Academic literature on the topic 'Tannine'

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Journal articles on the topic "Tannine"

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NAKABAYASHI, Toshio. "Chemistry of tannine in tropical crops." NIPPON SHOKUHIN KOGYO GAKKAISHI 35, no. 11 (1988): 790–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.3136/nskkk1962.35.11_790.

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Makkar, H. P. S., M. Blümmel, and K. Becker. "Formation of complexes between polyvinyl pyrrolidones or polyethylene glycols and tannins, and their implication in gas production and true digestibility in in vitro techniques." British Journal of Nutrition 73, no. 6 (June 1995): 897–913. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19950095.

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Various tannin-complexing agentsw have been used to study the potential adverse effects of tannis on rumen metabolism. Using a method based on turbidity formation, the binding of various tannin-complexing agents (polyvinyl polypyrrolidone (PVPP), polyethylene glycol (PEG) of molecular weights 2000 to 35000, and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) of molecular weight 10000, 40000 and 360000) to tannins (tannic acid, purified tannins from quebracho (Aspidosperma quebracho) and leaves of trees and shrubs (Acioa barteri, Dichostachys cinerea, Guiera senegalensis, Piliostigma reticulatum)) was investigated at different pH values. The binding of all the tannins with PVPP was highest at pH 3–4 and lowest at pH 7. For all the pH range (3–7) studied, the binding of PEG was higher than that of PVP. For all the tannins except tannic acid, the binding to PVP was the same from pH 4·7 to 7. Similar results were observed for the PEG of molecular weight 6000 or higher for all the tannins except quebracho tannins for which the binding increased as the pH increased from 3 to 7. The binding with PEG 2000 decreased to a greater extent as the pH reached near neutral and for PEG 4000 this decrease was slightly lower. Addition of these tannin-complexing agents to the in vitro gas system resulted in higher gas production from tannin-rich feeds (increase varied from 0 to 135%). The PEG were the most effective followed by PVP and PVPP. The PEG 35000 was least effective. The efficiency of other PEG was similar. The PEG 6000 was preferred to PEG 2000 or 4000 as its binding to tannins was higher at near neutral pH values. The gas production increased with an increase in the amount of PEG 6000 up to 0·6 g/40 ml rumen-fluid-containing medium containing 0·5 g tannin-rich feed, beyond which no increase was observed. The percentage increase in gas value at 24 h fermentation correlated significantly with tannin values, the highest correlation (r 0·95) being with protein precipitation capacity of tannins. The increase in gas production was associated with higher production of short-chain fatty acids with little change in their molar proportions, suggesting an increase in organic matter digestibility by inclusion of the PEG in tannin-rich feeds. However, apparent and true digestibilities were lower on addition of the PEG, due to the presence of PEG-tannin complexes in the residues. The use of this bioassay (percentage increase in gas production in the presence of PEG 6000) along with other tannin assays would provide a better insight into the nutritional significance of tannins.
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Zhang, Lin-Lin, Jie Li, Yi-Lin Wang, Song Liu, Zhi-Peng Wang, and Xin-Jun Yu. "Integrated Approaches to Reveal Genes Crucial for Tannin Degradation in Aureobasidium melanogenum T9." Biomolecules 9, no. 9 (September 2, 2019): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom9090439.

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Tannins biodegradation by a microorganism is one of the most efficient ways to produce bioproducts of high value. However, the mechanism of tannins biodegradation by yeast has been little explored. In this study, Aureobasidium melanogenum T9 isolated from red wine starter showed the ability for tannins degradation and had its highest biomass when the initial tannic acid concentration was 20 g/L. Furthermore, the genes involved in the tannin degradation process were analyzed. Genes tan A, tan B and tan C encoding three different tannases respectively were identified in the A. melanogenum T9. Among these genes, tan A and tan B can be induced by tannin acid simultaneously at both gene transcription and protein expression levels. Our assay result showed that the deletion of tanA and tanB resulted in tannase activity decline with 51.3 ± 4.1 and 64.1 ± 1.9 U/mL, respectively, which is much lower than that of A. melanogenum T9 with 91.3 ± 5.8 U/mL. In addition, another gene coding gallic acid decarboxylase (gad) was knocked out to better clarify its function. Mutant Δgad completely lost gallic acid decarboxylase activity and no pyrogallic acid was seen during the entire cultivation process, confirming that there was a sole gene encoding decarboxylase in the A. melanogenum T9. These results demonstrated that tanA, tanB and gad were crucial for tannin degradation and provided new insights for the mechanism of tannins biodegradation by yeast. This finding showed that A. melanogenum has potential in the production of tannase and metabolites, such as gall acid and pyrogallol.
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Bobrov, Anatoly, Vasiliy D. Kravchenko, and Günter C. Müller. "Tannin-degrading bacteria with cellulase activity isolated from the cecum of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau zokor (Myospalax baileyi)." Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution 61, no. 1 (May 5, 2015): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15659801.2015.1016863.

