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Alzahrani, Hamdan M. "Developing a model for assessing the effect of physical indoor environment quality on teachers' performance in Saudi education buildings." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/621725.
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The nature and quality of the built learning environment affect occupants' comfort, wellbeing and performance. Within the broad range of studies of the physical indoor environment reported in the literature, there are several which have focused on the effects of these environmental conditions on the comfort and physical health of students and teachers, while the main consideration in others is the organizational health of the school. The parameters, which are measured often concern the state and condition of the physical environment. Categories of building features, which appear to influence comfort, health and wellbeing, include thermal sensation, acoustics, lighting, air quality, classroom equipment, learning resources and other aspects of the teachers' workspace. Those components of the physical of indoor environment, which are considered to most strongly affect occupants' comfort, wellbeing and performance, are subject to sets of standards. The aim of this study is to elucidate the association between the indoor environmental quality (IEQ) of educational buildings and teachers' performance. Following a comprehensive review of the literature on the effects of IEQ on teachers' comfort, wellbeing and performance, a case study was conducted in which physical measurements were made of a range of indoor environmental variables in the classrooms of a technical college in Saudi Arabia, during lessons. At the same time, the teachers of those classes were asked to complete a questionnaire designed to investigate the quality of the indoor environment and explore teacher performance. An artificial neural network was then used to create an assessment model in order to test the hypothesis that the quality of the indoor physical environment in educational buildings is related to teacher performance and to predict future data. This research makes both academic and practical contributions to the study of the relationship between IEQ and teachers' performance. The findings of this research will be used as a primary knowledge resource for future researches and to identify initial IEQ parameters and tools for further in-depth studies. In practical terms, it offers standards to help designers to consider the importance of IEQ and its impact on building users.
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Hill, David T. "Measuring information-oriented productivity and performance." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/44648.
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This research attempts to answer the question of how to measure the performance of management tools. This study integrates qualitative and quantitative research by developing a set of definitions and a set of indicators for information-oriented performance measurement and by validating the indicators with a statistical analysis. Criteria for measuring organizational system performance are borrowed from Sink (1985) and operationalized for measuring information-oriented performance. The operational measures are applied to a set of information documents. The documents are evaluated by four different groups of subjects. The evaluations are compared to the calculations from the operational measures to address the validity of the measures. The evaluations support the productivity, input quality, and output quality measures. The evaluations don't support the efficiency and effectiveness measures. Further refinement of the validation procedures is suggested before further refinement of the performance measures. This research makes two general contributions: a foundation for further development of performance measures for management tools and recommendations for future research.<br>Master of Science
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Nande, Florence. "Identités multiples d'un salarié, bien-être au travail et performance individuelle au travail : une étude auprès des enseignants-chercheurs de l'Université Française." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTD010.
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Le salarié d’aujourd’hui ne se définit plus seulement par son travail mais par rapport à toutes les expériences qu’il peut vivre. Il possède des identités multiples, issues de toutes les sphères de la vie et ces identités influencent ses actions et ont des conséquences sur son comportement. L’objectif de cette recherche est de comprendre comment les identités multiples d’un salarié interfèrent avec le contexte organisationnel (ressources et exigences) et quelles en sont les conséquences en termes de bien-être et de performance au travail. Pour cela, en s’appuyant sur la théorie de la conservation des ressources (Hobfoll, 1989), trois études empiriques ont été menées auprès d’une population d’enseignants-chercheurs d’Universités Françaises. Plusieurs contributions se dégagent de ces travaux. Premièrement, la nature du rôle médiateur des ressources dans la relation entre identités multiples, bien-être ou performance au travail a été montrée. Celle modératrice des exigences contextuelles également. Deuxièmement, cette recherche contribue à une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes identitaires en jeu. Une typologie des stratégies identitaires mises en place par le salarié en réponse aux signaux de son environnement est proposée. La structuration en réseau des identités multiples, hypothèse formulée par Ramarajan (2014) est également mise en exergue. Ainsi, dans un contexte organisationnel, le salarié est soumis aux signaux de son environnement, émanant des ressources et des exigences, qui constituent pour lui une menace ou une opportunité identitaire. En réponse, il met en place des stratégies pour contrer la menace ou saisir l’opportunité. Suivant le résultat de ces stratégies et la structure du réseau d’identités que l’individu possède, la menace ou l’opportunité identitaire peuvent se propager via le réseau dans le réservoir de ressources de l’individu provoquant spirales de perte ou de gain de ressources avec des conséquences sur son bien-être et sa performance individuelle au travail<br>The employees are not anymore defined by the work they accomplish, but also by the experiences they live. They have multiple identities from several spheres of life, and these identities influence their actions, and by extension have consequences on their behaviour. The aim of this research is to understand how multiple identities of an employee interfere with the organisational context (resources and exigences), and what the consequences are in term of workplace well-being and individual performance. In that line, three studies based on the resources conservation theory (Hobfoll, 1989) have been conducted with teacher-researchers. This thesis generated several contributions. First, the nature of the mediator role of resources in the relation between multiple identities, workplace well-being and individual performance have been shown. The moderator role for exigences also. Second, this research contributes to a better understanding of identity mechanism in game. A typology of identity strategies elaborated by employees in responses to their environmental signals are suggested. The network structure of multiple identities, a hypothesis expressed by Ramarajan (2014) is also verified. In that sense, in an organisational context, the employee is subjected to environmental signals (from resources and exigences) which establish for them an identity threat or an identity opportunity. In response, they build strategies. According to the results of these strategies, and the identity network structure of the person, the identity threat or identity opportunity can spread via the network within the resources reservoir of the person, generating gain or loss spiral of resources, with consequences on workplace well-being and individual performance
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Powell, Robert A. II (Robert Andre). "Productivity performance of US passenger airlines since deregulation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/74472.
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Thesis (S.M. in Transportation)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2012.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 97-98).<br>To evaluate US passenger airlines' productivity performance since the airline deregulation in 1978, this research measures and compares productivity at both the US airline industry and individual carrier levels. Productivity is measured at the aggregate airline industry level in terms of multifactor productivity (MFP), the ratio of a single output to a combination of inputs, in order to compare industry productivity over time from 1978 to 2009. In addition, productivity is measured at the disaggregate carrier level in terms of total factor productivity (TFP), the ratio of total outputs to total inputs, to compare productivity growth across airlines and over time from 1995 to 2010. Our key findings indicate US passenger airlines have experienced tremendous MFP improvements since deregulation despite periods of reduced productivity levels that coincide with exogenous factors that include economic recessions, fuel price spikes, and other unforeseen events. Cumulative MFP in terms of airline traffic (RPMs) and network capacity (ASMs) increased 191% and 117%, respectively, between 1978 and 2009. This implies, irrespective of output measure, US passenger airlines have at least doubled their productive abilities over the past three decades. If RPMs are used as the measure of output, productivity has almost tripled. Looking at individual US carriers' productivity, low-cost carriers achieved rapid TFP growth in the early 2000s before leveling off in the latter portion of the decade. The restructuring efforts of legacy carriers enabled them to improve their productivity growth in the latter part of the 2000s, although at a much lower rate than their low-cost counterparts. As of 2010, although low-cost carriers had a slight advantage in TFP levels, evidence of convergence exists, irrespective of carrier type. Regression analyses indicates, on average, low-cost carriers experienced higher TFP growth and network control variables such as average stage length, load factor, and block hours per day were important factors that help explain observed TFP differentials among carriers.<br>by Robert A. Powell II.<br>S.M.in Transportation
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Swahn, Henrik. "Pthreads and OpenMP : A performance and productivity study." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-12741.
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Today most computer have a multicore processor and are depending on parallel execution to be able to keep up with the demanding tasks that exist today, that forces developers to write software that can take advantage of multicore systems. There are multiple programming languages and frameworks that makes it possible to execute the code in parallel on different threads, this study looks at the performance and effort required to work with two of the frameworks that are available to the C programming language, POSIX Threads(Pthreads) and OpenMP. The performance is measured by paralleling three algorithms, Matrix multiplication, Quick Sort and calculation of the Mandelbrot set using both Pthreads and OpenMP, and comparing first against a sequential version and then the parallel version against each other. The effort required to modify the sequential program using OpenMP and Pthreads is measured in number of lines the final source code has. The results shows that OpenMP does perform better than Pthreads in Matrix Multiplication and Mandelbrot set calculation but not on Quick Sort because OpenMP has problem with recursion and Pthreads does not. OpenMP wins the effort required on all the tests but because there is a large performance difference between OpenMP and Pthreads on Quick Sort OpenMP cannot be recommended for paralleling Quick Sort or other recursive programs.
