Relevant bibliographies by topics / Targeting signal

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Targeting signal'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2025
Last updated: 7 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Targeting signal"

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Weber, George, Fei Shen, Tamás I. Orbán, Szabolcs Kökeny, and Edith Olah. "Targeting signal transduction." Advances in Enzyme Regulation 43, no. 1 (2003): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0065-2571(03)00021-9.

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Bertino, Joseph R. "Targeting signal transduction." Current Oncology Reports 3, no. 6 (2001): 453–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11912-001-0063-y.

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Beeram, Muralidhar, and Amita Patnaik. "Targeting intracellular signal transduction." Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America 16, no. 5 (2002): 1089–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0889-8588(02)00054-0.

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Varshavsky, Alexander. "Naming a targeting signal." Cell 64, no. 1 (1991): 13–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0092-8674(91)90202-a.

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Gould, S. J., G. A. Keller, and S. Subramani. "Identification of peroxisomal targeting signals located at the carboxy terminus of four peroxisomal proteins." Journal of Cell Biology 107, no. 3 (1988): 897–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.107.3.897.

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As part of an effort to understand how proteins are imported into the peroxisome, we have sought to identify the peroxisomal targeting signals in four unrelated peroxisomal proteins: human catalase, rat hydratase:dehydrogenase, pig D-amino acid oxidase, and rat acyl-CoA oxidase. Using gene fusion experiments, we have identified a region of each protein that can direct heterologous proteins to peroxisomes. In each case, the peroxisomal targeting signal is contained at or near the carboxy terminus of the protein. For catalase, the peroxisomal targeting signal is located within the COOH-terminal 27 amino acids of the protein. For hydratase:dehydrogenase, D-amino acid oxidase, and acyl-CoA oxidase, the targeting signals are located within the carboxy-terminal 15, 14, and 15 amino acids, respectively. A tripeptide of the sequence Ser-Lys/His-Leu is present in each of these targeting signals as well as in the peroxisomal targeting signal identified in firefly luciferase (Gould, S.J., G.-A. Keller, and S. Subramani. 1987. J. Cell Biol. 105:2923-2931). When the peroxisomal targeting signal of the hydratase:dehydrogenase is mutated so that the Ser-Lys-Leu tripeptide is converted to Ser-Asn-Leu, it can no longer direct proteins to peroxisomes. We suggest that this tripeptide is an essential element of at least one class of peroxisomal targeting signals.
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Chatzi, Katerina E., Marios Frantzeskos Sardis, Alexandra Tsirigotaki, et al. "Preprotein mature domains contain translocase targeting signals that are essential for secretion." Journal of Cell Biology 216, no. 5 (2017): 1357–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201609022.

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Secretory proteins are only temporary cytoplasmic residents. They are typically synthesized as preproteins, carrying signal peptides N-terminally fused to their mature domains. In bacteria secretion largely occurs posttranslationally through the membrane-embedded SecA-SecYEG translocase. Upon crossing the plasma membrane, signal peptides are cleaved off and mature domains reach their destinations and fold. Targeting to the translocase is mediated by signal peptides. The role of mature domains in targeting and secretion is unclear. We now reveal that mature domains harbor their own independent targeting signals (mature domain targeting signals [MTSs]). These are multiple, degenerate, interchangeable, linear or 3D hydrophobic stretches that become available because of the unstructured states of targeting-competent preproteins. Their receptor site on the cytoplasmic face of the SecYEG-bound SecA is also of hydrophobic nature and is located adjacent to the signal peptide cleft. Both the preprotein MTSs and their receptor site on SecA are essential for protein secretion. Evidently, mature domains have their own previously unsuspected distinct roles in preprotein targeting and secretion.
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Gould, S. G., G. A. Keller, and S. Subramani. "Identification of a peroxisomal targeting signal at the carboxy terminus of firefly luciferase." Journal of Cell Biology 105, no. 6 (1987): 2923–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.105.6.2923.

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Translocation of proteins across membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrion, and chloroplast has been shown to be mediated by targeting signals present in the transported proteins. To test whether the transport of proteins into peroxisomes is also mediated by a peptide targeting signal, we have studied the firefly luciferase gene that encodes a protein transported to peroxisomes in both insect and mammalian cells. We have identified two regions of luciferase which are necessary for transport of this protein into peroxisomes. We demonstrate that one of these, region II, represents a peroxisomal targeting signal because it is both necessary and sufficient for directing cytosolic proteins to peroxisomes. The signal is no more than twelve amino acids long and is located at the extreme carboxy-terminus of luciferase. The location of the targeting signal for translocation across the peroxisomal membrane therefore differs from the predominantly amino-terminal location of signals responsible for transport across the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum, chloroplast, or mitochondrion.
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Ellis, S. R., A. K. Hopper, and N. C. Martin. "Amino-terminal extension generated from an upstream AUG codon increases the efficiency of mitochondrial import of yeast N2,N2-dimethylguanosine-specific tRNA methyltransferases." Molecular and Cellular Biology 9, no. 4 (1989): 1611–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.9.4.1611-1620.1989.

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Fusions between the TRM1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and COXIV or DHFR were made to examine the mitochondrial targeting signals of N2,N2-dimethylguanosine-specific tRNA methyltransferase [tRNA (m2(2)G)dimethyltransferase]. This enzyme is responsible for the modification of both mitochondrial and cytoplasmic tRNAs. We have previously shown that two forms of the enzyme are translated from two in-frame ATGs in this gene, that they differ by a 16-amino-acid amino-terminal extension, and that both the long and short forms are imported into mitochondria. Results of studies to test the ability of various TRM1 sequences to serve as surrogate mitochondrial targeting signals for passenger protein import in vitro and in vivo showed that the most efficient signal derived from tRNA (m2(2)G)dimethyltransferase included a combination of sequences from both the amino-terminal extension and the amino terminus of the shorter form of the enzyme. The amino-terminal extension itself did not serve as an independent mitochondrial targeting signal, whereas the amino terminus of the shorter form of tRNA (m2(2)G)dimethyltransferase did function in this regard, albeit inefficiently. We analyzed the first 48 amino acids of tRNA (m2(2)G)dimethyltransferase for elements of primary and secondary structure shared with other known mitochondrial targeting signals. The results lead us to propose that the most efficient signal spans the area around the second ATG of TRM1 and is consistent with the idea that there is a mitochondrial targeting signal present at the amino terminus of the shorter form of the enzyme and that the amino-terminal extension augments this signal by extending it to form a larger, more efficient mitochondrial targeting signal.
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Ellis, S. R., A. K. Hopper, and N. C. Martin. "Amino-terminal extension generated from an upstream AUG codon increases the efficiency of mitochondrial import of yeast N2,N2-dimethylguanosine-specific tRNA methyltransferases." Molecular and Cellular Biology 9, no. 4 (1989): 1611–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.9.4.1611.

