Academic literature on the topic 'Tapping rate'
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Journal articles on the topic "Tapping rate"
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Zendel, Benjamin Rich, Bernhard Ross, and Takako Fujioka. "The Effects of Stimulus Rate and Tapping Rate on Tapping Performance." Music Perception 29, no. 1 (September 1, 2011): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/mp.2011.29.1.65.
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when finger taps are synchronized with an isochronous click, it is known that tap-click asynchrony and its variability increase with the interonset interval (IOI). It remains unclear whether these results are due to the IOI or the intertap interval (ITI) duration. The present study examines how these two factors influence tapping performance by altering the tap-click ratio (i.e., 1:n tapping). It has been shown that holding the ITI constant while decreasing the IOI—so that extra clicks subdivide each tap—results in a reduction of tapping variability, described as a subdivision benefit (Repp, 2003). Two questions remain: Does asynchrony and variability increase with the ITI while holding the IOI constant? Does asynchrony decrease with the IOI while holding ITI constant? Using linear regression, both asynchrony and variability decreased with the IOI, with little additional effect of ITI. In contrast, when using ITI as a predictor, the contribution of IOI was significant, suggesting that IOI is the main determinant of tapping performance. In addition, an ANOVA revealed a disadvantage for 1:3 tapping, supporting a categorical distinction between duple and triple meters since 1:n tapping can engender the subjective feel of different metric structures.
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Zendel, Benjamin Rich, Bernhard Ross, and Takako Fujioka. "Reply to Repp's (2012) Commentary on “The Effects of Stimulus Rate and Tapping Rate on Tapping Performance”." Music Perception 29, no. 4 (April 1, 2012): 449–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/mp.2012.29.4.449.
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MacKenzie, I. Scott, R. Blair Nonnecke, J. Craig McQueen, Stan Riddersma, and Malcolm Meltz. "A Comparison of three Methods of Character Entry on Pen-Based Computers." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 38, no. 4 (October 1994): 330–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129403800430.
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Methods for entering text on pen-based computers were compared with respect to speed, accuracy, and user preference. Fifteen subjects entered text on a digitizing display tablet using three methods: hand printing, QWERTY-tapping, and ABC-tapping. The tapping methods used display-based keyboards, one with a QWERTY layout, the other with two alphabetic rows of 13 characters. ABC-tapping had the lowest error rate (0.6%) but was the slowest entry method (12.9 wpm). It was also the least preferred input method. The QWERTY-tapping condition was the most preferred, the fastest (22.9 wpm), and had a low error rate (1.1%). Although subjects also liked hand printing, it was 41% slower than QWERTY-tapping and had a very high error rate (8.1%). The results suggest that character recognition on pen-based computers must improve to attract walk-up users, and that alternatives such as tapping on a QWERTY soft keyboard are effective input methods.
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Repp, Bruno H. "Comments on “The Effects of Stimulus Rate and Tapping Rate on Tapping Performance” by Zendel, Ross, and Fujioka (2011)." Music Perception 29, no. 4 (April 1, 2012): 447–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/mp.2012.29.4.447.
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Wilcox, Teresa, and R. Harter Kraft. "Lateral Differences in Schematic Face Encoding during Dual-Task Performance with Increasing Levels of Difficulty." Perceptual and Motor Skills 68, no. 3 (June 1989): 767–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1989.68.3.767.
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20 normal, right-handed, familial dextral men performed (a) unimanual finger tapping, (b) encoding of schematic faces at three levels of difficulty (3, 5, and 7 faces), (c) verbal production, (d) concurrent tapping and verbal production, and (e) concurrent tapping and face encoding. Subsequent recognition of faces was disrupted more by concurrent left-hand tapping than by concurrent right-hand tapping, supporting both the hypothesis that the right hemisphere mediates face encoding in adults and Kinsbourne and Hicks' (1978) “functional cerebral distance principle.” Left- and right-hand tapping rate and variability were not asymmetrically affected by either verbal production or face encoding. While there was an increase in generalized interference effects on face encoding, the degree of asymmetry of the interference remained constant. In addition, as the difficulty of the memory task increased, variability of tapping rate decreased. This was discussed in terms of attention and automatic motor programming.
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Tjellström, A., G. Granström, and M. Odersjö. "Survival rate of self-tapping implants for bone-anchored hearing aids." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 121, no. 2 (November 3, 2006): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002221510600243x.
