Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Taux de change réel'
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Lahrèche-Révil, Amina. "Taux de change réel et développement." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010008.
Full textThe real exchange rate is analysed as a catalyst of economic development. The notion of real exchange rate is exposed in the preamble. Equilibrium long term real exchange rates are studied in the first chapter, and their usefulness and relevance in the second chapter. Chapter 3 examines the balassa-samuleson effect, using detailed price data; it is shown that the prices of tradable goods rise with economic development, and that the currencies of developing coutrnies are more and more undervalued vis-a-vis those of industriblised countries, due to the pegging of these currencies to the us dollar. The second part offers an explanation to this pegging behavior, suggesting that the real exchange rate is a determinant of growth. After presenting the different (internal and external) engines of growth (chapter 4), a model of endogenous growth including an underdevelopment trap is proposed, where the real exchange rate can foster growth (chapter 5). In chapter 6, an empirical test of the model is successfully performed|
Doan, Thi Hong Thinh. "Taux de chang réel et démographie." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM1086.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to characterise the behaviour of the real exchange rate, when it is confronted by shocks to the supply and demand of fundamentals. It disregards monetary phenomena, in order to focus on totally real factors.Chapters I and II of this thesis highlight the relationship between productivity and real exchange rate. The main results are as follows: productivity growth does not systematically produce real appreciation, contrary to the BS prediction. Household savings behaviour, population growth rate difference, and the ratio of qualified to unqualified workers in the economy affect the real exchange rate / productivity relationship. These first two chapters provide a response to the current literature concerning, in certain cases, the invalidity of the Balassa-Samuelson theory.Chapter III describes in considerable detail, both theoretically and empirically, the relationship between the real exchange rate and demographics. The theoretical framework makes it possible to detect the impact of demographics on the real exchange rate. The econometric tests confirm that a long-term relationship exists between demographics and the real exchange rate.Finally, the three chapters I, II and III reveal two significant determinants of the real exchange rate: demographics and productivity.Chapter IV studies the causality existing between three variables: the real exchange rate, productivity, and demographics. The results show that there is indeed a strong degree of causality between these variables, with a long-term return towards real exchange rate and productivity
Larrain, Ríos Guillermo. "Taux de change réel, politique budgétaire et industrialisation." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0120.
Full textThis thesies studies the properties of the non interventionist approach to development and the role of budget policies. Chile is a good case study. We broaden the industrialisation model by Murphy et al (1989) by opening the economy. Firms can finance the investment needed to change technology thanks to a real depreciation followed by an appreciation. This approach has limits. We consider the determinants of the real exchange rate beyond bydgetary policies. We focus hence on the role of public services and public investment. Industrialisation may appear in this non interventionist approach. Budget policy must be contractive initially, but expansionary afterwards. The obstacles to this approach suggest that industrialisation may be delayed relative to a well designed microeconomic policy
Liang, Zhicheng. "Taux de change réel et répartition des revenus en Chine." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CLF10365.
Full textThe present dissertation investigates the relationship between real exchange rate, income inequality and rural poverty in China. We attempt to answer two principal questions: (i) to what extent will the variation of real exchange rate affect income inequality in China? (ii) how will the variation of real exchange rate impact the evolving pattern of China’s rural poverty? For this purpose, the present dissertation is organized into four chapters. Chapter One reviews the evolution of China’s exchange rate regime, by taking into consideration the fast-Changing international situations as well as the internal economic, political and institutional conditions of this country. Chapter Two describes the changing pattern of income inequality and the evolution of rural poverty in China. It is observed that since 1978 China has achieved remarkable progress in the alleviation of poverty, which has been accompanied, however, by rising inequalities. In addition, there is growing evidence that the variation of real exchange rate plays an important role in affecting China’s distribution of income. Chapter Three provides a theoretical analysis on the linkage between real exchange rate and income distribution. Such an linkage has been shown to be complex, involving various transmission channels (direct and indirect). Finally, with the help of panel data at provincial level, Chapter Four empirically estimates the nexus between real exchange rate, income inequality and rural poverty in China. The econometric results show that the real appreciation of the Chinese currency significantly contributes to the reduction of income inequality and the alleviation of rural poverty in post-Reform China
Neto, Delfim Gomes. "Mouvements de capitaux, croissance, taux de change réel et libéralisation économique." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0019.
Full textSene, Babacar. "Taux de change réel d'équilibre et soutenabilité de la dette publique : impact du fardeau virtuel de la dette sur le taux de change réel en Afrique Subsaharienne." Paris 9, 2005. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2005PA090028.