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Fusions between the TRM1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and COXIV or DHFR were made to examine the mitochondrial targeting signals of N2,N2-dimethylguanosine-specific tRNA methyltransferase [tRNA (m2(2)G)dimethyltransferase]. This enzyme is responsible for the modification of both mitochondrial and cytoplasmic tRNAs. We have previously shown that two forms of the enzyme are translated from two in-frame ATGs in this gene, that they differ by a 16-amino-acid amino-terminal extension, and that both the long and short forms are imported into mitochondria. Results of studies to test the ability of various TRM1 sequences to serve as surrogate mitochondrial targeting signals for passenger protein import in vitro and in vivo showed that the most efficient signal derived from tRNA (m2(2)G)dimethyltransferase included a combination of sequences from both the amino-terminal extension and the amino terminus of the shorter form of the enzyme. The amino-terminal extension itself did not serve as an independent mitochondrial targeting signal, whereas the amino terminus of the shorter form of tRNA (m2(2)G)dimethyltransferase did function in this regard, albeit inefficiently. We analyzed the first 48 amino acids of tRNA (m2(2)G)dimethyltransferase for elements of primary and secondary structure shared with other known mitochondrial targeting signals. The results lead us to propose that the most efficient signal spans the area around the second ATG of TRM1 and is consistent with the idea that there is a mitochondrial targeting signal present at the amino terminus of the shorter form of the enzyme and that the amino-terminal extension augments this signal by extending it to form a larger, more efficient mitochondrial targeting signal.
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Liu, Xingyi. "De-targeting to signal quality." International Journal of Research in Marketing 37, no. 2 (2020): 386–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijresmar.2019.10.003.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Targeting signal"

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Pireddu, Roberta. "New anticancer drugs : targeting tubulin and signal transduction pathways." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2007. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54618/.

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The main aim of the study described in this thesis is the development of new anticancer agents. The first chapter is a general introduction to cancer, and the development of chemotherapy anticancer agents during the course of the years. The following four chapters briefly introduce the biological targets in the authors study. Chapter Two describes a general introduction to tubulin and microtubules as anticancer targets. A discussion of those compounds most relevant to this thesis is provided. Chapter Three describes Signal Transducers and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) proteins, their role in cancer and the advances in the search of anticancer agent inhibitors of the STAT3 signalling pathway. Chapter Four focuses on the src homology 2 (SH2) domain containing tyrosine phosphatases SHP-2, a protein-tyrosine phosphatase implicated in pathogenesis of cancer and other human diseases. A brief discussion of the SHP-2 inhibitors is provided. Chapter Five describes the role of proteins Aurora kinases in cancer, promising targets for anticancer drug development, and the advances in the search of their inhibitors targeting the kinase activity at the ATP binding site. The following chapters (6-11) describe the authors own findings. Chapter six focuses on the design and synthesis and biological evaluation of novel styrylchromones, styrylquinazolones, and quinazolones as inhibitors of tubulin polymerization. Styrylchromones Styrylquinazolones Quinazolones Two series of isomeric styrylchromones were initially synthesized in order to establish the methoxy substitution pattern on the A ring favorable for optimal activity. The structure activity relationship on the B ring is also reported. Next, our strategy focused on identifying a chromone core replacement with improved potency. We directed our chemical efforts toward the synthesis of novel styrylquinazoline analogs. The quinazoline core would also provide easy access to the preparation of diverse sets of N-substituted derivatives (methyl and ethyl derivatives). Finally, a novel series of quinazolines were synthesized as conformationally-restricted analogs of chalcones. SAR was conducted around the quinazoline spacer between the aryl rings and systematically investigating the substituent effect in the B ring. Among the synthesized compounds we selected those analogues showing significant cytotoxicity (generally defined as IC50 value < 1.5 uM), and evaluated for activity in vitro tubulin polymerization inhibition assay. Chapter Seven focused on the identification of novel inhibitors of STAT3 dimerization. Computational analyses led us to the development of a T-shape model of molecules that can >2 occupy the pTyr-binding pocket of STAT3 SH2 domain. The rN"s' conjugate addition of nitromethane to a series of amides and the l/ J reduction of the nitro group were combined to give an easy route to onh j. the target T-shape molecules in a combinatorial fashion. The ksJJ methodology was also extended to amides activated by a nitro group. co2r observed a dramatic change in the course of the reaction, which Scaffold of T-shape molecules afforded a mixture of unexpected and unknown products, that each possessed an additional methylene group. A brief study into the mechanism was also conducted. Chapter Eight, Nine and Ten focuss on the development of Aurora kinases and SHP-2 inhibitors. Oxindole derivatives HL10581 and NSC117199 emerged as lead compounds from a high throughput screen for Aurora-A and SHP-2, respectively. f f Chapter Eight describes the synthesis of n-nfh Cl nnhN 2 several derivatives of HL10581 and H03SYYLo H03SYr>o NSC117199, directed to exploration of h h SAR around the oxindole moiety to HLiow.AAKfci-SMM nscii7,99,shp-2,,c5047 mM determine the structural features that are responsible for the activity. Chapters nine and ten report the biological evaluation of oxindole derivatives as inhibitors SHP-2 and Aurora kinases, respectively.
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Ramamoorthy, Divya. "Synthesis of small molecule inhibitors targeting signal transduction pathways." Scholar Commons, 2009. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/2160.

