Journal articles: 'TCP congestion control for hybrid wireless'

1

Chen, Yating, Lingyun Lu, Xiaohan Yu, and Xiang Li. "Adaptive Method for Packet Loss Types in IoT: An Naive Bayes Distinguisher." Electronics 8, no. 2 (January 28, 2019): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8020134.

Full text

Abstract:

With the rapid development of IoT (Internet of Things), massive data is delivered through trillions of interconnected smart devices. The heterogeneous networks trigger frequently the congestion and influence indirectly the application of IoT. The traditional TCP will highly possible to be reformed supporting the IoT. In this paper, we find the different characteristics of packet loss in hybrid wireless and wired channels, and develop a novel congestion control called NB-TCP (Naive Bayesian) in IoT. NB-TCP constructs a Naive Bayesian distinguisher model, which can capture the packet loss state and effectively classify the packet loss types from the wireless or the wired. More importantly, it cannot cause too much load on the network, but has fast classification speed, high accuracy and stability. Simulation results using NS2 show that NB-TCP achieves up to 0.95 classification accuracy and achieves good throughput, fairness and friendliness in the hybrid network.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Chumchu, Prawit, Roksana Boreli, and Aruna Seneviratne. "A Model-based Scalable Reliable Multicast Transport Protocol for Satellite Networks." Journal of Communications Software and Systems 1, no. 1 (April 6, 2017): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24138/jcomss.v1i1.313.

Full text

Abstract:

In this paper, we design a new scalable reliable multicast transport protocol for satellite networks (RMT). This paper is the extensions of paper in [18]. The proposed protocoldoes not require inspection and/or interception of packets at intermediate nodes. The protocol would not require anymodification of satellites, which could be bent-pipe satellites or onboard processing satellites. The proposed protocol is divided in 2 parts: error control part and congestion control part. In error control part, we intend to solve feedback implosion and improve scalability by using a new hybrid of ARQ (Auto Repeat Request) and adaptive forward error correction (AFEC). The AFEC algorithm adapts proactive redundancy levels following the number of receivers and average packet loss rate. This leads to a number of transmissions and the number of feedback signals are virtually independent of the number of receivers. Therefore, wireless link utilization used by the proposed protocol is virtually independent of the number of multicast receivers. In congestion control part, the proposed protocol employs a new window-based congestion control scheme, which is optimized for satellite networks. To be fair to the other traffics, the congestion control mimics congestion control in the wellknown Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) which relies on “packet conservation” principle. To reduce feedback implosion, only a few receivers, ACKers, are selected to report the receiving status. In addition, in order to avoid “drop-to-zero” problem, we use a new simple wireless loss filter algorithm. This loss filter algorithm significantly reduces the probability of the congestion window size to be unnecessarily reduced because of common wireless losses. Furthermore, to improve achievable throughput, we employ slow start threshold adaptation based on estimated bandwidth. The congestion control also deals with variations in network conditions by dynamically electing ACKers.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Mudassir, Mumajjed Ul, and M. Iram Baig. "MFVL HCCA: A Modified Fast-Vegas-LIA Hybrid Congestion Control Algorithm for MPTCP Traffic Flows in Multihomed Smart Gas IoT Networks." Electronics 10, no. 6 (March 18, 2021): 711. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10060711.

Full text

Abstract:

Multihomed smart gas meters are Internet of Things (IoT) devices that transmit information wirelessly to a cloud or remote database via multiple network paths. The information is utilized by the smart gas grid for accurate load forecasting and several other important tasks. With the rapid growth in such smart IoT networks and data rates, reliable transport layer protocols with efficient congestion control algorithms are required. The small Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) stacks designed for IoT devices still lack efficient congestion control schemes. Multipath transmission control protocol (MPTCP) based congestion control algorithms are among the recent research topics. Many coupled and uncoupled congestion control algorithms have been proposed by researchers. The default congestion control algorithm for MPTCP is coupled congestion control by using the linked-increases algorithm (LIA). In battery powered smart meters, packet retransmissions consume extra power and low goodput results in poor system performance. In this study, we propose a modified Fast-Vegas-LIA hybrid congestion control algorithm (MFVL HCCA) for MPTCP by considering the requirements of a smart gas grid. Our novel algorithm operates in uncoupled congestion control mode as long as there is no shared bottleneck and switches to coupled congestion control mode otherwise. We have presented the details of our proposed model and compared the simulation results with the default coupled congestion control for MPTCP. Our proposed algorithm in uncoupled mode shows a decrease in packet loss up to 50% and increase in average goodput up to 30%.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Ahuja, Sanjay P., and W. Russell Shore. "Wireless Transport Layer Congestion Control Evaluation." International Journal of Wireless Networks and Broadband Technologies 1, no. 3 (July 2011): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijwnbt.2011070105.

Full text

Abstract:

The performance of transport layer protocols can be affected differently due to wireless congestion, as opposed to network congestion. Using an active network evaluation strategy in a real world test-bed experiment, the Transport Control Protocol (TCP), Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP), and Stream Control Transport Protocol (SCTP) were evaluated to determine their effectiveness in terms of throughput, fairness, and smoothness. Though TCP’s fairness was shown to suffer in wireless congestion, the results showed that it still outperforms the alternative protocols in both wireless congestion, and network congestion. In terms of smoothness, the TCP-like congestion control algorithm of DCCP did outperform TCP in wireless congestion, but at the expense of throughput and ensuing fairness. SCTP’s congestion control algorithm was also found to provide better smoothness in wireless congestion. In fact, it provided smoother throughput performance than in the network congestion.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Wang, Jingyuan, Yunjing Jiang, Yuanxin Ouyang, Chao Li, Zhang Xiong, and Junxia Cai. "TCP congestion control for wireless datacenters." IEICE Electronics Express 10, no. 12 (2013): 20130349. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/elex.10.20130349.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Sankara Malliga, G., T. Meeradevi, M. Umaparvathi, B. Parvathavartini, S. Thayammal, and P. Sriramya. "Improved TCP Congestion Control Mechanism for Multihop Wireless Networks." Applied Mechanics and Materials 591 (July 2014): 189–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.591.189.

