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Filinger, Marek. "Deferred Tax and its Conceptual Complexities." Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2005. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-76826.
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This dissertation entitled "Deferred Tax and its Conceptual Complexities" addresses two immensely complex and intricate issues of deferred taxes and business combinations. Its aim is not only to analyse the development of accounting standards both individually and in mutual dependence, but also, with the help of scholarly works and practical reflections, to draw conclusions on the current state of accounting for deferred tax and on the process of international convergence. In order to achieve this goal, the following approaches were used: close reading of accounting standards as well as professional papers, analysis of the past development from both historical and regional perspective, and deduction of the author's personal conclusions using illustrative charts and a practical example. The dissertation is composed of three interlocking parts looking at deferred tax on its own, the deferred tax in business combinations and deferred tax in a broader context. It is evident, that deferred tax lies at the core of the whole study; however, it does not mean that the ultimate purpose was to dwell on its tiniest details. On the contrary, details, such as the distinction between enacted and substantively enacted tax rates and laws, are pointed out only to shed additional light on the general situation -- especially as the short-term convergence project on deferred taxes is coming to its end -- and on the role of rules versus principles in the current accounting standards, especially on the role of the true and fair view principle. In the first part, the fundamental building blocks (such as the methods of accounting for deferred taxes and the various differences) are introduced from the viewpoint of standards applicable in the United Kingdom, the United States of America, the Czech Republic, and of International Financial Reporting Standards. All the standards are first discussed in chronological order with only the defining issues being analysed; afterwards, the standards are grouped according to the relevant standard setters and discussed in greater detail. The overall picture summarises the main points of the first three chapters. The second part provides the reader first with a general overview of deferred taxes in business combinations, and then focuses on deferred tax assets and the temporary difference arising from the initial recognition of goodwill. The conceptual inconsistencies and the gradually increasing complexity are portrayed using illustrative charts and the results of a simplified practical example based on the data taken from the standards themselves. The conclusion of this part is quite simple: something needs to be done. The question is what. The third part tries to provide the answer. The tentative conclusion is that the path followed by UK standards might currently be the most principle-based, and therefore it could be worth looking at; moreover, it can show that the effort devoted to the reconciliation of US and international standards might be worthless unless it also reconsiders the logic of using the balance sheet liability method with comprehensive allocation but without discounting. The competition among individual standard setters has proved to be of a great importance as it demonstrates that the acceptable alternatives are working not only in the minds of academics, but also in the real world. Finally, the issues of individual responsibility and professional judgement are raised, the pros and cons weighed, and the direction for further research indicated.
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Jesus, José Guilherme Moutinho Pimpão da Conceição de. "Deferred tax assets in portuguese banking." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/13318.
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Mestrado em FinançasOs ativos por impostos diferidos na banca Português têm aumentado tremendamente nos últimos anos. Neste trabalho, tentamos alcançar algumas conclusões sobre o impacto e a relevância destes tipos de ativos nos resultados e desempenho bancário nacional. Foi realizada uma análise estatística e econométrica para testar a relevância e significância destes ativos na banca nacional. Concluímos que a ponderação e a quantidade de DTAs no sistema bancário Português têm, efetivamente, influenciado os resultados bancários, especialmente após a introdução da nova diretiva CRD IV / CRR em 2014. Concluímos também que a acumulação e a falta de condições favoráveis à reversão deste tipo de ativos no contexto nacional veio apresentar alguns cenários não previstos.
Deferred Tax Assets in Portuguese banking have increased tremendously during the past few years. In this paper we try to achieve some conclusions about the impact and relevance of these types of assets in banking results and performance. We conducted a Statistic and Econometric analysis to test the relevance and significance of these assets in results. We have concluded that the weighting and amount of Dta's in the Portuguese banking system has indeed influenced results, especially after the introduction of the new CRD IV / CRR directive in 2014. We have also concluded that the accumulation of these assets and the lack of reversal conditions in the Portuguese banking systems has brought some unpredicted scenarios.
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Ho, Anson Tai Yat. "On the effects of tax-deferred saving accounts." Diss., University of Iowa, 2011. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1147.
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In this dissertation, I develop a framework to study the effects of tax-deferred saving accounts on the aggregate economy. I incorporate tax-deferred saving accounts in a theoretical model of household's life-cycle decisions, which is then linked to the real world data by calibration. I study the effects of tax-deferred saving accounts on the aggregate savings and the aggregate output, and further analyze their impacts of different policy changes.
In the first chapter, I present the important features of tax-deferred saving accounts in the U.S. and their institutional changes over time. I highlight the differences between IRA and 401(k) on their contribution limits and household's eligibility. While IRA has a lower contribution limit and is available to all households, 401(k) has a much higher contribution limit but is only accessible by a fraction of households.
In the second chapter, I present an overlapping-generations model to capture the effects of tax-deferred saving accounts in a general equilibrium framework. There are four key aspects to the model: first, households can save in both ordinary saving account and tax-deferred saving account. Second, there is a nonlinear progressive income tax system. Third, households are heterogeneous in their labor productivity and 401(k) eligibility. Fourth, households decide consumption, savings and labor supply endogenously. The model is calibrated to the US economy in 2000, with the distribution of 401(k) eligibility being an endogenous outcome that matches the data reported in Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) in 2001.
In the third chapter, I study the quantitative effects of tax-deferred saving accounts on the aggregate economy and investigate their policy implications. Specifically, I estimate the macroeconomic impacts of eliminating tax-deferred saving accounts from the economy. To highlight the role played by the heterogeneity of 401(k) eligibility, I conduct a quantitative exercise that provide universal 401(k) eligibility to all households. In these experiments, I maintain government revenue neutrality by introducing a new proportional income tax (subsidy) that has the same effects as a upward (downward) shift of all marginal tax rates in the US income tax schedule. Since the institutional settings of tax-deferred saving accounts essentially provide consumption tax treatments on households retirement savings, I further explore the implications of tax-deferred saving accounts for a proportional consumption tax reform. Results from this study indicate that tax-deferred saving accounts have significant impacts on the aggregate economy and demonstrate that these accounts substantially reduce the impacts of a consumption tax reform.
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Hamilton, John Russell. "New Evidence on Investors' Valuation of Deferred Tax Liabilities." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10748935.
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Although deferred tax liabilities represent a significant liability for most firms, prior research provides mixed evidence concerning investors' valuation of these items. Using an expanded data set of hand-collected tax footnotes, I examine (1) whether investors recognize depreciation-related deferred tax liabilities as economic burdens, and if so, (2) how investors measure the effect of these liabilities. I find evidence suggesting that investors price depreciation-related deferred tax liabilities as economic burdens and show that my primary findings are robust to the use of a changes-based methodology. I also examine various factors that could affect investors' measurement of these liabilities. In doing so, I develop a new method to identify tax-sensitive firms to implement my tests. This method incorporates forward-looking profit expectations without a look-ahead bias. Finally, I provide evidence of circumstances where investors discount deferred tax liabilities despite current accounting standards prohibiting managers from discounting these deferred tax liabilities in the reported financial statements. As depreciation-related deferred tax liabilities are among the largest and most common deferred tax liabilities, my study provides important insights into investors' valuation of firms' tax planning.
