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Journal articles on the topic 'Teaching of soils'
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1
Seybold, C. A., D. S. Harms, and R. B. Grossman. "Describing Soils: Calibration Tool for Teaching Soil Rupture Resistance." Journal of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Education 38, no. 1 (2009): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jnrlse2009.38111x.
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Nofziger, David L., and Jinquan Wu. "Soil Physics Teaching Tools: Steady-State Water Movement in Soils." Journal of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Education 29, no. 1 (2000): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jnrlse.2000.0130.
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M. L. Bubarai, Bapetel, and A. M. Tahir N. A. Abdulkadir. "Levels of Available Zinc in Soil of Teaching and Research Farm Modibbo Adama University, Yola, North East Nigeria." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 10, no. 9 (2021): 448–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2021.1009.052.
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A study was conducted to assess the status of available zinc in soil of Teaching and Research Farm, Modibbo Adama University, Yola North East, Nigeria. Ten soil samples were collected from 0 – 20 and 20 – 50 cm depths to reflect the soil of the study area. The soils were analysed following standard laboratory procedures. Result obtained showed that the soils were sandy loam to sandy clay loam, slightly acidic (mean = 6.4 – surface; 6.5 – subsurface soils), very low OC content (mean = 0.35 % – surface; 0.27 % – subsurface soils), low to medium Total N and exchangeable bases. Zinc was generally low to medium (range = 0.18 – 1.71; mean = 1.12 % in surface soils, and range = 0.32 – 2.71; mean = 1.35 % in subsurface soils). Zinc is not correlated with most of the soil properties in both soil depths. In surface soil, a positively correlation with potassium (r = 0.702*) was observed and negative correlation with Total N (r = -0.634*) in subsurface soils. It is recommended that for successful and profitable crop production, application of inorganic fertilizers plus zinc and organic material should be encouraged.
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Hmielowski, Tracy. "Teaching Soils with an Augmented Reality Sandbox." CSA News 62, no. 11 (2017): 8–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/csa2017.62.1101.
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H., Almu, Abdulkadir N.A., Sani A., Adamu U.K., and Aminu M.A. "Potassium Distribution in Surface Soils of Kust Teaching, Research and Commercial Farm, Gaya, Kano State." African Journal of Agriculture and Food Science 4, no. 2 (2021): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ajafs-qoqkelbv.
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A study was conducted on the distribution of potassium in the surface soil of Kano University of Science and Technology teaching, research and commercial farm, Gaya during 2018/2019 session. The contents of different forms of potassium were observed. Water soluble, exchangeable, non-exchangeable, mineral and total potassium were determined in surface soil (0–15cm) in KUST teaching, research and commercial farm, Gaya. The results showed that the average values for water soluble K, exchangeable K, non-exchangeable K, mineral K and total K were: 0.14, 0.18, 0.35, 1.36 and 3.92 Cmol/Kg soil respectively. The values for K saturation percentage (KSP) ranged between 0.12–019 and exchangeable K between 0.13–0.20 Cmol/Kg clay. There was a wide variation in the values of various forms of K and among indices associated with mineral composition in different soils. The results show that the values of K form in most of the studied soils are quite low. Consequently, the supplying power of potassium in these soils is low and the need for potassium fertilizer is recommended.
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Nelson, Lyle E. "Reflections on 35 years of teaching elementary soils." Journal of Agronomic Education 15, no. 1 (1986): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jae1986.0005.
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Kefas, P. K., S. Ali, K. I. Ofem, and C. P. Umeugokwe. "Genesis and classification of soils along a toposequence in the teaching and research farm of Taraba State University, Jalingo, Nigeria." Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences 19, no. 1 (2020): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v19i1.5.
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Investigations were made to reflect the genesis and classification of soils along a toposequence in the Teaching and Research farm of Taraba State University. The topographic map of the farm was developed in the ArcGIS 10.8 environment and a profile graph plotted out. One profile pit was sunk in each elevation range to represent soils in the summit, shoulder, back slope, foot slope and toe slope positions using the free survey approach. The soils were deep, well drained and generally described as A, B, C soils with extensive B horizons that showed clear illuviation of clay and sesquioxides. The soils were brown (7.5YR 3/4), dark brown (10YR 3/3) and dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) in the surface and dominated by sand with bulk density values that exceeded 1.5 Mg/m3. Soil pH values were moderately acid to neutral while organic C and exchangeable bases were low in all but foot slope position where high values of organic carbon were obtained in the surface soils. The content of dithionite and oxalate Fe and Al, and their derivatives indicate intense weathering condition of the soils as well as their combined movement with clay to endopedons. However, moderately high CEC and the likely presence of montmorillonite (via CECE/clay) are indications that the soils had good potentials for agriculture. Among the soil forming processes in the area were mineralization, eluviation-illuviation as well as ferritization. The soils were classified as Typic Rhodustults (Pretic Acrisols), Arenic Haplustults (Chromic Acrisols) and Paleustults (Haplic Acrisols).
 Keywords: pedogenesis, sesquioxides, classification, Basement Complex
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Pressler, Yamina, Mary Hunter-Laszlo, Sarah Bucko, et al. "Teaching Authentic Soil & Plant Science in Middle School Classrooms with a Biochar Case Study." American Biology Teacher 81, no. 4 (2019): 256–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2019.81.4.256.
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We designed two NGSS-aligned middle school classroom experiments to investigate the effects of biochar on plant growth and soil respiration. Biochar is a carbon-rich material, produced by heating organic matter under limited oxygen, that is added to soils to improve fertility, to promote plant growth, and as one possible strategy to help mitigate climate change. The experiments offer an ideal case study for students learning fundamentals of soil and plant interactions. Soils and biochar are accessible, are connected to global issues such as agriculture and climate change, and are the focus of ongoing research in soil science. These classroom experiments promote authentic science because students design replicated experiments, collect and analyze data, discuss variability in the data, and interpret their results in the context of recent research.
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Wadia, Adil Minoo, and William Clark. "Novel Way in Teaching Introductory Soil Science." Ohio Journal of Science 115, no. 2 (2015): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.18061/ojs.v115i2.4914.
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The importance of soils is often underemphasized in introductory undergraduate geology courses, despite their relevance to students and the communities in which they live. The high agricultural productivity of United States and the economic well-being of many of its communities are dependent on the physical properties of soils, as well as agricultural practices, human and natural history, and climate. Although this could be realized through lectures and memorization, in order to achieve the metacognitive changes necessary to promote long-term understanding and behavioral change associated with resource planning and conservation, learning activities that promote a deep approach rather than a surface approach to learning must be utilized, so that students are engaged in activities in which they are actively searching for meaning, rather than engaging in rote memorization. This paper discusses a teaching method in which the learning objectives, activities, and assessment are aligned to achieve this aim and presents evidence of its efficacy over seven years of its use.
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Khan, Adam. "Use of a lecture manual in teaching an introductory soils course." Journal of Agronomic Education 15, no. 1 (1986): 21–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jae1986.0021.
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Leskiw, Leonard A., Gerald M. Coen, Len M. Kryzanowski, et al. "Soil science at the University of Alberta: a century of service to science and society." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 100, no. 4 (2020): 319–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjss-2019-0158.