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Захарова, Ірина Вікторівна, Ирина Викторовна Захарова, and Iryna Viktorivna Zakharova. "Innovation performance for environmental and resource productivity estimating." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2006. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/8496.
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Toth, David M. "Improving the productivity of volunteer computing." Worcester, Mass. : Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 2008. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-031508-210647/.
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Chapman, Alisa Rouse William Arthur. "Teacher preparation cost study : a comparative analysis of UNC system-level financial inputs against campus-level productivity outputs." [Greenville, N.C.] : East Carolina University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10342/1888.
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Thesis (Ed.D.)--East Carolina University, 2009.<br>Presented to the faculty of the Department of Educational Leadership. Advisor: William Rouse, Jr. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Apr. 30, 2010). Includes bibliographical references.
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Naravane, Sayli. "Effect of industrial noise on occupational skill performance capability." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2009.
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Thesis (M.S.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Thomas J. Watson School of Engineering and Applied Science, Department of Systems Science and Industrial Engineering, 2009.<br>Includes bibliographical references.
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Al-Miman, Mansour A. "Productivity performance in the Saudi non-oil manufacturing industries." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488136.
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Peixoto, Adriano de Lemos Alves. "Management practices, productivity and performance in the hotel industry." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2008. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14512/.
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The research reported in this thesis investigates the impact of the effective use of management practices on performance and productivity in the hotel industry, a low skilled, labour intensive service activity, with an especial attention been paid to Human Resources practices. This research was motivated by a need to understand how service sector activities are organised for high-performance, acknowledging its importance to the economy in terms of number of employees and contribution to the GDP. This research stands in the confluence of two distinctive but complementary research traditions: one arising from HRM and the other from productivity studies.
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Bento, Ana Isabel Ramos. "Climate variation, plant productivity, herbivore performance and population dynamics." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/10476.
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Prediction is one of the hardest things in ecological science. Predicting the weather is one of the hardest things of all. This is what makes predicting the ecological consequences of climate change so exceptionally demanding. As a first step, we would like to understand the effects of weather variation on the behaviour of those ecological systems for which we have the best long-term data. The Park Grass Experiment at Rothamsted allows us to model the effects of the timing of rainfall and the accumulation of day-degrees in spring on primary productivity in an ungrazed grassland. I use the insights gained from this model to interpret the effects of weather variation in two classic long-term studies of plant-herbivore interactions: the Red Deer on Rum and the Soay Sheep on St Kilda. In both cases, direct effects of extreme weather on animal populations (“killing weather”) turn out to be much less important than weather-driven changes in plant production. Because most of the important effects of weather on animal population dynamics act via changes in food availability, it is the interaction between weather and population density that matters more than anything else, rather that weather effects alone. The same weather that would lead to mass starvation at high population densities, might have no measurable impact on animal performance when numbers were low. The analysis is focused on the following questions: which weather variables are most important; when do they have their most important effects; what effect sizes do they generate; and what is the shape of the relationship between the weather variable and the ecological response variable? The answers to these questions will help to guide subsequent analyses of demography and genetics on these two Hebridean Island systems.
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Sehrish, Saba. "IMPROVING PERFORMANCE AND PROGRAMMER PRODUCTIVITY FOR I/O-INTENSIVE HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING APPLICATIONS." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3300.
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Due to the explosive growth in the size of scientific data sets, data-intensive computing is an emerging trend in computational science. HPC applications are generating and processing large amount of data ranging from terabytes (TB) to petabytes (PB). This new trend of growth in data for HPC applications has imposed challenges as to what is an appropriate parallel programming framework to efficiently process large data sets. In this work, we study the applicability of two programming models (MPI/MPI-IO and MapReduce) to a variety of I/O-intensive HPC applications ranging from simulations to analytics. We identify several performance and programmer productivity related limitations of these existing programming models, if used for I/O-intensive applications. We propose new frameworks which will improve both performance and programmer productivity for the emerging I/O-intensive applications. Message Passing Interface (MPI) is widely used for writing HPC applications. MPI/MPI- IO allows a fine-grained control of assigning data and task distribution. At the programming frameworks level, various optimizations have been proposed to improve the performance of MPI/MPI-IO function calls. These performance optimizations are provided as various function options to the programmers. In order to write an efficient code, they are required to know the exact usage of the optimization functions, hence programmer productivity is limited. We propose an abstraction called Reduced Function Set Abstraction (RFSA) for MPI-IO to reduce the number of I/O functions and provide methods to automate the selection of appropriate I/O function for writing HPC simulation applications. The purpose of RFSA is to hide the performance optimization functions from the application developer, and relieve the application developer from deciding on a specific function. The proposed set of functions relies on a selection algorithm to decide among the most common optimizations provided by MPI-IO. Additionally, many application scientists are looking to integrate data-intensive computing into computational-intensive High Performance Computing facilities, particularly for data analytics. We have observed several scientific applications which must migrate their data from an HPC storage system to a data-intensive one. There is a gap between the data semantics of HPC storage and data-intensive system, hence, once migrated, the data must be further refined and reorganized. This reorganization must be performed before existing data-intensive tools such as MapReduce can be effectively used to analyze data. This reorganization requires at least two complete scans through the data set and then at least one MapReduce program to prepare the data before analyzing it. Running multiple MapReduce phases causes significant overhead for the application, in the form of excessive I/O operations. For every MapReduce application that must be run in order to complete the desired data analysis, a distributed read and write operation on the file system must be performed. Our contribution is to extend Map-Reduce to eliminate the multiple scans and also reduce the number of pre-processing MapReduce programs. We have added additional expressiveness to the MapReduce language in our novel framework called MapReduce with Access Patterns (MRAP), which allows users to specify the logical semantics of their data such that 1) the data can be analyzed without running multiple data pre-processing MapReduce programs, and 2) the data can be simultaneously reorganized as it is migrated to the data-intensive file system. We also provide a scheduling mechanism to further improve the performance of these applications. The main contributions of this thesis are, 1) We implement a selection algorithm for I/O functions like read/write, merge a set of functions for data types and file views and optimize the atomicity function by automating the locking mechanism in RFSA. By running different parallel I/O benchmarks on both medium-scale clusters and NERSC supercomputers, we show an improved programmer productivity (35.7% on average). This approach incurs an overhead of 2-5% for one particular optimization, and shows performance improvement of 17% when a combination of different optimizations is required by an application. 2) We provide an augmented Map-Reduce system (MRAP), which consist of an API and corresponding optimizations i.e. data restructuring and scheduling. We have demonstrated up to 33% throughput improvement in one real application (read-mapping in bioinformatics), and up to 70% in an I/O kernel of another application (halo catalogs analytics). Our scheduling scheme shows performance improvement of 18% for an I/O kernel of another application (QCD analytics).<br>Ph.D.<br>School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science<br>Engineering and Computer Science<br>Computer Engineering PhD
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Philo, Joel Richard. "An examination of team reactions to negative performance feedback and their relationship to team performance." Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1555.
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Despite the abundant research regarding individual-level feedback, few studies
examine team feedback, particularly the relationship between team feedback reactions and
organizational performance. Through a field study and a lab study, this paper examines two
reactions to team feedback, specifically blaming and strategizing, and their relationship to
team performance. Study 1 showed that both blaming and strategizing occur in about 1/3 of
team feedback meetings in an international sample of teams. Blaming was found to
negatively correlate with productivity improvement (r = -.59), whereas strategizing was
found to positively correlate with productivity improvement (r = .33). Study 2 was a lab
study conducted to addresses several of the limitations from Study 1. The results from Study
2 were mixed. Although the manipulation failed to differentiate the experimental conditions
in Study 2, post hoc correlational analyses showed a positive relationship between
strategizing and viability, and a negative relationship between excuse making and viability.
Correlational analyses also revealed a negative relationship between blaming or excuse
making and team cohesion. These results suggest further research is warranted in this area.
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McDowell, Craig R. "Exemplary teachers' perspectives on performance." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Educational Studies and Human Development, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2846.
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This study investigated exemplary teachers' perspectives on performance in order to
understand the complex human interactions that constituted teaching and learning of the
highest order. Theories explaining the complex nature of teacher excellence remain
limited. The purpose of this study was to shed some light on the notion of performance
from the perspective of exemplary teachers and answer key research questions: what are
exemplary teachers' perspectives on the notion of performance, and how do exemplary
teachers enact these perspectives?
