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Pratt, F. L., A. E. Goeta, F. Palacio, J. M. Rawson, and J. N. B. Smith. "ZF μSR of an organic weak ferromagnet with Tc=35 K." Physica B: Condensed Matter 289-290 (August 2000): 119–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-4526(00)00274-x.
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Hart, Robert E., Ryan N. Maue, and Michael C. Watson. "Estimating Local Memory of Tropical Cyclones through MPI Anomaly Evolution." Monthly Weather Review 135, no. 12 (December 1, 2007): 3990–4005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007mwr2038.1.
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Abstract This study examines the local memory of atmospheric and oceanic changes associated with a tropical cyclone (TC). The memory is quantified through anomalous maximum potential intensity (MPI) evolution for 20 days prior to the arrival of a TC through 60 days after the TC passage. The local MPI weakens and is not restored to the evolving climatology until well after the TC has departed. Stabilization occurs through warming of the atmosphere and cooling of the ocean surface on different time scales. The time scale of MPI stabilization following TC passage is approximately 30–35 days for a tropical storm to 50–60 days for a category 3–5 hurricane, with significant storm-specific and basin-specific variability. The atmospheric stabilization (warming with respect to SST) begins with TC arrival and continues for approximately 7–10 days after passage, when the troposphere cools below normal. The rewarming of SST and the subsequent rewarming of the atmosphere occurs within approximately 35 days for all intensities, despite a positive (weakened) MPI anomaly through two months. This suggests that the atmosphere retains anomalous warmth beyond what can be attributable to sensible heating from the rewarmed SST. The maintenance of a positive MPI anomaly beyond 35 days is thus attributed to a feedback on larger scales that requires considerable further research. A TC’s passage through a region does not always lead to a weakening of the MPI. In regions poleward of the sharp SST gradient, the MPI one month after TC passage is often several millibars stronger than climatology. There are also mesoscale regions of destabilization one month after TC passage that may result partially from salinity changes driven by oceanic mixing as well as changes in precipitation and evaporation.
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Shahraki, Touran, Mansour Shahraki, Masoud Roudbari, and Bahram Pourghassem Gargari. "Determination of the Leading Central Obesity Index among Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Iranian Women." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 29, no. 1 (March 2008): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482650802900105.
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Background It is unknown whether the waist circumference (WC) or the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) is a better predictor of cardiovascular risk factors at different ages. Objective To compare WC and WHR as predictors of cardiovascular risk factors and to determine the prevalence of some cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese adult women at different ages. Methods In this clinical cross-sectional study, 714 overweight and obese women aged 20 to 70 years who were referred to two nutrition clinics in Sistan and Baluchestan province, Islamic Republic of Iran, were studied. The subjects were classified into three groups, 20 to < 35, 35 to < 50, and > or = 50 years of age. Anthropometric indices were measured according to the standard protocol. Total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and TC/HDL-C ratios were enzymatically determined. Results Older subjects (> or = 50 years old) had significantly higher values of body mass index (BMI), WC, TC, TG, and LDL-C than those in the two younger age classes. The prevalence rates of obesity, high WC, high WHR, high TC, high TG, high LDL-C, and high TC/HDL-C ratios were higher in the older subjects. After adjustment for age and BMI, multiple linear regression showed that WC was significantly related to TC and TG in the 20- to < 35-year-old group and to TG in the 35- to < 50-year-old group. In the older participants, WHR was significantly related to TG. Conclusions The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors increases with age. In clinical practice, WC is a better index for predicting some cardiovascular risk factors in younger and middle-aged women; however, for older women, WHR is better.
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Watthier, Maristela, Magnólia AS Silva, José E. Schwengber, Maria H. Fermino, and Tiago V. Custódio. "Production of lettuce seedlings in substrates with tung compost, carbonized rice husk and earthworm humus." Horticultura Brasileira 35, no. 2 (April 2017): 174–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-053620170204.
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ABSTRACT Different properties of substrates based on tung compost (TC), carbonized rice husk (CRH) and earthworm humus (H) were analyzed, besides the effect of the formulations on the production of lettuce seedlings, cv. Veneranda. The experiment was carried out in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, from December 2012 to February 2013, in a greenhouse, using completely randomized design with seven treatments and three replications. The used substrates were formulated on a volume basis: T1= commercial substrate S10® (control); T2= 90% carbonized rice husk (CRH) + 10% humus (H); T3= 75% CRH + 15% tung compost (TC) + 10% H; T4= 55% CRH + 35% TC + 10% H; T5= 35% CRH + 55% TC + 10% H; T6= 15% CRH + 75% TC + 10% H; T7= 90% TC + 10% H. Seedlings were produced in polystyrene trays with 200 cells, being evaluated 35 days after sowing. The substrate with larger proportion of CRH (T2 with 90% CRH) showed suitable dry density (DD) and total porosity (TP), high pH and aeration space (AS), low easily available water (EAW), electric conductivity (EC), and nutrient content, constituting an inert substrate, not being indicated as substrate due to the lower development of the seedlings. Using 15% TC, an increase was noticed in DD, AEW, EC and nutrients and, a decrease in TP, AS and pH due to, mainly, the size of tung compost particles, which accommodated themselves and altered physical and chemical properties of the substrates. Substrates with 90% and 75% TC (T7 and T6) provided the greatest shoot length, fresh and dry shoot mass and leaf area for lettuce seedlings due to higher nutrient content, also considering physical and chemical properties of these substrates. Pure CRH is not indicated to be used as substrate, but mixed with tung compost (T6), it provides high quality seedlings. Tung compost was effective in producing lettuce seedlings, since the composting is able to eliminate phytotoxic substances from this material which can hinder the seedling growth.
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Supadmi, Francisca Romana Sri. "GAMBARAN PENGGUNA KOMPONEN THROMBOCYTE CONCENTRATE (TC) DI UTD PMI KABUPATEN SLEMAN TAHUN 2019." Jurnal Ilmiah Cerebral Medika 3, no. 1 (July 13, 2021): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.53475/jicm.v3i1.29.
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Maraknya kasus demam berdarah dengue (DBD) di Kabupaten Sleman hingga 728 kasus dan satu diantaranya meninggal dunia, menyebabkan meningkatnya kebutuhan komponen Thrombocyte Concentrate (TC) di UTD PMI Kabupaten Sleman hingga mencapai 215 kantong. Angka ini meningkat dibanding kebutuhan pada tahun-tahun sebelumnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana gambaran pengguna komponen TC di UTD PMI Kabupaten Sleman pada tahun 2019, meliputi karakteristik jenis kelamin, usia, golongan darah dan indikasi transfusi. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi non partisipan dengan desain retrospektif. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 67 resipien yang melakukan permintaan komponen TC ke UTD PMI Kabupaten Sleman pada tahun 2019. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik total sampling. Hasil menunjukkan resipien terbanyak yang melakukan permintaan komponen TC ke UTD PMI Kabupaten Sleman pada tahun 2019 adalah resipien berjenis kelamin perempuan (46 resipien), kategori usia remaja (12-17 tahun) berjumlah 23 resipien dan kategori usia dewasa (18-35 tahun) berjumlah 16 resipien, bergolongan darah O rhesus positif berjumlah 45 resipien, dan indikasi DBD berjumlah 42 resipien. Gambaran pengguna komponen TC di UTD PMI Kabupaten Sleman pada tahun 2019 adalah resipien berjenis kelamin perempuan, rata-rata berusia 12-35 tahun, bergolongan darah O rhesus positif dengan indikasi DBD.
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Cload, P., B. Sridhara, R. Itti, P. Rigo, B. Leclerg, M. F. Larock, U. Raval, S. Bratt, and A. Lahiri. "35. Clinical efficacy of tetrofosmin, a new Tc-labelled myocardial imaging agent." Nuclear Medicine Communications 13, no. 4 (April 1992): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006231-199204000-00037.
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Panato, Chiara, Salvatore Vaccarella, Luigino Dal Maso, Partha Basu, Silvia Franceschi, Diego Serraino, Kevin Wang, et al. "Thyroid Cancer Incidence in India Between 2006 and 2014 and Impact of Overdiagnosis." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 105, no. 8 (April 16, 2020): 2507–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgaa192.
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Abstract Context/Objective Increases of thyroid cancer (TC) incidence emerged in the past several decades in several countries. This study aimed to estimate time trends of TC incidence in India and the proportion of TC cases potentially attributable to overdiagnosis by sex, age, and area. Design TC cases aged 0 to 74 years reported to Indian cancer registries during 2006 through 2014 were included. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASR) and TC overdiagnosis were estimated by sex, period, age, and area. Results Between 2006-2008 and 2012-2014, the ASRs for TC in India increased from 2.5 to 3.5/100,000 women (+37%) and from 1.0 to 1.3/100,000 men (+27%). However, up to a 10-fold difference was found among regions in both sexes. Highest ASRs emerged in Thiruvananthapuram (14.6/100,000 women and 4.1/100,000 men in 2012-2014), with 93% increase in women and 64% in men compared with 2006-2008. No evidence of overdiagnosis was found in Indian men. Conversely, overdiagnosis accounted for 51% of TC in Indian women: 74% in those aged < 35 years, 50% at ages 35 to 54 years, and 30% at ages 55 to 64 years. In particular, 80% of TC overdiagnosis in women emerged in Thiruvananthapuram, whereas none or limited evidence of overdiagnosis emerged in Kamrup, Dibrugarh, Bhopal, or Sikkim. Conclusions Relatively high and increasing TC ASRs emerged in Indian regions where better access to health care was reported. In India, as elsewhere, new strategies are needed to discourage opportunistic screening practice, particularly in young women, and to avoid unnecessary and expensive treatments. Present results may serve as a warning also for other transitioning countries.
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Mathew, Aju, Luigino Dal Maso, Chiara Panato, Diego Serraino, Silvia Franceschi, Partha Basu, Kevin Wang, et al. "Thyroid cancer incidence in India between 2006 and 2014 and impact of overdiagnosis." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): e18574-e18574. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e18574.