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The main aim of the study described in this thesis is the development of small molecules as inhibitors targeting signal transduction pathways, thereby treating cancer. We attempted to synthesize compounds based on the hits obtained from high throughput screening of the Chemdiv diversity set compounds. Chapter One is a general introduction to cancer, history of chemotherapeutic drugs and an introduction to signal transduction pathways. The following two chapters briefly introduce the biological targets in the authors study. Chapter Two describes the role of B-cell lymphoma type xL (Bcl-xL), in apoptosis and the development of drugs targeting Bcl-xL. Examples of Bcl-xL drugs relevant to this study have been provided. Chapter Three introduces Src homology 2 (SH2) domain containing tyrosine phosphatase Shp2, a protein tyrosine phosphatase, as an oncogene, its role in signal transduction pathways and the recent developments in drug development towards the inhibition of this oncogene. Chapter Four gives a general introduction to microwave-assisted organic synthesis and its advantages. This chapter also describes the use of flow reactors in organic synthesis and its advantages. The following two chapters describe the author's own findings. Chapter Five focuses on the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of small molecules as inhibitors of Bcl-xL. Isoquinolinols, NSC-131734 and HL2-100 emerged as lead compounds from high throughput screening for Bcl-xL. Our strategy focused on identifying an isoquinolinol lead with increased potency. Based on isatin hits obtained earlier through HTS screen and SAR studies in our lab, more isatin derivatives were synthesized focusing on developing inhibitors with increased cell permeability and improved potency.
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Bull, Fiona A. "Targeting opioid receptor signal transduction to produce sustained analgesia." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2015. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/3e42e620-7115-4f45-9100-91c422fce812.

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Mu opioid receptors (MOPs) in the pain pathway contribute to morphine analgesia. Morphine also stimulates reward/reinforcement through disinhibition of dopaminergic (DA) neurones in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), an effect implicated in its abuse and dependence. We hope to develop approaches to achieve sustained analgesia without affecting reward by exploiting differential MOP signalling mechanisms in the pain and reward pathways. MOPs, delta opioid receptors (DOPs) and β-arrestin2 (BAR2) are all necessary components of the signalling complex in nociceptive neurones for morphine analgesic tolerance; c-Src (a tyrosine kinase), thought to couple to MOP receptors through BAR2 has also been implicated. To investigate opioid receptor signalling in response to morphine we used a variety of different techniques that included behavioural measures of nociception, reinforcement and locomotion and electrophysiological methods to study DRG neurones from the pain pathway and brain slices containing VTA neurones. This study in mice confirms that morphine administered subcutaneously (SC) causes analgesia, analgesic tolerance, and has psychomotor effects leading to enhanced locomotion and reinforcement. In VTA neurones morphine and the selective MOP receptor agonist DAMGO caused concentration-dependent inhibition of the frequency of IPSCs. All these actions of morphine were absent from MOP-/- mice. Morphine exhibited reduced potency as 1) an analgesic, 2) stimulator of locomotion, 3) a reinforcer in CPP and 4) an inhibitor of sIPSC frequency, when applied to MOP+/- mice or their VTA neurones. Morphine analgesic tolerance developed faster and to a greater extent in MOP+/- mice than in WT mice. DOP-/- mice exhibited morphine analgesia with less tolerance, as did BAR2-/- mice. BAR2-/- mice also exhibited reduced morphine locomotion and an increased sensitivity to morphine reinforcement. Morphine tolerance was absent from BAR2-/-//DOP-/- mice. The inhibition of sIPSC frequency by morphine was reduced in BAR2+/- and BAR2-/- VTA neurones. Dasatinib and PP2 (c-Src tyrosine kinase inhibitors) prevented the development of morphine tolerance in WT and MOP+/- mice and dasatinib caused its reversal in the latter. The drugs had no significant analgesic effect alone. Dasatinib did not affect morphine preference or locomotor activation. PP2 reduced morphine’s inhibition of sIPSC frequency. As c-Src inhibition does not appear to alter the psychomotor effects produced by morphine and it acts to reduce morphine analgesic tolerance. We believe that cSrc is an attractive target to prevent the development of morphine analgesic tolerance without affecting hedonic homeostasis.
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Faoro, Camilla. "The Signal Recognition Particle: noncanonical functions and drug discovery." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/20168.

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The Signal Recognition Particle (SRP) is an essential ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for co-translational delivery of membrane and secretory proteins to the plasma membrane in prokaryotes and to the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes. In Eubacteria, SRP consists of the GTPase Ffh and the small 4.5S RNA; in eukaryotes, the system is more complex and SRP comprises six proteins (the heterodimer SRP 9/14, SRP 19, SRP 54, and the heterodimer SRP 68/72) along with a large RNA moiety, the 7SL RNA. SRP has been reported to be involved in many cellular processes outside the SRP-targeting cycle. Two layers of the SRP interactome, the SRP proteome and SRP transcriptome, were analysed by LC-MS/MS and RIP-seq, respectively. The majority of identified RNA and protein targets of the SRP subunits have nucleic-acid, chromatin and protein-binding functions and are involved in ribonucleoprotein particles (RNPs) formation, RNA processing and protein transport. Confocal microscopy studies showed that SRP subunits localizes in a dynamic manner during the cell cycle, indicating a spatial-temporal regulation of SRP-binding partners. Truncations or mutations on any of the bacterial components of the SRP system have proven to be either lethal or severely impact cell viability. Here, we propose the bacterial SRP and its interactions with the cognate SRP receptor, FtsY, as an ideal target for the development of novel antibiotics. Using a Fragment-Based Drug Design approach we have identified three fragments from a commercial library that bind to FtsY. We have crystallized FtsY in an Apo form and soaked GTP analogues as well as the three fragments and analogues and determined their X-ray crystal structures at resolution ranging from 1.221.9 Å. Despite the low affinity of the compounds, we were able to identify unambiguously their binding site and show that soaking of fragments, even at low affinity, is possible to aid in our drug discovery project.
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Lombardi, Zoe. "Optimization of Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) targeting in melanoma." Doctoral thesis, Università di Siena, 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/11365/1227476.

