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Journal articles on the topic 'TDMA protocols'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 September 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Uppalapati, Srilakshmi. "Energy-Efficient Heterogeneous Optimization Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network." Instrumentation Mesure Métrologie 19, no. 5 (2020): 391–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/i2m.190510.

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A wide range of applications include in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), and it is being used extensively in data collection specifically to process the mission-critical tasks. The implementation of routing protocols of energy-efficient (EE) is one of the significant challenging jobs of Sensor Networks (MC-SSN) and Mission Critical Sensors. In hierarchical routing protocols, higher EE can reach when compared to the flat routing protocols. The network’s scheduling process doesn’t support enhanced balanced Energy-efficient network-integrated super-heterogeneous (E-BEENISH), which discusses earli

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LIM, ALVIN, and KUI MOK. "PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF ADAPTIVE MEDIA ACCESS CONTROL PROTOCOLS FOR PERVASIVE WIRELESS NETWORKS." Journal of Interconnection Networks 03, no. 03n04 (2002): 253–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219265902000665.

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As pervasive and high-density wireless networks become increasingly common, it is critical to address the problems of intermittent disconnection, high error rate and collision that cause degradation in the performance of wireless media access control protocols, such as slotted ALOHA Time Division Multiple Access (slotted ALOHA/TDMA) and Direct Sequence Code Division Multiple Access (DS/CDMA). We propose adaptive techniques for improving performance of media access protocols through awareness of the mobile communication environment. These techniques involve detection of intermittent disconnecti

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Aslam, Aqsa, Pedro M. Santos, Frederico Santos, and Luís Almeida. "Empirical Performance Models of MAC Protocols for Cooperative Platooning Applications." Electronics 8, no. 11 (2019): 1334. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8111334.

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Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANET) enable vehicles to exchange information on traffic conditions, dynamic status and localization, to enhance road safety and transportation efficiency. A typical VANET application is platooning, which can take advantage of exchanging information on speed, heading and position to allow shorter inter-vehicle distances without compromising safety. However, the platooning performance depends drastically on the quality of the communication channel, which in turn is highly influenced by the medium access control protocol (MAC). Currently, VANETs use the IEEE 802.11p M

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Haszerila Wan Hassan, Wan, Darmawaty Mohd Ali, Juwita Mohd Sultan, and Murizah Kassim. "Medium access control protocol based on time division multiple access scheme for wireless body area network." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 14, no. 3 (2024): 2762. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v14i3.pp2762-2770.

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In recent years, the demand for wireless body area network (WBAN) technology has increased, driven by advancements in medical and healthcare applications. WBAN consists of small, low-power, and heterogeneous sensor devices attached inside or outside the body for continuous health monitoring. Medium access control (MAC) is pivotal in addressing WBAN challenges by ensuring reliability and energy efficiency under a dynamic environment caused by body movement. Therefore, to tackle these challenges, this paper presents a MAC protocol based on time division multiple access (TDMA) to enhance the WBAN

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Wan, Haszerila Wan Hassan, Mohd Ali Darmawaty, Mohd Sultan Juwita, and Kassim Murizah. "Medium access control protocol based on time division multiple access scheme for wireless body area network." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 14, no. 3 (2024): 2762–70. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v14i3.pp2762-2770.

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In recent years, the demand for wireless body area network (WBAN) technology has increased, driven by advancements in medical and healthcare applications. WBAN consists of small, low-power, and heterogeneous sensor devices attached inside or outside the body for continuous health monitoring. Medium access control (MAC) is pivotal in addressing WBAN challenges by ensuring reliability and energy efficiency under a dynamic environment caused by body movement. Therefore, to tackle these challenges, this paper presents a MAC protocol based on time division multiple access (TDMA) to enhance the WBAN

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Nosheen, Irum, Shoab A. Khan, and Umar Ali. "A Cross-Layer Design for a Multihop, Self-Healing, and Self-Forming Tactical Network." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2019 (April 9, 2019): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1523906.

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In mission and time critical applications, bandwidth and delay optimizations are the key goals of communication systems. This paper presents a cross-layer framework design that reduces the call setup time, provides collision-free communication, and reuses the empty slots of Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) protocol which otherwise causes low throughput and large delay. As number of communicating nodes in tactical networks is small as compared to commercial mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), classical TDMA will yield huge number of empty slots and any Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision D

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Li, Suoping, Youyi Yuan, and Guodong Pan. "An Efficient SS-MAC Protocol for IEEE 802.15.4-Based WSNs of Cluster Tree Topology." Electronics 13, no. 13 (2024): 2520. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13132520.