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e18574 Background: Increases of thyroid cancer (TC) incidence emerged in the last decades in several countries. This study aimed to estimate time trends of TC incidence in India and the proportion of TC cases potentially attributable to overdiagnosis by sex, age, and area. Methods: TC cases aged 0-74 years reported to Indian cancer registries during 2006- 2014 were included. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASR) and TC overdiagnosis were estimated by sex, period, age, and area. Results: Between 2006-2008 and 2012-2014, the ASRs for TC in India increased from 2.5 to 3.5/100,000 women (+37%) and from 1.0 to 1.3/100.000 men (+27%). However, up to a 10-fold difference was found among regions in both sexes. Highest ASRs emerged in Thiruvananthapuram (14.6/100,000 women and 4.1/100,000 men in 2012- 2014), with 93% increase in women and 64% in men compared to 2006-2008. No evidence of overdiagnosis was found in Indian men. Conversely, overdiagnosis accounted for 51% of TC in Indian women: 74% in those aged < 35 years, 50% at ages 35-54 years, and 30% at ages 55-64 years. In particular, 80% of TC overdiagnosis in women emerged in Thiruvananthapuram, while none or limited evidence of overdiagnosis emerged in Kamrup, Dibrugarh, Bhopal, and Sikkim. Conclusions: Relatively high and increasing TC ASRs emerged in Indian regions where better access to healthcare was reported. In India, as elsewhere, new strategies are needed to discourage opportunistic screening practice, particularly in young women, and to avoid unnecessary and expensive treatments. Present results may serve as a warning also for other transitioning countries.
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Zancanela, Vittor, Antonio Claudio Furlan, Paulo César Pozza, Simara Márcia Marcato, Daiane de Oliveira Grieser, Caroline Espejo Stanquevis, Eline Finco, Mariana de Fátima Zanon Ferreira, and Taciana Maria de Oliveira-Bruxel. "Biometric viscera and blood parameters of meat quails supplemented with inorganic selenium and vitamin E." Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal 18, no. 4 (December 2017): 560–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-99402017000400007.
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SUMMARY This study aimed to evaluate biometric viscera and blood parameters of quails at 14 and 35 days of age, supplemented with different levels of inorganic selenium and vitamin E. A completely randomized design was used in a 4×4 factorial scheme (inorganic Se = 0.1125, 0.2250, 0.3375 and 0.4500 mg/kg diet x VE = 10, 23, 36 and 49 IU/kg feed). In the 0-14 days experiment, 2,400 newborn quail were used, distributed in 16 treatments and three replications of 50 birds each. In the 14-35 days experiment, 1,680 14 day-old quails were used with same treatments and three replicates of 35 birds each. At 14 days, the relative spleen weights (P=0.0203) increased linearly as a function of the VE level, while at 35 days, the relative weight of the bursa (P=0.0390) increased linearly as a function of Se concentration. At 14 days, there was a vitamin x mineral interaction (p=0.0097) affecting total cholesterol (TC), and a quadratic effect (P = 0.0138) related to Se and linear reduction levels (P=0.0275) as a function of VE. At 35 days, the TC concentrations (P=0.0055) and triglycerides (TG, P = 0.0220) showed a quadratic effect for Se. The linear increase in spleen weight and bursa after 14 and 35 days respectively suggests an improved immune response as a function of VE and Se supplementation. To achieve the lowest concentration of TC and TG at 35 days of age, supplementation of 0.26 and 0.29 mg/Se/kg/feed, respectively, is recommended.
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Hanzawa, Kota, Hikaru Sato, Hidenori Hiramatsu, Toshio Kamiya, and Hideo Hosono. "Electric field-induced superconducting transition of insulating FeSe thin film at 35 K." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 15 (March 28, 2016): 3986–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1520810113.
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It is thought that strong electron correlation in an insulating parent phase would enhance a critical temperature (Tc) of superconductivity in a doped phase via enhancement of the binding energy of a Cooper pair as known in high-Tc cuprates. To induce a superconductor transition in an insulating phase, injection of a high density of carriers is needed (e.g., by impurity doping). An electric double-layer transistor (EDLT) with an ionic liquid gate insulator enables such a field-induced transition to be investigated and is expected to result in a high Tc because it is free from deterioration in structure and carrier transport that are in general caused by conventional carrier doping (e.g., chemical substitution). Here, for insulating epitaxial thin films (∼10 nm thick) of FeSe, we report a high Tc of 35 K, which is 4× higher than that of bulk FeSe, using an EDLT under application of a gate bias of +5.5 V. Hall effect measurements under the gate bias suggest that highly accumulated electron carrier in the channel, whose area density is estimated to be 1.4 × 1015 cm–2 (the average volume density of 1.7 × 1021 cm–3), is the origin of the high-Tc superconductivity. This result demonstrates that EDLTs are useful tools to explore the ultimate Tc for insulating parent materials.
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Chen, Sanmei, Tetsuya Mizoue, Huanhuan Hu, Keisuke Kuwahara, Toru Honda, Shuichiro Yamamoto, Tohru Nakagawa, et al. "Serum cholesterol levels preceding to suicide death in Japanese workers: a nested case-control study." Acta Neuropsychiatrica 31, no. 05 (July 1, 2019): 266–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/neu.2019.26.
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AbstractObjective:To investigate the association between suicide death and serum cholesterol levels as measured at times close to suicide death.Methods:We conducted a nested case-control study of 41 cases of suicide deaths and 205 matched controls with serum total cholesterol (TC) levels till 3 years before suicide death in a large cohort of Japanese workers.Results:Individuals in the lowest versus highest tertile/predefined category of TC in a Japanese working population had a three- to four-fold greater risk of suicide death. Each 10 mg/dl decrement of average TC was associated with an 18% increased chance of suicide death (95% confidence interval, 2–35%). Similar results were found for TC levels at each year.Conclusion:These results suggest that a low serum TC level in recent past is associated with an increased risk of suicide death.
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Fukujima, Márcia Maiumi, and José Osmar Cardeal. "Exames subsidiários preditivos de crises epilépticas após acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 55, no. 1 (1997): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x1997000100007.
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Na tentativa de detectar fatores preditivos para ocorrência de crises epilépticas após acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico (AVCI), estudamos exames laboratoriais de glicemia, hematócrito, colesterol total e frações e triglicérides, além de eletrocardiograma, eletrencefalograma (EEG), líquido cefalorraquiano e tomografia computadorizada do crânio (TC) em 35 pacientes com AVCI que evoluíram com crises epilépticas após pelo menos 24 horas a partir da instalação do AVCI (grupo 1 ou G1), que foram comparados a 35 pacientes com AVCI que evoluíram sem crises epilépticas (grupo 2 ou G2). Encontramos significância na análise EEG na comparação dos grupos, sendo a alteração mais freqüente o alentecimento focai da atividade elétrica cerebral no G1. A presença de lesão extensa na TC também associou-se ao G1. A associação de EEG anormal e lesão extensa na TC pode ser considerado elemento preditivo para ocorrência de crises epilépticas após AVCI com coeficiente de concordância de 34%. Os demais exames estudados não mostraram significância na comparação entre os grupos G1 e G2.
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Krátký, Jan, Jana Ježková, Mikuláš Kosák, Hana Vítková, Jana Bartáková, Miloš Mráz, Jindřich Lukáš, Zdenka Límanová, and Jan Jiskra. "Positive Antithyroid Antibodies and Nonsuppressed TSH Are Associated with Thyroid Cancer: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study." International Journal of Endocrinology 2018 (September 6, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9793850.
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The relationship between Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) and thyroid cancer (TC) is a controversial topic; it remains unclear if HT acts as a risk factor of TC. The aim of our study was to compare the presence of HT and thyroid function in patients with TC and benign nodules. We analyzed 2571 patients after fine needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodule. Totally, 91 patients with primary TC and 182 sex- and age-matched controls were included. Positive antithyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) and antithyroglobulin (anti-Tg) antibodies were associated with TC (anti-TPO 44% in TC vs. 27% in controls, P=0.005, anti-TG 35% in TC group vs. 21% in controls, P=0.018), and the TC group had significantly higher TSH (median 1.88 mIU/l vs. 1.21 mIU/l, P<0.001). Using multiple logistic regression, positive anti-TPO was identified as an independent risk factor (OR 2.21, P=0.018), while spontaneously suppressed TSH<0.5 mIU/l was a protective factor (OR 0.3, P=0.01) against TC. In conclusion, nodules in subjects with positive antithyroid antibodies could be considered to have a higher risk of malignancy. However, based on our results, it is not possible to declare that TC is triggered by HT.
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Nikolić, Miloš M., Zoran Stamenović, Mirjana Gajić-Veljić, and Jelica Vukićević. "Tinea Capitis in Belgrade 1998-2002 / Tinea Capitis u Beogradu 1998-2002. Godine." Serbian Journal of Dermatology and Venerology 1, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10249-011-0002-3.
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Abstract Tinea capitis (TC) is a worldwide health problem and a specific therapeutic challenge. The objective of this study was to establish the causative agents and clinical types and to present management options for TC. From 1993 to 2002, we treated 354 children (61% were boys) with TC. The data for the period 1998-2002, were analyzed in detail. After clinical and Wood's light examination, specimens were directly microscopically analyzed and cultivated. Superficial TC was diagnozed in 230 (65%), and kerion in 124 patients (35%), respectively. Of 51 kerion patients, 3 children (6%) had erythema nodosum. Griseofulvin was given at a dose of 15 to 25 mg/kg (average: 18 mg/kg). A 100% cure rate was achieved. In the period 1998-2002, M. audouinii was predominantly found in superficial TC. Oral griseofulvin therapy should be accompanied by shaving the hair from the scalp and topical imidazole creams, which provides 100% cure rate of superficial TC (in 6.5 weeks) and of kerion (in 5.4 weeks).
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Magee, Andrew D., and Anthony S. Kiem. "Using Indicators of ENSO, IOD, and SAM to Improve Lead Time and Accuracy of Tropical Cyclone Outlooks for Australia." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 59, no. 11 (November 2020): 1901–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-20-0131.1.
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AbstractCatastrophic impacts associated with tropical cyclone (TC) activity mean that the accurate and timely provision of TC outlooks are important to people, places, and numerous sectors in Australia and beyond. In this study, we apply a Poisson regression statistical framework to predict TC counts in the Australian region (AR; 5°–40°S, 90°–160°E) and its four subregions. We test 10 unique covariate models, each using different representations of the influence of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Indian Ocean dipole (IOD), and southern annular mode (SAM) and use an automated covariate selection algorithm to select the optimum combination of predictors. The performance of preseason TC count outlooks generated between April and October for the AR TC season (November–April) and in-season TC count outlooks generated between November and January for the remaining AR TC season are tested. Results demonstrate that skillful TC count outlooks can be generated in April (i.e., 7 months prior to the start of the AR TC season), with Pearson correlation coefficient values between r = 0.59 and 0.78 and covariates explaining between 35% and 60% of the variance in TC counts. The dependence of models on indices representing Indian Ocean sea surface temperature highlights the importance of the Indian Ocean for TC occurrence in this region. Importantly, generating rolling monthly preseason and in-season outlooks for the AR TC season enables the continuous refinement of expected TC counts in a given season.