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Melanoma is the deadliest skin cancer with a very poor prognosis in advanced stages. Although targeted and immune therapies have improved survival, not all patients benefit from these treatments. It has been reported that the mitogen-activated protein kinase ERK5 is consistently express in human melanoma and supports melanoma cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. However, ERK5 inhibition results in cell-cycle arrest rather than appreciable apoptosis. To clarify the role of ERK5 in melanoma growth, we performed transcriptomic analyses following ERK5 knockdown in melanoma cells expressing BRAFV600E and found that cellular senescence was among the most affected processes. In melanoma cells expressing either wild-type or mutant (V600E) BRAF, both genetic and pharmacologic inhibition of ERK5 elicited cellular senescence, as observed by a marked increase in senescence-associated b-galactosidase activity and p21 expression. In addition, depletion of ERK5 from melanoma cells resulted in increased levels of CXCL1, CXCL8, and CCL20, proteins typically involved in the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Knockdown of p21 suppressed the induction of cellular senescence by ERK5 blockade, pointing to p21 as a key mediator of this process. In vivo, ERK5 knockdown or inhibition with XMD8-92 in melanoma xenografts promoted cellular senescence. Based on these results, small-molecule compounds targeting ERK5 constitute a rational series of prosenescence drugs that may be exploited for melanoma treatment. ERK5 pro-proliferative activities are linked to its presence in the nucleus, but the mechanisms involved in ERK5 nuclear translocation are poorly characterized. We focused on the elucidation of this process to found novel targets and compounds able to prevent ERK5 nuclear shuttling, in order to design new strategies for cancer treatment. To achieve single ERK5 tracking in living cells, we used a Super-Resolution microscope. HeLa cells have been transfected with an expression vector for ERK5, linked to HaloTag, alone or with a vector for a constitutively active form of the ERK5 activator MEK5 (MEK5DD). The cell-permeable photoactivatable chromophore JaneliaFluor646, able to recognise Halo Tag, has been used as detection technique for super resolution imaging. As a complementary approach, HeLa cells, transfected with ERK5 and MEK5DD, have been treated with the alpha/beta importin-mediated transport inhibitor Ivermectin (IVM). MTT and 2D-colony forming assays were performed in A375 cells treated with IVM in combination with the ERK5-i AX-15836. The HaloTag technology provides the JaneliaFluor646 selective binding to ERK5 and Highly Inclined and Laminated Optical sheet (HILO) microscopy allow us to collect the signal of individual chromophores. Data showed that in ERK5-transfected cells, the protein is mainly localized in the cytoplasm, whereas it moves in the nucleus with the activator MEK5DD and this effect is partially reverted in cells treated with IVM. Moreover, ERK5 amount in the nuclear fraction of lysates from IVM treated-cells is lower compared to control, suggesting a role of alpha/beta importins in ERK5 nuclear transport. Finally, we found that ERK5i AX-15836, which has been reported to induce ERK5 nuclear translocation in a paradoxical way, reduced melanoma cell proliferation only in combination with IVM. The HaloTag-JaneliaFluor646 method has proven effective for the localization and tracking of single ERK5 molecules with nanometre accuracy, thus providing a novel approach to evaluate how ERK5 moves to the nucleus. The described technique will also help future studies to investigate the mechanism of action of ERK5 in the nucleus. The actors involved in these processes could be identify as novel targets for ERK5 inhibition, and therefore for a possible anticancer therapy.
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Mitsopoulos, Konstantinos. "The assembly of type III membrane proteins in Escherichia coli." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310262.

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Skoulding, Nicola Stephanie. "Determining the specificity of peroxisomal targeting signal 1 variants in Arabidopsis thaliana." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.549763.

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Peroxisomes are ubiquitous organelles found in most eukaryotic organisms and are involved in ~-oxidation of fatty acids and the degradation of hydrogen peroxide. They contain no DNA thus all proteins required fo: their functions are identified and imported via a peroxisomal targeting signal (PTS). PTS1, a C-terminal tripeptide approximating the consensus sequence -Ser-Lys-Leu-COO·, is recognized by the tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domains of PEX5, a cytosolic receptor that cycles between the cytoplasm and the peroxisome. To gain insight into the thermodynamics of PTS1 binding specificity, a fluorescence- based binding assay that enables the quantification of inhibition constants for PTS1- containing peptide complexes with the full length and TPR region of Arabidopsis thaliana PEX5 was used. A library of PTS1 penta-peptides based on the reference sequence YQSKL and deca-peptides based on the reference sequence, VAKTIRPSRV, were synthesised, tested and found to have a Kj between 160 nM to> 100000 nM with only a small difference observed in affinity between the truncated and full length A. thaliana proteins. Circular dichroism studies showed that the TPR domain of AtPEX5 is 60% alpha helical and that this is the only region of the full length AtPEX5 protein that contains secondary structure, independent of the presence of a PTS1. Binding of the PTS1 by the TPR domain was diminished at pH < 6 however secondary structure was still maintained at pH 6 but lost at pH 5. Finally surface plasmon resonance assays using the immobilised peptides YQSKL, VAKTIRPSRL, VAKTIRQSRL and VAKTIRPRSV showed that the binding response of truncated and full length AtPEX5 to the PTS1 is doubly sigmodial in nature and that full length AtPEX5 has a significantly slower kOffthan the TPR domain alone. Overall the results show that PTS1 sequences which target in vivo may not have affinity for AtPEX5 in vitro, showing a difference between the two techniques. Additionally these results show that the mechanism of binding between AtPEX5 and the PTS1 may not simply be 1:1 but involve the formation of higher order multimeric of complexes of AtPEX5-PTS1.
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Gatto, Gregory Joseph. "Peroxisomal targeting signal-1 recognition by the TPR domains of human Pex5p." Available to US Hopkins community, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/dlnow/3080661.