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Tannins, which are polyphenols present in various plants, have anti-nutritional activity; however, their negative effects are mitigated by the presence of tannin-degrading microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract of animals. This has never been investigated in the plateau zokor (Myospalax baileyi) – the predominant small herbivore in the alpine meadow ecosystem of Qinghai Province, China – which consumes tannin-rich herbaceous plants. Tannase activity in the feces of the plateau zokor increased from June to August corresponding to the increase in hydrolyzable tannin concentrations in plants during this period, and three tannin-degrading facultative anaerobic strains (designated as E1, E2, and E3) were isolated from the cecum of these animals. Sequencing of the 16S rDNA gene identified isolates of strain E1 as belonging to the genusEnterococcus, and E2 and E3 to the genusBacillus. All of the bacteria had cellulose-degrading capacity. This study provides the first evidence of symbiotic bacterial strains that degrade tannic acid and cellulose in the cecum of plateau zokor.
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Okum, J., E. Roffael, and B. Dix. "Eigenschaften von Spanplatten, hergestellt mnit natürlichen Polyphenolen (Tannine, technische Lignine) als Bindemittel." Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff 56, no. 3 (May 1998): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001070050297.

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Lima, Juliana Silva de, Roberta Cruz, Julyanna Cordoville Fonseca, Erika Valente de Medeiros, Marília de Holanda Cavalcanti Maciel, Keila Aparecida Moreira, and Cristina Maria de Souza Motta. "Production, Characterization of Tannase fromPenicillium montanenseURM 6286 under SSF Using Agroindustrial Wastes, and Application in the Clarification of Grape Juice (Vitis viniferaL.)." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/182025.

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Tannase is an enzyme that hydrolyzes esters and lateral bonds of tannins, such as tannic acid, releasing glucose and gallic acid and stands out in the clarification of wines and juices. Fungi of the generaAspergillusandPenicilliumare excellent producers of this enzyme. The search for fungi that produce high levels of tannase as well as new substrates for the enzyme production by the SSF is required. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the production of tannase byAspergillusandPenicilliumspecies through SSF using leaves and agroindustrial waste barbados cherry and mangaba fruit as substrate, select the best producer, optimize production, characterize the crude enzyme extract, and apply it the clarification of grape juice. Selecting the best producer was performed by planning Placket-Burman and RSM.P. montanenseshowed highest activity with 41.64 U/mL after 72 h of fermentation residue using barbados cherry, with 3.5% tannic acid and 70% moisture. The enzyme showed the highest activity at pH 9.0 and 50°C. The tannase ofP. montanensewas stable over a wide pH range and temperature and, when applied to grape juice, showed higher efficiency by reducing 46% of the tannin content after incubation 120 m.
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Yan, Q., and A. Bennick. "Identification of histatins as tannin-binding proteins in human saliva." Biochemical Journal 311, no. 1 (October 1, 1995): 341–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3110341.

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Tannins have a number of detrimental biological effects and these include interference with normal growth and metabolism if they are present in the feed of various animals. Proline-rich proteins (PRPs) in saliva have been shown to provide protection against tannin, but little is known about the mechanism of protection and interaction of other salivary proteins with tannin. To identify tannin-binding human salivary proteins, parotid and submandibular/sublingual saliva samples were adsorbed with tannin. PRPs, and in particular a group of low-M(r) proteins, were readily precipitated by tannin. The low-M(r) proteins were purified from parotid saliva and demonstrated to be histatins, a family of well-characterized histidine-rich salivary proteins. The ability of synthetic histatin 5, as well as an acidic PRP (PRP-1) and gelatin to precipitate quebracho condensed tannin and tannic acid was determined. At pH 7.4 histatin 5 was the most effective precipitant of both condensed tannin and tannic acid and it also precipitated the largest amount of condensed tannin at pH 3.0, but the smallest amount of tannic acid at that pH. In contrast PRP-1 showed a greater ability to precipitate both condensed tannin and tannic acid at pH 3.0 than at pH 7.4. Under most circumstances histatin 5 was therefore more effective in precipitating tannins than proteins with high proline content which generally have been recognized as strong precipitants of tannin. Pre-incubation of tannic acid with alpha-amylase inhibited the enzyme, but addition of histatin 5 or the acidic PRP PIF-s protected amylase from inhibition by tannin. Similarly salivary proteins may protect other biological activities in the digestive tract from inhibition by dietary tannin.
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Lamy, E., E. S. Baptista, A. V. Coelho, and F. Capela e. Silva. "Morphological alterations in salivary glands of mice (Mus musculus) submitted to tannin enriched diets: comparison with sialotrophic effects of sympathetic agonists stimulation." Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 62, no. 4 (August 2010): 837–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-09352010000400012.