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AL-Gheethi, Adel A. S., Norli Ismail, J. Lalung, Azieda Talib, A. N. Efaq, and Mohd Omar Ab Kadir. "Susceptibility for antibiotics among faecal indicators and pathogenic bacteria in sewage treated effluents." Water Practice and Technology 8, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2013.001.
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The objective of this work was to study the prevalence of antibiotic resistance phenotypes among total coliforms (TC), E. coli, E. faecalis and Salmonella spp. in the sewage treated effluents generated from three sewage treatment plants in Penang Malaysia. Among the isolates tested, TC and E. coli occurred high resistance for cephalexin (100 and 90.47%), ampicillin (80.93 and 95.23%) and ciprofloxacin (19.06 and 14.3%) compared to E. faecalis (42.86, 71.4 and 4.7%) and Salmonella spp. (59.8, 47.46 and 14.3%) respectively. All E. coli strains, 76.18% of TC, 66.66% of E. faecalis and 35% of Salmonella spp. were multi-resistant.
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Cabrera, Marcos Aparecido Sarria, Selma Maffei de Andrade, and Renata Maciulis Dip. "Lipids and All-Cause Mortality among Older Adults: A 12-Year Follow-Up Study." Scientific World Journal 2012 (2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/2012/930139.
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This is a 12-year follow-up cohort study with 800 people (60–85 years old). The association between lipid disorders and mortality was analysed by Cox proportional hazard adjusted model. All-cause mortality was considered the dependent variable, and lipid disorders as independent variables: total cholesterol (TC) >200 and <170 mg/dl, HDL-c <35 and 40, LDL-c >100 and 130, and triglycerides (TG) >50. An initial analysis of all subjects was performed and a second was carried out after having excluded individuals with a body mass index (BMI) <20 kg/m2or mortality in ≤2 years. The mortality showed a positive association with low TC and a negative association with high TC and high LDL-c. After the exclusion of underweight and premature mortality, there was a positive association only with TC <170 mg/dl (HR = 1.36, CI95%: 1.02–1.82). The data did not show a higher risk with high levels of TC, LDL-c, and TG. However, they showed higher mortality among older adults with low TC.
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Kodaka, Hidemasa, Shingo Mizuochi, Hajime Teramura, and Tadanobu Nirazuka. "Comparison of the Compact Dry TC Method with the Standard Pour Plate Method (AOAC Official Method 966.23) for Determining Aerobic Colony Counts in Food Samples: Performance-Tested MethodSM." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 88, no. 6 (September 1, 2005): 1702–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/88.6.1702.
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Abstract Compact Dry TC qualifies as a rapid method kit for determining aerobic colony counts in foods. The plates are presterilized and contain culture medium and a cold-soluble gelling agent. The medium is rehydrated by inoculating 1 mL diluted sample into the center of the self-diffusible medium and allowing the solution to diffuse by capillary action. The plates can then be incubated and the colonies counted without any additional steps. The Compact Dry TC method was validated with 5 different raw meats. The performance tests were conducted at 35° and 30°C. In all required performance studies, no apparent differences were observed between the Compact Dry TC method and the Standard Pour Plate method (AOAC Official Method 966.23) for the detection level of aerobic microorganisms. For the accuracy claim (n = 60), a correlation factor of r235 = 0.9977 (35°C) and r230 = 0.9932 (30°C) could be assigned, as stated in the application for “Performance Tested Method.SM” Quality consistency and storage robustness studies, showed no significant variations in plate count results with different production lots or plates of diverse storage age.
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Possa, Marianne de Aguiar, Lucas Spanemberg, and Ana Guardiola. "Comorbidades do transtorno de déficit de atenção e hiperatividade em crianças escolares." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 63, no. 2b (June 2005): 479–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x2005000300021.
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OBJETIVO: Avaliar a freqüência de transtorno de conduta (TC), transtorno desafiador opositivo (TDO) e transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo (TOC) em crianças com transtorno de déficit de atenção e hiperatividade (TDAH). MÉTODO: Estudo realizado em crianças de 7 a 11 anos com TDAH conforme critérios do DSM-IV (n=35), exame neurológico normal e exame neurológico evolutivo (ENE) segundo Lefèvre alterado. Os responsáveis responderam a questionários contendo os critérios do DSM-IV para TDAH e para comorbidades. RESULTADOS: TDAH do tipo combinado foi o mais prevalente (51,4%). Quatorze crianças (40,0%) apresentaram TC, incluindo duas que apresentaram TC e TOC. Cinco (14,2%) apresentaram apenas TDO e uma (2,8%) apresentou apenas TOC. Onze das quatorze crianças (78,5%) com TC tinham TDAH do tipo combinado (p<0,05). Onze das quinze crianças (73,3%) sem comorbidades eram do tipo desatentas ou hiperativas (p<0,05). CONCLUSÃO: O TDAH apresenta alta freqüência de comorbidade com TC, que parece estar preferencialmente associado ao TDAH combinado.
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Rogge, R. B., E. C. Svensson, W. Wei, R. B. Rogge, B. D. Gaulin, and E. D. Hallman. "Neutron scattering near the order-disorder transition in Cu3Au: Evidence for a lower spinodal temperature." Canadian Journal of Physics 73, no. 11-12 (November 1, 1995): 779–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p95-114.
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The binary alloy Cu3Au undergoes a first-order phase transition at 667 ± 3 K Within the context of the Landau theory of phase transitions, there exist, in addition to the order–disorder temperature, Tc, upper and lower spinodal temperatures, Tsu and Ts1. These mark the first temperatures, upon approaching the phase transition from above and below, respectively, at which metastable droplets of the second phase can fluctuate out of the first phase. Until recently, there has, however, been little physical evidence supporting the existence of the spinodal temperatures. Elastic and inelastic neutron-scattering measurements have been carried out on Cu3Au over an extended temperature range with particular emphasis on temperatures near Tc. The lattice constant data, order-parameter data, and phonon data provided by these measurements all indicate that there are two temperature regimes just below Tc with a crossover between these regimes in the range of (Tc – 35) to (Tc – 25) K. This crossover temperature is interpreted as the lower spinodal temperature of Cu3Au.
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Alaradi, Maryam, and Ayman Almuqamam. "Awareness of Testicular Cancer and Testicular Self-Examination among Men in Bahrain." Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Care 5, no. 4 (December 11, 2020): 259–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31557/apjcc.2020.5.4.259-263.
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Introduction: Although testicular cancer (TC) is a rare tumor accounting for 1% of malignancies in men, it is the most common cancer found in adolescents and young men between 15 to 35 years old. Routine screening for TC is not recommended. Therefore, testicular self-examination (TSE) is an important tool for the early detection of TC. If detected early, TC has a high survival rate. Increasing awareness of TC and TSE is crucial for early detection, diagnosis, and treatment. We aimed to assess the level of awareness of TC and TSE among men in Bahrain. Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used to recruit a convenience sample of 243 men from public places using a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square test were conducted.Results: The results showed that 43% were Bahraini, 53% were aware that men can get TC, 82% perceived themselves as having a low risk for developing TC, 15% knew signs of TC, 20% heard about TSE, and 5.8% reported performing TSE. A significant association between knowledge of early signs and symptoms of TC and nationality (p = .006), perception of the importance of performing TSE regularly and nationality (p = .003), and between age (p = .013), level of education (p = .015) and the willingness to perform TSE if the participant was educated about TSE.Conclusion: Awareness about TC and TSE is poor among men in Bahrain. Policymakers in the Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health may consider integrating TC and TSE education in the curriculum and the healthcare provided to adolescents and young men across the kingdom.
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Volkova, Liubov, Michael Tausz, Lauren T. Bennett, and Erwin Dreyer. "Interactive effects of high irradiance and moderate heat on photosynthesis, pigments, and tocopherol in the tree-fern Dicksonia antarctica." Functional Plant Biology 36, no. 12 (2009): 1046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp09098.
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Effects of high irradiance and moderate heat on photosynthesis of the tree-fern Dicksonia antarctica (Labill., Dicksoniaceae) were examined in a climate chamber under two contrasting irradiance regimes (900 and 170 µmol photons m–2 s–1) and three sequential temperature treatments (15°C; 35°C; back to 15°C). High irradiance led to decline in predawn quantum yield of photochemistry, Fv/Fm (0.73), maximal Rubisco activity (Vcmax; from 37 to 29 µmol m–2s–1), and electron transport capacity (Jmax; from 115 to 67 µmol m–2 s–1). Temperature increase to 35°C resulted in further decreases in Fv/Fm (0.45) and in chlorophyll bleaching of high irradiance plants, while Vcmax and Jmax were not affected. Critical temperature for thylakoid stability (Tc) of D. antarctica was comparable with other higher plants (c. 47°C), and increases of Tc with air temperature were greater in high irradiance plants. Increased Tc was not associated with accumulation of osmotica or zeaxanthin formation. High irradiance increased the xanthophyll cycle pigment pool (V+A+Z, 91 v. 48 mmol mol–1 chlorophyll–1), de-epoxidation state (56% v. 4%), and α-tocopherol. Temperature increase to 35°C had no effect on V+A+Z and de-epoxidation state in both light regimes, while lutein, β-carotene and α-tocopherols increased, potentially contributing to increased membrane stability under high irradiance.
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Lee, Juhyun, Jungho Im, Dong-Hyun Cha, Haemi Park, and Seongmun Sim. "Tropical Cyclone Intensity Estimation Using Multi-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Networks from Geostationary Satellite Data." Remote Sensing 12, no. 1 (December 28, 2019): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12010108.