Full textGente, Karine. "Les fondamentaux du taux de change réel d'équilibre dans une petite économie ouverte." Aix-Marseille 2, 2001. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2001AIX24001.pdf.
Full textGuermazi-Bouassida, Sana. "Le choix du régime de change et taux de change réel : cas de la Tunisie." Paris 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA020026.
Full textMbaye, Ibrahima. "Influence du prix de l'immobilier sur le taux de change réel bilatéral." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11844.
Full textYamb, Elie. "Mésalignement et dynamique de convergence du taux de change réel en zone CFA." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00326328.
Full textYamb, Elie Blaise Benjamin. "Mésalignement et dynamique de convergence du taux de change réel en zone CFA." Paris 1, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00326328.
Full textDrine, Imed. "Dynamique du taux de change réel et performances économiques : une application aux économies émergentes." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010039.
Full textProst, Benjamin de. "Les deux formes d' IDE et l'investissement productif : l'impact du taux de change réel." Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA020096/document.
Full textIn this work, we analyze and compare locational behavior of three forms of durable investments (greenfields, foreign direct investments, and internal productive investments). Among a group of determinants, mainly inspired by the existing empirical literature, we study more particularly the role played by the real exchange rate on countries' attractiveness towards each of those investments. Panel data econometrics is used for this study. We test a basis model on greenfields, total FDIs, and on productive investments – with specifications adapted to each case – and then analyze the results, particularly when they show differences. In order to proxy the dependent variables, we use the UNCTAD and the OECD's data series, as well as the FDI Markets (Financial Times) and the European Investment Monitor (Ernst & Young) which have somehow been ignored by the studies on the subject until now. Several samples (global, European and OECD) and several periods (2004-2010, 1998-2010 and 1995-2010) are analyzed depending on data availability. Our results prove that greenfields, total FDIs (and mergers and acquisitions by deduction), and productive investments respond to different location criteria according to their characteristics. In particular, the impact of the real exchange rate on each of those investments is very interesting. While low relative prices attract significantly productive investments, financed by domestic or foreign multinational companies (greenfields), they don't seem to have any impact on mergers and acquisitions (deduced from total FDIs)
Yougbaré, Lassana. "Effets macroéconomiques des régimes de change : essais sur la volatilité, la croissance économique et les déséquilibres du taux de change réel." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2009. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00377436/document.
Full textRecognizing the importance of the exchange rate system for open economies, we study the macroeconomic effects of exchange rate regimes. In the first chapter, we define the exchange rate regime and discuss the official or de jure classification of exchange regimes by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) as well as de factoclassifications developed by Levy Yeyati and Sturzenegger (2005) and by Reinhart and Rogoff (2003). We subsequently discuss the question of which classification(s) of regimes to use. In the second chapter, the impact of exchange rate regimes on growth volatility is investigated. Building on the literature on the relationships between the exchange rate arrangement and volatility and the literature on the determinants of growth volatility, the objective is to know whether the exchange rate system affects growth volatility once the determinants of volatility identified by the existing literature are controlled for. The chapter also assesses the channels through which the exchange rate regime affects volatility. In particular, we ask whether the contribution of terms of trade instability to growth volatility is influenced by the exchange rate arrangement. Is the impact of the exchange rate regime on volatility affected by financial and economic development ? Volatility or instability is measured from a trend which process is obtained from panel unit root tests. By using de jure exchange rate regimes along with de facto ones as classified by Reinhart et Rogoff (2003), we are able to assess the sensitivity of the results to the classification of exchange regimes. In the third chapter, the analysis is taken a step further by investigating whether the relation between growth and volatility is modified by the exchange rate system. Does the exchange rate regime modify the direct impact of volatility on growth ? In other words, does a given level of volatility reduces output growth identically under fixed and flexible regimes ? Moreover, are the indirect effects of volatility on the growth rate of per capita real output modified by the exchange rate system ? To answer the latter question, the channels of investment, human capital, trade and financial development are considered. Another objective of the chapter is to verify whether the effects of exchange rate regimes and volatility on output growth are heterogeneous or not according to the very quantiles of output growth. To pursue this avenue, we use the technique of regression quantiles with instrumental variables. In the fourth chapter, the impact of the exchange rate arrangement on the economy's adjustment is analyzed. Does the adjustment of the economy – measured by real exchange rate misalignment – depend on the exchange rate regime ? Is the impact of the exchange rate system on misalignment explained by its effects on real overvaluation and undervaluation episodes ? What do de jure and de facto exchange rate regimes, and deviations of announced from observed exchange rate policies reveal ? To answer these questions, we follow two steps. In the first one, a cointegration relation between the real exchange rate and its real and nominal determinants is estimated using non stationary panel techniques (Pedroni, 1996, 2000 and 2004) in the samples of low income, middle income and high income countries. Misalignment is then obtained as the deviation of the actual real exchange rate from its equilibrium value, the latter being determined by the equilibrium values of the fundamentals. In the second step, the impact of the exchange rate regime on the economy's adjustment is assessed using the measure of real exchange rate misalignment computed in the first step
Baulant, Camille. "Taux de change réels, niveaux d'industrialisation et normes de change." Paris 10, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA100047.