The use of a case study research design allowed for a number of methods to be used to
explore the topic. Five teachers that had received National Excellence in Teaching
Awards were interviewed and observed. Two were videoed, and a group interview
concluded the data generation phase. Qualitative methodology was used to allow the
participants to describe, in their own context, how they perceived performance and to
provide further insight into the richness, complexity and range of teacher attitudes and
values. Perspectives revealed there was no single way of understanding performance;
rather this was determined to some extent by participants' worldview. The
phenomenological research approach used allowed participants to describe their
perspectives on performance in an open and enlightened way, thus successfully gaining
entry into their conceptual world.
The perspectives of exemplary teachers in this study revealed four key conceptual
themes as being relevant to the notion of performance: relationships and influences,
self-concept, reflection and renewal, and performance expectations. Prominent amongst
these findings was the conclusion that these teachers had an overwhelming passion for
learning and excellence in terms of expectations for themselves and the students they
taught, an ability to reflect in a self-critical and natural way, a genuine desire to interact
and engage with people, and above all, a caring disposition towards people and their
performance. These teachers saw themselves as learners, continuously developing, and
through a strong self-belief, changing as their knowledge changed. How and why they
made decisions was closely linked to their beliefs, assumptions and dispositions they
held. Participants' perspectives indicated that high performance expectations relied on
the relationship between these beliefs and attitudes, and students' achieving well, not
only academically, but also first and foremost, in all aspects of being a person.
Exemplary teachers in this study wanted to motivate students for life, to show their real
talent and potential.
In this study, exemplary teachers' perspectives on performance showed that they were
emotionally committed to learn, motivated, and through thinking and accessing
information in a variety of ways, were prepared to learn in a worldly way. They were
passionate about choosing to use their ability and skills to make learning exciting and
interesting for students in the context that they perceived students and society expected.
These exemplary teachers saw it as their moral responsibility to serve society, to fulfil a
need. What made a teaching activity so special for the exemplary teachers in this study
was the feeling they got from the activity itself. They had taken charge of their
conscious experiences and inner life.
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Caskey, Kevin. "Productivity performance of U.S. trucking in the era of deregulation." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26057.
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This paper analyzes the impact on the productivity of the U. S. interstate trucking industry of changes in the regulatory climate in 1980. Two methods of analysis are used; Total Factor Productivity (TFP) and Neo-Classical Cost Function analysis. The industry's performance in 1978 is compared to the performance in 1982.
Results of the Total Factor Productivity analysis indicate the TFP of the industry in 1982, after deregulation, was lower than that of 1978. However drawing conclusions from this result would be unfounded. TFP analysis assumes constant returns to scale. Cost Function analyses find that the U. S. trucking industry exhibits significant economies of scale. As the trucking industry does not have constant returns to scale, TFP cannot be used to draw conclusions about its economic performance.
The results of the Cost Function analyses are dependent on which model is chosen. The variable measuring the effect of deregulation is either positive or negative depending on exactly what other variables are included in the model. In none of the initial models is this variable found to be significantly different from zero. After deleting six data points which produce extreme residuals and correspond to questionable observations, this variable is found to be positive and significant, indicating increased costs in 1982.<br>Business, Sauder School of<br>Graduate
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Xu, Mian. "Modelling and optimisation tools for biofuel productivity and process performance." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.499859.
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Barrett, Colin Ronald Benjamin. "Co-designing software abstraction and optimisation for productivity and performance." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/codesigning-software-abstraction-and-optimisation-for-productivity-and-performance(1a567441-978e-4b91-a613-1af723fe5251).html.
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Improving the execution time of applications is important, but there is a tendency to sacrifice programmability in its pursuit. This thesis investigates co-design approaches, in which APIs provide an abstraction that is strictly maintained using sound software engineering practices while performance is optimised within a managed runtime environment. Flexibility in APIs and weak encapsulation often results in hand-optimisation that restricts the effectiveness of performance improvements and obfuscates functionality. Domain specific applications contain semantics that general purpose languages cannot exploit during compilation. Hand-optimisation addresses this by manually improving the implementation of applications, requiring both expertise and time. Two application domains are used to demonstrate approaches for exploiting semantics to improve performance; MapReduce parallelism and SLAM in computer vision. Creating correct parallel software is challenging and, thus, frameworks have been developed to exploit the available performance of commodity hardware. MapReduce is a popular programming framework to facilitate the development of data analytics applications. Implementations hide the complexities of data management, scheduling and fault tolerance from users; as MapReduce frameworks evolve, new specialisations and optimisations are introduced. However, improvements often require manual integration into applications to enable performance gains. Hand-optimisation may be used because the semantics of the underlying abstraction or the scope of the compiler are unsuitable. This thesis demonstrates that the semantics of MapReduce may be used to extend the scope of the dynamic compiler. By analysing applications using a MapReduce framework with co-designed optimisation, it is possible to execute these applications in Java in a comparative time to hand-optimised C and C++. The benefits also include improved efficiency of memory management and reduction in the volume of the intermediate data generated. Hence, it is possible to speedup Java application performance twofold. Most importantly, it does not require any extension or rewriting of existing applications. Computer vision, SLAM in particular, contains a mix of regular and irregular vector operations. These are not addressed directly, for this domain, by existing abstractions because many of the data types used represent small vectors (2-7 elements). An array is the natural choice to contain the elements of a vector, but it is not optimal for performance or productivity. This thesis presents a new class collection for small vectors in Java using sound software engineering practice. By co-designing the data-level implementation with its interaction with the dynamic compiler, overheads introduced by the strict API have been eliminated during optimisation. This results in kernels, frequently used in SLAM applications, with improved performance relative to a popular C++ SLAM library. In addition to this, it is possible to demonstrate how the small vector implementation may exploit SIMD instructions and registers to improve performance further. When programmability is prioritised, performance should not be obtained by hand-optimisation because this tends to obfuscate application code. To compensate for this restriction, co-design approaches can extend the communication of application semantics. This thesis demonstrates that there is the potential for co-designed optimisations crossing abstraction boundaries for better performance without affecting productivity.
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Shultz, Charles R. (Charles Richard). "Productivity Considerations for Online Help Systems." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278792/.
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The purpose of this study was to determine if task type, task complexity, and search mechanism would have a significant affect on task performance. The problem motivating this study is the potential for systems online help designers to construct systems that can improve the performance of computer users when they need help.
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Webb, Steve D. "The perceptions of Illinois administrators regarding post-tenure productivity of public school teachers /." Available to subscribers only, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1240702381&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Southern Illinois University Carbondale, 2006.<br>"Department of Educational Administration and Higher Education." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 86-95). Also available online.
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Jimenez, Alexander. "Towards Understanding Productivity in On-Site Housebuilding." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Industriellt och hållbart byggande, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-81370.
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Global reports over the years indicate that productivity development in construction is poor if compared to other industries, even negative in some countries, calling for a change to increase productivity. However, the construction industry has a problem of defining, measuring and using productivity. Previous research suggest that productivity is a multifaceted term, which meaning depends on the purpose of addressing productivity, the context where one uses the term, the level of analysis (e.g. task, project or industry) or even the background of who addresses the term. The multifaceted meaning seems to have encouraged the development of multiple methods for measuring productivity in construction. The variety of understandings indicate that different aspects of productivity are accounted for by different people. Moreover, the construction productivity measures at different levels account for different things, and there is a lack of a clear connection between the levels of analysis. Subsequently, the multiple meanings and measures hamper how to understand construction productivity, what or how to measure and how to use the measures to improve overall productivity. This thesis furthers how housebuilding productivity can be understood by drawing on how the literature and on‐site housebuilding contractors address productivity concerning how it is defined, measured and used. An understanding of productivity that has a base in how productivity can be defined and measured, including how different performance measures can be applied to represent measures of productivity and then be used to improve productivity. The research questions of how productivity is understood, measured and used by Swedish housebuilding contractors are answered and synthesized to contribute with an enhanced understanding of construction productivity. Empirical data was collected through 17 semi‐structured interviews and four workshops. The interviews were held with practitioners ranging from site‐, to project‐, to business area managers from one small and four of Sweden’s largest contractors. The workshops were held with senior managers in charge of production development at the four large companies. Data was cross‐analyzed to identify commonalities and contrasting findings connected to how productivity is defined or understood to represent and include, how productivity is measured, and how productivity is used. The findings suggest that productivity in on‐site housebuilding production is about how efficiently the production system reaches its goal. That is, how efficiently the building is produced in conformance with the requirements to meet client values. Hence, productivity in housebuilding production integrates efficiency, effectiveness and many other factors that make the production system function better towards reaching its goal. Yet, what is included in, and thus what productivity represents, differs, caused by the choice of level of analysis (e.g. task, project or industry) and the length of the considered system or value chain (e.g. only production, or design, planning and production). The results also indicate that housebuilding productivity includes planning, measurement, control and reporting results. While separate direct productivity measures can be used in planning and for reporting results, many different indirect productivity measures are applied to enable for and control productivity during operations. These different measures represent different factors understood to influence productivity at different levels. However, the choice of measures vary, their use is unstructured and the measures usually stay undocumented. The results suggest that one measure of productivity is not enough to understand productivity of building production systems, it is rather through the combination of direct and indirect measures of productivity. Yet, there is a need to adopt a systems perspective to understand how to structure and connect the different measures from sub‐processes to processes and productivity, which this thesis suggests as a line of future research. Moreover, it is not enough to measure productivity to develop productivity. Systematic routines for measurements, review and action based on the measures must be developed and implemented.
