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Journal articles on the topic 'TATA box ; Carrier proteins ; Transcription factors'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 8 February 2022

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1

Refaldi, Chiara, Elena Di Pierro, Maria C. Mocellini, and Maria D. Cappellini. "A Novel C to A Substitution in the CCAAT Box of beta Globin Gene." Blood 108, no. 11 (2006): 3810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.3810.3810.

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Abstract The promoter of the human beta-globin gene contains three positive cis-acting elements required for maximal transcription: the CACCC box located between −86 and −90, the CCAAT box located between −72 and − 76 and the TATA box located between −28 and −31 relative to the start site of transcription. Naturally occurring mutations within the TATA and the CACCC box regions have been recorded in patients with beta+ thalassemia. Mutations within the TATA box disrupt assembly of the basal transcription complex, while mutations at the CACCC box prevent binding of an erythroid-specific transcri

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2

Iacobazzi, Vito, Vittoria Infantino, Paola Costanzo, Paola Izzo, and Ferdinando Palmieri. "Functional analysis of the promoter of the mitochondrial phosphate carrier human gene: identification of activator and repressor elements and their transcription factors." Biochemical Journal 391, no. 3 (2005): 613–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20050776.

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The phosphate carrier (PiC) catalyses the import of phosphate into mitochondria where it is needed for ATP synthesis. We have analysed the 5′-flanking region of the human PiC gene and found that it has a single transcriptional initiation site and lacks a TATA box. Through deletion analysis of the −1213/−25 nt region, we identified an activation domain (−223/−25) and an inhibition domain (−1017/−814). The most effective promoter activity in transfected HeLa cells corresponded to the region containing putative binding sites for Sp1 (−163/−142; where Sp1 stands for stimulating protein-1) and CREB

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3

SRINIVASAN, Lakshmi, and Karumathil P. GOPINATHAN. "A novel TATA-box-binding factor from the silk glands of the mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori." Biochemical Journal 363, no. 3 (2002): 503–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3630503.

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The presence of one or more TATATAA motifs in the flanking sequences of individual members of a multi-gene AGly1 family from the mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori, negatively modulated the transcription of the gene copies. Characterization of proteins from posterior silk gland nuclear extracts, binding to the TATATAA motif, identified a novel 43kD protein, designated here as P43 TATA-box-binding factor (TBF). The protein was purified to homogeneity. P43 TBF binding was highly sequence-specific and showed a 100-fold-higher affinity for binding than the TATA-box-binding protein (TBP). The protein a

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4

Zhao, Xuemei, and Winship Herr. "Role of the Inhibitory DNA-Binding Surface of Human TATA-Binding Protein in Recruitment of Human TFIIB Family Members." Molecular and Cellular Biology 23, no. 22 (2003): 8152–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.23.22.8152-8160.2003.

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ABSTRACT TATA box recognition by TATA-binding protein (TBP) is a key step in transcriptional initiation complex assembly on TATA-box-containing RNA polymerase (Pol) II and III promoters. This process is inhibited by the inhibitory DNA-binding (IDB) surface on the human TBP core domain (TBPCORE) and is stimulated by promoter-specific basal transcription factors, such as two human TFIIB family members, the Pol II factor TFIIB and the Pol III factor Brf2, which is required for transcription from TATA-box-containing Pol III promoters. In contrast, the third TFIIB family member, Brf1, which is requ

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5

Metz, R., A. J. Bannister, J. A. Sutherland, et al. "c-Fos-induced activation of a TATA-box-containing promoter involves direct contact with TATA-box-binding protein." Molecular and Cellular Biology 14, no. 9 (1994): 6021–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.14.9.6021.

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Transcriptional activation in eukaryotes involves protein-protein interactions between regulatory transcription factors and components of the basal transcription machinery. Here we show that c-Fos, but not a related protein, Fra-1, can bind the TATA-box-binding protein (TBP) both in vitro and in vivo and that c-Fos can also interact with the transcription factor IID complex. High-affinity binding to TBP requires c-Fos activation modules which cooperate to activate transcription. One of these activation modules contains a TBP-binding motif (TBM) which was identified through its homology to TBP-

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6

Metz, R., A. J. Bannister, J. A. Sutherland, et al. "c-Fos-induced activation of a TATA-box-containing promoter involves direct contact with TATA-box-binding protein." Molecular and Cellular Biology 14, no. 9 (1994): 6021–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.14.9.6021-6029.1994.

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Transcriptional activation in eukaryotes involves protein-protein interactions between regulatory transcription factors and components of the basal transcription machinery. Here we show that c-Fos, but not a related protein, Fra-1, can bind the TATA-box-binding protein (TBP) both in vitro and in vivo and that c-Fos can also interact with the transcription factor IID complex. High-affinity binding to TBP requires c-Fos activation modules which cooperate to activate transcription. One of these activation modules contains a TBP-binding motif (TBM) which was identified through its homology to TBP-

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7

Li, Chi, and James L. Manley. "Even-skipped Represses Transcription by Binding TATA Binding Protein and Blocking the TFIID-TATA Box Interaction." Molecular and Cellular Biology 18, no. 7 (1998): 3771–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.18.7.3771.