Full textThe economic crisis of the last twenty years displays large fluctuations of exchange rates. Analyzing real exchange rates (nominal exchange rates divided by inflation rates) is a requirement to understand misalignements. First, a theory of real exchange rate must be elaborated and linked to well known foundations in international economics. However, the purchasing power parity is inadequate to explain real exchange rates changes in the long run. The Ricardian theory of international trade is more relevant. To apply this theory, i develop two models of real exchange-rate determination and compute several indicators of real exchange rate : gnp, value added in manufacturing. I run regressions on both models. The first one is estimaded with overall data and yields the following results : in the long run, the real exchange rate is rising with the relative level of development ; in the short run, the real exchange rate is a decreasing function of the country's growth rate. The second one is estimated with industrial data. The real exchange rate still depends upon overall growth differential but also on structural variables in the manufacturing sector : an index of industry specialization and the share of wages in value added
Yougbare, Lassana. "Effets macroéconomiques des régimes de change : essais sur la volatilité, la croissance économique et les déséquilibres du taux de change réel." Phd thesis, Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00377436.
Full textHadj, Amor Thouraya. "Variabilité du taux de change réel, intégration financière internationale et croissance économique : une application aux économies émergentes." Nice, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NICE0024.
Full textTwo major facts hold place to explain the interest of the variability of Real exchange rate (RER) in emergent countries. First, the International Financial integration (IFI), corollary of the abandonment of Bretton-Woods's system, and the proliferation of floating exchange rate regimes, amplified partially fluctuations and disequilibria of RER, notably in emergent countries. Then, the frequent exchange rate fluctuations, called volatility of RER, and the recurrent distortion, called misalignment of RER, build generally a matrix of crises and lower economic performance. These considerations drove economists to reconsider the question of the variability of RER, its determinants and its induced effects on the economic growth in emergent countries. Also, this question occupies a crucial position in research articulating macroeconomic and international finance. Our thesis appears in such a perspective of research; it is a reflection on the characterization of the nature and the extent of the mediation between RER variability and economic growth in the context of International Financial Integration The empirical validation of such a characterization took support on a widened sample constituted of heterogeneous emergent countries, on the one hand, and on an intensive recourse to econometric tools, on the other one. In addition, it has been question of empiric estimation articulating relatively recent econometric techniques, as the GMM in dynamic panel, panel co-integration and the method of Dynamics of Least Squared (DOLS). To the term of this empirical effort, we are allowed to note that the RER variability is an explanatory element of the economic decrease in emergent countries, decrease amplified by the IFI that intensifies this variability
Duval, Romain. "Déterminants de long terme des taux de change réels." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010019.
Full textEgert, Balazs. "Le taux de change réel dans la transition des pays d'Europe centrale et orientale : aspects théoriques et empiriques." Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100079.
Full textFirst, we study the Balassa-Samuelson effect in the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia. We use time series and panel cointegration techniques and show that the BS effect works reasonably well in the transition economies under study during the period from 1991:Q1 to 2001:Q2. However, we find that productivity growth does not fully translate into price increases because of the construction of the CPI indexes. We therefore argue that productivity growth won't hinder meeting the Maastricht criterion on inflation in the medium term. In addition, the observed appreciation of the CPI-deflated real exchange rate is found to be systematically higer compared with the real appreciation the Balassa-Samuelson effect could justify. .
Chnaina, Khaled. "Les effets de la variabilité du taux de change réel sur le commerce extérieur : le cas de la Tunisie." Thesis, Pau, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PAUU2008/document.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is the analysis of the variability of the real effective exchange rate (REER) on foreign trade total and sectoral of Tunisia over the period 1975-2009. Variability REER means volatility and misalignment. Volatility is measured by the mobile standard deviation (ETM) and the GARCH (1, 1). However, the misalignment of REER is measured by the deviation from the equilibrium rate given by three theories of exchange rate equilibrium namely the Edwards model, BEER and NATREX. Using estimates of exports and imports models with / without breaks, the results showed that the effects of volatility on trade are not very relevant in the long term. But the effects of the exchange rate misalignment appear very relevant mainly when the sectoral trade flows are used
Stemitsiotis, Loukas. "Parité de pouvoir d'achat et taux de change de référence." Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010020.