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Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard have important applications in many fields, such as the Internet of Things and smart cities because of their low energy consumption. Hybrid carrier sense multiple access/time division multiple access (CSMA/TDMA) is the key technique to reduce energy consumption in the standard, but it also increases packet delay and reduces network throughput. Although the cluster tree topology is a typical topology defined by the IEEE 802.15.4 standard, there are few efficient medium access control (MAC) protocols specifically for this type o

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Kim, Seungmin, and JeongGil Ko. "IB-MAC: Transmission Latency-Aware MAC for Electro-Magnetic Intra-Body Communications." Sensors 19, no. 2 (2019): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19020341.

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Intra-body Communication (IBC) is a communication method using the human body as a communication medium, in which body-attached devices exchange electro-magnetic (EM) wave signals with each other. The fact that our human body consists of water and electrolytes allows such communication methods to be possible. Such a communication technology can be used to design novel body area networks that are secure and resilient towards external radio interference. While being an attractive technology for enabling new applications for human body-centered ubiquitous applications, network protocols for IBC s

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Lu, Jun, and De Zhi An. "TDMA-Based Time Slots Assignment Algorithm." Applied Mechanics and Materials 241-244 (December 2012): 2445–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.241-244.2445.

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In this paper we studied timeliness of TDMA-based MAC scheduling mechanisms. TDMA-based MAC protocols require sensor nodes to deliver data individually so as to eliminate collisions in shared channel. This scheduling mechanism can assist sensor nodes in managing energy efficiently since data resending that collisions induced has a significant impact on battery life. But during medium access arbitration, the elected central node has to receive other nodes’ state messages one by one before assigning time slots for each node. While in large-scale sensor networks, the waiting time would be a relat

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Chauhan, Gargi, Usha Sharma, Seema Verma, and G. N. Purohit. "TDMA Scheduling Algorithm Using Independent Sets in Network Graph." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 10, no. 10 (2013): 2071–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v10i10.1195.

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Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is a distributed wireless network consists of large amount of sensor nodes which gather useful information from a variety of environment and these sensor nodes communicate with each other in a multi-hop radio networks, with the end goal of handing their processed data to the data collector or access point (AP) [1,2]. WSNs have many issues such as self-configuration, fault-tolerance, adaptation, flexibility, energy efficiency, security, scalability, interference, architectural issues, mobility and delay tolerance [3]. Amongthese issues the most critical issue is

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Sivakumar, V., and D. Rekha. "Underwater Acoustic Sensor Node Scheduling using an Evolutionary Memetic Algorithm." Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology 1 (March 28, 2018): 88–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.26636/jtit.2018.116217.

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Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks (UWASNs) play an important role in monitoring the aqueous environment which has created a lot of interest for researchers and scientists. Utilization of underwater acoustic sensor node (UASN) scheduling for transmission remains, due to the limited acoustic bandwidth available, a challenge in such an environment. One of the methods to overcome this problem is to efficiently schedule UASN data using time division multiple access (TDMA) protocols the parallel transmissions, simultaneously avoiding interference. The paper shows how to optimize the utilization of

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Wang, Sheng Quan, Da Jun Sun, and You Wen Zhang. "An Efficient Intra-Cluster MAC Protocol in Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks." Applied Mechanics and Materials 651-653 (September 2014): 1790–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.651-653.1790.

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Efficient intra-cluster communication on the MAC layer in the underwater acoustic sensor networks has always been the primary concern. However, the existing MAC protocols are not suitable for the intra-cluster communication. In this paper, we analyze some typical MAC protocols and the reasons for their unsuitability. We propose IC-MAC, an Intra-cluster MAC protocol based on a model of intra-cluster nodes location. This protocol realizes the slot synchronization between nodes, sleep mechanism and collision avoidance. Finally, we simulate IC-MAC, TDMA and T-Lohi for comparison. The results show

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Fatima, Dr Syeda Gauhar. "Interference Minimization in TDMA MAC Protocols for WSNs." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 7, no. 4 (2019): 681–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2019.4122.

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Oikonomou, Konstantinos, and Ioannis Stavrakakis. "Energy considerations for topology-unaware TDMA MAC protocols." Ad Hoc Networks 4, no. 3 (2006): 359–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.adhoc.2004.10.003.