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Almarzouki, Amina. "Approaches to incorporate a nuclear targeting signal into non-viral gene delivery systems." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.421483.

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Jiang, Xiaohua, and 蔣曉華. "Targeting cell signaling pathway in treatment of gastric cancer by chemotherapeutic agents." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31244282.

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The Best PhD Thesis in the Faculties of Dentistry, Engineering, Medicine and Science (University of Hong Kong), Li Ka Shing Prize,2001-2003<br>published_or_final_version<br>Medicine<br>Doctoral<br>Doctor of Philosophy
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Books on the topic "Targeting signal"

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Kumar, Rakesh, ed. Molecular Targeting and Signal Transduction. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b105352.

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D, Kumar Rakesh Ph, ed. Molecular targeting and signal transduction. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2004.

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D, Kumar Rakesh Ph, ed. Molecular targeting and signal transduction. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2004.

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Kahn, Michael. Targeting the Wnt pathway in cancer. Springer, 2011.

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Rakesh, Kumar. Nuclear signaling pathways and targeting transcription in cancer. Humana Press, 2014.

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H, Stenmark, ed. Phosphoinositides in subcellular targeting and enzyme activation. Springer, 2004.

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Ayyanathan, Kasirajan. Cancer cell signaling: Targeting signaling pathways toward therapeutic approaches to cancer. Apple Academic Press, 2014.

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1953-, Marasco Wayne A., ed. Intrabodies: Basic research and clinical gene therapy applications. Landes Bioscience, 1998.

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service), ScienceDirect (Online, ed. Tissue-specific vascular endothelial signals and vector targeting. Elsevier, 2009.

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Kumar, Rakesh. Molecular Targeting and Signal Transduction. Springer, 2013.

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Book chapters on the topic "Targeting signal"

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Li, Li. "Active Targeting: Mitochondria-Targeting Signal Peptides." In Functional Lipid Nanosystems in Cancer. Jenny Stanford Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003056997-18.

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Nakajima, Masao, and Koji Tamada. "Cancer Immunotherapy Targeting Co-signal Molecules." In Co-signal Molecules in T Cell Activation. Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9717-3_11.

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Mattson, Mark P. "Neuroprotective Strategies Based on Targeting of Postreceptor Signaling Events." In Neuroprotective Signal Transduction. Humana Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-475-7_16.

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Marks, Friedrich, Ursula Klingmüller, and Karin Müller-Decker. "Signal Transduction by Small G-Proteins: The Art of Molecular Targeting." In Cellular Signal Processing. Garland Science, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315165479-10.

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Sandra, Alex, Wouter van’t Hof, Ida van Genderen, and Gerrit van Meer. "Lipid Synthesis and Targeting to the Mammalian Cell Surface." In Phospholipids and Signal Transmission. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-02922-0_2.

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Figura, K., A. Hille-Rehfeld, L. Lehmann, C. Peters, and V. Prill. "Signal-Mediated Targeting of Lysosomal Membrane Glycoproteins." In Glyco-and Cellbiology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78729-4_4.

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Chrispeels, Maarten J., Craig D. Dickinson, Brian W. Tague, Dale C. Hunt, and Antje von Schaewen. "Defining the Vacuolar Targeting Signal of Phytohemagglutinin." In Plant Molecular Biology 2. Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3304-7_56.

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Westwood, Olwyn, and Brian Austen. "Cross-Linking Signal Sequences to Components of Yeast Microsomes." In Protein Synthesis and Targeting in Yeast. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84921-3_29.

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Müller, Gerhard. "Peptidomimetic SH2 Domain Antagonists for Targeting Signal Transduction." In Topics in Current Chemistry. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45035-1_2.

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Resh, Marilyn D. "Membrane Targeting of Lipid Modified Signal Transduction Proteins." In Membrane Dynamics and Domains. Springer US, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5806-1_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Targeting signal"

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Zhan, Renyi, Zhi-Qi Cheng, Junyao Chen, and Xiaojiang Peng. "DeformAvatar: Point-Based Human Avatar Re-targeting and Rendering." In ICASSP 2025 - 2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP). IEEE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp49660.2025.10888685.

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Mura, Monica La, Patrizia Lamberti, Alessandro Stuart Savoia, Roberto Alesii, Dajana Cassioli, and Vincenzo Tucci. "Joint Sensing and Communication with Graphene FETs Targeting Terahertz Band." In 2024 14th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/csndsp60683.2024.10636634.

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Lv, Lijia, Weigang Zhang, Xuehai Tang, et al. "AdaPPA: Adaptive Position Pre-Fill Jailbreak Attack Approach Targeting LLMs." In ICASSP 2025 - 2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP). IEEE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp49660.2025.10890715.

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Marinelli, Luca, and Charalampos Saitis. "Explainable Modeling of Gender-Targeting Practices in Toy Advertising Sound and Music." In 2024 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing Workshops (ICASSPW). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icasspw62465.2024.10669900.

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Chen, Mengyao, Pengyan Yan, Lin Han, Haoran Li, and Cuixia Wang. "Research on optimization techniques for thread-level parallelism implementation targeting the GCC compiler." In Fifth International Conference on Signal Processing and Computer Science (SPCS 2024), edited by Haiquan Zhao and Lei Chen. SPIE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3054338.

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Chao, Xing, Zihao Song, Ning Zhu, and Weitian Wang. "Infrared Laser Spectroscopy for Reactive Flow Sensing." In Laser Applications to Chemical, Security and Environmental Analysis. Optica Publishing Group, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1364/lacsea.2024.lm2d.1.

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Infrared laser spectroscopy enables fast, in-situ, and quantitative gas sensing. We report our recent advancements in investigation of molecular vibrational energy transfers, high-resolution spectroscopy methods, and efficient spectral signal processing technologies, targeting reactive flow sensing.
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Sayuti, Tiara Natasha Binte, Wang Conghao, and Jagath C. Rajapakse. "Generating Apoptosis-Inducing Anticancer Peptides Targeting BCL-xL Using Latent Diffusion Models on Small Datasets." In ICASSP 2025 - 2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP). IEEE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp49660.2025.10888225.