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ABSTRACT The Drosophila homeodomain protein Even-skipped (Eve) is a transcriptional repressor, and previous studies have suggested that it functions by interfering with the basal transcription machinery. Here we describe experiments indicating that the mechanism of Eve repression involves a direct interaction with the TATA binding protein (TBP) that blocks binding of TBP-TFIID to the promoter. We first compared Eve activities in in vitro transcription systems reconstituted with either all the general transcription factors or only TBP, TFIIB, TFIIF30, and RNA polymerase II. In each case, equiva

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8

Lin, Chenchen, Meiyao Lin, and Hungwen Chen. "Biochemical characterization of the human placental transcription factor GCMa/1." Biochemistry and Cell Biology 83, no. 2 (2005): 188–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o05-026.

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Glial cells missing (GCM) proteins are a novel family of zinc-containing transcription factors. Human GCMa/1 is primarily expressed in placental trophoblast cells and regulates SYNCYTIN gene expression, which mediates fusion of cytotrophoblasts to form the syncytiotrophoblast layer of the human placenta. To biochemically characterize the transcriptional activity of GCMa/1, we set up an in vitro transcription system for human GCMa/1 (hGCMa/1). Using G-free reporter constructs carrying multiple copies of wild-type or mutant GCMa-binding site (GBS) in front of a synthetic TATA box, we observed sp

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9

Hou, Samuel Y., Shwu-Yuan Wu, Tianyuan Zhou, Mary C. Thomas, and Cheng-Ming Chiang. "Alleviation of Human Papillomavirus E2-Mediated Transcriptional Repression via Formation of a TATA Binding Protein (or TFIID)-TFIIB-RNA Polymerase II-TFIIF Preinitiation Complex." Molecular and Cellular Biology 20, no. 1 (2000): 113–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.20.1.113-125.2000.

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ABSTRACT Transcription in human papillomaviruses (HPVs) is mainly regulated by cellular transcription factors and virus-encoded E2 proteins that act as sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins. Although the functions of E2 as a transcriptional activator and a repressor have been well documented, the role of cellular factors involved in E2-mediated regulation of the HPV promoters and the mechanism by which E2 modulates viral gene expression remain unclear. Using reconstituted cell-free transcription systems, we found that cellular enhancer-binding factors and general cofactors, such as TAFIIs, TF

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10

CARCEDO, Maria-Teresa, Juan-Manuel IGLESIAS, Patricia BANCES, Reginald O. MORGAN, and Maria-Pilar FERNANDEZ. "Functional analysis of the human annexin A5 gene promoter: a downstream DNA element and an upstream long terminal repeat regulate transcription." Biochemical Journal 356, no. 2 (2001): 571–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3560571.

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Human annexin A5 is a ubiquitous protein implicated in diverse signal transduction processes associated with cell growth and differentiation, and its gene regulation is an important component of this function. Promoter transcriptional activity was determined for a wide 5′ portion of the human annexin A5 gene, from bp −1275 to +79 relative to the most 5′ of several discrete transcription start points. Transfection experiments carried out in HeLa cells identified the segment from bp −202 to +79 as the minimal promoter conferring optimal transcriptional activity. Two canonical Sp1 sites in the im

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11

Nagai, Shigeki, Ralph E. Davis, Pierre Jean Mattei, Kyle Patrick Eagen, and Roger D. Kornberg. "Chromatin potentiates transcription." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 7 (2017): 1536–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1620312114.

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Chromatin isolated from the chromosomal locus of the PHO5 gene of yeast in a transcriptionally repressed state was transcribed with 12 pure proteins (80 polypeptides): RNA polymerase II, six general transcription factors, TFIIS, the Pho4 gene activator protein, and the SAGA, SWI/SNF, and Mediator complexes. Contrary to expectation, a nucleosome occluding the TATA box and transcription start sites did not impede transcription but rather, enhanced it: the level of chromatin transcription was at least sevenfold greater than that of naked DNA, and chromatin gave patterns of transcription start sit

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12

Lopez, Sébastien, Magda Livingstone-Zatchej, Sabine Jourdain, Fritz Thoma, André Sentenac, and Marie-Claude Marsolier. "High-Mobility-Group Proteins NHP6A and NHP6B Participate in Activation of the RNA Polymerase IIISNR6 Gene." Molecular and Cellular Biology 21, no. 9 (2001): 3096–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.21.9.3096-3104.2001.

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ABSTRACT Transcription of yeast class III genes involves the formation of a transcription initiation complex that comprises RNA polymerase III (Pol III) and the general transcription factors TFIIIB and TFIIIC. Using a genetic screen for positive regulators able to compensate for a deficiency in a promoter element of the SNR6 gene, we isolated the NHP6A and NHP6B genes. Here we show that the high-mobility-group proteins NHP6A and NHP6B are required for the efficient transcription of the SNR6 gene both in vivo and in vitro. The transcripts of wild-type and promoter-defectiveSNR6 genes decreased

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13

Yoon, J. B., G. Li, and R. G. Roeder. "Characterization of a family of related cellular transcription factors which can modulate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transcription in vitro." Molecular and Cellular Biology 14, no. 3 (1994): 1776–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.14.3.1776.