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Jovanovic, Milica D., and Goran L. Djordjevic. "Reduced-frame TDMA protocols for wireless sensor networks." International Journal of Communication Systems 27, no. 10 (2012): 1857–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dac.2439.

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Narender Reddy Kampelli and Puttha Chandrasekhar Reddy. "Energy Efficient MAC for M2M Communication Using Dynamic TDMA in IoT Network." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology 32, no. 2 (2023): 327–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/araset.32.2.327345.

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In the Internet of Things (IoT) context, the relevance of M2M communication increased, creating the need for practical solutions. MTCDs, or Machine Type Communication Devices, frequently encounter issues such as collisions and delays while transmitting data, ensuring network scalability and maintaining the quality of service (QoS) for all devices participating in the communication. To address these challenges, this paper presents the protocol for switching MAC that optimizes energy usage with Dynamic Time Division Multiple Access (EMAC-DTDMA). TheEMAC-DTDMA protocol involves grouping, dynamic

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Latif, Muhammad Bilal, Feng Liu, and Kai Liu. "A TDMA-Based MAC Protocol for Mitigating Mobility-Caused Packet Collisions in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks." Sensors 22, no. 2 (2022): 643. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22020643.

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An autonomous driving environment poses a very stringent requirement for the timely delivery of safety messages in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). Time division multiple access (TDMA)-based medium access control (MAC) protocols are considered a promising solution because of their time-bound message delivery. However, in the event of mobility-caused packet collisions, they may experience an unpredicted and extended delay in delivering messages, which can cause catastrophic accidents. To solve this problem, a distributed TDMA-based MAC protocol with mobility-caused collision mitigation (MCCM

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Saravanan, M., Rajeev Sukumaran, M. R. Christhuraj, and T. T. Manikandan. "Stochastic Network Calculus Model for Delay Distribution of Time Division Multiple Access and Carrier Sense Multiple Access in Underwater Acoustic Wireless Communication." Revista Gestão Inovação e Tecnologias 11, no. 4 (2021): 2885–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.47059/revistageintec.v11i4.2325.

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Underwater Acoustic wireless communication becomes a popular research area for transmitting and receiving data between the communicators in the ocean environment. High accuracy in data communication can be succeeded by proficient modeling of carrier sense multiple access and time division access. For such innovations, the system has to proceed with an appropriate framework to make constant data traffic and limitations on start to finish data traffic delays. There are two major wireless communication multiple access methods that can be utilized in real-time underwater networks. One of the multi

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Jiang, Yu, Yan Chun Liang, Li Li He, Ying Hui Cao, and Cheng Quan Hu. "WSN Networking Protocol Based on Dynamic Changing Channel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 44-47 (December 2010): 844–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.44-47.844.

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Based on the analysis of the wireless sensor networks in the application of the public utilities, a new approach which can change channel dynamically in buildings using wireless sensor networks was designed and implemented. In this paper, the WSN platform supported for AES encryption. And on the basis of the TDMA protocol, using linear regression and BBS generator, a new WSN protocol which has the ability to change communication channel dynamically was designed. Compared with traditional network protocols, the proposed method can decrease the degree of network congestion, energy consumption, p

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PHUA, VALANCE, and AMITAVA DATTA. "A LINK STATE DEPENDENT TDMA PROTOCOL FOR INDUSTRIAL WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK APPLICATIONS IN PERIODICALLY CHANGING ENVIRONMENTS." Journal of Interconnection Networks 09, no. 03 (2008): 231–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219265908002254.

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Existing TDMA-based MAC protocols for wireless sensor networks are not specifically built to consider communication channels that are prone to fading. We describe the impact of periodically changing environment on small-scale fading effects in industrial indoor wireless networks. Using a site-specific ray tracer, we show that the position of nodes and the periodic movements of objects with constant velocities in the environment have significant impact on signal fading. Finding that fading is approximately periodic, we propose a TDMA-based MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks built for ind

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Kaur, Mukhwinder. "Types Routing Protocols based one Energy Efficiency." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 9 (2021): 709–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.38057.