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Akhtar, Muhammad Tahir. "On Developing a Robust Filtered-Reference RLS Algorithm and its Application for ANC Systems Targeting Impulsive Noise Sources." In 2024 IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Communications, Computers and Signal Processing (PACRIM). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pacrim61180.2024.10690185.

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Therien, Aidan, Arielle Joasil, and Christine P. Hendon. "Cardiac Substrate Classification of Human Venoatrial Junction OCT Images." In CLEO: Applications and Technology. Optica Publishing Group, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_at.2024.ath3b.6.

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Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia in the United States. Radiofrequency ablation is a procedure during which lesions are placed within the left atrium to prevent these signals from conducting. Correctly targeting the substrate is a critical aspect of this procedure; however, there is no real-time guidance during this procedure. This research investigates the use of optical coherence tomography-guided feedback by classifying patches from images of the venoatrial junction.
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Ngo, Nguyen H., Weijie Gao, Mingxiang Li, et al. "3D-printed Packaging for Terahertz Silicon Waveguides." In JSAP-Optica Joint Symposia. Optica Publishing Group, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1364/jsapo.2024.18p_b2_12.

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In recent years, the rapid development of terahertz (THz) devices has necessitated the utilization of waveguides for coupling signals to the devices under test. Metallic hollow waveguides have been widely adopted for coupling purposes owing to their high coupling efficiency and compatibility with the equipment. As the frequency approaches 300 GHz and higher, the hollow core’s size shrinks to less than 1 mm, complicating micromachining and gold plating processes and leading to high fabrication costs. With the advancement of additive manufacturing technology, 3D-printed metallic waveguides have been developed with high accuracy and high coupling efficiency [1]. Nevertheless, the optimization of post-process for metallization is required, and hence, increases the finishing complexity. All-dielectric waveguides are featured for their low loss, low dispersion, and flexible design [2,3]. A drawback of this waveguide is the requirement of supporting frames. To address these problems, we propose non–metallic 3D-printed packages for all-silicon waveguides, targeting the WR-3.4 band (220–330 GHz).
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Reports on the topic "Targeting signal"

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Kern, Francis G. Novel Inhibitors of FGF Signal transduction in Breast Cancer: Targeting the FGFR Adapter Protein SNT-1. Defense Technical Information Center, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada426436.

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Lo, Hui-Wen. Targeting Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription-3 (Stat3) As a Novel Strategy In Sensitizing Breast Cancer To Egfr-Targeted Therapy. Defense Technical Information Center, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada487464.

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Lo, Hui-Wen. Targeting Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription-3 (STAT3) as a Novel Strategy in Sensitizing Breast Cancer to EGFR-Targeted Therapy. Defense Technical Information Center, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada509136.

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Kapulnik, Yoram, Maria J. Harrison, Hinanit Koltai, and Joseph Hershenhorn. Targeting of Strigolacatones Associated Pathways for Conferring Orobanche Resistant Traits in Tomato and Medicago. United States Department of Agriculture, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7593399.bard.

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This proposal is focused on examination of two plant interactions: parasitic with Orobanche, and symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF), and the involvement of a newly define plant hormones, strigolactones (SLs), in these plant interactions. In addition to strigolactones role in regulation of above-ground plant architecture, they are also known to be secreted from roots, and to be a signal for seed germination of the parasitic plants Orobanche. Moreover, secreted strigolactones were recognized as inducers of AMFhyphae branching. The present work was aimed at Generation of RNAi mutants of both tomato and Medicago, targeting multiple genes that may be involved in strigolactone production, carotenoid biosynthesis pathway, Pi signaling or other metabolic pathways, and hence affect AMF colonization and/or Orobanche resistance. Following the newly formed and existing RNAi mutants were examined for AMF colonization and Orobanche resistance. At the first phase of this project Orobanche seed germination assays and AMF colonization were examined in intact plants. These assays were shown to be effective and resulted with enhancement of Orobanche seed germination and AMF colonization in WT tomato plants, whereas roots of strigolactones impaired lines did not result with Orobanche seed germination and mycorrhiza colonization. Unexpectedly, root organ cultures (ROC) that were produced from the same wild type (WT) and mutant lines did not induce the Orobanche seed germination and AMFhyphal branching. This implies that under in vitro conditions ROC cultures are missing an important component for induction of Orobanche seed germination and AMFhyphal branching. In another line of experiments we have tested transgenic lines of Medicagotruncatula for AMFhuyphal branching and Orobanche seed germination assays. These lines included lines silenced for a GRAS transcription factor (RNAi 1845), an NBS-LRR type resistance gene (RNAi 1847), a kinase (RNAi 2403) and a protein of unknown function (RNAi 2417). In all cases, five independent transgenic root lines showed altered AMFphenotypes with reduced or aberrant colonization patterns. Following, we transformed tomato plants with the M. truncatulaTC 127050 PhosphoinositidekinaseRNAi construct. Transgenic lines that contained GUS constructs were used as control. All transgenic lines showed reduced level of Orobanche seed germination, masking any strigoalctones-specific effect. The research demonstrated that SLs production may not be examined in ROC –based bioassays. It was shown by the 3 independent assays employed in this project that none of the recognized characters of SLs may be reflected in these bioassays. However, when the whole plant root exudates were examined, SLs activity in root exudates was demonstrated. Hence, it can be concluded that the presence of an intact shoot, and possibly, shoot factors, may be necessary for production of SLs in roots. Another point of interest that rises from these results is that the presence of SLs is not necessary for AMF completion of life cycle. Hence, it may be concluded that SLs are important for AMFhyphal branching, before symbiosis, but not essential for AMF colonization and life cycle completion under ROC system conditions.
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Zou, Chenghui, Weng Zhang, Mao Li, Dan He, Yujie Han, and Mao Lu. A meta-analysis of association between CCL5、CCL11、CCL17 polymorphisms and AD. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.11.0148.

