Bibliographies: 'TCHABAL MBABO'

1

Smith, Thomas Bates, and Duncan Mcniven. "Preliminary survey of the avifauna of Mt Tchabal Mbabo, west-central Cameroon." Bird Conservation International 3, no. 1 (1993): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270900000757.

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SummaryThe montane forests of western Cameroon are well known for their endemic birds. The most northerly such forests probably occur on Mt Tchabal Mbabo, where a preliminary survey of the avifauna in 1990 found 12 montane species, of which six represented significant range extensions, among them the threatened Ploceus bannermani. Given the increasing human pressures on other montane forests in Cameroon, Mt Tchabal Mbabo may be attractive for future conservation because of its comparative lack of human disturbance. Densities of indigenous people are low and there is a lack of significant hunting and firewood-gathering, the precipitous nature of the northern slope makes human intrusions difficult, and the lack of human disturbance may mean that local animal populations are stable.Les forêts d'altitude de l'ouest du Cameroun sont bien connues pour leurs populations endémiques d'oiseaux. Les forêts les plus au nord sont celles du Mont Tchabal Mbabo, où un recensement préliminaire de la faune aviaire en 1990 a révélé 12 espèces, dont six avaient une aire de répartition relativement grande, y compris l'espèce menacée Ploceus bannermani. Etant donné l'accroissement des pressions humaines sur les autres forêts d'altitude au Cameroun, le Mont Tchabal Mbabo pourrait se réveler intéressant pour des programmes de conservation futurs, compte tenu d'une perturbation humaine relativement inexistante. Les densités de population indigène y sont faibles, et la chasse ainsi que le ramassage du bois pour les besoins domestiques ne sont pas significatifs. Les pentes abruptes du nord rendent difficile toute intrusion humaine, et l'absence de perturbations dues à l'homme pourrait signifier la stabilité des populations animales locales.

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Herrmann, Hans-Werner, Andreas Schmitz, Patricia A. Herrmann, and Wolfgang Böhme. "Amphibians and reptiles of the Tchabal Mbabo mountains, Adamaoua plateau, Cameroon." Bonner zoologische Beiträge : Herausgeber: Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn 55 (June 12, 2004): 27–35. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13417990.

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Herrmann, Hans-Werner, Andreas Schmitz, Patricia A. Herrmann, and Wolfgang Böhme. "Amphibians and reptiles of the Tchabal Mbabo mountains, Adamaoua plateau, Cameroon." Bonner zoologische Beiträge : Herausgeber: Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn 55 (June 7, 2004): 27–35. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13417990.

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Herrmann, Hans-Werner, Andreas Schmitz, Patricia A. Herrmann, and Wolfgang Böhme. "Amphibians and reptiles of the Tchabal Mbabo mountains, Adamaoua plateau, Cameroon." Bonner zoologische Beiträge : Herausgeber: Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn 55 (June 19, 2004): 27–35. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13417990.

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Aminatou, Fagny Mefire, Nkouandou Oumarou Faarouk, Temdjim Robert, et al. "New K–AR ages of tchabal mbabo alkaline volcano massif, Cameroon volcanic line and adamawa plateau (central Africa)." International Journal of Advanced Geosciences 4, no. 2 (2016): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijag.v4i2.6516.

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Tchabal Mbabo in Central Africa is a voluminous volcano massif composed of alkali lava series. K-Ar geochronology data obtained from three samples of basanite - trachyandesite composition defined at least two volcanic activities. The first at end Eocene (38.22 ± 0.80 Ma) and the second during Oligocene (28.88 ± 0.61 and 28.60 ± 0.60Ma). The distribution of different ages along the Cameroon Volcanic Line is difficult to council with any migration of magmatic activity, as previously suggested. The most realistic scenario for the formation of Cameroon Line is that the ascent of lavas has been favored by the crustal discontinuities inherited from the Pan-African orogeny and reactivated during Mesozoic and Cenozoic. ICP MS and ICP AES analyses show that basanite lavas are the result of 2 % melting of sub-lithospheric mantle source containing garnet and phlogopite phases; the trachyandesites are formed by fractional crystallization of K-feldspar, amphibole, clinopyroxene and Fe-Ti oxides.

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Gvoždík, Václav, Tadeáš Nečas, Matej Dolinay, Breda M. Zimkus, Andreas Schmitz, and Eric B. Fokam. "Evolutionary history of the Cameroon radiation of puddle frogs (Phrynobatrachidae: Phrynobatrachus), with descriptions of two critically endangered new species from the northern Cameroon Volcanic Line." PeerJ 8 (March 3, 2020): e8393. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8393.

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The Cameroon Volcanic Line, a mountain chain located between West and Central Africa, is a region of numerous endemic diversifications, including of puddle frogs (Phrynobatrachus). This study reviews the phylogeny and taxonomy of puddle frogs of the “Cameroon radiation,” which is a clade containing mainly montane but also at least three lowland species. Molecular data revealed a novel evolutionary lineage from high altitudes in the northern part of the mountains. Puddle frogs from the new, minute-sized (SVL < 20 mm) lineage are identified using molecular, morphological and acoustic data and described as two new species, Phrynobatrachus arcanus sp. nov. (Gotel Mountains, Cameroon–Nigeria) and P. mbabo sp. nov. (Tchabal Mbabo, Cameroon). The tadpole of the first species is also described. Phylogenetic analyses placed the new lineage to the proximity of the recently described lowland small-sized taxa (P. horsti, P. ruthbeateae). Based on the inferred phylogeny, we propose five species groups within the Cameroon radiation: P. arcanus, P. chukuchuku, P. ruthbeateae, P. steindachneri, and P. werneri. The taxonomically enigmatic P. hylaios is proposed to be a member of the P. ruthbeateae species group. The basal radiation evolved during the late Miocene with subsequent diversifications occurring during the Pliocene, while closely related terminal taxa originated during the Pleistocene. We recommend that the newly described species are categorized as Critically Endangered due to their limited ranges and because recent surveys did not identify any individuals at the type localities. This further supports the need for conservation interventions in the mountains of Cameroon and Nigeria.