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Abstract: Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consist of autonomous sensors distributed in space to monitor physical or environmental conditions such as temperature, sound, and pressure, and to coordinate communications. The information collected reaches its destination through the network infrastructure. Energy-efficient routing protocols are becoming more important because sensor nodes are power-limited devices. Several tiered routing protocols have recently been proposed to minimize power consumption. For example, LEACH is a basic hierarchical routing protocol that uses clustering to achieve en

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S., Prakasam, and Lavanya S. "Performance Analysis of Energy Efficient and Reliable Protocols for Intra & Inter-Cluster Communications in Wireless Sensor Networks." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) 9, no. 5 (2020): 216–20. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.C6290.069520.

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The discovery and the use of many wireless technologies are paving way for new remote monitoring applications. The sensing devices are becoming popular because of their flexibility, performance, low cost and portability. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is a good alternative to wired systems because of easy deployment in remote areas. Wireless Sensor Networks are used in different domains for various applications because of their salient characteristics like reduced power consumption, scalability, ability to respond immediately within a short span of time, reliability, dynamic in nature, low cos

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Abbas, Ghulam, Ziaul Haq Abbas, Shahab Haider, Thar Baker, Saadi Boudjit, and Fazal Muhammad. "PDMAC: A Priority-Based Enhanced TDMA Protocol for Warning Message Dissemination in VANETs." Sensors 20, no. 1 (2019): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20010045.

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Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are the key enabling technology for intelligent transportation systems. Carrier-sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) is the de facto media access standard for inter-vehicular communications, but its performance degrades in high-density networks. Time-division multiple access (TDMA)-based protocols fill this gap to a certain extent, but encounter inefficient clock synchronization and lack of prioritized message delivery. Therefore, we propose a priority-based direction-aware media access control (PDMAC) as a novel protocol for intra-cluster

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Utama, Sunariya, Israa Shakir Seger, Sajad Muhil Abd, Roshidi Din, Alaa Jabbar Qasim Almaliki, and Jabbar Qasim Almaliki. "Analytical and Empirical Insights into Wireless Sensor Network Longevity: The Role MAC Protocols and Adaptive Strategies." Journal of Advanced Research in Computing and Applications 36, no. 1 (2024): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arca.36.1.5260.

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Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have become essential in various fields, such as corporate industries, environmental monitoring, military defense, and healthcare, due to their ability to monitor and transmit data from remote locations. However, the battery-powered nature of WSN nodes necessitates a strong emphasis on energy conservation to extend network lifespan. This paper evaluates the impact of different Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols on WSN performance, focusing on energy efficiency and data transmission reliability. We explore various MAC protocols, including contention-based prot

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Lenka, Manas Ranjan, and Amulya Ratna Swain. "An Efficient Dynamic Slot Scheduling Algorithm for WSN MAC: A Distributed Approach." Scalable Computing: Practice and Experience 21, no. 2 (2020): 233–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.12694/scpe.v21i2.1672.

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In the current scenario, the growth of IoT based solutions gives rise to the rapid utilisation of WSN. With energy constraint sensor nodes in WSN, the design of energy efficient MAC protocol along with timeliness requirement to handle collision is of paramount importance. Most of the MAC protocols designed for a sensor network follows either contention or scheduled based approach. Contention based approach adapts well to topology changes, whereas it is more costly in handling collision as compared to a schedule based approach. Hence, to reduce the collision along with timeliness, an effective

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Huang, Jiawei, Qi Li, Shaohua Zhong, et al. "Synthesizing Existing CSMA and TDMA Based MAC Protocols for VANETs." Sensors 17, no. 2 (2017): 338. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s17020338.

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Atapattu, S., N. Rajatheva, and C. Tellambura. "Performance Analysis of TDMA Relay Protocols Over Nakagami-$m$ Fading." IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 59, no. 1 (2010): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2009.2029980.

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Nugraha, I. Gde Dharma, Edwiansyah Zaky Ashadi, and Ardiansyah Musa Efendi. "Performance Evaluation of Collision Avoidance for Multi-node LoRa Networks based on TDMA and CSMA Algorithm." Journal of Wireless Mobile Networks, Ubiquitous Computing, and Dependable Applications 15, no. 1 (2024): 53–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.58346/jowua.2024.i1.005.

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LoRa can be used as the communication technology for the intelligent monitoring system. However, LoRa is usually used for outdoor communication. The usage of LoRa as indoor communication has many challenges. One of the challenges is that collision happens when using standard LoRa devices with only one channel. The algorithms based on TDMA (Time-division Multiple Access) and CSMA (Carrier-sense Multiple Access) protocols can be used to address this challenge. These two algorithms can be modified by applying the device that is the center of the network (gateway) as a central control and the data

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EBELOGU, Christopher U. "Media Access Control (MAC) Protocols: An Overview." International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research and Engineering (ijasre) 5, no. 8 (2019): 142–49. https://doi.org/10.31695/IJASRE.2019.33462.