Full textThe purpose of thisthesis is to define macroeconomic equilibrium exchange rates, given the interdependent nature of the industrial economies. First we consider the rates implied by the purchasing power parity theory and test its validity. Our results reject this theory in both its absolute and relative version. Second, we try to explain deviations from P. P. P. Using long-term relationships and taking into account structural variables of the economies. The real exchange rate is proved to be positively related to the level of real income per capita, to relative productivity, to tha quality of trade specialization, and to the relative saging rate. Third, we propose two models in order to establish medium-term equilibrium exchange rates. The first one is based on the principle of proportionnal distribution of world disequilibria between countries. The second one refers to a balanced trade account, which in turn is determined by differencies in growth rates and price competitiveness. Equilibrium exchange rates resulting from these models can be used as reference values in the framework of international management of the exchange rates of the major industrial countries
Sy, Mouhamadou. "Trois essais en politique monétaire et flux de capitaux dans un monde globalisé." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0134.
Full textThe objective of this PhD thesis, which consists of three chapters in the area of international monetary macroeconomics, is to study the triptych of globalization17, monetary policy and capital flows. Monetary policy in open economies takes a central place in it. At the heart of the thesis, however, are the causal links between globalization, monetary policy and capital flows. The first chapter concerns the link between monetary policy and globalization. It attempts explaining the origins of the global disinflation. The second chapter studies how imbalances in the balance of payments arise in a monetary union. It places the focus on the Dutch disease and its compatibility with the intertemporal approach to the current account. The third chapter studies what causes variations in real exchange rates in developing countries and also places the focus on the Dutch disease syndrome by unifying it with the theory of the transfer paradox. The three chapters are based in three big international debates. The first one is linked to the conduct of monetary policy in a world which has become very interconnected, in the commercial and financial sector. The second is connected to the economic and financial crisis in the euro area. The third touches on the debate on the efficiency of development aid in the light of the objectives of the Millennium Development Goals (MDG)
Hoarau, Jean-François. "Le mésalignement du taux de change réel dans le cadre d'une petite économie ouverte : causes, procédures d'estimation et politiques de correction : une application à l'économie Australienne." La Réunion, 2004. http://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/04_18_Hoarau.pdf.
Full textThis thesis aims at analysing the conceptual and operational aspects of the real exchange rate misalignment for a small open economy. The first part focuses on the theoretical definition of the real misalignment. For that purpose, we introduce a new version of the NATREX model which studies the importance of several crucial structural parameters and the effect of a set of fondamental determinants on the equilibrium real exchange rate. The second part deals with the operational aspects of the real misalignment for Australia over the period 1976-2000. On one hand, we determine by means of econometric tools some indicators for the equilibrium real exchange rate and the misalignment, and the possible presence of structural breaks in the misalignment behavior. On the hand, we show that economic policy holds a decisive place in the real exchange rate distortions analysis. Indeed, this one can be both a cause of and a cure for the misalignment
Labsis, Djed. "Détermination, évaluation et gestion du taux de change : analyse à l'équilibre de long terme pour un pays en développement exportateur de pétrole : le cas de l'Algérie." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0164.
Full textConducted in the framework of economic modeling, the current thesis attempts to study the behavior of the exchange rate in a developing country almost exclusively depending on oil exports, the example of Algeria. To do this, two main angles analysis are privileged. Firstly, our approach is to determine theoretically and evaluate empirically a level of equilibrium real exchange rate, which focuses on the articulation between two dimensions, namely economic (first part) and political (second part) dimensions. Secondly, our analysis is to suggest a theatrical choice of the optimal exchange rate regime (third part). The first part of this thesis (chapters 1, 2 and 3) examines the economic aspect of the problem. After dealing with the concept of exchange rate, and tracing back its main equilibrium approaches (PPA, FEER [DEER], NATREX, BEER), in this theoretical review the relationship between the equilibrium exchange rate and its economic fundamentals vector (first step of "BEER") is stressed through a general equilibrium models. Empirically, the "cointegration" analysis (second step of "BEER") allows evaluating the misalignments of exchange rate of Algerian dinar. The second part (chapters 4 and 5), looking at political aspect of the problem, addresses the link between the management of the oil profits and exchange rate movements. Our theoretical review allows studying the institutional role of the State (defined in terms of redistributing of oil rents), in determination of long-run real exchange rate. Descriptive and empirical analysis for the case of Algeria, permit to emphasis the institutional implications (the quality of political governance) on behavior of exchange rate of Algerian dinar. The last part (chapter 6) focuses on exchange rates management. It addresses the history, the typology, and the perspectives of international exchange rate systems, as well as the link between the choice of exchange regimes and the economic performance. The specification of small oil rich economy (example of Algeria), is a motivating factor to propose a macroeconomic model targeting, in which the determination of Optimal Currency Baskets allows the achievement of economic stabilization objectives
Mahamat, Al-Habo. "La politique de change et l'évolution des taux de change effectifs réels dans les pays en voie de développement au cours des deux dernières décennies : (1974-1987)." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991CLF10103.