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Fagny, A. M., O. F. Nkouandou, J. M. Bardintzeff, et al. "Petrology and geochemistry of the Tchabal Mbabo volcano in Cameroon volcanic line (Cameroon, Central Africa): An intra-continental alkaline volcanism." Journal of African Earth Sciences 170 (October 2020): 103832. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2020.103832.

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Lachenaud, Olivier, Vincent Droissart, Steven Dessein, et al. "New records for the flora of Cameroon, including a new species of Psychotria (Rubiaceae) and range extensions for some rare species." Plant Ecology and Evolution 146, no. (1) (2013): 121–33. https://doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2013.632.

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Background – The inventory of Cameroon's flora is far from complete and additional work is needed to document the country's extremely rich flora, and thus enhance its conservation. In this framework, botanical exploration was conducted between 2007 and 2011 in various regions of Cameroon and resulted in the discovery of several new national records and new species. Methods – Normal practices of herbarium taxonomy have been applied. For the endemic or subendemic species, a preliminary IUCN conservation has been proposed using the IUCN criteria. Results – A total of twelve taxa are recorded as new for the flora of Cameroon. Significant range extensions are reported for eight restricted-range species. A new species, Psychotria yaoundensis O. Lachenaud, endemic to Cameroon and only know from two rocky hills in the surroundings of Yaoundé, is described and illustrated. Additions to the flora of Equatorial Guinea (five species), Nigeria, Ivory Coast and the Democratic Republic of Congo (one species each) are also reported. Psychotria moliwensis and Vangueriopsis gossweileri are synonymised under P. fernandopoensis and V. rubiginosa, respectively. Conclusion – Many areas within Cameroon remain botanically poorly explored. Our exploration highlights the importance of the Rumpi Hills, Tchabal Mbabo, and the rocky hills around Yaoundé for plant conservation. Our data will help conservationists in determining areas highly valuable for conservation.

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Janssens, Steven B., Hermann Taedoumg, and Steven Dessein. "Impatiens smetsiana, another example of convergent evolution of flower morphology in Impatiens." Plant Ecology and Evolution 155, no. 2 (2022): 248–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.89701.

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Background and aims – The genus Impatiens is known for its enormous convergent phenotypic adaptation, with similar floral traits having independently evolved in distantly related lineages. The large functional convergence of Impatiens flowers causes a high degree of homoplasy for several phenotypic characters resulting in increased difficulties to distinguish between species with a similar morphology that are only distantly related, however. As a result, some species remain under the radar, as they are confused with other well-known species. This was the case for a new Impatiens species from the Tchabal Mbabo Mountains in Cameroon – Impatiens smetsiana – that was initially mistaken for the morphologically similar species I. erecticornis, an endemic from Central East Africa. Material and methods – A combined molecular-morphological approach was applied in which phylogenetics (ITS, ImpDEF1, and ImpDEF2), biogeography, and age estimation analyses were combined with morphological data on floral and vegetative structures. Key results – In this study, we demonstrate the close affinity of the newly collected material with a group of Equatorial West African species, including I. filicornu, I. nzabiana, I. oumina, and I. kamerunensis. The present finding represents a clear case of convergent evolution in which two distantly related taxa independently converged on practically the same flower morphology. Conclusion – Within Impatiens, several examples of floral homoplasy have been observed yet not in such a clear way. The convergent evolution of the flowers of I. smetsiana and I. erecticornis is undoubtedly closely correlated with an adaptation to a similar pollination syndrome.

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Janssens, Steven B., Hermann Taedoumg, and Steven Dessein. "Impatiens smetsiana, another example of convergent evolution of flower morphology in Impatiens." Plant Ecology and Evolution 155, no. (2) (2022): 248–60. https://doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.89701.

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Abstract:

Background and aims – The genus Impatiens is known for its enormous convergent phenotypic adaptation, with similar floral traits having independently evolved in distantly related lineages. The large functional convergence of Impatiens flowers causes a high degree of homoplasy for several phenotypic characters resulting in increased difficulties to distinguish between species with a similar morphology that are only distantly related, however. As a result, some species remain under the radar, as they are confused with other well-known species. This was the case for a new Impatiens species from the Tchabal Mbabo Mountains in Cameroon – Impatiens smetsiana – that was initially mistaken for the morphologically similar species I. erecticornis, an endemic from Central East Africa. Material and methods – A combined molecular-morphological approach was applied in which phylogenetics (ITS, ImpDEF1, and ImpDEF2), biogeography, and age estimation analyses were combined with morphological data on floral and vegetative structures. Key results – In this study, we demonstrate the close affinity of the newly collected material with a group of Equatorial West African species, including I. filicornu, I. nzabiana, I. oumina, and I. kamerunensis. The present finding represents a clear case of convergent evolution in which two distantly related taxa independently converged on practically the same flower morphology. Conclusion – Within Impatiens, several examples of floral homoplasy have been observed yet not in such a clear way. The convergent evolution of the flowers of I. smetsiana and I. erecticornis is undoubtedly closely correlated with an adaptation to a similar pollination syndrome.

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