Full text

Abstract:

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is working well in wired networks. TCP needs modification to work well in wireless networks. This work analyses the performance of the proposed two TCP cross layer flavours, namely the TCP-AL and TCP-WPAL. The cross layer interaction (TCP-WPAL) produces better performance than the TCP-AL. The PDR (Packet Delivery Ratio) of the TCP-WPAL is increased, and the delay and jitter of the TCP-WPAL are decreased in multihop wireless networks. Keywords: TCP, Wireless networks, TCP-AL and TCP-WPAL

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Yuan, Cao, and Ya Qin Li. "A New Delay-Based Congestion Control for Ad-Hoc Wireless Network." Applied Mechanics and Materials 160 (March 2012): 223–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.160.223.

Full text

Abstract:

The traditional congestion control mechanism of transport control protocol (TCP) has been proved cannot satisfy the wireless scenario. The extensive research has been done to understand the drawback of TCP in wireless networks. In this paper, we proposed a new congestion control algorithms for mobile ad-hoc networks (MANET) at the TCP sender side which efficiently adapts to the maximum transmission rate of a mobile wireless link, the new algorithms follow the idea of FAST TCP which uses delay as congestion measure. However, FAST TCP has limitations when used over a dynamic mobile wireless link with a high frame error ratio (FER) and frequent delay changes due to the variable rate. The new algorithms overcome this shortcoming by improving the congestion signal choice. By using analysis, we proved that the new congestion control mechanism provides superior performance over mobile wireless network environments.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Barreto, Luis. "TCP-AP Enhanced Behaviour With rt-Winf And Node Count: boosted-TCP-AP." Network Protocols and Algorithms 7, no. 2 (August 2, 2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/npa.v7i2.7677.

Full text

Abstract:

Congestion control in wireless networks is strongly dependent on the dynamics and instability of wireless links. Therefore, it is very difficult to accurately evaluate the characteristics of the wireless links. It is known that TCP experiences serious performance degradation problems in wireless networks. New congestion control mechanisms, such as TCP-AP, do not evaluate accurately the capacity and available link bandwidth in wireless networks. In this paper we propose new congestion control protocol for wireless networks, based in TCP-AP. We name the protocol boosted-TCP-AP. It relies on the MAC layer information gathered by a new method to accurately estimate the available bandwidth and the path capacity over a wireless network path (rt-Winf), and also takes into consideration the node path count. The new congestion control mechanism is evaluated in different scenarios in wireless mesh and ad-hoc networks, and compared against several new approaches for wireless congestion control. It is shown that boosted-TCP-AP outperforms the base TCP-AP, showing its stable behavior and better channel utilization.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Sharma, Neeraj, Manish Mann, and Ravinder Thakur. "TCP Congestion Control in Wired cum Wireless Networks." International Journal of Computer Applications 88, no. 5 (February 14, 2014): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/15352-3695.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

El-Ocla, Hosam. "TCP CERL: congestion control enhancement over wireless networks." Wireless Networks 16, no. 1 (June 24, 2008): 183–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11276-008-0123-4.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Jiang, Yi Feng, Yu Sun, and Lin Na Hu. "Research on the Improvement of Wireless Network TCP Integrated Mobile IP." Applied Mechanics and Materials 29-32 (August 2010): 824–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.29-32.824.

Full text

Abstract:

TCP is the most widely used protocol in internet which provides the reliable end to end data communications for users, and the TCP congestion control is one of the key technology that ensures the internet normal functions. However, TCP was designed on the terms of wire network at first, in which congestion was the only reason for division lost and accordingly TCP control was made. In the wireless network there are many error codes, the transfer mistakes easily make division lost and the network congestion is not the only reason for data lost any more, so if we continue to use the traditional TCP control, the transfer speed and the network function will be down. This paper offers a DS-TCP solution based on mobile algorithm that can efficiently reduce the data packet lost in the wireless network, increase the TCP throughput and network utilization and improve the TCP functions in the mobile IP wireless network.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Taruk, Medi. "Evaluasi Kinerja Varian Algoritma Congestion Control Pada Teknologi LTE (Long Term Evolution)." Informatika Mulawarman : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Komputer 13, no. 2 (February 11, 2019): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/jim.v13i2.1338.

Full text

Abstract:

Jaringan LTE mengimplementasi permasalahan Quality of Service (QoS) pada radio (nirkabel) dan jaringan transport, namun di sisi lain tidak mengadaptasi mekanisme flow control. Hal itu menyebabkan terdapatnya kemungkinan paket yang akan hilang ketika terjadi congestion (kemacetan) di setiap node. Setiap varian algoritma congestion control memiliki mekanisme kerja masing-masing untuk mengatasi permasalahan ketika terjadi congestion. Pada implementasinya, kinerja TCP tidaklah begitu optimal terutama pada kondisi jaringan wireless, dimana pengaruh bit error rate juga sangat mempengaruhi kinerja TCP tersebut, namun untuk perkembangan kinerja TCP lebih jauh, pada penelitian ini akan dibandingkan diantara varian algoritma congestion control pada protokol TCP yang diujikan pada simulasi, sehingga dapat dilihat perbandingan kinerja varian algoritma congestion control tersebut pada jaringan LTE.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Firnanda, Ary, Teuku Yuliar Arif, and Syahrial Syahrial. "Analisis TCP Cubic dan Simulasi untuk Menentukan Parameter Congestion Window dan Throughput Optimal pada Jaringan Nirkabel Ad Hoc." Jurnal Rekayasa Elektrika 13, no. 2 (August 23, 2017): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17529/jre.v13i2.4874.