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Eberhartinger, Eva, Soojin Lee, and Nadia Genest. "Practitioners' Judgment and Deferred Tax Disclosure: A Case for Materiality." WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, Universität Wien, 2014. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4167/1/SSRN%2Did2442817.pdf.
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Against the background of increasing tension between the need for additional disclosure and an information overload in financial statements, this study investigates the relevance of specific tax accounting information in an experimental setting. Participants make judgments on the financial performance, investment attractiveness and tax position of the firm, in absence or in presence of detailed tax information in the other comprehensive income statement. Our results do not support the notion that such deferred tax information has an effect on the judgment of experts, as long as the amounts of deferred tax are normal. However, when the detailed amounts of deferred tax are abnormally high, judgment differs significantly. Our result is important for standard setters, as they may consider further developing guidance in standards (such as IAS 1 and IAS 12) and in the Practice Statement for how to judge materiality of information, in accordance with the materiality principle set forth in IAS 1.31. By doing so, the risk of information overload can be reduced. Our study thus contributes to the current debate on the extent of disclosure. Our results are novel and the method used allows for the isolation of effects and the identification of causal relationships.Series: WU International Taxation Research Paper Series
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Mandryková, Lucie. "Účetní závěrka akciových společností." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-11089.
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The primary purpose of this thesis is to describe all areas of presentation of the financial statements in shareholders corporation according to the Czech accounting standards and Czech legal environment. Theoretical part of the thesis describes the general principles of the preparation of the financial statements followed by detailed analysis of four key areas associated with the financial statements. Theoretical part starts with focus on the year ending accounting procedures including inventory, control of accruals and deferrals, impairment of assets, depreciation, appreciation and tax due as well as deferred tax. Subsequently, it describes the actual closing of the accounts followed by the description of the financial statements. Theoretical part is completed by description of all related subsequent events such as audit, declaration of taxes, preparation of annual report and publication duties of the corporation. Practical part of the thesis focused on application of the theoretical findings on the process of the 2008 financial statements preparation of Planet A Corporation and evaluation of the financial statements and accounting as a true presentation of the company. Discrepancies and potential mistakes were commented with recommendation of possible solutions presented to the company management. Finally, the financial statements were considered as representing the true financial situation of the company.
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Gibler, Rhonda K. "Participation in tax deferred retirement programs in a defined benefit environment." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4428.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (February 27, 2007) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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De, Jager Daniël Theodorus. "Disclosure of deferred tax a descriptive study into the appropriateness of different classification methods /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2008. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11122008-173759/.
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Jackson, Mark 1963. "Book-tax differences and earnings growth." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10224.
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x, 65 p. : ill. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.I examine the relation between book-tax differences (BTDs) and earnings growth. Because financial accounting rules afford managers more flexibility and discretion in reporting than tax accounting rules, prior studies suggest that large differences between book and taxable income indicate lower quality (or less persistent) earnings. Lev and Nissim and Hanlon provide evidence that BTDs contain information about future firm performance, but the nature of the causality in this relation is not clear. While BTDs could proxy for earnings quality, they may also reveal underlying economic events or management's private information about future performance or simply predict future reversals in effective tax rates. I divide total BTDs into their measurable components: temporary (deferred taxes) and non-temporary (permanent differences and tax accruals), and test their relation with the components of net income changes: pretax earnings changes and tax expense changes. I hypothesize that the non-temporary component of BTDs is negatively related to future changes in tax expense, whereas the temporary component of BTDs is negatively related to changes in future pretax earnings. I also examine the maintained hypothesis that the lower earnings growth for large BTD firms is due to earnings management. I use various proxies from prior literature to identify firms potentially managing earnings and test whether the presence or absence of suspected earnings management activity alters the relation between BTDs and earnings changes. My results provide compelling evidence that permanent BTDs are related only to future changes in tax expense, and temporary BTDs are related to changes in pretax earnings. These results are robust to multiple sensitivity analyses, including a replication of the sample and methodology of Lev and Nissim. The results also hold in the case of firms not suspected of earnings management. In fact, 1 find only limited evidence that the results are stronger in the presence of earnings management. Overall, my study suggests that it is only the temporary component of BTDs that is related to future firm performance, with non-temporary differences being related to future tax expense changes, and that these results are primarily due to underlying economic factors, not earnings management.
Committee in charge: David Guenther, Chairperson, Accounting; Steven Matsunaga, Member, Accounting; Linda Krull, Member, Accounting; Glen Waddell, Outside Member, Economics
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Podzimková, Martina. "Odložená daň." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-10499.
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The diploma thesis reviews the problematics of deferred tax. It presents the historical context leading to introduction of deferred tax and explains different approaches to its calculation and reporting. The thesis is focused both on the Czech accounting legislation and on IFRS (International Financial Reporting Standards). Illustrative examples are included in order to facilate the understanding of the presented concepts. The work is concluded by a practical part dealing with the usage of deferred tax in one Czech company.
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Nicholls, Madeleine. "Impact of deferred tax credits on the balance sheet in 1980 and 1987 /." Title page, contents and introduction only, 1988. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09EC/09ecn615.pdf.
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Milde, Michael [Verfasser]. "Essays on the effects of deferred taxation and tax audit negotiations / Michael Milde." Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1224045858/34.
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Kartáková, Romana. "Odložená daň." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-162906.
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This thesis deals with the issue of deferred tax which is an important accounting area because it affects the amount of disposable profit. The theoretical part describes the income tax and explains the difference between current and deferred tax. It specifies the accounting legislation of the Czech Republic and International Financial Reporting Standards which relate to deferred tax. It analyzes the center and meaning of deferred tax, describes titles that lead to its creation. It explains the process of calculation, accounting and reporting of deferred tax. The practical part deals with titles leading to deferred tax, calculation, accounting and reporting of deferred tax in the given company. It refers to the effect on profit and profitability of the given company which is part of the analysis of deferred tax of the last three accounting periods.
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Zikirina, Kristina. "Odložená daň v konsolidované účetní závěrce při přechodu z US GAAP na IFRS." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-360438.