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Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a new self-tapping implant for a bone-anchored hearing aid (BAHA) had the same high frequency of osseointegration as previous implants requiring pre-tapping.Method: Over a three-year period, 144 consecutive implants were placed in the mastoid for BAHA and evaluated.Results: Two implants were lost; both were of the self-tapping type. One was in an 11-year-old boy, who lost his implant six weeks after surgery when the BAHA was fitted. The other was in an elderly man, a heavy smoker with diabetes. Using Fisher's exact test, there was no significant difference between the two groups (p>0.30).Conclusion: Self-tapping implants facilitate surgery and shorten operating time. Over a short follow up, we did not find any significant difference; however, it is important to follow these implants over a longer time period.
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Li, Yong Yi, and Sheng Dun Zhao. "Numerical Analysis on the Key Technology in Extrusion Tapping of Internal Thread." Advanced Materials Research 341-342 (September 2011): 436–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.341-342.436.
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This paper introduces the principle and characteristic of extrusion tapping of internal thread, presents the simplified mechanical model of extrusion tapping firstly. Then generalizes the key technology of extrusion tapping and their influencing law on tapping torque and thread forming quality, such as extrusion tap type, lead hole diameter, tapping speed and friction. Finally, numerical analysis on the key technology of extrusion tapping are conducted based on DEFORM-3D, the results show that the effect of lead hole diameter and friction on tapping torque are obvious, the effect of extrusion tap type and tapping speed on tapping torque are next and this effect degree is related to the stress-strain relation of workpiece material under different strain-rate closely. These researches will contribute to the right selection of workpiece material, extrusion tap type, lead hole diameter, tapping speed and lubrication of extrusion tapping of internal thread in practical manufacture.
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Repp, Bruno H. "Rate Limits of On-Beat and Off-Beat Tapping With Simple Auditory Rhythms: 1. Qualitative Observations." Music Perception 22, no. 3 (2005): 479–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/mp.2005.22.3.479.
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The accuracy of on-beat and off-beat synchronized finger tapping was examined as a function of sequence rate in musically trained individuals. Auditory sequences consisted of cyclically repeated, underlyingly isochronous patterns of the form T0, TT0, or TTT0, where T denotes a tone onset and 0 denotes its absence. In different conditions, participants attempted to tap in synchrony with one of the possible T (�on-beat�) or 0 (�off-beat�) positions in each pattern while the sequence rate increased from trial to trial. It was hypothesized that on-beat tapping would be easier with tones that carry a rhythmic grouping accent (T2 in TT0, T1 and T3 in TTT0) than with tones that do not (T1 in TT0, T2 in TTT0), according to findings of Povel and colleagues. The hypothesis was strongly supported for TTT0, but there were considerable individual differences with regard to TT0. Off-beat tapping was generally difficult and often switched to on-beat tapping at fast tempi. The findings reveal rate limits of sensorimotor coordination that may be relevant to music performance in ensembles.
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Repp, Bruno H. "Rate Limits of On-Beat and Off-Beat Tapping With Simple Auditory Rhythms." Music Perception 23, no. 2 (December 1, 2005): 165–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/mp.2005.23.2.165.
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THE RELATIVE DIFFICULTY of on-beat and off-beat finger tapping with simple auditory rhythms was assessed in four experiments with musically trained participants. The rhythms consisted of cyclically repeated TT0 or TTT0 patterns, where T denotes the presence and 0 denotes the absence of a tone. The tasks were to tap in synchrony with one of the T ("on-beat") positions or with the 0 ("off-beat") position. Experiments 1-3 used an adaptive procedure that determined the fastest tempo at which each task could be accomplished. Experiment 1 demonstrated that it is easier to tap on tones that carry a rhythmic grouping accent (T2 in TT0, T1 and T3 in TTT0) than on other tones or in the 0 position. Off-beat tapping was more difficult in TT0 than in TTT0 sequences. Experiment 2 showed that a dynamic ( pitch) accent on one of the tones facilitates synchronization with that tone and impedes synchronization with adjacent tones. Off-beat tapping was less affected by accent location. Experiment 3 required participants to "hear" different T positions as metrically accented (i.e., to construe them as the downbeat) while carrying out the various tapping tasks. Most participants found it difficult to maintain a cognitive downbeat at fast tempi when it did not coincide with their taps. However, when such a downbeat could be maintained, it did not seem to increase the difficulty of tapping (with one exception). This suggests a unidirectional dependence of metrical structure on action. In Experiment 4, the same tasks were presented at more moderate tempi, and the dependent measure was the variability of asynchronies. Metrical downbeat location still did not have any significant effect. Thus, synchronization difficulty seems to be affected only by a rhythm's physical structure, not by the cognitive interpretation that is given to that structure.