Full textAvallone, Nathalie. "Taux de change réels et dynamique de la spécialisation internationale : une application à huit pays émergents." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA01A080.
Full textUsupbeyli, Akin. "Taux de change réels d’équilibre et dynamiques d’ajustement non- linéaires : Une application aux données de la Turquie." Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100041.
Full textIn this thesis, we seek to measure the misalignment of real exchange rate of the Turkish lira relative to its equilibrium value and to explore the nature of its adjustment. To do this, we re-examine the NATREX model of Lim and Stein (1997) through an investigation of nonlinear adjustment towards a long run equilibrium value. Using monthly data of the Turkish lira and macroeconomic fundamentals associated to NATREX model, we find evidence of nonlinearity in the estimated deviation from equilibrium which is well approximated by smooth transition error correction model of van Dijk and Franses (2000) with an exponential transition function (ESTECM) and with a quadratic logistic transition function (QLSTECM), the parameters of which suggest relatively slow and nonlinear adjustment of the real exchange rate towards its long run equilibrium value. Finally, we generalize the standard ESTECM and QLSTECM models by introducing time-varying thresholds into the standard transition function with au application of Hodrick-Prescott filter. By doing so we try to take into account transaction costs which vary over time
Encontre, Pierre. "Détermination du taux de change d'équilibre en économie sous-développée : application à huit pays d'Afrique centrale." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985CLF1D030.
Full textGuillotte, Marie-Claude. "Le rôle des prix du pétrole et du gaz naturel, des exportations et du taux de change réel sur le secteur manufacturier du Canada et du Québec de 1976 à 2007." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2009. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/317.
Full textGuati, Rizlane. "La politique de change dans trois économies méditerranéennes : un essai d'évaluation des taux de change réels d'équilibre à partir d'une approche macroéconométrique : cas du Maroc, Tunisie et Egypte." Lyon, École normale supérieure lettres et sciences humaines, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ENSF0045.
Full textThe aims of this thesis is to estimate the equilibrium real exchange rate of three mediterranean countries : Egypt, Tunisia, Morocco. We have make use of a multinational model describing foreign exchanges with USA, Japan, Europe and the rest of the world during a period of 1980 to 2003, and as a theoretical framework we have used the FEER model (Fundamental Equilibrium Exchange Rate) in the sens of Williamson. The current account balance targets, which are based on an estimation of mean-time determinants of current account, were calculated with an econometric procedure of dynamic panel using generalized moments GMM. We show as results of this thesis, that these countries' currencies are characterized with strong misalignments that explain theirs current disequilibriums and their vulnerability to external chocks
El, Gemayel Joseph. "De la dynamique monétaire du processus hyperinflationniste dans une économie ouverte de petite taille : le cas du Liban." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010043.
Full textKinda, Tidiane. "LES DETERMINANTS, LES CONSEQUENCES ET LA GESTION DES FLUX DE CAPITAUX PRIVES DANS LES PAYS EN DEVELOPPEMENT." Phd thesis, Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00426893.
Full textPhi, Minh Hong. "Déterminants de la causalité entre le développement financier et le commerce international." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMR067.