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This diploma thesis deals with the deferred tax issue in the context of changing the US GAAP accounting system to IFRS. First of all, it summarizes the theoretical approaches to recognition, measurement and reporting of deferred tax and examines the factors, which could affect its appearance in the individual and consolidated financial statements. Then this diploma thesis focuses on the comparison between the US GAAP and IFRS rules regarding deferred tax accounting. The output of this comparison is demonstrated in a form of analysis table pointing to the fundamental conceptual differences. Next part of the thesis presents the first IFRS adoption issue in relation to IFRS 1, where the effect of the first adoption on the presented deferred tax is accentuated. After all, the findings from the theoretical part of the diploma thesis are applied in the practical example of PJSC LUKOIL, which had to change US GAAP to IFRS in 2014 due to the new legislation requirement. This last part examines the differential attitudes of both accounting systems to deferred tax and presentation and significance of deferred tax at the first IFRS adoption.
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Artemov, A. (Andrey). "The use of deferred tax components in detecting earnings management:evidence from Finnish public firms." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2018. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201806062515.
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The purpose of the thesis is to explore the usefulness of information from deferred tax disclosures in detecting earnings management. A deferred tax disclosure is seen as a dashboard that informs users of accounts influenced the most by managerial judgement.
This study contributes to the literature in the several ways. Firstly, unlike the vast majority of previous research, it provides empirical evidence outside of the USA. Finland was chosen as a country with a high quality of the institutional environment and comparably low levels of earnings management among public firms. My empirical analysis covers a decade (2007–2016), which is almost the entire period since the adoption of IFRS by the country in 2005. Data on the composition of deferred taxes used in the analysis were not available via any of the databases and thus were hand-collected from firms’ annual reports. To mitigate potential bias resulting from mergers, acquisitions, divestitures, or discontinued operations, only the changes in deferred taxes that flow through the income statement are considered. Besides, the new classification of deferred tax components is developed and applied.
I formulate hypotheses in relation to earnings management around two earnings targets: reaching positive earnings (avoidance of a loss) and exceeding the prior year’s earnings (avoidance of an earnings decline). Each of the two sets of hypotheses consists of three sub-hypotheses that focus on the usefulness of total net deferred tax liability, deferred tax component related to provisions and reserves, and deferred tax component related to “other” temporary differences. I doubt the usefulness of total net deferred tax liability in detecting earnings management because of its heterogeneous composition. The study extends previous research on the use of deferred tax component related to provisions and reserves in detecting earnings management. Deferred tax disclosures are not fully transparent in terms of sources of temporary differences, and a considerable part of deferred taxes is hidden behind the label of “other”. The testing of this category of deferred taxes is conducted for the first time.
The obtained results show that only change in deferred tax component related to provisions and reserves provides important information on earnings management to avoid an earnings decline. Thus, a significant change in this component of deferred taxes can be used as a complementary indicator of possible earnings management for users of financial information. Although, given the relatively small number of observations, the significance of the obtained results is rather moderate. Another limitation of such types of studies is an assumption that tax accounts are free from manipulation, so changes in deferred taxes properly highlight managerial discretion over book accounts.
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Buzková, Veronika. "Problematika odložené daně a jejího vykazování." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-198218.
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The diploma thesis focuses on deferred tax. It characterizes this accounting category and describes various theoretical approaches to its calculation. It deals with its historical development and the current regulation of its recognition and presentation in financial statements. The thesis contains rules set by IFRS as well as Czech accounting legislation. It explains the most common situations where deferred tax liability and deferred tax asset arises. The practical part compares chosen theoretical knowledge with its practical application. It assesses correctness of presentation of deferred tax in practice. The thesis deals with the question whether accounting units make mistakes when presenting deferred tax and whether they provide sufficient additional information to users of financial statements. Significance of deferred tax in balance sheet and income statement is subject to interest too.
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Yamori, Nobuyoshi, and Ayami Kobayashi. "Wealth Effect of Public Fund Injections to Ailing Banks: Do Deferred Tax Assets and Auditing Firms Matter?" 名古屋大学大学院経済学研究科附属国際経済政策研究センター, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/11929.
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Ribal, Anthony James. "The Relation Between a Deferred Tax Valuation Allowance Release and Earnings Growth and External Monitoring." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1526.
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I investigate whether management’s decision to release or maintain the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets provides incremental information regarding pretax earnings growth in the following earnings period. I classify firm-years into two categories; valuation allowance release firm-years and valuation allowance maintain firm-years. The results of this study suggest that a release of the valuation allowance in the current period is positively associated with pretax earnings growth in the following period. This paper also studies whether a release of the valuation allowance yields increased external monitoring, and finds evidence that suggests an association.
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Riis, Paulina. "Tax Evasion : - A Study of Swedish Firms’ Compliance Due to Audits." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-203604.
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Tax agencies spend a lot of resources in overseeing tax evasion, without truly knowing what the effect on compliance is. The research area concerning the effects of audits is understudied, however more knowledge exists concerning the impact on individuals rather than on the impact on firms. The objective of this thesis is to examine the plausible behavioural changes among Swedish firms due to audits. The thesis is based on firms’ own reported VAT returns; it is their own behavioural change that is estimated, and not an involuntary change due to enforced payments or fines. The visible effects are solely due to the firm’s awareness of the supervision of the Swedish Tax Agency. The results, from a fixed effects regression, indicate that the audit do affect the firms’ level of compliance. The probability of an increased reported turnover is significant both at the extensive margin but also at other intervals. For the input VAT effects can be observed at several intervals, however not at the extensive margin.
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Heydenberk, Alexa. "The Impact of the Current Disclosure Requirements Surrounding Permanently Reinvested Earnings." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1495.
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This paper looks at the difference in disclosure requirements between the foreign earnings that companies plan to repatriate back to the United States and those that companies plan to permanently reinvest abroad. The concepts of transparency and compliance are addressed as issues related to the current disclosure requirements surrounding permanently reinvested earnings and the associated unrecognized deferred tax liability. The resulting implications on investors as well as the effects of tax holidays will also be discussed. Overall, this paper aims to prove the need for modification of the current disclosure requirements regarding foreign earnings labeled as permanently reinvested earnings as well as stricter regulation of these requirements in order to increase company compliance.
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Rodrigues, Francisco Maria Mota. "Relevância dos impostos diferidos : caso das empresas cotadas em Portugal." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/11676.
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Mestrado em Contabilidade, Fiscalidade e Finanças EmpresariaisEste estudo pretende investigar se os investidores atribuem valor relevante aos impostos diferidos (ID) e aos seus componentes, na determinação do valor de mercado das empresas cotadas no PSI Geral para o triénio de 2009-2011. Para este efeito, agrupámos os componentes de ID em 7 categorias de ativos por impostos diferidos (AID) e 6 categorias de passivos por impostos diferidos (PID), em função da natureza das transações que lhes deram origem. Os resultados da investigação revelaram que os investidores atribuem valor relevante a: 1) ativos por impostos diferidos originados por prejuízos fiscais, fundos de pensões, ativos fixos tangíveis, intangíveis e outros e efeitos de consolidação; e 2) passivos por impostos diferidos originados por fundos de pensões, instrumentos financeiros e outros. À exceção dos AID originados por ativos fixos tangíveis, intangíveis e outros e dos PID originados por fundos de pensões, os resultados revelaram que os investidores valorizam estes AID (PID) da mesma forma que outros ativos (passivos) Isto é, esperando que estes AID (PID) resultem em poupança fiscal futura (agravamento fiscal futuro), com um consequente impacto na distribuição de resultados futuros. Verificámos também que o preço das ações é: 1) negativamente associado aos AID originados por ativos fixos e outros, o que poderá evidenciar que os investidores acreditam que as perdas de justo valor dos ativos serão revertidas aquando da recuperação do setor imobiliário; e 2) positivamente associado aos PID originados por fundos de pensões, o que poderá indicar que os investidores também consideram que estes PID serão corrigidos.