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In order to study the effects of tannins at histomorphological level, mice were either fed with three structurally different types of tannins (tannic acid, chestnut, and quebracho) or treated with isoproterenol, during 10 days. Acini of parotid and submandibular glands increased significantly, being the increase higher for parotid compared to submandibular glands, and higher in the quebracho compared with the other tannin groups. Sublingual acinar size also increased after tannin consumption, by opposition to isoproterenol-treated animals. The results present evidences that the effects produced by tannins are dependent on their structure.
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Hernández, Mario Cruz, Juan Carlos Contreras Esquivel, Faustino Lara, Raúl Rodríguez, and Cristóbal N. Aguilar. "Isolation and Evaluation of Tannin-degrading Fungal Strains from the Mexican Desert." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 60, no. 11-12 (December 1, 2005): 844–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2005-11-1205.

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Eleven fungal strains (4 Penicillium commune, 2 Aspergillus niger, 2 Aspergillus rugulosa, Aspergillus terricola, Aspergillus ornatus and Aspergillus fumigatus) were isolated, characterized morphologically and by their capacity to degrade tannins. Aspergillus niger Aa-20 was used as control strain. Several concentrations of hydrolysable tannin (tannic acid) were used as sole carbon source. All strains were able to degrade hydrolysable tannins. Aspergillus niger GH1 and PSH showed the highest tannin-degrading capacity (67 and 70%, respectively). Also, the fungal capacity to degrade condensed tannin (catechin) was tested. Aspergillus niger PSH and Penicillium commune EH2 degraded 79.33% and 76.35% of catechin. The results demonstrated the capacity of fungi to use hydrolysable and condensed tannins as carbon source.
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Ramírez-Coronel, M. Ascención, Gustavo Viniegra-González, Alan Darvill, and Christopher Augur. "A novel tannase from Aspergillus niger with β-glucosidase activity." Microbiology 149, no. 10 (October 1, 2003): 2941–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.26346-0.

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An extracellular tannase was produced from solid-state cultures of Aspergillus niger. The enzyme was purified to homogeneity from the cell-free culture broth by preparative isoelectric focusing and by FPLC using anion-exchange and gel-filtration chromatography. SDS-PAGE analysis as well as gel localization studies of purified tannase indicated the presence of two enzyme forms, with molecular masses of 90 kDa and 180 kDa. The tannase had an isoelectric point of 3·8, a temperature optimum of 60–70 °C and a pH optimum of 6·0. The substrate specificity of the tannase was determined by HPLC analysis of tannin substrates and products. The enzyme was able to remove gallic acid from both condensed and hydrolysable tannins. Internal sequences were obtained from each of the gel-purified and trypsin-digested tannase forms. The peptide sequences obtained from both forms were identical to sequences within a β-glucosidase from Aspergillus kawachii. The purified tannase was tested for β-glucosidase activity and was shown to hydrolyse cellobiose efficiently. However, no β-glucosidase activity was detected when the enzyme was assayed in the presence of tannic acid.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Tannine"

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Kehl, Torsten. "Sequenzierung und Klonierung von 1,2,3,6-Tetra-O-Galloylglucose-4-O-Galloyltransferase, des Schlüsselenzyms in der Biosynthese hydrolysierbarer Tannine." [S.l. : s.n.], 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:289-vts-61001.

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Saul, Nadine. "Tannine als potente Modulatoren der Lebensdauer und Stressresistenz in C. elegans." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16306.