Full textMajor changes in international trade related to the crucial participation of emerging countries inworld markets have been challenging the traditional perception of trade. Instead of only specializing inthe products in which they have a comparative advantage, developing countries consider export diversificationas an alternative way to improve economic growth and reduce external adverse shocks. Besides,the global financial crisis in 2008 raised the need for an examination of the relationship between realexchange rate (RER) and trade.In this line, this thesis attempts to investigate the causal link between export diversification andRER in the middle-income countries. Firstly, we find a bidirectional causality between our two variablesof interest. By differentiating the countries’ exports by destination, the same bidirectional link isrecorded in the case of South-North trade, while a unidirectional causality running from RER to exportdiversification is recorded in the South-South trade.Secondly, we compare this relationship between two groups of countries, Asia versus Latin America,and the effect of the two financial crises (in 1997 and 2008) on this link. We show that, regardlessof the financial crises, the bidirectional causality exists for the Latin American countries and the conventionallink from RER to export diversification for Asian countries. However, when accounted forfinancial crises, the bidirectional causality is found in both subgroups.Thirdly, we address the question of the effect of export diversification on price elasticity of importsin two models of integration in the Pacific-Rim, that is: the traditional model (the US) and a new modelof integration (China). We find consistent negative price elasticity of imports for China and a positive onein the case of the US. When their trading partners are successful in diversifying their export destinations,import price elasticity of either China or the US becomes very low. This result challenges our awarenessof the Marshall-Lerner condition.Fourthly, to investigate how a country could diversify her exports, we look at real exchange rateshocks as a factor that may promote firm productivity. Using the difference-in-differences methodologyon firm-level data for Vietnamese manufacturing, we find a positive effect of a persistent real appreciationin the Vietnamese dong on firm productivity. We note that research and development (R&D) could explainthe mechanism by which real appreciation improves firm productivity
Diallo, Ibrahima Amadou. "EXCHANGE RATE POLICY AND PRODUCTIVITY." Phd thesis, Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00997038.
Full textJadoui, Mohammed. "Taux d'interet et taux de change valorisation d'options." Evry-Val d'Essonne, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EVRY0016.
Full textCoulibaly, Dramane. "Essais sur les transferts internationaux : une approche macroéconomique." Phd thesis, Paris 1, 2010. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00903256.
Full textGérard, Marc. "Economic catching-up and monetary integration of Central and Eastern European countries." Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100021.
Full textThis research investigates the challenges of price level catching-up for macroeconomic stability in Central and Eastern European transition countries seeking to enter the Euro area. In this respect, an equilibrium real exchange rate model suggests that the process of real appreciation observed along economic catching-up in these countries can be ascribed to different relative price developments, depending on the exchange rate regime, as exemplified by contrasted external debt trajectories. In flexible exchange rate economies, the increase in the nominal exchange rate fosters an endogenous appreciation of the terms of trade in the medium run, by channelling foreign direct investment and associated productivity gains to the exposed sector of the economy, thus appreciating the equilibrium real exchange rate and strengthening the current account over time. In fixed exchange rate economies, positive valuation effects associated with the increase in domestic relative prices tend to divert investment to the sheltered sector, thus undermining external competitiveness and bringing about higher external debt. Furthermore, monetary integration entails specific risks for macroeconomic stability in catching-up economies, because it implies a process of rapid convergence in the financing conditions across member States, which takes place as soon as the perspective of accession to the common monetary area appears credible. A dynamic, rational expectations model shows that the appreciation of the nominal exchange rate becomes crucial to curtail the economic overheating triggered by the demand shock associated with financial convergence. By contrast, diminishing country risk premia under fixed exchange rate regimes are likely to cause ‘boom bust’ cycles, with an increase in external indebtedness followed by deflationary developments once in the monetary union
Zeng, Songlin. "Nonlinear Time Series Models with Applications in Macroeconomics and Finance." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CERG0638.
Full textThe following three chapters investigate: 1) whether Southeast Asian real exchange rates are nonlinear mean reverting, 2) bayesian inference on nonlinear time series model with applications in real exchange rate, and 3)cyclicality and bounce-back effect in stock market. Since the late nineties, both theoretical and empirical analyses devoted to the real exchange rate suggest that their dynamics might be well approximated by nonlinear models. This paper examines this possibility for post-1970 monthly ASEAN-5 data, extending the existing research in two directions. First, we use recently developed unit root tests which allow for more flexible nonlinear stationary models under the alternative than the commonly used Self-Exciting Threshold or Exponential Smooth Transition AutoRegressions. Second, while different nonlinear models survive the mis-specification tests, a Monte Carlo experiment from generalized impulse response functions is used to compare their relative relevance. Our results support the nonlinear mean-reverting hypothesis, and hence the Purchasing Power Parity, in half the cases and point to the Multiple Regime-Logistic Smooth Transition and the Self-Exciting Threshold AutoRegressive models as the most likely data generating processes of these real exchange rates.Various nonlinear threshold models are employed to mimic the real exchange rate dynamics. A natural question arises: Which model does the best job of modeling the real exchange rate process? It is difficult and not straightforward to formally compare the nonlinear models within classic approach. In the second chapter, we propose to use Bayesian approach to address this issue. The second part of my dissertation actually uses a Bayesian method to estimate some nonlinear time series models, the ACR model, SETAR model, and MAR model. We propose a full Bayesian inference approach and particular attention is paid to the parameters of the threshold variables. We discuss the choice of the prior distributions and propose a Markov-chain Monte Carlo algorithm for estimating both the parameters and the latent variables. A simulation study and the application to real exchange rate data illustrate the analysis. Our empirical results of the second chapter show that i) Bayesian estimations closely match those of the Maximum likelihood for French real exchange rate vis-a-vis Deutsche Mark; ii)the speed of real exchange rate's adjustment to equilibrium level is overestimated if heterogeneous variances in two regimes is not taken into account; iii) ACR model is preferred to other nonlinear threshold models, SETAR and MAR; iv) within ACR class models, the suitable transition function form is selected based on Bayes factor.This paper proposes an empirical study of the shape of recoveries in financial markets from a bounce-back augmented Markov Switching model. It relies on models first applied by Kim, Morley et Piger [2005] to the business cycle analysis. These models are estimated for monthly stock market returns data of five developed countries for the post-1970 period. Focusing on a potential bounce-back effect in financial markets, its presence and shape are formally tested. Our results show that i) the bounce-back effect is statistically significant and large in all countries, but Germany where evidence is less clear-cut and ii) the negative permanent impact of bear markets on the stock price index is notably reduced when the rebound is explicitly taken into account
Adoby, Clément. "Facteurs d'évolution des parts de marché agricole : cas du café et du cacao en Côte d'Ivoire, au Ghana et au Nigéria." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991CLF10112.