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Lorås, Håvard, Tore Kristian Aune, Rolf Ingvaldsen, and Arve Vorland Pedersen. "Interpersonal and intrapersonal entrainment of self-paced tapping rate." PLOS ONE 14, no. 7 (July 30, 2019): e0220505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0220505.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Tapping rate"
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Gavaldà, Ferré Núria. "Index of idiolectal similitude for the phonological module of English applied to forensic speech comparison." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/123775.
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The framework of the present PhD dissertation is the area that results from the overlap between the field of variationist sociolinguistics and forensic linguistics, which mainly concerns the study of variation between different individuals –inter-speaker variation– and variation within a single individual –intra-speaker variation– for forensic purposes. The primary objective of the present dissertation is twofold. On the one hand, it proposes a protocol for the creation of an Index of Idiolectal Similitude (IIS) for the phonological module of English that can effectively determine whether two oral samples show inter-speaker variation –which would indicate that the samples have been produced by two different individuals– or intra-speaker variation –which would allow to conclude that the samples have been produced by the same individual. On the other hand, the analysis of the fourteen variables proposed in a corpus that contains data on sixteen speakers and that is stratified according to measurement time –as a result of a real time study–, language contact and gender, provides an important contribution to the Base Rate knowledge, which constitutes one of the main challenges of current forensic linguistics.
Results show that inter-speaker variation is generally higher than intra-speaker variation, and that a speaker’s idiolectal style remains relatively stable over time. Therefore, the IIS is presented as an innovative quantitative tool which, together with other quantitative and qualitative techniques that the linguist acting as expert witness may have at their disposition, can help reach a conclusion regarding the probability of two samples having been produced or not by the same speaker.Aquesta tesi doctoral s’emmarca dins l’àrea comú on es troben els camps de la sociolingüística de la variació i la lingüística forense, en la qual es troba l’estudi de la variació entre diferents individus –variació inter-parlant– i la variació en del mateix individu –variació intra-parlant– amb finalitats forenses. La investigació té dos objectius principals. D’una banda, es proposa el protocol per a la creació d’un Índex de Similitud Idiolectal (ISI) per al mòdul fonològic de l’anglès que pot determinar de manera efectiva si dues mostres orals mostren variació inter-parlant –que indicaria que les mostres haurien estat produïdes per dos individus diferents– o variació intra-parlant –la qual cosa portaria a concloure que les mostres haurien estat produïdes pel mateix individu. D’altra banda, l’anàlisi de les catorze variables proposades en un corpus que conté setze parlants i que està estratificat per temps de mesura –com a resultat d’un estudi en temps real–, contacte de llengües i gènere biològic, comporta una contribució important a la referència de distribució poblacional (Base Rate Knowledge) que constitueix un dels grans reptes de la lingüística forense actual. Els resultats mostren que la variació inter-parlant és generalment més alta que la intra-parlant, i que l’estil idiolectal d’un individu es manté relativament estable malgrat el pas del temps. Per tant, l’ISI es presenta com una eina quantitativa innovadora que, juntament amb altres tècniques quantitatives i qualitatives que el lingüista forense pot tenir a la seva disposició, pot ajudar a prendre una decisió sobre la probabilitat que dues mostres hagin estat produïdes o no pel mateix parlant.
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Chen, Choa-Wen, and 陳昭文. "The Effects of Tapping Different Magnetic Energy on Zusanli After Strenuous Exercise Fatigue ~Focus on Heart Rate、Skin Blood Flow and Ryodoraku Values~." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/syr65c.