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This paper highlights major activities and achievements in soil science by professors at the University of Alberta (U of A), which provide incredible benefits to society, provincially, nationally, and globally. Evolution of the soils profession in Alberta commenced in 1919 with the hiring of F.A. Wyatt, who developed the Department of Soil Science (DSS) and initiated a soil survey program in Alberta. J.D. Newton joined the department in 1922, teaching and supporting soil surveys that led to a fertilizer program greatly benefitting agriculture. With time, opportunities and problems were encountered with utilization of soils. U of A soil scientists conducted inventories, conducted innovative research, developed superior management techniques, and through evolving education and extension, continuously helped bring improvements to how we utilized and managed soil resources. The DSS 100 yr evolution is chronicled under the themes of pedology (including soil survey), soil fertility, soil sustainability (conservation, land reclamation, and contaminant remediation), with embedded specialized studies within these themes.
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Stoof, Cathelijne R., Jasper H. J. Candel, Laszlo A. G. M. van der Wal, and Gert Peek. "Soil lacquer peel do-it-yourself: simply capturing beauty." SOIL 5, no. 2 (2019): 159–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/soil-5-159-2019.
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Abstract. Visualization can greatly benefit understanding of concepts and processes, which in soil science and geology can be done using real-life snapshots of soils and sediments in lacquer peels and glue peels. While it may seem complicated, anyone can make such a soil peel for use in classrooms, public places, homes, and offices for teaching, outreach, decoration, and awareness. Technological development has considerably simplified the making of soil peels, but this methodological innovation has not been described in the literature. Here, we report on a thoroughly tested and simple method for taking peels of sandy soils using readily available tools and materials. Our method follows the main previously published steps of preparing a soil face, impregnating the soil face with a fixation agent in the field, extracting the resulting peel, and mounting it on a wooden panel. Yet instead of using lacquers and thinning agents, we use strong though flexible contact adhesive (glue), which has the major advantage that it no longer requires use and mixing of toxic chemicals in the field or reinforcement of the peel to prevent breaking. Moreover, the preservation potential is much higher than with the old method. This new twist to old methods makes creation of soil peels safer, simpler, and more successful, and thereby a true DIY (do-it-yourself) activity. The resulting increased accessibility of making soil and sediment peels can benefit research, teaching, and science communication and can thereby bring the value and beauty of the ground below our feet to students, schools, policy makers, and the general public.
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Falcão, Cleire Lima da Costa, and José Falcão Sobrinho. "Educational material about soil education: from academic production to extension actions in basic education." Geopauta 5, no. 1 (2021): 5–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22481/rg.v5i1.7008.
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This article presents results of research and extension on “Education in Soils” project that consists in knowing, instrumentalizing and propagating the theme, showing new ways of studying and evaluating soil teaching, especially in basic education. It also seeks to encourage the exchange of information and experiences between teaching and research institutions. The analysis of didactic resources / materials is carried out by the students, through visits, which are monitored in the Pedology and Erosive Processes in Studies Laboratory. After the visits, questionnaires are applied to the visitors, for the purpose of evaluating the products. This time, it is possible to verify the value of the didactic resources produced, as well as the positive involvement of the research target audience.
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Adegbite, Kehinde Abodunde, Aruna Olasekan Adekiya, Ojo Timothy Vincent Adebiyi, et al. "Baseline fertility status of a gravelly Alfisol in a derived savannah agro-ecological zone of Nigeria." Open Agriculture 5, no. 1 (2020): 573–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opag-2020-0059.
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AbstractFarmers have not tested their soils for nutrient status and therefore are unaware of the fertility status of their soils. Therefore, a baseline fertility survey of 50 hectares of land of a gravelly Alfisol in the Teaching and Research Farm of Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria was carried out with a view to identifying soil health constraints and site-specific sustainable land management practices for optimizing crop production. Standard field protocols and laboratory analytical procedures were employed for all sample parameters measured. Results show that the soil textural classes vary from sand to loamy sand, exchangeable acidity, Ca, Mg, K, and Na and the effective cation exchange capacity has the surface and subsurface soil values of 0.0–0.92 and 0.00–0.89 cmol kg−1, 1.6–7.7 and 2.0–5.8 cmol kg−1, 1.2–11.5 and 0.7–8.0 cmol kg−1, 0.09–0.33 and 0.09–0.43 cmol kg−1, 0.0–0.16 and 0.04–0.16 cmol kg−1, 7.2–12.10 and 0.9–12.5 cmol kg−1, respectively. P values lie in the ranges of 2.5–68.9 mg kg−1 and 2.0–37.7 mg kg−1 in the surface and subsurface soils, respectively, organic C values were 0.86–2.81% and 0.68–3.49%, respectively, in the surface and subsurface soils while the values of N were 0.12–0.61% in the surface and 0.11–0.56% subsurface soils. Land evaluation shows that the soils of the project site are very fragile and poor in native fertility. Compound fertilizers low in nitrogen contents but high in phosphorus and potassium are recommended for gravelly Alfisol in a derived savannah ecological zone of the Kwara State, Nigeria to avoid a nutrient imbalance that may create artificial deficiencies of otherwise adequate nutrient elements.
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Prokof’eva, Tatiana V. "Experience of the teaching of soil classification systems to students at different stages of education (Faculty of Soil Science, LMSU, Russia)." Bulletin of Geography. Physical Geography Series 14, no. 1 (2018): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bgeo-2018-0008.
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Abstract Soil classification systems provide a common language for scientific communication, represent the diversity of soils and create a scientific basis for soil management, monitoring and conservation. There are several soil classifications currently in use in Russia. Teaching soil systematics to students at the Faculty of Soil Science of the LMSU has developed over the years to meet specific requirements at different stages of education. Students learn to use and correlate different classification systems. Bachelor’s students study classifications to enable professional communication and describing soil diversity. Master’s students further learn the key principles of soil formation, historical and current trends in the development of soil science and the international terminology of soil science. Studying different aspects of the theory and practice of soil classification at different stages of education gives our students a solid base for systematising their knowledge and acquiring skills in scientific research.
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Dada, B. F., and B. S. Ewulo. "Manure and lime amendment effects on soil pH, fertility, microbe population and respiration." South Asian Journal of Experimental Biology 1, no. 4 (2011): 172–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.38150/sajeb.1(4).p172-177.
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Soils of the tropical and subtropical climate are intensively weathered, acidicand have low native fertility. In order to determine the effect of lime and itscombination with either poultry manure or Tithonia diversifolia on tropicalrainforest soil, top soils were collected from the Teaching and Research Farmof the Federal University of Technology, Akure (7 â€Â5’ N, long 5â€Â10’ E) in SouthWest, Nigeria and incubated. Five treatments and a control were establishedat Soil:Lime:Manure ratio of 10:1:1, the treatments were; Soil+Lime (S+L),Soil+Lime+ Tithonia diversifolia (S+L+T), Soil+Lime+Poultry manure (S+L+PM),Soil+ Tithonia diversifolia (S+T), Soil+Poultry manure (S+PM), and a control S.The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomised Design (CRD) withthree replicates and soil water maintained at field capacity. Soil sampleswere collected for chemical analysis, soil respiration measurement and microbecount at the 2 nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, and10th week. Data collected were subjectedto statistical analysis and the result showed that the application ofLime, poultry manure and T. diversifolia and their combinations reduced soilacidity. The combination of lime with poultry manure or T. Tithonia diversifoliaimproved soil nutrient and microbes count. Lime combined with poultrymanure most favoured rapid multiplication of soil bacteria.â€Â
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McMahan, Linda. "Innovative Teaching of Botany to Master Gardener Trainees." HortScience 41, no. 4 (2006): 968C—968. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.4.968c.