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Tannine sind pflanzliche, polyphenolische Sekundärmetabolite mit Protein-präzipitierenden und –bindenden Kapazitäten, welche offenbar für die antinutritiven und gesundheitsschädlichen Wirkungen der Tannine verantwortlich sind. Jedoch dominieren in der Literatur die gesundheitsfördernden Beschreibungen, für die meist die antioxidative Kapazität verantwortlich gemacht wurde. Der etablierte Modelorganismus Caenorhabditis elegans wurde zur Analyse dieses Kontrastes ausgewählt. Zunächst wurden Lebensdauer und Stressresistenz der mit Tanninsäure und den Tanninbausteinen Gallussäure, Ellagsäure und Catechin behandelten Nematoden ermittelt. Das vermutete Vorliegen eines „Calorie Restriction“ (CR)-Effektes als auch einer hormetischen Dosis-Wirkungs-Beziehung wurde überprüft. Weiterhin wurden antimikrobielle und antioxidative Eigenschaften als potentielle Ursachen der Langlebigkeit untersucht und die Auswirkungen auf die Fitness und Genexpression analysiert. Die Einbeziehung verschiedener Alterungs-Theorien rundete die Analyse der Tanninwirkung ab. Alle Tannin-Substanzen konnten eine Lebensverlängerung erwirken, doch erstaunlicherweise erwiesen sich Langlebigkeit und Stressresistenz als individuelle, nicht zwangsläufig gekoppelte Parameter. Hormesis, CR-nachahmende Eigenschaften, antimikrobielle Kapazitäten als auch verschiedene stressrelevante Gene sind teilweise für die Lebensverlängerung verantwortlich. Die antioxidative Kapazität scheint jedoch irrelevant zu sein. Die differentielle Expression mehrerer hundert Gene durch Tanninsäure unterstreicht zudem die Komplexität der Wirkweise. Hinweise zur Bestätigung der „Disposable Soma Theory“, der „Mitohormesis“-Theorie und der „Green Theory of Ageing“ konnten zum Teil gefunden werden. Diese Arbeit zeigt die individuelle und kontrastreiche Wirksamkeit der Tannine auf. Sie unterstreicht, dass Tannine molekulare Regulatoren sind, welche nicht nur auf ihre antioxidative und antinutritive Kapazität reduziert werden sollten.
The polyphenolic tannins are plant-produced secondary metabolites with protein precipitating and binding capacities. This characteristic is seemingly responsible for antinutritional and harmful effects. However, health benefits have also been extensively described in the literature. Indeed, antioxidant properties are believed to be the reason for these beneficial effects. The established model organism Caenorhabditis elegans was chosen to examine this apparent contradiction. The nematodes were exposed to tannic acid and to the tannin building blocks gallic acid, ellagic acid, and catechin and the lifespan and stress resistance were determined. The presence of a calorie restriction (CR) effect and a hormetic dose-response-relationship was verified. Furthermore, antimicrobial and antioxidative capacities were assessed as possible causes of longevity and the impact on fitness parameters and gene expressions was analysed. The consideration of different ageing theories completed the analysis of the tannin action. All tannin-substances were able to prolong the lifespan but against all expectations, longevity and stress resistance were shown to be independent entities, which are not necessarily linked. Hormesis, CR-mimetic properties, antimicrobial capacities as well as several stress relevant genes are partly responsible for the life-extension. The antioxidant capacities, however, appeared to be irrelevant. The regulation of several hundred gene expressions by tannic acid underlined the complexity of the mode of action. Furthermore, the results partly confirm the “Disposable Soma Theory”, the “Mitohormesis Theory” and the “Green Theory of Ageing”. This work dissects the contrasting efficiency of the tannin family and underlines in particular, that tannins are molecular regulators, which should not be reduced to their antioxidative and antinutritional capacities
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Getachew, Girma. "Tannins in tropical multipurpose tree species : localisation and quantification of tannins using histochemical approaches and the effect of tannins on in vitro rumen fermentation /." Stuttgart : Ulrich E. Grauer, 1999. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=009095947&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Berthold, Thomas [Verfasser], and Markus [Akademischer Betreuer] Antonietti. "Tannine für nachhaltige und funktionale Kohlenstoffmaterialien : Synthesestrategien und mögliche Anwendungen / Thomas Berthold ; Betreuer: Markus Antonietti." Potsdam : Universität Potsdam, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1219077682/34.

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Kraft, Redelf. "Zur chemisch-technologischen Verwertung von gebrauchten Holzwerkstoffen und Holzrinden." Göttingen Cuvillier, 2006. http://d-nb.info/987235877/04.

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Hüster, Hans Georg. "Beiträge zum Recycling von harnstofformaldehydharzgebundenen Holzspanplatten unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Einsatzes von Tanninen /." Aachen : Shaker, 2000. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=008939605&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Wamatu, Jane N. Ambuku. "Effects of condensed and hydrolysable tannins on polypeptide degradation of various protein sources and microbial protease activity in vitro." Beuren Stuttgart Grauer, 2007. http://d-nb.info/989951545/04.

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König, Björn. "Untersuchungen zur stofflichen Verwendung von extrahierter Fichtenrinde." Göttingen Cuvillier, 2007. http://d-nb.info/989139670/04.

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Garnier, Sandrine. "Rhéologie des tannins polyflavanoi͏̈des industriels et des adhésifs tannin-aldéhyde." Nancy 1, 2002. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2002_0028_GARNIER.pdf.