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For a long time, researchers have tried to find a way to analyze tropical cyclone (TC) intensity in real-time. Since there is no standardized method for estimating TC intensity and the most widely used method is a manual algorithm using satellite-based cloud images, there is a bias that varies depending on the TC center and shape. In this study, we adopted convolutional neural networks (CNNs) which are part of a state-of-art approach that analyzes image patterns to estimate TC intensity by mimicking human cloud pattern recognition. Both two dimensional-CNN (2D-CNN) and three-dimensional-CNN (3D-CNN) were used to analyze the relationship between multi-spectral geostationary satellite images and TC intensity. Our best-optimized model produced a root mean squared error (RMSE) of 8.32 kts, resulting in better performance (~35%) than the existing model using the CNN-based approach with a single channel image. Moreover, we analyzed the characteristics of multi-spectral satellite-based TC images according to intensity using a heat map, which is one of the visualization means of CNNs. It shows that the stronger the intensity of the TC, the greater the influence of the TC center in the lower atmosphere. This is consistent with the results from the existing TC initialization method with numerical simulations based on dynamical TC models. Our study suggests the possibility that a deep learning approach can be used to interpret the behavior characteristics of TCs.
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Goebbert, Kevin H., and Lance M. Leslie. "Interannual Variability of Northwest Australian Tropical Cyclones." Journal of Climate 23, no. 17 (September 1, 2010): 4538–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jcli3362.1.
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Abstract Tropical cyclone (TC) activity over the southeast Indian Ocean has been studied far less than other TC basins, such as the North Atlantic and northwest Pacific. The authors examine the interannual TC variability of the northwest Australian (NWAUS) subbasin (0°–35°S, 105°–135°E), using an Australian TC dataset for the 39-yr period of 1970–2008. Thirteen TC metrics are assessed, with emphasis on annual TC frequencies and total TC days. Major findings are that for the NWAUS subbasin, there are annual means of 5.6 TCs and 42.4 TC days, with corresponding small standard deviations of 2.3 storms and 20.0 days. For intense TCs (WMO category 3 and higher), the annual mean TC frequency is 3.0, with a standard deviation of 1.6, and the annual average intense TC days is 7.6 days, with a standard deviation of 4.5 days. There are no significant linear trends in either mean annual TC frequencies or TC days. Notably, all 13 variability metrics show no trends over the 39-yr period and are less dependent upon standard El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variables than many other TC basins, including the rest of the Australian region basin. The largest correlations with TC frequency were geopotential heights for June–August at 925 hPa over the South Atlantic Ocean (r = −0.65) and for April–June at 700 hPa over North America (−0.64). For TC days the largest correlations are geopotential heights for July–September at 1000 hPa over the South Atlantic Ocean (−0.7) and for April–June at 850 hPa over North America (−0.58). Last, wavelet analyses of annual TC frequencies and TC days reveal periodicities at ENSO and decadal time scales. However, the TC dataset is too short for conclusive evidence of multidecadal periodicities. Given the large correlations revealed by this study, developing and testing of a multivariate seasonal TC prediction scheme has commenced, with lead times up to 6 months.
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Kawashima, Yosuke, Akira Inoue, Shunichi Sugawara, Masao Harada, Kunihiko Kobayashi, Toshiyuki Kozuki, Shoichi Kuyama, et al. "Phase II study of amrubicin (AMR) and carboplatin (CBDCA) for invasive thymoma (IT) and thymic carcinoma (TC): NJLCG0803." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2013): 7530. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.7530.
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7530 Background: There has been no standard chemotherapy for advanced thymic malignancies including IT and TC although anthracycline or platinum agents have been commonly used for them. AMR, a new anthracycline agent, was approved for lung cancer in Japan and we had previously conducted some prospective studies of AMR combined with CBDCA for patients with small-cell lung cancer, which revealed this regimen was active with acceptable toxicity. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this combination for patients with advanced thymic malignancies. Methods: Patients with histologically confirmed thymic malignancies received AMR (35 mg/m2, day1-3) and CBDCA (AUC 4.0, day1) every 3 weeks. Patients who underwent previous chemotherapy received reduced dose of AMR (30 mg/m2). The primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR), and secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival and toxicity profile. Assuming that ORR of 75% and 45% would indicate the potential usefulness while ORR of 50% and 20% would be the lower limit of interest, with alpha = 0.10 and beta = 0.20, for IT patients and TC patients, respectively, 18 IT patients and 16 TC patients were at least required. Results: From December 2008 to October 2012, 51 patients (18 IT and 33 TC) were enrolled from 20 institutions in Japan. Patients’ characteristics are as follows; male/female 35/16; median age 66 (range 39-78); performance status 0/1 24/27. The ORR and disease control rate were 17% and 89% in IT, and 30% and 85% in TC. Preliminary median PFS was 7.6 months in both groups. Toxicity was generally moderate and no treatment related death was observed. Conclusions: This is the largest prospective study of chemotherapy for advanced thymic malignancies. AMR combined with CBDCA was effective for TC patients with acceptable toxicities. Clinical trial information: R000001598.
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Glaspy, John, Tom Tang, Dean Rutty, Xiaoqiang Yan, Igor Bondarenko, and Dmitrii Krasnozhon. "A Phase II, Randomized, Multi-Centre, Open-Label, Active-Controlled, Dose-Finding Trial of F-627 (benefilgrastim) in Women with Breast Cancer Receiving Myelotoxic Chemotherapy." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 1584. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.1584.1584.
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Abstract Neutropenia is common in patients receiving myelotoxic chemotherapy. Benefilgrastim, an rhG-CSF dimer (rhG-CSF-FC fusion protein), is a once-per-cycle therapy for prophylactic neutrophil support. In this Phase II trial, 230 women with stage I-IV breast cancer are to be treated for 4 chemotherapy cycles with either docetaxel/cyclophosphamide (TC) or doxorubicin/docetaxel/cyclophosphamide (TAC) chemotherapy, with each cycle lasting approximately 21 days. Patients will be randomized to receive either benefilgrastim or pegfilgrastim (Neulasta; 6 mg fixed dose) one day after chemotherapy during each cycle, as a subcutaneous injection. Dose levels of benefilgrastim examined are 80 µg/kg (TC patients only), and 240 and 320 µg/kg (TC and TAC patients). The primary endpoint is the duration of grade 3/4 neutropenia in chemotherapy cycle 1. As of August 1, 2014, 232 patients have completed chemotherapy cycle 1; safety and efficacy were analyzed for these enrolled patients. For the TC chemotherapy regimen, a total of 141 patients were randomized (ratio = 1:1:1:1) into 4 arms (80, 240, and 320 µg/kg benefilgrastim or 6 mg pegfilgrastim). In the TAC chemotherapy regimen, a total of 91 patients were randomized (ratio = 1:1:1) into 3 arms (240 and 320 µg/kg benefilgrastim or 6 mg pegfilgrastim). The incidence of grade 3/4 and grade 4 neutropenia and their mean durations in cycle 1 are provided in Table 1. There were higher incidences of grade 3/4 and grade 4 neutropenia in the TAC regimen compared to the TC regimen. The safety profiles of benefilgrastim and pegfilgrastim were similar. A total of 10 SAEs were reported in 6 patients with the majority (7 SAEs in 4 patients) occurring in those receiving pegfilgrastim. The most commonly observed treatment emergent adverse events (>10% of total TC + TAC patients) were: alopecia, nausea, asthenia, neutropenia, bone pain, and fatigue. The rates were similar amongst treatment regimens and treatment groups. In summary, a single subcutaneous injection of benefilgrastim 240 or 320 µg/kg provided neutrophil support to patients treated with both the TC and TAC chemotherapy regimens. The safety profile of benefilgrastim was comparable to that of pegfilgrastim during multiple chemotherapy cycles. The results suggest a potential use of benefilgrastim for the management of severe neutropenia in cancer patients undergoing high dose chemotherapy. Abstract 1584. Table 1: Preliminary Results TC Regimen TAC Regimen Benefilgrastim Pegfilgrastim 6 mg (N=35) Benefilgrastim Pegfilgrastim 6 mg (N=29) 80 µg/kg (N=35) 240 µg/kg (N=37) 320 µg/kg (N=34) 240 µg/kg (N=29) 320 µg/kg (N=30) Grade 3/4 neutropenia n/N (%) 10/35 (28.6) 10/37 (27.0) 7/34 (20.6) 7/35 (20.0) 17/25 (68.0) 19/26 (73.1) 17/24 (70.8) Duration (days) Mean (SD) 95% CI 2.4 (2.07) 1.2, 3.6 2.2 (0.79) 1.7, 2.7 1.9 (0.38) 1.6, 2.1 1.4 (0.79) 0.9, 2.0 2.8 (1.67) 2.1, 3.5 2.6 (1.07) 2.2, 3.1 2.2 (0.73) 1.9, 2.5 Grade 4 neutropenia n/N (%) 4/35 (11.4) 7/37 (18.9) 6/34 (17.6) 3/35 (8.6) 14/25 (56.0) 17/26 (65.4) 15/24 (62.5) Duration (days) Mean (SD) 95% CI 2.0 (1.15) 0.6, 3.4 2.1 (0.90) 1.5, 2.8 1.2 (0.41) 0.8, 1.5 1.0 (0.00) 1.0, 1.0 1.9 (1.33) 1.3, 2.6 2.0 (0.87) 1.6, 2.4 1.5 (0.64) 1.2, 1.8 SAEs n (%) # SAEs 0 0 1 (2.7) 1 0 0 2 (5.7) 3 0 0 1 (3.3) 2 2 (6.9) 4 CI=confidence interval; SAE=serious adverse event; SD=standard deviation Disclosures Glaspy: Generon (Shanghai) Corporation Ltd.: Research Funding. Tang:Generon (Shanghai) Corporation Ltd.: Employment. Rutty:Everest Clinical Research Services Inc.: Employment; Generon (Shanghai) Corporation Ltd.: Consultancy; Schering Corporation: Consultancy; Roche: Consultancy; Methylgene: Consultancy; Steba Biotech SA: Consultancy; Aderans Research Institute Inc: Consultancy; Stem Cell Theraputics: Consultancy; Genentech: Consultancy; Pearly Therapeutics: Consultancy; Sundise Chinese Medicine Technology Development Corp: Consultancy; Endocyte, Inc: Consultancy; Hutchison Medipharma: Consultancy; Nutrition Science Partners Limited: Consultancy. Yan:Generon (Shanghai) Corporation Ltd.: Employment.
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Lin, M. C., E. Mullady, and F. A. Wilson. "Timed photoaffinity labeling and characterization of bile acid binding and transport proteins in rat ileum." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 265, no. 1 (July 1, 1993): G56—G62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1993.265.1.g56.