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Review question / Objective: At present, many studies on the association between CCL5、CCL11、CCL17 polymorphisms and atopic dermatitis（AD）are inconsistent. We conducted this meta-analysis of Case control trial to evaluate the association between CCL5、CCL11、CCL17 polymorphisms and atopic dermatitis（AD). Condition being studied: Since the discovery of cytokines, and in particular the role of chemokines in the progression of AD, many clinical studies have been carried out around the world to explore the association of AD with chemokine polymorphism. However, the quality, type and conclusions of studies on the correlation between chemokine polymorphism and AD are inconsistent. Foreign studies have shown that chemokine polymorphism is statistically significant in relation to AD. Studies by Menzies-Gow A et al have shown that a new therapeutic strategy targeting to block CCL11 signal has been proven to significantly improve patients with moderate to severe AD. However, some foreign studies have also reported that chemokine polymorphism is unrelated to AD.
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Yalovsky, Shaul, and Julian Schroeder. The function of protein farnesylation in early events of ABA signal transduction in stomatal guard cells of Arabidopsis. United States Department of Agriculture, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7695873.bard.

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Loss of function mutations in the farnesyltransferase β subunit gene ERA1 (enhanced response to abscisic acid), cause abscisic acid hypersensitivity in seedlings and in guard cells. This results in slowed water loss of plants in response to drought. Farnesyltransferase (PFT) catalyses the attachment of the 15-carbon isoprenoid farnesyl to conserved cysteine residues located in a conserved C-terminal domain designated CaaX box. PFT is a heterodimeric protein comprised of an a and b sununits. The a subunit is shared between PFT and geranylgeranyltransferase-I (PGGTI) which catalyses the attachemt of the 20-carbon isoprenoid geranylgeranyl to CaaX box proteins in which the last amino acid is almost always leucine and in addition have a polybasic domain proximal to the CaaL box. Preliminary data presented in the proposal showed that increased cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration in stomal guard cells in response to non-inductive ABA treatements. The goals set in the proposal were to characterize better how PFT (ERA1) affects ABA induced Ca2+ concentrations in guard cells and to identify putative CaaX box proteins which function as negative regulators of ABA signaling and which function is compromised in era1 mutant plants. To achieve these goals we proposed to use camelion Ca2+ sensor protein, high throughput genomic to identify the guard cell transcriptome and test prenylation of candidate proteins. We also proposed to focus our efforts of RAC small GTPases which are prenylated proteins which function in signaling. Our results show that farnesyltransferaseprenylates protein/s that act between the points of ABA perception and the activation of plasma membrane calcium influx channels. A RAC protein designated AtRAC8/AtRop10 also acts in negative regulation of ABA signaling. However, we discovered that this protein is palmitoylated and not prenylated although it contains a C-terminal CXXX motif. We further discovered a unique C-terminal sequence motif required for membrane targeting of palmitoylatedRACs and showed that their function is prenylation independent. A GC/MS based method for expression in plants, purification and analysis of prenyl group was developed. This method would allow highly reliable identification of prenylated protein. Mutants in the shared α subunit of PFT and PGGT-I was identified and characterized and was shown to be ABA hypersensitive but less than era1. This suggested that PFT and PGGT-I have opposing functions in ABA signaling. Our results enhanced the understanding of the role of protein prenylation in ABA signaling and drought resistance in plants with the implications of developing drought resistant plants. The results of our studies were published 4 papers which acknowledge support from BARD.
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Epel, Bernard L., Roger N. Beachy, A. Katz, et al. Isolation and Characterization of Plasmodesmata Components by Association with Tobacco Mosaic Virus Movement Proteins Fused with the Green Fluorescent Protein from Aequorea victoria. United States Department of Agriculture, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1999.7573996.bard.

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The coordination and regulation of growth and development in multicellular organisms is dependent, in part, on the controlled short and long-distance transport of signaling molecule: In plants, symplastic communication is provided by trans-wall co-axial membranous tunnels termed plasmodesmata (Pd). Plant viruses spread cell-to-cell by altering Pd. This movement scenario necessitates a targeting mechanism that delivers the virus to a Pd and a transport mechanism to move the virion or viral nucleic acid through the Pd channel. The identity of host proteins with which MP interacts, the mechanism of the targeting of the MP to the Pd and biochemical information on how Pd are alter are questions which have been dealt with during this BARD project. The research objectives of the two labs were to continue their biochemical, cellular and molecular studies of Pd composition and function by employing infectious modified clones of TMV in which MP is fused with GFP. We examined Pd composition, and studied the intra- and intercellular targeting mechanism of MP during the infection cycle. Most of the goals we set for ourselves were met. The Israeli PI and collaborators (Oparka et al., 1999) demonstrated that Pd permeability is under developmental control, that Pd in sink tissues indiscriminately traffic proteins of sizes of up to 50 kDa and that during the sink to source transition there is a substantial decrease in Pd permeability. It was shown that companion cells in source phloem tissue export proteins which traffic in phloem and which unload in sink tissue and move cell to cell. The TAU group employing MP:GFP as a fluorescence probe for optimized the procedure for Pd isolation. At least two proteins kinases found to be associated with Pd isolated from source leaves of N. benthamiana, one being a calcium dependent protein kinase. A number of proteins were microsequenced and identified. Polyclonal antibodies were generated against proteins in a purified Pd fraction. A T-7 phage display library was created and used to "biopan" for Pd genes using these antibodies. Selected isolates are being sequenced. The TAU group also examined whether the subcellular targeting of MP:GFP was dependent on processes that occurred only in the presence of the virus or whether targeting was a property indigenous to MP. Mutant non-functional movement proteins were also employed to study partial reactions. Subcellular targeting and movement were shown to be properties indigenous to MP and that these processes do not require other viral elements. The data also suggest post-translational modification of MP is required before the MP can move cell to cell. The USA group monitored the development of the infection and local movement of TMV in N. benthamiana, using viral constructs expressing GFP either fused to the MP of TMV or expressing GFP as a free protein. The fusion protein and/or the free GFP were expressed from either the movement protein subgenomic promoter or from the subgenomic promoter of the coat protein. Observations supported the hypothesis that expression from the cp sgp is regulated differently than expression from the mp sgp (Szecsi et al., 1999). Using immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy, it was determined that paired wall-appressed bodies behind the leading edge of the fluorescent ring induced by TMV-(mp)-MP:GFP contain MP:GFP and the viral replicase. These data suggest that viral spread may be a consequence of the replication process. Observation point out that expression of proteins from the mp sgp is temporary regulated, and degradation of the proteins occurs rapidly or more slowly, depending on protein stability. It is suggested that the MP contains an external degradation signal that contributes to rapid degradation of the protein even if expressed from the constitutive cp sgp. Experiments conducted to determine whether the degradation of GFP and MP:GFP was regulated at the protein or RNA level, indicated that regulation was at the protein level. RNA accumulation in infected protoplast was not always in correlation with protein accumulation, indicating that other mechanisms together with RNA production determine the final intensity and stability of the fluorescent proteins.
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Steffens, John C., and Eithan Harel. Polyphenol Oxidases- Expression, Assembly and Function. United States Department of Agriculture, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7571358.bard.