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Les modules dynamiques de solutions aqueuses d'extraits de tannins polyflavanoi͏̈des commerciaux : mimosa, pin, pécan et quebracho ont été mesurés par rhéométrie en fonction de l'amplitude de déformation et de la fréquence. La gélification et le durcissement des tannins avec le formaldéhyde ont été étudiés par rhéologie. De nouvelles méthodes de calcul ont permis de déterminer les propriétés rhéologiques de la polycondensation tannin-formaldéhyde : point de gel, énergie d'activation, degré de conversion, cinétique et d'analyser les effets de la température, la concentration en durcisseur et la nature du tannin. Les diagrammes TTT et CHT des adhésifs à base de tannins ont été construits pour différents pH et concentrations de formaldéhyde en suivant par analyse thermomécanique le durcissement de la résine in-situ un joint de colle. Des équations corrélant la force de cohésion interne des panneaux de particules à la déflexion minimale mesurée par TMA sur un joint de colle ont été établies
Commercial mimosa, quebracho, pine and pecan polyflavonoid tannin extracts water solutions of various concentrations were examined by rheometry, measuring dynamic moduli as a function of strain amplitude and frequency. Gelling and hardening reactions of tannin extracts with formaldehyde were studied by rheometry. Methods to determine rheological characteristics of tannin-formaldehyde polycondensation reactions before and after gel point were developed. Effect of temperature, influence of hardener concentration and tannin nature on gel point, activation energy, degree of conversion and kinetic were investigated. TTT and CHT curing diagrams of tannin-based adhesives were built for various pH and formaldehyde concentrations, using thermomechanical analysis to follow the hardening of the resin in-situ a wood joint. Regression equations relating the internal bond strength of a particleboard with the inverse of the minimum deflection measured by TMA during cure of a wood joint were obtained
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König, Björn. "Untersuchungen zur stofflichen Verwendung von extrahierter Fichtenrinde /." Göttingen : Cuvillier, 2008. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=016606063&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Books on the topic "Tannine"

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Rao, V. S. Sundara. Vegetable and synthetic tanning materials. Madras: Indian Leather, 1991.

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Baillon, Elisabeth. La peau: Métamorphoses d'une matière touchante. Rodez: Editions du Rouergue, 1993.

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Tanning, Dorothea. Dorothea Tanning. New York: G. Braziller, 1995.

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Canada. Industry, Science and Technology Canada. Leather tanning. Ottawa, Ont: Industry, Science and Technology Canada, 1988.

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Tanning, Dorothea. Dorothea Tanning. [Malmö, Sweden]: Malmö konsthall, 1993.

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Canada, Industry Science and Technology Canada. Leather tanning. Ottawa, Ont: Industry, Science and Technology Canada, 1991.

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Colorado. Dept. of Regulatory Agencies. Sunrise review: Tanning facilities. [Denver, Colo.]: The Dept., 1991.

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Petridis, Georgios K. Tannins: Types, foods containing, and nutrition. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2010.

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Prądzyński, Włodzimierz. Modyfikacja garbnikowego ekstraktu dębowego. Poznań: Wydawn. Akademii Rolniczej w Poznaniu, 1986.

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Aziz, Khan Abdul. Availability & scope of natural tannins in Pakistan. S.l: s.n., 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Tannine"

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Campos-Vega, Rocio, B. Dave Oomah, Angélica María Hernández-Arriaga, Norma Julieta Salazar-López, and Kenia Vázquez-Sánchez. "Tannins." In Phenolic Compounds in Food, 211–58. Boca Raton : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2018.: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315120157-13.

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Seigler, David S. "Tannins." In Plant Secondary Metabolism, 193–214. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4913-0_12.

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O’Hara, James E., Igor UsUpensky, N. J. Bostanian, John L. Capinera, Reg Chapman, Carl S. Barfield, Marilyn E. Swisher, et al. "Tanning." In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 3691. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_2354.

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Makkar, Harinder P. S., P. Siddhuraju, and Klaus Becker. "Tannins." In Plant Secondary Metabolites, 67–81. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-425-4_13.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Tannin." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 545. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_10329.

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Neelabh. "Tannin." In Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior, 1–2. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_363-1.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Tannin." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 730. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_11555.

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Shah, Avnee, Samantha Smith, Carolyn J. Heckman, and Steven R. Feldman. "Tanning Dependence: Is Tanning an Addiction?" In Shedding Light on Indoor Tanning, 107–20. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2048-0_7.

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Pagoto, Sherry. "Sunless Tanning." In Shedding Light on Indoor Tanning, 165–78. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2048-0_11.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "tanning lotion." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 545. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_10330.