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Rat ileal enterocytes were radiolabeled by flash photolysis with a photolabile derivative of taurocholate (7,7-azo-[3H]TC) and subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Maximal labeling of the bile acid binding proteins (BABPs) was achieved between 15 and 90 s. When enterocytes were pulsed with 7,7-azo-[3H]TC for 2 min, and then 0.5 mM TC was added to chase the radiolabel, the radioactivity in the BABPs was displaced by 50% after 2 min. The 99-kDa brush-border membrane (BBM) protein had the highest initial labeling rate, followed by 43-kDa actin, 35- and 14-kDa cytosolic proteins, 54-kDa basolateral membrane (BLM) protein, 59-kDa BLM-associated protein, and 20-kDa microsomal protein. When a mixed microsomal and cytosolic fraction was photolabeled with 7,7-azo-[3H]TC and then separated, the 20-kDa microsomal protein was labeled. However, if the microsomal fraction alone was photolabeled, the 20-kDa protein was not labeled, suggesting this protein required a cytosolic cofactor for labeling. Using Triton X-114 phase separation and EDTA extraction, the BABPs were separated into amphiphilic integral membrane proteins (99- and 54-kDa proteins) and hydrophilic proteins (14-, 35-, 43-, and 59-kDa proteins). From these data, a model is proposed for transcellular bile acid transport in rat ileal enterocytes.
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Boonchuay, Pinpanit, Charin Techapun, Noppol Leksawasdi, Phisit Seesuriyachan, Prasert Hanmoungjai, Masanori Watanabe, Siraprapa Srisupa, and Thanongsak Chaiyaso. "Bioethanol Production from Cellulose-Rich Corncob Residue by the Thermotolerant Saccharomyces cerevisiae TC-5." Journal of Fungi 7, no. 7 (July 9, 2021): 547. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7070547.
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This study aimed to select thermotolerant yeast for bioethanol production from cellulose-rich corncob (CRC) residue. An effective yeast strain was identified as Saccharomyces cerevisiae TC-5. Bioethanol production from CRC residue via separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF), simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF), and prehydrolysis-SSF (pre-SSF) using this strain were examined at 35–42 °C compared with the use of commercial S. cerevisiae. Temperatures up to 40 °C did not affect ethanol production by TC-5. The ethanol concentration obtained via the commercial S. cerevisiae decreased with increasing temperatures. The highest bioethanol concentrations obtained via SHF, SSF, and pre-SSF at 35–40 °C of strain TC-5 were not significantly different (20.13–21.64 g/L). The SSF process, with the highest ethanol productivity (0.291 g/L/h), was chosen to study the effect of solid loading at 40 °C. A CRC level of 12.5% (w/v) via fed-batch SSF resulted in the highest ethanol concentrations of 38.23 g/L. Thereafter, bioethanol production via fed-batch SSF with 12.5% (w/v) CRC was performed in 5-L bioreactor. The maximum ethanol concentration and ethanol productivity values were 31.96 g/L and 0.222 g/L/h, respectively. The thermotolerant S. cerevisiae TC-5 is promising yeast for bioethanol production under elevated temperatures via SSF and the use of second-generation substrates.
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Miyazawa, K., S. Ishida, K. Kihou, P. M. Shirage, M. Nakajima, C. H. Lee, H. Kito, et al. "Possible hydrogen doping and enhancement of Tc (=35 K) in a LaFeAsO-based superconductor." Applied Physics Letters 96, no. 7 (February 15, 2010): 072514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3319508.
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Kämpfer, I., A. Seese, C. Dannenberg, R. Kluge, W. Burchert, W. H. Knapp, and H. Barthel. "Improvement of Brain SPECT by Stabilization of Tc-99m-HMPAO with Methylene Blue or Cobalt Chloride." Nuklearmedizin 38, no. 03 (1999): 80–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1632196.
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Summary Aim: This present study was carried out to investigate whether stabilization of Tc-99m-HMPAO with methylene blue (MB) or cobalt chloride (CC) causes a sensible improvement in image quality and how cerebral to noncerebral activity ratios compare with those of Tc-99m-ECD. Methods: 30 minutes after preparation 400-600 MBq unstabilized Tc-99m-HMPAO (N = 35 patients), Tc-99m-HMPAO added with MB (N = 24 patients), added with CC (N = 30 patients) or Tc-99m-ECD (N = 28 patients) were injected. Radiochemical stability was measured in vitro with three chromatographical methods. Image quality was assessed quantitatively using two ratios, one of them determined by count densities of brain/scalp (QS), the other one by count densities of brain/ nose (QN). In addition, image quality (0 = bad, 3 = excellent) and background activity (0 = high, 3 = no) were visually assessed by three independent observers. Results: In contrast to unstabilized Tc-99m-HMPAO the integrity of the complexes of MB-Tc-99m-HMPAO, CC-Tc-99m-HMPAO and Tc-99m-ECD decreased only by a few percent during a period of 2 hours after reconstitution (66.8 ± 9.9 vs. 93.0 ± 2.5, 91.8 ± 1.9 and 96.9 ± 1.4%, p <0.001). Qs and Qn (m.v. ± SD) differed significantly between studies using unstabilized Tc-99m-HMPAO (3.0 ± 0.4 and 2.1 ± 0.3), MB-Tc-99m-HMPAO (3.4 ± 0.4 and 2.3 ± 0.3), CC-Tc-99m-H M PAO (3.6 ± 0.6 and 2.6 ± 0.4) and those using Tc-99m-ECD (4.3 ± 0.7 and 4.8 ± 1.4; p <0.05 and <0.001). Stabilization with CC or MB resulted in significant higher scoring of image quality and lower scoring of background activity in comparison to that of unstabilized Tc-99m-HMPAO, without reaching the scores obtained with Tc-99m-ECD. Conclusions: It is concluded that stabilization of Tc-99m-HMPAO with MB or CC definitely improves image quality in rCBF-SPECT, without reaching that of Tc-99m-ECD. Improvement of image quality results from the reduction of the amount of decomposition products that contribute to considerable extracerebral activity.
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Chang, Pao-Liang, Ben Jong-Dao Jou, and Jian Zhang. "An Algorithm for Tracking Eyes of Tropical Cyclones." Weather and Forecasting 24, no. 1 (February 1, 2009): 245–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008waf2222112.1.
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Abstract A tropical cyclone (TC) eye tracking (TCET) algorithm is presented in this study to objectively identify and track the eye and center of a tropical cyclone using radar reflectivity data. Twelve typhoon cases were studied for evaluating the TCET algorithm. Results show that the TCET can track TC centers for several hours. The longest tracking time is about 35 h. Eye locations estimated from different radars showed consistency with a mean distance bias of about 3.5 km and a standard deviation of about 1.5 km. The TCET analysis shows decreasing eye radius as TCs approach land, especially within 50 km of the coastline. The TCET algorithm is computationally efficient and can be automated by using the TC center in the previous volume or the estimated center from satellite images as an initial guess. The TCET may not accurately find the TC center when a TC is weak or does not have an enclosed eyewall or when it does have highly noncircular eyes. However, the algorithm is still suitable for operational implementation and provides high spatial and temporal resolution information for TC centers and eye radii, especially for intense TCs.
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Niu, Yadong, Liang Zhang, Ting Ye, Yan Yan, and Yan Zhang. "Can unsuccessful treatment in primary medical institutions influence patients’ choice? A retrospective cluster sample study from China." BMJ Open 9, no. 1 (January 2019): e022304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022304.
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ObjectiveChina has been attempting to control the patients’ choice of high-level medical institutions through series measures of first point of contact at primary medical institutions, but the outcome is considered poor. We aim to analyse whether unsuccessful treatment in primary medical institutions can lead to the patients’ choice of high-level medical institutions.DesignA retrospective cluster sample study.SettingThe study setting was in Macheng city, Hubei province.ParticipantsThe respondents are township–county (TC) patients (patients who first went to township hospitals and then county hospitals within 30 days for the same disease) who experienced unsuccessful treatment in primary medical institutions. A total of 2090 TC patients were screened out based on the New Rural Cooperative Medical System database in 2013.Main outcome measuresThe choice of patients between township hospitals (primary medical institutions) and county hospitals was observed. We compared TC patients’ ratio of choosing county hospitals (RoCC) before TC experience with after TC experience. Thereafter, we compared RoCC of TC patients and non-TC patients (patients who did not experience TC) based on coarsened exact matching.ResultsThe ratio of TC for outpatient in township hospitals is 0.68% and that of TC for inpatient in township hospitals is 3.37%. RoCC for TC disease increased from 20.8% to 35.5% (p<0.001), RoCC for other disease increased from 35% to 37.3% (p=0.01). TC patients had significantly higher RoCC than non-TC patients (p<0.001).ConclusionsPatients’ choice of high-level medical institutions is highly associated with the experience of unsuccessful treatment in primary medical institutions. Moreover, people likely select high-level medical institutions thereafter regardless of conditions in rural China. Unsuccessful treatment in primary medical institutions is inevitable for patients. Thus, additional measures should be considered in lowering the potential risks for patients when treatments fail.Trial registration numberChiCTR-OOR-14005563.
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Rahman, Sonia, Halima Begum, Zaida Rahman, Ferdous Ara, Md Jalaluddin Iqbal, and Abul Kalam Mohammad Yousuf. "Effect of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) as a Lipid Lowering Agent on Hypercholesterolemic Rats." Journal of Enam Medical College 3, no. 2 (August 7, 2013): 94–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jemc.v3i2.16132.
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Background: Dyslipidemia is one of the important causes of cardiovascular disease related mortality and morbidity. Recently it has become a significant issue in public health problem of developing countries. The purpose of the study was to find a suitable solution for reducing blood lipid in dyslipidemic patients by conducting a research on the effect of cinnamon in hypercholesterolemic rats. Objective: To study the lipid lowering effect of Cinnamomum cassia on experimentally induced hypercholesterolemic rats. Materials and Methods: This study was done on 30 male Long Evans rats weighing about 200--210 gram. For convenience, the study was divided into two experiments --- Experiment I and Experiment II. In experiment I, 12 animals were divided into two groups. One was Group A (n = 6, control group) fed on laboratory diet and the other was Group B (n = 6) fed on laboratory diet and cinnamon for 35 days. In experiment II, the remaining 18 rats were fed fatty mixture diet containing 1% cholesterol and 0.25% cholic acid. The hypercholesterolemic rats were then divided into 3 groups, Group C, D, and E (n=6 in each group). Group D and Group E were additionally fed on cinnamon powder and tablet atorvastatin for 35 days respectively. Serum TC, TG, LDL-C and HDL-C were measured after 35 days. Results: Fatty mixture diet increased TG, TC and LDL-C significantly. Cinnamon treated fatty mixture diet group showed that Cinnamomum cassia decreased plasma TC, TG and LDL-C. Atorvastatin therapy decreased TC, TG and LDL-C levels significantly compared with the lowering effect of cinnamon. Conclusion: The results of this experimental study indicate that Cinnamomum cassia can act as a hypocholesterolemic agent and thereby can improve cardiovascular functions. Journal of Enam Medical College; Vol 3 No 2 July 2013; Page 94-98 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jemc.v3i2.16132
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Stephenson, Ben T., Sven P. Hoekstra, Keith Tolfrey, and Victoria L. Goosey-Tolfrey. "High Thermoregulatory Strain During Competitive Paratriathlon Racing in the Heat." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 15, no. 2 (February 1, 2020): 231–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2019-0116.