The aim of this research was to examine if investors assign value relevance to deferred taxes and their components, in determining equity valuation for the companies listed in the PSI GERAL índex for the 2009-2011 triennium. For this purpose, we grouped these components into 7 categories of deferred tax assets (DTA) and 6 categories of deferred tax liabilities (DTL), according to the nature of the transactions that gave rise to them. The findings gathered in this study suggest that investors attach value relevance to: 1) DTA arising from tax losses, pension benefits, fixed tangible and intangible assets and others and consolidation effects; and 2) DTL arising from pension benefits, financial instruments and other DTL. With exception for DTA arising from tangible and intangible assets and others, and DTL arising from pension benefits, the findings suggest that investors value these DTA (DTL) in the same manner that other assets (liabilities). That is to say they expect these will result in future tax savings (future additional tax), with a consequent impact on the distribution of future results. The findings also suggest that stock prices are: 1) negatively associated with DTA originated from fixed and intangible assets and others, possibly because investors believe that the losses in the fair value of the assets will be reversed at the time of the recovery of the real estate sector; and 2) positively associated with DTL originated from pension benefits, probably because investors also consider that these DTL will be corrected.
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Litvanová, Lucie. "Daně ze zisku." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-73796.
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Diploma thesis deals with problems with accounting and presentation of income taxes, with their impact on accounting profit or loss and with the recognition of deferred tax in respect of czech accounting rules and International financial reporting standards (IAS/IFRS). The theoretical aspects are described at the beginning and the differences between the czech and international view of accounting for income taxes are identified. Theoretical aspects are accompanied by illustrative examples and applied on the practical analysis of final accounts of two companies -- Czech airlines and Travel Service. Analyzed accounting period is the same as the calendar year of 2009, which is compared with the year 2008.
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Horníková, Markéta. "Vybrané oblasti rozpoznání a vykazování odložené daně." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-197671.
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The goal is to become familiar with deferred tax concept - explain the nature and bring this accounting term near on a few selected areas. The thesis deals with two different accounting frameworks, Czech legislation and transnational concept in form of International Financial Reporting Standards with the motive to try to explain true nature of deferred tax and to conclude which of the accounting system sufficiently regulates this area so, that it could reflect all important differences with tax system and leads to fair distribution of profits among owners. In other words, not to awarded disposable earnings to those who do not belong solely because of differences between taxes and accounting. Thus, in a situation where these differences did not exist, the belonging amount of allocation of the profit would be else. The thesis is complemented with descriptive examples and illustrations created from real financial statements of two chosen companies. Representative of the Czech framework is Skanska a.s., and for a framework of IFRS the company Unipetrol a.s. The thesis concludes that a more elaborate treatment of deferred tax includes International Financial Reporting Standards, and therefore the financial statements prepared under them provide truer view of an analyzed company to user.
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Kalivodová, Tereza. "Daně z příjmů právnických osob v účetnictví." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-72378.
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The aim of this thesis on "Corporate Income Taxes in Accounting" is to show what takes place this tax in the tax system of Czech Republic, to define the current legislation of this issue, to describe the procedures to detect the amount of payable tax and deferred tax and their subsequent reporting in financial statements. Finally, it views the impact of these taxes on disposable income of the entity.
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Koutníková, Pavlína. "Účetnictví a daně." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-85224.
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This final thesis deals with accounting and taxes in terms of consideration and assessment of mutual linkage between these two systems. On the basis of historical development analysis it has been carried out an assessment of the impact of taxation on the fair accounting view. The thesis also includes section concerning transformation of operating profit on tax base for corporate income tax through cleaning of tax revenues and excluding of non-deductible expenses. An integral part of the thesis covers topic of institute of deferred tax, reasons for its creation, calculation and billing. An practical example illustrating given procedures is a part of the closing section.
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Molina, Jimenez Juan Alexander, and Rivera David Dimas Yarasca. "NIC 12 Impuesto a las ganancias y su impacto tributario y financiero en las empresas que brindan servicios de salud ocupacional en Lima Norte, Año 2017." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/626125.
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La presente investigación de tesis tiene como objetivo determinar el impacto tributario y financiero de la NIC 12 Impuesto a las Ganancias en las empresas que brindan servicios de salud ocupacional en Lima Norte, año 2017, para ello es indispensable realizar la identificación de impuesto corriente, impuesto diferidos, reconocimiento, medición y presentación del impuesto a las ganancias. La investigación se desarrollará en cinco capítulos:
Capítulo I Marco teórico, se investigan fuentes primarias donde se desarrollan conceptos básicos de la NIC 12 Impuesto a las Ganancias, antecedentes, definiciones, evolución, objetivo, alcance, reconocimiento, medición, presentación e información a revelar; el impacto tributario y financiero y la relación existente; también se analiza el sector de servicios de salud ocupacional. Capitulo II Plan de investigación, se formula la situación problemática de la tesis, el problema principal, problemas específicos, objetivo general y objetivos específicos, la hipótesis principal e hipótesis específicas. Capitulo III Metodología de la investigación, se define la población y muestra para realizar nuestras investigaciones cuantitativa y cualitativa. Capitulo IV Desarrollo de la investigación, donde se realizó la investigación a través de la entrevista a profundidad, cuestionario y el desarrollo del caso práctico. Capítulo V Análisis de Resultados, se analizan los resultados de los instrumentos obtenidos y se desarrolla un caso práctico que lo ejemplifica. Finalmente se validará la hipótesis general y las especificas en base a los resultados obtenidos en las tablas cruzadas y el CHI cuadrado.The objective of this thesis research is to determine the tax and financial impact of IAS 12 Income Taxes in companies that provide occupational health services in Lima Norte, 2017, for this it is essential to carry out the identification of current tax, tax deferred taxes, recognition, measurement and presentation of income tax. The research work is divided into five chapters that are: Chapter I Theoretical framework, research is carried out through primary sources where basic concepts of international financial reporting standards (IFRS), background information, definitions, evolution, objective, scope, recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosures are developed. IAS 12 Income Tax; the tax and financial impact and the existing relationship; an analysis of the occupational health services sector. Chapter II Research plan, the problematic situation of the thesis is formulated, the main problem, specific problems, general objective and specific objectives, the initial hypothesis and specific hypotheses. Chapter III Research methodology, the population was defined, the sample to perform quantitative and qualitative research. Chapter IV Development of the research, where the research was carried out through the in-depth interview, questionnaire and the development of the practical case. Chapter V Analysis of Results, the analysis of the obtained instruments and practical case is made. Concluding with the validation of the general and specific hypothesis based on the results obtained in the crossed tables and the square CHI.