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Conference papers on the topic "Tannine"

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Gaidau, Carmen, Maria Stanca, Demetra Simion, Olga Niculescu, Cosmin-Andrei Alexe, Concepcio Casas, Anna Bacardit, Stoica Tonea, and Gabriela Paun. "Olipo-wet olive pomace, a new renewable source for leather retanning." In The 8th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Systems. INCDTP - Leather and Footwear Research Institute (ICPI), Bucharest, Romania, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24264/icams-2020.ii.10.

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The aim of OLIPO project is to find suitable extraction methods for an important waste of olive oil production, wet olive pomace, in view of reclaiming it as tanning and retanning material, alternative to petroleum origin materials. The total volume of wet olive pomace in Mediterranean countries where olive crops are traditional is about 80% of processed olives and is the result of a two-phase continuous extraction process. Wet olive pomace is rich in polyphenolic compounds, fats, tannins, non-tannins, possible to be extracted, concentrated, chemical processed in view of developing a new tanning product. The use of new renewable materials from oil industry as biobased tanning material for leather industry represents an important step in lowering carbon footprint of both sectors and complies with circular economy principles. The antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of olive oil pomace can be exploited in view of increasing the efficiency of the new product. The paper presents the characterisation of four kinds of wet olive pomace wastes, water and water-organic solvent extracts as tanning materials in order to select the methods for a new tanning material elaboration and testing on leathers in retanning processes.
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Griyanitasari, Gresy, Emiliana Kasmudjiastuti, Ragil Yuliatmo, and Mohammad Zainal Abidin. "Evaluation of combination tanning and natural finishing on sheep leather with Uncaria Gambir Roxb extract." In The 8th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Systems. INCDTP - Leather and Footwear Research Institute (ICPI), Bucharest, Romania, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24264/icams-2020.ii.11.

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The discovery of natural local resources for tanning and coloring agents are growing dramatically to sustain a cleaner leather manufacturing technology. Gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb) has been found potential as tannin and dyestuffs for leather and textile industry. Therefore, to explore these issues, a combination tanning and finishing system were evaluated to observe the efficiency of this extract on leather processing. A combination tanning system based on chrome or glutaraldehyde – gambir and followed by gambir as coloring agent with different concentrations (100 - 200 parts/L) have been applied. In this FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) analysis of gambir extract showed the presence of phenolic hydroxyl group. Our results revealed that chrome - gambir and glutaraldehyde - gambir finished leather product with 150 parts/L of gambir extract showed excellent rub fastness, color fastness to perspiration and washing. Most of the result values obtained were generally at satisfactory levels which were between 3/4 and 5 fastness values. Visual evaluation reported that chrome-gambir finished leather product with 150 parts/L of gambir extract exhibited better uniformity of colour fastness.
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Escolar, G., J. Monteagudo, N. Villamor, M. Garrido, and R. Castillo. "A MORPHOLOGICAL APPROACH TO THE MECHANISMS OF RISTOCETIN INDUCED PLATELET AGGLUTINATION(RIPA)." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643535.

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Changes in the morphology of human platelets induced by Ristocetin (RIPA) have been analyzed at ultraestructural level by means of a tannine acid procedure. Studies were completed with aggregation and binding experiments. Modificationsof these tests induced by apyrase,a monoclonal antibody (Mab) to GPIIb/IIIa and EDTA were also investigated.Transmission electron microscopy reveals that ristocetin precipitates adhesive proteins on plateletmembrane. An electron-dense deposit was noticeable within 20 secondsafter ristocetin was added. When experiments were carried out in theaggregometer cuvette under stirring, groups of platelets become activated, change shape, and finally aggregate releasing part of their content. The morphology of aggregates did not differ from those formed in the presence of ADP.Aggregation studies demonstrated that a Mab to GPIIb/IIIa modifies the extent and the rate of the aggregation curve when RIPA was performed in citrated platelet rich plasma (c-PRP). Apyrase modified the extent but not the slope of the curve. Neither the antibody nor apyrase modified RIPA when it was performed in PRP obtained in presence of EDTA. Binding experiments confirmed that I-vWF bound to platelets in presence of ristocetin was not modified by apyrase or anti-GPIIb/IIIa Mab. All these facts together suggest that RIPA,when performed in c-PRP besides reflecting the interaction of GPI with vWF, is also testing other mechanisms of the platelet function including exposure of GPIIb/IIIa complex, interaction of fibrinogen with this glycoprotein, and the contribution of the release reaction.
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Sendrea, Claudiu, Maria-Cristina Micu, Emanuel Hadimbu, Simona Maria Paunescu, Iulia Maria Caniola, Madalina Ignat, Lucretia Miu, and Elena Badea. "Micro DSC and NMR MOUSE studies of collagen–vegetable tannin interaction mechanism during leather making." In The 8th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Systems. INCDTP - Leather and Footwear Research Institute (ICPI), Bucharest, Romania, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24264/icams-2020.v.13.