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碩士國立體育大學
運動保健學系
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Fatigue recovery is really important for athelet, fatigue status is not only can influence sports performance, but also increase injury incidence when athletes is in fatigue situation, athlete’s career will be block. When the exercise intensity increased, acidic substances and H+ will raise, muscle activity decreased. Study shown Zusanli (ST36) can accelerate fatigue recovery, but all use needle therapy, it is invasive and not convenience. Negative static magnetic energy can alkalization、sedation、negatively charged effect, it can penetrate skin and stimulate acupuncture point without contact, it is non-invasive、convenience、no side effects, and highly attention method recently . But the effect is unsure, therefore, run the experiment to confirm the effect. Purpose: the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different static magnetic energy poles taping on acupuncture point Zusanli (ST36), after strenuous exercise. Method: 22 healthy college students participated in this study, age of (20.41± 2.41) years old. Rest 5min then measured heart rate and Ryodoraku values, setup skin blood flow equipment and EKG. Use 30 second Wingate anaerobic exercise to warm up with 0.075kp/kg. After the exercise finished taping different static magnetic energy poles (negative or positive or Placebo) on Acupuncture point Zusanli in balanced order and double blind methods. End of experiment measured Ryodoraku values; the same test was run at least 7 days later. Heart rate were monitored by EKG through all experiment including exercise and resting. Data were analysed by two-factor (trial x time) repeated measures ANOVA with post hoc LSD and paired t-test, α=.05 Results: the results showed Ryodoraku values at negative poles group had significantly different reduce after the intervention (p< .05), but not significantly between groups (F=1.938, p> .05) . Heart rate part showed negative poles group is the fastest group let the heart rate recover back to the pre-exercise at 28 time points, positive group at 36 time point, control group at 33 time point. But it is not significantly different between groups (F=0.010, p > .05).Skin blood part showed negative poles group is the fastest let the skin blood recover back to the pre-exercise other two group is still dropping until the end of the experiment, but not significantly between groups (F=0.330, p > .05). Conclusion: the conclusion of this study was that attaching negative static magnetic energy on Zusanli can improve fatigue recovery after Strenuous Exercise.
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Heřmánek, Jaroslav. "Zjišťování hraniční zátěže při výcviku přežití." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-300450.
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AABBSSTTRRAACCTT TTiittllee:: How to find the rate of border stress in the survival drill PPuurrppoossee:: Purpose of this master thesis is try to find acceptable instruments for determination of border stress in the survival drill. MMeetthhooddss:: This master thesis was worked up as empiric quantitative research observation type. We have tested 15 participants of course "Přesuny na sněhu a ledu" and 16 participants of course for survival instructors. For testing we used four motoric tests which were prepared to find actual stress of probands, psychological test OPTIM and in the second course hematologic research. RReessuullttss:: Measured values demonstrate possible connection in two motoric tests where the results are getting worse in border stress and in the extreme stress. In rest two tests there was not proved any connection between the results of tests and stress. KKeeyy wwoorrddss:: Actual stress, stress, soft motorics, equilibrium abilitiy, reaction ability, action ability, tapping rate. Vytvořeno pomocí Software602 Print2PDF 8. Tuto řádku odstraníte zakoupením licence a aktivací na http://www.software602.cz/
Books on the topic "Tapping rate"
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Bégin, Camille. Romance of the Homemade. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040252.003.0003.
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This chapter examines the Federal Writers' Project's (FWP) sensory nostalgia for regional food as a cathartic reaction to the standardization of taste triggered by the industrialization of the U.S. food system since the late nineteenth century. Categories of race and gender interplayed in the New Deal sensory economy both to buffer sensory change and to allow its critique. Women often took the blame for the decreased sensory quality of American food, making the 1930s a significant moment in the elaboration of conservative gender roles that dominated the war and postwar period. To counter this feminine threat, New Deal food writing held “virile” and uncorrupted tastes as the pinnacle of American cuisine, which, as the analysis of racial interaction in public cooking events shows, often meant tapping into the raw sensory power of racial others.
Book chapters on the topic "Tapping rate"
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Madrid, Antonio, Elena Madinabeitia-Mancebo, Amalia Jácome, Javier Cudeiro, and Pablo Arias. "Changes in Excitability at the Level of M1, Spinal Cord and Muscle During 3 Minutes of Finger Tapping at the Maximal Possible Rate." In Converging Clinical and Engineering Research on Neurorehabilitation III, 861–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01845-0_173.
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"The Race to Pump." In Tapping Water Markets, 142–61. Routledge, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203136072-14.
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Mwema, Fredrick M., Esther T. Akinlabi, and Oluseyi P. Oladijo. "Correction of Artifacts and Optimization of Atomic Force Microscopy Imaging." In Design, Development, and Optimization of Bio-Mechatronic Engineering Products, 158–79. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-8235-9.ch007.
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Acquisition of experimental data from atomic force microscopy (AFM) sometimes has artefacts that distort the information contained in the image. Such artefacts can be very delirious especially for sensitive applications such as in biomedical and microelectronics. This chapter illustrates the correction of the artefacts resulting from tapping mode imaging. It also shows the application of Taguchi optimization technique for reducing artefacts during AFM imaging. Using AFM images of Al films, Fourier filtering is illustrated as a useful technique for correcting the artefacts. Taguchi optimization is shown to determine the optimal scan rate, scan size, integral and proportional gains in minimizing the size and number of artefacts at the imaging stage. The correction technique is shown to improve the morphological information of the AFM images while the Taguchi method is effective for determining the best imaging conditions for AFM analysis.