Full text

Abstract:

Ad hoc wireless network performance often declines caused the onset of congestion on the process of sending data. TCP Congestion Control used to solve these problems. TCP Cubic is one variant TCP Congestion Control. This research was conducted with the test and compare between variable value b=0.2 with the value of the variable b to be used in ad hoc wireless networks. This research was conducted with the experimental method using network simulation software NS-3. The results showed that the value of variable b is the right on ad hoc wireless network with packet loss by 5% to generate optimal congestion window max is b=0.5 and the average throughput optimal is b=0.1

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Istikmal, Istikmal, Adit Kurniawan, and Hendrawan Hendrawan. "Joint Routing and Congestion Control in Multipath Channel based on Signal to Noise Ratio with Cross Layer Scheme." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, no. 4 (August 1, 2018): 2207. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i4.pp2207-2219.

Full text

Abstract:

Routing protocol and congestion control in Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) have important roles in wireless mobile network performance. In wireless communication, the stability of the path and successful data transmission will be influenced by the channel condition. This channel condition constraints come from path loss and the multipath channel fading. With these constraints, the algorithm in the routing protocol and congestion control is confronted with the uncertainty of connection quality and probability of successful packet transmission, respectively. It is important to investigate the reliability and robustness of routing protocol and congestion control algorithms in dealing with such situation. In this paper, we develop a detailed approach and analytical throughput performance with a cross layer scheme (CLS) between routing and congestion control mechanism based on signal to noise ratio (SNR) in Rician and Rayleigh as multipath fading channel. We proposed joint routing and congestion control TCP with a cross layer scheme model based on SNR (RTCP-SNR). We compare the performance of RTCP-SNR with conventional routing-TCP and routing-TCP that used CLS with routing aware (RTCP-RA) model. The analyses and the simulation results showed that RTCP-SNR in a multipath channel outperforms conventional routing-TCP and RTCP-RA.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Vyomal N, Pandya, P. Rahul Reddy, and Abhishek Choubey. "Bandwidth Estimation Algorithm of WestwoodNR for Wireless Network." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.16 (April 12, 2018): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.16.11521.

Full text

Abstract:

Two widely known parameters of Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) used to control the flow of packets are Congestion Window (cwnd) & Slow Start Threshold (ssthresh). After congestion, slow start phase or fast-retransmit phase come in action wherein TCP has an important role in the reduction of these parameters. This is in response to packet loss identified by TCP. This in turn will cause unnecessary reduction of data flow & degradation of TCP throughput. Researchers have developed some algorithms to come out of this problem, WestwoodNR is one of them. WestwoodNR is using Bandwidth Estimation algorithm to estimate available bandwidth, to make effective use of available network capacity even after the congestion episode. It allows higher values of ssthresh & cwnd when it enters the fast-retransmit phase and slow start phase. In turn this algorithm claims better performance in terms of bandwidth utilization. The focus of this paper is on error recovery mechanisms suitable for WestwoodNR operating over the wireless sub path. These mechanisms have to address the increased bit error probability and temporary disruptions of wireless links. The efficiency of WestwoodNR within wireless scenarios is investigated and possible modifications that lead to higher performance are pointed out.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

LI, Peng, Yuan-yan CHEN, and Xiao-shu LUO. "TCP Vegas-P: Enhanced TCP Vegas congestion control algorithm based on congestion status differentiation over wireless heterogeneous network." Journal of Computer Applications 30, no. 2 (March 18, 2010): 309–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1087.2010.00309.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Reddy, Ch Pradeep, and P. Venkata Krishna. "Cross Layer Based Congestion Control in Wireless Mesh Networks." Cybernetics and Information Technologies 14, no. 2 (July 15, 2014): 65–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cait-2014-0020.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract A major issue that attracts the researchers in wireless mesh networks is the issue of performance of the TCP. The role of the congestion control techniques is pivotal in the development of optimal solutions. In wireless mesh networks, the efficiency of bandwidth management in the process of developing optimal solutions depends largely on the congestion control methods used. This paper explores the possibility of such mechanisms which can achieve efficient congestion control in wireless mesh networks. The method proposed is known as Cross Layer Congestion Control (CLCC) and it is developed on the basis of the concept of cross layer optimization. The main purpose of the paper is to provide an efficient bandwidth management scheme for high speed video applications through a congestion control mechanism. The performance evaluation of the proposed method of CLCC for different environments of traffic models, such as single source to single destination and multiple sources to multiple destinations, are appropriate when compared to the existing models.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Salman, Salman, Jafaruddin Gusti Amri Ginting, and Reni Dyah Wahyuningrum. "Analisis Unjuk Kerja TCP Window Size 64k Menggunakan Algoritma TCP New Reno pada Jaringan Wired dan Wireless." RESISTOR (Elektronika Kendali Telekomunikasi Tenaga Listrik Komputer) 4, no. 1 (May 22, 2021): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24853/resistor.4.1.55-68.