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Schefczyk, Michael. "Warehouse performance analysis: techniques and applications." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/25125.
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Magee, Gary Bryan. "Technology, productivity and performance in the British paper industry, 1861 - 1913." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239443.
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Bin, Baharun Rohaizat. "An investigation of performance and productivity in petroleum retailing in Malaysia." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/703.
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The petroleum retailing industry in Malaysia has long been established since after World War two. The business environment of petroleum retailing industry is very much difficult with issues such as eroding real margins and rising costs that impact on the industry. The Malaysian petroleum retailing industry is a regulated industry and operating costs have been increasing for time to time. The automatic pricing mechanism was established in 1983 and the margins which were set by the government have never changed. However, the industry has grown and the market continues to be very competitive. The operators or dealers of service stations are required to do something in the market in order to survive in the industry. There are many factors can influencing the performance and/or productivity in this industry. The owners or managers should have to know and identify the external and internal environments which can dictate or affect their operations. Based on the external and internal environmental factors, two groups 0f variables were chosen from both factors to investigate the effect and impact of these factors on the industry. The study was conducted in two phases. In the first phase of the study, the researcher analyzed the common problems areas and the techniques used to approach these problems by service station owners and managers. With the initial stage completed, the researchers utilized this information in attempting to identify a methodology for analyzing performance and productivity of service stations. In the second phase of the study, the survey with structured questionnaire was done in southern part Of Peninsular Malaysia. The results of this research, mainly based on the study of the performance and productivity show that both internal (in this study represented by owner/manager and store characteristics) and external (represented by location and competitive characteristics) environmental variables played the significant roles in performance and productivity of service stations in Malaysia. Interestingly, while both internal and external environmental variables are significantly related to performance, only internal environmental variables can predict the productivity. In other words, internal environmental variables are better predictors of performance than productivity by service stations in this industry. Beside that, the study also found. that there is a differences between owner and manager regarding performance and productivity. As a conclusion, the researcher suggested that both measurement should be considered when any study need to be done on any industries especially in business and retailing in the future.
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Leone, Teresa A. "The manager's role in motivating employees for increased productivity and performance." Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 1993. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.
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Rahiman, Muhammad Ali. "An exploration of the relationship between maintenance performance and resource productivity." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/57500.
Full textAbstract:
As a consequence of their relative magnitude with respect to overall
organisational expenditure, potential sources for significant cost savings
involve maintenance costs, raw material costs and energy consumption.
Previously conducted but inconclusive research indicates that there may
be a relationship between maintenance activities and resource
productivity. If this is the case, knowledge of such a relationship may
unveil opportunities for direct productivity enhancement. Moreover, it
may also serve as an aid in making improved measurements of the true
value of the maintenance function. This in turn may enable practitioners
to recognize when resource reallocation may be required to achieve
greater levels of productivity.
The objective of this research is to explore the relationship between
maintenance activities and resource productivity. It aims in part to
assess if opportunities for productivity enhancement exist as a result of
such a relationship. It also aims to establish if resource productivity can
serve as a representative measure of maintenance performance. This
study is based on rigorously proven theoretical propositions which are
tested empirically on data procured from a metallurgical plant in South
Africa.
The conclusion of this study is that the maintenance function enables
equipment to process resources productively. Resource productivity may
thus have the propensity to serve as an encompassing and cost effective
measure of maintenance performance. In terms of its potential in this
regard, decreases in resource productivity may offer valuable signals
which indicate that corrective action is warranted.
In terms of productivity enhancement, this study elucidates the fact that
machinery should always be kept in the best operating condition
possible. When machinery malfunctions are discovered, it should be
repaired in a timely manner to prevent unnecessary wastage from
occurring.<br>Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2016.<br>tm2016<br>Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering<br>MSc<br>Unrestricted
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Azman, Mohd Azrai. "Diversification, institutions, and productivity performance of large construction firms in Malaysia." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2020. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/199909/1/Mohd_Azrai_Azman_Thesis.pdf.
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This research investigated the relationships between diversification strategies and productivity of large construction firms in Malaysia. The Generalised Method of Moments was adopted for modelling the impact of diversification strategies on productivity. The research revealed that product and market diversifications affect long-term productivity by altering firm efficiency in managing resource allocation. However, the effectiveness of diversification strategies depends on the changes in formal institutional dimensions and informal context of ownership concentration. The research findings will help construction firms to take into account the effects of institutional contexts when formulating their optimal diversification strategies for better firm productivity.
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Roman-Moreno, Francisco J. "Effects of a group performance-based incentive scheme on labor productivity, product quality, and organizational performance." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280327.
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This study uses a field method to examine the effects of a group compensation plan on labor productivity, product quality, and organizational performance, in three independent subunits of the same manufacturing plant. More specifically, the study investigates whether the use of two budget-based incentives, a group output-target based scheme and a gain-sharing scheme offered in combination, motivates production teams to improve economic performance in this manufacturing setting. The output-target based scheme is a linear budget-based incentive that rewards individual team performance, providing a cash bonus when quantity meets or exceeds a target and a low (penalty) wage when quantity or product quality falls short of a target. The gain-sharing scheme (also a budget-based scheme) rewards production teams for achieving plant-level quarterly targets for labor productivity and product quality. After controlling for numerous factors that influence labor productivity and product quality in a multivariate regression model, I find that the combination of incentives schemes is associated with improvements in performance. Labor productivity increases by sixty eight percent and the defects rate decreases by ninety five percent following implementation of the incentive scheme. I also found a reduction in absenteeism and turnover, as well as improvements in the percentage of work orders completed on schedule. Although I cannot attribute the observed performance improvements to a specific scheme, nor discern whether the improvements are causally linked in some proportion to greater worker effort, improved peer monitoring, improved team cooperation, or better strategy development (i.e., worker learning); the empirical results of the study suggest that team (and group) performance is enhanced through the use of standard-based incentives contracts. Moreover, the results suggest that both schemes offered jointly with mechanisms to prevent free-riding and promote worker learning (timely performance feedback) create synergies in this particular setting that motivate production teams to improve performance. These findings suggest that this combination is effective in motivating group effort, promoting cooperation, and encouraging peer monitoring within and across production teams. All these factors leading to improvements of the firm's economic performance.
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Borgersen, Nancy G. "Enhancing productivity through office design : an investigation of enclosure and task performance." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/23125.
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Dagfalk, Johanna, and Ellen Kyhle. "Listening in on Productivity : Applying the Four Key Metrics to measure productivity in a software development company." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för datalogi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-440147.