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Petrova, Milena T. "Do buyer and seller motivations affect transaction prices in commercial real estate markets? evidence from tax-deferred exchanges and other conditions of sale /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0015580.
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Prince, Aliaga Paola Edith, and Acosta Ruty Inés Yrrazabal. "NIC 12: Impuesto a las ganancias y su impacto en los Estados Financieros y en el Impuesto a la Renta en las empresas Inmobiliarias en el distrito de Surco, año 2018." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/639524.
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La investigación del trabajo del presente busca enfatizar y mostrar los posibles impactos en los Estados Financieros y en el Impuesto a la Renta que la NIC 12 Impuesto a las ganancias prescribe y la forma en que estos son registrados contable y tributariamente de acuerdo a las normas fiscales actualizadas, y como afecta en los resultados financieros del periodo y los siguientes debido a los activos y pasivos diferidos y los impuestos declarados.
La investigación se desarrolló en cinco partes: Capítulo I Marco teórico, el cual incluye los antecedentes, definiciones, nociones y las dimensiones de la Norma y la relevancia de nuestro tema de estudio respecto a la NIC 12 Impuesto a las Ganancias y el Impacto en los Estados Financieros y en el Impuesto a la Renta en el sector Inmobiliario en el distrito de Surco, año 2018. Capítulo II Plan de Investigación, se enuncia la problemática del contexto de la presente investigación, el problema, el objetivo y la hipótesis general y los específicos. Capítulo III Metodología de Investigación, se definió la población y muestra de la investigación, así como las herramientas a utilizar en la Investigación Cualitativa e Investigación Cuantitativa. Capitulo IV Desarrollo de la Investigación; se aplicó las herramientas de investigación como son la entrevista a profundidad y las encuestas, así como los posibles escenarios en el caso práctico. Capítulo V Análisis de Resultados, se realizó el análisis de la información obtenida de la aplicación de los instrumentos y el caso práctico concluyendo con la validación de las hipótesis.The research in this paper seeks to emphasize and show the possible impacts on the Financial Statements and Income Taxes that IAS 12 Income Tax prescribes and the manner in which these are recorded for accounting and tax purposes in accordance with current tax standards, and how they affect financial results for the period and subsequent periods due to deferred assets and liabilities and declared taxes. The research was developed in five parts: Chapter I Theoretical framework, in which the background, dimensions and importance of our study topic were conceptualized, developed and defined with respect to IAS 12 Income Tax and Impact on Financial Statements and Income Tax in the Real Estate sector in the district of Surco, year 2018. Chapter II Research Plan, exposes the problems of the research scenario, the problem, the objective and the general hypothesis and the specific ones. Chapter III Research Methodology, the population and research sample were defined, as well as the tools to be used in Qualitative Research and Quantitative Research. Chapter IV Research Development; research tools such as in-depth interviews and surveys were applied, as well as possible scenarios in the practical case. Chapter V Analysis of Results, the analysis of the information obtained from the application of the instruments and the practical case was carried out, concluding with the validation of the hypotheses.
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Anton, Eugene J. "Economic mobility behaviors due to earned income tax credit policy| A case study of a southern California population." Thesis, Pepperdine University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3603299.
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The purpose of this study was to understand earned income tax credit (EITC) policy influences on the development of economic mobility for individuals receiving EITC. Policymakers have declared that improving the economic mobility of low-wage workers a major objective of the EITC. This study addressed identifying factors that contribute to economic mobility, and testing the punctuated equilibrium theory to determine whether exogenous forces influence EITC policymakers' decisions.
Utilizing the survey data of 2,252 EITC respondents from the Legal Aid Society of Orange County, California, the study found that saving, education, race, and being banked were factors contributing to economic mobility. Age was not a factor contributing to economic mobility. Results from testing the punctuated equilibrium theory indicated that at the .05 level there was not a significant association between exogenous forces and EITC policymaking decisions.
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Anceles, Eliana Karsten. "Fatores explicativos do reconhecimento de ativos fiscais recuperáveis, diferidos e litigiosos: um estudo em empresas do ramo de agronegócios." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2012. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/3697.
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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
O estudo trata dos fatores explicativos do reconhecimento de ativos de natureza fiscal. Seu objetivo é identificar esses fatores em empresas pertencentes ao ramo de agronegócios. Estudos anteriores, alguns com enfoque nos ativos fiscais diferidos, identificaram, entre os fatores explicativos, a alavancagem, rentabilidade, lucratividade, endividamento, liquidez e tamanho das empresas. A partir da definição dos ativos em geral, o estudo propõe a classificação dos ativos fiscais em recuperáveis, diferidos e litigiosos. A pesquisa é aplicada, documental, explicativa e descritiva e com abordagem predominantemente quantitativa, com a utilização de técnicas estatísticas e econométricas. Foram analisadas as demonstrações contábeis, incluídas as notas explicativas, de empresas de capital aberto, listadas na BMF&BOVESPA, do ramo de agronegócio, no período de 2001 a 2010. Justifica-se o estudo nesse setor por ser destaque na balança comercial brasileira. Além disso, apresenta uma cadeia produtiva bem delineada, o que torna perceptível a sistemática não-cumulativa de tributos, com o consequente reconhecimento sucessivo de ativos fiscais recuperáveis (apropriação de créditos fiscais). Os resultados indicaram a interdependência entre o reconhecimento de ativos fiscais (o nível de reconhecimento de um ativo fiscal explica o nível do outro), além de evidenciarem que tais ativos podem ser explicados pelas variáveis Alavancagem, Liquidez Corrente, Ativo Imobilizado (Intensidade de Capital), Ativo Intangível, pelas Exportações, pelo Tamanho (com base na Receita Líquida) e pelo Estado de localização da sede da empresa. A variável Estados e as espécies desses ativos foram significantes nos modelos, o que confirmou o viés de omissão de variáveis em pesquisas anteriores, além de justificar a divergência de sinais de algumas variáveis. Comparando com os resultados de pesquisas anteriores, não foram determinantes do reconhecimento a rentabilidade, lucratividade e endividamento (ressalvado o caso especifico do ICMS). O trabalho contribuiu para evidenciar uma nova perspectiva de reconhecimento de ativos de natureza fiscal.