Full text

Abstract:

Kemacetan jaringan merupakan masalah serius di jaringan internet yang dapat menimbulkan peningkatan jumlah packet loss. Kemacetan juga dapat menjadi beban jaringan sehingga dapat memperlambat koneksi jika tidak ditangani dengan baik, bahkan dapat menyebabkan kelumpuhan dalam jaringan . Transport Control Protocol (TCP) menyediakan mekanisme transfer data yang dapat diandalkan (reliable), sehingga aliran data yang dibaca TCP receiver tidak rusak, tanpa duplikasi, dan berurutan. Pada penelitian ini, penulis menguji kualitas pengiriman data Transport Control Protocol (TCP) Window Size 64K menggunakan Algoritma TCP New Reno pada jaringan kabel Fast Ethernet dan Wireless 802.11n. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengatasi kemacetan pada jaringan wired dan wireless dengan menggunakan TCP Window Size 64K dan Algoritma TCP New Reno dan membandingkan hasil dari parameter Quality of Service (QoS) yang akan diuji diantaranya adalah throughput, delay, jitter, dan packet loss. Proses simulasi penelitian ini menggunakan Software Riverbed sebagai simulator untuk merancang dan mencari nilai parameter Quality of Service (QoS) pada jaringan wired dan wireless tersebut. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa throughput dan delay yang dihasilkan pada jaringan Wireless 802.11n memiliki performa yang lebih baik daripada Wired Fast Ethernet dengan nilai throughput 13050,6 bit/sec dan nilai delay 0,000253344 sec. Adapun jaringan Wired Fast Ethernet memiliki performa jitter dan packet loss yang lebih baik daripada Wireless 802.11n dengan nilai jitter 0,0000000000003 sec dan nilai packet loss 0%.Kata Kunci: Kabel Fast Ethernet, Wireless 802.11n, TCP Window Size 64K, TCP New Reno, Quality of Service (QoS). Congestion Network congestion is a serious problem in internet networks that can cause an increase in the number of packet loss. Congestion can also become a burden on the network so that it can slow down the connection if not handled properly, and can even cause paralysis in the network. The Transport Control Protocol (TCP) provides a reliable data transfer mechanism, so that the data streams that are read by the TCP receiver are not damaged, without duplication, and sequential. In this study, the authors simulated using TCP Window Size 64K with the New Reno TCP Algorithm on Wired Fast Ethernet and Wireless 802.11n. This study conducted a simulation to solve congestion on wired and wireless networks and then compared the results of the Quality of Service (QoS) parameters tested, including throughput, delay, jitter, and packet loss. The simulation process of this research uses Riverbed Software as a simulator to design and find the QoS parameter values on the wired and wireless networks. The results of this study indicate that the resulting throughput and delay on the Wireless 802.11n network has better performance than Wired Fast Ethernet with a throughput value of 13050.6 bits / sec and a delay value of 0.000253344 sec. The Wired Fast Ethernet network has better jitter and packet loss performance than Wireless 802.11n with a jitter value of 0.0000000000003 sec and a packet loss value of 0%.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Tsiknas, Konstantinos, and George Stamatelos. "Comparative Performance Evaluation of TCP Variants in WiMAX (and WLANs) Network Configurations." Journal of Computer Networks and Communications 2012 (2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/806272.

Full text

Abstract:

An important application for the IEEE 802.16 technology (also called WiMAX) is to provide high-speed access to the Internet where the transmission control protocol (TCP) is the core transport protocol. In this paper we study through extensive simulation scenarios the performance characteristics of five representative TCP schemes, namely, TCP New Reno, Vegas, Veno, Westwood, and BIC, in WiMAX (and WLANs) networks, under the conditions of correlated wireless errors, asymmetric end-to-end capabilities, and link congestion. The target is to evaluate how the above conditions would affect the TCP congestion control and suggest the best schemes to be employed in WiMAX networks.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Wang, Hui, Junyong Tang, and Bo Hong. "Research of Wireless Congestion Control Algorithm Based on EKF." Symmetry 12, no. 4 (April 17, 2020): 646. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12040646.

Full text

Abstract:

The random variation of bandwidth in wireless networks causes some significant challenges to the congestion control protocols based on bandwidth estimation. In this paper, a wireless congestion control scheme based on extended Kalman filtering and bandwidth (CSEKB) is proposed. The CSEKB can effectively perceive the bandwidth oscillation of wireless networks and distinguish the type of packet loss by establishing a noise perception factor. According to the congestion factor, the congestion control parameters are adjusted to correspondingly improve the performance of the wireless network. Moreover, the variation trend of the size of the congestion window presents a law of similar normal distribution curve, which has a certain degree of local symmetry. The CSEKB was implemented in Network simulator 3 (NS3) and compared with TCP Westwood (TCPW), CUBIC, and extended Kalman filtering-based bandwidth estimation (EBE). Through extensive simulation studies, the proposed CSEKB demonstrated the significant performance in wireless networks. First, the CSEKB can achieve congestion control based on the accurate prediction of available bandwidth, and improve average throughput and link utilization. In addition, the CSEKB has good fairness and friendliness compared with several other well-known congestion control methods.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Elmannai, Wafa, Abdul Razaque, and Khaled Elleithy. "Deployment of TCP University of Bridgeport (UB) to Control Law Enforcement Department over Wireless Mesh Network." Journal of Communications and Computer Engineering 3, no. 1 (December 10, 2012): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.20454/jcce.2013.427.