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LBP-1 is a cellular protein which binds strongly to sequences around the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) initiation site and weakly over the TATA box. We have previously shown that LBP-1 represses HIV-1 transcription by inhibiting the binding of TFIID to the TATA box. Four similar but distinct cDNAs encoding LBP-1 (LBP-1a, -b, -c, and -d) have been isolated. These are products of two related genes, and each gene encodes two alternatively spliced products. Comparison of the amino acid sequence of LBP-1 with entries in the available protein data bases revealed the identity of LBP-1c

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14

Yoon, J. B., G. Li, and R. G. Roeder. "Characterization of a family of related cellular transcription factors which can modulate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transcription in vitro." Molecular and Cellular Biology 14, no. 3 (1994): 1776–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.14.3.1776-1785.1994.

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LBP-1 is a cellular protein which binds strongly to sequences around the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) initiation site and weakly over the TATA box. We have previously shown that LBP-1 represses HIV-1 transcription by inhibiting the binding of TFIID to the TATA box. Four similar but distinct cDNAs encoding LBP-1 (LBP-1a, -b, -c, and -d) have been isolated. These are products of two related genes, and each gene encodes two alternatively spliced products. Comparison of the amino acid sequence of LBP-1 with entries in the available protein data bases revealed the identity of LBP-1c

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15

VAN DER KNAAP, Jan A., Vincent VAN DEN BOOM, Jeroen KUIPERS, Michiel J. T. VAN EIJK, Peter C. VAN DER VLIET, and H. Th Marc TIMMERS. "The gene for human TATA-binding-protein-associated factor (TAFII) 170: structure, promoter and chromosomal localization." Biochemical Journal 345, no. 3 (2000): 521–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3450521.

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The TATA-binding protein (TBP) plays a central role in eukaryotic transcription and forms protein complexes with TBP-associated factors (TAFs). The genes encoding TAFII proteins frequently map to chromosomal regions altered in human neoplasias. TAFII170 of B-TFIID is a member of the SF2 superfamily of putative helicases. Members of this superfamily have also been implicated in several human genetic disorders. In this study we have isolated human genomic clones encoding TAFII170 and we show that the gene contains 37 introns. Ribonuclease-protection experiments revealed that TAFII170 has multipl

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16

Weber, J. A., D. J. Taxman, Q. Lu, and D. S. Gilmour. "Molecular architecture of the hsp70 promoter after deletion of the TATA box or the upstream regulation region." Molecular and Cellular Biology 17, no. 7 (1997): 3799–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.17.7.3799.

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GAGA factor, TFIID, and paused polymerase are present on the hsp70 promoter in Drosophila melanogaster prior to transcriptional activation. In order to investigate the interplay between these components, mutant constructs were analyzed after they had been transformed into flies on P elements. One construct lacked the TATA box and the other lacked the upstream regulatory region where GAGA factor binds. Transcription of each mutant during heat shock was at least 50-fold less than that of a normal promoter construct. Before and after heat shock, both mutant promoters were found to adopt a DNase I

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17

Erkine, A. M., C. C. Adams, T. Diken, and D. S. Gross. "Heat shock factor gains access to the yeast HSC82 promoter independently of other sequence-specific factors and antagonizes nucleosomal repression of basal and induced transcription." Molecular and Cellular Biology 16, no. 12 (1996): 7004–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.16.12.7004.

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Transcription in eukaryotic cells occurs in the context of chromatin. Binding of sequence-specific regulatory factors must contend with the presence of nucleosomes for establishment of a committed preinitiation complex. Here we demonstrate that the high-affinity binding site for heat shock transcription factor (HSF) is occupied independently of other cis-regulatory elements and is critically required for preventing nucleosomal assembly over the yeast HSC82 core promoter under both noninducing (basal) and inducing conditions. Chromosomal mutation of this sequence, termed HSE1, erases the HSF fo

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18

PEI, Lin. "Transcriptional repressor of vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor mediates repression through interactions with TFIIB and TFIIEβ". Biochemical Journal 360, № 3 (2001): 633–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3600633.

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The transcriptional repressor for rat vasoactive-intestinal-polypeptide receptor 1 (VIPR-RP) is a recently characterized transcription factor that belongs to a family of proteins, which include components of the DNA replication factor C complex. In this study, I investigated the mechanisms by which VIPR-RP represses transcription. I show here that transcriptional repression by VIPR-RP is mediated by a histone deacetylase-independent mechanism. I provide evidence that VIPR-RP makes direct physical contacts with two proteins of the basal transcription apparatus, the transcription factors TFIIB a

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19

Stolinski, L. A., D. M. Eisenmann, and K. M. Arndt. "Identification of RTF1, a novel gene important for TATA site selection by TATA box-binding protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Molecular and Cellular Biology 17, no. 8 (1997): 4490–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.17.8.4490.