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The science of botany is often daunting to people who are training to become Master Gardener volunteers. However, the range of natural diversity of plants as well as practical information about plant anatomy are essential foundations for other parts of Master Gardener training. I will present a botany module that I have developed over the past 5 years. The module focuses on relevance to the trainee and builds on basic information to examine more complex aspects of botany, all in the space of the 3–6 hours often allotted for basic botany training. It begins with a “tour” of the plant kingdom and plant relatives like algae and fungi, mosses, liverworts, and ferns. I follow this with basic morphology of stems, roots, and leaves; this basic morphology is used to answer the question of how water and minerals move from the soil into and throughout plants, even reaching the height of the tallest tree. A short segment on mycorhizzae reinforces water and mineral transport, while providing a link to the plant kingdom tour. The mycorhizzal section also reinforces or complements training on soils, which is often presented in another portion of the training schedule. Finally, a segment on flowers introduces basic terminology and winds up a discussion of how to recognize monocotyledons and dicotyledons. Several optional hands-on activities help active learners assimilate the information and provide needed reflective time for more traditional learners. The module has been adopted as the official OSU Extension Master Gardener™ Program botany module in Oregon.
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Grebliunas, Brian D., Shalamar D. Armstrong, and William L. Perry. "Changes in Water-Extractable Organic Carbon with Cover Crop Planting under Continuous Corn Silage Production." Air, Soil and Water Research 9 (January 2016): ASWR.S30708. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/aswr.s30708.
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Long-term row crop agricultural production has dramatically reduced the pool of soil organic carbon. The implementation of cover crops in Midwestern agroecosystems is primarily to reduce losses of nitrogenous fertilizers, but has also been shown to restore soil carbon stocks over time. If labile carbon within agricultural soils could be increased, it could improve soil health, and if mobilized into subsurface drainage, it may positively impact watershed biogeochemistry. We tested for potential differences in water-extractable organic carbon (WEOC) at two different soil profiles (0-5 cm and 5-20 cm) between plots planted with cereal rye/daikon radish (cover crop), corn, and zero control (no vegetation) within the Illinois State University Research and Teaching Farm. We also tested for potential differences in denitrification within the upper soil profile throughout the growing year. We modeled excitation–emission matrices from soil cores through parallel factor analysis. We found no difference in WEOC concentrations between each crop treatment ( P = 0.2850), but concentrations of WEOC were significantly lower in the 5-20 cm profile than that in the upper (0-5 cm) profile ( P = 0.0033). There was a significant increase in WEOC after each treatment in samples after cover crop termination. The parallel factor analysis model found humic and fulvic acids to be the dominant fractions of WEOC in all soils tested. Humic and fulvic acids accounted for ~70% and 30% of model variation. Denitrification rates did not differ across treatments ( P = 0.3520), which is likely attributed to soil WEOC being in limiting quantities and in primarily recalcitrant fractions. After three years, cover crops do not appear to alter soil WEOC quantity and type. Restoring the availability of carbon within agricultural soils will not be a short-term fix, and fields will likely be a net carbon sink, contributing minimal labile carbon to receiving waterways.
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Terekhova, Natalya Vladimirovna, and Elena Aleksandrovna Zubova. "Information and Communication Technologies of Teaching Higher Mathematics To Students of Engineering Specialties At Technical Universities." Revista Amazonia Investiga 9, no. 27 (2020): 560–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/ai/2020.27.03.60.
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Excessive anthropogenic pressure on land resources in Ukraine leads to a deterioration of their quality, and consequently they lose their potential. Human impact on the change of land quality can be direct (by involving land lots in use, carrying out economic activities) and indirect (as a result of such activity, enhancing the natural degradation of soils). The tendency of deterioration of the state of land resources requires the subordination of land relations to the main goal – to ensure comprehensive protection of this major national wealth of Ukraine. Legal support for the protection of agricultural land is considered as a single complex of interdependent elements: legal standards for the protection of land, soil, agricultural landscapes, and the mechanism for their implementation – legally significant measures: economic, organizational, scientific and technical. At the same time, it was concluded that the system of legal regulation of the use of agricultural land is not sufficiently saturated with mechanisms for regulating agricultural activity.
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CALLAGHAN, ARTHUR. "Teaching Techniques for Mycology: 22. Disclosure of Conidiobolus and Basidiobolus from soils and leaf litters." Mycologist 18, no. 1 (2004): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269915x04001053.
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Kosanin, Olivera, and Milan Knezevic. "Production potential of the soil in sessile oak coppice forests." Bulletin of the Faculty of Forestry, no. 92 (2005): 87–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsf0592087k.
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The soils in sessile oak forests were studied at three localities in the region of Northeast Serbia. Brownised dystrict humus-siliceous soil was studied on gneiss in M.U. "Zlatica" - N.P. "Djerdap", in the forest of sessile oak with fescue grass (Quercetum montanum subass. festucetosum heterophyllae). Dystric acid brown soil on gneiss was studied in the region of F.E. "Severni Kucaj", M.U. "Ravna Reka", in the community of sessile oak and hornbeam (Querco-Carpinetum moesiacum), and in the region of the Teaching Base "Majdanpecka Domena" in M.U. "Crna Reka - Pek", in the forest of sessile oak with hairy sedge (Quercetum montanum subass. caricetosum pilosae) on schist's. Eutric brown soil was studied on amphibolite schist and on basic and neutral eruptive rocks in the region of N.P. "Djerdap", in M.U. "Zlatica", in the typical sessile oak forest (Quercetum montanum subass. tipicum).
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Babajide, Popoola, Gbadamosi, Oyedele, and Liasu. "EVALUATION OF PHYTO-EXTRACTION POTENTIALS AND PERFORMANCE OF FALSE SESAME (CERATOTHECA SESAMOIDES) UNDER INDUCED SOIL POLLUTION BY AUTOMOBILE LUBRICANT IN SAVANNA ECOREGION." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 5, no. 11 (2017): 355–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i11.2017.2368.
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While strategizing towards achieving improved soil fertility for sustainable tropical crop production, timely application of fertilizers on regular basis alone is not the University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria best approach, particularly on polluted soils. However, seeking for reliable natural, biological and environment friendly means of ensuring effective riddance of toxic elements or heavy metals from tropical agricultural soils is equally a worthwhile technology. An open-field potted experiment was conducted during early raining season of 2016 (March-July), at the Teaching and Research Farms of Oyo State College of Agriculture and Technology, Igboora, to investigate the effect of spent engine oil polluted soil conditions on performance and heavy metal accumulation potentials of Ceratothecasesamoides. Spent engine oil was applied at different concentrations (0.0ml, 50.0ml, 100.0ml, 150.0ml, and 200.0ml to each pot containing 7kg soil. Four pots per treatments were used. The trial was arranged in Completely Randomised Design (CRD), replicated three (3) times. Data were collected on growth parameters (number of leaves, plant height, stem girth, leaf length and leaf breadth). The data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was used to the means. Pre and post-cropping soil analyses were carried out, for determination of nutrient concentrations. Also, after the termination of the experiment, plant samples were collected from each of the pots for oven-drying followed by determination of nutrient concentrations (including the heavy metals). Oil pollution significantly affected growth and heavy metal accumulation of the test-crop. Growth decreases with increasing rate of lubricant application, while the heavy metal concentrations in the test-crop increased with increasing concentrations of the applied spent engine oil. Thus, Ceratothecasesamoides is a wild plant which could be easily exploited for its heavy metals hyper-accumulative or phyto-extractive potentials, so as to reclaim heavy metals polluted soils from toxicity, for sustainable crop production.
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Patton, J. J., L. Burras, M. E. Konen, and N. E. Molstad. "An Accurate and Inexpensive Apparatus and Method for Teaching and Measuring Stable Aggregate Content of Soils." Journal of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Education 30, no. 1 (2001): 84–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jnrlse.2001.0084.