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Software development is an area in which companies not only need to keep up with the latest technology, but they additionally need to continuously increase their productivity to stay competitive in the industry. One company currently facing these challenges is Storytel - one of the strongest players on the Swedish audiobook market - with about a fourth of all employees involved with software development, and a rapidly growing workforce. With the purpose of understanding how the Storytel Tech Department is performing, this thesis maps Storytel’s productivity defined through the Four Key Metrics - Deployment Frequency, Delivery Lead Time, Mean Time To Restore and Change Fail Rate. A classification is made into which performance category (Low, Medium, High, Elite) the Storytel Tech Department belongs to through a deep-dive into the raw system data existing at Storytel, mainly focusing on the case management system Jira. A survey of the Tech Department was conducted, to give insights into the connection between human and technical factors influencing productivity (categorized into Culture, Environment, and Process) and estimated productivity. Along with these data collections, interviews with Storytel employees were performed to gather further knowledge about the Tech Department, and to understand potential bottlenecks and obstacles. All Four Key Metrics could be determined based on raw system data, except the metric Mean Time To Restore which was complemented by survey estimates. The generalized findings of the Four Key Metrics conclude that Storytel can be minimally classified as a ‘medium’ performer. The factors, validated through factor analysis, found to have an impact on the Four Key Metrics were Generative Culture, Efficiency (Automation and Shared Responsibility) and Number of Projects. Lastly, the major bottlenecks found were related to Architecture, Automation, Time Fragmentation and Communication. The thesis contributes with interesting findings from an expanding, middle-sized, healthy company in the audiobook streaming industry - but the results can be beneficial for other software development companies to learn from as well. Performing a similar study with a greater sample size, and additionally enabling comparisons between teams, is suggested for future research.
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Dashevskaya, Svetlana. "Molecular and physiological approaches to enhance the performance and productivity of rice." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/77741.
Full textAbstract:
Estressos abiòtics com la sequera i la salinitat són els factors ambientals més importants
que limiten la productivitat dels cultius. Estratègies per millorar el creixement dels
cultius sota condicions d'estrès abiòtic inclouen la millora convencional, la selecció
assistida per marcadors, l'enginyeria genètica i l'aplicació de bioreguladors naturals o
sintètics. Els bioreguladors naturals són hormones vegetals com l'àcid abscísic (ABA),
citoquinines, giberelines i l’àcid jasmònic, mentre que els bioreguladors sintètics són
productes químics que milloren el creixement de les plantes en condicions de camp. Els
fitoprotectors són bioreguladors sintètics que selectivament protegeixen les plantes del
cultiu, però no les males herbes dels herbicides induint de forma coordinada les vies de
detoxificació d'herbicides. A més del seu paper directe en la detoxificació, alguns
fitoprotectors també poden millorar el creixement de plantes en particular sota
condicions d'estrès abiòtic.
He avaluat un nombre de potencials bioreguladors sintètics sols o en combinació amb
ABA per seleccionar les combinacions que milloren el creixement i la productivitat de
l'arròs en condicions de sequera (o estrès hídric) moderada, però a llarg termini i
d’estrès per salinitat, optimitzat en una cambra de creixement. L’agent fitoprotector
ciprosulfamida sol o en combinació amb ABA s'ha trobat que promou el creixement de
l'arròs sota condicions d’estrès salí, donant lloc a una floració avançada i a l'aparició de
tiges noves. Aquestes respostes van estar absents o van ser molt més limitades en les
plantes no tractades sotmeses a estrès.
Experiments per desentranyar les bases moleculars de l'efecte de la ciprosulfamida han
resultat en la identificació de gens que són potencialment responsables de la millora del
rendiment de les plantes d'arròs sota estrès per salinitat. L'anàlisi proteòmic de les
plantes d'arròs sense tractar i de les tractades amb ciprosulfamida i / o ABA en
presència o absència d'estrès per salinitat ens ha permès identificar gens de resposta a
l'estrès amb funcions relacionades amb la defensa, la destoxificació, l'energia, el
metabolisme, la fotosíntesi, el plegament i el transport de proteïnes, entre d'altres.
Curiosament, moltes proteïnes que eren modulades per l'exposició a estrès per salinitat
també van ser modulades per ciprosulfamida o ciprosulfamida més ABA. Proposem que
l’agent fitoprotector ciprosulfamida indueix gens de resposta a l'estrès abiòtic i preadapta
les plantes per suportar les condicions d’estrès abiòtic. Tres gens que codifiquen
per late embryogenesis abundant group 3 protein (OsLEA3), putative fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (FAH) i mitochondrial import inner membrane
translocase (TIM) estan induïdes fortament per l'estrès salí, així com per ciprosulfamida
o ciprosulfamida més ABA en l'absència d'estrès. Es va trobar una correlació positiva
entre els perfils d'expressió génica determinada per la reacció en cadena de la
polimerasa quantitativa o en temps real amb la transcriptasa inversa (qRT-PCR) i les
dades de proteòmica.<br>Estreses abióticos como la sequía y la salinidad son los factores ambientales más
importantes que limitan la productividad de los cultivos. Estrategias para mejorar el
crecimiento de los cultivos bajo condiciones de estrés abiótico incluyen la mejora
convencional, la selección asistida por marcadores, la ingeniería genética y la aplicación
de biorreguladores naturales o sintéticos. Los biorreguladores naturales son hormonas
vegetales como el ácido abscísico (ABA), citoquininas, giberelinas y ácido jasmónico,
mientras que los biorreguladores sintéticos son productos químicos que mejoran el
crecimiento de plantas en condiciones de campo. Safeners son biorreguladores
sintéticos que selectivamente protegen a las plantas del cultivo pero no a las malas
hierbas de los herbicidas, induciendo de forma coordinada todas las vías de
detoxificación de herbicidas. Además de su papel directo en la detoxificación, algunos
safeners también pueden mejorar el crecimiento de plantas en particular bajo
condiciones de estrés abiótico.
He evaluado diversos biorreguladores sintéticos candidatos, solos o en combinación con
ABA para seleccionar las combinaciones que mejoren el crecimiento y la productividad
del arroz en condiciones de sequía o salinidad moderada, pero a largo plazo, optimizado
en una cámara de crecimiento. Cyprosulfamide solo o en combinación con ABA se ha
encontrado que promueve el crecimiento del arroz bajo estrés por salinidad, dando lugar
a una floración temprana y a la aparición de tallos nuevos. Estas respuestas eran
ausentes o mucho más limitadas en las plantas no tratadas sometidas a estrés.
Experimentos para desentrañar las bases moleculares de la actividad de cyprosulfamide
resultaron en la identificación de genes que son potencialmente responsables de la
mejora del rendimiento de las plantas de arroz bajo estrés por salinidad. El análisis
proteómico de las plantas de arroz sin tratar y las tratadas con cyprosulfamide y / o
ABA en presencia o ausencia de estrés por salinidad nos ha permitido identificar genes
de respuesta a estrés con funciones relacionadas con la defensa, la detoxificación, la
energía, el metabolismo, la fotosíntesis, el plegamiento de proteínas y el transporte de
proteínas, entre otros. Curiosamente, muchas proteínas que eran moduladas por la
exposición a estrés por salinidad también eran moduladas por cyprosulfamide o
cyprosulfamide más ABA. Nosotros proponemos que el safener cyprosulfamide induce
genes responsables de estrés abiótico y adapta a las plantas para soportar las
condiciones de estrés abiótico. Tres genes que codifican late embryogenesis abundant group 3 protein (OsLEA3), putative fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (FAH) y
mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase (TIM) fueron inducidas fuertemente
por el estrés de salinidad, así como por cyprosulfamide o cyprosulfamide más ABA en
la ausencia de estrés. También se vió una correlación positiva entre los perfiles de
expresión genética determinada por la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en tiempo
real o cuantitativa con transcriptasa inversa (qRT-PCR) y los datos de proteómica.<br>Abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity are important environmental factors that
limit crop productivity. Strategies to improve the growth of crops under abiotic stress
conditions include conventional breeding, marker-assisted breeding, genetic engineering
and the application of natural and synthetic bioregulators. Natural bioregulators include
plant hormones such as abscisic acid (ABA), cytokinins, gibberellins and jasmonic acid,
whereas synthetic bioregulators are chemical products that improve plant growth under
field conditions. Safeners are synthetic bioregulators that selectively protect crop plants
but not weeds from herbicides by coordinately inducing entire herbicide detoxification
pathways. In addition to their direct role in detoxification, some safeners can also
improve plant growth particularly under abiotic stress conditions.
I evaluated a number of potential synthetic bioregulators alone or in combination with
ABA to select the combinations that improved rice growth and productivity under mild
but long-term drought and salinity stress conditions optimized in a growth chamber.
Cyprosulfamide alone or in combination with ABA was found to promote rice growth
under salinity stress, resulting in earlier flowering and the appearance of new tillers.
These responses were either absent or much more limited in untreated plants under
stress.
Experiments to unravel the molecular basis of cyprosulfamide activity resulted in the
identification of genes that were potentially responsible for the improved performance
of rice plants under salinity stress. Proteomic analysis of untreated rice plants and those
treated with cyprosulfamide and/or ABA in the presence or absence of salinity stress
allowed us to identify stress-response genes with roles in defense, detoxification,
energy, metabolism, photosynthesis, protein folding and protein transport among others.