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Interaction of the TATA box-binding protein (TBP) with promoters of RNA polymerase II-transcribed genes is an early and essential step in mRNA synthesis. Previous studies have demonstrated that the rate-limiting binding of TBP to a TATA element can be influenced by transcriptional regulatory proteins. To identify additional factors that may regulate DNA binding by TBP in vivo, we performed a genetic selection for extragenic suppressors of a yeast TBP mutant that exhibits altered and relaxed DNA binding specificity. This analysis has led to the discovery of a previously unidentified gene, RTF1.

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20

Fiorentino, Gabriella, Raffaele Cannio, Mosè Rossi, and Simonetta Bartolucci. "Transcriptional Regulation of the Gene Encoding an Alcohol Dehydrogenase in the Archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus Involves Multiple Factors and Control Elements." Journal of Bacteriology 185, no. 13 (2003): 3926–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.185.13.3926-3934.2003.

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ABSTRACT A transcriptionally active region has been identified in the 5′ flanking region of the alcohol dehydrogenase gene of the crenarchaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus through the evaluation of the activity of putative transcriptional regulators and the role of the region upstream of the gene under specific metabolic circumstances. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays with crude extracts revealed protein complexes that most likely contain TATA box-associated factors. When the TATA element was deleted from the region, binding sites for both DNA binding proteins, such as the small chromatin stru

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Liu, X., C. W. Miller, P. H. Koeffler, and A. J. Berk. "The p53 activation domain binds the TATA box-binding polypeptide in Holo-TFIID, and a neighboring p53 domain inhibits transcription." Molecular and Cellular Biology 13, no. 6 (1993): 3291–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.13.6.3291.

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Antioncogene product p53 is a transcriptional transactivator. To investigate how p53 stimulates transcription, we examined the interaction of p53 with general transcription factors in vitro. We found that p53 binds directly to the human TATA box-binding polypeptide (TBP). We also observed a direct interaction between p53 and purified holo-TFIID, a complex composed of TBP and a group of TBP-associated polypeptides known as TAFs. The p53 binding domain on TBP was mapped to the conserved region of TBP, including residues 220 to 271. The TBP binding domain on p53 was mapped to the p53 activation d

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Liu, X., C. W. Miller, P. H. Koeffler, and A. J. Berk. "The p53 activation domain binds the TATA box-binding polypeptide in Holo-TFIID, and a neighboring p53 domain inhibits transcription." Molecular and Cellular Biology 13, no. 6 (1993): 3291–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.13.6.3291-3300.1993.

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Antioncogene product p53 is a transcriptional transactivator. To investigate how p53 stimulates transcription, we examined the interaction of p53 with general transcription factors in vitro. We found that p53 binds directly to the human TATA box-binding polypeptide (TBP). We also observed a direct interaction between p53 and purified holo-TFIID, a complex composed of TBP and a group of TBP-associated polypeptides known as TAFs. The p53 binding domain on TBP was mapped to the conserved region of TBP, including residues 220 to 271. The TBP binding domain on p53 was mapped to the p53 activation d

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23

François, Achille, Mickaël Guilbaud, Rafi Awedikian, Gilliane Chadeuf, Philippe Moullier, and Anna Salvetti. "The Cellular TATA Binding Protein Is Required for Rep-Dependent Replication of a Minimal Adeno-Associated Virus Type 2 p5 Element." Journal of Virology 79, no. 17 (2005): 11082–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.79.17.11082-11094.2005.

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ABSTRACT The p5 promoter region of adeno-associated virus type 2 (AAV-2) is a multifunctional element involved in rep gene expression, Rep-dependent replication, and site-specific integration. We initially characterized a 350-bp p5 region by its ability to behave like a cis-acting replication element in the presence of Rep proteins and adenoviral factors. The objective of this study was to define the minimal elements within the p5 region required for Rep-dependent replication. Assays performed in transfected cells (in vivo) indicated that the minimal p5 element was composed by a 55-bp sequence

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Gustafson, T. A., and L. Kedes. "Identification of multiple proteins that interact with functional regions of the human cardiac alpha-actin promoter." Molecular and Cellular Biology 9, no. 8 (1989): 3269–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.9.8.3269.

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5' Sequences of the human cardiac alpha-actin gene are involved in the tissue-specific and developmental regulation of the gene. Deletion analyses combined with transient expression experiments in muscle cells have demonstrated three primary regions of functional importance (A. Minty and L. Kedes, Mol. Cell. Biol. 6:2125-2136, 1986; T. Miwa and L. Kedes, Mol. Cell. Biol. 7:2803-2813, 1987), and we have previously demonstrated binding of a protein indistinguishable from serum response factor (SRF) to the most proximal region (T.A. Gustafson, T. Miwa, L.M. Boxer, and L. Kedes, Mol. Cell. Biol. 8

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Gustafson, T. A., and L. Kedes. "Identification of multiple proteins that interact with functional regions of the human cardiac alpha-actin promoter." Molecular and Cellular Biology 9, no. 8 (1989): 3269–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.9.8.3269-3283.1989.

