fitur Moodle Menggunakan Model Pengembangan ADDIE." JSITIK: Jurnal Sistem Informasi dan Teknologi Informasi Komputer 3, no. 1 (2024): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.53624/jsitik.v3i1.431.

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Latar Belakang: pada abad ke-21 pembelajaran berkembang pesat, pemanfaatan E-learning menjadi faktor penting dalam meningkatkan proses pembelajaran siswa, dengan adanya platform moodle menjadikan e-learning dapat disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan sekolah. Moodle adalah sebuah platform learning management system yang dapat digunakan untuk melaksanakan pembelajaran secara fleksibel Tujuan: tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengoptimalisasi dengan menambahkan fitur dan konfigurasi tamilan pada web E-learning Moodle. Metode: dengan menggunakan metode ADDIE dan menguji dengan pengujian blackbox Hasil: hasil yang diperoleh adalah metode ADDIE dapat mengembangkan fitur ditunjukkan dengan pengujian blackbox yang menunjukkan hasil yang valid. Kesimpulan: penelitian ini berhasil mengoptimalkan fitur dan melakukan konfigurasi tampilan menggunakan metode ADDIE. Pengujian blackbox menunjukkan bahwa fitur baru dapat berfungsi dengan baik dan valid sehingga dapa meningkatkan proses pembelajaran siswa secara fleksibel dan efisien.

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Wibisono, Ryan Marcell, Sucipto Sucipto, and Anita Sari Wardani. "Rekomendasi Kepuasan E-Learning Menggunakan Metode Weighted Product." JSITIK: Jurnal Sistem Informasi dan Teknologi Informasi Komputer 3, no. 1 (2024): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.53624/jsitik.v3i1.440.

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Latar Belakang: pada abad ke-21 pembelajaran berkembang pesat, pemanfaatan E-learning menjadi faktor penting dalam meningkatkan proses pembelajaran siswa, dengan adanya platform moodle menjadikan e-learning dapat disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan sekolah. Moodle adalah sebuah platform learning management system yang dapat digunakan untuk melaksanakan pembelajaran secara fleksibel Tujuan: tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengoptimalisasi dengan menambahkan fitur dan konfigurasi tamilan pada web E-learning Moodle. Metode: dengan menggunakan metode ADDIE dan menguji dengan pengujian blackbox Hasil: hasil yang diperoleh adalah metode ADDIE dapat mengembangkan fitur ditunjukkan dengan pengujian blackbox yang menunjukkan hasil yang valid. Kesimpulan: penelitian ini berhasil mengoptimalkan fitur dan melakukan konfigurasi tampilan menggunakan metode ADDIE. Pengujian blackbox menunjukkan bahwa fitur baru dapat berfungsi dengan baik dan valid sehingga dapa meningkatkan proses pembelajaran siswa secara fleksibel dan efisien.

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Ananieva, Tamila V., Valentyna I. Chorna, and Kateryna S. Kharchenko. "Distribution Of Radionuclides In Artificial Forest Ecosystem Components Of The Field Protective Plantation In The Steppe Ukraine (Dnipropetrovsk Region)." Acta Biologica Universitatis Daugavpiliensis 22, no. 1 (2022): 19–30. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10602134.

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Ananieva, Tamila V., Chorna, Valentyna I., Kharchenko, Kateryna S. (2022): Distribution Of Radionuclides In Artificial Forest Ecosystem Components Of The Field Protective Plantation In The Steppe Ukraine (Dnipropetrovsk Region). Acta Biologica Universitatis Daugavpiliensis 22 (1): 19-30, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10602134

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Oliveira, Tamires Camila Talamonte de, Tiago Morales-Silva, Valmir Antonio Costa, and Lucas Del Bianco Faria. "A new interaction in an invasive plant in Brazil: Horismenus abnormicaulis (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) parasitizing Acanthoscelides macrophthalmus (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae) in seeds pods of Leucaena leucocephala (Fabaceae)." Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 66, no. 4 (2022): 1–3. https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2022-0037.