Full text

Abstract:

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is the most reliable protocol. That was previously introduced for wired networks only. Lately the TCP started to act poorly for several factors due to the advent of wireless network. The represented factors which need to be addressed are recovery mechanism, backup mechanism, mobility, congestion window and maximum packet size. Based on existing variants, new were introduced. The most two debated variants are Vegas and Westwood which motivated many researches. However, the number of studies proved that Vegas could perform more efficiency than other variants during the congested network whereas Westwood could consume less bandwidth. Hence, in our previous publications, we already proved by integrating some features of Vegas and Westwood to get better and more stable variant even in high congested network. It is called TCP University of Bridgeport (TCP-UB).Based on a previous simulation, TCP-UB proved a high efficiency, less bandwidth consumption and stability from static and mobility point of view. Therefore, in this paper we are using NS2 simulator to perform TCP-UB over wireless mesh network supported with manhattan mobility model. It provides robust and faster transmission service among several police stations in Connecticut, USA.Furthermore, we are comparing TCP-UB with Vegas and Westwood from a static and mobility point of view based on bandwidth consumption and congestion window scenario. On the basis of findings, we validate that TCP-UB is also better performer even over wireless mesh network.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Utsumi, Satoshi, and Salahuddin Muhammad Salim Zabir. "A new high-performance TCP friendly congestion control over wireless networks." Journal of Network and Computer Applications 41 (May 2014): 369–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnca.2014.02.003.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Zhang, Chen, Yuanzhu Chen, and Cheng Li. "TCP adaptation with network coding and opportunistic data forwarding in multi-hop wireless networks." PeerJ Computer Science 2 (October 3, 2016): e89. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.89.

Full text

Abstract:

Opportunistic data forwarding significantly increases the throughput in multi-hop wireless mesh networks by utilizing the broadcast nature of wireless transmissions and the fluctuation of link qualities. Network coding strengthens the robustness of data transmissions over unreliable wireless links. However, opportunistic data forwarding and network coding are rarely incorporated with TCP because the frequent occurrences of out-of-order packets in opportunistic data forwarding and long decoding delay in network coding overthrow TCP’s congestion control. In this paper, we propose a solution dubbed TCPFender, which supports opportunistic data forwarding and network coding in TCP. Our solution adds an adaptation layer to mask the packet loss caused by wireless link errors and provides early positive feedbacks to trigger a larger congestion window for TCP. This adaptation layer functions over the network layer and reduces the delay of ACKs for each coded packet. The simulation results show that TCPFender significantly outperforms TCP/IP in terms of the network throughput in different topologies of wireless networks.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

TESHIMA, Fumiya, Hiroyasu OBATA, Ryo HAMAMOTO, and Kenji ISHIDA. "TCP-TFEC: TCP Congestion Control based on Redundancy Setting Method for FEC over Wireless LAN." IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems E100.D, no. 12 (2017): 2818–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transinf.2017pap0017.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Olmedo, Gonzalo, Román Lara-Cueva, Diego Martínez, and Celso de Almeida. "Performance Analysis of a Novel TCP Protocol Algorithm Adapted to Wireless Networks." Future Internet 12, no. 6 (June 9, 2020): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi12060101.

Full text

Abstract:

As telecommunication systems evolve towards new-generation architectures, likewise, new protocols are created in order to improve efficiency. One of these protocols is Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), which controls the transmission bit rate in function of network congestion. Nevertheless, in wireless communications, there appear problems such as noise and interference, for which TCP was not designed. Based on these problems, there exist some methods trying to mitigate congestion, such as explicit loss notifications and the use of end-to-end codification. The aim of this work was to propose a wireless TCP protocol improvement, considering a negative acknowledgment (NACK), which allows to differentiate between losses due to congestion and losses due to wireless channel issues. NACK employs a small protocol packet and produces improvement in the quality of service metrics. The experiments were carried out in in-door and out-door environments, over an online video game scenario, and over a long-distance wireless link between two islands. The average results show a 25-percent delay improvement and a 5-percent jitter improvement when compared to the original TCP Reno protocol, while for throughput a 90-percent improvement was achieved for distances between 100 and 414 m.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Barreto, Luís. "XCP-Winf and RCP-Winf: Improving Explicit Wireless Congestion Control." Journal of Computer Networks and Communications 2015 (2015): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/925207.

Full text

Abstract:

Congestion control in wireless networks is strongly dependent on the dynamics and instability of wireless links. Therefore, it is very difficult to accurately evaluate the characteristics of the wireless links. It is known that TCP experiences serious performance degradation problems in wireless networks. Moreover, congestion control mechanisms that rely on network interaction and network parameters, such as XCP and RCP, do not evaluate accurately the capacity and available link bandwidth in wireless networks. In this paper we propose new explicit flow control protocols for wireless mesh networks, based on XCP and RCP. We name these protocols XCP-Winf and RCP-Winf. They rely on the MAC layer information gathered by a new method to accurately estimate the available bandwidth and the path capacity over a wireless network path. The estimation is performed in real time and without the need to intrusively inject packets in the network. These new congestion control mechanisms are evaluated in different scenarios in wireless mesh and ad hoc networks and compared against several new approaches for wireless congestion control. It is shown that both XCP-Winf and RCP-Winf outperform the evaluated approaches, showing its stable behavior and better channel utilization.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Ding, Dawei, Chun Wang, Lianghui Ding, Nian Wang, and Dong Liang. "Hopf Bifurcation Control in a FAST TCP and RED Model via Multiple Control Schemes." Journal of Control Science and Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8342652.