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"Finger tapping rates and the effects of various factors." In Occupational Safety and Hygiene, 45–50. CRC Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b14391-8.
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Mehta, Gautam, and Bilal Iqbal. "Central Nervous System." In Clinical Medicine for the MRCP PACES. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199542550.003.0011.
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As with all neurological patients, you will be more likely to pick up the diagnosis if you take a step back and look at the whole patient. Take some time to assess their facial expressions, speech, tremor, and posture. A common instruction at this station, with the patient seated on a chair is ‘Look at this patient, and examine as appropriate’. Candidates are often baffled, when given this instruction. Often the patients with Parkinson’s disease are given specific instructions to interlock the fingers of both hands, or place hands flat on their lap to mask the tremor. Picking up an expressionless face and low volume monotonous speech from the outset will provide useful clues to the diagnosis. If you are not sure at this stage, proceed to examining the gait. Once you are certain, that this is Parkinson’s disease, you may proceed to demonstrate the other features. 1. Patients with Parkinson’s disease have characteristic expressionless facies (hypomimia), often described as ‘mask-like’. This is a manifestation of bradykinesia. There is a reduced blink rate. The glabellar tap (Myerson’s sign) is an unreliable sign and is not recommended in the examination. This involves tapping the patient’s forehead repeatedly. Normal subjects will stop blinking, but in Parkinson’s disease, the patient will continue to blink. The patient may be drooling saliva (resulting from dysphagia and sialorrhoea-due to autonomic dysfunction) 2. Patients may have soft speech (hypophonia). This is also a manifestation of bradykinesia, and characteristically, the speech is low-volume, monotonous and tremulous (appears slurred). 3. Blepharoclonus is tremor of the eyelids. This will only be demonstrated if the eyes are gently closed, as opposed to tightly closing the eyes. 4. The classic tremor is present at rest and asymmetrical (more marked on one side). It is classically described as being 4–6Hz and is the initial symptom in 60% of cases, although 20% of patients never have a tremor. The tremor may appear as a ‘pill-rolling’ motion of the hand or a simple oscillation of the hand or arm. It is easier to spot a tremor if you ask the patient to rest their arms in their lap in the semi-prone position.
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Velayati, Masoumeh. "Formation of ‘religious’ identity among British Muslim women." In Women and Religion, 95–116. Policy Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447336358.003.0006.
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This chapter explains how Muslim women are generally disadvantaged in the UK, as reflected in their high unemployment and inactivity rates compared to their male counterparts and other ethnic minority women, despite policies to reduce the diversity gap in the UK labour market based on gender and religious affiliations. Applying feminist theory and questioning Muslim women's place as a marginalized group at the centre of social inquiry, the chapter aims to understand the ways in which Muslim women negotiate religious and cultural norms and values. Studies indicate a feminist consciousness tapping into the Islamic framework as an enabling means for personal empowering in a rapidly changing world that challenges traditional gender issues.
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Heinz, Annelise. "Suburban Migrations and Summer Bungalows." In Mahjong, 187–202. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190081799.003.0010.
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Through mahjong, Jewish women effectively created a new cultural marker of a midcentury Jewish ethnicity—with a Chinese game played in an evolving residential and residentially segregated geography of increasingly suburban homes and summer vacationing landscapes. Straddling modernization and a received identity handed down over generations, Americanization took form in the development of an ethnic identity in the years when American ideas about race were changing alongside new concepts of ethnicity. By tapping into an American Orientalist tradition, Jewish women participated in mainstream white American culture, but through a marginal activity no longer engaged in by most Americans. In doing so, they exemplified the insider/outsider tension that their upward mobility into the privileges of white America provoked, and which mahjong culture (in unintentional ways) helped resolve. American mahjong resulted from the material, residential, and social elements that made up an increasingly coherent Jewish American culture—and helped create it.
Conference papers on the topic "Tapping rate"
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Reno, Matthew J., Matthew Lave, Jimmy E. Quiroz, and Robert J. Broderick. "PV ramp rate smoothing using energy storage to mitigate increased voltage regulator tapping." In 2016 IEEE 43rd Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pvsc.2016.7749982.
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Ogayu, Yasushi. "Confirmation of Validity of Hot Tapping Welding." In ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2009-77072.