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Polyphenol oxidases (PPOs) participate in the preparation of many plant products on the one hand and cause considerable losses during processing of plant products on the other hand. However, the physiological functions of plant PPO were still a subject of controversy at the onset of the project. Preliminary observations that suggested involvement of PPOs in resistance to herbivores and pathogens held great promise for application in agriculture but required elucidation of PPO's function if modulation of PPO expression is to be considered for improving plant protection or storage and processing of plant products. Suggestions on a possible role of PPO in various aspects of chloroplast metabolism were also relevant in this context. The characterization of plant PPO genes opened a way for achieving these goals. We reasoned that "understanding PPO targeting and routing, designing ways to manipulate its expression and assessing the effects of such modifications will enable determination of the true properties of the enzyme and open the way for controlling its activity". The objective of the project was to "obtain an insight into the function and biological significance of PPOs" by examining possible function(s) of PPO in photosynthesis and plant-pest interactions using transgenic tomato plants; extending our understanding of PPO routing and assembly and the mechanism of its thylakoid translocation; preparing recombinant PPOs for use in import studies, determination of the genuine properties of PPOs and understanding its assembly and determining the effect of PPO's absence on chloroplast performance. Results obtained during work on the project made it necessary to abandon some minor objectives and devote the effort to more promising topics. Such changes are mentioned in the 'Body of the report' which is arranged according to the objectives of the original proposal. The complex expression pattern of tomato PPO gene family was determined. Individual members of the family are differentially expressed in various parts of the plant and subjected to developmentally regulated turnover. Some members are differentially regulated also by pathogens, wounding and chemical wound signals. Wounding systemically induces PPO activity and level in potato. Only tissues that are developmentally competent to express PPO are capable of responding to the systemic wounding signal by increased accumulation of PPO mRNA. Down regulation of PPO genes causes hyper susceptibility to leaf pathogens in tomato while over expression regulation of PPO expression in tomato plants is their apparent increased tolerance to drought. Both the enhanced disease resistance conferred by PPO over expression and the increased stress tolerance due to down regulation can be used in the engineering of improved crop plants. Photosynthesis rate and variable fluorescence measurements in wild type, and PPO-null and over expressing transgenic tomato lines suggest that PPO does not enable plants to cope better with stressful high light intensities or reactive oxygen species. Rather high levels of the enzyme aggravate the damage caused under such conditions. Our work suggests that PPO's primary role is in defending plants against pathogens and herbivores. Jasmonate and ethylene, and apparently also salicylate, signals involved in responses to wounding and defense against herbivores and pathogens, enhance markedly and specifically the competence of chloroplasts to import and process pPPO. The interaction of the precursor with thylakoid membranes is primarily affected. The routing of PPO shows other unusual properties: stromal processing occurs in two sites, resulting in intermediates that are translocated across thylakoids by two different mechanisms - a DpH- and a Sec-dependent one. It is suggested that the dual pattern of processing and routing constitutes a'fail safe' mechanism, reflecting the need for a rapid and flexible response to defense challenges. Many of the observations described above should be taken into consideration when manipulation of PPO expression is contemplated for use in crop improvement.
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Gore, Tim. Carbon Inequality in 2030: Per capita consumption emissions and the 1.5⁰C goal. Institute for European Environmental Policy, Oxfam, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2021.8274.

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The world’s richest 1% are set to have per capita consumption emissions in 2030 that are still 30 times higher than the global per capita level compatible with the 1.5⁰C goal of the Paris Agreement, while the footprints of the poorest half of the world population are set to remain several times below that level. By 2030, the richest 1% are on course for an even greater share of total global emissions than when the Paris Agreement was signed. Tackling extreme inequality and targeting the excessive emissions linked to the consumption and investments of the world’s richest people is vital to keeping the 1.5⁰C Paris goal alive.
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Zárate-Solano, Héctor M., and Norberto Rodríguez-Niño. Consumer Prices Trends in Colombia: Detecting Breaks and Forecasting Inflation. Banco de la República, 2024. https://doi.org/10.32468/be.1289.

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Colombia’s annual inflation reached 13.3% in March 2023, the highest rate since the implementation of the inflation-targeting regime for monetary policy in 2000. However, some groups within the basket show signs of lower inflation, while others exhibit higher inflation. The persistence of this trend is actively debated, involving analysis of both year-to-year and month-to-month changes in price indices. In this paper, we use a time series methodology to identify shifts in inflation levels based on the 188 price indices that comprise the basket. We classify the trend breaks as positive or negative and aggregate them by tradable and non-tradable, core and regulated, and other CPI groups. Additionally, we employ these trend models, possibly with breaks, to forecast total (bottom-up and middle-up approaches) and group inflation for 2024. Our findings suggest that inflation will decline for most groups by the end of 2024 but will increase for some key groups. Forecast evaluation measures favor using some degree of aggregation, with breaks considerations, for forecasting both annual and monthly inflation.
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