Full text

Abstract:

We focus on the Hopf bifurcation control problem of a FAST TCP model with RED gateway. The system gain parameter is chosen as the bifurcation parameter, and the stable region and stability condition of the congestion control model are given by use of the linear stability analysis. When the system gain passes through a critical value, the system loses the stability and Hopf bifurcation occurs. Considering the negative influence caused by Hopf bifurcation, we apply state feedback controller, hybrid controller, and time-delay feedback controller to postpone the onset of undesirable Hopf bifurcation. Numerical simulations show that the hybrid controller is the most sensitive method to delay the Hopf bifurcation with identical parameter conditions. However, nonlinear state feedback control and time-delay feedback control schemes have larger control parameter range in the Internet congestion control system with FAST TCP and RED gateway. Therefore, we can choose proper control method based on practical situation including unknown conditions or parameter requirements. This paper plays an important role in setting guiding system parameters for controlling the FAST TCP and RED model.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Wang, Ming Kun, and Wei Zhang. "Improving Westwood over Bandwidth Instability." Advanced Materials Research 926-930 (May 2014): 1947–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.926-930.1947.

Full text

Abstract:

The design of TCP/IP is the key of the success of Internet. Due to the network considered as a “black box”, the congestion control algorithm becomes the most important part of TCP. TCP Westwood provides an eligible rate estimation algorithm that improves upon the performance of TCP Reno in wired as well as wireless networks. The improvement is most significant in wireless networks with lossy links. In mobile communication, due to the node mobility, the bandwidth shifting requires higher demands to QoS. In mobile networks with high bandwidth, such as 3G/LTE, the bandwidth will shift rapidly in different positions. We call this bandwidth instability, which is the cause of the degradation of performance. However, Westwood TCP or the other popular TCP cannot response quickly to this situation. In this paper, we verify the problem mentioned above of varied TCP protocols. After that, we propose an improved fast recovery mechanism based on Westwood TCP. The new mechanism can adjust the congestion window in time when the bandwidth shifts.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Lai, Cheng Yu, and Xiao Guang Fu. "Research of Hybrid Congestion Control Mechanism." Advanced Materials Research 426 (January 2012): 275–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.426.275.

Full text

Abstract:

In wireless sensor networks, congestion causes overall channel quality to degrade and loss rates to raise, leads to buffer drops and increased delays, and tends to be grossly unfair toward nodes whose data has to traverse a larger number of radio hops. Hybrid congestion control mechanisms relieve the congestion by creating the new path; when establishment of a new path is failed, fairness aggregate mechanisms limits forward rate, ensures that each source node sends data fairly. Based on energy-saving, algorithms for mild congestion have been improved.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Islam, Syful, Ratnadip Kuri, Md Humayun Kabir, and Md Javed Hossain. "Exploring Congestion Control Mechanism of TCP Variants over Wired & Wireless Networks." International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research 9, no. 9 (September 25, 2018): 183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.14299/ijser.2018.09.04.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Lee, H. J., H. J. Byun, and J. T. Lim. "TCP-friendly congestion control for streaming real-time applications over wireless networks." IET Communications 2, no. 1 (2008): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-com:20070284.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Minakhmetov, Artur, Cédric Ware, and Luigi Iannone. "TCP Congestion Control in Datacenter Optical Packet Networks on Hybrid Switches." Journal of Optical Communications and Networking 10, no. 7 (June 1, 2018): B71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/jocn.10.000b71.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Al-Saadi, Rasool, Grenville Armitage, Jason But, and Philip Branch. "A Survey of Delay-Based and Hybrid TCP Congestion Control Algorithms." IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials 21, no. 4 (2019): 3609–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/comst.2019.2904994.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Chitra, P., and M. Chandrasekaran. "Novel Energy-Efficient Congestion Control Protocol in Wireless Networks Using Evolutionary Game Paradigm." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 14, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 460–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2017.6346.

Full text

Abstract:

In recent years, Wireless Network technology was designed for short distance communications like ZigBee, Bluetooth and Infrared Transmission. Congestion degrades the performance of the wireless network and also reduces the battery life of a mobile node. Congestion control is very much essential in the transport layer to prevent performance degradation in a wireless network. Congestion control mechanism restricts the packet transmission rate with respect to the shared network resources. In this work, we designed a novel Energy-Efficient Congestion Control Protocol using Evolutionary Game model (EECCP-EG) for reducing congestion in wireless network. The main objective of the EECCP-EG is stability analysis with different strategy spaces in a network in which losing strategies are eliminated and winning strategies are remain for stability. The proposed EECCP-EG uses symmetric hawk-dove game to access the shared network recourse for preventing congestion in wireless network. In this, Evolutionary Stable Strategies (ESS) is used to change their strategies dynamically based on fitness value of winning resources and achieves equilibrium. The increase or decrease in the rate of data transmission defines the aggressiveness of the symmetric hawk-dove game. The transmission control protocols (TCP) with an additive-increase multiplicative-decrease mechanism control the aggressiveness of the protocol. Simulation results show that the proposed EECCP-EG scheme could significantly minimize the network traffic and there by reduce the congestion in the networks.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Oudah, Manal Kadhim, Mohammed Qasim Sulttan, and Salam Waley Shneen. "Fuzzy type 1 PID controllers design for TCP/AQM wireless networks." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 21, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v21.i1.pp118-127.