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Purpose: Paratriathletes may display impairments in autonomic (sudomotor and/or vasomotor function) or behavioral (drinking and/or pacing of effort) thermoregulation. As such, this study aimed to describe the thermoregulatory profile of athletes competing in the heat. Methods: Core temperature (Tc) was recorded at 30-second intervals in 28 mixed-impairment paratriathletes during competition in a hot environment (air temperature = 33°C, relative humidity = 35%–41%, and water temperature = 25°C–27°C), via an ingestible temperature sensor (BodyCap e-Celsius). Furthermore, in a subset of 9 athletes, skin temperature was measured. Athletes’ wetsuit use was noted while heat illness symptoms were self-reported postrace. Results: In total, 22 athletes displayed a Tc ≥ 39.5°C with 8 athletes ≥40.0°C. There were increases across the average Tc for swim, bike, and run sections (P ≤ .016). There was no change in skin temperature during the race (P ≥ .086). Visually impaired athletes displayed a significantly greater Tc during the run section than athletes in a wheelchair (P ≤ .021). Athletes wearing a wetsuit (57% athletes) had a greater Tc when swimming (P ≤ .032), whereas those reporting heat illness symptoms (57% athletes) displayed a greater Tc at various time points (P ≤ .046). Conclusions: Paratriathletes face significant thermal strain during competition in the heat, as evidenced by high Tc, relative to previous research in able-bodied athletes and a high incidence of self-reported heat illness symptomatology. Differences in the Tc profile exist depending on athletes’ race category and wetsuit use.
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Kalra, Seema, Ning Li, Shakuntla Seetharam, David H. Alpers, and Bellur Seetharam. "Function and stability of human transcobalamin II: role of intramolecular disulfide bonds C98-C291 and C147-C187." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 285, no. 1 (July 2003): C150—C160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00496.2002.
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The current studies have investigated the role of three disulfide bonds of human transcobalamin II (TC II), a plasma transporter of cobalamin (Cbl; vitamin B12), in its function and stability. When translated in vitro in the presence or absence of microsomal vesicles, TC II constructs with a single substitution, C3S or C249S, demonstrated synthesis of a stable functional protein. However, TC II synthesized in the presence of microsomal vesicles using constructs with a single (C98S, C147S, C187S, C291S), double (C3/147/S, C98/147/S) or triple (C3/98/147/S) substitution was unstable. In the absence of microsomal vesicles, the percentage of binding to Cbl-Sepharose matrix by TC II expressed by constructs C3S, C3/147/S, C98/147/S, or C3/98/147/S was 100, 49, 52, and 35%, respectively. Upon their reductive alkylation, the binding of TC II expressed by these constructs was reduced to ∼25–30%. TC II constructs C3S or C249S, when expressed in TC II-deficient fibroblasts, produced a stable functional protein, but those expressed by constructs C147S, C187S, C291S, C3/147/S, C98/147/S, or C3/98/147/S were rapidly degraded. The intracellular degradation of TC II expressed by these constructs was inhibited by lactacystin or MG-132 but not by the lysosomal degradation inhibitors ammonium chloride or chloroquine. These studies suggest that optimal binding of Cbl by human TC II is supported by disulfide bonds C98-C291 and C147-C187 and that their disruption results in loss of Cbl binding and their rapid degradation by the proteasomal machinery.
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Kondo, Seiichi. "Superconducting characteristics and the thermal stability of tungsten-based amorphous thin films." Journal of Materials Research 7, no. 4 (April 1992): 853–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1992.0853.
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Superconducting characteristics and the thermal stability of sputtered, tungsten-based, amorphous thin films are investigated. Electronic properties and crystalline structures are analyzed as a function of the metalloid content in the films. It is well known that the superconducting Tc of a bulk crystalline tungsten is 0.01 K, which is one of the lowest transition temperatures among the superconducting metals. We have found that the W film containing 5 to 70 at. % metalloids exhibits a great enhancement in Tc. In the region of 15 to 35 at. % metalloids, the Tc shows the maximum of 5.0 K, and the transition from normal to superconducting state occurs very sharply. SEM observation together with x-ray diffraction analysis indicates that these films are amorphous in structure. The electrical resistivity is about 150 μΩ-cm, and shows little temperature dependence from Tc to 300 K. In addition, the W–Si amorphous superconductor is thermally very stable after annealing at 700 °C, but the W–Ge amorphous alloy crystallizes at 600 °C.
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Kokkinakis E, N., A. Fragkiadakis G, H. Ioakeimidi S, B. Giankoulof I, and N. Kokkinaki A. "Microbiological quality of ice cream after HACCP implementation: a factory case study." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 26, No. 5 (October 31, 2008): 383–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/1126-cjfs.
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The microbiological quality of the final product and the safety of the production procedures were screened in an ice cream factory, after implementation of a Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP) system. We analysed 30 vanilla (IC1), 30 strawberry (IC2), and 30 chocolate flavoured (IC3) samples of ice cream; 30 of water; 90 of personnel’s hands flora; 150 of plastic ice cream containers flora; 50 of sanitised equipment-surfaces flora. After HACCP introduction, Staphylococcus aureus was not further detectable in ice cream and Escherichia coli was mostly less than 10 CFU/g, while the spoilage markers (total coliforms – TC, aerobic plate counts – APC) in ice cream and the environment were reduced by 20–35%. Mean log CFU/g, for IC1: TC from 2.20 reduced to 1.57, APC from 4.58 reduced to 3.62. For IC2: TC from 2.29 reduced to 1.65, APC from 4.61 reduced to 3.49. For IC3: TC from 2.67 reduced to 1.76, APC from 5.08 reduced to 3.81.
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Milanesi, I., L. Farina, M. G. Bruzzone, A. Pozzi, A. Boiardi, L. Maffioli, M. Gasparini, E. Bombardieri, and M. A. Vaghi. "Confronto tra Tomoscintigrafia (SPECT) e studi TC e/o RM nella diagnosi differenziale tra recidiva tumorale e radionecrosi cerebrale." Rivista di Neuroradiologia 8, no. 5 (October 1995): 657–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/197140099500800503.
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Sono stati eseguiti 35 esami SPECT con 99mTc-sesta-MIBI su 28 pazienti affetti da tumore cerebrale primitivo maligno e già sottoposti ad intervento chirurgico, radioterapia e chemiotera-pia. Gli esami sono stati confrontati con TC e/o RM per valutarne l'utilità nella diagnosi differenziale tra recidiva del tumore e radionecrosi. In mancanza di un sicuro riscontro chirurgico o autoptico, è stato tenuto conto dell'evoluzione successiva della lesione alla TC e/o alla RM. Con questo criterio sono risultati 6 casi falsi negativi e 1 caso falso positivo alla SPECT.
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Tarascon, J.-M., and B. G. Bagley. "Oxygen Stoichiometry and the High Tc Superconducting Oxides." MRS Bulletin 14, no. 1 (January 1989): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400053914.
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Oxide compounds have been extensively studied through the years because they exhibit a broad spectrum of electrical, magnetic, and optical properties providing both scientific and technological interest. Most oxides are insulators, but a few of them (e.g., LiTi2O4 or BaPb1−x BixO3 show metallic conductivity and even superconductivity at low temperatures. The discovery of superconductivity at 35 K by Bednorz and Müller in the cuprate La-Ba-Cu-O system prompted the search for other high Tc compounds among this oxide family. Superconductivity above liquid nitrogen was then rapidly achieved with the Y-Ba-Cu-O system (Tc=90 K) and subsequently, with the Bi-Sr-Ca-Bu-O and Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-O systems, Tc was raised to 110 K and then 125 K.A common feature of these new high Tc cuprates is that they belong to the large family of materials, termed perovskites, which have been studied over the years because of their ability to absorb or lose oxygen reversibly (i.e., for their nonstoichiometry in oxygen). It had been previously established in the field of superconductivity that Tc is extremely sensitive to compositional stoichiometry.
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Anshori, Fuad, Teguh Triyono, and Tri Ratnaningsih. "THE DIFFERENCE OF MYELOPEROXIDASE LEVEL IN THROMBOCYTE CONCENTRATE (TC) BASED ON PREPARATION METHOD." INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY 25, no. 3 (April 18, 2019): 274. http://dx.doi.org/10.24293/ijcpml.v25i3.1462.
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The thrombocyte concentrate (TC) preparation process through its storage affects the platelets contained inside. The contaminating leukocytes in TC is an important factor implicated in storage lesion on TC during storage. Leukodepletion is a method to reduce contaminant leukocytes. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is an enzyme produced by polymorphonuclear cells that have the potential to change structure and function of platelets when there is interaction between them during storage. The aim of this study is assessing the difference in myeloperoxidase level of TC based on its preparation method (leukodepleted and non-leukodepleted) and time storage. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the Blood Transfusion Services Unit, Dr. Sardjito hospital, Yogyakarta from April to December 2014. Thrombocyte Concentrate products was grouped based on storage time (≤ and >72 hours) and preparation method (leukodepleted and non-leukodepleted), their MPO was then measured. Mean difference in each group was analyzed using ANOVA test and post hoc test with statistical significance level of p < 0.05. There were 64 eligible subjects, consisted of 29 leukodepleted TCs and 35 non-leukodepleted TCs, based on their storage time, 31 TCs had ≤72 hours storage time and the other 33 TCs > 72 hours. There were significantly lower median MPO level in ≤72 hours TCs than > 72 hours in non-leukodepleted TC group (13.23 ± 6.47 ng/mL vs 15.58 ± 7.82 ng/mL; p = 0.017). In TC group with more than 72 hours storage time, median MPO level in non-leukodepleted was significantly higher than leukodepleted TC (15.58 ± 7.82 ng/mL vs. 11.11 ± 3.97 ng/mL; p = 0,001). Myeloperoxidase level was lower in non-leukodepleted TC group with ≤ 72 hours than > 72 hours storage time. Furthermore, the MPO level was higher in leukodepleted TC than non-leukodepleted TC in > 72 hours storage time.