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5' Sequences of the human cardiac alpha-actin gene are involved in the tissue-specific and developmental regulation of the gene. Deletion analyses combined with transient expression experiments in muscle cells have demonstrated three primary regions of functional importance (A. Minty and L. Kedes, Mol. Cell. Biol. 6:2125-2136, 1986; T. Miwa and L. Kedes, Mol. Cell. Biol. 7:2803-2813, 1987), and we have previously demonstrated binding of a protein indistinguishable from serum response factor (SRF) to the most proximal region (T.A. Gustafson, T. Miwa, L.M. Boxer, and L. Kedes, Mol. Cell. Biol. 8

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26

LIU, Mingjun, Johnathan R. WHETSTINE, Scott G. PAYTON, Yubin GE, Robin M. FLATLEY, and Larry H. MATHERLY. "Roles of USF, Ikaros and Sp proteins in the transcriptional regulation of the human reduced folate carrier B promoter." Biochemical Journal 383, no. 2 (2004): 249–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20040414.

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The hRFC (human reduced folate carrier) is ubiquitously but differentially expressed in human tissues and its levels are regulated by up to seven non-coding regions (A1, A2, A, B, C, D and E) and at least four promoters. For the hRFC-B basal promoter, regulation involves binding of Sp (specificity protein) transcription factors to a critical GC-box. By transiently transfecting HT1080 cells with 5′- and 3′-deletion constructs spanning 1057 bp of upstream sequence, a transcriptionally important region was localized to 158 bp flanking the transcriptional start sites. By gel shift and chromatin im

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Braun, T., E. Tannich, G. Buschhausen-Denker, and H. H. Arnold. "Promoter upstream elements of the chicken cardiac myosin light-chain 2-A gene interact with trans-acting regulatory factors for muscle-specific transcription." Molecular and Cellular Biology 9, no. 6 (1989): 2513–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.9.6.2513.

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A segment of the 5'-flanking region of the chicken cardiac myosin light-chain gene extending from nucleotide -64 to the RNA start site is sufficient to allow muscle-specific transcription. In this paper, we characterize, by mutational analysis, sequence elements which are essential for the promoter activity. Furthermore, we present evidence for a negative-acting element which is possibly involved in conferring the muscle specificity. Nuclear proteins specifically bind to the DNA elements, as demonstrated by gel mobility shift assays and DNase I protection footprinting. The significance of the

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Braun, T., E. Tannich, G. Buschhausen-Denker, and H. H. Arnold. "Promoter upstream elements of the chicken cardiac myosin light-chain 2-A gene interact with trans-acting regulatory factors for muscle-specific transcription." Molecular and Cellular Biology 9, no. 6 (1989): 2513–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.9.6.2513-2525.1989.

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A segment of the 5'-flanking region of the chicken cardiac myosin light-chain gene extending from nucleotide -64 to the RNA start site is sufficient to allow muscle-specific transcription. In this paper, we characterize, by mutational analysis, sequence elements which are essential for the promoter activity. Furthermore, we present evidence for a negative-acting element which is possibly involved in conferring the muscle specificity. Nuclear proteins specifically bind to the DNA elements, as demonstrated by gel mobility shift assays and DNase I protection footprinting. The significance of the

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29

Worrad, D. M., P. T. Ram, and R. M. Schultz. "Regulation of gene expression in the mouse oocyte and early preimplantation embryo: developmental changes in Sp1 and TATA box-binding protein, TBP." Development 120, no. 8 (1994): 2347–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.120.8.2347.

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We previously demonstrated that an Sp1-dependent reporter gene is preferentially expressed in G2 of the 1-cell mouse embryo following microinjection of the male pronucleus when compared to microinjection of the female pronucleus (P.T. Ram and R.M. Schultz, 1993, Dev. Biol. 156, 552–556). We also noted that expression of the reporter gene is not observed following microinjection of the germinal vesicle of the fully grown oocyte. In the present study, we examined expression of this reporter gene during oocyte growth, as well as the nuclear concentration of two transcription factors, Sp1 and the

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Asada, Ryuta, Naomichi Takemata, Charles S. Hoffman, Kunihiro Ohta, and Kouji Hirota. "Antagonistic Controls of Chromatin and mRNA Start Site Selection by Tup Family Corepressors and the CCAAT-Binding Factor." Molecular and Cellular Biology 35, no. 5 (2014): 847–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.00924-14.

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The Tup family corepressors contribute to critical cellular responses, such as the stress response and differentiation, presumably by inducing repressive chromatin, though the precise repression mechanism remains to be elucidated. TheSchizosaccharomyces pombefission yeast Tup family corepressors Tup11 and Tup12 (Tup11/12), which are orthologs of Tup1 inSaccharomyces cerevisiaebudding yeast and Groucho inDrosophila, negatively control chromatin and the transcriptional activity of some stress-responsive genes. Here, we demonstrate that Tup11/12 repress transcription of a gluconeogenesis gene,fbp

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Wassarman, David A., and Frank Sauer. "TAFII250." Journal of Cell Science 114, no. 16 (2001): 2895–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.114.16.2895.