Full textLargeteau-Skapin, Gaëlle. "Quantification du taux d'invalidité d'applications temps réel à contraintes strictes." Poitiers, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004POIT2269.
Full textThis work is part of an assistance tool conception project for hard real time application specification: when an application is not feasible, we identify the issues, we propose solutions. This process stands on unfeasability measures, based on real time application models. The first model, based on regular languages, has a great expression capacity (and allows us to reach some theoretical results) it is useful for evaluate the security level of softwares when they are feasible. A structural analysis of this model lead us to upgrade it into a geometrical model, useful to define an feasability measure which can evaluate the degrees of both feasability (when the application is valid) and unfeasability (when it is not). The systems we deal with use resources and run on multiprocessor architectures. Tasks are periodic, can not be parallelised and have different start times
Diallo, Ibrahima Amadou. "Exchange rates policy and productivity." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CLF10405/document.
Full textThis dissertation investigates how the real effective exchange rate (REER) and its associated asurements (REER volatility and REER misalignment) affect total factor productivity growth (TFPG). It also analyzes the channels through which the REER and its associated measurements act on total factor productivity (TFP). The first part studies how the REER itself, on the one hand, and the REER volatility, on the other hand, influence productivity. An analysis of the link between the level of REER and TFP in chapter 1 reveals that an exchange rate appreciation causes an increase of TFP. But this impact is also nonlinear: below the threshold, real exchange rate influences negatively productivity while above the threshold it acts positively. The results of chapter 2 illustrate that REER volatility affects negatively TFPG. We also found that REER volatility acts on TFP according to the level of financial development. For moderately financially developed countries, REER volatility reacts negatively on productivity and has no effect on productivity for very low and very high levels of financial development. The second part examines the channels through which the REER and its associated measurements influence productivity. The results of chapter 3 illustrate that the exchange rate volatility has a strong negative impact on investment. This outcome is robust in low income and middle income countries, and by using an alternative measurement of exchange rate volatility. Chapter 4 show that both real exchange rate misalignment and real exchange rate volatility affect negatively exports. It also demonstrates that real exchange rate volatility is more harmful to exports than misalignment. These outcomes are corroborated by estimations on subsamples of Low- ncome and Middle-Income countries
Zarrad, Olfa. "Le taux de change de l'euro." Grenoble 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE21038.
Full textFor the countries of the euro zone, does the unicity of the nominal exchange rates compared with other currencies go with a differentiation of their effects ? If so, how can we analyse this differentiation ? Is it able to cause divergences affecting the soutenability of this area ? This work is organized as follows: a first part devoted to the study of the euro exchange rate in an aggregate point of view, and a second one devoted to the analysis of the differentiated effects of the euro exchange rate on national economies. Our outcome of the first part reveals no relationship of cointegration between the euro -dollar and the "fundamentals" This result allows us to assume that these economies are not exposed to a problem of aggregation. It is then necessary to make a comparative analysis of the effects of these exchange rates on the national economies. Although the members of the euro zone are sharing the same nominal variables, their sensibility to a same exchange rate depends on their opening degree and the composition of their trade. There is thus a divergence of the real effective exchange rates. But in another side, these variations of the real effective exchange rate compensate the inflation gaps within the euro zone. For that, we make an original use of the indicators of monetary conditions (IMC) to compare the situation of several members of the euro zone. The real effective exchange rates have a compensatory effect. Under the present conditions, we think that these differences are not dangerous for the soutenability of the euro zone
Preumont, Pierre-Yves. "La dynamique des taux de change." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211603.