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Martynenko, O. V., V. N. Karminov, E. S. Yugaj, I. R. Mutygullin, and P. V. Ontikov. "The use of GIS for agrochemical soil characteristics and weed infestation of Grebnevskiy nursery of Shchelkovskiy teaching and experimental forestry." Dokuchaev Soil Bulletin, no. 99 (December 9, 2019): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.19047/0136-1694-2019-99-5-20.
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The article deals with the features of soil-agrochemical inspection of the nursery area with the use of geoinformation technologies. The purpose of this work was to conduct a soil survey of arable sod-podzolic medium - or light-loamy soils of the territory of the forest nursery, as well as estimation of production area contamination with weeds. The peculiarity of this study was the fact that the process of collection, systematization and processing of all compiled information was focused on the use of modern geographic information systems. Survey points were chosen in coordination with the administration of the nursery and were precised according to the actual space images. Geographical reference of testing points was carried out using global positioning technologies (GPS, GLONASS) based on the NextGIS mobile application (Android OS). Photofixation of nursery fields was performed by means of geotagging technologies, which allow implementation of the obtained graphic information directly into the geographic information system (GIS). The soil samples collected in the field were analyzed in the soil laboratory in order to determine the main indicators of soil fertility. On the basis of the received data the cartograms were developed by means of GIS, which provide information on the main nutrients content in the soil of nursery fields as well as on the most important indicators characterizing the soil absorbing complex (soil acidity, degree of base saturation, etc.). The study of weed infestation allowed developing the thematic map representing the weeds propagation on the nursery fields. All collected information was combined into a comprehensive geographic information system developed on the basis of Quantum GIS shell. As a result, the developed GIS will contribute to operational monitoring of soil fertility and ensure informational support for agricultural machinery applied in the nursery for growing planting material.
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Van Nuland, Michael E., Miranda Chen, and Benjamin J. England. "Bringing Plants & Soils to Life through a Simple Role-Playing Activity." American Biology Teacher 81, no. 4 (2019): 287–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2019.81.4.287.
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Interactions are at the core of many ecological and evolutionary forces in nature. Plant–soil interactions provide a rich example of the interconnectedness of living systems, but they are hidden from everyday view and overshadowed in the classroom by more popular teaching examples involving animals, reptiles, or invertebrates. To highlight the importance and relevance of plant–soil relationships, we devised a simple role-playing activity suitable for college students. Specifically, the activity simulates how feedbacks between plants and soil environments influence plant species abundance and community richness. With this activity, students will gain a better understanding of these prolific, but overlooked, forms of biological interactions that impact the diversity and functioning of ecosystems.
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Milatz, Marius. "Application of single-board computers in experimental research on unsaturated soils." E3S Web of Conferences 195 (2020): 02022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019502022.
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In this contribution, the application of single-board computers for the investigation of the hydro-mechanical behaviour of unsaturated granular soils is presented. Single-board computers, such as the Raspberry Pi or Arduino, have recently experienced a hype of applications in school and university teaching, in the maker scene, amongst hobbyists, but also in research. In combination with easy to learn and open programming languages, such as Python, individual experimental set-ups for research in unsaturated soil mechanics, using actuators and sensors can be easily developed with the help of different programmable hardware, such as stepper motors, analog-to-digital converters and other controller boards. For the experimental application in imaging of unsaturated granular soils by computed tomography (CT), we present a miniaturized uniaxial compression device for the measurement of unsaturated shear strength and capillary cohesion in CT-experiments. The device has already been applied for CT-imaging of the development of water distribution and capillary bridges in between different shear steps. Furthermore, a new fully programmable hydraulic experimental set-up for the automated investigation of transient hydraulic paths of the water retention curve of granular media is presented. Both devices have been developed in the framework of the Raspberry Pi single-board computer and Python programming language with simple and relatively inexpensive hardware components. In addition to the technical development of the testing devices, experimental results of the hydro-mechanical behaviour of unsaturated sand and glass beads, derived from uniaxial compression tests and water retention tests, will be presented.
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Gerasimova, Maria, and Olga Bezuglova. "The Soil Classification course in Russian universities: an important ingredient of education." Bulletin of Geography. Physical Geography Series 14, no. 1 (2018): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bgeo-2018-0007.
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Abstract The teaching of soil classification in the universities of Russia is being discussed as a comparatively new experience in the education of environmental science students. The lecture course (24–30 academic hours) changes in response to the inevitable changes in soil classification systems. In the introduction, the objectives and structure of soil classifications are outlined, and then a brief overview of the most well-known national systems is given, which is also important for understanding the difficulties, origin and problems of the International WRB system. The latter is the central point of the lecture course: its principles are explained, the main diagnostic features of Reference Soil Groups are communicated, and students are trained to use system basing on the descriptions of soil profiles and analytical data relating to them. As a result, students give WRB names to soils either by correlating with a name from the national system, which is familiar to them, or by looking at soil profile photos; in both cases morphological and analytical data are clarified by the teacher. Chernozem is used as an example for training. In the conclusion, the reasons to know soil classifications are specified, and they are differentiated for soil scientists, geochemists and geographers.
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Sanni, Kehinde Oseni. "Effect of compost, cow dung and NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer on growth and yield performance of Amaranth (Amaranthus hybridus)." International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research 2, no. 3 (2016): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.7439/ijasr.v2i3.3148.
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Nigerian soils are generally low in fertility and enhanced crop yield is only possible through external use of organic and inorganic fertilizers. The present study was carried out under field condition at Teaching and Research Farms, Lagos State Polytechnic, Ikorodu to evaluate effects of compost, cow dung and NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer amendments on the growth and yield performances of Amaranthus hybridus. The obtained results indicated that all treatments significantly achieved an increment in morphological parameters (numbers of leaves stem girth, leaf area and plant height) and fresh weight yield comparing with the control. The best results in terms of these characters were obtained in the following order Cow dung > compost > NPK 15-15-15 and control. Post soil analysis shows that all the treatments reduced the soil pH from 6.20 to a range between 5.58-5.68 and available phosphorus, magnesium, organic carbon, total nitrogen and CEC increased significantly compared with control plot. Results suggest that the use of cow dung and composts has potential to improve the growth and yield of amaranth and improves the soil physiochemical properties in the study area.
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Eifediyi, Ehiokhilen Kevin, Samson Uduzei Remison, Henry Emeka Ahamefule, Kameel Olubukola Azeez, and Phillip Olumide Fesobi. "Performance of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) in response to organic and NPK fertilizers." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Agriculture and Environment 9, no. 1 (2017): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ausae-2017-0001.