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Activation of RNA-polymerase-II-dependent transcription involves conversion of signals provided by gene-specific activator proteins into the synthesis of messenger RNA. This conversion requires dynamic structural changes in chromatin and assembly of general transcription factors (GTFs) and RNA polymerase II at core promoter sequence elements surrounding the transcription start site of genes. One hallmark of transcriptional activation is the interaction of DNA-bound activators with coactivators such as the TATA-box binding protein (TBP)-associated factors (TAFIIs) within the GTF TFIID. TAFII250

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Lee, Tong Ihn, John J. Wyrick, Sang Seok Koh, Ezra G. Jennings, Ellen L. Gadbois, and Richard A. Young. "Interplay of Positive and Negative Regulators in Transcription Initiation by RNA Polymerase II Holoenzyme." Molecular and Cellular Biology 18, no. 8 (1998): 4455–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.18.8.4455.

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ABSTRACT Activation of protein-encoding genes involves recruitment of an RNA polymerase II holoenzyme to promoters. Since the Srb4 subunit of the holoenzyme is essential for expression of most class II genes and is a target of at least one transcriptional activator, we reasoned that suppressors of a temperature-sensitive mutation in Srb4 would identify other factors generally involved in regulation of gene expression. We report here that MED6 and SRB6, both of which encode essential components of the holoenzyme, are among the dominant suppressors and that the products of these genes interact p

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Papantonis, Argyris, Josef Vanden Broeck, and Rena Lecanidou. "Architectural factor HMGA induces promoter bending and recruits C/EBP and GATA during silkmoth chorion gene regulation." Biochemical Journal 416, no. 1 (2008): 85–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20081012.

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A protein displaying significant similarity to mammalian HMGA (high-mobility group A) proteins, but also bearing unique structural features, was isolated from silkmoth (Bombyx mori) follicular cells. This factor, named BmHMGA, exhibits specific binding preference for chorion gene promoter elements and induces DNA bending thereon. BmHMGA deploys temporal-specific interaction with transcription factors BmC/EBP (C/EBP is CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein) and BmGATAβ during follicle maturation. The respective protein complexes can be detected on chorion gene promoters in vivo, with different develop

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Staege, Martin S., and Daniela Max. "Genetics and Epigenetics of the TET-ETS Translocation Network." Genetics & Epigenetics 2 (January 2009): GEG.S2815. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/geg.s2815.

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In the present paper we review the translocation network involving TET and ETS family members with special focus on the Ewing family of tumors. FUS (fusion, involved in t(12;16) in malignant liposarcoma = TLS, Translocated in liposarcoma), EWSR1 (Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1) and TAF15 (TATA box-binding protein-associated factor, 68-KD) are the three human members of the TET family of RNA binding proteins. In addition, two EWSR1 pseudogenes are present in the human genome. TET family members are involved in several oncogenic gene fusions. Five of the 18 known fusion partners belong to the

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Liu, X., and A. J. Berk. "Reversal of in vitro p53 squelching by both TFIIB and TFIID." Molecular and Cellular Biology 15, no. 11 (1995): 6474–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.15.11.6474.

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p53, the protein encoded by one of the most significant human tumor suppressor genes, is a sequence-specific transcriptional activator. When activated by a double-stranded DNA break, p53 function arrests cells in G1 and can induce apoptosis. Transcriptional activation function is critical for p53 tumor suppression, although transcriptional repressing and nontranscriptional functions of p53 may contribute. p53 activation requires that it bind to TFIID through interactions with TATA box-binding protein (TBP)-associated factors and potentially with TBP. Here, we studied the mechanism of p53 activ

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Rebollo, Angelita, Laure Dumoutier, Jean-Christophe Renauld, Angel Zaballos, Verónica Ayllón, and Carlos Martínez-A. "Bcl-3 Expression Promotes Cell Survival following Interleukin-4 Deprivation and Is Controlled by AP1 and AP1-Like Transcription Factors." Molecular and Cellular Biology 20, no. 10 (2000): 3407–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.20.10.3407-3416.2000.

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ABSTRACT We have analyzed the interleukin-4 (IL-4)-triggered mechanisms implicated in cell survival and show here that IL-4 deprivation induces apoptotic cell death but does not modulate Bcl-2 or Bcl-x expression. Since Bcl-x expression is insufficient to ensure cell survival in the absence of IL-4, we speculate that additional molecules replace the antiapoptotic role of Bcl-2 and Bcl-x in an alternative IL-4-triggered pathway. Cell death is associated with Bcl-3 downregulation and Bcl-3 expression blocks IL-4 deprivation-induced apoptosis, suggesting that Bcl-3 acts as a survival factor in th

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Kim, Seong K., Hyung K. Jang, Randy A. Albrecht, Wilbert A. Derbigny, Yunfei Zhang, and Dennis J. O'Callaghan. "Interaction of the Equine Herpesvirus 1 EICP0 Protein with the Immediate-Early (IE) Protein, TFIIB, and TBP May Mediate the Antagonism between the IE and EICP0 Proteins." Journal of Virology 77, no. 4 (2003): 2675–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.77.4.2675-2685.2003.