Interestingly, many proteins that were modulated by exposure to salinity stress were
also modulated by cyprosulfamide or cyprosulfamide plus ABA. We propose that
cyprosulfamide induces abiotic stress-response genes and pre-adapts the plants to
withstand abiotic conditions. Three genes encoding a late embryogenesis abundant
group 3 protein (OsLEA3), a putative fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (FAH) and a
mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase (TIM) were strongly upregulated by
salinity stress as well as by cyprosulfamide or cyprosulfamide plus ABA in the absence
of stress. There was good agreement between gene expression profiles determined by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and the proteomic
data.
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Persinger, Ben P. "Application of a taxonomical structure to measure worker productivity for performance evaluation." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1994. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA284178.
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Bobobee, Emmanuel Y. H. "Performance analysis of draught animal-implement system to improve productivity and welfare /." Uppsala : Dept. of Biometry and Engineering, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2007. http://epsilon.slu.se/200770.pdf.
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Halawani, Abdulatef. "Airline maintenance performance and productivity measurement : an application of data envelopment analysis." Thesis, University of Kent, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322828.
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Jiang, QianNan. "The evolution of U.S. airlines' productivity and cost performance from 2004-2012." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/90671.
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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2014.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 126-129).<br>In the past decade, the U.S. airline industry has undergone tremendous transformation triggered by major events such as the surge in fuel prices and the economic recession. Network legacy carriers implemented drastic measures to reduce cost and increase productivity. Some filed bankruptcy protection to restructure, and others pursued mergers for consolidation and cost savings through operational synergies. Low cost carriers have been profitable but are now faced with higher costs stemming from increasing labor seniority and aging fleets. Recently, the emergence of ultra-low cost carriers has intensified the competition, as these newer airlines operate at extremely low costs and offer rock bottom low fares. The main objective of this thesis is to examine the evolution of U.S. airlines' productivity and cost performance from 2004 to 2012. This thesis provides an in-depth analysis of unit costs, aircraft and employee productivity of 10 major U.S. passenger airlines, which are classified into three groups: network legacy carriers (NLCs), low cost carriers (LCCs), and ultra-low cost carriers (ULCCs). We compare the unit costs and productivity trends at industry aggregate and domestic operations level for these three groups. We also explore the underlying forces that drove these trends and the effect of stage length on unit cost and productivity. The results indicate that the gaps between NLCs' and LCCs' unit cost excluding transport related and fuel expenses, labor unit cost, and employee and wage productivity have decreased from 2004 to 2012. Most notably, the gaps between their unit cost excluding fuel and transport related expenses and labor unit costs were reduced by 48% and 67%, respectively. NLCs performed dramatic cuts in labor in the 2000s and increased aircraft and employee productivity by shifting their focus to international markets. LCCs had the steepest increase in unit cost and maintained the highest aircraft utilization but are losing their traditional labor cost and productivity advantage to ULCCs. In 2012, ULCCs' labor unit cost was about half of NLCs' and LCCs', and their employee productivity was 34% greater than NLCs' and 20% greater than LCCs'. ULCCs have truly achieved lowest unit cost with highest labor efficiency in the industry.<br>by Qiannan Jiang.<br>S.M.
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Muddukrishna, Ananya. "Improving OpenMP Productivity with Data Locality Optimizations and High-resolution Performance Analysis." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Programvaruteknik och Datorsystem, SCS, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-179670.
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The combination of high-performance parallel programming and multi-core processors is the dominant approach to meet the ever increasing demand for computing performance today. The thesis is centered around OpenMP, a popular parallel programming API standard that enables programmers to quickly get started with writing parallel programs. However, in contrast to the quickness of getting started, writing high-performance OpenMP programs requires high effort and saps productivity. Part of the reason for impeded productivity is OpenMP’s lack of abstractions and guidance to exploit the strong architectural locality exhibited in NUMA systems and manycore processors. The thesis contributes with data distribution abstractions that enable programmers to distribute data portably in NUMA systems and manycore processors without being aware of low-level system topology details. Data distribution abstractions are supported by the runtime system and leveraged by the second contribution of the thesis – an architecture-specific locality-aware scheduling policy that reduces data access latencies incurred by tasks, allowing programmers to obtain with minimal effort upto 69% improved performance for scientific programs compared to state-of-the-art work-stealing scheduling. Another reason for reduced programmer productivity is the poor support extended by OpenMP performance analysis tools to visualize, understand, and resolve problems at the level of grains– task and parallel for-loop chunk instances. The thesis contributes with a cost-effective and automatic method to extensively profile and visualize grains. Grain properties and hardware performance are profiled at event notifications from the runtime system with less than 2.5% overheads and visualized using a new method called theGrain Graph. The grain graph shows the program structure that unfolded during execution and highlights problems such as low parallelism, work inflation, and poor parallelization benefit directly at the grain level with precise links to problem areas in source code. The thesis demonstrates that grain graphs can quickly reveal performance problems that are difficult to detect and characterize in fine detail using existing tools in standard programs from SPEC OMP 2012, Parsec 3.0 and Barcelona OpenMP Tasks Suite (BOTS). Grain profiles are also applied to study the input sensitivity and similarity of BOTS programs. All thesis contributions are assembled together to create an iterative performance analysis and optimization work-flow that enables programmers to achieve desired performance systematically and more quickly than what is possible using existing tools. This reduces pressure on experts and removes the need for tedious trial-and-error tuning, simplifying OpenMP performance analysis.<br><p>QC 20151221</p>
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Bonaplata, Javier. "Evaluation of productivity and quality performance in a newspaper preprint insertion process." Master's thesis, This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10222009-124904/.
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Fitzsimmons, Verna M. "The relationship of performance incentives to productivity and quality of work life." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=ucin1029162415.
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Ostojic, Jakov. "Hydraulic fracture productivity performance in tight gas sands, a numerical simulation approach." Thesis, Curtin University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1811.
Full textAbstract:
Hydraulically fractured tight gas reservoirs are one of the most common unconventional sources being produced today, and look to be a regular source of gas in the future. Tight gas sands by definition have extremely low permeability and porosity, and are most often uneconomical to produce without the aid of some form of reservoir stimulation. Hydraulic fracturing is one of the most common forms of commercially extracting gas from tight gas sands and is becoming increasingly popular in America, Canada and the rest of the world, with some projects in Australia.Along with the low productivity, tight gas sands are faced with other additional challenges if compared to conventional reservoirs, such as near wellbore damage due to water blocking, mechanical damage, fluid invasion and wellbore breakouts. In addition, inaccuracy of conventional build-up and draw-down well test results is common. This is primarily due to the increased time required for transient flow in tight gas sands to reach pseudo-steady state condition. To increase accuracy, well tests for tight gas reservoirs must be run for longer periods of time which is in most cases not economically viable. This leads to the need for accurate simulation of tight gas reservoir well tests or a reduction in analysis time.The primary aim of this research project is to use early time well test and production data to determine insights into hydraulic fracture productivity performance. The work is presented with reference to two published peer-reviewed papers published as lead author and one peer-reviewed paper published as co-author. The two main methods of analysis used will be Horner plot and a semi-log plot of production rate vs. log-time. Sensitivity analysis on fracture number, size and orientation with respect to the wellbore are conducted.The production and pressure buildup data is generated using commercial 3-D reservoir simulation software, Eclipse. A box model with generic tight gas properties is created with realistic hydraulic fracture and well completion simulated. Data is either compared to an unfractured tight gas sand model, or to a model with different number of fractures but comparable overall fracture volume.
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Tran, Nam-Quoc. "Essays on environmental performance and productivity of firms : applications to Vietnamese SMEs." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAB014.