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Yatsunyk, Liliya A., and F. Ann Walker. "Synthesis and characterization of the iron(III) complexes of tetra-(β,β'-tetramethylene)tetraphenylporphyrin, (TC6TPP)FeCl and (TC6TPP)FeONO2." Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 09, no. 03 (March 2005): 214–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1088424605000289.
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The synthesis, NMR and EPR spectroscopic investigation as well as two crystal structures of ( TC 6 TPP ) FeX , where X - = chloride and nitrate are reported. The crystal structure of ( TC 6 TPP ) FeCl reveals an almost equal mixture of saddled and ruffled distortion of the porphyrin as judged by the coefficients of the lowest-frequency vibrational modes (calculated from Normal-Coordinate Structural Decomposition), while ( TC 6 TPP ) FeONO 2 is mainly saddled and more distorted overall. This difference in core structure indicates high conformational flexibility of the TC 6 TPP porphyrin ligand. Overall, both ( TC 6 TPP ) FeX structures have smaller deviation from planarity as compared to five coordinate ( OMTPP ) FeCl and ( OETPP ) FeCl . Therefore, the nature and number of peripheral substituents as well as the axial ligand(s) control geometry and conformation of the porphyrins and fine-tune their spectroscopic properties. EPR data (4.2 K) indicate a predominantly high-spin ( S = 5/2, 97.3%) ground state for ( TC 6 TPP ) FeCl and less pure high-spin state ( S = 5/2, 80%) for ( TC 6 TPP ) FeONO 2. The NMR results support an ideally saddled structure or rapid switching between saddled and ruffled conformations of ( TC 6 TPP ) FeX in solution. The flexibility of the porphyrin core was addressed by using dynamic NMR spectroscopy. The following kinetic parameters for ring inversion were obtained: Δ H ‡ = 24(1) kJ . mol −1, Δ S ‡ = −37(3) J . mol −1. K −1 and Δ H ‡ = 36(1) kJ . mol −1, Δ S ‡ = 20(4) J . mol −1. K −1 for ( TC 6 TPP ) FeCl and ( TC 6 TPP ) FeONO 2, respectively. This results in low free energies of activation, Δ G 298‡ = 35(2) and 30(2) kJ.mol−1, respectively, indicating extremely high flexibility of the porphyrin core in solution (kex298 > 4.2 × 106 and 3.8 × 107 s−1).
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Steffen, John, and Mark Bourassa. "Barrier Layer Development Local to Tropical Cyclones based on Argo Float Observations." Journal of Physical Oceanography 48, no. 9 (September 2018): 1951–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-17-0262.1.
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AbstractThe objective of this study is to quantify barrier layer development due to tropical cyclone (TC) passage using Argo float observations of temperature and salinity. To accomplish this objective, a climatology of Argo float measurements is developed from 2001 to 2014 for the Atlantic, eastern Pacific, and central Pacific basins. Each Argo float sample consists of a prestorm and poststorm temperature and salinity profile pair. In addition, a no-TC Argo pair dataset is derived for comparison to account for natural ocean state variability and instrument sensitivity. The Atlantic basin shows a statistically significant increase in barrier layer thickness (BLT) and barrier layer potential energy (BLPE) that is largely attributable to an increase of 2.6 m in the post-TC isothermal layer depth (ITLD). The eastern Pacific basin shows no significant changes to any barrier layer characteristic, likely due to a shallow and highly stratified pycnocline. However, the near-surface layer freshens in the upper 30 m after TC passage, which increases static stability. Finally, the central Pacific has a statistically significant freshening in the upper 20–30 m that increases upper-ocean stratification by ~35%. The mechanisms responsible for increases in BLPE vary between the Atlantic and both Pacific basins; the Atlantic is sensitive to ITLD deepening, while the Pacific basins show near-surface freshening to be more important in barrier layer development. In addition, Argo data subsets are used to investigate the physical relationships between the barrier layer and TC intensity, TC translation speed, radial distance from TC center, and time after TC passage.
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DeJonge, Kendall C., Huihui Zhang, Saleh Taghvaeian, and Thomas J. Trout. "Canopy Temperature Bias from Soil Variability Enhanced at High Temperatures." Transactions of the ASABE 63, no. 1 (2020): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.13554.
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HighlightMaize canopy temperature (Tc) was evaluated among four replicates of seven irrigation treatments.Individual replicates showed Tc bias correlated with soil electroconductivity and increasing Tc.At high Tc values (above 35°C), Tc bias was up to 5.0°C among plots with the same irrigation schedule.ABSTRACT. Maize canopy temperature was monitored on a continuous basis for two growing seasons in a limited-irrigation maize experiment with seven separate irrigation treatments and four replicates of each treatment. Soil electroconductivity (EC) was measured and mapped to quantify the variation in soil texture throughout the plots and was correlated with the average field capacity of the soil (R2 = 0.51). At lower canopy temperatures, indicating little or no water stress, very little difference was observed between replicates within the same treatment. However, at higher temperatures, soil texture had a greater influence on temperature, with soils having lower EC (and therefore lower water-holding capacity) showing more water stress. More specifically, at canopy temperatures above 29°C, the influence of soil texture biased the temperature by up to 2.0°C over the EC range of 16.9 to 40.2 mS m-1; at mean canopy temperatures of 35°C, this bias could be more than 5.0°C between field replicates. Results similar to the continuous infrared thermometry were found using nadir thermal images. This study demonstrates the importance of understanding the potential effects of soil variability on canopy temperature, which could have profound implications for spatially variable field-based management using thermal imaging or similar technologies. Keywords: Canopy temperature, Infrared thermometry, Limited irrigation, Soil variability.
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Correard, Florian, Françoise Blanc-léger, Clarisse Roux, Florence Lobrot, Frédéric Pinguet, Xavier Pourrat, Bertrand Pourroy, Catherine Donamaria, and Jacques Kopferschmitt. "Complementary medicine and cancer: A French multicenter survey." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2019): e23127-e23127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e23127.
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e23127 Background: There have been few reports about Complementary Therapy (TC) use in outpatients who are on active cancer chemotherapy in France. TC may interact with cancer treatments, reduce efficacy, or enhance adverse effects. Methods: This is a cross-sectional survey on TC use in 7 French hospitals (outpatient chemotherapy, conventional hospitalization and medical consultation departments). Eligible patients had to be followed for a cancer and be over 18. Results: 415 patients answered the questionnaire. 54% were female, More than 80% of patients were over 50. 230 patients (55.4%) reported using TCs. TCs were prescribed or recommended for 180 patients. The main TC users were patients with melanoma or other cutaneous cancer (90% of them) and bone and soft tissues sarcomas (86% of them). Most patients used only one TC (52.6%). The most used TCs were Phytotherapy (48%), Homeopathy (40%), supplemental dietary (35%) and aromatherapy (21%). 110 patients (47, 8% of patients with TC) used phytotherapy. The most used plants (≥5% of use) were: Curcuma and its derivative curcumine (13.9%), desmodium (7.4%), thymus (5%). 93 patients used homeopathy (40.4% of patients with TC). Only 48 patients used aromatherapy (20.9% of patients with TCM or 11.6% of the whole population). 81 patients used Supplemental dietary (35.2% of patients with TCM or 19.5% of the whole population). Only 27 patients used oligo-elements (11.7% of patients with TCM or 6.5% of the whole population),). Interestingly, 20% of patients declared to use others TCs (Physical activity, Acupuncture, Somatotherapy, Sophrology, Chinese traditional Medecine, Specific diet, Psychotherapy…). Patient who used TC were mainly under chemotherapy regimen.For each TC, most patients considered that they were useful or very useful. The main reasons for using TCs were “Wellbeing and psychological support” (35.8%), “Clinical symptoms and chemotherapy tolerance improvement” (34.6%) and “Treatment of cancer” (17.7%). Conclusions: To protect cancer patients from the potential hazard of combining their cancer treatment with TCs, patients should systematically be encouraged to report their TC use, while oncologists and pharmacists should be trained on evidence of TC, and patient guidance for a safer TC use.
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Namgung, June. "Electrocardiographic Findings in Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy: ECG Evolution and Its Difference from the ECG of Acute Coronary Syndrome." Clinical Medicine Insights: Cardiology 8 (January 2014): CMC.S14086. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/cmc.s14086.
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Background Electrocardiogram (ECG) manifestations of takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC) produce ST-segment elevation or T-wave inversion, mimicking acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We describe the ECG manifestation of TC, including ECG evolution, and its different points from ACS. Methods We studied 37 consecutive patients (age 67 ± 15 years, range 23-89, M:F = 12:25) from March 2004 to November 2012 with a diagnosis of TC who were proven to have apical ballooning on echocardiography or left ventricular angiography and normal coronary artery. We analyzed their standard 12-lead ECGs, including rate, PR interval, QRS duration, corrected QT (QTc) interval, ECG evolutions, and arrhythmia events. Results Two common ECG findings in TC were ST-segment elevation (n = 13, 35%) and T inversion (n = 24, 65%), mostly in the precordial leads. After ST-segment resolution, in a few days (3.5 days), diffuse and often deep T-wave inversion developed. Eight patients (22%) had transient Q-waves lasting a few days in precordial leads. No reciprocal ST-segment depression was noted. T-wave inversion continued for several months. QT prolongation (>440 milliseconds) was observed in 37 patients (97%). There were no significant life-threatening arrhythmias except atrial fibrillation (n = 6, 16%). Conclusion There are distinct differences between the ECGs of TC and ACS. These differences will help to differentiate TC from ACS.
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Shimizu, Yoichi, Keiichi Tanimura, Shimpei Iikuni, Hiroyuki Watanabe, Hideo Saji, and Masahiro Ono. "Development of Technetium-99m-Labeled BODIPY-Based Probes Targeting Lipid Droplets Toward the Diagnosis of Hyperlipidemia-Related Diseases." Molecules 24, no. 12 (June 19, 2019): 2283. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24122283.