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ABSTRACT The equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) immediate-early (IE) and EICP0 proteins are potent trans-activators of EHV-1 promoters; however, in transient-transfection assays, the IE protein inhibits the trans-activation function of the EICP0 protein. Assays with IE mutant proteins revealed that its DNA-binding domain, TFIIB-binding domain, and nuclear localization signal may be important for the antagonism between the IE and EICP0 proteins. In vitro interaction assays with the purified IE and EICP0 proteins indicated that these proteins interact directly. At late times postinfection, the IE and

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Miller, Michael J., Ludmila V. Roze, Frances Trail, and John E. Linz. "Role of cis-Acting Sites NorL, a TATA Box, and AflR1 in nor-1 Transcriptional Activation in Aspergillus parasiticus." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, no. 3 (2005): 1539–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.3.1539-1545.2005.

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ABSTRACT The transcription factor AflR is required for up-regulation of specific pathway genes involved in aflatoxin biosynthesis in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus. nor-1 encodes an early aflatoxin pathway enzyme; its promoter contains a consensus AflR binding site (AflR1). Proteins in Aspergillus parasiticus cell extracts and AflR expressed in Escherichia coli do not bind to A. parasiticus AflR1 in vitro, so it was not clear if this site was required for nor-1 expression or if other transcription factors contributed to gene regulation. In this study we defined the role of AflR1 in nor-1 e

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Mitchell, Jennifer A., and Stephen J. Lye. "Differential Activation of the Connexin 43 Promoter by Dimers of Activator Protein-1 Transcription Factors in Myometrial Cells." Endocrinology 146, no. 4 (2005): 2048–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2004-1066.

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Abstract The expression of activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factors is increased in the myometrium at term and may therefore regulate the expression of genes, such as connexin 43 (Cx43), required for the onset of labor. The region upstream of the mouse, rat, and human Cx43 genes contains two consensus AP-1 binding sequences, a proximal AP-1, located close to the TATA box, and a distal AP-1, 1 kb upstream. A transient transfection system was developed in which Syrian hamster myometrial cells were transfected with Cx43 promoter-luciferase constructs in combination with expression vectors

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Spieth, J., Y. H. Shim, K. Lea, R. Conrad, and T. Blumenthal. "elt-1, an embryonically expressed Caenorhabditis elegans gene homologous to the GATA transcription factor family." Molecular and Cellular Biology 11, no. 9 (1991): 4651–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.11.9.4651.

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The short, asymmetrical DNA sequence to which the vertebrate GATA family of transcription factors binds is present in some Caenorhabditis elegans gene regulatory regions: it is required for activation of the vitellogenin genes and is also found just 5' of the TATA boxes of tra-2 and the msp genes. In vertebrates GATA-1 is specific to erythroid lineages, whereas GATA-2 and GATA-3 are present in multiple tissues. In an effort to identify the trans-acting factors that may recognize this sequence element in C. elegans, we used a degenerate oligonucleotide to clone a C. elegans homolog to this gene

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Spieth, J., Y. H. Shim, K. Lea, R. Conrad, and T. Blumenthal. "elt-1, an embryonically expressed Caenorhabditis elegans gene homologous to the GATA transcription factor family." Molecular and Cellular Biology 11, no. 9 (1991): 4651–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.11.9.4651-4659.1991.

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The short, asymmetrical DNA sequence to which the vertebrate GATA family of transcription factors binds is present in some Caenorhabditis elegans gene regulatory regions: it is required for activation of the vitellogenin genes and is also found just 5' of the TATA boxes of tra-2 and the msp genes. In vertebrates GATA-1 is specific to erythroid lineages, whereas GATA-2 and GATA-3 are present in multiple tissues. In an effort to identify the trans-acting factors that may recognize this sequence element in C. elegans, we used a degenerate oligonucleotide to clone a C. elegans homolog to this gene

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Whyte, Dilys A., Congyi Li, R. Brent Thomson, et al. "Ksp-cadherin gene promoter. I. Characterization and renal epithelial cell-specific activity." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 277, no. 4 (1999): F587—F598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1999.277.4.f587.

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Kidney-specific cadherin (Ksp-cadherin, cadherin 16) is a novel, kidney-specific member of the cadherin superfamily that is expressed exclusively in the basolateral membrane of renal tubular epithelial cells. To characterize the Ksp-cadherin gene promoter, a λ bacteriophage clone containing 3.7 kb of the proximal 5′ flanking region of the mouse Ksp-cadherin gene was isolated. The transcription initiation site was mapped by RNase protection assays and 5′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends, and a 709-bp intron was identified within the 5′ untranslated region. The proximal 5′ flanking region was “T

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Morse, B. A., L. M. Carruth, and J. E. Clements. "Targeting of the Visna Virus Tat Protein to AP-1 Sites: Interactions with the bZIP Domains of Fos and Jun In Vitro and In Vivo." Journal of Virology 73, no. 1 (1999): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.73.1.37-45.1999.

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ABSTRACT The visna virus Tat protein is required for efficient viral transcription from the visna virus long terminal repeat (LTR). AP-1 sites within the visna virus LTR, which can be bound by the cellular transcription factors Fos and Jun, are also necessary for Tat-mediated transcriptional activation. A potential mechanism by which the visna virus Tat protein could target the viral promoter is by protein-protein interactions with Fos and/or Jun bound to AP-1 sites in the visna virus LTR. Once targeted to the visna virus promoter, the Tat protein could then interact with basal transcription f

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Morgan, J. G., G. Courtois, G. Fourel, et al. "Sp1, a CAAT-binding factor, and the adenovirus major late promoter transcription factor interact with functional regions of the gamma-fibrinogen promoter." Molecular and Cellular Biology 8, no. 6 (1988): 2628–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.8.6.2628.