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Abstract The soil of North-Central Nigeria is home to many plant products that are used as industrial raw materials, and after processing their waste are often left in drainage channels, which ultimately find their way into rivers and streams where they pollute these water bodies, and sometimes some of these materials are burnt, which further aggravates global warming. In addition, the soil of the region is characterized by low organic matter content because of annual bush burnings, which reduce the low humus content of soils. Watermelon requires a fertile soil, which is high in organic matter content, while infertile soils yield an increased production of male flowers at the expense of female flowers, which results in low fruit set. Therefore, a study was carried out at the University of Ilorin Teaching and Research Farm, Ilorin, North-Central Nigeria, during the rainy seasons of 2013 and 2014 to assess the effect of different organic materials on the growth and yield of watermelon. The factors imposed were a control, NPK fertilizer and five organic materials (neem seed cake (NSC), jatropha seed cake (JSC), poultry manure (PM), compost manure (CM), and cow dung (CD)). The experiment was a randomized complete block design (RCBD) replicated thrice. Data collected on soil physico-chemical properties were: organic matter content, soil pH, organic carbon, total N, P, K, Ca, and Mg, bulk density (BD), micro porosity (MIP), macro porosity (MAP), and saturated hydraulic conductivity (KS). Plant parameters evaluated include growth (vine length and number of leaves) and yield (number of fruits per plant, fruit weight per plant, and yield ha−1). Results indicated that the organic matter content increased after the first year’s cropping and declined at the end of the study. The amended plots showed significantly higher values (P < 0.05) with respect to most soil physical properties (MIP), (MAP), and (KS), except the BD, where the values were lower. The bulk density particularly deteriorated on soils that were not organically amended. In addition, the soil chemical properties examined increased following the first year’s cropping, and thereafter declined at the end of the second-year cropping season. The response of watermelon showed that the two years’ yield data ranged between 334 and 402 t/ha, 306 and 390 t/ha, and 38.25 and 59.20 t/ha for NPK, poultry manure, and control treatments respectively. From the results, it was observed that the organic amendments were environmentally more friendly compared to the inorganic amendment (NPK fertilizer) in terms of positive effects on soil structural properties.
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Traaholt, Anne, and Kjartan Fønsteilen. "Can 3000 schoolchildren make history? How to involve a community in exploring its late medieval roots; field report from an ongoing slow archaeology project." AP: Online Journal in Public Archaeology 6, no. 2 (2017): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.23914/ap.v6i2.81.
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Many archaeological excavations leave behind great amounts ofunresearched cultural layers ready to be cleared when the bulldozers move in to start new construction at the site. This can be due to parts of site falling outside the main scientific focus or soil removed due to development without any prior proper excavation taking place. These soils, often rich in artefacts are later lost when new area use takes place. The project presented here shows how such cultural layers can provide valuable teaching grounds for young people even when they have been removed from the site. By creating a program where large numbers of schoolchildren from the region near to a particular site annually participate in excavations of a cultural layers rescued after the scientific researchers have left the site, we have put local history on the agenda. The children come with their teachers to a local museum and they all become ‘archaeologist for a day’ by participating in sifting through the soil, catalog the artefacts and add their understanding of their region’s history. All guided by archaeologists on the spot.Involving schoolchildren in a long lasting excavation project gives a rare opportunity to develop a constructive relationship with a community.
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Reyes, Adriana-Elizabeth, and Jorge-Manuel Dueñas. "Medicinal gardens as an educational strategy in the teaching of the natural sciences: A pedagogical proposal." Research in Social Sciences and Technology 6, no. 1 (2021): 25–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.46303/ressat.2021.2.
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The main objective of this study was to design and implement a didactic strategy focused on the development of scientific competencies and environmental skills through the recovery of ancestral practices associated with plants. This research also aimed to enhance the capacities associated with leadership and entrepreneurship based on the application of curricular content in the natural sciences and to address problems in social and cultural contexts. Seeking school motivation strategies for rural students from a rural institution in the municipality of (eliminated for blind review), natural sciences teachers designed didactic-pedagogical alternatives employing situated learning that would allow them to contribute to solving school problems and environmental issues affecting rural areas. School problems such as apathy, dropout, and poor school performance, among others, were identified as issued to be addressed. The environmental phenomena included the loss of fertile soils and the harmful effects of the use of agrochemicals. Medicinal gardens together with situated learning activities proved a useful teaching tool in formal rural educational settings.
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Pires, Luiz Fernando, André Maurício Brinatti, and Sérgio da Costa Saab. "Experimental Method to Determine Some Physical Properties in Physics Classes." Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 39, no. 5 (2015): 1507–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/01000683rbcs20140766.
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ABSTRACT Particle density, gravimetric and volumetric water contents and porosity are important basic concepts to characterize porous systems such as soils. This paper presents a proposal of an experimental method to measure these physical properties, applicable in experimental physics classes, in porous media samples consisting of spheres with the same diameter (monodisperse medium) and with different diameters (polydisperse medium). Soil samples are not used given the difficulty of working with this porous medium in laboratories dedicated to teaching basic experimental physics. The paper describes the method to be followed and results of two case studies, one in monodisperse medium and the other in polydisperse medium. The particle density results were very close to theoretical values for lead spheres, whose relative deviation (RD) was -2.9 % and +0.1 % RD for the iron spheres. The RD of porosity was also low: -3.6 % for lead spheres and -1.2 % for iron spheres, in the comparison of procedures – using particle and porous medium densities and saturated volumetric water content – and monodisperse and polydisperse media.
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Simonne, Eric H., and Chad M. Hutchinson. "Controlled-release Fertilizers for Vegetable Production in the Era of Best Management Practices: Teaching New Tricks to an Old Dog." HortTechnology 15, no. 1 (2005): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.15.1.0036.
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Best management practices (BMPs) for vegetable crops are under development nationwide and in Florida. One goal of the Florida BMP program is to minimize the possible movement of nitrate-nitrogen from potato (Solanum tuberosum) production to surface water in the St. Johns River watershed without negatively impacting potato yields or quality. Current fertilizer BMPs developed for the area focus on fertilizer rate. Controlled-release fertilizers (CRF) have long been a part of nutrient management in greenhouse and nursery crops. However, CRFs have been seldom used in field-vegetable production because of their cost and release characteristics. Nutrient release curves for CRFs are not available for the soil moisture and temperature conditions prevailing in the seepage-irrigated soils of northern Florida. Controlled-leaching studies (pot-in-pot) in 2000 and 2001 have shown that plant-available nitrogen (N) was significantly higher early in the season from ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate and urea compared to selected CRFs. However, N release from off-the-shelf and experimental CRFs was too slow, resulting in N recoveries ranging from 13% to 51%. Cost increase due to the use of CRFs for potato production ranged from $71.66 to $158.14/ha ($29 to $64 per acre) based on cost of material and N application rate. This higher cost may be offset by reduced application cost and cost-share pro-grams. Adoption of CRF programs by the potato (and vegetable) industry in Florida will depend on the accuracy and predictability of N release, state agencies' commitment to cost-share programs, and CRFs manufacturers' marketing strategies. All interested parties would benefit in the development of BMPs for CRFs.
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Adamu, UK, A. Muhammad, and IA Adam. "Evaluation of Soil Reaction, Exchangeable Acidity and Cation Exchange Capacity of Soils from Kano University of Science and Technology Wudil Teaching, Research and Commercial Farm, Gaya." Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 7, no. 1 (2014): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bajopas.v7i1.10.
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Adekiya, Aruna Olasekan, Christopher Muyiwa Aboyeji, Oluwagbenga Dunsin, Ojo Vincent Adebiyi, and Oreoluwa Titilope Oyinlola. "Effect of Urea Fertilizer and Maize Cob Ash on Soil Chemical Properties, Growth, Yield, and Mineral Composition of Okra, Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) MOENCH." Journal of Horticultural Research 26, no. 1 (2018): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/johr-2018-0008.