The study examines the factors of tax assets recognition. The objective is to identify these factors in agribusiness companies. Previous studies, some focusing on deferred tax assets, identified as a factor: leverage, profitability, indebtedness, marketability and firm size. From the definition of assets, the study proposes the classification of the asset tax in add-value, deferred and litigation. The research is applied, documentary, descriptive and explanatory, with quantitative approach through using statistical and econometric techniques. The financial statements were analyzed, including notes, of agribusiness companies listed on BMF&BOVESPA, in the period 2001 to 2010. This sector of Brazilian economy contributes to improve the trade balance. Moreover, it presents a specific supply chain with successive recognition of tax assets add-value (appropriation of tax credits). The results showed the interdependence between the recognition of tax assets (the level of recognition of a tax asset explains the level of another), and also show that this assets can be explained by the variables Leverage, Marketability, Fixed Assets (Capital Intensity), Intangible Assets, Exports, Firm Size and the States. The factor State and the species of these assets were significant in the models. This confirmed the omitted variable in previous research and justifies the difference of signs of some variables. However, were not determinants of tax assets recognition: profitability and indebtedness (except for the specific case of ICMS). The results show a new approach to recognition of tax assets.
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Junqueira, Michele Aparecida Dela Ricci. "O papel de tributos diferidos no capital regulatório de instituições financeiras brasileiras." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/96/96133/tde-09112012-172533/.
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Este trabalho fornece evidências sobre o papel de ativos e passivos de tributos diferidos como instrumento de tolerância regulatória e arbitragem de capital regulatório por instituições financeiras brasileiras no período de 2004 a 2009. Visando atingir o objetivo da pesquisa, foram desenvolvidas duas hipóteses: a) a tolerância regulatória, visando verificar se os gestores utilizaram tributo diferido para apoiar ou atingir níveis de capital regulatório e quão realistas eram as estimativas sobre a capacidade de realização do tributo diferido, e b) a estratégia de arbitragem de capital regulatório, visando verificar se as escolhas sobre tributos diferidos dos gestores estavam relacionadas com o capital regulatório. Para tanto, este estudo obtêm evidências analisando informações contábeis anuais. As hipóteses são testadas utilizando as técnicas de análise de dados de regressão linear múltipla e regressão com dados em painel. Como resultado, o estudo mostrou que as instituições financeiras brasileiras utilizaram tributo diferido como instrumento de tolerância regulatória. As instituições financeiras não teriam atingido o capital regulatório mínimo sem esses valores. Apesar disso, foram apresentadas evidências de que os gestores foram realistas no reconhecimento de tributo diferido. Também foi mostrado que as decisões dos gestores das instituições financeiras brasileiras estavam orientadas pelo tributo diferido. Conforme apurado, as instituições financeiras com mais fortes posições de capital (maior Nível I) tendem a reportar maior tributo diferido ativo, contrariando a literatura internacional. De maneira geral, revelouse apenas um caso de como a contabilidade pode servir de ferramenta para interferir em questões políticas, econômicas e em setores regulados, buscando atingir fins regulatórios ou cumprir acordos dos quais o país faça parte.This paper provides evidence on the role of assets and liabilities of deferred taxes as a tool of regulatory forbearance and regulatory capital arbitrage by Brazilian financial institutions in the period 2004 to 2009. In order to achieve the goal of research, two hypotheses were developed: a) the regulatory forbearance in order to verify whether the deferred tax managers used to support or achieve levels of regulatory capital and how the estimates were realistic about the ability to perform the deferred tax, b) the arbitrage strategy of regulatory capital in order to verify that the choices on deferred taxes of managers were related to regulatory capital. Therefore, this study obtained evidence by analyzing annual financial information. The hypotheses are tested using the techniques of data analysis of multiple linear regression and regression with panel data. As a result, the study showed that the Brazilian financial institutions have used deferred tax as a tool of regulatory forbearance. Financial institutions have not reached the minimum regulatory capital without these values. Nevertheless, evidence was presented that the managers were realistic recognition of deferred tax. It was shown that the decisions of the managers of Brazilian financial institutions were guided by deferred tax. As established, the financial institutions with stronger capital positions (higher Tier I) tend to report higher deferred tax asset, contrary to international literature. Overall, it was revealed just a case of how accounting can serve as a tool to interfere in political, economic and regulated industries, seeking to achieve regulatory purposes or to comply with agreements to which the country is part.
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Klečková, Petra. "Účetní a daňové souvislosti s dlouhodobým nehmotným majetkem." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-75908.
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This thesis provides an overview of accounting and tax implications of long-term intangible assets from the perspective of the Czech legislation and in terms of International Accounting Standards. The text is divided into theoretical and practical. The first part describes the intangible assets in five chapters. The first of these intangible assets is generally defined in terms of Czech and international law. Other chapters deal with valuation, depreciation and decommissioning of intangible assets. The last chapter deals with the deferred taxes that are due different concepts of accounting and tax regulations in the costs and revenues. Current legislation of intangible assets described in this work is compared with the previously applicable law. The practical part consists of a number of exercises that reflect the real situation of intangible assets in a Prague company.
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Kadeřábková, Dana. "Zásada opatrnosti." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-124940.
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The topic of this thesis is the principle of prudence. The chapters are devoted to the tools (impairment, provisions, depreciation, deferred tax). The thesis is focused on Czech legislation, but it also contains the basic view of International Financial Reporting Standards.
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Berková, Kateřina. "Odpisy v pojetí finančního a manažerského účetnictví a jejich vztah k dani z příjmů." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-9414.
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This diploma paper is extended from bachelor paper and the topic is based on the depreciation of long term property from financial and manager point of view and its connection to income tax. The diploma paper is focused on long term property as well as methods of depreciation. The better explanation is presented by examples and also by graphs. My attention was in area of tax income, deferred tax and accounting of grants too. The diploma paper describes connection of manager accounting to depreciation of long term property. The concrete depreciation system is worked up from materials of some unnamed company.
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Matias, Leonor Silva. "A adoção do Decreto-Lei 66/2016 pelas empresas portuguesas." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/18077.
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Mestrado em Contabilidade, Fiscalidade e Finanças EmpresariaisEste estudo tem como objetivo a análise do impacto do Decreto-lei 66/2016 de 3 de novembro, que veio estabelecer um regime facultativo de reavaliação do ativo fixo tangível e propriedades de investimento, nas contas das empresas portuguesas que a ele aderiram. Numa perspetiva comparativa analisou-se também o impacto da Ley 16/2012, o diploma legislativo emitido pelo governo espanhol a 27 de dezembro de 2012, que criou um regime semelhante ao DL 66/2016. Com base nos dados disponibilizados pelos relatórios e contas, dos anos de 2016 e 2017 (PT) e 2013 e 2014 (ES), das empresas aderentes e nos seus principais rácios financeiros, conclui-se que a opção pela revalorização fiscal de ativos teve um impacto positivo nos resultados destas empresas no primeiro ano analisado e um impacto negativo nos seus cash flows, nos dois anos analisados.