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To study the factors which influence the coordinately and developmentally regulated expression of the three adjacent fibrinogen genes, we have defined the functional regions of the gamma-fibrinogen promoter and the proteins which bind to them. Using a series of 5' and internal deletion mutations, we found that sequences between 88 and 43 base pairs (bp) upstream of the gamma-fibrinogen transcription initiation site functioned in cis to direct properly initiated mRNA accumulation in transfected hepatocytes. The efficient function of these sequences was highly distance dependent, since transcrip

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Morgan, J. G., G. Courtois, G. Fourel, et al. "Sp1, a CAAT-binding factor, and the adenovirus major late promoter transcription factor interact with functional regions of the gamma-fibrinogen promoter." Molecular and Cellular Biology 8, no. 6 (1988): 2628–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.8.6.2628-2637.1988.

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To study the factors which influence the coordinately and developmentally regulated expression of the three adjacent fibrinogen genes, we have defined the functional regions of the gamma-fibrinogen promoter and the proteins which bind to them. Using a series of 5' and internal deletion mutations, we found that sequences between 88 and 43 base pairs (bp) upstream of the gamma-fibrinogen transcription initiation site functioned in cis to direct properly initiated mRNA accumulation in transfected hepatocytes. The efficient function of these sequences was highly distance dependent, since transcrip

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D'Arcangelo, G., R. Habas, S. Wang, S. Halegoua, and S. R. Salton. "Activation of codependent transcription factors is required for transcriptional induction of the vgf gene by nerve growth factor and Ras." Molecular and Cellular Biology 16, no. 9 (1996): 4621–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.16.9.4621.

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Nerve growth factor (NGF) treatment of PC12 cells leads to the elaboration of a neuronal phenotype, including the induction of neuronally expressed genes such as vgf. To study vgf transcription, we have created chimeric vgf/beta-globin genes in which vgf promoter sequences drive the expression of the beta-globin reporter gene or of a chimeric beta-globin gene fused to 3' untranslated vgf gene sequences. We have found that the level of inducibility of the latter construct by NGF resembles that of the endogenous vgf gene. Using transient transfection of the chimeric reporter genes into PC12 cell

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Sharma, Sanjeev K., Ulrike Leinemann, Regine Ratke, et al. "Characterization of a novel Foxa (hepatocyte nuclear factor-3) site in the glucagon promoter that is conserved between rodents and humans." Biochemical Journal 389, no. 3 (2005): 831–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20050334.

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The pancreatic islet hormone glucagon stimulates hepatic glucose production and thus maintains blood glucose levels in the fasting state. Transcription factors of the Foxa [Fox (forkhead box) subclass A; also known as HNF-3 (hepatocyte nuclear factor-3)] family are required for cell-specific activation of the glucagon gene in pancreatic islet α-cells. However, their action on the glucagon gene is poorly understood. In the present study, comparative sequence analysis and molecular characterization using protein–DNA binding and transient transfection assays revealed that the well-characterized F

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Guillebault, Delphine, Souphatta Sasorith, Evelyne Derelle, et al. "A New Class of Transcription Initiation Factors, Intermediate between TATA Box-binding Proteins (TBPs) and TBP-like Factors (TLFs), Is Present in the Marine Unicellular Organism, the DinoflagellateCrypthecodinium cohnii." Journal of Biological Chemistry 277, no. 43 (2002): 40881–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m205624200.

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Workman, Aspen, and Clinton Jones. "Productive Infection and bICP0 Early Promoter Activity of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Are Stimulated by E2F1." Journal of Virology 84, no. 13 (2010): 6308–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00321-10.

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ABSTRACT Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) is an important viral pathogen of cattle. Like other members of the subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae, BoHV-1 establishes latency in sensory neurons and has the potential to reactivate from latency. Dexamethasone (DEX) treatment of latently infected calves or rabbits consistently leads to reactivation from latency. The BoHV-1 transcript encoding the infected cell protein 0 (bICP0) is consistently detected during reactivation from latency, in part because the bICP0 early promoter is activated by DEX. During DEX-induced reactivation from latency, cyclin expressi

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Freiman, Richard N., Shane R. Albright, Leslie E. Chu, et al. "Redundant Role of Tissue-Selective TAFII105 in B Lymphocytes." Molecular and Cellular Biology 22, no. 18 (2002): 6564–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.22.18.6564-6572.2002.

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ABSTRACT Regulated gene expression is a complex process achieved through the function of multiple protein factors acting in concert at a given promoter. The transcription factor TFIID is a central component of the machinery regulating mRNA synthesis by RNA polymerase II. This large multiprotein complex is composed of the TATA box binding protein (TBP) and several TBP-associated factors (TAFIIs). The recent discovery of multiple TBP-related factors and tissue-specific TAFIIs suggests the existence of specialized TFIID complexes that likely play a critical role in regulating transcription in a g

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