Full textAflouk, Nabil. "Régimes de change, taux de change d'équilibre et croissance économique." Paris 13, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA131016.
Full textMalka, Bruno. "Choix et défense d'un taux de change." Paris 9, 1986. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1986PA090058.
Full textMorvillier, Florian. "Taux de change d’équilibre et déséquilibres macroéconomiques." Thesis, Paris 10, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA100030.
Full textThis thesis aims to study the dynamics and determinants of the exchange rate, paying particular attention to the link between internal and external imbalances. The first chapter examines the effect of the euro adoption on the vulnerability of the current account to demand and exchange rate misalignments shocks. Our results show that, with the adoption of the single currency, the vulnerability of the current account to demand shocks and exchange rate misalignments increases considerably. The second chapter of the thesis provides an in-depth analysis of the robustness of the Balassa Samuelson (BS) effect for a panel of 38 developing and emerging economies over the period 1980-2016. We examine the internal and external versions of the BS hypothesis based on five different measures. We show that the internal version of the BS effect is validated only if the labour productivity differential between tradable and non-tradable sectors is used. We also find a robust effect of the relative price of non-traded to traded goods on the real effective exchange rate (REER). The third chapter studies the non-linear effects of infrastructure on the REER by estimating a Panel Smooth Transition Regression (PSTR) model, aiming to highlight a differentiated impact of infrastructure on the REER depending on the value taken by a transition variable. We consider three different transition variables: the telecommunications stock per 1000 workers, the Electricity Generating Capacity (EGC) per 1000 workers and the quality of the electricity network. When the network is not completed or the infrastructure stock is low, an increase in EGC and telecommunications stock depreciates the REER, while the additional depreciation is lower or non-existent once the network is established. The results obtained are discussed in the light of several transmission channels
Ghadban, Socrat. "Le taux de change et la demande touristique." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00937271.
Full textOmrani, Walid. "Dynamique des taux de change et mémoire longue." Paris 10, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA100034.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is double. The first objective is modelling the complex dynamics that governs daily returns of exchange rates of the G7 as well as their conditional volatilities. We will try to propose an econometric model able to take account of a long memory component simultaneously in the conditional mean and a second component long memory in the equation of the conditional volatility. The second objective of this thesis is to show the superiority of the approach based on long memory processes in relation to the linear approach, vis-a-vis of the survey of the efficiency theory to the weak sense. It is also about putting in evidence the importance of the modelling of the conditional variance and his/her/its contribution to this theory. The second objective of this thesis is to show the superiority of the approach based on processes to long memory in relation to the linear approach, vis-a-vis of the survey of the efficiency theory. Also, we show the importance of the modelling of the conditional variance and its contribution to this theory
Vanelle, Valérie. "Stabilisation des taux de change et commerce européen." Bordeaux 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR40017.
Full textSince the collapse ofbretton woods system, the impact of exchange rate volatility on international trade flows has been widely researched. However, few studies analysed whether exchange rate stabilization, achieved through the exchange rate mechanism of the ems, led to an increase in european trade (as it is often argued). The debate became topical again with the ems crisis in the early 1990s. In this study, we attempt not only to evaluate precisely the impact of exchange rate volatility on trade but we also examine whether stabilization is a better alternative. In the first part, we show that it is important to distinguish between short term and long term volatility. A survey of the empirical and theoretical literature leads us to conclude that there is a negative and statistically significant link between exchange rate volatility and trade, even though it is rather weak. The important problem of the measure of exchange rate volatility is examined. An econometric analysis, which focuses on european countries and long term volatility, is also conducted. In the second part, factors, susceptible of reducing this negative relation, are identified (the concept of pricing to market, the use of forward markets, the diversification of activities). Not only do they explain the weakness of the empirical relation but they also cast doubt on the utility itself of exchange rate stabilization. Finally, we examine the cost of stabilization for ems member countries. Internally, it could be expressed as a transfer of volatility to other countries' macroeconomic variables, detrimental impact on growth or as a specific exchange risk in this type of system. Externally, the positive impact on trade between ems members might generate a negative impact on trade between ems countries and the rest of the world which is ruled by floating exchange rates. A brief study of the impact of emu on Euro/Dollar volatility is also conducted
Sopraseuth, Thepthida. "Dynamique du taux de change et fluctuations internationale." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010054.
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