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Cette thèse vise à examiner les impacts de la performance environnementale sur la performance économique des PME Vietnamiennes. En outre, cette thèse développe également un modèle théorique de taxation sur les émissions de la firme, la corruption et les connexions politiques. Le chapitre 2 examine les effets de la synergie entre la conformité environnementale, l’innovation, et les activités d’exportation sur la Productivité Totale des Facteurs (PTF) des firmes. Cette étude montre que la relation entre la conformité environnementale et l’innovation de produit est complémentaire dans l’explication de la PTF de la firme. Elle montre également que l’impact de la synergie des activités d’exportation et de la conformité environnementale peut être influencé par l’innovation. Le chapitre 3 présente l’impact de ces synergies sur la capacité de survie de la firme. Ce travail montre que la relation entre la conformité environnementale et les activités d’exportation est complémentaire pour améliorer la survie des firmes. La survivabilité des entreprises peut également être affectée par la conformité environnementale de façon séparée. Le chapitre 4 étudie l’impact de la conformité environnementale sur la convergence de la productivité des firmes. Les conclusions indiquent que la conformité environnementale pourrait ne pas affecter directement cette convergence; cet impact peut devenir significatif seulement si cette conformité s’accompagne d’innovation. Enfin, dans le chapitre 5, nous développons un modèle théorique sur la relation entre la taxation sur les émissions, le niveau d’émissions et les incitations à verser des pots-de-vins ou à développer des connexions politiques. Les résultats montrent que le lien entre la firme et la sphère politique peut avoir une incidence sur l’efficacité des taxes sur les émissions. Nous constatons également que les effets de la taxation sur la corruption et les connexions politiques sont non-monotones, et dépendent du mécanisme d’audit et de pénalité, de la sensibilité du profit de la firme et des coûts de la connexion politique<br>This thesis aims to examine the impacts of environmental performance on economic performance of firms which apply to Vietnamese SMEs. In addition, this thesis also develops a theoretical model of tax on firm’s emissions, bribery, and political connection. Chapter 2 examines the synergy effects of environmental compliance, innovation, and export activities on firm TFP. This study finds that the synergy of environmental compliance and product innovation is complementary in explaining firm’s TFP. In addition, the impact of the synergy of export activities and environmental compliance may be influenced by innovation. Chapter 3 presents the impact of these synergies on firm’s survivability. This work reveals that the synergy between environmental compliance and export activities is complementary in enhancing firm survival. The latter may be also affected by separated environmental compliance. Chapter 4 investigates the impact of environmental compliance on firm’s productivity convergence. Its findings indicate that environmental compliance may not directly affect this convergence. This impact may become to be significant if this compliance is accompanied by innovation. Finally, in Chapter 5, we develop a theoretical model of the relationship between emission tax, emissions and willingness to commit bribery and to maintain political connection of firms. The result points out that firm’s political connection canaffect emission tax efficiency. Furthermore, the impacts of tax on bribery and political connection are non-monotonous, depending upon the nature of audit and penalty mechanism, sensitivity of firm’s profit and political connection costs
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Kerr, S. B. "The Tanzania Teachers' Union : pay, politics, performance." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.653335.
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This qualitative inquiry into the Tanzanian education system is based upon a thirteen-month period of ethnographic research in Dar es Salaam and Morogoro. It foregrounds the political and economic background to Tanzanian teachers’ everyday lives. Through an in-depth study of the Tanzania Teachers Union and a case study of a single secondary school, the thesis explores the relationship between pay and performance. The study argues that in order to interpret this dynamic it is essential to have an understanding of the history of work in Tanzania, as there are long roots to some of the most germane features of their employment. Particular attention is given to “teacher politics” and the research chronicles the profession’s efforts since the 1920s to find a platform for their voice through teachers’ associations and unions. Pivotal to this discussion are the events surrounding the 1993/4 national teachers’ strike and the establishment of the Tanzania Teachers’ Union. The Union’s 2000 elections are also covered in some depth. The final chapter re-creates the life of the school, and illustrates how these economic and political factors impinge upon teachers’ professional work and threaten the integrity and meaning of the school experience. The chapter foregrounds the school’s cultural background, and discusses the specific social and economic function that the school fulfils in teachers’ lives. Here the focus is upon the issues of teacher absenteeism, their involvement in additional money making enterprise and the controversial practice of extra tuition.
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Green, Jonathan Peter. "Problems in the performance management of teachers." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.446412.
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Calleja, Blanco Jonathan. "Productivity essays on coopetition, organizational downsizing and restructuring." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/456311.
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Esta tesis doctoral pretende dar respuesta a preguntas tradicionales de la literatura de empresa usando herramientas de economía ampliamente aceptadas. Uniendo los campos de la contabilidad y la productividad, se aíslan distintos factores que determinan los cambios en productividad y se analiza su contribución sobre el desempeño financiero de la empresa, sobre el cambio de rentabilidad. Se hacen aportaciones metodológicas y se proporcionan nuevos instrumentos a los gerentes de empresas para la toma de decisiones conducentes a aumentar la competitividad.
El primer capítulo propone una definición de incentivo económico potencial de los competidores para colaborar entre ellos: coopetición. Usando un enfoque no paramétrico basado en una medida del desempeño financiero (la rotación de los activos o ROA), se compara entre los estados de no coopetición y coopetición. Las ganancias potenciales de ROA en coopetición se descomponen en distintos factores. Usando la industria europea del automóvil entre 2000 y 2012, se genera una muestra de más de cuarenta y cinco mil casos de cooperación potencial entre dos plantas competidoras. Unos doce mil de esos casos presentan ganancias de ROA debidas a la coopetición, principalmente gracias a mayores ganancias de productividad asociadas a coopetición. Por su parte, las plantas pequeñas encuentran mayores incentivos económicos en la coopetición, pero únicamente si se involucran de forma activa. El capítulo ofrece algunas recomendaciones sobre la flexibilidad que la legislación europea que rige este tipo de acuerdos debería ofrecer.
El segundo capítulo ofrece una nueva metodología para definir y medir el downsizing organizacional, considerando no solo los cambios en la cantidad de trabajadores sino todos los factores productivos de la organización. La definición se basa en cantidades teóricas costo-eficientes de las cantidades de inputs. Con este enfoque novedoso, se mide el efecto que el downsizing tiene sobre los cambios en productividad, que a su vez se puede relacionar con los cambios en ROA. Así, se quiere medir la contribución directa que tiene el downsizing organización sobre los cambios del desempeño económico. De forma natural, se extiende esa definición para el downsizing del trabajo, que está más cerca de las medidas parciales de downsizing que la literatura ha usado generalmente. Se ilustra esta metodología usando plantas de producción europeas entre 2000 y 2012. El downsizing organizacional no contribuyó a mejorar el ROA de esas plantas, mientras que el resto de componentes de productividad contribuyeron a empeorar el desempeño económico promedio durante todo el período.
El tercer artículo parte de la metodología presentada en el segundo definiendo reestructuración organizacional: upsizing o downsizing. Se trata de analizar más profundamente las consecuencias en el desempeño de distintas opciones de reestructuración en la industria europea del automóvil. Se comparan de forma directa dos muestras opuestas de plantas que incrementan o reducen su tamaño organizacional para analizar las diferencias. Varias hipótesis comparan los efectos de la reestructuración de ambos grupos. Los resultados muestran diferencias significativas: mientras que las plantas que redujeron su tamaño vieron su ROA reducirse, las que incrementaron su tamaño lo vieron incrementarse. En promedio las plantas que aumentaron tamaño obtuvieron mejor contribución al desempeño financiero a través del efecto de la restructuración, el cambio técnico y el cambio de eficiencia (tres componentes del cambio de productividad). Para las empresas que redujeron su tamaño, las reducciones de los precios de los factores no compensaron las importantes pérdidas de productividad al reestructurarse.<br>This dissertation aims to provide answers to traditional questions in the business literature using well-adopted economic tools. By bringing together accounting and productivity fields, it analyzes the contribution to the financial performance change from different drivers of productivity change. The methodological contributions throughout the dissertation provide novel instruments to the management on their decision making to enhance the competitiveness of the business.
Chapter One proposes a definition of the potential economic incentives for competitors to collaborate with each other: coopetition. With a non-parametric approach based on a financial performance measure (return on assets, ROA), it compares between non-coopetition and coopetition statuses. Potential ROA gains from coopetition are decomposed by economic driver. Using the European automobile industry, a sample of over forty-five thousand cases of two-plant potential cooperation is created, in the period from 2000 to 2012. Roughly twelve thousand of these cases presented ROA gains from coopetition, mainly driven by higher productivity gains of coopetition. As well, smaller plants find stronger economic incentives for coopetition, but this effect is only fruitful when they actively engage to coopetition. The chapter offers some policy recommendations on the legal framework of competition issued at the EU level.
Chapter Two proposes a novel methodology to define and measure organizational downsizing, which encompasses not only changes in labor but also all the inputs employed by an organizational unit. This definition is used to assess the downsizing effect on productivity changes, which can be directly linked to changes in ROA. Thereby, it directly measures the contribution from downsizing to the financial performance change. A natural extension of that definition is presented for labor downsizing, which relates to the commonly adopted definition in the literature, merely dependent on labor changes. The methodology is illustrated using European automobile production plants from 2000 to 2012. Organizational downsizing among automobile plants was found to have no effect on ROA, whereas related effects worsened the financial performance all over the period.