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Abstract Field experiments were carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria, in the cropping seasons of 2015 and 2016. The soil at the site of the experiment is an Alfisol classified as an Oxichaplustalf or a Luvisol. The trial consisted of sole and combined applications of urea fertilizer (U) applied at 0, 60, and 120 kg·ha−1 and maize cob ash (M) applied at 0, 3, and 6 t·ha−1. The results showed that U and M alone or in combinations increased the soil chemical properties, growth, yield, and mineral composition of okra compared with the control. M alone at 3 t·ha−1 produced optimum soil chemical properties, yield, and mineral composition of okra fruit. U alone at 60 kg·ha−1 produced optimum yield of okra, while growth and mineral composition were increased when urea fertilizer was applied at 120 kg·ha−1. The treatment with U applied at 60 kg·ha−1 in combination with M applied at 3 t·ha−1 (U60M3) produced the highest values of okra yield, while U applied at 120 kg·ha−1 in combination with M applied at 3 t·ha−1 (U120M3) has the highest growth and highest N, K, Ca, Cu, and Fe contents of okra fruit. Compared with the control and using the mean of the two years, U60M3 increased okra fruit yield by 93.3%. Therefore, for viable production of okra in low nutrient soil of the Nigeria derived savanna or similar soils elsewhere, 60 kg·ha−1 U + 3 t·ha−1 M (U60M3) is recommended. However, for improved mineral quality of okra, 120 kg·ha−1 U + 3 t·ha−1 M (U120M3) is recommended.
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Stephen Okhumata Dania, Adebimpe Omowumi Ayegbe, and Bright Ehijiele Amenkhienan. "Effect of different rates of sawdust - piggery compost on soil properties and yield of maize in nutrient depleted soil." World Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology and Sciences 3, no. 1 (2021): 016–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjaets.2021.3.1.0042.
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Compost is an important source of organic fertilizer that can be used to amend degraded soil to improve soil nutrient and crops yield. This experiment was to evaluate the effect of sawdust – piggery compost on soil properties, growth and yield of maize and it was carried out at the Ambrose Alli University Teaching and Research Farm, Emaudo, Ekpoma, Edo State. The experiment was fitted in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with seven treatments and three replicates. The treatments were; control (0), 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 tonnes of sawdust – piggery compost per hectares (ha-1). Data collected were analysed using ANOVA and LSD was used to separate means. Soil nutrients were below critical levels and the application of compost improved fertility status of the soil. Growth parameters, dry matter yield, cob weight, grain yield and nutrient uptake were determined. It was observed that application of Sawdust – piggery compost significantly (p 0.05) increased the growth of maize compared to control. The application of 8 to 12 tonnes of sawdust – piggery compost significantly (p 0.05) increased the plant height, leaf area and stem girth of maize compared to other treatments. The application of 8 to 12 tonnes per hectares (ha-1) of sawdust – piggery compost significantly (p 0.05) increased the cob weight, grain and dry matter yield of maize compared to other treatments, however, the application of 10 t ha-1 of compost to maize increased grain yield of maize than others rate of applications with the yield value of 4.60 t ha-1. The uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were higher with application of 12 tonnes of compost. In conclusion, the application rates of 10 t ha-1 of sawdust – piggery compost per hectare on nutrient depleted soils will improve the growth and yield of maize.
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Adiaha, M. S. "COMBATING TROPICAL SOIL DEGRADATION: THE ROLE OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER AS A CLIMATE-SMART STRATEGY TOWARDS MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.) PRODUCTIVE CULTIVATION." Міжвідомчий тематичний науковий збірник "Меліорація і водне господарство", no. 1 (July 22, 2019): 5–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31073/mivg201901-160.
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Challenges facing humanity over the years include food insecurity, loss of soil and water resources and associated ecosystem disturbance. The rate of hungry people in developing world keeps on increasing and causing death and malnutrition. Food shortages, food insecurity or undernourishment has assumed a global dimension especially as climate change hits the globe with its negative impacts, with more severe cases recorded in the poor-resource African countries. Soil is the natural capital which drives the agricultural sector, being a strong-hole for crop/animal farming, apart-from being a medium for production of raw materials which powers industrial and domestic production. The inherent quality of soil is impaired by various factors including climate variability like excessive rainfall, which ends-up leaching nutrients downstream, thereby resulting in contamination of water bodies with fertilizer/agro-chemical residues. Like most tropical humid soils, the inherent quality of Nigerian soils is generally low, causing rapid degradation of applied nutrients and total crop failure in extreme cases. This has most often been exacerbated by most prevalent land use/agricultural systems, coupled with the problem of over-grazing and indiscriminate deforestation, alongside rapid population expansion with consequent urbanization and industrialization. For effective soil management, especially in the face of climate change, the need for Climate-Smart Strategy (CSS) towards agricultural production becomes imperative, inother to find a Sustainable Approach (SA) to man’s drive towards food production for effective survival. For efficient maize (Zea mays L.) production, application of mineral fertilizer becomes an important aspect for human/animal food production. Field experimentation was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Cross River University of Technology (Latitude 6° 06ꞌ N and Longitude 8° 18ꞌ E), to evaluate the potential of Nitrogen fertilizer as a Climate-Smart Approach (CSA) for sustainable maize production in the humid tropics. Maize seed variety: Ikom Local White were treated to one level of Nitrogen fertilizer at 0.078 kg ha-1. The treatment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The treatment were replicated four time to give a total of sixteen (16) field plots. Data collection on plant growth parameters (number of leaves and height of maize) were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), while significant means among treatments were separated using Least Significant Difference (LSD) at 5% probability level. Result obtained showed that plots treated with 0.078 kg ha-1 of Nitrogen fertilizer (N-Fertilizer) significantly (p˂0.05) increase growth parameter of maize over the control. Outcome of the study concluded that 0.078 kg ha-1 of N-Fertilizer applied to Maize planted at 1m spacing between plants on bed increase crop growth, and acts as a CSA to remedy the rapid degradation of humid tropical soil productivity, and for environmental sustainability.
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EIFEDIYI, Ehiokhilen Kevin, Grace Adejoke ILORI, Henry Emeka AHAMEFULE, and Abduquadir Yusuf IMAM. "The effects of zinc biofortification of seeds and NPK fertilizer application on the growth and yield of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)." Acta agriculturae Slovenica 117, no. 1 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2021.117.1.1252.
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<p>Soils of the southern Guinea savanna zone of Nigeria are inherently infertile due to shortened fallow period and the continuous use of inorganic fertilizer which depletes the soil of micronutrients such as zinc over time. A field trial was carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm of the University of Ilorin, Nigeria during the 2016 and 2017 cropping seasons to evaluate the effect of zinc and NPK fertilizer on the growth, yield and zinc concentration of seeds of sesame. The experiment was laid out as a factorial fitted into a randomized complete block design (RCBD), replicated thrice. The treatment consisted of four levels of ZnSO<sub>4</sub> (0, 5, 10 and 15 kg ha<sup>-1</sup>) and four levels of NPK 15:15:15 (0, 100, 200 and 300 kg ha<sup>-1</sup>). Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and means were separated using new Duncan multiple range test at 5 % level of probability. Results obtained showed significant effects of Zn and NPK rates on plant height, number of leaves, yield per plot and yield per hectare. The application of 15 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> Zn and 300 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> (15:15:15) NPK resulted in high yield and high zinc content of seeds.</p>
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Omotoso, S. O., and A. E. Salami. "Comparative agronomic effectiveness of two agrowastes and NPK fertilizer on the performance of Amaranthus caudatus." Journal of Agriculture, Forestry and the Social Sciences 15, no. 1 (2020): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/joafss.v15i1.2.