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Branch connection to existing hydrocarbon pipelines are often attached by welding on the pipe while liquid or gas products are contained in or flowing in the pipe when it is not feasible, or impractical, to take the piping out of service. This procedure is called hot tapping. A problem, so-called “burn-through”, will occur when welding onto a pressurized pipe if the un-melted area beneath the weld pool has insufficient strength to contain the internal pressure of the pipe. It is reported by Battelle Institute that this burn-through problem will occur when inside surface temperature is in excess of 982 degree C regardless of internal pressure [1]. From the safety view points, this problem shall be avoided. In addition, the piping or equipment base metal thickness must provide support for the new connection and hot tapping machine. From these reasons, the minimum base metal thickness of approximately 5mm (to be precise 4.8mm) is recommended [2]. In this study, the validity of the minimum base metal thickness of 5mm was confirmed by means of “Thermal Analysis Computer Modeling for Hot-Tap Welding” developed by my company to confirm the effectiveness of the Thermal Analysis. This thermal Analysis can calculate the cooling rate and temperatures faithfully using heat elastoplastic finite element analysis. After the confirmation of that, we can determine the welding conditions and conduct the hot tapping operations safer. Prior to applying this thermal analysis tool to hot tapping models, reliability of this thermal analysis tool was confirmed by a preliminary experiment.
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Shi, Ping, Yankun Xu, Mingming Guo, and Hongliu Yu. "Heart rate variability for assessment of fatigue of central motor control in a rhythmical finger tapping task." In 2017 10th International Congress on Image and Signal Processing, BioMedical Engineering and Informatics (CISP-BMEI). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cisp-bmei.2017.8302222.
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Meenraj, Swathika, Chebolu Lakshmana Rao, and Balasubramanian Venkatesh. "Fluid Impact Under Various Tapping Conditions for Biomedical Application (Shirodhara)." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-87341.
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Shirodhara is an ayurveda therapy treating subjects for stress (depression/anxiety/hypertension) insomnia, headache and several kinds of psychosis. When there is a fluid impact on a solid surface, a transient impact will be developed at the interface in short time duration as vibration on forehead. The fluid impact of the liquid falling from the beaker at controlled flow rate is measured using an integrated circuit piezoelectric (ICP) force sensor for various tapping condition. The time-dependent response of the sensor is acquired using data acquisition system which is connected to the computer. The force is determined by measuring the voltage output from the piezoelectric force sensor. The impact experiment is done for single droplet, intermittent flow of drops and continuous flow of liquid falling from a fixed height of 7.5 cm. From the results, we observe the impact force for each fluid have a subtle variation depending on the falling condition and impact velocity of the fluid falling from a height.
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Nopsiri, Noppanan, Pithak Harnboonzong, and Katha Wuthicharn. "Shallow Gas Reservoir Development in Offshore Field, Myanmar: Tapping New Reserves with Novel Approach." In IADC/SPE Asia Pacific Drilling Technology Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/201053-ms.
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Abstract Discovered on the shallowest formation in Myanmar offshore field at 500 meters subsea, this reservoir is perhaps one of the most challenging reservoirs to develop in many aspects such as; risk of fracking to seabed when performing sand control completion, cap rock integrity and risk of breaching due to completion and production activities, reservoir compaction, and depletion-induced subsidence. Generally, the producing reservoirs currently developed in this field sits between 700 to 2500 meter subsea, mTVDss. Cased Hole Gravel Pack (CHGP) as sand control completion method is selected to develop the reservoir from 700 to 1650 mTVDss. None of the shallow reservoirs (shallower than 700 mTVDss approximately) has been developed in the field before, due to some technical challenges previously mentioned. Owing to these reasons, reservoir engineer and well completion team initiated feasibility study focusing on advanced Geomechanical modeling and alternative way of sand control completion combined with full project risk assessment, ultimately, to unlock huge gas reserves trapped in this field. The reservoir is finally developed with infill well and new completion technique ever been used in the company. To develop this shallow reservoir, infill well drilling with sand control completion is required. The technical analysis on the following problems was comprehensively performed to ensure that the reservoir was feasible, doable and viable to develop. Reservoir compaction and subsidence occurring with stress and pressure changes associated with depletions would not create potential hazard to production facilities. Cap-rock is stable with no breaching over entire life of reservoir depletion. No potential fault is reactivated upon depletion. Sand control completion is able to be performed safely with well-confined fracpack (risk of frac growth to seabed). Upon depletion, integrity of casing and cement is acceptable when reservoir