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Hyperlipidemia causes systemic lipid disorder, which leads to hepatic steatosis and atherosclerosis. Thus, it is necessary to detect these syndromes early and precisely to improve prognosis. In the affected regions, abnormal formation and growth of lipid droplets is observed; therefore, lipid droplets may be a suitable target for the diagnosis of hyperlipidemia-related syndromes. In this study, we designed and synthesized [99mTc]Tc-BOD and [99mTc]Tc-MBOD composed of one technetium-99m and two BODIPY scaffolds with hydroxamamide (Ham) or N-methylated hydroxamamide (MHam) in radiochemical yields of 54 and 35%, respectively, with a radiochemical purity of over 95%. [99mTc]Tc-BOD showed significantly higher accumulation levels in foam cells than in non-foam cells (foam cells: 213.8 ± 64.8, non-foam cell: 126.2 ± 26.9 %dose/mg protein, p < 0.05) 2 h after incubation. In contrast, [99mTc]Tc-MBOD showed similar accumulation levels in foam cells and non-foam cells (foam cells: 92.2 ± 23.3, non-foam cell: 83.8 ± 19.8 %dose/mg protein). In normal mice, [99mTc]Tc-BOD exhibited gradual blood clearance (0.5 h: 4.98 ± 0.35, 6 h: 1.94 ± 0.12 %ID/g) and relatively high accumulation in the liver 6 h after administration (15.22 ± 1.72 %ID/g). Therefore, [99mTc]Tc-BOD may have potential as an imaging probe for detecting lipid droplets in disease lesions of hyperlipidemia.
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Pericleous, Marinos, Heather Lumgair, Johnathan Reiner, Laura Marelli, Martyn Caplin, Tim Meyer, and Christos Toumpanakis. "Bronchial neuroendocrine tumors: A retrospective review of management and outcomes in 116 patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2012): e17543-e17543. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.e17543.
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e17543 Background: Bronchial neuroendocrine tumours, represent 1–3% of all primary lung tumours and 25% of all neuroendocrine tumours (NETs). They are classified into: typical carcinoids (TC), atypical carcinoids (AC), large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (LCNEC) and small cell lung carcinomas (SCLC). The aim of our study was to assess diagnostic features, management and outcome, focusing on the differences between TC and AC. Methods: 116 patients were identified from our NET database. WHO histopathological classification was used. Follow-up was complete in all patients (mean follow-up 59.8 months). Disease-free survival (DFS), and progression-free survival (PFS) were evaluated for each therapy. Results: The average age of presentation was 55.30 years (range 16-85 years, M:F ratio=1:1.5). The commonest presenting symptom was cough (19%) followed by haemoptysis (18%). 36% were TC, 45% AC, and 19% LCNEC/SCLC. 16% TC and 28% AC patients had metastases at diagnosis. Octreoscan was positive in 76% TC and 66% AC. In 2 patients with TC and negative Octreoscan, Ga-68 Octreotate PET showed avid uptake in lung lesions. 46 patients had surgery. In 35 of AC, the disease relapsed (DFS=29.8 months) compared to 24% TC (DFS=48months). 12 patients received somatostatin analogues (SSTA) with PFS for TC 60 months and AC 21 months. 16 patients received systemic chemotherapy with PFS for TC 72 months and AC 21 months. 4/5 patients achieved disease stability with 90Yttrium-DOTAoctreotate. 5-years survival after surgery, chemotherapy or SSTA, was 91%, 86% and 81% respectively. Overall five year survival was 91% (100 % TC, 75% AC). Conclusions: AC and SCLC/LCLC more often present with metastatic disease with shorter DFS and PFS compared to TC. Molecular imaging is helpful for staging and predicting appropriateness for SSTA or radionuclide targeted therapy. Surgery confers the best survival rates. AC have higher relapse rates and metastatic potential. Further clinical trials are required to define the best treatment algorithm.
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Kupusarevic, Joe, Kevin McShane, and Tom Clifford. "Cherry Gel Supplementation Does Not Attenuate Subjective Muscle Soreness or Alter Wellbeing Following a Match in a Team of Professional Rugby Union players: A Pilot Study." Sports 7, no. 4 (April 5, 2019): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports7040084.
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This study examined the effects of sour tart cherry juice (TC) on muscle soreness (MS) and wellbeing following a rugby union match in professional players. In a crossover design, 10 players from a senior squad in the top tier of England consumed either 2 × 30 mL servings of TC or an isocaloric cherry-flavoured control gel (CON) two days before, the day of, and two days following an 80 min match. Subjective wellbeing and MS were measured before the match (Pre), and for three days following the match (M+1, M+2, and M+3, respectively). MS was elevated from Pre at M+1 (CON, 111 ± 37 mm vs. TC 94 ± 41 mm) and M+2 (CON, 81 ± 35 mm vs. TC 72 ± 36 mm) (time effect; p = 0.0001; ηp2 = 0.821) but there were no differences between TC and CON at either time point post-exercise (p = 0.807; ηp2 = 0.035). Wellness scores were ~15% lower at M+1 (p = 0.023; ηp2 = 0.638) but there were no differences between the two conditions at any time point (p = 0.647; ηp2 = 0.160). In conclusion, tart cherry juice did not attenuate soreness or alter wellbeing in a team of professional rugby union players following a competitive match.
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Somfai, T., K. Kikuchi, M. Nakai, M. Kaneda, S. Akagi, S. Watanabe, Y. Hirao, S. Haraguchi, M. Geshi, and T. Nagai. "79 A COMBINATION OF ETHYLENE GLYCOL AND PROPYLENE GLYCOL IS SUPERIOR TO INDIVIDUAL CRYOPROTECTANTS FOR THE VITRIFICATION OF IMMATURE PORCINE OOCYTES." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 25, no. 1 (2013): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv25n1ab79.
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We compared the feasibility of ethylene glycol (EG) and propylene glycol (PG) for the vitrification of immature porcine cumulus–oocyte complexes (COC). Porcine COC collected from 3- to 6-mm follicles of slaughterhouse-derived ovaries were subjected to solid-surface vitrification (Somfai et al. 2010 Theriogenology 73, 147–156) either in 35% (v/v) EG or 35% (v/v) PG or in the mixture of 17.5% (v/v) EG and 17.5% (v/v) PG. After warming, the COC were subjected to in vitro maturation, IVF, and embryo culture according to Kikuchi et al. (2002 Biol. Reprod. 66, 1033–1041). Oocyte survival and maturation rates were assessed after in vitro maturation by evaluating membrane integrity and the extrusion of the first polar body. All live oocytes were subjected to IVF and in vitro culture. Cleavage and blastocyst rates were calculated from the total number of oocytes subjected to IVF on Day 2 (Day 0 = IVF) and Day 7, respectively. Total-cell (blastomeres) numbers in blastocysts were recorded on Day 7 after staining with Hoechst 33342. In Experiment 1, competence parameters of oocytes vitrified either in EG-based (EG group; n = 310) or a PG-based (PG group; n = 265) vitrification media were compared with those in the nonvitrified control (n = 160). The experiment was replicated 4 times. In Experiment 2, the competence parameters of oocytes vitrified with the combination of 17.5% EG and 17.5% PG (EG+PG group; n = 397) were compared with those in nonvitrified control (n = 245) and toxicity control (TC, exposed to cryoprotectants without cooling; n = 245) groups. Five replications were performed. Results were analyzed by ANOVA. Differences with P < 0.05 were considered significant. In Experiment 1, the mean survival rate of vitrified oocytes was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in 35% PG compared with that in 35% EG (73.3 and 25.9%, respectively). Maturation rates of surviving oocytes did not differ among vitrified (PG and EG) and nonvitrified control groups (71.1, 62.4, and 64.0%, respectively). After IVF of surviving oocytes, blastocyst formation rate in the group vitrified in EG was higher (P < 0.05) compared with that vitrified in PG but was lower (P < 0.05) compared with control (10.8, 2.0, and 25.0%, respectively). Mean cell numbers in blastocysts did not differ among EG, PG, and control groups (50.5, 47.7, and 48.7, respectively). In Experiment 2, survival of immature oocytes in the EG+PG group was 42.6%. After IVF, 10.7% of oocytes developed to the blastocyst stage in the EG+PG group, which was lower (P < 0.05) than those of the control (18.1%) and TC (23.3%) groups. Blastocyst rates in the control and TC groups were not statistically different. Mean cell numbers in blastocysts did not differ significantly among the EG+PG, control, and TC groups (61.6, 59.3, and 53.3, respectively). In conclusion, 35% PG provided a higher oocyte survival rate after vitrification compared with 35% EG. However, presumably due to toxic effects, 35% PG greatly reduced the development competence of oocytes. The combination of 17.5% EG and 17.5% PG yielded higher survival rates than did 35% EG, without any toxic effect on oocytes.
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Menze, Roger, Mary Jo McMullen, Lynn J. White, and James M. Dougherty. "Core Temperature Monitoring of Firefighters During Hazardous Materials Training Sessions." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 11, no. 2 (June 1996): 108–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00042746.
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AbstractObjective:To determine core temperature (Tc) elevations in hazardous materials (HazMat) technicians wearing level-A fully encapsulated, chemically resistive suits (FECRSs) during training scenarios.Design:Cross-sectional, observational feasibility study with Institutional Review Board approval.Setting:HazMat training scenarios held during the summer of 1994. Weather conditions included both rainy and sunny days, with a mean ambient temperature of 75.8°F(24.3°C) (range 69–83° F [20.6–28.3°C).Participants:Nine male firefighters participating in training scenarios in the Midwestern United States.Interventions:Each volunteer swallowed a capsule containing a Tc sensor developed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The capsule continuously monitored Tc and stored data in an ambulatory recorder worn under the level-A FECRS during training.Results:Mean age of the volunteers was 34 years, mean weight was 92.6 kg, and average baseline Tc was 36.7°C (97.1°F) (range 35.3–38.2°C [95.5–100°F]). Time in the FECRS averaged 25.4 minutes (range 14–35 minutes). All subjects demonstrated increased Tc while in the suit; the mean Tc increase was 0.8°C (1.4°F) (range 0.2–1.3°C [0.4–2.3°F]). The Tc continued to increase during wet decontamination procedures and after suit removal. Mean heat storage values (ΔTcx LBMx 3.47 kJ) were calculated, and found to be moderately elevated to 3.6 kJ/kg (range 2.1–4.6 kJ/kg).Conclusion:These observations support the validity and significance of implementing prophylactic measures for firefighters using protective clothing. Simple protective measures include enforced time limitations, hydration, and efforts to minimize heat buildup by avoiding both direct sunlight and unnecessary time encapsulated in the suit.