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Production of agricultural wastes is increasing while soils are progressively losing organic matter due to intensive cultivation and climatic conditions. This makes the recycling of organic wastes a useful alternative to incineration, landfill or rubbish dumps. The effects of two agro- wastes and mineral fertilizer on growth and yield of leaf amaranth were assessed in a pot experiment at the Teaching and Research Farm, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti. Treatments consisted of poultry manure (PM) and palm oil mill effluent (POME) each applied at 8 and 16MT/ha while NPK 15-15-15 was applied at 150, 200kgha-1 and no fertilizer as control. Seeds of amaranthus caudatus variety were sown in plastic pot (50x20x40cm) containing 20kg top soil. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design replicated three times. Data were taken on plant height, stem girth, number of leaves plant-1, leaf area, root length, fresh weight, dry weight, edible yield and above ground plant weight at 6 weeks after planting. The results revealed that the agrowastes significantly (p<0.05) resulted in better performance of leaf amaranth. Application of 16MT/ha PM gave the highest fresh and edible weight of 211.23 and 98.80g respectively. POME also performed better than NPK fertilizer in some of the parameters measured. This indicated that PM and POME could serves as an alternative sources of nutrient to mineral fertilizer for leaf amaranth and also a sustainable fertility management strategy for crop production.
 Keywords: amaranth, palm oil mill effluent, organic fertilizer, NPK fertilizer, utilization
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Tabuenca, Bernardo, Vicente García-Alcántara, Carlos Gilarranz-Casado, and Samuel Barrado-Aguirre. "Fostering Environmental Awareness with Smart IoT Planters in Campuses." Sensors 20, no. 8 (2020): 2227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20082227.
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The decrease in the cost of sensors during the last years, and the arrival of the 5th generation of mobile technology will greatly benefit Internet of Things (IoT) innovation. Accordingly, the use of IoT in new agronomic practices might be a vital part for improving soil quality, optimising water usage, or improving the environment. Nonetheless, the implementation of IoT systems to foster environmental awareness in educational settings is still unexplored. This work addresses the educational need to train students on how to design complex sensor-based IoT ecosystems. Hence, a Project-Based-Learning approach is followed to explore multidisciplinary learning processes implementing IoT systems that varied in the sensors, actuators, microcontrollers, plants, soils and irrigation system they used. Three different types of planters were implemented, namely, hydroponic system, vertical garden, and rectangular planters. This work presents three key contributions that might help to improve teaching and learning processes. First, a holistic architecture describing how IoT ecosystems can be implemented in higher education settings is presented. Second, the results of an evaluation exploring teamwork performance in multidisciplinary groups is reported. Third, alternative initiatives to promote environmental awareness in educational contexts (based on the lessons learned) are suggested. The results of the evaluation show that multidisciplinary work including students from different expertise areas is highly beneficial for learning as well as on the perception of quality of the work obtained by the whole group. These conclusions rekindle the need to encourage work in multidisciplinary teams to train engineers for Industry 4.0 in Higher Education.
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SARAIVA, KLEITON ROCHA, THALES VINÍCIUS DE ARAÚJO VIANA, FRANCISCO MARCUS LIMA BEZERRA, SOLERNE CAMINHA COSTA, and RUBENS SONSOL GONDIM. "REGULATED DEFICIT IRRIGATION AND DIFFERENT MULCH TYPES ON FRUIT QUALITY AND YIELD OF WATERMELON." Revista Caatinga 30, no. 2 (2017): 437–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252017v30n219rc.
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ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to assess the pulp resistance, soluble solids and yield of watermelon fruits grown under different irrigation managements (determined by the ISAREG model) and mulches, and their interactions. After a survey carried out on local producers, two experiments were conducted, using a completely randomized block design in split-plot arrangement with four replications, in the Teaching, Research and Extension Unit (UEPE) of the Federal Institute of Ceara (IFCE), Jaguaribe-Apodi Irrigation District (DIJA), State of Ceara, Brazil. The treatments consisted of four irrigation managements in the plots, M1 (100% of the available-water capacity (AWC) of the soil), M2 (80%), M3 (60%) and M4 (average water depth used by local producers) and four mulch types in the sub-plots, without mulching (C0) with rice husk (C1), white plastic (C2) and black plastic (C3) as mulches. The results were subjected to analysis of variance, and significant results were subjected to regression (irrigation managements), average test (mulches) and trend graphs (interaction between the factors). The irrigation management practiced during the watermelon crop cycle by the local producers of the Irrigation District of Jaguaribe-Apodi (DIJA) in the State of Ceara, Brazil, is not appropriated, since they usually apply more water than the highest water depth determined by the ISAREG model (100% of the AWC). The plants grown under irrigation water depth of 365.20 mm (M1) and soils with mulches of rice husk or white plastic had the highest yields and fruits with better quality of soluble solids and pulp resistance.
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Aggarwal, Sangita. "THE COMBINATION OF COLORS IN THE PAINTINGS (WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE PAINTER "RAJA RAVI VARMA")." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 2, no. 3SE (2014): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v2.i3se.2014.3637.
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In the illustration, Rajaravivarma, the painter who created Rango's "Sparse Creating Property", was born on 29 April 1848 in Kilimannur. His painting interest was promoted by his maternal uncle, his uncle Rajavarma. Seeing his interest in painting, his maternal uncle was very happy and said, "Nothing comes from just teaching man." Some qualities are inherent in it. I will teach you to make colors, colors are made from leaves, flowers, chemical scenes, many castes and colored soils, but the artist has to find the color of his choice. "
 चित्रण में रंगो की ‘‘ स्प्रेस क्रिएटिंग प्रापर्टी ’’ को रचने वाले चित्रकार राजारविवर्मा का जन्म 29 अप्रैल 1848 ई. में किलीमन्नूर में हुआ। उनकी चित्रकला रूचि को उनकी चित्रांकन रूचि उनके मामा राजवर्मा ने बढावा दिया। चित्रकला रूचि को देखकर उनके मामा अत्यंत प्रसन्नचित्त हुये और कहा कि ‘‘मनुष्य को केवल सिखा देने से कुछ नहीं आता। कुछ गुण उसमें पैदाइशी होते हैं। मैं तुझे रंग बनाना सिखाऊॅंगा, पत्ते, फूल, रासायनिक दृव्य अनेक जाति और रंग की मिट्टी आदि से रंग तैयार होते हैं, लेकिन अपनी मर्जी का रंग तो कलाकार को ही खोजना पड़ता है।’’
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Abagyeh, S. O. I., S. Idoga, and F. Ibrahim. "Characterization and Suitability Evaluation of Soils of a Toposequence at University of Agriculture Makurdi Teaching and Research Farm for the Production of Rice (Oryza sativa) in Makurdi, Benue State." International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology 3, no. 3 (2018): 1019–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijeab/3.3.39.
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Peter, Babajide, OpasinaIfeoluwa, Ajibola Adijat, Noah, Oyedele Temitope, and Oyatokun. "INFLUENCE OF BOTANICALS ON SOIL FERTILITY POTENTIALS, SEED GERMINATION AND PERFORMANCE OF MAIZE (ZEA MAYS) VARIETIES UNDER LOW FERTILE CONTINUOUSLY-CROPPED SOIL CONDITIONS." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 5, no. 11 (2017): 400–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i11.2017.2374.