is compacted. Full risk assessment aspects of completion operation are scrutinized. These problems were mainly analyzed using coupled 3D Geomechanical model focusing on this shallow reservoir in the area of this particular wellhead platform. Briefly speaking, the 3D Geomechanical model was coupled with reservoir pressure depletion to find stress and displacement of reservoir rock and casing due to production. The methodology is called one-way coupled modeling. To be more precise, the pre-production stress of the reservoir at initial pressure was determined and used to calculate subsequent stress change from depletion (production). Pressure depletion will increase effective stress and hence create deformation of reservoir rock which may induce underground subsidence and casing integrity. On this study, four stress-steps of pressure depletion were computed i.e. initial pressure, 25% depletion, 50% depletion and 75% depletion. On each step, stress equilibrium was simulated using finite element software. This project makes the pending development of shallow reservoir in this field doable and viable. All risks associated with well completion and production-induced depletion were deliberately reviewed and mitigated. Based on this study, the most critical risk is gas leak through seabed due to sand control completion activity (CHGP). Apart from this, the other risks such as seabed subsidence, cap-rock breaching, fault reactivation, and casing integrity upon compaction were consciously addressed, reviewed and prevented. The major risk on sand control completion was finally mitigated. The conventional extension pack was avoided and replaced with the completion technique, a so-called circulating pack. Circulating Pack is one of CHGP technique where the pumping rate and pumping pressure maintained below fracture extension rate and fracture extension pressure. This pumping rate and pumping pressure will not introduce the fracture in the formation but still able to carry proppants and place them in the annular between screen and casing to provide sand control means. Although the sand control performance of circulating pack is not up to High Rate Water Pack (HRWP) or Extension Pack, together with control of minimum drawdown and production rate will enhance the sand control performance and prolong production life. Ultimately, unlock the potential in this shallow reservoir. The well has finally been successfully completed under tailor-made design and real-time data acquisition. The reservoir has been producing successfully with the rate of about 5 MMSCFD with good flowing wellhead pressure at 590 psi similar to the design. Ultimately, this alternative approach enables the development of this shallow reservoir where the new reserves of 20 BSCF has been added to the project. This project can be a good lesson for future development of other shallow reservoirs worldwide.
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Jeong, Jaesun, Gu Hyun Chung, William J. Buttner, Gary W. Hunter, Joseph R. Stetter, and Rong Wang. "Generation of Controllable Nano-Gaps on Single Wall Carbon Nanotube." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-15096.
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We demonstrated the application of the atomic force microscope (AFM) in generation of controllable nano-gaps on single wall carbon nano-tubes (SWCNTs). Tapping mode AFM combined with interleave mode was used to image and manipulate the CNTs. By precise control of the loading force and the scan rate, we were able to generate desired gaps on CNT nanowires ranging from 10.6 nm to 58.8 nm. The gap size dependence on loading force and scan rate was discussed. Such a structure can be applied in fabrication of capacitancebased nano-device toward sensor applications.
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Daei-Sorkhabi, A. H., M. A. Saeimi-Sadigh, F. Vakili-Tahami, M. Zehsaz, and B. Behjat. "Study of the Burn-Through During In-Service Welding of T Joint Branch Connections." In ASME 2010 10th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2010-25113.
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In this paper, the effect of three main parameters: a) welding speed, b) cooling rate of fluid flow through the main pipe; and c) number of welding passes, have been studied to obtain an effective method to reduce the burn-through risk during the in-service welding of AISI-316 pipe branch connection to perform hot-tapping. In addition, important patents regarding the new methods of hot-tapping have been reviewed. To carry out numerical simulation, a 3D Finite Element (FE) based thermo-mechanical model has been developed. Using this model, thermo-mechanical stresses and temperature distribution along the main-pipe wall-thickness have been obtained with maximum and minimum allowable welding speeds; and with two high and low level of steam flow rate through the main pipe. The Von-Mises yield criterion using the temperature dependent yield stress has been used to check the main pipe failure during the welding process. The results show that current techniques, including API recommendations, which only rely on the observation of the main-pipe inner wall temperature, does not take into account the effect of mechanical or thermal stresses due to the inline pressure or other working parameters which have significant role in burn-through. In addition, the results show that the increase of welding speed reduces the risk of burn-through but it increases the risk of hot cracking. On the other hand, decreasing the steam flow rate has the opposite effect. It has also been shown that using smaller electrode size is the most effective way to decrease burn-through risk.