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In this study NMR MOUSE and micro DSC techniques were used to investigate the interaction between collagen and various vegetable tannins during leather making process with the aim of gaining a deeper understanding of different water environment in relation to tannin type. We have previously showed that relaxation times may provide useful information on collagen matrix properties. The vegetable tanned leathers were obtained by patented techniques inspired from ancient recipes at the National R&D Institute for Textile and Leather, ICPI Division, Bucharest using various vegetable extracts such as myrobalan, gambier and chestnut. Longitudinal and transversal relaxation times T1 and T2eff were measured using a PM2 portable NMR-MOUSE with 20.05 MHz frequency. Micro DSC measurements were carried out with a high-sensitivity SETARAM Micro-DSC III in the temperature range (5 to 95) °C at 0.5 K min-1 heating rate. The investigated leathers showed significant differences in the values of spin-spin (T2eff) and spin-lattice (T1) relaxation times depending on tannin type that well corelates with the variation of the calorimetric parameters (denaturation temperature and enthalpy, peak shape). These results highlight the complementarity of the information obtained by the two techniques and open new ways for both designing new leather assortments and analyses of historical and archaeological leather.
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Saha, S., L. Hauta, T. Karskela, and JP Salminen. "Marker tannins of the hydrolysable tannin biosynthetic pathway can be detected rapidly and selectively by tandem mass spectrometry." In GA 2017 – Book of Abstracts. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1608259.

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Hurd, Jane, and Donna DeSmet. "Condensed tannins." In the 29th International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2931127.2931254.

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Živković, Andreja, Nataša Tomić, Marija Vuksanović, and Aleksandar Marinković. "Synthesis and characterization of epoxy resin coating with improved fire resistance by the addition of modified tannic acid." In 8th International Conference on Renewable Electrical Power Sources. SMEITS, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24094/mkoiee.020.8.1.35.

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The paper presents a new process for obtaining eco-epoxide materials with reduced combustibility or completely non-combustible, which are synthesized from bio-renewable raw materials, whose production process consists of two stages. A particular aspect of multiple environmental significance is the use of bio-renewable resources and the reduction of the share of the toxic epoxy component in the production of epoxy materials. The first stage considers the synthesis epoxy resin components: epoxy functionalized tannic acid (TA) – ETA, and synthesis of phosphate derivatives of TA - glycidyl ester of TA modified by phosphoric acid (PGET). The second stage considers the synthesis of bio-epoxy resins using ETA and PGET that are used as a replacement of the epoxy resin component (A) – bisphenol A based epoxy in a ratio 25-100% as a reactive diluent to obtain products that can be used in the construction and other industrial fields and have reduced combustibility or completely non-combustible. The second part presents the results of thermal and mechanical tests for some of the obtained derivatives. The addition of 25% of TA derivate improved the toughness as well as the tensile strength of epoxy material. Thermogravimetry showed that samples containing tannin epoxide showed more residue left. Partial or full replacement of the epoxy component with a tannin component produces eco-friendly material with while significantly increased fire resistance (V-2 to V-0).
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Ghazali, Nurul Aimi, Shigemi Naganawa, Yoshihiro Masuda, Wan Asma Ibrahim, and Noor Fitrah Abu Bakar. "Eco-Friendly Drilling Fluid Deflocculant for Drilling High Temperature Well: A Review." In ASME 2018 37th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2018-78149.

