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Sharhan, Mohamed Abbar, and Qusay Hasan Mansi. "Assessment of Adolescents' Awareness about Tanner Scale at Consultant Outpatient of Endocrine and Hormones in Central Child's Educational Hospital." International Journal of Medical and All Body Health Research 6, no. 2 (2025): 82–86. https://doi.org/10.54660/ijmbhr.2025.6.2.82-86.
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Background: Adolescence involves quick, comprehensive, and diversified changes and a phase of life. Children, adolescents, and adults' physical development is measured by the Tanner scale. An objective classification measure, the Tanner scale (sexual maturity rating (SMR)) tracks secondary sexual traits during puberty. The Aim of the study Adolescents' awareness about Tanner scale in Baghdad city/Iraq. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in Baghdad Health ministry and Central Child's Educational Hospital, consultant outpatient of endocrine and hormones. After taking the ethical approvals from the Baghdad Health ministry and the Central Child's Educational Hospital (2/10/2024--9871), collected the sample from the consultant outpatient of endocrine and hormones during October to December 2024. Results: According to ages, 14-18 years were more included (66.7%) than 9-13 years (33.3%) with mean (14.04 ∓3.54). both gender have same precent (50%). term Gestational age were more prevalent (67.7%) than preterm (33.3%). Cesarean Section 72.2% were more than normal 27.8%. Urban residence were 66.7%. About 55.5% of adolescent have child disease and 44.5 have not. In compatibility of adolescents' awareness about tanner scale showed that, 60 (66.7%) not compatible and IV-stage is most not compatible at significant P.value (0.021). it revealed (no significant) association between (gender, gestational age and Have child disease) factors and adolescents' awareness about tanner scale. While (significant) positive association between (age and Types of delivery) factors and adolescents' awareness about tanner scale of study group by P value < 0.05. Conclusion: Learning about each Tanner stage can help adolescent understand what their little one is going through and better advocate for their well-being. More than half of the study participants did not have sufficient information about the tanner scale, so it is necessary to spread sufficient awareness about it among adolescents.
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Lauffer, Peter, Christiaan F. Mooij, Nitash Zwaveling-Soonawala, and A. S. Paul van Trotsenburg. "Reforming the male Tanner genital scale." Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism 33, no. 3 (2020): 425–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jpem-2019-0501.
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Campisi, Susan C., Josée D. Marchand, Fahad Javaid Siddiqui, Muhammad Islam, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, and Mark R. Palmert. "Can we rely on adolescents to self-assess puberty stage? A systematic review and meta-analysis." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 105, no. 8 (2020): 2846–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgaa135.
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Abstract Context Clinicians, researchers, and global health advocates often include pubertal development in outcomes. However, assessments of pubertal stage can be challenging because of the sensitive nature and feasibility of clinical examinations, especially in larger settings. Objective To determine the accuracy of self-assessed Tanner staging when compared with physically assessed Tanner stages by a clinician. Data Sources MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL. Study Selection Studies were included if they reported 5 × 5 tables of self-assessment compared to clinician–assessment for the 5-stage Tanner scale. Data Extraction We extracted data to generate complete 5 × 5 tables for each study, including any subgroup eligible for the analysis, such as overweight/obese youth. Data Synthesis After screening, 22 studies representing 21,801 participants met our inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. Overall agreement was moderate or substantial between the 2 assessments, with breast stage 1, female pubic hair 1, male pubic hair 1, and male pubic hair 5 having the highest agreement. When stages were collapsed into pre- (Tanner stage 1), in (stages 2,3), and completing (stages 4,5) puberty, levels of agreement improved, especially for pre- and completing pubertal development. Most included studies comprised Caucasian youth. More studies are needed which include a broader range of geographic and socioeconomic settings, as well as a greater diversity of racial/ethnic groups. Conclusions Self-assessment of puberty is most accurate when identifying Tanner stage 1, Tanner stage 5 and when development is categorized into prepuberty, in, and completing puberty phases. Use of self-assessment data should be structured accordingly. Protocol Registration PROSPERO # CRD42018100205
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Bonilla, Carolina, Sarah J. Lewis, Richard M. Martin, et al. "Pubertal development and prostate cancer risk: Mendelian randomization study in a population-based cohort." BMC Medicine 14, no. 1 (2016): 66. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-016-0602-x.
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<strong>Background: </strong>Epidemiological studies have observed a positive association between an earlier age at sexual development and prostate cancer, but markers of sexual maturation in boys are imprecise and observational estimates are likely to suffer from a degree of uncontrolled confounding. To obtain causal estimates, we examined the role of pubertal development in prostate cancer using genetic polymorphisms associated with Tanner stage in adolescent boys in a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.<strong>Methods: </strong>We derived a weighted genetic risk score for pubertal development, combining 13 SNPs associated with male Tanner stage. A higher score indicated a later puberty onset. We examined the association of this score with prostate cancer risk, stage and grade in the UK-based ProtecT case-control study (<i>n</i> = 2,927), and used the PRACTICAL consortium (<i>n</i> = 43,737) as a replication sample.<strong>Results: </strong>In ProtecT, the puberty genetic score was inversely associated with prostate cancer grade (odds ratio (OR) of high- vs. low-grade cancer, per tertile of the score: 0.76; 95 % CI, 0.64–0.89). In an instrumental variable estimation of the causal OR, later physical development in adolescence (equivalent to a difference of one Tanner stage between pubertal boys of the same age) was associated with a 77 % (95 % CI, 43–91 %) reduced odds of high Gleason prostate cancer. In PRACTICAL, the puberty genetic score was associated with prostate cancer stage (OR of advanced vs. localized cancer, per tertile: 0.95; 95 % CI, 0.91–1.00) and prostate cancer-specific mortality (hazard ratio amongst cases, per tertile: 0.94; 95 % CI, 0.90–0.98), but not with disease grade.<strong>Conclusions: </strong>Older age at sexual maturation is causally linked to a reduced risk of later prostate cancer, especially aggressive disease.
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Pompéia, Sabine, Gislaine De Almeida Valverde Zanini, Rafaella Sales de Freitas, et al. "Adapted version of the Pubertal Development Scale for use in Brazil." Revista de Saúde Pública 53 (August 13, 2019): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2019053000915.
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OBJECTIVE: To determine whether scores in an adapted version of the self-assessment Pubertal Development Scale into Portuguese match those from the gold standard in pubertal development (Tanner scale). METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study with a convenience sample of 133 children and adolescents aged nine to 17 years (59 males; mean age of 13 years and six months, with standard deviation = 25 months). Youngsters completed the Pubertal Development Scale and were then examined by specialists in adolescent medicine. RESULTS: Exact absolute agreement of pubertal stages were modest, but significant associations between measures (correlation; intra-class correlation coefficients of consistency) showed that the Pubertal Development Scale adequately measures changes that map onto pubertal development determined by physical examination, on par with international publications. Furthermore, scores obtained from each Pubertal Development Scale question reflected adequate gonadal and adrenal events assessed by clinical ratings, mostly with medium/high effect sizes. Latent factors obtained from scores on all Pubertal Development Scale questions had excellent fit indices in Confirmatory Factor Analyses and correlated with Tanner staging. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that self-assessment of body changes by youngsters using the Portuguese version of the Pubertal Development Scale is useful when estimates of pubertal progression are sufficient, and exact agreement with clinical staging is not necessary. The Pubertal Development Scale is, therefore, a reliable instrument for use in large-scale studies in Brazil that aim at investigating adolescent health related to pubertal developmental. The translated version and scoring systems are provided.
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Beltran Valls, Maria Reyes, Mireia Adelantado-Renau, Daniel Segura-Ayala, Míriam Toledo-Bonifás, and Diego Moliner-Urdiales. "Nivel de desarrollo madurativo, actividad física y calidad del sueño en chicas adolescentes: proyecto DADOS (Maturational development, physical activity, and sleep quality in adolescent girls: DADOS project)." Retos, no. 35 (July 31, 2018): 71–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i35.60553.
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El sueño y la actividad física (AF) son hábitos fundamentales para la salud durante la adolescencia ya que favorecen un óptimo desarrollo físico, cognitivo y emocional. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la influencia del desarrollo madurativo sobre la calidad del sueño en niñas adolescentes, así como los niveles AF diaria según su nivel de desarrollo. Se evaluó el nivel de desarrollo madurativo de 129 chicas participantes del proyecto DADOS a través de la escala de Tanner. Se dividió al grupo en dos según su nivel de desarrollo madurativo (Tanner <4; Tanner ≥4). La calidad del sueño fue evaluada mediante la versión española del cuestionario Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) y se crearon los grupos óptima (PSQI ≤5) y mala (PSQI >5) calidad del sueño. Se evaluó la AF mediante acelerometría triaxial. El índice de masa corporal (IMC, kg/m2) se incluyó como covariable. No se encontraron diferencias en la puntuación total del PSQI en función del desarrollo madurativo (p >.05). Las adolescentes con mayor nivel de desarrollo mostraron menor AF diaria (p <.05). El porcentaje de chicas que presentaba óptima/mala calidad del sueño fue similar entre los grupos de desarrollo madurativo (p >.05). Las chicas con nivel de desarrollo madurativo superior (Tanner ≥4) no mostraron mayor riesgo de tener mala calidad del sueño (OR=1.08, 95%CI 0.51–2.34), teniendo en cuenta su IMC y AF diaria. En conclusión, el nivel de desarrollo madurativo de las adolescentes no parece estar relacionado con la calidad del sueño pero sí con la AF. Abstract: Sleep and physical activity (PA) are fundamental behaviors for adolescents’ health since they are related to optimal physical, cognitive, and emotional development. The aim of our study was to analyze the influence of the maturational development on sleep quality in adolescent girls, as well as to evaluate the daily PA level based on the level of maturational development. The level of maturational development of 129 girls participating in the DADOS project was assessed through the Tanner scale. Two groups were created (Tanner <4 and Tanner ≥4). Sleep quality was assessed using the Spanish version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), based on which the following groups were created: optimal (PSQI ≤5) and poor (PSQI >5) sleep quality. PA was measured with triaxial accelerometers. Body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) was included in the study as a covariable. No significant differences were found in the total PSQI score between the maturational development groups (p >.05). Adolescents with higher maturational development performed less PA (p <.05). The percentage of girls who presented optimal/poor sleep quality was similar between the two maturational development groups (p >.05). Girls with higher maturational development (Tanner ≥4) did not show increased risk of poor sleep quality (OR=1.08, 95%CI 0.51-2.34), considering their BMI and daily PA. In conclusion, the maturational development of adolescent girls does not seem to be related with sleep quality but it influences the PA levels.
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Martin, Catherine A., Greg Guenthner, Christopher Bingcang, et al. "A Pilot Study: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Sensation Seeking, and Pubertal Changes." Scientific World JOURNAL 6 (2006): 637–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2006.129.