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Solares, Santiago D., Jonathan Chang, Joonil Seog, and Adam U. Kareem. "Utilization of Simple Scaling Laws for Modulating Tip-Sample Interaction Forces in Aqueous Environment AFM Characterization: Application to the Self-Assembly of Protein Polymers." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-47199.
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We have recently reported on experimental observations of silk-elastin-like protein polymers (SELPs) that self-assembled into 1-dimensional nanofibers on mica surfaces upon application of a mechanical stimulus with atomic force microscopy (AFM) in water. SELPs are genetically engineered block co-polymers made of silk-like blocks (Gly-Ala-Gly-Ala-Gly-Ser) from Bombyx mori (silkworm) and elastin-like blocks (Gly-Val-Gly-Val-Pro) from mammalian elastin. The experiment consisted of adsorbing the protein polymer onto a freshly cleaved mica surface, followed by AFM characterization under different sets of imaging parameters, each of which led to different nanofiber coverage rates. In order to gain further understanding of the factors governing the self-assembly process, we utilized multimodal AFM simulation to formulate and guide the implementation of a suitable force modulation strategy, which allowed us to observe trends of the surface coverage rate as a function of the applied peak forces. The simulations suggest that a nearly linear control of the peak tapping forces can be achieved by following simple scaling laws based on the harmonic oscillator model.
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Ren, Juan, Qingze Zou, Bo Li, and Zhiqun Lin. "Adaptive Multi-Loop Mode Atomic Force Microscope Imaging." In ASME 2014 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2014-6234.
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An adaptive multi-loop mode (AMLM) imaging of atomic force microscope (AFM) is proposed. Due to its superior image quality and less sample disturbances, tapping mode (TM) imaging is currently the de facto most widely used imaging technique. However, the speed of TM-imaging is substantially limited, and becoming the major bottleneck of this technique. The proposed AMLM-imaging overcomes the limits of TM-imaging by utilizing control techniques to substantially increase the speed of TM-imaging while preserving the advantages of TM-imaging. The AMLM-imaging is tested and demonstrated through imaging a PtBA sample in experiments, and the experiment results demonstrated that the image quality over large-size imaging (50 μm by 25 μm) achieved at the scan rate of 25 Hz is at the same level of that when using TM-imaging at 1 Hz, while the probe-sample interaction force is smaller than that of the TM-imaging at 2.5 Hz.
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Lindstro¨m, Per R. M., and Anders Ulfvarson. "Weld Repair of Shell Plates During Seagoing Operations." In ASME 2002 21st International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2002-28583.
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An algorithm to estimate the cooling rate of welding seams on the shell plating of a ship, below the waterline, while it is on voyage has been derived. The demand for this technique has arisen from the wish of ship operators to make it possible for the safe repair of ship structures without taking them out of operation. [1] The strength of the shell plating after welding is determined by its metallurgic structure, which is dependent on the cooling rate, its chemical composition and the original grain size of the base material. [2] The cooling rate for this type of welding seam depends on the velocity of the water flow, the distance from the bow, the thickness of the plate, and the heat from the heat input of the welding. The algorithm makes it possible to calculate the cooling rate for a base material affected by a forced flow of fluid by means of Rosenthal’s equation and thus enabling suitable welding parameters to be determined. As the welding parameters can be chosen to fit the specific repair to be made, it is now possible to determine the suitability of a welding procedure in advance. The algorithm is applicable when determining welding parameters at Hot-Tapping operations as well, where the base material is affected by a forced flow of fluid. A number of experiments have been performed and the results support the theoretical model. The research project continues with the aim of finding an algorithm to include the enhanced cooling rate due to the layer of boiling fluid on the back of the base material. A method to improve the measurements of the most important parameter in the algorithm has been developed and makes it possible to build up a quantitative database of typical values for various configurations.
Reports on the topic "Tapping rate"
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Tare, Medha, Susanne Nobles, and Wendy Xiao. Partnerships that Work: Tapping Research to Address Learner Variability in Young Readers. Digital Promise, March 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.51388/20.500.12265/67.
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Over the past several decades, the student population in the United States has grown more diverse by factors including race, socioeconomic status, primary language spoken at home, and learning differences. At the same time, learning sciences research has advanced our understanding of learner variability and the importance of grounding educational practice and policy in the individual, rather than the fiction of an average student. To address this gap, LVP distills existing research on cognitive, social and emotional, content area, and background Learner Factors that affect learning in various domains, such as reading and math. In conjunction with the development process, LPS researchers worked with ReadWorks to design studies to assess the impact of the newly implemented features on learner outcomes.