Full text

Abstract:

The search of FLC_PID controller for TCP/AQM Wireless Networks, to deal with congestion for Internet users and to get good performance and capabilities of TCP / IP networks. Neglect of controlling the network delay and the number of continuous users that leads to a problem in the transmission process. Recently, automatic control units are adapted to solve this problem with the difficulty of controlling congestion in the presence of wireless links. This modest research presents one of the traditional PID controller methods with fuzzy logic so that wireless networks and congestion can be controlled by various configurations. The proposed methods were simulated with the required comparisons in the adoption of nonlinear systems to determine the best performance and it was found that the use of the Fuzzy logic control can achieve the best performance (reducing the delay time of delivering packets and packets loss). The simulation of the current work shows through its results the possibility of controlling the behavior of the system and through testing the balance when changed with time delay through the impact of communication time and its relationship with the stability of the work of the system.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Bhavadharini, R. M., S. Karthik, N. Karthikeyan, and Anand Paul. "Wireless Networking Performance in IoT Using Adaptive Contention Window." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2018 (July 3, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7248040.

Full text

Abstract:

Internet of Things (IoT) network contains heterogeneous resource-constrained computing devices which has its unique reputation in IoT environments. In spite of its distinctiveness, the network performance deteriorates by the distributed contention of the nodes for the shared wireless medium in IoT. In IoT network, the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer contention impacts the level of congestion at the transport layer. Further, the increasing node contention at the MAC layer increases link layer frame drops resulting in timeouts at the transport layer segments and the performance of TCP degrades. In addition to that, the expiration of maximum retransmission attempts and the high contentions drive the MAC retransmissions and the associated overheads to reduce the link level throughput and the packet delivery ratio. In order to deal with aforementioned problems, the Adaptive Contention Window (ACW) is proposed, which aims to reduce the MAC overhead and retransmissions by determining active queue size at the contending nodes and the energy level of the nodes to improve TCP performance. Further, the MAC contention window is adjusted according to the node’s active queue size and the residual energy and TCP congestion window is dynamically adjusted based on the MAC contention window. Hence, by adjusting the MAC Adaptive Contention Window, the proposed model effectively distributes the access to medium and assures improved network throughput. Finally, the simulation study implemented through ns-2 is compared with an existing methodology such as Cross-Layer Congestion Control and dynamic window adaptation (CC-BADWA); the proposed model enhances the network throughput with the minimal collisions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Verma, Rajesh, Arun Prakash, Rajeev Tripathi, and Neeraj Tyagi. "Improving Throughput of Starved TCP Flow by Sidestepping Bottleneck Nodes Using Concurrent Transmission." International Journal of Mobile Computing and Multimedia Communications 2, no. 1 (January 2010): 68–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jmcmc.2010103004.

Full text

Abstract:

The TCP congestion control mechanism along with unfairness problem poses poor performance when IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol is used in multi-hop ad hoc networks because the traditional TCP has poor interaction with the IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol. Because of the greedy nature of TCP, starvation problem of TCP flows with longer paths is severe. In this paper, we first illustrate that the fairness, congestion control and medium contention are closely coupled issues and the spatial reuse of the channel can improve the performance of wireless ad hoc network. By using concurrent transmission protocol at the MAC layer, like CTMAC, in multi-hop networks we can achieve simultaneous transmissions within the interference regions. Further, we illustrate with extensive simulations in ns-2 that by scheduling multiple concurrent transmissions along the path links, the starvation problem due to greedy nature of TCP can be eliminated and ensuing higher flow throughput and lower end-to-end delay.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Pant, Neha, Rakesh Ranjan, and M. P. Singh. "Hybrid Algorithm to Control Congestion in Wireless Sensor Networks." International Journal of Grid and Distributed Computing 7, no. 5 (October 31, 2014): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ijgdc.2014.7.5.07.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Banu, Dr Reshma, and Ayesha Taranum. "Maximized Congestion Control in TCP with Multi-Path Support in Wireless Cobweb Network." IJARCCE 6, no. 4 (April 30, 2017): 451–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17148/ijarcce.2017.6487.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Aslam, Nelofar, Kewen Xia, Ahmad Ali, and Saleem Ullah. "Adaptive TCP-ICCW Congestion Control Mechanism for QoS in Renewable Wireless Sensor Networks." IEEE Sensors Letters 1, no. 6 (December 2017): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lsens.2017.2758822.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Ma, Lujuan, Xiaoping Liu, Huanqing Wang, and Yucheng Zhou. "Congestion Tracking Control for Wireless TCP/AQM Network Based on Adaptive Integral Backstepping." International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems 18, no. 9 (April 7, 2020): 2289–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12555-019-0724-y.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Lin, Shirong, and Shouxu Jiang. "Learn-ing-Based On-AP TCP Performance Enhancement." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2020 (August 13, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8863420.

Full text

Abstract:

Data transmissions suffer from TCP’s poor performance since the introduction of the first commercial wireless services in the 1990s. Recent years have witnessed a surge of academia and industry activities in the field of TCP performance optimization. For a TCP flow whose last hop is a wireless link, congestions in the last hop dominate its performance. We implement an integral data sampling, network monitoring, and rate control software-defined wireless networking (SDWN) system. By analysing our sampled data, we find that there exist strong relationships between congestion packet loss behaviors and the instant cross-layer network metric measurements (states). We utilize these qualitative relationships to predict future congestions in wireless links and enhance TCP performance by launch necessary rate control locally on the access points (AP) before the congestions. We also implement modeling and rate control modules on this platform. Our platform senses the instant wireless dynamic and takes actions promptly to avoid future congestions. We conduct real-world experiments to evaluate its performance. The experiment results show that our methods outperform the bottleneck bandwidth and RTT (BBR) protocol and a recently proposed protocol Vivace on throughput, delay, and jitter performance at least 16.5%, 25%, and 12.6%, respectively.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Idwan, Harry, and Ihsanuddin Ihsanuddin. "Analisis Optimasi Round Trip Time (RTT) pada Jaringan Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) New Reno." Jurnal JTIK (Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi) 4, no. 2 (October 3, 2020): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.35870/jtik.v4i2.143.