Chapter Three expands upon the previous one, defining organizational restructuring: upsizing or downsizing. The chapter is a deeper analysis of the performance outcomes of different restructuring processes in the Automobile industry in Europe. It compares two opposite samples of organizational downsizers and organizational upsizers to understand better their differences. Several hypotheses were introduced, which directly compare the restructuring-related contributions to financial performance in the two groups. Results for the two subsamples in that industry were significantly different: organizational downsizing contributed to worsen financial performance whereas organizational upsizing contributed to improve it. On average, upsizers obtained higher contribution to financial performance from restructuring, technical change and efficiency change (three drivers of productivity change). For downsizers, input prices reductions did not compensate the detrimental productivity losses.
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Qokweni, Noluvuyolwetu. "A creativity model to increase employee productivity." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/5401.
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For business firms to continue as going concerns, productivity is a primary goal. In order for the firms to remain productive, it is imperative that managers continuously explore ways of improving productivity and employee performance. Employee productivity, in particular, is the measurement of performance and competitiveness in any business firm. A competitive advantage enables a business firm to, amongst others, survive financially, expand its operations and grow its market share. Creativity and innovation are fundamental sources of competitive advantage. In order for a business to retain its competitive edge, it must effectively enhance employee productivity, creativity and innovation. The primary purpose of this study was to investigate a creativity model that could contribute to the enhancement of employee productivity. More specifically, the study investigated how employee productivity (the dependent variable) was influenced by the independent variables rewards, a climate conducive for creativity and innovation, employee creativity, self-esteem and performance intent. The sample consisted of 82 blue-collar employees from various manufacturing firms in Port Elizabeth. The empirical results revealed that the firms’ rewards for performance and their climates for creativity and innovation were positively related to the creativity of their employees. The creativity and self-esteem of their employees were positively related to their employees’ performance intentions, while collectively these three variables were positively related to their employees’ productivity. The managerial implications of these and other findings are discussed in the study.
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Sheridan, Casey John. "Faculty vitality in two community colleges : factors reported by instructors as affecting their productivity." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29496.
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This study investigated community college faculty productivity from within the overall context of faculty vitality. The study was conducted at Fraser Valley College in Abbotsford and Chilliwack, British Columbia, and Red Deer College in Red Deer, Alberta. Two research problems were addressed. First, which work related factors, as reported by continuing contract teaching faculty at the two community colleges, facilitated or hindered the productivity of instructors? Second, to what extent are a composite set of factors, based on those suggested in the literature as affecting faculty vitality, perceived by faculty at these colleges to affect their productivity?
The research was descriptive, extending faculty productivity and vitality inquiry into the community college context using a case study approach. A questionnaire employing the critical incident technique was used to collect data from faculty about incidents they perceived as having had a personally significant effect on their productivity. A definition of community college faculty productivity for use in the critical incident process was developed using a 12 member Delphi group consisting of three faculty and three administrators from each college. Rating of the composite set of vitality factors was accomplished by asking the respondents to rate each factor on a five point bipolar rating scale based on their perception of the priority each factor had in affecting their productivity.
The 330 incidents collected by the questionnaire (171 facilitating, 159 hindering) were classified into 15 incident categories which in turn were able to be grouped into four major areas each of which provides a theme for the related categories they contain. All factors in the composite set of vitality related factors received a minimum mean rating of three on the five point scale.
Conclusions drawn include: (1) the frequency of incidents by category should not be the only measure of category importance because frequencies may vary by institution, by instructor, and over time; (2) the categories reflect an open rather than closed classification system and as such are interrelated; (3) the categories reflect both facilitating and hindering incidents; (4) factors suggested by the literature as affecting vitality are perceived by faculty to affect their productivity but these results may hide a diversity of views for a particular situation; (5) the factors identified as facilitating or hindering community college faculty productivity should not be interpreted as applicable in all situations or for all faculty.
Research results suggest increased awareness by administrators (at the colleges in the study) of the facilitating/hindering productivity factor category scheme should lead to a working environment more facilitative to faculty productivity if either facilitating incidents are increased and/or hindering incidents are reduced. The productivity factor assessment section of the questionnaire results suggests administrators at the two colleges should be sensitive to any actions which are perceived as undermining quality of performance.<br>Education, Faculty of<br>Educational Studies (EDST), Department of<br>Graduate
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Marino, Sylvester Anthony. "The impact of graduate school environments and academic departments on the research productivity of accounting professors /." Access Digital Full Text version, 1991. http://pocketknowledge.tc.columbia.edu/home.php/bybib/1116881x.
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Thesis (Ed.D.) -- Teachers College, Columbia University, 1991.<br>Typescript; issued also on microfilm. Sponsor: Gary Natriello. Dissertation Committee: Aaron Pallas. Includes bibliographical references: (leaves 190-204).
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Scholtz, Reginald. "The manufacturing performance measurement matrix model." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/969.
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Thesis (MBA (Graduate School of Business))--Stellenbosch University, 2008.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Globalisation, constant innovations and well-informed customers have made modern business environments dynamic and complex. Organisations, with their ever-changing business models, are striving to improve the quality of their products and services. Congruently, several management theories have evolved. Total Quality Management (TQM),Just in Time (JIT), Benchmarking, Lean Management, Balanced Scorecard and Six Sigma are some of the more well known. Each movement with its own life span, its share of popularity and level of acceptance has the same basic goal – improvement in quality by measuring performance. Recent years have seen an upsurge in the approaches and contributions to the field of performance measurement. Are these management theories just a flavour of the month or do they add value. The object of this study is to provide industry specific manufacturing business with a Manufacturing Performance Measurement Matrix Model, which can be used over time to measure improvement and serve as a basis for Knowledge Management.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Globalisering, konstante inbring van veranderinge en goed ingeligte kliënte het die moderne besigheidsomgewing dinamies en kompleks gemaak. Organisasies, met hulle ewig veranderende besigheidsmodelle, streef daarna om die kwaliteit van hulle produkte en dienslewering te verbeter. Verskeie bestuursteorieë het as gevolg hiervan ontwikkel. Die mees bekende bestuursteorieë is onder andere: Total Quality Management (TQM), Just in Time (JIT), Benchmarking, Lean Management, Balanced Scorecard en Six Sigma. Elkeen van hierdie planne, met sy eie leeftyd, porsie van die gewildheid en vlak van aanvaarding, het dieselfde basiese doel – verbetering van kwaliteit deur die meet van prestasie. Onlangse jare het ‘n opvlam gesien in die benaderings en bydraes tot die veld van prestasiemeting. Is hierdie bestuursteorieë net ‘n nuutjie of is hulle waardevol vir die besigheidswêreld? Die doel van hierdie studie is om industrie spesifieke vervaardigingsbesighede met ‘n Vervaardigings Prestasiemetings Matriks Model te voorsien wat deur die verloop van tyd verbeterings kan meet en kan dien as ‘n basis vir die bestuur van kundigheid.
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Huysamen, Gideon Johannes. "The development of a corporate performance communication system that facilitates continuous productivity improvement." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-03102006-113010/.
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Schilling, Clifford William. "The role of company training programs to improve employee performance and company productivity." Virtual Press, 1991. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/833003.
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Research questions included: how much do company training programs appear to change quality, productivity, or employee involvement; and what changes might increase the effectiveness of quality/productivity training programs? An extensive survey instrument yielded fifteen useable replies from selected companies with participative programs in fourteen industries.Fourteen locations reported improved quality or productivity.Participative programs were often integral parts of quality/productivity programs. Sane locations operated two to five programs simultaneously.Training programs were judged as important contributors to major improvements in quality, productivity, or employee involvement. most locations did not attempt to estimate rate of return on training costs. Reported total training time ranged from 17 to 264 hours per employee. Five locations recommended same amount of training effort for all employees. Testing was seen as essential for skill training.Study recommended: management commitment; "awareness training" needs skill-building; customized programs; corporate resources or consultants to expedite application of new skills; only well-qualified, well-prepared trainer/facilitators; determination of training effectiveness; training program participation rewards.<br>Department of Educational Leadership
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Peschard, Mijares Guillermo Eduardo. "Manufacturing performance : a comparative study of engine plant productivity in the automotive industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37801.
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