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This study was designed to examine the relationship of pubertal changes and sensation seeking (SS) in adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Patients with current or past histories of uncomplicated stimulant medication use for ADHD between the ages of 11 and 15 (13 ± 1.5) were recruited from a Child Psychiatry and a General Pediatric Clinic. SS was measured using the SS Scale for Children. Pubertal development was measured using Tanner staging, free testosterone, and DHEAS. Subjects and their parent were interviewed with the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC). SS total score was correlated with Tanner stage, free testosterone, and DHEAS (p≤ 0.01). The combined parent and child reports of symptoms of Oppositional Defiant Disorder from the DISC were inversely related to age (p≤ 0.05). Understanding SS in ADHD adolescents as they move through puberty will aid clinicians in monitoring ADHD adolescents and their trajectory into high-risk behaviors.
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Aparecido, Lucas Eduardo de Oliveira, Kamila Cunha de Meneses, Guilherme Botega Torsoni, José Reinaldo da Silva Cabral de Moraes, and Daniel Zimmermann Mesquita. "Accuracy of Potential Evapotranspiration Models in Different Time Scales." Revista Brasileira de Meteorologia 35, no. 1 (2020): 63–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0102-7786351026.
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Abstract Know the precision of potential evapotranspiration models in different agronomic and climatic conditions is useful for irrigated agriculture. Therefore, we aimed to compare 18 methods of estimation of ETP with the Penman-Monteith (FAO-56) method, at different time scales for the State of Mato Grosso do Sul. Time series of climatic data were used on a daily scale between 1983 and 2018 from 22 locations in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. ETP estimation models tested were: Benevidez-Lopez, Blaney-Criddle, Camargo, Hamon, Hargreaves, Hargreaves-Samani, Jensen-Haise, Jobson, Kharrufa, Linacre, Makkink, Penman, Priestley-Taylor, Radiation, Romanenko, Tanner-Pelton, Thornthwaite, and Turc. These models were compared with Penman-Monteith in daily, weekly, and monthly scales. The comparison between the ETP estimation models and the Penman-Monteith model was performed by the statistical indices: accuracy (MAPE) and precision (R2aj). Estimation methods showed differences in efficiency over time scales. The best performances of the models were on the daily scale. For daily scale, methods of Priestley-Taylor, Hargreaves, Hamon, and Makkink present the best values of accuracy and precision for the State of Mato Grosso do Sul. In the weekly scale, the most accurate methods are Hamon and Makkink, while for monthly scale the best methods are Makkink and Priestley-Taylor.
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Prastyo, Dimas Bagus, Melda Deliana, Yazid Dimyati, and Karina Sugih Arto. "The Effect of Psychological Stress on Salivary Testosterone in Puberty Children." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 6, no. 9 (2018): 1611–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2018.321.
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BACKGROUND: Psychological stress is a condition that is experienced by many adolescents which affect the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal axis. Testosterone is known as a sex steroid hormone that is susceptible to acute stress and can be measured through saliva. Disruption of the reproductive system can affect the sexual maturation process.
 AIM: To understand the difference in salivary testosterone levels in puberty children before and after given a stressor.
 METHODS: A quasi-experimental intervention study was conducted at Antonius Bangun Mulia junior high school, Medan, North Sumatera, in July-October 2017. Subjects were students aged 12-14 years with sexual maturity G2 for boys and M2 for girls. Psychological stress intervention was generated by the Wechsler intelligence scale for children fourth edition (WISC IV). Saliva was collected before and after the intervention. The analysis was done with Wilcoxon test and a P value < 0.05 was considered significant.
 RESULTS: Forty-two subjects of 24 male students and 18 female students with sexual maturation Tanner II (54.8%) and Tanner III (45.2%). This study obtained that there was a statistically significant difference in salivary testosterone levels before and after the subject was given a stressor (P = 0.015, CI 95%). This difference also was seen within sexual maturation Tanner II (P = 0.045, CI 95%). No difference was observed in testosterone levels based on gender, male students (P = 0.065, CI 95%) and female students (P = 0.112, CI 95%).
 CONCLUSION: Stress can affect salivary testosterone levels. There was a statistically significant difference in salivary testosterone levels before and after psychological stress in puberty children.
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Zinkevych, Olena. "Dmitriy Shostakovich in William Tanner Vollmann’s Novel “Europe Central”." Scientific herald of Tchaikovsky National Music Academy of Ukraine, no. 133 (March 21, 2022): 134–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31318/2522-4190.2022.133.257330.
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The relevance of the study. In the foreign reception of Dmitriy Shostakovich, its out-ofmusical-professional discourse is important. Along with the play by David Pounell “Master Class”, the novel by Julian Barnes “The Noise of Time” and others, the novel by the famous American writer William T. Vollmann (William T. Vollmann) “Europe Central” (“Europe nodal”) is quite significant, it received the 2005 US National Book Award. The almost 800-page epic, which foreign critics compare with the epic of L. Tolstoy and call “War and Peace of the 20th century”, covers the events of Russian and German history from 1914 till 1975, including the Holocaust, the era of great terror, Babi Yar. The panorama of the war between two totalitarian regimes is especially widespread.
 Among the characters are mainly representatives of creative professions and military leaders: Hitler and Stalin, Paulus and Vlasov, Kete Kolwitz and Anna Akhmatova, Tukhachevsky and Roman Carmen, etc. The destinies of all characters are intertwined, their stories unfold in parallel or in interaction. But the real hero of the book is Dmitriy Shostakovich.
 Main objective of the study is to acquaint with the work of William T. Vollmann and his novel “Europe Central”, the analysis of which makes it possible to understand the peculiarities of perception of D. Shostakovich’s music by the US intellectual elite.
 The main results and conclusions of the study. William T. Vollmann refers to Shostakovich as a hero and admits his passion for his personality. Mainly adhering to the facts, he conjectures a lot and frankly invents. Heightened metaphor, phantasmagorism, extravagance of his descriptions are quite consistent with the style of postmodernism or absurdity. The author does not hide his liberties and in the afterword apologizes for the distortions in the book. The mythogenic situation created by Vollmann clearly echoes the well-known — including Russian — fictionalization by Dmitriy Shostakovich. And, thus, Vollmann’s novel becomes another confirmation of Shostakovich’s acquisition of the status of a “cultural hero of the era”, because it is the mythogenic processes provoked by large-scale public reflection that are decisive in the formation of this sociocultural phenomenon.
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Wang, Caiyun, Yongyong Pei, Yaqun Niu, and Ruiqiang He. "Complex Dynamical Behavior of Holling–Tanner Predator-Prey Model with Cross-Diffusion." Complexity 2022 (January 10, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8238384.
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Spatial predator-prey models have been studied by researchers for many years, because the exact distributions of the population can be well illustrated via pattern formation. In this paper, amplitude equations of a spatial Holling–Tanner predator-prey model are studied via multiple scale analysis. First, by amplitude equations, we obtain the corresponding intervals in which different kinds of patterns will be onset. Additionally, we get the conclusion that pattern transitions of the predator are induced by the increasing rate of conversion into predator biomass. Specifically, pattern transitions of the predator between distinct Turing pattern structures vary in an orderly manner: from spotted patterns to stripe patterns, and finally to black-eye patterns. Moreover, it is discovered that pattern transitions of prey can be induced by cross-diffusion; that is, patterns of prey transmit from spotted patterns to stripe patterns and finally to a mixture of spot and stripe patterns. Meanwhile, it is found that both effects of cross-diffusion and interaction between the prey and predator can lead to the complicated phenomenon of dynamics in the system of biology.
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Nolan, Brendan J., Aviva S. Frydman, Shalem Y. Leemaqz, et al. "LBODP089 Effects Of Low-dose Oral Micronised Progesterone On Sleep, Psychological Distress And Breast Development In Transgender Individuals Undergoing Feminising Hormone Therapy: A Prospective Controlled Study." Journal of the Endocrine Society 6, Supplement_1 (2022): A653—A654. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvac150.1351.
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Abstract Objective The role of micronised progesterone in hormone regimens for transgender individuals undergoing feminising hormone therapy remains uncertain. We aimed to determine the effect of oral micronised progesterone (progesterone) on sleep quality, psychological distress and breast development in transgender individuals undergoing feminising hormone therapy. Design: Prospective case-control study. Twenty-three transgender individuals on stable estradiol treatment newly commencing 100mg oral progesterone (n=23) and controls continuing standard care (n=19) were assessed over 3 months. Methods Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Kessler psychological distress scale (K10), and Tanner stage to assess breast development were assessed at 0 and 3 months. Non-parametric ANCOVA were used to compare differences between groups. Results Compared with controls over 3 months, there was no difference in PSQI (P=0.35), K10 (P=0.64) or Tanner stage (P=0.42). There was no significant difference in the proportion of individuals with clinically significant improvement in PSQI (25% vs. 22%, P=0.84). One individual had a significant deterioration in psychological distress that improved following cessation of progesterone. Conclusions Low-dose progesterone was not associated with changes in sleep quality, psychological distress, or breast development over three months follow-up, though there was significant inter-individual variability. Larger, placebo-controlled trials are required to further evaluate different doses of progesterone in feminising hormone therapy regimens. Presentation: No date and time listed
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Lui, K. K., B. A. Mander, S. Radom-Aizik, et al. "0335 Frontal Expression of NREM Sleep Oscillations are Associated with Executive Function in Children and Adolescents." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (2020): A127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.332.
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Abstract Introduction The prefrontal cortex, an area known for executive functioning (including inhibition and self-monitoring) develops during childhood and adolescents, with a pattern of posterior to anterior brain development. Slow-wave activity (SWA) in NREM sleep, tracks brain development with high SWA power migrating from occipital to frontal region as brain maturation occurs. This pilot study aimed to examine whether slow wave topography is correlated with executive function in youth. Methods Seventeen healthy children and adolescents (ages 11-17; 10 females) underwent overnight polysomnography (PSG) with high-density electroencephalography (hdEEG). Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) was administered to assess executive function. SWA (SWA1: 0.5-1 Hz; SWA2: 1-4.5 Hz) and spindle (slow sigma: 11-13 Hz; fast sigma: 13-16 Hz) activity was analyzed with spectral analysis using Welch’s method. BRIEF subscales of inhibition and monitor were correlated with SWA and sigma power across all derivations, with Holm-Bonferroni correction (126 channels). Significant derivations were then controlled for sex and self-reported Tanner stage using multiple regression Results BRIEF-Inhibition scale (i.e., ability to repress impulsivity) and SWA1 in anterior frontal derivations were negatively correlated (R2=0.58, p=0.047 corrected). BRIEF-Monitor scale (i.e., self-perception of one’s own behavior and interpersonal awareness) was negatively correlated with fast sigma in anterior frontal derivations (R2=0.65, p=0.013 corrected). These associations were significant after controlling for sex and Tanner stage. Conclusion These results support the hypothesis that NREM sleep oscillations are associated with executive function and reflect changes in neuroplasticity related to “back-to-front” brain maturation. Future longitudinal studies should combine multi-modal neuroimaging of brain structure and local sleep with comprehensive assessments of executive function to evaluate the possible link between local sleep and development of higher-order cognition in frontal brain regions in youth. Support NCATS grant #UL1TR001414 & PERC Systems Biology Fund
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Kazakova, AV, EV Uvarova, LV Limareva, AA Trupakova, and AI Mishina. "Prediction of bacterial vulvovaginitis in girls at different Tanner stages of sexual development." IMMUNO-ONCOLOGY, no. 5 (October 29, 2019): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.24075/brsmu.2019.070.