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<em>Information Technology has grown rapidly leading to challenges with communicating information with nodes at remote locations. There are many communication media, </em><em>and certain varieties of wired links such as coaxial cables, where multiple nodes can all be linked to hear each other's transmissions either properly, correctly or with some non-zero probability. Generally, there are two rudimentary ways of sharing such stations or media, which can be the time-sharing, and frequency sharing. This paper tackles the rudimentary question of how such one common communication channel also

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Mahfoudh, Saoucene, Gerard Chalhoub, Pascale Minet, Michel Misson, and Ichrak Amdouni. "Node Coloring and Color Conflict Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks." Future Internet 2, no. 4 (2010): 469–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi2040469.

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In wireless sensor networks, energy efficiency is mainly achieved by making nodes sleep. In this paper, we present the combination of SERENA, a new node activity scheduling algorithm based on node coloring, with TDMA/CA, a collision avoidance MAC protocol. We show that the combination of these two protocols enables substantial bandwidth and energy benefits for both general and data gathering applications. As a first contribution, we prove that the three-hop node coloring problem is NP-complete. As a second contribution, the overhead induced by SERENA during network coloring is reduced, making

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Kourtellaris, Christos, Constantinos Psomas, and Ioannis Krikidis. "Finite Blocklength Analysis of Multiple Access Channels With/Without Cooperation." IEEE Transactions on Communications 68, no. 10 (2020): 6317–30. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOMM.2020.3009260.

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Motivated by the demand of reliable and finite blocklength communications, we employ tools from information theory, stochastic processes and queueing theory, in order to provide a comprehensive framework regarding the analysis of a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) network with bursty traffic, in the finite blocklength regime. Specifically, we reexamine the stability conditions of a non-cooperative TDMA multiple access channel, evaluate the optimal throughput, and identify the optimal data packet size, k, for fixed codeword of blocklength, n. The evaluation is performed both numerically and

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Zhang, Jun, Zhi Hu, Yan Xiong, and Gengxin Ning. "A Collision-Free Hybrid MAC Protocol Based on Pipeline Parallel Transmission for Distributed Multi-Channel Underwater Acoustic Networks." Electronics 9, no. 4 (2020): 679. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9040679.

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The transmission rate between two nodes is usually very low in underwater acoustic networks due to the low available bandwidth of underwater acoustic channels. Therefore, increasing the transmission parallelism among network nodes is one of the most effective ways to improve the performance of underwater acoustic networks. In this paper, we propose a new collision-free hybrid medium access control (MAC) protocol for distributed multi-channel underwater acoustic networks. In the proposed protocol, handshaking and data transmission are implemented as a pipeline on multiple acoustic channels. Han

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Valkanis, Anastasios, Petros Nicopolitidis, and Georgios Papadimitriou. "A Hybrid Link-TDMA MAC Protocol for Conventional and Radio over Fiber WLANs." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2020 (August 4, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9340272.

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During the last two decades, the IEEE 8201.11 family has multiplied data rate transmissions in wireless local area networks (WLANs). This progress is based on the adoption of new technologies concerning physical layer (PHY), combined with the enhancements in the medium access control (MAC) layer. Radio over Fiber (RoF) is a technology which can further extend this progress, combining the benefits of optical fiber and wireless networks. The current IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol is contention based, which leads to low utilization of the RoF PHY data rate and on the other hand cannot handle the effect

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Dharmendra Yadav, Et al. "Mathematical Modeling and Comparative Assessment of Centroid Based Leach Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network." Advances in Nonlinear Variational Inequalities 27, no. 1 (2024): 188–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/anvi.v27.355.

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This research evaluates the performance of two key routing protocols, LEACH and an enhanced version of Centralized LEACH, in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). The study sets initial simulation parameters, gathers data over numerous rounds, and presents results through diagrams. Additionally, it conducts a comparative analysis with existing research. In WSNs, nodes within transmission range communicate directly, while distant nodes rely on intermediaries. The study introduces hierarchical clustering with cluster heads for network efficiency. The number of cluster heads significantly impacts ener

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Batth, Ranbir Singh. "A Survey and Analysis on TDMA Based MAC Protocols for VANETs." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology V, no. X (2017): 1570–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2017.10227.

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Hussain, I., N. Sarma, and D. K. Saikia. "TDMA MAC Protocols for WiFi-based Long Distance Networks: A Survey." International Journal of Computer Applications 94, no. 19 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/16496-5702.

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Ohta, Atsushi, and Kazuyasu Okada. "Protocols to accommodate asynchronous transfer mode cells in satellite TDMA links." Electronics and Communications in Japan (Part I: Communications) 78, no. 9 (1995): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecja.4410780904.

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Zhang, Yan. "Precise Location Technology Based on Chirp Spread Spectrum." Applied Mechanics and Materials 40-41 (November 2010): 1000–1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.40-41.1000.

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This article introduces chirp spread spectrum technology (CSS for short), and location algorithm is optimized. Symmetric double-sided two way ranging technique (SDS–TWR for short) is applied to improve measurement accuracy and range. Linear frequency modulation ranging technology uses protocols combining CSMA / CA and TDMA, and adjusts dynamically transmission rate and frame length according to noise, interference and multipath to ensure optimal throughput and accurate distance information. System has anti-jamming capability and covers great distance.

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Zhu, Feng Xia, Zai Yu Zhang, and Ma Jia Wu. "Broadband Self-Organizing Network Channel Allocation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 631-632 (September 2014): 910–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.631-632.910.

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This paper discussed the current variety of effective multi-channel self-organizing network channel allocation techniques and proposed a combination of two access methods CSMA and TDMA. By using broadband wireless self-organizing network channel and OPNET simulation tools,the methods can build self-organizing network simulation scenarios that proposed network protocols performance analysis. This self-organizing network channel allocation can effectively transmit information and avoid the conflict of different communication node distribution of the corresponding channel.

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Rahman, Wazir Ur, Qiao Gang, Feng Zhou, et al. "Energy-Efficient MAC Protocol for Underwater Sensor Networks Using CSMA/CA, TDMA, and Actor–Critic Reinforcement Learning (AC-RL) Fusion." Acoustics 7, no. 3 (2025): 39. https://doi.org/10.3390/acoustics7030039.

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Due to the dynamic and harsh underwater environment, which involves a long propagation delay, high bit error rate, and limited bandwidth, it is challenging to achieve reliable communication in underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) and network support applications, like environmental monitoring and natural disaster prediction, which require energy efficiency and low latency. To tackle these challenges, we introduce AC-RL-based power control (ACRLPC), a novel hybrid MAC protocol that can efficiently integrate Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA)-based MAC and Ti

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Hebal, Sara, Lemia Louail, and Saad Harous. "Latency and Energy Optimization Using MAC-Aware Routing for WSNs." International Journal of Business Data Communications and Networking 16, no. 1 (2020): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijbdcn.2020010102.

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Protocols for wireless sensor networks are generally designed following the layered protocol stack where layers are independent. Uncorrelated decisions coming from different layers may affect certain metrics such as the latency of communications, the energy consumption, etc. Cross-layer approaches overcome this problem by exploiting the dependencies between the layers. In this article, the authors propose latency and energy mac-aware routing for wireless sensor networks (LEMAR-WSN), a new cross-layer routing approach using information of the TDMA schedule and exploiting the information of the

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Wang, Ruoyu, and Y. Rosa Zheng. "Channel utilization of media access control protocols for underwater acoustic networks with propagation delay and mobility." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 155, no. 6 (2024): 3782–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0026232.

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This paper investigates the impact of mobility on underwater acoustic communication networks in which the propagation delay is comparable to or larger than the packet duration. An underwater acoustic wireless network, consisting of static and mobile nodes, is studied for its link-layer channel utilization. Synchronous and asynchronous media access control (MAC) protocols are employed with ALOHA, TDMA (time-division multiple access), and artificial intelligence (AI) agent nodes. The simulation results of a multi-node network show that the asynchronous MAC protocols achieve up to 6.66× higher ch

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Chandnani, Manali, Mukesh Kumar Khandelwal, and Meeta Sharma. "A Survey on Synchronization Approach in MAC Layer Protocols." International Journal of Business Data Communications and Networking 13, no. 1 (2017): 9–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijbdcn.2017010102.

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The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model describes the layered approach for communication between two networked systems. The Data link layer of OSI model consists of a sub layer known as MAC layer for achieving coordination among the communicating nodes to access the shared channel. This channel is shared between multiple nodes in a communication network and the packets transmitted at same time by different nodes collide with each other. This situation leads to loss of data and bandwidth gets wasted. To avoid this situation, MAC layer supports various protocols: TDMA, ALOHA, CSMA/CD, CSMA/

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Papadimitriou, G. I., and A. S. Pomportsis. "Learning-automata-based TDMA protocols for broadcast communication systems with bursty traffic." IEEE Communications Letters 4, no. 3 (2000): 107–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/4234.831040.

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Li, Shuai, Frank Singhoff, Stéphane Rubini, and Michel Bourdellès. "Scheduling analysis of tasks constrained by TDMA: Application to software radio protocols." Journal of Systems Architecture 76 (May 2017): 58–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sysarc.2016.11.003.

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Watfa, Mohamed K., Samir Selman, and Hovig Denkilkian. "A Battery-Aware High-Throughput MAC Layer Protocol in Sensor Networks." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 6, no. 1 (2010): 259809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/259809.

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Energy savings have always been the primary concern in wireless sensor network protocols, however there are applications where latency and throughput are prioritized over energy efficiency and are so significant that the application would not be able to satisfy its requirements without them. The communication unit and the antenna operation consume most of the battery-powered energy of the node. Thus, the access to the medium must be controlled in a very strict manner in order to avoid collisions which result in lost transmissions and have a dramatic impact on the lifetime of the network. Altho

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Bekmezci, Ilker, and Fatih Alagoz. "A New Distributed Slot Assignment Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Network Under Convergecast Data Traffic." Journal of Communications Software and Systems 2, no. 4 (2017): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.24138/jcomss.v2i4.278.

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The scarcest resource for most of the wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is energy and one of the major factors inenergy consumption for WSNs is due to communication. Notonly transmission but also reception is the source of energyconsumption. The lore to decrease energy consumption is toturn off radio circuit when it is not needed. This is why TDMA has advantages over contention based methods. Time slot assignment algorithm is an essential part of TDMA based systems. Although centralized time slot assignment protocols are preferred in many WSNs, centralized approach is not scalable. In this paper

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Bekmezci, Ilker, and Fatih Alagöz. "Delay Sensitive, Energy Efficient and Fault Tolerant Distributed Slot Assignment Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks under Convergecast Data Traffic." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 5, no. 5 (2009): 557–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15501320802300123.

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The scarcest resource for most of the wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is energy and the major factor in energy consumption for WSNs is communication. Not only transmission, but also reception is the source of energy consumption. The lore to decrease energy consumption is to turn off the radio circuit when it is not needed. This is why TDMA is advantageous over contention based methods. A time slot assignment algorithm is an essential part of TDMA based systems. Although centralized time slot assignment protocols are preferred in many WSNs, a centralized approach is not scalable. In this articl

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Chen, Xu, Ding Xu, and Hongbo Zhu. "Cooperative Resource Allocation for Hybrid NOMA-OMA-Based Wireless Powered MC-IoT Systems with Hybrid Relays." Electronics 13, no. 1 (2023): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13010099.

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This paper considers an uplink wireless powered multichannel internet of things (MC-IoT) system with multiple hybrid relays, each serves a group of wireless-powered IoTDs. For coordinating radio frequency wireless power transfer (RF-WPT) and wireless information transfer (WIT), two cooperative protocols integrating non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and orthogonal multiple access (OMA), namely hybrid NOMA-frequency division multiple access (FDMA) and hybrid NOMA-time division multiple access (TDMA), is proposed. For both protocols, we investigate cooperative resource allocation problems and

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Shah, Syed Luqman, Ziaul Haq Abbas, Ghulam Abbas, Fazal Muhammad, Aseel Hussien, and Thar Baker. "An Innovative Clustering Hierarchical Protocol for Data Collection from Remote Wireless Sensor Networks Based Internet of Things Applications." Sensors 23, no. 12 (2023): 5728. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23125728.

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Recently, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have emerged as a viable solution for data collection from remote Internet of Things (IoT) applications. However, the successful implementation in this regard necessitates the development of a reliable and energy-efficient routing protocol. This paper proposes a reliable and an energy-efficient UAV-assisted clustering hierarchical (EEUCH) protocol designed for remote wireless sensor networks (WSNs) based IoT applications. The proposed EEUCH routing protocol facilitates UAVs to collect data from ground sensor nodes (SNs) that are equipped with wake-up r

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