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It is not unreasonable to state that, even before the introduction of organic agriculture, African local farmers have numerous of undocumented environment-friendly, nature-inclined indigenous techniques for boosting soil fertility and enhancing crop yield. However, despite the versatility of indigenous knowledge, setback is always experienced from western science, which tags such knowledge as being non-scientific and not worthy of scholarly engagements. A field experiment was carried out in the year 2013, at the Teaching and Research Farms, LadokeAkintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, to assess the soil fertility and yield promoting potentials of some indigenous plant species’ botanicals used as pre-planting treatments on different maize varieties. It was a 3 by 5 factorial experiment. The treatments introduced were: Three (3) maize varieties (V1 = ACR-DMR-SR-Y, V2 = Local EM-W and V3 = Suwan Solo Yellow and five (5) other treatments (comprising pre-sowing botanical treatments of: Kigeliaafricana only, Glyphea brevis only, combination of Kigeliaafricana and Glyphea brevis only, NPK fertilizer application (as a reference) and the control (treated with ordinary water only). The trial was laid out in Split Plot in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), replicated three times. Data were collected on growth and yield parameters, and the data collected were analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Means were compared using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). All the botanical treatments significantly influenced germination, growth, yield and nutrient uptakes of maize, compared to the control. Either of the botanicals tested (with ordinary basal manure application of the pre-existing plant residues on the field), competed effectively with NPK fertilized plants. Hence, since maize responded better to sole treatments of either Kigeliaafricana or Glyphea brevis extracts, irrespective of varieties than the combined treatment of the two botanicals, any of the maize varieties is therefore recommended as being suitably compatible with either of the sole botanical treatments, in the study area. Thus, this research is reasonable, particularly in the aspects of fertilizer economy, environment-friendliness, organic farming and more profitable crop production in the tropics, where soils are continuously cropped and marginal.
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Giridhar, V., and S. Jyothirmayee. "An structured teaching program on Geo-technical application and soil treated." Scientific Journal of India 1, no. 1 (2016): 10–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/24565644/2016.v1.i1.6.
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P.A., Babajide, Akinrinola T. B., Oyeyiola Y.B., et al. "PERFORMANCE OF MAIZE (ZEA MAYS) GROWN ON MILDLY ACIDIC LOW FERTILE SOIL AS AFFECTED BY SELECTED ORGANIC-BASED SOIL AMENDMENTS AND SYNTHETIC FERTILIZER." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 6, no. 9 (2018): 385–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v6.i9.2018.1251.
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Under intensive cropping systems in the tropics, application of chemical fertilizers becomes an apparently indispensable means of replenishing the rapidly depleting soil nutrients. However, the reported side effects of continuous application of synthetic fertilizers on soil and man are now a major concern. Hence, determination of the potentials of some easily exploitable natural or organic-based fertilizer material(s), which can effectively compete with the commonly used synthetic fertilizers like NPK 15-15-15, is a worthwhile scientific approach, not towards improved performance of versatile arable crop like maize, but also for total eradication or alleviation of chemical inputs on tropical soils. A field experiment was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farms, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH), Ogbomoso, in the year 2017, to comparatively determine the effects of NPK fertilizer and some selected organic-based fertilizer / ammendments on growth, yield and nutrient uptakes of maize (Zea mays). Six treatments were introduced, T0 (the control which received no fertilizer application), T1 (NPK fertilizer application), T2 (Tithonia compost application), T3 (Organomineral fertilizer application), T4 (Poultry manure application) and T5 (Cow dung application). All fertilizers were applied at recommended rates. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), replicated thrice. Data were collected on growth and yield parameters, and were subjected to analysis of variance. Means were separated using Duncan multiple range test. Application of different fertilizer materials significantly improved maize performance and nutrient uptakes, compared to the control. Organomineral fertilizer application produced the highest values of most of the growth and yield parameters measured. Although, the values obtained were mostly not significantly different from other fertilizer materials tested (except for cow dung, which was in some cases, significantly lower in values than other fertilizers tested, but significantly higher than the control (which steadily had the least values of all the parameters measured). Such significant increments may be due to the cherished attributes of organomineral fertilizer (some its nutritious fractions may be rapidly released while remaining fractions may be slowly released, over a long period of time). Hence, application of organomineral is therefore recommended. This will considerably reduce chemical loads on the soil in the study area. Meanwhile, in order to be purely organic in maize production, either composted tithonia or poultry manure is recommended for the study area. This will not only prevent total dependence on harmful and highly priced chemical fertilizers, but may promote improved soil nutrition and hygienic crop productivity.
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Field, Damien J., Anthony J. Koppi, Lorna E. Jarrett, et al. "Soil Science teaching principles." Geoderma 167-168 (November 2011): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.09.017.
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Binder, Alexander D. "An Introduction to Catholic Economics: General Welfare, Competing Perspectives, and Human Nature." American Economist 65, no. 2 (2020): 191–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0569434520947993.
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Catholic economics is the interdisciplinary pursuit of joining Church teaching with economic science. The Church and its leaders, the Pope and Bishops, are primarily concerned with the salvation of souls and their general welfare, or the common good, and as such govern and guide the faithful to that end. Catholic scholars seeking to apply those teachings are free to and do debate the merits of particular policies or institutions. Catholic economists also question particular economic theories that contrast with Church teaching, especially with regard to human nature. This article examines these core elements of the Catholic Economics school of thought. JEL Classifications: A12, I31, Z12
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Sukmawan, Yan, Sudradjat ,, and Sugiyanta ,. "Peranan Pupuk Organik dan NPK Majemuk terhadap Pertumbuhan Kelapa Sawit TBM 1 di Lahan Marginal." Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) 43, no. 3 (2016): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.24831/jai.v43i3.11251.
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<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is the most efficient vegetable oil producer. It produces five to seven times more vegetable oil per hectare than the other vegetable oil producing crops. The objective of this research was to study the role of organic and NPK compound fertilizers application to one-year-old oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) on marginal land. The research was conducted at IPB-Cargilll Teaching Farm of Oil Palm, Jonggol, Bogor, West Java from March 2013 to March 2014. The experiment was carried out as factorial experiment in a randomized block design with three replications. The first factor was organic fertilizer consisted of 0, 15, and 30 kg per palm. The second factor was NPK compound fertilizers 15:15:15 consisted of 0, 1.3 and 2.6 kg per palm. The results showed that no interaction effect between organic and NPK compound fertilizers on all of variables observed. Marginal soils in Jonggol required high rate of fertilizers to produce good performance of one-year-old oil palm. Application of 30 kg organic fertilizer per palm or 2.6 kg NPK compound fertilizers 15:15:15 per palm resulted in the highest vegetative growth of one-year-old oil palm on marginal land in Jonggol.</p><p>Keywords: cow dung, critical nutrient level, slow release fertilizer, Ultisols, vegetative growth</p>
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Jolly, ID, GR Walker, and KA Narayan. "Floodwater recharge processes in the Chowilla Anabranch system, South Australia." Soil Research 32, no. 3 (1994): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9940417.
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We report the results of a study into the interaction between floodwaters and an unconfined alluvial aquifer in the Chowilla anabranch system of the River Murray during a large flood. Data on watertable elevation, groundwater chemistry and unsaturated zone salt storage were collected before, during and after a flood in 1990 which inundated all but the very highest points of the floodplain. These data, combined with analytical modelling of the watertable behaviour throughout the flood, led us to conclude that diffuse vertical recharge of floodwater to the unsaturated zone is of little importance. As a consequence, only limited teaching of salt from this zone to the groundwater occurs. This appears to be due to a reduction in the infiltration capacity of the sodic clay surface soils of the floodplain which disperse and swell when wetted with the low salinity floodwater. This suggests that the unsaturated zone is not the major source of salt which enters the River Murray following floods. However, from previous studies it is clear that the floodplain is an important source of saline groundwater which is added to the river following floods. An alternative hypothesis to explain the observed salt accessions is that areas of the floodplain where the Coonambidgal Clay is thin or absent are zones of localized recharge which cause displacement of in situ groundwater into the floodplain streams. This hypothesis should be tested in further work.