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At present, there is a paucity of research studies that comprehensively investigate the factors causing vulvovaginitis in young females. The aim of this work was to propose an algorithm for predicting the risk of vulvovaginitis in young girls and adolescents. The study recruited 252 healthy girls, who were stratified into a few groups depending on their sexual development on the Tanner scale. The composition of vaginal microbiota was determined in all the participants using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR); distribution of allele and genotype frequencies was assessed for the polymorphic variants of genes coding for pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Based on the obtained data, we created a functional model for predicting the risk of vulvovaginitis in girls at different stages of sexual development. Favorable risk factors for Tanner I girls included predominance of obligate anaerobes in vaginal microbiota and the polymorphic IL10 variant (C-819T) homozygous for TT. The sensitivity of the model was 80%, its specificity was 78%. Favorable risk factors for prepubertal and pubertal girls included predominance of aerobes in the composition of vaginal microbiota and the presence of the TT allele in the polymorphic IL10 gene variant (C-3953T). The sensitivity of the model was 58.3%, whereas specificity, 94.1%. This study provides the rationale conforming with the principles of evidence-based medicine for using prevention measures in the groups at risk for vulvovaginitis at young age. The proposed measures allowed us to reduce the relapse rate of bacterial vulvovaginitis threefold.
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Martín Pérez, Isidro Miguel, Sofia Bourhim, and Sebastián Eustaquio Martín Pérez. "Artificial Intelligence-Based Models for Automated Bone Age Assessment from Posteroanterior Wrist X-Rays: A Systematic Review." Applied Sciences 15, no. 11 (2025): 5978. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15115978.
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Introduction: Bone-age assessment using posteroanterior left hand–wrist radiographs is indispensable in pediatric endocrinology and forensic age determination. Traditional methods—Greulich–Pyle atlas and Tanner–Whitehouse scoring—are time-consuming, operator-dependent, and prone to inter- and intra-observer variability. Aim: To systematically review the performance of AI-based models for automated bone-age estimation from left PA hand–wrist radiographs. Materials and Methods: A systematic review was carried out and previously registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024619808) in MEDLINE (PubMed), Google Scholar, ELSEVIER (Scopus), EBSCOhost, Cochrane Library, Web of Science (WoS), IEEE Xplore, and ProQuest for original studies published between 2019 and 2024. Two independent reviewers extracted study characteristics and outcomes, assessed methodological quality via the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale, and evaluated bias using ROBINS-E. Results: Seventy-seven studies met inclusion criteria, encompassing convolutional neural networks, ensemble and hybrid models, and transfer-learning approaches. Commercial systems (e.g., BoneXpert®, Physis®, VUNO Med®-BoneAge) achieved mean absolute errors of 2–31.8 months—significantly surpassing Greulich–Pyle and Tanner–Whitehouse benchmarks—and reduced reading times by up to 87%. Common limitations included demographic bias, heterogeneous imaging protocols, and scarce external validation. Conclusions: AI-based approaches have substantially advanced automated bone-age estimation, delivering clinical-grade speed and mean absolute errors below 6 months. To ensure equitable, generalizable performance, future work must prioritize demographically diverse training cohorts, implement bias-mitigation strategies, and perform local calibration against region-specific standards.
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Bull, R. K., P. D. Edwards, P. M. Kemp, S. Fry, and I. A. Hughes. "Bone age assessment: a large scale comparison of the Greulich and Pyle, and Tanner and Whitehouse (TW2) methods." Archives of Disease in Childhood 81, no. 2 (1999): 172–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/adc.81.2.172.
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Yuh, Yeong-Seng, Ting Ywan Chou, and Tao-Hsin Tung. "Bone age assessment: Large-scale comparison of Greulich-Pyle method and Tanner-Whitehouse 3 method for Taiwanese children." Journal of the Chinese Medical Association 86, no. 2 (2023): 246–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jcma.0000000000000854.
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Hernández Otero, I., T. Banaschewski, M. Johnson, et al. "Growth and Sexual Maturation in a 2-year, Open-label Clinical Study of Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate in Children and Adolescents with ADHD." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (2017): S130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1943.
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IntroductionIndividuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may require long-term medication.ObjectivesTo measure growth and sexual maturation of children and adolescents with ADHD receiving lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) in a 2-year trial (SPD489-404).AimsTo investigate the impact of long-term LDX treatment on growth and maturation.MethodsParticipants (6–17 years) received dose-optimized, open-label LDX (30–70 mg/day) for 104 weeks. Weight, height and BMI z-scores were derived using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention norms [1]. Sexual maturation was assessed using the Tanner scale (participant-rated as closest to their stage of development based on standardized drawings).ResultsOf 314 enrolled participants, 191 (60.8%) completed the study. Mean z-scores at baseline and last on-treatment assessment (LOTA) were 0.53 (standard deviation, 0.963) and 0.02 (1.032) for weight, 0.61 (1.124) and 0.37 (1.131) for height, and 0.32 (0.935) and–0.27 (1.052) for BMI. In general, z-scores shifted lower over the first 36 weeks and then stabilized. At LOTA, most participants remained at their baseline Tanner stage or shifted higher, based on development of hair (males, 95.5%; females, 92.1%) or genitalia/breasts (males, 94.7%; females, 98.4%).ConclusionsConsistent with previous studies of stimulants used to treat ADHD [2], z-scores for weight, height and BMI decreased, mostly in the first year, then stabilized. No clinically concerning trends of LDX treatment on sexual maturation or the onset of puberty were observed.Disclosure of interestStudy funded by Shire Development LLC.Dr Isabel Hernández Otero (Alicia Koplowitz Foundation, Eli Lilly, Forest, Janssen-Cilag, Junta de Andalucia, Roche, Shire, Shire Pharmaceuticals Iberica S.L., and Sunovion).
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Svitlana Turchina, Larisa Nikitina, Tetiana Kostenko, Olga Varodova, and Svitlana Korsun. "Thyroid dysfunction and the state of the GH/IGF-1 system in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus." Physical Rehabilitation and Recreational Health Technologies 8, no. 1 (2023): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.15391/prrht.2023-8(1).06.
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Purpose: to determine the relationship between the functional state of the pituitary-thyroid system and the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor type 1 (GH/IGF-1) system in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) during puberty
 Material & Methods: 165 children (85 girls (51,5%) and 80 boys (48,5%) aged 8 to 18 years old who have DM1 and are in the endocrinology department of the State Institution "Institute for Children and Adolescents Health Care at the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine" (SI "ICAHC NAMS"). The criterion for inclusion in the study was the duration of DM1 for more than one year (from 1 to 16 years). The level of thyrotropin (TSH), free fractions of thyroxin (fT4) and triiodothyronine (fT3), GH and IGF-1 was determined and the ratio (fT3/fT4 and TSH/fT4) was calculated. Study participants were divided into groups depending on the level of sexual development (T1-T4) at the time of the study, assessed by the Marshall & Tanner scale (Marshall & Tanner, 1969; Marshall & Tanner, 1970); functional state of the pituitary-thyroid system: (euthyroidism (TSH/fТ4 <0,19 c.u.), minimal thyroid insufficiency (0,19 c.u. ≤ TSH/fТ4 ≤0,29 c.u.), with subclinical hypothyroidism (TSH/fТ4 >0,29 c.u.) (Turchina et al., 2016).
 Results: it was found that among adolescents with DM1, almost every child has signs of thyroid dysfunction. An increase in the fT3 level and the fT3/fT4 ratio were more often diagnosed. The frequency of increase in the level of TSH and the ratio of TSH/fT4 fluctuated widely and depended on the sexual development of the child. More often, signs of SGH were determined during early puberty (23,5%), which probably exceeded those in prepubertal (16%, Pφ<0,05), proper (8,9%, Pφ<0,05) and late puberty (6,1%, Pφ<0,05). These changes indicate the tension of the thyroid system at the beginning of puberty, which is the basis not only for an increase in the risk of thyroid pathology in this period of puberty, but also for violations of physical and sexual development.
 Conclusions: almost a third of adolescents with DM1 had signs of thyroid insufficiency of varying degrees, which was most often determined during early puberty. The progression of thyroid insufficiency was accompanied by a decrease in the level of GH and IGF-1.
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Yuda, I. Made Darma, I. Made Arimbawa, and Karuna Dhorayho Yasa. "The pattern of adolescent puberty at Sekar Pengharapan orphanage and Widya Asih orphanage, Badung, Bali." Intisari Sains Medis 14, no. 3 (2023): 1116–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/ism.v14i3.1836.
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Background: Puberty is a transition phase from adolescence to adulthood. In this period, there are physical, hormonal and psychological changes. The appearance of secondary sex characteristics characterizes puberty and ends with the arrival of menarche in girls and complete genital development in boys. This study determined the pattern of puberty in adolescents in orphanages. Method: This study used a descriptive cross-sectional design. The data were taken at Sekar Pengharapan and Widhya Asih orphanage Badung, Bali, on December 4th, 2021. The subjects in this study were children who entered the age of puberty in an orphanage and met inclusion and exclusion criteria. The ethics section of Medical Faculty Universitas Udayana/Sanglah Hospital approved this research. The SPSS program analyzed the data with p<0,05 determined significant value. Result: 50 subjects who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria participated in this study; 31 (62.0%) subjects were female, and 19 (38.0%) were male. The research subjects' age (mean±SD) was 15.5±1.3 years. There were 3 subjects (6.0%) in prepubertal condition, while most (50.0%) were in the Tanner scale stage 4. Most subjects had good nutritional status (92.0%), and no subject was stunted. The average length of stay in the orphanage of the subjects was 13.3 ± 9.2 months. Most subjects were on the Tanner 4, about 25 people (50%). The average age of menarche in this study was 11.5 ± 0.6 years. Conclusion: The level of sexual maturity in orphanage adolescents is relatively normal in the orphanage population. However, there are still 3 teenagers who are at prepubertal age. The age of menarche in women is relatively normal based on age.
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Scocco, Paolo, Gaia Meneghel, Marirosa Dello Buono, and Diego De Leo. "Hostility as a Feature of Elderly Suicidal Ideators." Psychological Reports 88, no. 3 (2001): 863–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2001.88.3.863.