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Conventional clay-based drilling fluids often experienced difficulties in controlling the rheological properties, gelation, and filtration due to flocculation of clay at the temperature higher than 121°C. Deflocculant or thinner, one of the drilling fluid additives, serves a significant role in preventing the association of clay particles particularly in high temperature environments such as high-pressure and high-temperature (HPHT) deep-water drilling. Lignosulfonate has been commonly used in the industry as deflocculant for clay-based drilling fluids since the late 1950s as a replacement for Quebracho tannin. Degradation at the elevated temperature limits the usage of anionic polymer and lignosulfonate. In improving the stability of deflocculant at high temperature, lignosulfonate is admixed or reacted with chromium and iron compound to obtain ferro-chrome lignosulfonate whose temperature limit is approximately 190°C. While recent ferro-chrome lignosulfonate contains less chrome than in the past, development of more environmentally friendly and higher thermally stable deflocculant is still needed. In HPHT environment which requires high-density drilling fluid, a higher thermally-stable deflocculant is also valuable for barite sagging that becomes problematic at a temperature higher than 200°C. Several findings in the past development of adhesives show that addition of tannin improves the thermal stability of lignosulfonate. Tannin is a polyphenolic compound that is natural, non-toxic and biodegradable and can be found in various part of a vascular plant other than Quebracho. Lignosulfonate, on the other hand, is a byproduct of the paper pulping process. Tannin and lignosulfonate are cross-linked to obtain tannin–lignosulfonate for use as a high-temperature drilling fluid deflocculant. Tannin and lignin are the most abundant compounds extracted from biomass. The wide availability of tannin and lignosulfonate is an advantage from a manufacturing cost viewpoint. In this paper, an overview of drilling fluids, classification of drilling fluid, high temperature reservoir environment, and mechanisms of dispersion and deflocculation are presented. Further discussion on the potential development of eco-friendly tannin–lignosulfonate based drilling fluid system for the high temperature well development also presented.
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Anwer, Muhammad A. S., Hani E. Naguib, Alain Celzard, and Vanessa Fierro. "Development and Characterization of PLA-Based Bio Composites." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-39261.

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Polymers make up an important component of the manufacturing industry. Their density and mechanical properties makes them desirable for many applications. Currently much polymer produced is from non-renewable sources which adds to waste after disposal. PLA is a bio-based polymer shown to be promising in many studies but its inherent brittleness prevents wide scale application of the polymer. One readily feasible alternative is to reinforce PLA with fillers as a means to improve mechanical properties. Two types of PLA based bio-composites were considered: PLA-Lignin & PLA-Tannin composites. PLA was the matrix in these composites with the fillers either being Lignin or Tannin. Composites containing 5, 10, and 15 wt % of the fillers were studied. The composites were fabricated by means of melt blending in a twin screw compounder followed by injection molding. SEM morphological, mechanical, and dynamic mechanical evaluations of the composites were performed. Tan delta values of both Lignin and Tannin based PLA composites increased with increasing addition of fillers with the exception of PLA with 5 wt% Tannin. Lignin appears to have a plasticizing effect on the initial tensile stiffness while tannin appears to have a stiffening effect on the initial tensile stiffness. Glass transition temperatures of all composites do not seem to change significantly from that of pure PLA.
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Wu, Wan-Ching, Diane Kelly, Ashlee Edwards, and Jaime Arguello. "Grannies, tanning beds, tattoos and NASCAR." In the 4th Information Interaction in Context Symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2362724.2362768.

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Reports on the topic "Tannine"

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Cordingley, John S. The Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Quinone Tanning of Proteins. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada303501.

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Yoo, Jeong-Ju, and Seahee Lee. Identifying Factors Influence Individuals' Intention to Quit Tanning: Sociocultural Perspective. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1823.

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Yoo, Jeong-Ju, and Hye-Young Kim. Influences of Parental Attachment and Life Satisfaction on Social Tanning Behaviors among College Students. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-820.

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Harding, Scott, A, Chung-jui Tsai, and Lindroth, Richard, L. A genomics investigation of partitioning into and among flavonoid-derived condensed tannins for carbon sequestration in Populus. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1069258.

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Yoo, Jeong-Ju (Jay), and Hye-Young Kim. Propensity to Undergo Cosmetic Surgery and Risky Body Modification among Indoor Tanning Bed Users: An Illustration from Female College Students. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, November 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1545.

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Lance, Richard, and Xin Guan. Variation in inhibitor effects on qPCR assays and implications for eDNA surveys. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41740.

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Aquatic environmental DNA (eDNA) surveys are sometimes impacted by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) inhibitors. We tested varying concentrations of different inhibitors (humic, phytic, and tannic acids; crude leaf extracts) for impacts on quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays designed for eDNA surveys of bighead and silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix). We also tested for inhibition by high concentrations of exogenous DNA, hypothesizing that DNA from increasingly closely related species would be increasingly inhibitory. All tested inhibitors impacted qPCR, though only at very high concentrations — likely a function, in part, of having used an inhibitor-resistant qPCR solution. Closer phylogenetic relatedness resulted in inhibition at lower exogenous DNA concentrations, but not at relatively close phylogenetic scales. Inhibition was also influenced by the qPCR reporter dye used. Importantly, different qPCR assays responded differently to the same inhibitor concentrations. Implications of these results are that the inclusion of more than one assay for the same target taxa in an eDNA survey may be an important countermeasure against false negatives and that internal positive controls may not, in the absence of efforts to maximize inhibition compatibility, provide useful information about the inhibition of an eDNA assay.
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