The objective of this study is to analyze the impact of Decree-Law 66/2016 of November 3, which established an optional regime for tangible fixed assets and investment properties revaluation, for Portuguese companies. For a comparative perspective, it was also analyzed the impact of Ley 16/2012,the legislative decree issued by the Spanish government on December 13th 2012, that created a regime similar to DL 66/2016. Based on the data provided by the 2016 and 2017 annual reports of the Portuguese companies that subscribed it (2013 and 2014 for the Spanish companies) and their main financial ratios, it is concluded that the option for asset tax revaluation had a positive impact on the results of these companies, on the first year and a negative impact on their cash flows on both years analyzed.
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Gleeson, Anna Aileen Mary. "Measuring de facto harmonisation of financial reporting within and between two countries using company account data : the case of deferred tax accounting in Denmark and Ireland." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/1211.
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Štěpánková, Zuzana. "Komparace zdanění zisků korporací v ČR a Velké Británii." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-359111.
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This master thesis deals with the comparison of corporate taxation in the Czech Republic and the United Kingdom. In the first chapter, the terms tax and tax system are described and the Czech and the UK tax systems are analysed and compared. The second chapter deals with corporate taxation, its history and current trends. It is deeply focused on the corporate taxation in the observed countries. In the third chapter the deferred tax is explained and the impact of corporate taxation rules on deferred tax is analysed. The crux of my thesis lies in the evaluation and comparison of both systems of the corporate taxation.
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Podolská, Michaela. "Rozdíly v účetní konsolidované závěrce sestavené podle vybraných národních legislativ." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-444246.
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The diploma thesis focuses on differences in the preparation of consolidated financial statements according to Austrian and Czech legislation. Although the countries are located in the European Union and the legislation of individual countries is increasingly corrected, there are some differences in the preparation of consolidated financial statements according to the legislation of both countries. These differences are explained by selected economic indicators on the results of the consolidation group. The diploma thesis also includes the preparation of a methodological manual for the preparation of consolidated financial statements according to the legislations of both countries, based on information from the user.
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Káňová, Monika. "Zásada opatrnosti v účetnictví a v daních." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-124950.
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The thesis is focuses on the principle of prudence. Describes in detail the tax and accounting point of view of its instruments. The first chapter is devoted to generally accepted accounting principles and their description. Other chapters have directly target specific tools. At the end of each chapter, which is devoted to the tools of the precautionary principle, are indicative examples.
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Uftring, Eric. "Die Auswirkungen von Entscheidungen des Bundesverfassungsgerichtes und des Europäischen Gerichtshofes im intertemporalen Steuerstrafanwendungsrecht : dargestellt am Beispiel der Vermögenssteuer, der Zinsbesteuerung und der Getränkesteuer /." Frankfurt am Main [u.a.] : Lang, 2002. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/350517274.pdf.
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Šestáková, Denisa. "Daňové dopady přeměn obchodních společností." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-444248.
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The diploma thesis deals with the transformation of business companies. The first part defines the theoretical basis of the work focused on legal, accounting and tax issues of conversion. The practical part aims to make two variants of the transformation of a business company, division by spin-off and split. In the final part of the work, the methods of comparative conversion are presented and a more suitable variant for the implementation of the transformation is selected.
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Přidalová, Veronika. "Odložená daň z příjmu v auditu účetní závěrky." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-316788.
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The thesis focuses on analysing the basics of deferred tax and additionally the calculation of same within a real manufacturing company. The thesis is separated into two linked parts, theoretical and practical. The latter demonstrates the practical use of described outcomes on accounting data from the analysed company. The aim is to identify, analyse and evaluate the specific, temporary differences that incur deferred tax and subsequently describe how we should account for this tax.
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Chaves, Rodrigo de Moraes Pinheiro. "A importância do devido processo legal administrativo na atribuição de responsabilidade tributária aos sócios e administradores." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2010. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=596.
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O trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar os critérios para atribuição de responsabilidade tributária aos sócios das sociedades. A análise se destina a apreensão dos critérios de racionalidade a ser observados pelo aplicador da norma quando da incidência da norma de responsabilidade e não
propriamente a identificar a extensão da correta interpretação das prescrições do código tributário que definem a responsabilidade dos sócios. Abordaremos a personalidade das
pessoas jurídicas e os requisitos legais para a sua desconsideração no direito tributário, a construção da norma jurídica que cria a relação jurídica tributária, bem como a
responsabilidade tributária de terceiros. Será também analisada a importância do processo e do procedimento administrativo na formação e no acertamento da relação tributária e o reflexo do desenvolvimento desse processo na legitimidade tanto da constituição do crédito tributário como da atribuição de responsabilidade. O enfoque do trabalho é estabelecer um cotejo entre a presunção de liquidez e certeza da certidão de dívida ativa e as garantias
fundamentais do devido processo legal, da ampla devesa e da legalidade para criticar a legitimidade do crédito constituído sem a observância dessas garantias e as conseqüências
dessa perda de legitimidade do crédito nos meios de defesa disponíveis ao devedorThe study aims to examine the criteria for allocation of tax liability for shareholders of companies. The analysis is intended to seize the criteria of rationality to be observed by the applicator of the standard when the incidence of the standard of liability and not properly identify the extent of correct interpretation of the requirements of the tax code that define the liability of shareholders. We will discuss the personality of the legal and statutory requirements for its disregard of the tax law, building the rule of law creates the legal relationship of tax and the tax liability of third parties. It will also be discussed the importance of the process and administrative procedure in the training and the tax relationship and rightly reflect the development of this process in the legitimacy of both the constitution of the tax credit as the attribution of responsibility. The main work is to establish a comparison between the presumption of liquidity and certainty of the certificate of debt outstanding and the basic guarantees of due process, the wide defense and legality to criticize the legitimacy of the claim made without the observance of these guarantees and the consequences this loss of legitimacy of the claim in any defense available to the debtor
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Erhartová, Jitka. "Projevy zásady opatrnosti v účetnictví." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-76725.
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The thesis defines prudence principle in accounting as are impairment of assets, provisions, depreciation of assets and deferred tax. In the first part discourses about them in light of International Financial Reporting Standards and in the second part according to Czech legislation, where are also both approaches compared within the scope of the end of each chapter.
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Gonzáles, Laca Carlos Miguel, and Faustor Carmen Jahaira Denise Villanueva. "Analysis of Article 159 of the Tax Code: An Appointment on the Denaturalization of the Counterclaim." Derecho & Sociedad, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118818.