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Oliveira, Tamires Camila Talamonte de, Morales-Silva, Tiago, Costa, Valmir Antonio, Faria, Lucas Del Bianco (2022): A new interaction in an invasive plant in Brazil: Horismenus abnormicaulis (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) parasitizing Acanthoscelides macrophthalmus (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae) in seeds pods of Leucaena leucocephala (Fabaceae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e20220037) 66 (4): 1-3, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2022-0037, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-rbent-2022-0037

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Bueno, Alessandra Angélica de Pádua, Maria Elina Bichuette, Tamires Zepon, and Ludmila Rocha Penoni. "A new species of the troglobitic genus Spelaeogammarus da Silva Brum, 1975 (Amphipoda: Artesiidae) from a cave in the Brazilian semi-arid region, with new records of its congener, Spelaeogammarus spinilacertus Koenemann and Holsinger, 2000." Nauplius 30 (June 17, 2022): 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1590/2358-2936e2022020.

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Bueno, Alessandra Angélica de Pádua, Bichuette, Maria Elina, Zepon, Tamires, Penoni, Ludmila Rocha (2022): A new species of the troglobitic genus Spelaeogammarus da Silva Brum, 1975 (Amphipoda: Artesiidae) from a cave in the Brazilian semi-arid region, with new records of its congener, Spelaeogammarus spinilacertus Koenemann and Holsinger, 2000. Nauplius (e2022020) 30: 1-17, DOI: 10.1590/2358-2936e2022020, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2358-2936e2022020

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P, Divyarupa Sarma. "An Overview of Musical Instruments in Temple Inscriptions and Sculptures." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, S-8 (2022): 275–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt22s840.

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Temple inscriptions and sculptures bear testimony to what the Tamil music tradition would have been like many years ago. Although music has not been given a special place in the history of inscriptions, many temples have images of musical instruments engraved in inscriptions and sculptures. During the reign of the king, the art of inscription and sculpture was developed. Music is an integral part of human life. Early man classified lands based on nature and associated music with divine worship. Temple inscriptions and sculptures record references to dance, song, musicians, and musical instruments. Inscriptions and sculptures are widely used to remind people of current events. There is an example for laymen and researchers to learn and understand the shapes of musical instruments. Texts such as Tamilar Music, Panchamarapu, and Tamilar Torkaruviyal give us references to many musical instruments. The shapes of the images can be seen in person in the inscriptions in the temple. Descriptions of music and musical instruments can be found in inscriptions and sculptures at Thillai Nataraja Temple in Chidambaram, Ekambaranathar Temple, Kailasanathar Temple in Kanchipuram, Mamallapuram Gangaikonda Cholapuram, Nellaiappar Temple in Tirunelveli, Tarasuram Temple in Kumbakonam, Kudavarik Temple in Tirumeyyam in Pudukottai District, Arunachaleswarar Temple in Tiruvannamalai, Thiruvattaru.

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George, M., W. Kliewer, and S. I. Rajan. ""Rather Than Talking in Tamil, They Should Be Talking to Tamils": Sri Lankan Tamil Refugee Readiness for Repatriation." Refugee Survey Quarterly 34, no. 2 (2015): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rsq/hdv004.

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Author, The. "“Rather than talking in Tamil, they should be talking to Tamils': Sri Lankan Tamil refugee readiness for repatriation." Annals of Global Health 81, no. 1 (2015): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aogh.2015.02.756.

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Mann, W., and A. A. El-Khatieb. "Cranioplasty with Palacos R in reconstruction of frontal sinus defects." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 102, no. 9 (1988): 824–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100106577.