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Literature suggests that suicidal feelings are relatively rare in mentally healthy older adults. This research investigated the presence of death or suicidal ideation in a group of home-dwelling elderly people ( N = 611, M age = 75.7 yr., SD = 7.2), taking into account their psychopathological profiles assessed by means of the Brief Symptom Inventory. Suicidality was investigated by the Italian translation of the 1974 questions from Paykel, Myers, Lindenthal, and Tanner. Elderly with death or suicidal ideation manifested depressive and anxious symptoms on the Brief Symptom Inventory. This psychopathological profile, which has been reported for these subjects in various contributions to the literature, was also characterized by the presence of hostility. The correlation with higher scores on the hostility scale is difficult to interpret, although these feelings are often accompanied by failure to control impulses, which is an essential characteristic in suicidal behaviour.
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Campisi, Susan C., Khadija N. Humayun, Yaqub Wasan, et al. "Self-assessed puberty is reliable in a low-income setting in rural Pakistan." Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism 33, no. 9 (2020): 1191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jpem-2020-0246.
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AbstractObjectivesStaging sexual maturation is an integral component of adolescent research. The Pubertal Development Scale (PDS) is commonly used as a puberty self-assessment tool because it avoids the use of images. Among the youth living in rural Pakistan, we determined the accuracy of self-reported pubertal assessments using a modified PDS compared to the ‘gold standard’ of physically assessed Tanner stages by a physician.MethodsThe strength of agreement between self-assessed puberty using a modified PDS and the ‘gold’ standard of physician-assessed Tanner stages was reported using weighted kappa (κw) for girls (n = 723) of 9.0–14.9 years of age or boys (n = 662) of 10.0–15.9 years of age living in the rural District of Matiari.ResultsAgreement between the gold standard and self-assessment for puberty was substantial, with a κw of 0.73 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.67; 0.79) for girls and a κw of 0.61 (95% CI: 0.55; 0.66) for boys. Substantial agreement was observed for both boys and girls classified as thinness but only for girls with a normal body mass index. Those who were classified as severely thin had moderate agreement. The prevalence of overestimation was 18.5% (95% CI: 15.9–21.5) for girls and 2.7% (95% CI: 1.7–4.3) for boys, while the prevalence of underestimation estimation was 8.0% (95% CI: 6.2–10.2) for girls and 29.0% (95% CI: 25.8–32.6) for boys.ConclusionsMost girls and boys assessed their pubertal development with substantial agreement with physician assessment. Girls were better able to assess their puberty, but they were more likely to overestimate. Agreement for boys was also substantial, but they were more likely to underestimate their pubertal development. In this rural Pakistan population, the PDS seems to be a promising tool for self-assessed puberty.
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Griyanitasari, Gresy, Yuni Kusumastuti, Ambar Pertiwiningrum, et al. "Chrome Uptake and Thermal Stability of Wet Blue Leather Tanned by Static and Rotating Drum." Textile & Leather Review 7 (March 6, 2024): 352–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.31881/tlr.2023.216.
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Leather tanning can be done by soaking the skin in pits or rotating in tannery drums. Technical soaking of rotate movement and static soaking affects the skin microstructure matrix. This study aims to compare the quality of wet blue leather tanned by static soaking in a vessel and rotating in a tannery drum, particularly in terms of chrome uptake and thermal stability. The penetration time in the soaking experiment varied from 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48, and 56 hours. Meanwhile, the control was processed in a small-scale tannery drum with two hours of penetration time. Then, each sample was subjected to basification using HCOONa and NaHCO3. The results showed that all samples increased in weight and thickness after tanning. After penetration, wet blue leather tanned in a tannery drum performed better blue-green colour evenness compared with the soaked ones. Tannery drum leather also showed better chromium uptake, shrinkage temperature, and thermal stability. When the drum rotates, the pickled pelt gets mechanical action, such as being stretched, bent, and slammed, helping the collagen fibre open and the chromium penetrates deeper and faster. This study revealed that darker wet blue leather indicates higher thermal stability and chromium uptake.
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Kazakova, Anna V., Olga I. Lineva, Zlata V. Bogdan, et al. "Risk factors for the development ofabnormal uterine bleeding in girls." Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya 20, no. 5-6 (2020): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/2072-2354.2020.20.3.25-30.
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Abnormal uterine bleeding (AMB) is the most common form of menstrual irregularities in case of gynecological diseases in children. The statistical data over the period of the last five years describing the incidence of AUB in girls aged 10-15 years treated in Togliatti City Clinical Hospital № 5 were analyzed. The study involved 140 girls aged 10-15 years: 30 girls with diagnosed AUB, 110 girls with a normal menstrual cycle. Clinical examination included the study of anamnesis, heredity, the presence of somatic diseases, the course of puberty, the characteristics of menstrual function. An examination was carried out and Tanner scale was used to assess the sexual maturity of the girls. The examination data were included into the specially developed questionnaire of a pediatric gynecologist. The level of reactive and personal anxiety in girls (SpielbergerKhanina, 1999) was also studied. This level was significantly higher in girls with uterine bleeding.
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Leonova, M. A., and N. N. Murashkin. "State of sexual development in children with congenital epidermolysis bullosa." Medical alphabet 1, no. 27 (2022): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2022-27-50-56.
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Purpose of the study. Assess the state of sexual development in children with CEB.Methods and materials. The study included 50 children aged 8.11 to 17.80 years with CEB who were treated at the National Medical Research Centre for Children’s Health (Moscow, Russia) from December 2020 to April 2022. Anthropometric parameters, the stage of sexual development on the Tanner scale, bone age, the level of pituitary (FSH, LH) and sex (estradiol, testosterone) hormones, additional hormonal parameters (cortisol, DHEA-sulfate, 17OHP, ACTH, prolactin, TSH, T3, T4, insulin), ultrasound of the pelvic organs for girls and ultrasound of the scrotum organs in boys, the results of a psychological and pedagogical examination (questionnaire according to S. Bem, ‘drawing of a person’ by K. Machover, D. Wechsler’s test) were assessed in all patients. The data are presented using median (Me), quartiles of 25 and 75% [Q25; Q75] and standard error (SE). Due to the small number of observations, nonparametric statistical criteria were used to assess the significance of the differences in the obtained indicators.Results. According to the results of the study, a statistically significant relationship was established between the occurrence of deviations in sexual development in children with CEB and the clinical form of the disease (p < 0,001). The severity of clinical manifestations of CEB according to the EBDASI scale was significantly higher in children in the group with deviations in sexual development (p = 0,000) compared with the group of children with normal sexual development. Anthropometric indicators of BAZ and HAZ in the group of children with deviations in sexual development were statistically significantly reduced (p = 0.000, p = 0.000, respectively) compared with children with normal sexual development, which means a significantly higher incidence of malnutrition in this cohort of patients. Basal levels of FSH and LH (p = 0,000, p = 0,001, respectively), estradiol and testosterone (p = 0,002, p = 0,000, respectively) were significantly lower in children with abnormalities in sexual development compared with children with normal sexual development. A statistically significant relationship was revealed in the studied groups with the stage of sexual development according to Tanner scale (p = 0,032). Among all patients with CEB (n = 50), delay puberty was diagnosed in 7 patients (14%), while all patients suffered from RDEB and had low basal LH levels, reduced estradiol and testosterone values, which allowed them to be diagnosed with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH).Conclusions. In patients with CEB with the most severe degree of clinical manifestations, accompanied by decompensated malnutrition of multifactorial genesis, there are deviations in sexual development and upon reaching the age of 13 years, girls and boys develop transient (symptomatic).
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Devi, T. Kalavathi, and Sakthivel Palaniappan. "An Asynchronous Low Power and High Performance VLSI Architecture for Viterbi Decoder Implemented with Quasi Delay Insensitive Templates." Scientific World Journal 2015 (2015): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/621012.
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Convolutional codes are comprehensively used as Forward Error Correction (FEC) codes in digital communication systems. For decoding of convolutional codes at the receiver end, Viterbi decoder is often used to have high priority. This decoder meets the demand of high speed and low power. At present, the design of a competent system in Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) technology requires these VLSI parameters to be finely defined. The proposed asynchronous method focuses on reducing the power consumption of Viterbi decoder for various constraint lengths using asynchronous modules. The asynchronous designs are based on commonly used Quasi Delay Insensitive (QDI) templates, namely, Precharge Half Buffer (PCHB) and Weak Conditioned Half Buffer (WCHB). The functionality of the proposed asynchronous design is simulated and verified using Tanner Spice (TSPICE) in 0.25 µm, 65 nm, and 180 nm technologies of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacture Company (TSMC). The simulation result illustrates that the asynchronous design techniques have 25.21% of power reduction compared to synchronous design and work at a speed of 475 MHz.
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Tanner, Edwina. "Ocean nourishment sequestering carbon dioxide in the deep ocean." Open Access Government 45, no. 1 (2025): 426–27. https://doi.org/10.56367/oag-045-11852.
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Ocean nourishment sequestering carbon dioxide in the deep ocean Phytoplankton have been essential to life on Earth for over 35 billion years. Through photosynthesis, they consume carbon dioxide on a scale comparable to that of forests and other land plants. Edwina Tanner from the WhaleX Foundation shares insights on this and discusses the potential for plankton-based solutions in marine carbon dioxide removal (mCDR) and ocean nourishment. Great whales act as climate engineers, stimulating productivity by providing nutrients to microscopic phytoplankton, the planet’s real climate giants. Millions of tiny phytoplankton are critical components of the Earth’s system, producing at least 50% of the oxygen we breathe and playing a crucial role in the global carbon cycle. They are the invisible forest that represents around 80% of the biomass in the ocean that is eaten or dies and then sinks as marine snow to sequester gigatonnes of atmospheric carbon dioxide annually. Measurements by satellites show that phytoplankton represent the ‘fast’ carbon cycle that operates on the scale of days to weeks compared to decades or centuries, as do the forests on land. The UN Plankton Manifesto recognizes the heavy lifting that phytoplankton do, outlining the triple planetary crisis - biodiversity, climate, and pollution that plankton-based solutions can address (United Nations, 2024).
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van Soelen, Inge L. C., Rachel M. Brouwer, Jiska S. Peper, et al. "Brain SCALE: Brain Structure and Cognition: an Adolescent Longitudinal Twin Study into the Genetic Etiology of Individual Differences." Twin Research and Human Genetics 15, no. 3 (2012): 453–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2012.4.
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From childhood into adolescence, the child's brain undergoes considerable changes in both structure and function. Twin studies are of great value to explore to what extent genetic and environmental factors explain individual differences in brain development and cognition. In The Netherlands, we initiated a longitudinal study in which twins, their siblings and their parents are assessed at three year intervals. The participants were recruited from The Netherlands Twin Register (NTR) and at baseline consisted of 112 families, with 9-year-old twins and an older sibling. Three years later, 89 families returned for follow-up assessment. Data collection included psychometric IQ tests, a comprehensive neuropsychological testing protocol, and parental and self-ratings of behavioral and emotional problems. Physical maturation was measured through assessment of Tanner stages. Hormonal levels (cortisol, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, testosterone, and estrogens) were assessed in urine and saliva. Brain scans were acquired using 1.5 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), which provided volumetric measures and measures of cortical thickness. Buccal swabs were collected for DNA isolation for future candidate gene and genome-wide analysis studies. This article gives an overview of the study and the main findings. Participants will return for a third assessment when the twins are around 16 years old. Longitudinal twin-sibling studies that map brain development and cognitive function at well-defined ages aid in the understanding of genetic influences on normative brain development.