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In the first part of the article, a development for the concepts of provisional remedies and real or personal property bond and covering loss and damage, is proposed, under the Constitutional Court and our national doctrine view; as well as the scope of the first as a fundamental right, and second as a condition of execution. On the following part of the paper, the inclusion and the subsequent amendments to the article 159° of Tax Code is exposed, also its scopes and reasons. Finally, a possible modification of the article, that respect state´s raising goals and due process citizens’ right, is proposed.El presente artículo desarrolla los conceptos de medida cautelar y contracautela, a la luz de lo resuelto por el Tribunal Constitucional y lo establecido por nuestra doctrina, así como los alcances del primero como derecho fundamental y del segundo como requisito de ejecución. De la misma forma, se analiza los alcances de la incorporación del artículo 159° del Código Tributario, mediante Decreto Legislativo N° 1121, y su modificatoria a través de la Ley N° 30230. Finalmente, se propone una posible modificación al mencionado artículo, de conformidad con los fines recaudatorios del Estado y el derecho a la tutela jurisdiccional efectiva de los administrados.
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Čechurová, Ludmila. "Didaktika odložená daně." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-82028.
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Diploma project is based on deferred tax and didactical theory and methods of teaching deferred tax. Project is interested in the essence of deferred income tax and in the principle of its recognition. Part of the project put mind to the timing differences and to the income tax rate. The assesment of the deferred tax liabilities or deferred tax assets took part of the project as well. Then the didactical principles are mentioned and the didactical analysis are accomplished. Also the analysis of the course books are done.
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Monteiro, Aurélie. "L'apport-cession-délocalisation." Thesis, Paris 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA020042/document.
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Pour les contribuables détenteurs de titres en forte plus-value latente qui souhaitent, d’une part, utiliser leur valorisation pour réaliser de nouveaux investissements et, d’autre part, limiter l’impôt afférent à cette plus-value, une opération a été imaginée : l’apport-cession-délocalisation. Il s’agit pour le contribuable d’apporter ses titres à une société sous un régime de différé d’imposition – report ou sursis – avant que cette dernière ne les cède en franchise d’impôt. Ce faisant, la société bénéficiaire de l’apport peut réinvestir le prix de cession et le contribuable n’est imposé que lors de la cession ultérieure des titres reçus en échange de l’apport. Réalisé dans un cadre national, l’apport-cession n’octroie au contribuable qu’un délai dans l’établissement de l’impôt de plus-value mais combiné à une délocalisation du domicile fiscal, cette opération peut aboutir à sa diminution voire à sa suppression. Toutefois, la jurisprudence et le législateur sont intervenus afin d’encadrer cette opération en posant les conditions dans lesquelles elle serait abusive puis en instaurant un nouveau régime spécifique aux apports réalisés en faveur d’une société contrôlée par l’apporteur et en remettant en place un système d’exit tax. Certes, ces nouveaux encadrements impliquent l’adaptation des modalités de réalisation de l’opération et en limitent les effets, particulièrement l’exit tax, toutefois, l’opération demeure possible et avantageuse. En outre, certains aspects de l’exit tax peuvent être contestés au regard du droit de l’Union européenne et conventionnel de sorte que sa pérennité – et donc les limites qu’il implique dans le cadre de cette opération – est incertaineA dedicated three-step tax scheme has been designed for individuals holding assets with a latent capital gain; willing to reinvest their profits into other activities and reduce taxes on capital gains normally owed: Capital contribution of the assets held by this individual to a company in exchange of shares (Step 1), sales of those assets by the this company to a third-party (Step 2), relocation of the individual to another country (Step 3). The objective is for this individual to beneficiate from a deferred taxation on the capital contribution and for this company to sell assets on a tax-free basis. The company will therefore be able to reinvest the price from the assets sales and the individual will only be taxed when received shares are subsequently sold. In domestic situations, this tax scheme only offers deferral of taxes on capital gains ; but combined with the individual relocation, it enables to drastically reduce if not totally suppress taxes. Since then, legislators and judges have clearly identified conditions defining tax abuse, have defined new rules related to capital contribution to companies controlled by the contributor and have implemented exit-tax mechanisms. Despite this new legal framework, the studied tax scheme is still of significant interest. Additionally, some aspects of the exit-tax might certainly be challenged in regards to European Union law and European fiscal conventions
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Čermáková, Kristýna. "Daňová problematika v účetnictví a její řešení v praxi." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-85363.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis focuses on accounting and taxation system and their different approach in solving particular problems. The first part of this thesis characterizes the essence of accounting, its role and the importance for its users. It also describes the regulation of accounting, influences that contributed to the creation of a legislative framework and the accounting standards nowadays. The description of the tax system is focused on the definition of basic elements of taxes, a brief overview of the current tax system in the Czech Republic and the taxes in accounting. Particular attention is paid to differences and complications that arise from different perspective of tax and accounting system. This concerns the area of provisions, depreciation, valuation allowance and their connection with deferred tax.
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Vidigal, André Filipe Pavia. "Relatório de Estágio na Grant Thornton Consultores." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3147.
Full textAbstract:
Mestrado em Ciências EmpresariaisTrabalhar em Consultoria é uma das melhores formas de adquirir e consolidar conhecimentos, uma vez que permite o contacto com inúmeras empresas com problemas diversos. De forma a melhor entender o funcionamento das empresas, abordei duas áreas essenciais, a Financeira e a Fiscal. Foi através da envolvência com projectos reais que tive a oportunidade de adquirir novos conhecimentos e sedimentar outros adquiridos durante o meu percurso académico. O estágio assumiu uma vertente essencialmente prática, no qual desempenhei tarefas contabilísticas e fiscais, análises de situações financeiras de empresas e reestruturações. A presente conjuntura internacional remete para uma reorganização e adaptação das empresas, pondo à prova a capacidade de mudança das organizações.
Working in Consulting is one of the best ways to acquire and consolidate knowledge, because it allows contact with many companies with different problems. In order to better understand the operation of businesses, I focused on two key areas, the Finance and Taxation. It was through the surroundings with real projects that I had the opportunity to acquire new knowledge and also reinforce the one acquired during my academic journey. The internship took a key practice in which duties and tax accounting, analysis of financial positions of companies and restructuring. The present international conjuncture requires an adaptation and reorganization of businesses, testing the ability to change the organizations.
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Vláčilová, Lenka. "Účetní a daňové odpisy dlouhodobého hmotného a nehmotného majetku." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-15368.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis summarizes globally the issue of the accounting depreciation and the tax depreciation of tangible and intangible fixed assets in the Czech Republic. The different meaning of the accounting depreciation or the tax depreciation for the accounting entity is pointed out, the impact of the selected method of depreciation on the profit/tax base is discussed as well as the following issue of the deferred tax. Additionally, the different interpretation of some area of the accounting depreciation of the International Financial Reporting Standards is compared with the point of view of the Czech legislation. In the area of the tax depreciation the different concept called investment pool used in the economies of other countries is stated. Finally, the intended changes in the accounting legislation and the tax legislation in the following years are mentioned.