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AbstractThe use of methylmetacrylates has not been widely accepted for the repair of frontal bony defects due to the possibility of secondary infection. The development of a new type of methylmetacrylates into which antibiotics, such as gen-tamicin, are incorporated has reduced the risk of secondary infection.The surgical technique and the results are illustrated on three patients. Favourable results were obtained in small and in large bony defects and even after previous frontal osteomyelitis.

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Arunachalam, Umamageswari, Adithan Chandrasekaran, and Iyanar Kannan. "Lack of Association between a Functional Polymorphism in Dopamine and Opioid Receptor Genes with Alcoholism in South Indian Tamilian Population." Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 16, no. 1 (2023): 345–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2616.

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Background: Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of dopamine receptor (DRD2) and μ opioid receptor (OPRM1) genes are associated with susceptibility towards alcoholism. Hence, our study aimed to investigate the association of rs1799732 (DRD2) and rs1799971(OPRM1) with the risk of alcohol dependence in the south Indian Tamilian population and to compare the frequencies of these SNPs with major global populations. Methods: A total of 150 alcohol-dependent cases aged between 18 and 65 years who satisfied DSM-V were recruited from a de-addiction center (TTK hospital, Chennai). For the control group, 150 unrelated male blood donors with an AUDIT score of less than 8 were included. Genomic DNA was extracted and the alleles were genotyped using Taqman SNP genotyping assays by quantitative PCR. Results: Minor allele frequency (MAF) of rs1799732 and rs1799971 among controls were 16.7% and 50.3% respectively. Fisher’s exact test showed a highly significant difference in MAF of DRD2 and OPRM1 between south Indian controls and European as well as African populations. All the five genetic models of SNPs were evaluated using the Chi-square test revealed no statistically significant association between the SNPs and alcohol dependence. Conclusions: The present study did not find any association between DRD2 −141C Ins/Del and A118G OPRM1 polymorphism with alcoholism in the Tamilian population of south India.

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G M, Vishnu, Swapna Alex, Soni K B, Kiran A G, Anju Krishnan G, and Shanas S. "Molecular phylogeny of south Indian Aphthona species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini) with evidence for colour polymorphism." ENTOMON 45, no. 1 (2020): 01–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.33307/entomon.v45i1.497.

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Phylogenetic relationships among southern Indian Aphthona species using the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 mitochondrial gene (COX1 or COI) is reported. This study confirms colour polymorphism in Aphthona: A. tamila and A. glochidionae; A. marataka and A. macarangae, respectively, could be confirmed as colour morphs. Aphthona phyllanthae is the most diverged taxon according to the genetic distance.

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Jayanth, Malarvizhi. "Literary criticism as a critique of caste: Ayothee Thass and the Tamil Buddhist past." Journal of Commonwealth Literature 54, no. 1 (2017): 84–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021989417710066.

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While postcolonial studies has expanded Indian nationalist critique by considering how British literary forms reinforced imperial rule, little is known about how colonial-era Dalit writing demonstrated the bases of caste inequality. The literary criticism of Ayothee Thass (1845–1914) does so by locating the origins of untouchability in the vanquishing of Buddhism by Brahminical forces. This article draws upon issues of his Tamilan journal published between 1907 and 1914, to argue that Thass offered literary criticism as a means of destabilizing widely-accepted justifications of caste and as a basis of political action. Just as nationalists turned to the pre-colonial past to establish authority and critique colonial dominance, lower-caste intellectuals including Ayothee Thass turned to a pre-Brahminical past to assert their identity as indigenous inhabitants of the land. The little-known history of this mode of reading is crucial to understand the formation of a more inclusive public sphere in colonial India and the genealogies of twentieth-century Dalit assertion in the subcontinent.

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Ramalingam, Selvajothi, and Sheena Kaur Jaswant Singh. "THE ATTITUDE OF TAMILS IN SARAWAK STATE TOWARDS TAMIL LANGUAGE IN MULTILINGUAL CONTEXT." Journal of Indian Studies 10, no. 1 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/jis.vol10no1.1.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Tamilen'

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