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Nyhuis, Casandra, Johanna Ell, Susan Calhoun, et al. "0769 Multidimensional Sleep Health in Adolescents from the General Population: Definition, Thresholds and Construct Validity." SLEEP 46, Supplement_1 (2023): A339—A340. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsad077.0769.
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Abstract Introduction The RU-SATED model – regularity, satisfaction, alertness, timing, efficiency, and duration – captures the 24-hour experience of sleep to asses multidimensional sleep health (MSH). However, most prior evidence comes from middle-aged adults. We provide updated MSH data in adolescents by leveraging objective and self-reported sleep measures. Methods We studied 377 adolescents (16.4±2.3 yr; 46.4% female; 21.5% racial/ethnic minority) from the Penn State Child Cohort, a randomly-selected population-based sample. Each MSH domain was categorized as “good” or “poor” using cut-offs informed by prior studies and expert consensus. Good cut-offs, assigned a score of 1, that were derived from actigraphy-measured data included: the standard deviation of sleep midpoint ≤1-h (RU), mean of sleep midpoint 2:00-4:00 (T), mean value of sleep efficiency ≥85% (E), and mean total sleep time ≥7.5-h (D). Good cut-offs derived from self-reported rating scales included the absence of insomnia symptoms (S) or excessive daytime sleepiness (A). Values considered poor based on these cut-offs were assigned a score of 0. Scores were summed across all domains to obtain a composite score ranging from 0 to 6, with higher scores indicating better MSH. Morningness and Tanner staging were self-reported, while Sleep and Arousal clusters scores on the Pediatric Behavior Scale were parent-reported. Results The mean composite score was 3.03 ± 1.30 and domains A and D were most commonly rated as poor (64.5% and 65.3%, respectively). Younger age (r=-0.13, p&lt; 0.05) and identifying as non-Hispanic white (r=-0.14, p&lt; 0.01) were significantly associated with higher MSH scores, while sex (r=-0.04, p=0.40), Tanner staging (r=-0.06, p=0.29) or BMI percentile (r=-0.07, p=0.15) were not. Greater morningness (r=-0.29, p&lt; 0.01), less disturbed sleep (r=-0.28, p&lt; 0.01) and higher arousal (r=-0.21, p&lt; 0.01) scores were associated with higher MSH scores. Conclusion Our data-driven approach can be used to assess MSH in the adolescent population. Our definition captures previously identified health disparities in MSH in adults and shows optimal construct validity against self-reports of circadian preference and parent observations of adolescents’ degree of sleep disturbance and arousal. Improving sleep duration and daytime alertness appear to continue to be the most relevant domains impacting overall MSH in adolescents. Support (if any) NIH (R01HL136587,UL1TR000127)
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Amaro de Sales, Ramon, Evandro Chaves de Oliveira, Marcus José Alves Lima, Eduardo Monteiro Gelcer, Robson Argolo dos Santos, and Cássio Furtado Lima. "AJUSTE DOS COEFICIENTES DAS EQUAÇÕES DE ESTIMATIVA DA EVAPOTRANSPIRAÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIA PARA SÃO MATEUS, ES." IRRIGA 23, no. 1 (2018): 154–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.15809/irriga.2018v23n1p154.
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AJUSTE DOS COEFICIENTES DAS EQUAÇÕES DE ESTIMATIVA DA EVAPOTRANSPIRAÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIA PARA SÃO MATEUS, ES RAMON AMARO DE SALES1; EVANDRO CHAVES DE OLIVEIRA2; MARCUS JOSÉ ALVES LIMA3; EDUARDO MONTEIRO GELCER4; ROBSON ARGOLO DOS SANTOS5 E CÁSSIO FURTADO LIMA2 1Programa de Pós-graduação em Produção Vegetal, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, CEP: 29500-000, Alegre-ES, E-mail: ramonamarodesales@gmail.com;2Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Espírito Santo Campus Itapina, CEP 29709-910, Colatina-ES, E-mail: echoliveira@gmail.com; cassio.engenhariaflorestal@yahoo.com.br;3Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Campus Capitão Poço, CEP 66077-530, Belém-PA, E-mail: marcuslima01@yahoo.com.br;4University of Florida, Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Gainesville, Florida, 32608 - United States. E-mail: egelcer@ufl.edu;5Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, CEP 36570-900, Viçosa-MG, E-mail: argolo.agro@gmail.com. 1 RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi ajustar métodos empíricos para estimativa da evapotranspiração de referência em escala diária para a região de São Mateus, ES, através de dados da estação meteorológica do Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia. Para tanto, foi utilizado uma série histórica de 15 anos (2000 – 2015), sendo que os primeiros 14 anos foram considerados para ajustar os parâmetros e ao ano de 2015 foram atribuídos dados independentes para validação dos ajustes. O método FAO-56 PM foi referência para a avaliação dos demais métodos, dentre eles: Priestley-Taylor, Tanner-Pelton, Turc, Jensen-Haise, Makkink, Camargo, Hamon, Hargreaves e Samani, Linacre e Benevides Lopes. O desempenho dos métodos foi analisado pelo coeficiente de determinação (R2), índice de concordância de Willmott (d), raiz do erro quadrático médio normalizado (RMSEn) e soma do erro absoluto (SEA). Os resultados obtidos mostraram que os métodos que utilizaram a radiação solar como variável preditora foram mais precisos que aqueles que utilizaram somente temperatura e/ou umidade relativa do ar. Os métodos de maior desempenho foram Turc, Jensen e Haise, Priestley e Taylor, Tanner e Pelton e Makkink, os quais apresentaram valores de RMSEn variando entre 3 – 5% e d igual a 0,99, enquanto os demais apresentaram RMSEn de 21 – 29% e d inferior a 0,81, mesmo após o ajuste. Palavras-chave: Penman-Monteith-FAO, irrigação, necessidade hídrica, meteorologia agrícola SALES, R. A.; OLIVEIRA, E. C.; LIMA, M. J. A.; GELCER, E. M.; SANTOS, R. A.; LIMA, C. F.ADJUSTMENT OF COEFFICIENTS OF REFERENCE EVAPOTRASPIRATION ESTIMATE EQUATIONS FOR SÃO MATEUS, ES 2 ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to adjust empirical methods to estimate reference evapotranspiration (ETo) at daily scale for São Mateus, ES region by using weather data from the National Institute of Meteorology. Fifteen years of data (2000 – 2015) were used, with the first 14 years used to adjust parameters and independent data were assigned to the year 2015 to validate the adjustments. The FAO-56 PM method was the reference to evaluate the other ones: Priestley-Taylor, Tanner-Pelton, Turc, Jensen-Haise, Makkink, Camargo, Hamon, Hargreaves the Samani, Linacre the Benevides Lopes. The performance of the methods was analyzed by the coefficient of determination (R2), index of Willmott (d), normalized root mean squared error (RMSEn) and absolute error of the sum (SEA). The results obtained demonstrated that the methods using solar radiation as predictor variable were more accurate than those in which only temperature and/or relative humidity of the air were used. The methods with better performance were Turc, Jensen-Haise, Priestley-Taylor, Tanner-Pelton, and Makkink, which presented values of RMSEn varying between 3 – 5% and d equal to 0.99, while the others presented RMSEn of 21 – 29% and d lower than 0.81, even after adjustment. Keywords: Penman – Monteith - FAO, irrigation, water need, agricultural meteorology
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Talibli, A. A. "Peculiarities of formation of secondary sexual characteristics and menstrual function in girls with hyperandrogenism during puberty." Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction 14, no. 2 (2020): 211–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17749/2313-7347/ob.gyn.rep.2020.112.
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Aim: to study the peculiarities of the formation of secondary sexual characteristics and menstrual function in girls with hyperandrogenism (HA) during puberty.Materials and methods. We examined 137 adolescent girls with HA aged 12–17 years. All examined girls were divided into 3 groups: 12–13 years (Group I, n = 27); 14–15 years (Group II, n = 63); 16–17 years (Group III, n = 47). The intensity of secondary sexual characteristics was determined by Tanner scale; the severity of hirsutism was assessed by Ferriman–Galway scale. The studied parameters were compared with previously published data from 42 girls without HA symptoms with normal indicators of physical and sexual development that were also divided into 3 age groups: 12–13 years (n = 16), 14–15 years (n = 14), 16–17 years (n = 12).Results. Girls with HA in puberty, starting from 14–15 years, had marked reduction of mammary glands and enhancement of axillary and suprapubic hair growth. In 32.8 % of girls with HA menstrual function was normal; in 67.1 % menses disorders and menstrual irregularities were observed that manifested by opsomenorrhea (31.5 %), juvenile bleedings (19.6 %), oligomenorrhea (18.5 %), amenorrhea (16.3 %), algodismenorrhea (14.1 %).Conclusion. HA in puberty, regardless of origin that caused this pathology, is a high risk factor for pathologies of sexual development and the formation of menstrual dysfunction.
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Turchyna, Svitlana, Larisa Nikitina, Olga Varodova, Yuliya Kalmykova, and Sergey Kalmykov. "Functional state of the GH/IGF-1 system in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus." Physical rehabilitation and recreational health technologies 7, no. 4 (2022): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.15391/prrht.2022-7(4).28.
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Purpose: to study the level of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor type 1 (IGF-1) in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) at the stages of puberty. Material & Methods: 165 children (85 girls (51.5%) and 80 boys (48.5%), aged 8 to 18 years old, suffering from DM1 and staying in the endocrinology department of the State Institution "Institute of Health for Children and Adolescents”) of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine" (State Institution "IOZGP NAMS"). The criterion for inclusion in the study was the duration of T1DM for more than one year (from 1 to 16 years). The level of GH and IGF-1 was determined in 165 children 8-18 years old (85 girls and 80 boys) with DM1, taking into account gender, the level of sexual development at the time of the survey, the duration of DM1 and the level of glycemic control. Study participants were divided into groups depending on the level of sexual development (T1-T4) at the time of the study, assessed by the Marshall & Tanner scale (Marshall, & Tanner, 1969; Marshall, & Tanner, 1970); duration of DM1 (<5 years, 5 to 10 years, >10 years); level of glycemic control (optimal (HbA1c<7.5%), suboptimal (7.5%≤HbA1c≤9.0%), high-risk (HbA1c>9.0%) according to ISPAD 2018 recommendations (DiMeglio, et al., 2018) Results: in adolescents with DM1, a physiological type of activation of the GH/IGF-1 system was established with an increase in its activity during the period of puberty proper. Sexual characteristics were determined in the levels of GH and IGF-1 at the stages of puberty. Girls had higher levels of IGF-1 than boys, especially during prepuberty. During prepuberty and puberty proper, GH values were higher in boys, and in late puberty, in girls. It has been established that in girls and boys with an increase in the duration of diabetes, there is an increase in the level of GH and a decrease in IGF-1. The nature of the state of GH/IGF-1 in patients with different experience of DM1 is affected by the level of sexual development at the time of the examination and the sex of adolescents. In boys aged 14-18 years (the period of proper and late puberty), with an increase in the duration of the disease, an increase in the level of GH (pk-w<0.05) and a decrease in IGF-1 (p<0.05) occur. In girls, an increase in GH (pk-w<0.05) and a decrease in IGF-1 (pk-w<0.05) with an increase in the duration of DM1 were recorded only in the group of patients aged 16-18 years (late puberty). The relationship between HbA1c and GH and IGF-1 levels has gender specifics: in the state of decompensation, the guys showed a tendency to decrease in GH, and in girls – to increase GH and IGF-1. Conclusions: the functional state of the GH/IGF-1 system in adolescents with DM1 depends on gender, the level of sexual development, the duration of diabetes and the state of carbohydrate metabolism compensation, which coincides with the data of domestic and foreign studies.
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Cannon, Elaine, and Siobhan Delaney. "117 AusTOMs An Outcome Measure to Determine the Impact of Environmental Adaptations on Functional Performance." Age and Ageing 48, Supplement_3 (2019): iii17—iii65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afz103.67.
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Abstract Background Occupational Therapists routinely perform pre-discharge home assessment visits. The import of a supportive home environment to successful ageing has been established in the literature (Tanner, Tilse & Desleigh de Jonge, 2008), with housing adaptations and aids recognised as a method of promoting independence within the home (Stark et al, 2009). In this hospital, home assessment visits review functional mobility, functional transfers and assess for environmental barriers within the home. The purpose of this study was to detect any change in functional performance following a pre-discharge home assessment visit and implementation of OT recommended aids/railings or both. The AusTOMs (Australian Therapy Outcome Measures) for Occupational Therapy scale was used as the outcome measurement tool. Methods The study was applied to a cohort of 20 consenting inpatients over 65 years of age. Convenience sampling was used for the purposes of the study. Inclusion criteria comprised of patients that attended a minimum of one pre-discharge OT home assessment visit. It was conducted over a ten week period in 2018. The study was conducted by two occupational therapists (OTs) on the general rehabilitation team. The scale was applied to review the following functional transfers within the home environment on initial home assessment visit and following the implementation of OT recommended aids/railings. 1. Access2. Stairs3. Bed4. Toilet5. Bath/Shower6. Seating Results The group Average AusTOMs Resultant score at initial home assessment was 3.05. The group average score following implementation of recommendations was 4.08. This indicates a change in performance from a Moderate Limitation experience to a Mild Limitation experience. This is reflected in Paired T test results. The two-tailed P value is less than 0.0001. Conclusion The AusTOMs Activity Limitation/Transfer scale indicated there is a positive correlation with the provision of OT recommended aids and equipment at improving functional transfer performance within the home context.
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Mantilla, Ronnald, Italo Rosell, Carlos Pedregal, Rafael Revoredo, and Arturo Makino. "Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction with cadaveric graft in Adolescents with Active Growth Cartilage." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 5, no. 1_suppl (2017): 2325967117S0001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967117s00016.
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The immature skeleton ACL reconstruction is controversial, due to the possibility of injuring the physis, producing discrepancies in length and angular deformities. The purpose of this study, is presenting our experience of 11 cases, describing the surgical technique Arthroscopic intra-articular respecting them physis. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to present our surgical technique, control and monitoring in patients with active growth cartilage. Material and Methods: Between 2010 and 2015 treated 11 patients from 12 to 16 years, with a injury of the ACL with active growth cartilage evaluated clinically and radiologically. We use a scale of Tanner, x-ray of wrist and MRI for evaluation. They showed no tibial spine avulsions. The acute injury was inclusive criterion. We indicate Arthroscopic cadaveric graft reconstruction, without passing through the physis. We use rehabilitation protocol, immobilizer and crutches. Tracking through scale IKDC and resonance. Description of the surgical technique: Arthroscopic portals habitual plus supramedial accesory portal, identified the injury of the ACL; using fluoroscopy identified the physis active, put kirschner’s pins as guides without crossing them physis, drilled tunnels, check indemnity of the physis, spent the graft, fixing femoral with endobutton and tibial with biodegradable screw. Results: Of the 11 patients, there were 3 meniscal injuries, only 1 sutured. We didn’t have cartilaginous lesions. One patient presented surface Erythema that solved with antibiotic. Slight pain according to scale of pain. Not instability was present. The 60% had sport return without complications. There were no failures of the graft or comorbidities. They showed no growth disorders. Conclusion: The discussion is in repair without producing complications, considering that the natural evolution will lead to a potential damage. Authors show reports of shortening by perforation of the physis, our series presents one more technique to cosider to not alter bone growth by closing early the physis in addition to avoid instability.
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Konstantynowicz, Jerzy, Halina Kadziela-Olech, Maciej Kaczmarski, et al. "Depression in Anorexia Nervosa: A Risk Factor for Osteoporosis." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 90, no. 9 (2005): 5382–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2005-0026.
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Abstract Context: Both anorexia nervosa (AN) and depression are associated with osteoporosis. We hypothesized that adolescent girls with AN and depression will have lower bone mineral density (BMD) than anorexic girls without depression. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate whether depression is an independent risk factor for osteoporosis in anorexic adolescent girls. Design: This study was cross-sectional. Setting: This study was conducted at the University Children’s Hospital (Bialystok, Poland) from October 2002 through September 2003. Participants: Forty-five Caucasian anorexic girls aged 13–23 yr, matched by age, Tanner stage, weight, height, calcium intake, and duration of AN, were studied, including 14 with comorbid depression (based on Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale) and 31 anorexic girls without depression. Main Outcome Measures: Total body and lumbar spine (LS) BMD, fat mass, and lean mass assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry were compared between AN girls with and without depression. Results: BMD was reduced in both groups, relative to reference data, but girls with AN and depression had lower BMD than those with AN alone (LS Z-scores, −2.6 ± 0.3 vs. −1.7 ± 0.3; P = 0.02) (mean ± sem). Quantitative assessment of depression correlated independently with total body BMD (r = −0.4; P &lt; 0.05) and LS BMD (r = −0.6; P &lt; 0.001). Conclusion: Anorexic girls with depression are at higher risk of osteoporosis than those without depression. The mechanisms responsible for decreased BMD in depression are not known. Independent treatment of the depressive disorder in AN may partly alleviate the bone fragility.
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Paciocco, Helen, Natasha Johnson, and Andrea Hunter. "103 Pediatric resident knowledge and comfort in providing care to transgender youth: A single centre needs assessment." Paediatrics & Child Health 25, Supplement_2 (2020): e43-e43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pch/pxaa068.102.
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Abstract Background Transgender youth experience high rates of health disparities and inequities. There is currently no formal curriculum for transgender health within our centre’s pediatric residency program. This gap in training is similar to other programs across the country. With the drastic rise in trans youth patients seeking care, general pediatricians will be the first point of contact for many. Pediatricians therefore need to be equipped with the proper knowledge and skill to provide care to these patients. Objectives We conducted a needs assessment to assess pediatric residents’ comfort with the health care needs of transgender patients, and to assess knowledge about the medical management of transgender youth. The goal was to identify learning gaps within our centre’s residency program to guide future curriculum. Design/Methods A survey with Likert scale and case-based questions, based on literature review, identified key components of trans care. The study was granted an exemption from ethics review. Results We achieved a 50% response rate (24/58) from pediatric residents, and 50% of these residents were in their senior years (PGY3 and PGY4). All residents felt it was important to have trans specific training during residency. While the majority of senior residents received training during their residency, the total duration was estimated to be ≤ 5 hours. Despite the training received, only 50% [95% CI: 30, 70] of residents felt comfortable asking patients about their gender identity, and only 8% [0, 19] and 33% [14, 52] of residents were comfortable diagnosing gender dysphoria in children and teens, respectively. Most residents felt uncomfortable addressing trans specific health care needs, and 83% [62, 100] of senior residents were uncomfortable counselling patients on available gender affirming pharmacologic agents. Similarly, 92% [77, 100] of senior residents felt uncomfortable prescribing either GnRH analogs or hormonal therapy for trans youth. Lastly, only 58% [30, 86] of senior residents felt comfortable performing Tanner staging in trans patients. Conclusion In order to help narrow the gap in care for trans patients, we need to better educate pediatric residents on trans specific health care. Future curriculum should focus on discussing gender identity, identifying gender dysphoria, performing Tanner staging, and counselling patients on gender affirming pharmacologic therapies. These skills are critical for general pediatricians to adequately provide care to trans youth.
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Venkata, Lakshmi T., and M. Kamaraju. "A novel 1T-1D single ended SRAM cell using FinFET technology for low power applications." i-manager’s Journal on Electronics Engineering 14, no. 3 (2024): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.26634/jele.14.3.20286.
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The increasing demand for high-density Very Large-Scale Integrated (VLSI) circuits, driven by the scaling of CMOS technology, is primarily challenged by the need for uniformity in SRAM cells. Given that most programs frequently seek dependable data, the primary cache and memory caching (MC) component in SRAM tends to be relatively steady. Resolving power and delay imbalances is the main problem with SRAM cells. The issues with CMOS-based SRAM cells include high cost, wide parameter variation, and worse dependability. CMOS devices also experience a loss of channel control by the gate. It is therefore advised to use FinFET-based SRAM cells rather than CMOS. This paper presents a design study of a 1T-1D SRAM cell using FinFET and CMOS technology. Without changing the logic state of the SRAM cell, the objective of this paper is to lessen power leakage. The cell structure's ease of design also contributes to its remarkable affordability and accessibility. A 1T-1D cell with the bare minimum of transistors has a smaller overall area. The suggested 1T-1D SRAM cell is implemented using the Tanner EDA working platform, which uses 7nm FinFET technology. With this study, low power was reached up to 99%, and delay reduction was improved to 98%.
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Atkinson, Sarah, Louise Thurman, Sara Ramaker, et al. "Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of Desvenlafaxine in Children and Adolescents with Major Depressive Disorder: Results from Two Open-Label Extension Trials." CNS Spectrums 24, no. 5 (2018): 496–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852918001128.
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ObjectiveTwo similarly designed extension studies evaluated the long-term safety and tolerability of desvenlafaxine for the treatment of children and adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD). Efficacy was evaluated as a secondary objective.MethodsBoth 6-month, open-label, flexible-dose extension studies enrolled children and adolescents who had completed one of two double-blind, placebo-controlled, lead-in studies. One lead-in study included a 1-week transition period prior to the extension study. Patients received 26-week treatment with flexible-dose desvenlafaxine (20–50 mg/d). Safety assessments included comprehensive psychiatric evaluations, vital sign assessments, laboratory evaluations, 12-lead electrocardiogram, physical examination with Tanner assessment, and Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale. Adverse events (AEs) were collected throughout the studies. Efficacy was assessed using the Children’s Depression Rating Scale–Revised (CDRS-R).ResultsA total of 552 patients enrolled (completion rates: 66.4 and 69.1%). AEs were reported by 79.4 and 79.1% of patients in the two studies; 8.9 and 5.2% discontinued due to AEs. Treatment-emergent suicidal ideation or behavior was reported for 16.6 and 14.1% of patients in the two studies. Mean (SD) CDRS-R total score decreased from 33.83 (11.93) and 30.92 (10.20) at the extension study baseline to 24.31 (7.48) and 24.92 (8.45), respectively, at week 26.ConclusionDesvenlafaxine 20 to 50 mg/d was generally safe and well tolerated with no new safety signals identified in children and adolescents with MDD who received up to 6 months of treatment in these studies. Patients maintained the reduction in severity of depressive symptoms observed in all treatment groups at the end of the lead-in study.
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Goncharova, A. A., E. G. Kornetova, A. N. Kornetov, and A. V. Semke. "Is there constitutional and morphological predisposition to akathisia in schizophrenic patients receiving antipsychotic therapy?" Bulletin of Siberian Medicine 18, no. 4 (2020): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2019-4-36-43.
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Objective: to identify constitutional and morphological predisposition to akathisia in schizophrenic patients receiving antipsychotic therapy.Materials and methods. 250 patients with schizophrenia receiving basic antipsychotic therapy were studied, aged 40 [32; 50] years old; disease duration was 13 [7; 22] years. The age when the schizophrenic process manifested itself was 23 [19; 30] years. Clinical evaluation of akathisia was performed using the Barnes Akathisia Scale (BARS, BAS), so akathisia was detected in 92 (36.8%) patients. All persons included in the study underwent an anthropometric survey according to the Bunak’s method. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica for Windows software (V. 12.0), the odds ratio was estimated using the MedCalc® online calculator.Results. The comparative analysis of the Rees – Eysenk body index and Tanner stages in groups of schizophrenic patients receiving antipsychotic therapy with and without akathisia showed no significant differences between them (p = 0.317 and p = 0.347, respectively). Comparison of groups in the distribution of constitutional and morphological types also revealed no statistical differences (p = 0.189). Patients with the andromorphic type of somatic sexual differentiation increased the risk of antipsychotic-induced akathisia (OR = 1.73; 95% CI: 1.02–2.94; p = 0.039) almost twofold.Conclusion. Attribution of patients to different constitutional and morphological types does not play a role in the development of antipsychotic-induced akathisia, unlike attribution to andromorphic somatic sexual differentiation types, which significantly increases its risk.
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Burkhard-Jagodzinska, Krystyna, Krystyna Nazar, Maria Ladyga, Janina Starczewska-Czapowska, and Lech Borkowski. "Resting Metabolic Rate and Thermogenic Effect of Glucose in Trained and Untrained Girls Age 11-15 Years." International Journal of Sport Nutrition 9, no. 4 (1999): 378–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsn.9.4.378.
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Twelve girls who trained in rowing were examined twice a year for 4 years. Their initial age was 11.7 ± (SD) 0.2 yrs. Control groups consisted of 13 girls age 11.5±0.3 yrs and 18 girls age 14.4±0.3 yrs examined simultaneously with trained girls in the first and last year of the study, respectively. The examination involved basic anthropometry, estimation of sexual maturation (Tanner scale), 2-day food records, measurements of resting metabolic rate, energy expenditure following glucose ingestion (50 g), and determinations of blood glucose and plasma insulin concentrations prior to and 2 hrs after glucose load. Body mass, height, and fat content were slightly greater in trained girls. None of the subjects reported disturbances in menstrual function, and the age of menarche was similar for all. Both trained and untrained girls reported similar daily energy intake closer to the lower limit or slightly below the estimates of energy requirements for adolescents. Resting metabolic rate calculated per kg of total body mass or lean body mass was lower in trained girls, while the thermogenic effect of glucose was greater. Plasma insulin concentrations measured 2 hrs after glucose ingestion were lower in trained girls. The results suggest that in circumpubertal girls, increased physical activity leads to energy conservation at rest in postabsorptive state and a tendency toward enhancement of food-induced thermogenesis.
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Gurd, Brendon, and Panagiota Klentrou. "Physical and pubertal development in young male gymnasts." Journal of Applied Physiology 95, no. 3 (2003): 1011–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00483.2003.
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of intense training on physical growth and sexual maturation in young male gymnasts. Physical development, pubertal development, testosterone levels, energy expenditure, and relative body fat were examined in 21 circumpubertal male gymnasts (13.3 ± 0.3 yr) and 24 age-matched controls (13.5 ± 0.3 yr). Subjects completed a self-assessment of genital and pubic hair development with the use of the Tanner scale. All subjects were measured for height, weight, and salivary testosterone levels (T). The Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents was used to estimate weekly energy expenditure in metabolic equivalents. Percent body fat (%BF) was assessed by using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Developmental stages and T, as well as height and weight, were not different between groups. Energy expenditure was significantly higher ( P ≤ 0.05) and %BF was lower ( P ≤ 0.05) in athletes than in controls, but lean body mass was not significantly different between groups. Energy expenditure was negatively correlated ( P ≤ 0.05) with %BF but not related to T. Developmental stages were strongly ( P ≤ 0.05) related to T but not to energy expenditure or %BF. It is concluded that, although there is a higher energy expenditure accompanying intense training in young male athletes, their body composition is not necessarily affected, and there is no determined effect on their physical and pubertal development.
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Jahnátková, Martina, Henrieta Hlisníková, Ida Petrovičová, and Branislav Kolena. "Exploring the Association Between Sleep Patterns, Pubertal Health, and Phthalate Exposure—Preliminary Results from Slovakia." Toxics 13, no. 4 (2025): 286. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13040286.
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Background: This study aims to explore the association between sleep patterns in children and their exposure to phthalates to assess potential health implications. Methods: Participants (n = 60) completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. Consumer behavior scores (CBS) were calculated. The Tanner scale was used to monitor the stages of puberty. First-morning urine samples were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Results: The average sleep duration was 8 h and 44 min, with boys sleeping significantly longer (p = 0.01). Notably, 51.7% of participants reported sleeping less than 9 h. The nonlinear effects of phthalate metabolite in association with PSQI were observed for hydroxy-mono-isononyl phthalate (OH-MiNP, p = 0.003) and MnOP (p < 0.001), indicating that the relationship does not follow a simple linear pattern. Simple linear regression revealed a significant positive association between the Mono-n-octyl phthalate (MnOP) and PSQI scores (p = 0.016). After adjustment for place of residence, BMI, CBS, sex, and age, the significance of associations between phthalate metabolites and sleep quality diminished, necessitating cautious interpretation. No statistically significant associations between pubertal changes and the value of PSQI as well as phthalates were observed. Conclusion: Our results provide preliminary evidence of potential nonlinear associations that require validation in a larger cohort. The findings highlight the importance of monitoring phthalate exposure in children, as it may influence sleep patterns and overall health.
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Flores Tapia, Nelly Esther, Hannibal Brito Moina, Rodny Peñafiel, and Lander Vinicio Pérez Aldás. "Recycling of collagen from solid tannery waste and prospective utilization as adhesives." F1000Research 13 (October 14, 2024): 1228. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.155450.1.
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Abstract This study explores the innovative potential of recycled collagen derived from tannery waste for use in high-performance adhesive formulations. The leather industry generates significant amounts of solid waste, primarily from chromium-tanned leather, which poses substantial environmental challenges. Recent advancements in recycling techniques have opened new avenues for repurposing this waste, particularly through collagen extraction, which comprises about 30-35% of tannery residues. This research systematically reviews the methods and applications of collagen extraction, highlighting the material’s versatility and environmental benefits when used as a bio-adhesive. The review identifies key challenges such as low water resistance, shear strength, and adhesiveness in collagen-based adhesives compared to synthetic counterparts. However, innovative solutions are emerging, including the incorporation of silane coupling agents and cross-linking technologies that significantly improve the water resistance and mechanical properties of these adhesives. Economic analyses further support the viability of using tannery waste-derived collagen in adhesive production, aligning with global sustainability goals and reducing reliance on petrochemical-based adhesives. Despite these advancements, the transition from laboratory research to commercial applications remains a significant challenge. Current studies primarily focus on small-scale experiments, with limited pilot-scale studies available. Nonetheless, the potential for collagen-based adhesives to replace harmful chemicals in industrial applications is promising, especially in sectors requiring biodegradable and non-toxic materials. This review concludes that while significant progress has been made, further research is necessary to overcome existing limitations and fully realize the commercial potential of collagen-based adhesives derived from tannery waste.
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Harrison, J., M. Wong, and S. McManimen. "Impact of Puberty and Age on Adolescent Inhibition Over Time." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 34, no. 6 (2019): 840. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acz035.08.
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Abstract Objective We measured how puberty impacted inhibition over three years. We hypothesized that age and puberty development would predict inhibition at each time point. Results revealed differential effects of puberty and age over time. Method Participants from Southern Idaho were 245 adolescents at Time 1 (T1) (M = 10.4, SD = 1.5, 50% female, 64% Caucasian), 196 adolescents at Time 2 (T2) (M = 11.8, SD = 1.5, 50% female, 81% Caucasian), and 87 adolescents at Time 3 (T3) (M = 13, SD = 1.5, 56% female, 82% Caucasian). Participants completed a physical exam with a registered nurse, which included the Tanner Scale (Apter & Hermanson, 2002; Tinggaard et. al., 2012) and the Puberty Development Scale (Petersen et al., 1988). Inhibition was assessed using stop-signal reaction time (SSRT) within the Stop-it Task (Logan, Cowan, & Davis, 1984). Results Using structural equation modeling, for T1, the overall model demonstrated a good fit, χ2(3) = 1.23, p = .75, RMSEA = .00, CFI = 1.00, TLI = 1.04. Puberty significantly predicted inhibition (β = -.21, p < .05), i.e., higher puberty scores predicted stronger inhibition. However, age was not a significant predictor. At T2, the model demonstrated a good fit, χ2(7) = 7.77, p = .35, RMSEA = .03, CFI = 1.00, TLI = .99. Age significantly predicted inhibition (β=-.39, p < .001). However, puberty was not a significant predictor. In T3, neither age nor puberty predicted inhibition. Conclusions Our results indicate that early adolescent increases in inhibition may be due to puberty development rather than age. As one ages, puberty has less effect, and chronological age becomes more significant. Finally, in mid-adolescence, neither age nor puberty significantly affects inhibition. These findings highlight the changing effects of age and puberty on inhibitory control across adolescence.
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Dei Giudici, Luca, Roberto Fabbrini, Luca Garro, Serena Arima, Antonio Gigante, and Agostino Tucciarone. "Arthroscopic Transphyseal Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Adolescent Athletes." Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery 24, no. 3 (2016): 307–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1602400307.
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Purpose To evaluate the 5-year outcome of arthroscopic transphyseal anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in 19 adolescent athletes. Methods 14 male and 5 female adolescent athletes aged 12 to 16 (mean, 13.9) years with Tanner stage 2 or 3 open physes underwent arthroscopic transphyseal ACL reconstruction by a single surgeon and were followed up for 5 years. Patients were evaluated using the numerical rating score (NRS) for pain, knee osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS), International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, Tegner Activity Scale, and Lysholm Score, as well as the leg length discrepancy, femorotibial alignment, varus or valgus deformities, active and passive knee range of motion. Results At 5-year follow-up, physes were closed in all patients. The mean NRS for pain improved from 7.2 to 1.6; the KOOS improved from 55.3 to 88; the mean IKDC score improved from 34.5 to 84; the mean Tegner Activity Scale improved from 2.7 to 8.2 and was comparable with that before injury (8.4); and the mean Lysholm score improved from 36.3 to 84.6. All except 2 patients returned to their pre-injury level of sports activity after a mean of 25 weeks. The 2 exceptions had a 2+ Jerk test and a 3+ Lachman test; one of them also had positive signs for a lateral meniscal lesion. Both had sustained a second trauma not long before the 5-year follow-up. Two patients had reduced sensitivity in the anteromedial aspect of the proximal third of the tibia. One patient had leg length discrepancy of +1.5 cm owing to overgrowth response of the physis. Conclusion Transphyseal ACL reconstruction is a viable option for skeletally immature patients, with high reproducibility, a high rate of return to sport, and a low incidence of growth disturbance. Early surgery can prevent the onset of meniscal lesions and early osteoarthritis.
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Hasanli, G. G. "Features of sexual development in girls with general and genital infantilism in the early reproductive period." Ukrainian journal of Perinatology and Pediatrics, no. 1(85) (March 29, 2021): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15574/pp.2021.85.17.
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Purpose — study of the severity of secondary sexual characteristics in girls with general and genital infantilism in the early reproductive period. Materials and methods. 150 girls with general and genital infantilism were examined. All examined girls underwent clinical, functional, hormonal, biochemical, radiological, genetic and laboratory tests. The average age of girls was 19.56±0.13 (17–22) years. The average weight of the examined was within 55.37±1.56 (32–98) kg, height 1.57±0.13 (1.36–1.71) m. The body-mass index was 22.5±0.48 (15–48). The severity of secondary sexual characteristics was assessed according the J. Tanner scale. Results and conclusions. It was found that adolescents with general infantilism (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism) have a significant delay in the development of secondary sexual characteristics against the background of mild hirsutism (р<0.05). In Patients with genital infantilism (hypergonadotropic hypogonadism), significant axillary and suprapubic hair growth at the background of poor development of the mammary glands was noted. Also the moderate degree of hirsutism was confirmed. With normogonadotropic hypogonadism, the development of secondary sexual characteristics corresponds to similar indicators of practically healthy girls. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of these Institutes. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. The authors declare no conflicts of interests. Key words: general infantilism, genital infantilism, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, normogonadotropic hypogonadism, hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, hirsutism.
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Bispo, Michael Douglas Celestino, Marcos Antonio Almeida-Santos, Antonio Carlos Gomes, Márcio Duarte Carvalho Alves, and Estélio Henrique Martins Dantas. "Establishing the validity of “Sports Talent®”: a methodology for motor talent detection in sports." Retos 59 (September 17, 2024): 1140–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v59.102864.
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The objective of the study was to establish the scientific validity of a comprehensive methodology for motor talent detection in sports, named “Sports Talent®”. The methodology was created and validated through the Delphi method, with the participation of expert evaluators with expertise in High Performance Sport (HPS). The proposed structure of the method was submitted to an Expert Evaluator Panel (QPA), initially consisting of 90 participants, of whom 23 remained until the end of the study. The characteristics of the remaining participants were as follows: age = 44.3 ± 10.5 years; period dedicated to work in HPS: = 12.3 ± 10.4 years. The Delphi method involved formulating questions to obtain responses on a Likert scale, conducted over three rounds. Significant improvements in reliability and agreement among the QPA were noted in each round of the Delphi method. In Round 1, out of 95 sent questionnaires, 43 responses were received, yielding a Cronbach's alpha value of α = 0.72 and a 93.0% agreement rate for the tests. By Round 3, of the 25 questionnaires sent, 23 responses were received, achieving a perfect Cronbach's alpha value of α = 1.0 and a 100.0% agreement rate. The high relevance and consistency of tests such as the Sociocultural Contextual Inventory, Biological Maturation by Tanner, Informatized Dermatoglyphics, Epigenetic Anthropometry, and the Motivation Form were evident across all rounds. The order of procedure execution also showed increasing consensus, highlighting the progressive alignment of expert opinions throughout the study. Keywords: Dermatoglyphics; Sexual Characteristics; Athletic Performance; Epigenome; Delphi Technique.
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Grimberg, Adda, Elizabeth Friedrich, Walter Faig, et al. "RF26 | PMON327 Patient and Parent Characteristics Related to Quality of Life and Self-esteem in Healthy Youth Undergoing Provocative GH Testing." Journal of the Endocrine Society 6, Supplement_1 (2022): A644—A645. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvac150.1333.
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Abstract Background Families often seek medical care for a child's short stature due to concerns about how short stature affects psychosocial function in childhood and projected into adulthood. However, height is a poor predictor of psychosocial adjustment, and there is a critical gap in our understanding of how patient and parent characteristics alter the potential impact of being short. Hypothesis We hypothesized that among healthy youth undergoing medical evaluation for short stature, youth quality of life (QoL) and self-esteem would be associated with youth and parental characteristics rather than height. Methods Healthy youth aged 8-14 years who underwent provocative GH testing in our Growth Center and a parent participant each completed surveys at or around the time of testing. Surveys collected demographic data; youth and parent report of youth health-related QoL (PedsQL and Quality of Life in Short Stature Youth [QoLISSY]); youth reports of self-esteem (Self-Perception Profile for Children [SPP]), coping skills (Coping Strategies Inventory), and social support (Social Support Scale for Children); and parent reports of perceived environmental threats (World Out There), goals for their child (Achievement Goals), and autonomy support (Parents As Social Context Questionnaire). Clinical data were extracted from the patients’ electronic health records. Continuous variables were summarized as mean ± SD. Univariate models with Holm-Bonferroni correction of significance level 0.05 assessed the marginal effect of each factor on QoL and self-esteem outcomes. Multivariable linear regression models with stepwise selection approaches were used to identify significant predictors of QoL and self-esteem. Results Participants included 60 youth (15 female/45 male; age 11.77 ± 1.93 years; 50% prepubertal, 37% Tanner 2, 13% Tanner 3; height Z-score -2.18 ± 0.61) and their parents (55 female/5 male; age 45.65 ± 7.25 years). In multivariable regression, the youth PedsQL physical domain was associated positively with grade in school and perceived friend support. The youth PedsQL psychosocial domain was associated positively with perceived support from classmates and friends, but negatively with disengaged coping. The youth QoLISSY total score was associated positively with perceived support from classmates. Youth's global self-esteem (SPP) was associated positively with perceived classmate support and mid-parental height Z-score. Parent report of youth psychosocial QoL (PedsQL) was associated positively with perceived classmate support. None of the other analogous parent assessment outcomes were associated with the QoL or self-esteem outcomes. Neither youth height nor height Z-score was associated with any of the QoL or self-esteem outcomes. Conclusions Perceived social support and coping skills were associated with QoL and self-esteem in healthy short youth, whereas youth height was not, and constitute an important potential area of clinical intervention. Presentation: Monday, June 13, 2022 12:30 p.m. - 2:30 p.m., Monday, June 13, 2022 1:12 p.m. - 1:17 p.m.
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del Pino, Mariana, Virginia Fano, and Paula Adamo. "Growth velocity and biological variables during puberty in achondroplasia." Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism 31, no. 4 (2018): 421–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jpem-2017-0471.
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AbstractBackground:Achondroplasia is the most common form of inherited disproportionate short stature. Cross-sectional design studies of height show that, during childhood, height standard deviation scores (SDS) declines steadily and reaches a mean adult height at −6.42 and −6.72 SDS. However, there is a lack of knowledge about longitudinal growth and biological variables during puberty for children with achondroplasia. Here we report the growth velocity and biological parameters during puberty in children with achondroplasia.Methods:The study was an observational, cohort study. A total of 23 patients, 15 girls and eight boys with achondroplasia, who reached adult size were included. Growth data was collected from mid-childhood until final height by the same trained observer. Individual growth curves were estimated by fitting the Preece-Baines model 1 (PB1) to each individual’s height for age data. Pubertal development was scored on Tanner scale on each visit.Results:In boys with achondroplasia the mean adult height was 129.18 cm. Age and velocity at peak velocity in puberty were 13.89 years and 4.86 cm/year, respectively. The adolescent gain was 20.40 cm. Mean age at genital development 2 and 5 were 12.16 (0.60) and 14.97 (0.88), respectively. In girls the mean adult height was 118.67 cm. Age and velocity at peak velocity in puberty were 11.45 years and 4.40 cm/year, respectively. The adolescent gain was 19.35 cm. Mean age at breast 2 and 4 were 10.20 (1.24) and 12.49 (1.07), respectively.Conclusions:Children with achondroplasia experienced an adolescent growth spurt, which was similar in shape and half the magnitude of the non-achondroplasia population.
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Radziwiłłowicz, Wioletta, Paulina Hrycyk, and Beata Dutczak. "The impact of accepting biological changes during adolescence on the severity of depression symptoms." Polish Psychological Bulletin 47, no. 4 (2016): 394–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ppb-2016-0046.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract: The aim of the study was to establish whether any relation exists between depression symptoms and the extent to which adolescents accept the changes their bodies undergo (the physical changes they experience at different stages of growing up), and if the connection does exist - is it gender-related. Method: Data were collected from four sub-groups: younger girls (aged 12-13), older girls (aged 17-18), younger boys (aged 12-13), and older boys (aged 17-18). The participants were asked to complete questionnaires that allow to measure the subjective intensity of depression symptoms (BDI), the current stage of biological changes (the Tanner scale) and whether these changes are accepted by the individual who experiences them (the original Feelings Towards the Body questionnaire). Results: The less adolescents accept the changes in their bodies, the higher depression symptoms they demonstrate. For younger girls, older girls and older boys, no links were established between levels of accepting bodily changes and early/late maturation (in comparison with the population of their peers). For younger boys, the later the stage of their development, the less likely they are to accept the changes in their bodies. Girls report more intense depression symptoms than boys do, but their levels of accepting changes that occur around puberty are significantly lower only when compared to those of older boys. Conclusions: Whether biological changes during puberty (mainly feelings of anxiety and shame related to the body) are accepted or not, was proven to be a significant predictor of more intense depression symptoms.