Full text

Abstract:

The research objective is to simulate and analyze existing algorithms developed previously using the NS-3 application, which affects the measurement of RTT, cwnd, and throughput, and to evaluate the performance of TCP New Reno based on topology and research parameters so that it is obtained specifically how to optimize RTT and throughput on wireless networks. at the Banda Aceh City coffee shop. The research method simulates and analyzes the development of the TCP New Reno algorithm on wireless network coding so that the results can be applied directly. The approach describes a variety of steps or techniques based on a certain distance in increasing throughput, controlling the congestion window (cwnd) and reducing RTO. The results of the study concluded that the use of the TCP New Reno algorithm on a wireless network for multi-hop ad-hoc topology (5 nodes) produced better values than single-hop (2 nodes). The TCP New Reno algorithm has a retransmit phase (at flow-1 and flow-2) which indicates that the slow start phase again starts, cwnd will effectively double (slowly add data) the size of the windows RTT (time) thereby reducing the loss of data packets. In general, strategies and techniques based on distance (6 m and 3 m) in achieving RTT optimization, the TCP New Reno's network strategy of 3 m is a good technique, especially in multi-hop.Keywords:TCP New Reno, RTT, Cwnd, Throughput, Coffee Shop

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Junior, Airton Orlandini, and Luciana Andréia Fondazzi Martimiano. "Performance Analysis of the Segment Transfer Rate of TCP-UEM." Revista de Informática Teórica e Aplicada 26, no. 2 (August 3, 2019): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/2175-2745.82043.

Full text

Abstract:

UsingTCP(TransmissionControlProtocol)inwirelessnetworkscanaffectitsperformanceduetoits lack of ability to identify packets losses properly, causing the triggering of its congestion control mechanism. Some TCP variants were proposed to improve this control, being TCP-UEM one of them. This variant allows the evaluation of the link reliability in wireless networks in time intervals, keeping the end-to-end semantics. TCP-UEM was implemented in FreeBSD OS and its performance with relation to segment transfer rate (in Mbps) was compared to two other variants, TCP-NEWRENO and TCP-CUBIC. This paper describes TCP-UEM, discusses results of the tests and the statistical analysis that were carried out using two scenarios. For each scenario, 30 samples of 30 seconds of execution time with different loss rates were collected. The results showed that TCP-UEM presented a good performance, achieving a performance higher than the other two variants in the majority of the tests, with different loss rates.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Ali, Iqtidar, Tariq Hussain, Kamran Khan, Arshad Iqbal, and Fatima Perviz. "The Impact of IEEE 802.11 Contention Window on The Performance of Transmission Control Protocol in Mobile Ad-Hoc Network." ADCAIJ: Advances in Distributed Computing and Artificial Intelligence Journal 9, no. 3 (August 7, 2020): 29–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.14201/adcaij2020932948.

Full text

Abstract:

A Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is a group of nodes connected via ad-hoc fashion for communicating with each other through wireless interface. The communication among the nodes in such network take place by using multi-hop in the absence of fixed infrastructure. TCP faces some hurdles and complexities in multi-hop ad-hoc networks particularly congestion and route failures. The incompatibility between the MAC and TCP are previously noticed by the research community. This research study focuses on the impact of MAC layer contention window on TCP in MANET by using variation in network density and velocity of nodes respectively. Simulation has been carried out to quantify and analyze the impact of Contention Window (CW) sizes that affects the performance of TCP by using NS-2 simulator. The impact of CW is investigated on TCP in multi-hop networks by means of performance evaluation parameters i.e. average delay, average packet drops and average throughput.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Berqia, Amine A., and Hajar Bennouri. "Assessing the performance of different TCP congestion mechanisms in underwater wireless sensor networks." International Journal of Vehicle Information and Communication Systems 5, no. 1 (2020): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijvics.2020.10029233.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Bennouri, Hajar, and Amine A. Berqia. "Assessing the performance of different TCP congestion mechanisms in underwater wireless sensor networks." International Journal of Vehicle Information and Communication Systems 5, no. 1 (2020): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijvics.2020.107190.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Ping, Li Ru. "Trust Based Authentication Mechanism in Wireless Sensor Networks." International Journal of Online Engineering (iJOE) 12, no. 1 (January 18, 2016): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v12i1.5173.

Full text

Abstract:

Authentication mechanism is the basis of access control and data exchange. In wireless sensor networks, the vulnerability of network nodes and complexity of communication protocols pose a huge challenge for designing authentication mechanism in such environment. In this paper, we study the authentication mechanism in wireless sensor networks based on trust between nodes. We use the interaction history of nodes for recommendation trust computation, and the interaction history comes from the interactions between nodes. We design a penalty mechanism for hostile nodes based on the TCP congestion control protocol, and present a loyalty based trust recommendation evaluation algorithm. Massive experiments validate the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed approach.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Yahia, Mohamed, and József Bíró. "Enhanced congestion control in TCP for solving hidden terminal problems in ad hoc wireless networks." Periodica Polytechnica Electrical Engineering 51, no. 1-2 (2007): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/pp.ee.2007-1-2.07.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Han, Kimoon, Min Sub Kim, Jae Yong Lee, and Byung Chul Kim. "Design of Machine Learning based LDA Congestion control for Improving TCP Performance in Wireless Environment." Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers 55, no. 11 (November 30, 2018): 9–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5573/ieie.2018.55.11.9.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'TCP congestion control for hybrid wireless'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles