Relevant bibliographies by topics / Tea masters

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Tea masters'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 28 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Tea masters"

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Putri, Anastasia Merry Christiani Widya, and Ratna Handayani. "Prinsip Dasar Budha Zen dalam Chanoyu." Lingua Cultura 4, no. 2 (November 30, 2010): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/lc.v4i2.361.

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One of the Japanese traditional cultures that had been well known since the 16th century was chanoyu, the tea ceremony presented for the guests and carried out in chasitsu. Tea was introduced in Japan in the 16th century by bhiksu Zen. Formerly, the tea was used for a light stimulation for meditation, drug ingredients, media for Buddha Zen dissemination, dan developing chanoyu spiritual basic. One of the tea ceremony masters, Sen no Rikyu, used four basic principles in chanoyu, those were harmony (wa), respect (kei), purity (sei), silence (jaku). Article elaborated the four basic principles of Buddha Zen in tea ceremony applied in Urasenke chanoyu. Library research and descriptive analysis were applied in this research. The research results indicate that there are wa-keisei-jaku principles and wabi sabi concepts in the Japanese tea ceremony.
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Hioki, Naoko Frances. "Tea Ceremony as a Space for Interreligious Dialogue." Exchange 42, no. 2 (2013): 125–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1572543x-12341260.

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Abstract This paper explores the potential of Japanese tea ceremony to be an aesthetic space for inter-religious dialogue. Through a study of historical encounters that took place between European Jesuit missionaries and Japanese tea masters in the late 16th century, this paper elucidates the missionaries’ experiences of tea ceremonies and discusses the validity and limitation of a tea house as a space for cross-cultural and interreligious dialogue. The fruit of tea ceremony in terms of interreligious dialogue includes a shared sense of aesthetic communion that is attained through communal enjoyment of the beauty of nature and drinking a cup of tea in an isolated tea house, where guests are invited to cast away worries of everyday business, as well as their social and religious differences; whereas its limitation pertains to marked indifference toward verbal communication that is characteristic to the way of tea, and thus the historical missionaries’ experience was limited to aesthetic paradigm and did not lead to logical understanding of doctrinal differences between Buddhists and Christians.
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Li, Peiye. "Classification of black tea leaf water content based on hyperspectral imaging." Frontiers in Computing and Intelligent Systems 1, no. 3 (October 25, 2022): 54–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/fcis.v1i3.2071.

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Withering is an important process step in black tea production, and the degree of withering directly determines the quality and flavor of black tea. Presently, the judgment of the degree of the withering of black tea at home and abroad mainly depends on the experience of tea masters, which is highly subjective and quickly leads to the inconsistent quality of finished tea. Based on these reasons, this thesis takes Ying Hong No. 9 black tea as the research object, extracts the spectral information of 50 tea leaves in four time periods using hyperspectral imaging technology and an image processing algorithm, and classifies them using a support vector machine, K-value proximity, random forest algorithm, and BP neural network, and the experimental results show that the spectral information of tea leaves in different periods has some variability. The BP neural network in The classification accuracy on the test set reached 73.3%, which was significantly better than the other three algorithms. Therefore, it is feasible to use hyperspectral imaging technology and related classification algorithms to nondestructively identify and classify the water content of black tea leaves during the tail-withering process.
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Kim, Bang-Ryong. "A Study on the Tea-Culture of Seon Masters(禪師)." Journal of Korean Seon Studies 21 (December 31, 2008): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.22253/jkss.2008.12.21.175.

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Bohne, Hartwig, and Lee Jolliffe. "Embracing Tea Culture in Hotel Experiences." Journal of Gastronomy and Tourism 6, no. 1 (December 15, 2021): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/216929721x16105303036616.

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Tea forms a part of food and beverage services in hospitality settings and thus has potential for delivering culinary and gastronomic tourism experiences. In particular, tea presentations and services can play a role for tea tourism as a niche within food and beverage operations. Furthermore, tea and food pairings as well as tea cocktails and tea cookies or tea-flavored sweets in hospitality settings while providing the visitor with tea experiences could be profitable for hospitality operations. These specialized tea products and services may serve to brand hotel offerings as different from that of others. In addition, international hotel chains as well as family-owned hotels by embracing national and regional tea traditions can deliver on the authentic beverage services that visitors expect to receive at local destinations. Also, tea culture and traditions can affect the design of hotel facilities and services. Special trainings as tea masters or sommeliers are offered by a few hotel-related tea companies in order to set quality standards and to allow tea sommeliers to rise to a similar recognition as wine sommeliers. Teatime services can be used a signature food and beverage service in hotels, showing the variety of high-quality services and excellence of food and beverage knowledge. Hotels can take this offer as an embracing attraction to guide guests, making them familiar with cozy interior design and a light meal in order to present the abilities of cuisines and gastronomy outlets, too. Creating tea experiences becomes an important instrument contributing to tea-related tourism highlighted by the case of teatime services in international hotels.
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Yun, Byung Hwa. "A Study on Cultural Contents of National Intangible Cultural Heritage tea manufacturing(Jeda, 製茶)." Association for International Tea Culture 60 (June 30, 2023): 55–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21483/qwoaud.60..202306.55.

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Jeda(製茶) is a rational process for prolonged preservation by maximizing active ingredients of tea. The government designated Jeda(製茶) as the national intangible cultural heritage as of July 14th in 2016. This study suggests the enforcement measures of Jeda transmission. First, it is support measures through legislation on tea. Active support is necessary for Jeda masters designated by Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs as well as providing tea manufacturing transmission system based on 「Cultural Heritage Protection Act」, 「Act on the Preservation and Promotion of Intangible Cultural Properties」, 「Act on Tea Industry Development and Tea Culture Promotion」. Second, recreational·eduational·academic·regional·economic activities are necessary to reinforce the value of Jeda. Third, it is necessary to construct a transmission institution, reinforce the support of government and local government and provide outreach educational programs for Jeda activation as national intangible cultural heritage. Fourth, Jeda should be established based on a local culture. It is necessary to work on archiving, reinforce community self-sustaining power of intangible culture and establish recreational foundation for local residents. Furthermore, it takes comprehensive effort to enhance the efficiency of Jeda cultural contents, have a multiple complex function and develop creative cultural contents.
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You, Su-hyeon. "A Study on Song Dynasty’s Documentary Collection on Tea Ceremony Affairs and Major Documents on Tea." Association for International Tea Culture 31 (March 29, 2016): 1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21483/qwoaud.31..201603.47.

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This study examined the major contents of some 70 kinds of tea rites and eight kinds of tea books from Song Dynasty based on A Collection of Chinese Historical Materials on Tea Leaves (中國茶葉歷史資料選集) compiled by Jin Jo Gyu and Ju Ja Jin. In China, the writing of books on tea started with Tea Classic(茶經) by Yuku in Tang. In Song Dynasty, a hefty 30% of Chinese ancient books on tea were published, including Cheonmyeongrok by Dogok, Darok by Chaeyang, Yongcharokhuseo by Gu Yang Su, Pumchayorok by Hwang Yu, Donggyesidarok by Song Ja An, Daegwandaron by Emperor Huizong Zhao Ji, SeonhwaBukwonGongChaRok written by Woongbeon(熊蕃), and Bukwonbyeolrok by Jo Yeo Ryeo. In Song, some 70 kinds of tea rites were further enriched by literati s literary talent and emotion such as the writing of poems or literary commentaries. In those times in Song, many literati, scholars, and government officials were the very masters of teas, and they created the harmonious beauty and deep mental world into poems, calligraphies and paintings, from their tea life. In particular, most of books on tea published in Dynasty feature many contents of tribute tea. Nearly all authors of tea books were government officials in charge of tea rites in Bukwon, including officials responsible for transporting grains as taxes in Bukwon, Geonan. The books recorded the authors first-hand experience, detailing the entire process of making tea from cultivation to collection to drying, as well as kinds of tribute tea. Books on tea published in Song are important historical materials for researching Song s tea industry and tea culture. Song s tea culture reached the loftiest level in the history of China. Considering the times publication circumstances and expansive geographical scope, however, the distribution of books on tea and exchange of knowledge presumably were not facilitated. Due to such circumstances, Song s books on tea were generally written based on compilers experience, observation and knowledge.
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Wang, Di. "“Masters of Tea:” Teahouse Workers, Workplace Culture, and Gender Conflict in Wartime Chengdu." Twentieth-Century China 29, no. 2 (2003): 89–136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tcc.2003.0004.

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Wang, Di. "“Masters of Tea:” Teahouse Workers, Workplace Culture, and Gender Conflict in Wartime Chengdu." Twentieth-Century China 29, no. 2 (April 2004): 89–136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/tcc.2004.29.2.89.

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Tseng, Ting-Shiang, Mei-Hui Hsiao, Po-An Chen, Shu-Yen Lin, Shih-Wen Chiu, and Da-Jeng Yao. "Utilization of a Gas-Sensing System to Discriminate Smell and to Monitor Fermentation during the Manufacture of Oolong Tea Leaves." Micromachines 12, no. 1 (January 17, 2021): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12010093.

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The operational duration of shaking tea leaves is a critical factor in the manufacture of oolong tea; this duration influences the formation of its flavor and fragrance. The current method to control the duration of fermentation relies on the olfactory sense of tea masters; they monitor the entire process through their olfactory sense, and their experience decides the duration of shaking and setting. Because of this human factor and olfactory fatigue, it is difficult to define an optimum duration of shaking and setting; an inappropriate duration of shaking and setting deteriorates the quality of the tea. In this study, we used metal-oxide-semiconductor gas sensors to establish an electronic nose (E-nose) system and tested its feasibility. This research was divided into two experiments: distinguishing samples at various stages and an on-line experiment. The samples of tea leaves at various stages exhibited large differences in the level of grassy smell. From the experience of practitioners and from previous research, the samples could be categorized into three groups: before the first shaking (BS1), before the shaking group, and after the shaking group. We input the experimental results into a linear discriminant analysis to decrease the dimensions and to classify the samples into various groups. The results show that the smell can also be categorized into three groups. After distinguishing the samples with large differences, we conducted an on-line experiment in a tea factory and tried to monitor the smell variation during the manufacturing process. The results from the E-nose were similar to those of the sense of practitioners, which means that an E-nose has the possibility to replace the sensory function of practitioners in the future.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Tea masters"

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Chong, Adeline Yang Li. "The effects of chlorhexidine containing toothpastes and tea tree oil containing mouthwashes on plaque and gingival inflammation : a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment for the degree of Masters [sic] of Dental Surgery (Periodontics)." Title page, contents and summary only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09DM/09dmc548.pdf.

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Juhlin, Annica. "Scrum master in a global distributed development team." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för för interaktion och systemdesign, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-4927.

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Companies around the world work more globally than ever and it reflects in the system development projects that run. The companies work span continents and the employees work together over the borders. This way of working, the global distributed, brings a number of opportunities for the company but also presents a lot of problems. The distributed way of working means that the teams and/or individuals are divided. I wanted to connect this way of working with the agile framework Scrum, partly due to my own interest on the subject and partly as it is a contradiction to me, distributed work and Scrum, therefore a challenge to combine. To be able to investigate this way of working I got in touch with two companies that work globally and distributed, using the Scrum technique, I read literature and papers on the subject to be able to reach my conclusions. My conclusions are based on the success factors I found in both the literature and the dialogs performed. The study shows three important qualities in a leader, a scrum master, in a globally distributed development team: Coaching leadership, clear leadership and smaller distributed teams not individuals.
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Fulford, Andrew Richard Wentworth Stuart M. "Conductor and dielectric property extraction using microstrip tee resonators." Auburn, Ala., 2005. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2005%20Summer/master's/FULFORD_ANDREW_7.pdf.

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Arslan, Esra Kipöz Şölen. "The Indigenous Product Concept in Relation To International Design Industry: The Instruments Used In Preparing And Driking Tea And Coffee In Turkish Culture/." [s.l.]:b[s.n.], 2006. http://library.iyte.edu.tr/tezler/master/endustriurunleritasarimi/T000349.pdf.

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Zdancewicz, Kevin. "Simulating business team assembly with network models /." Full-text of dissertation on the Internet (639.45 KB), 2010. http://www.lib.jmu.edu/general/etd/2010/masters/zdanceke/zdanceke_masters_05-05-2010.pdf.

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Chettri, Rekha Sutar McCaskey T. A. "Evaluation of hydrated lime treatment of free-stall bedding and efficacy of teat sealant on incidence of dairy cow mastitis." Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2006%20Spring/master's/CHETTRI_REKHA_39.pdf.

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Pineau, Jean-François. "Communication-aware scheduling on heterogeneous master-worker platforms." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00530131.

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Les travaux présentés dans cette thèse portent sur diverses techniques d'ordonnance- ment de tâches indépendantes pour des plates-formes de type maître-esclaves dis- tribuées à grande échelle, lorsque les temps de communications des tâches sont pris en compte par des modèles réalistes. Les contributions de cette thèse se situent à trois niveaux : 1) Algorithmique Parallèle : nous avons montré la complexité d'ordonnancer des tâches indépendantes sur une plate-forme hétérogène en modélisant les communications avec un modèle un-port, en regardant plusieurs sources d'hétérogénéité et plusieurs fonctions objectives; 2) Produit de matrices : nous avons calculé la borne théorique du volume de communication minimal nécessaire pour effectuer un produit de matrices dont les données sont centralisées, et où la mémoire des esclaves est limitée, et nous avons défini un algorithme efficace de partage de la mémoire, impliquant un volume de communication proche de la borne théorique. Nous avons ensuite étendu cet algorithme à des plate-formes hétérogènes ; 3) Ordonnancement : dans le cadre d'ordonnancement d'applications constituées d'un très grand nombre de tâches indépendantes et de caractéristiques identiques, nous avons étudié en régime permanent comment minimiser le retard de chaque application lorsqu'elles sont plusieurs à entrer en compétition pour les ressources de calcul, et comment minimiser la consommation de la plate-forme lorsqu'une seule application est déployée.
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Eşit, Banu Ertok Özcan A. Can. "An Examination Of Design Processes Adopted By A Company Involved In Design-Based Manufacturing And Forming An Approach To An Optimum System: A Case Study In Teba-Günkol/." [s.l.]: [s.n.], 2006. http://library.iyte.edu.tr/tezler/master/endustriurunleritasarimi/T000353.pdf.

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El, Mouridi Mohammed. "Caractérisation mécanique de la loupe de thuya (Tetraclinis Articulata (Vahl) Masters) en vue de sa valorisation." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00805175.

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La loupe de thuya joue un rôle économique et social important pour le secteur artisanal marocain. Ces dernières décennies, pour répondre à une forte demande, le bois de la loupe de thuya a été surexploité entraînant une dégradation importante des forêts de thuya marocaines. Une réponse possible à cette problématique, à court terme, consiste à limiter les déchets d'usinage. Cette voie d'investigation passe par la caractérisation du matériau et notamment l'identification de son réseau de symétries matérielles. L'objectif de ce travail est donc de caractériser le bois de la loupe de thuya (Tetraclinis articulata (vahl) Masters) dont le comportement mécanique n'a pas été étudié jusqu'à présent. Pour atteindre cet objectif, on passe tout d'abord par une caractérisation multi-échelle. A l'échelle globale, la caractérisation est réalisée en étudiant la structure interne d'une loupe entière par tomographie X, et plus particulièrement la distribution des excroissances foncées caractéristiques de la loupe. Cette étude macroscopique est complétée, à l'échelle microscopique, par une analyse comparative de coupes anatomiques de bois de thuya et de loupe. À l'échelle du matériau, le bois de la loupe est caractérisé en étudiant la dispersion de sa rigidité par une méthode ultrasonore par contact direct. L'étude plus approfondie du comportement mécanique a nécessité la mise au point d'une méthode ultrasonore par contact direct sur des échantillons sphériques afin d'identifier les symétries matérielles d'un matériau. Cette méthode, appliquée au bois de la loupe de thuya, montre que la loupe a un comportement isotrope transverse. Par conséquent, il ne présente pas les mêmes symétries naturelles que le bois présent dans le tronc du même arbre. Cette méthode ne permet pas d'obtenir la matrice de rigidité complète : dans le cas d'un matériau orthotrope, elle donne accès aux 3 termes diagonaux de la matrice et à 3 combinaisons linéaires des 6 autres termes. Pour identifier complètement la matrice de rigidité, nous proposons, en perspective, l'utilisation de la Spectroscopie Ultrasonore Résonante (RUS). Le couplage de la méthode ultrasonore par contact direct développée et de la méthode RUS permettra de déterminer les symétries matérielles et la matrice de rigidité sur le même échantillon. Enfin, des coupes obtenues par tomographie X peuvent être superposées aux graphes de rigidité pour analyser la relation entre la structure interne et le comportement élastique de la loupe de thuya.
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DeGeest, David Scott. "Masters, showoffs, and slackers : the effects of goal orientation congruence and similarity on positive and negative contributions to team success." Diss., University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1582.

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The title of this study refers to three different dimensions of goal orientation (GO), which is defined as the stable motivated pattern of cognition and action that results from the continued pursuit of mastery-approach, performance-approach, or performance-avoid goals in different situations over time. Individuals who are primarily motivated through high learning or mastery goals ("masters"), through high performance goals ("showoffs"), and by a high desire to find easy work or avoid failing their set performance goals ("slackers") will all interact on teams with varying degrees of goal completion. These differences in the likeness of GO of team members has implications for how they interact with team members, how individuals learn, and how the team performs. This study addresses this lack of attention by more explicitly examining how likeness on GO, a motivational trait associated with how individuals react to situations where they must achieve goals, can influence the degree to which individuals can effectively work with their fellow team members. In addition, this study also investigates how GO homogeneity at the team level influences team-level learning and performance. This study shows that at the individual level, GO congruence influences learning outcomes, contributions to the team, cooperative behaviors, and that this effect is mediated through metacognition and attraction to team members. This study also shows that psychological safety serves as the mechanism at the team level through which GO homogeneity influences team level performance and team-level learning behaviors.
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Books on the topic "Tea masters"

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Han'guk ŭi myŏngch'a rŭl ch'ajasŏ. Sŏul-si: Irŭn Ach'im, 2011.

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Isao, Kumakura, ed. Chajin to chanoyu no kenkyū. Kyōto-shi: Shibunkaku Shuppan, 2003.

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Cho, Sŏk-hyŏn. Posŏng ch'a pat mit en t'ŭkpyŏl han ch'a munhwa ka itta. Sŏul-si: Hagyŏn Munhwasa, 2018.

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Rikyū no chakai. [Tokyo]: Kabushiki Kaisha Kadokawa, 2015.

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Bijutsukan, Tanabe. Hosokawa Sansai to Garasha fujin ten: Sengoku bushō no cha no yu. Matsue-shi: Tanabe Bijutsukan, 1990.

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Bunkakan, Odawara-shi Kyōdo. Kindai Odawara san chajin ten: Donʼō, Genʼan, Jian to sono shūhen : tokubetsuten. Odawara-shi: Odawara-shi Kyōdo Bunkakan, 1988.

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Ayumigusa. Kyōto-shi: Tankōsha, 2015.

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Plutschow, Herbert E. The grand tea master: A biography of Hounsai Shositsu Sen XV. Trumbull, CT: Weatherhill, 2001.

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Sin Kwang-su Myŏngin ŭi uri ch'a iyagi. Sŏul-si: Hyean, 2014.

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1579-1647, Kobori Enshū, ed. Kobori Enshū no shojō. Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō Shuppan, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Tea masters"

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Loitsch, Alexander. "Die Arbeit mit dem Team." In Scrum Master 2.0, 49–68. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446468764.007.

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Loitsch, Alexander. "Die ersten Tage mit dem neuen Team." In Scrum Master 2.0, 37–48. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446468764.006.

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Didwania, Aashish K., Erin D. Unger, Debi L. Mitra, and William C. McGaghie. "Mastery Learning of Team Skills." In Comprehensive Healthcare Simulation: Mastery Learning in Health Professions Education, 191–208. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34811-3_11.

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Tizikara, Clesensio, Paul Nampala, David Nielson, Nienke Beintema, Patrick Okori, and John Lynam. "Transformative research and innovation capacity in tertiary agricultural education in Africa." In Transforming tertiary agricultural education in Africa, 135–55. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789246544.0008.

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Abstract This chapter first outlines the rationale for and necessary components of strategies to transform agricultural research capacity in African countries. Thereafter, the discussion focuses on strategic approaches to the transformation of research and innovation capacity in tertiary agricultural education (TAE) through the development of graduate (i.e. master's and doctoral) programmes. Such developments form a strong argument for increasing universities' role in national agricultural innovation systems. The final section explores an effective division of labour between TAE institutions and national agricultural research institutes in the production of new technical advances driving agricultural development.
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Goodsell, Charles T. Goodsell. "HOWARD W. GLENN, Drainage Master: Coaching a Team That Must Win." In Public Servants Studied in Image and Essay: A Fanfare for the Common Bureaucrat, 46–54. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks California 91320: CQ Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781483396316.n11.

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Sulbaran, Tulio. "Evaluating the Comprehension of Construction Schedules of an Artificial Intelligence." In CONVR 2023 - Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Construction Applications of Virtual Reality, 545–52. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0289-3.53.

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Construction schedules are an important tool to communicate with the project stakeholders and are critical for the project management team to plan, coordinate, and manage construction projects. Each construction project has a unique schedule that is created based on the construction drawings, specifications, contracting requirements, construction methods, and the judgment of the project management team. Therefore, each construction schedule is unique in many aspects such as the number of activities, the names of the activities, the duration of those activities, and the relationship between the activities. The names of the activities are of particular interest as they are the critical core unit to creating the schedule. Furthermore, the activities are the ones that bring together all other aspects of the schedule. Unfortunately, there is no standard naming conversion for those activities and they vary from project to project as well as from project management team to project management team. This inconsistency of the activity name makes it extremely challenging for both humans and machines to understand the meaning and scope of the activities. Thus, the problem that this paper addresses is the challenge faced by machines to comprehend the activities of a construction schedule. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to evaluate the ability of an Artificial Intelligence (AI) implementation to comprehend activities in a construction schedule. This research was conducted following a mixed research method. The AI implementation training was done by providing the Construction Specifications Institute (CSI) Master Format activity list to a Sentence Transformer. Then the AI was given the task of interpreting the activities of a construction schedule according to the 50 Divisions of the CSI Master Format. A group of senior construction students was also given the same interpretation task. The evaluation was done by comparing the results of the AI vs the humans for each of the activities in the construction schedule. The result was that the AI has 0.56 accuracy, 0.50 precision, 0.85 recall and, 0.64 F1 Score. This result is very promising and it supports further research to refine the AI to increase its ability to comprehend construction schedule activities. Upon achieving a higher level of comprehension an AI could be used to assist humans in the preparation of construction schedules or perhaps prepare drafts of the construction schedules for the human to review
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Sulbaran, Tulio. "Evaluating the Comprehension of Construction Schedules of an Artificial Intelligence." In CONVR 2023 - Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Construction Applications of Virtual Reality, 545–52. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/10.36253/979-12-215-0289-3.53.

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Construction schedules are an important tool to communicate with the project stakeholders and are critical for the project management team to plan, coordinate, and manage construction projects. Each construction project has a unique schedule that is created based on the construction drawings, specifications, contracting requirements, construction methods, and the judgment of the project management team. Therefore, each construction schedule is unique in many aspects such as the number of activities, the names of the activities, the duration of those activities, and the relationship between the activities. The names of the activities are of particular interest as they are the critical core unit to creating the schedule. Furthermore, the activities are the ones that bring together all other aspects of the schedule. Unfortunately, there is no standard naming conversion for those activities and they vary from project to project as well as from project management team to project management team. This inconsistency of the activity name makes it extremely challenging for both humans and machines to understand the meaning and scope of the activities. Thus, the problem that this paper addresses is the challenge faced by machines to comprehend the activities of a construction schedule. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to evaluate the ability of an Artificial Intelligence (AI) implementation to comprehend activities in a construction schedule. This research was conducted following a mixed research method. The AI implementation training was done by providing the Construction Specifications Institute (CSI) Master Format activity list to a Sentence Transformer. Then the AI was given the task of interpreting the activities of a construction schedule according to the 50 Divisions of the CSI Master Format. A group of senior construction students was also given the same interpretation task. The evaluation was done by comparing the results of the AI vs the humans for each of the activities in the construction schedule. The result was that the AI has 0.56 accuracy, 0.50 precision, 0.85 recall and, 0.64 F1 Score. This result is very promising and it supports further research to refine the AI to increase its ability to comprehend construction schedule activities. Upon achieving a higher level of comprehension an AI could be used to assist humans in the preparation of construction schedules or perhaps prepare drafts of the construction schedules for the human to review
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Balogh, W., A. Berinstain, S. Challis, P. Clerc, M. Davis, I. M. De Angelis, C. De Matos, et al. "Space of Service to Humanity: Master of Space Studies 1995/96 Team Design Project Proposal Summary." In Space of Service to Humanity, 91–94. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5692-9_11.

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Thomas, R. "Preface to the Proposal Summary of the 1995/96 Master of Space Studies (MSS) Team Design Project." In Space of Service to Humanity, 89. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5692-9_10.

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Spiegler, Simone V., Daniel Graziotin, Christoph Heinecke, and Stefan Wagner. "A Quantitative Exploration of the 9-Factor Theory: Distribution of Leadership Roles Between Scrum Master and Agile Team." In Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, 162–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49392-9_11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Tea masters"

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Voytishek, E. E., A. V. Zinchenko, and Yao Song. "“Ten virtues of incense” in Buddhist Tradition of China and Japan." In IV Международный научный форум "Наследие". SB RAS, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/978-5-6049863-7-0-10-30.

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This article is based on the text known as “Ten Virtues of Incense” (香十德 Xiang shí de) written during the Song dynasty (960–1279). In this text, the fundamental functions of incense, manifesting in everyday life and Buddhist ceremonies, are listed in a metaphorical form. This short text, consisting only of 40 Chinese characters, over time, has become one of the fundamental works of traditional Chinese and Japanese culture, exerting its influence on the Chan and Zen practices of Buddhist masters, as well as on the arts of tea and incense. The question of authorship adds extra intrigue to the phenomenon of this text’s diffusion within East Asian culture: its creation is attributed to the Chinese poet Huang Tingjian (黃庭堅, 1045–1105) as well as to the Japanese Zen master Ikkyū Sōjun (一休宗純, 1394– 1484), and their fellow disciples who played a significant role in the development of tea and olfactory practices, poetry, calligraphy, and painting. Their artworks should also be considered within the context of the Chan/Zen religious philosophy and the Buddhist artistic tradition of the Five Mountains.
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Pailman, Whitney, and Jiska De Groot. "Curriculum transformation to address the Sustainable Development Goals: A holistic approach for embedding gender in higher education." In Seventh International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head21.2021.12977.

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To better prepare a new generation of practitioners and thought leaders to meet the complex challenges highlighted in the sustainable development goals (SDGs), innovation is needed in the design and delivery of degree programmes. Gender inclusion and diversity are increasingly recognised as key tenets of Education for Sustainable Development. Energy access education in Africa provides an excellent context in which to explore ways of delivering gender inclusive Masters programmes and the curriculum transformations needed to address the dual challenges of SDG7 (energy access) and SDG 5 (gender equality). This paper explores the evolving context of gender mainstreaming in energy access education at Institutions of Higher Learning (IHLs) in Africa, drawing on a desktop study and interviews with 8 African Universities in the Transforming Energy Access Learning Partnership (TEA-LP). The paper calls for the adoption of a more holistic approach to mainstreaming gender in energy access education at IHLs, encompassing curriculum content, teaching methods, learning environments and the broader institutional enabling environment.
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Salin, Hannes, Felix Albrecht, and John Skov. "The Power of Scrum Mastery: An Analysis of Agile Team Performance and Scrum Master Influence." In 18th International Conference on Software Technologies. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0012083600003538.

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Kim, Yong Se. "TEAM BASED PROJECTS FOR MASTERS DEGREE THESIS IN DESIGN EDUCATION." In 24th International Conference on Engineering and Product Design Education. The Design Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35199/epde.2022.119.

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Craig, Kevin, and Philip Voglewede. "Multidisciplinary Engineering Systems Graduate Education: Master of Engineering in Mechatronics." In 2010 IEEE Transforming Engineering Education: Creating Interdisciplinary Skills for Complex Global Environments. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tee.2010.5508819.

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García Galán, Ramiro, Isabel Ortiz Marcos, and Rafael Molina Sanchez. "NON-DIRECTIVE TEAM COACHING TO ENHANCE TEAM EFFECTIVENESS IN ENGINEERING MASTER STUDENTS." In 17th International Technology, Education and Development Conference. IATED, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/inted.2023.0535.

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Schreurs, D., Z. Marinkovic, and G. Crupi. "Team projects for ICT master students: Evaluation and case studies." In TELSIKS 2011 - 2011 10th International Conference on Telecommunication in Modern Satellite, Cable and Broadcasting Services. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/telsks.2011.6112070.

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Suda, Akira, and Hideo Tashiro. "Wide band, fine tuning of a TEA CO2 laser by means of intracavity active frequency shift." In The European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_europe.1994.cml3.

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High-pressure CO2 lasers are capable of producing intense beams with continuous frequency tunability in the 9µm and 10µm bands. The linewidth, however, amounts in general to several GHz with multilongitudinal-mode oscillations.1 Although injection locking is widely applied to narrow the linewidth in various lasers, this technique is effective only at the wavelength near the line centers in the high-pressure CO2 lasers because of the lack of a suitable master oscillator for providing tunable injection beams.
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Richardson, Anthony. "PeaceMaker: Using an online educational game on Middle East politics as an ‘Object To Think With’ (OTTW) in a Masters-level Public Policy course." In Te Puna Aurei LearnFest 2022. Cardiff University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18573/conf2.h.

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Teaching causality in complex adaptive systems to tertiary students poses dual challenges: presenting key concepts like tipping points, emergence, nonlinearity, path dependency, and feedback; and then guiding students to grasp the uncertainties these entail for policy and decision-making. While the pedagogical value of educational games is increasingly recognised, there is little consensus on underlying learning theories or game design principles. In particular, as traditional behaviourist approaches do not address the implications of complex systems, the author (teaching a Masters-level Public Policy course) used the Israeli/Palestinian politics game, PeaceMaker, in a more constructivist approach that understands games as 'objects-to-think-with' (OTTWs).
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Kretschmer, D., J. Odgers, and A. DeChamplain. "Combustion Within Gas Turbines: The Laval University Approach." In ASME 1996 Turbo Asia Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-ta-046.

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A pragmatic approach is a major feature of the training of combustion engineers at Laval. An introduction is given in a second year thermodynamic course and (optionally) this is enhanced by a theoretical course and a design course. At the graduate level advanced theory is studied, together with a ‘hands-on’ experiment. Theses subjects are available at both Masters and Doctorate levels.
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Reports on the topic "Tea masters"

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Adams, Elizabeth. Writing a Narrative CV. Edited by Sandra Oza. University of Dundee, December 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.20933/100001295.

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This workbook guides you through reflective questions to help you with a narrative CV. What you write here will probably be much longer than the word or space limit that you will ultimately have in a grant or Fellowship application. It’s important that you read the call guidance each time. Think of this as your ‘master’ narrative CV document. When it comes to writing the one for the actual application, you will be pulling out the key bits of information which support you to demonstrate that you are the right person (or part of the right team), with a unique set of experiences, to be able to deliver the grant you are applying to. The examples here are written from an ECR or PGR perspective but every answer will be unique.
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Vance, Samuel, Thomas Carlson, Juan Davila-Perez, and Dominique Gilbert. Deconstruction feasibility assessment of warehouse district facilities at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/43120.

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The U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (ERDC-CERL) and Fort Leonard Wood, MO, are in the sixth year of efforts to plan and implement a program in support of installation sustainability. As part of this effort, ERDC-CERL personnel supported the Fort Leonard Wood Directorate of Public Works (DPW) by conducting a deconstruction assessment of multiple buildings in the warehouse district. The project delivery team visited Fort Leonard Wood in April 2017 to conduct quantity take-offs of the buildings. An abbreviated interim report that focused exclusively on Bldgs. 2338 and 2339 was provided to the Chief, Master Planning Branch, at that time. These two buildings were representative of the majority of the buildings in the assessment and thus became the model that we describe in detail in the sections below. Differences between the other warehouses and the model are discussed. Several buildings that had configurations different from that of the model were evaluated independently.
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Моісеєнко, Наталя Володимирівна, Михайло Вікторович Моісеєнко, Владислав Сергійович Кузнецов, Богдан Альбертович Ростальний, and Арнольд Юхимович Ків. Teaching computer game development with Unity engine: a case study. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, September 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/8486.

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Computer game development is a popular and engaging topic that can motivate students to learn various aspects of software engineering, such as design, programming, testing, and teamwork. However, there is a lack of research on how to effectively teach this topic in the context of secondary education. In this paper, we present our experience of designing and delivering a course on computer game development for master’s students in the specialty 014.09 Secondary education (Informatics) at the Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University. We describe the objectives, content, software tools, and teaching methods of the course, as well as the challenges and outcomes of its implementation. We also evaluate the course using a framework proposed by Ritzhaupt based on student feedback and learning outcomes. Our results show that the course was successful in achieving its goals and enhancing students’ knowledge and skills in game development. We also identify some areas for improvement and provide recommendations for future iterations of the course. We conclude that Unity Engine is a suitable platform for teaching game development in secondary education, as it offers a low barrier to entry, a rich set of features, a cross-platform compatibility, and a wide adoption in the game industry. We also argue that a team-based approach is beneficial for fostering collaboration and creativity among students.
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Uche, Chidi, Zita Ekeocha, Stephen Robert Byrn, and Kari L. Clase. Retrospective Study of Inspectors Competency in the Act of Writing GMP Inspection Report. Purdue University, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317445.

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The research was a retrospective study of twenty-five Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) inspection reports (from March 2017 through to December 2018) of a national medicine regulatory agency, drug Inspectorate, in West Africa, designed to assess the inspectors’ expertise in the act of inspection report writing. The investigation examined a paper-based tool of thirteen pre-registration Inspection reports and twelve GMP reassessment reports written prior and following an intervention program by external GMP trainers to enhance inspectors’ skill in pharmaceutical cGMP inspection. The study made use of quantitative analysis to investigate each team’s expertise in the act of writing GMP inspection report. Likewise, each report’s compliance with the requirements of three regulatory standards on GMP inspection report writing was ascertained. Impact of intervention program on lead inspectors’ competence was assessed. Lastly, gap in each team writing effectiveness, and lead inspectors’ abilities to deliver an effective report were determined. The results showed one of the inspection team (4.0%) wrote an excellent report. Two (8.0%) of the twenty-five inspection teams penned good inspection reports. Eleven (44.0%) teams drafted needs improvement reports and the remaining eleven teams (44.0%) prepared unacceptable reports. The excellent report and the two good reports had report format that meet expectation. One (50.0%) of the good reports showed the authors possess excellent knowledge of cGMP technical areas. The remain good report (50.0%) revealed the writers’ knowledge.as good. The excellent report showed the authors displayed partial mastery in the use of objective evidence while the two good reports disclosed theirs as having partial and evolving abilities. One of the teams (50.0%) that wrote good reports displayed good use of third person narrative past tense in report writing whereas the other team used the same tense and voice excellently. Generally, a sort of marginal level of performance was prominent among the inspection teams. A gap, if not tackled, will slow down regulatory process through increase report review, litigations that query report factual accuracy (AIHO, 2017) and delay in issuance of marketing authorization. In conclusion, trainings on quality attributes, such as technical content (Quality Management System (QMS) and Site), the use of objective evidence, assignment of risk levels to GMP violations and citing of applicable laws, regulation and guidelines that substantiate GMP observations, were recommended, to enhance knowledge sharing and regulators’ performance in the act of writing inspection report.
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Kibler, Amanda, René Pyatt, Jason Greenberg Motamedi, and Ozen Guven. Key Competencies in Linguistically and Culturally Sustaining Mentoring and Instruction for Clinically-based Grow-Your-Own Teacher Education Programs. Oregon State University, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5399/osu/1147.

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Grow-Your-Own (GYO) Teacher Education programs that aim to diversify and strengthen the teacher workforce must provide high-quality learning experiences that support the success and retention of Black, Indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC) teacher candidates and bilingual teacher candidates. Such work requires a holistic and systematic approach to conceptualizing instruction and mentoring that is both linguistically and culturally sustaining. To guide this work in the Master of Arts in Teaching in Clinically Based Elementary program at Oregon State University’s College of Education, we conducted a review of relevant literature and frameworks related to linguistically responsive and/or sustaining teaching or mentoring practices. We developed a set of ten mentoring competencies for school-based cooperating/clinical teachers and university supervisors. They are grouped into the domains of: Facilitating Linguistically and Culturally Sustaining Instruction, Engaging with Mentees, Recognizing and Interrupting Inequitable Practices and Policies, and Advocating for Equity. We also developed a set of twelve instructional competencies for teacher candidates as well as the university instructors who teach them. The instructional competencies are grouped into the domains of: Engaging in Self-reflection and Taking Action, Learning About Students and Re-visioning Instruction, Creating Community, and Facilitating Language and Literacy Development in Context. We are currently operationalizing these competencies to develop and conduct surveys and focus groups with various GYO stakeholders for the purposes of ongoing program evaluation and improvement, as well as further refinement of these competencies.
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Khairulin, Alexander, Vladimir Blinkov, Lyubov Lagunova, Olga Sapozhnikova, Evgeny Byzov, Irina Freifeld, Oleg Malozemov, et al. Electronic training course "Theoretical foundations of physical culture". SIB-Expertise, January 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/er0788.29012024.

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The electronic training course “Theoretical Foundations of Physical Culture” contains fifteen topics that allow students to understand: the basic concepts of physical culture (PC) and sports; its role in general cultural and professional training; socio-biological foundations of PC; the role of motor activity for modern man; the basics of a healthy lifestyle; means of PC in the regulation of life activity; basics of general physical and sports training; the basics of the theory and methodology of physical education; the basics of methods for organizing and conducting independent physical education and recreational activities; the basics of self-control and functional diagnostics during physical education classes; professional and applied physical training of university students; basics of health PC; doping problems in sports activities; the basics of massage and its connection with PC; information on sports injuries; basics of adaptive PC The content of each topic includes a lecture part, designed in the form of an illustrated test with hyperlinks, a presentation on the lecture, a practical assignment on the material of the topic, as well as a test assignment (of ten questions) on the topic. The final control of students' completion of the course is carried out by sequential study of topics (all or several, depending on the curriculum of the specialty) and the accumulation of at least 70% of correct answers on control tests. In addition to the lecture material and practical assignments, the electronic training course contains information necessary for students to master the educational material in a high-quality manner, in the form of additional reference (glossary) and educational literature previously published by the authors of this course. The structure and content of the electronic course complies with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard for the academic discipline “Physical Culture and Sports”, as well as the requirements of the USMU for the structure and content for this educational tool.
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Prudkov, Mikhail, Vasily Ermolaev, Elena Shurygina, and Eduard Mikaelyan. Electronic educational resource "Hospital Surgery for 5th year students of the Faculty of Pediatrics". SIB-Expertise, January 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/er0780.29012024.

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Electronic educational resourc was created for independent work of 5th year students of the pediatric faculty in the study of the discipline "Hospital Surgery". The possibility of control by the teacher is provided. This EER includes an introductory module, a topic module, and a quality assessment module. The structure of each topic in the EER (there are 19 topics in total) consists of the following sections: educational and methodological tasks on the topic, abstract of the topic, control tests on the topic, clinical situational tasks on the topic and a list of references. The section "Summary of the topic" at the moment can be presented in the form of a text file, or a presentation, or a video lecture, or a monograph by the staff of the department, etc. This section is gradually updated with new materials. The section "Control tests on the topic" is designed to control the teacher for the independent work of students and contains 15 tests, the solution of which is given 10 minutes and two attempts, a passing result for crediting 71% of correct answers. The section "Clinical situational tasks" serves for self-control of the student in mastering the topic - if he understood the content of the task, made a preliminary diagnosis and knows the tactics of managing the patient, the topic is mastered. There are ten clinical situational tasks for each topic, students receive different versions of tasks. In addition, the EER has a "Final test control" section, which contains test tasks from all topics of practical classes. The program randomly generates a final test of 30 tasks, 20 minutes are allotted for solving, the student has the right to two attempts. More than 71% of correct answers are counted.
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Shpigel, Nahum, Raul Barletta, Ilan Rosenshine, and Marcelo Chaffer. Identification and characterization of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis virulence genes expressed in vivo by negative selection. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7696510.bard.

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Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the etiological agent of a severe inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in ruminants, known as Johne’s disease or paratuberculosis. Johne’s disease is considered to be one of the most serious diseases affecting dairy cattle both in Israel and worldwide. Heavy economic losses are incurred by dairy farmers due to the severe effect of subclinical infection on milk production, fertility, lower disease resistance and early culling. Its influence in the United States alone is staggering, causing an estimated loss of $1.5 billion to the agriculture industry every year. Isolation of MAP from intestinal tissue and blood of Crohn's patients has lead to concern that it plays a potential pathogenic role in promoting human IDB including Crohn’s disease. There is great concern following the identification of the organism in animal products and shedding of the organism to the environment by subclinically infected animals. Little is known about the molecular basis for MAP virulence. The goal of the original proposed research was to identify MAP genes that are required for the critical stage of initial infection and colonization of ruminants’ intestine by MAP. We proposed to develop and use signature tag mutagenesis (STM) screen to find MAP genes that are specifically required for survival in ruminants upon experimental infection. This research projected was approved as one-year feasibility study to prove the ability of the research team to establish the animal model for mutant screening and alternative in-vitro cell systems. In Israel, neonatal goat kids were repeatedly inoculated with either one of the following organisms; MAP K-10 strain and three transposon mutants of K-10 which were produced and screened by the US PI. Six months after the commencement of inoculation we have necropsied the goats and taken multiple tissue samples from the jejunum, ileum and mesenteric lymph nodes. Both PCR and histopathology analysis indicated on efficient MAP colonization of all the inoculated animals. We have established several systems in the Israeli PI’s laboratory; these include using IS900 PCR for the identification of MAP and using HSP65-based PCR for the differentiation between MAV and MAP. We used Southern blot analysis for the differentiation among transposon mutants of K-10. In addition the Israeli PI has set up a panel of in-vitro screening systems for MAP mutants. These include assays to test adhesion, phagocytosis and survival of MAP to/within macrophages, assays that determine the rate of MAPinduced apoptosis of macrophages and MAP-induced NO production by macrophages, and assays testing the interference with T cell ã Interferon production and T cell proliferation by MAP infected macrophages (macrophage studies were done in BoMac and RAW cell lines, mouse peritoneal macrophages and bovine peripheral blood monocytes derived macrophages, respectively). All partners involved in this project feel that we are currently on track with this novel, highly challenging and ambitious research project. We have managed to establish the above described research systems that will clearly enable us to achieve the original proposed scientific objectives. We have proven ourselves as excellent collaborative groups with very high levels of complementary expertise. The Israeli groups were very fortunate to work with the US group and in a very short time period to master numerous techniques in the field of Mycobacterium research. The Israeli group has proven its ability to run this complicated animal model. This research, if continued, may elucidate new and basic aspects related to the pathogenesis MAP. In addition the work may identify new targets for vaccine and drug development. Considering the possibility that MAP might be a cause of human Crohn’s disease, better understanding of virulence mechanisms of this organism might also be of public health interest as well.
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Galili, Naftali, Roger P. Rohrbach, Itzhak Shmulevich, Yoram Fuchs, and Giora Zauberman. Non-Destructive Quality Sensing of High-Value Agricultural Commodities Through Response Analysis. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7570549.bard.

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The objectives of this project were to develop nondestructive methods for detection of internal properties and firmness of fruits and vegetables. One method was based on a soft piezoelectric film transducer developed in the Technion, for analysis of fruit response to low-energy excitation. The second method was a dot-matrix piezoelectric transducer of North Carolina State University, developed for contact-pressure analysis of fruit during impact. Two research teams, one in Israel and the other in North Carolina, coordinated their research effort according to the specific objectives of the project, to develop and apply the two complementary methods for quality control of agricultural commodities. In Israel: An improved firmness testing system was developed and tested with tropical fruits. The new system included an instrumented fruit-bed of three flexible piezoelectric sensors and miniature electromagnetic hammers, which served as fruit support and low-energy excitation device, respectively. Resonant frequencies were detected for determination of firmness index. Two new acoustic parameters were developed for evaluation of fruit firmness and maturity: a dumping-ratio and a centeroid of the frequency response. Experiments were performed with avocado and mango fruits. The internal damping ratio, which may indicate fruit ripeness, increased monotonically with time, while resonant frequencies and firmness indices decreased with time. Fruit samples were tested daily by destructive penetration test. A fairy high correlation was found in tropical fruits between the penetration force and the new acoustic parameters; a lower correlation was found between this parameter and the conventional firmness index. Improved table-top firmness testing units, Firmalon, with data-logging system and on-line data analysis capacity have been built. The new device was used for the full-scale experiments in the next two years, ahead of the original program and BARD timetable. Close cooperation was initiated with local industry for development of both off-line and on-line sorting and quality control of more agricultural commodities. Firmalon units were produced and operated in major packaging houses in Israel, Belgium and Washington State, on mango and avocado, apples, pears, tomatoes, melons and some other fruits, to gain field experience with the new method. The accumulated experimental data from all these activities is still analyzed, to improve firmness sorting criteria and shelf-life predicting curves for the different fruits. The test program in commercial CA storage facilities in Washington State included seven apple varieties: Fuji, Braeburn, Gala, Granny Smith, Jonagold, Red Delicious, Golden Delicious, and D'Anjou pear variety. FI master-curves could be developed for the Braeburn, Gala, Granny Smith and Jonagold apples. These fruits showed a steady ripening process during the test period. Yet, more work should be conducted to reduce scattering of the data and to determine the confidence limits of the method. Nearly constant FI in Red Delicious and the fluctuations of FI in the Fuji apples should be re-examined. Three sets of experiment were performed with Flandria tomatoes. Despite the complex structure of the tomatoes, the acoustic method could be used for firmness evaluation and to follow the ripening evolution with time. Close agreement was achieved between the auction expert evaluation and that of the nondestructive acoustic test, where firmness index of 4.0 and more indicated grade-A tomatoes. More work is performed to refine the sorting algorithm and to develop a general ripening scale for automatic grading of tomatoes for the fresh fruit market. Galia melons were tested in Israel, in simulated export conditions. It was concluded that the Firmalon is capable of detecting the ripening of melons nondestructively, and sorted out the defective fruits from the export shipment. The cooperation with local industry resulted in development of automatic on-line prototype of the acoustic sensor, that may be incorporated with the export quality control system for melons. More interesting is the development of the remote firmness sensing method for sealed CA cool-rooms, where most of the full-year fruit yield in stored for off-season consumption. Hundreds of ripening monitor systems have been installed in major fruit storage facilities, and being evaluated now by the consumers. If successful, the new method may cause a major change in long-term fruit storage technology. More uses of the acoustic test method have been considered, for monitoring fruit maturity and harvest time, testing fruit samples or each individual fruit when entering the storage facilities, packaging house and auction, and in the supermarket. This approach may result in a full line of equipment for nondestructive quality control of fruits and vegetables, from the orchard or the greenhouse, through the entire sorting, grading and storage process, up to the consumer table. The developed technology offers a tool to determine the maturity of the fruits nondestructively by monitoring their acoustic response to mechanical impulse on the tree. A special device was built and preliminary tested in mango fruit. More development is needed to develop a portable, hand operated sensing method for this purpose. In North Carolina: Analysis method based on an Auto-Regressive (AR) model was developed for detecting the first resonance of fruit from their response to mechanical impulse. The algorithm included a routine that detects the first resonant frequency from as many sensors as possible. Experiments on Red Delicious apples were performed and their firmness was determined. The AR method allowed the detection of the first resonance. The method could be fast enough to be utilized in a real time sorting machine. Yet, further study is needed to look for improvement of the search algorithm of the methods. An impact contact-pressure measurement system and Neural Network (NN) identification method were developed to investigate the relationships between surface pressure distributions on selected fruits and their respective internal textural qualities. A piezoelectric dot-matrix pressure transducer was developed for the purpose of acquiring time-sampled pressure profiles during impact. The acquired data was transferred into a personal computer and accurate visualization of animated data were presented. Preliminary test with 10 apples has been performed. Measurement were made by the contact-pressure transducer in two different positions. Complementary measurements were made on the same apples by using the Firmalon and Magness Taylor (MT) testers. Three-layer neural network was designed. 2/3 of the contact-pressure data were used as training input data and corresponding MT data as training target data. The remaining data were used as NN checking data. Six samples randomly chosen from the ten measured samples and their corresponding Firmalon values were used as the NN training and target data, respectively. The remaining four samples' data were input to the NN. The NN results consistent with the Firmness Tester values. So, if more training data would be obtained, the output should be more accurate. In addition, the Firmness Tester values do not consistent with MT firmness tester values. The NN method developed in this study appears to be a useful tool to emulate the MT Firmness test results without destroying the apple samples. To get more accurate estimation of MT firmness a much larger training data set is required. When the larger sensitive area of the pressure sensor being developed in this project becomes available, the entire contact 'shape' will provide additional information and the neural network results would be more accurate. It has been shown that the impact information can be utilized in the determination of internal quality factors of fruit. Until now,
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User’s Guide on the Selection of Consulting Services for Borrowers: Standard Request for Proposals. Asian Development Bank, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/tim220109-2.

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This User’s Guide is intended to provide guidance to borrowers on how to prepare a bidding document for the procurement of consulting services using the Asian Development Bank’s Standard Request for Proposal (SRFP). The procedures and practices presented in the SRFP have been developed based on international experience and on the Master Procurement Document for Selection of Consultants (Master Document) prepared by multilateral development banks and other public international financial institutions. They are structured according to and contain the provisions of the Master Document, except where ADB-specific considerations have required a change. The SRFP must be used for the procurement of consulting services for loans, grants, and delegated technical assistance (TA) financed in whole or in part by ADB or by ADB-administered funds unless ADB agrees to the use of other acceptable standard bidding documents.
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