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Almasoudi, Bandar M. "Problem-Based Learning as a Teaching Method Versus Lecture-Based Teaching in Respiratory Therapy Education." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2012. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/rt_theses/13.
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ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Although Problem-based learning (PBL) approach is a common teaching technique in medical education, its use in the field of respiratory therapy is somewhat controversial. With so many programs adopting PBL strategies, it is important to examine whether there are differences between PBL and traditional teaching approaches in regards to learning outcomes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate if there are any significant differences between PBL and lecture-based program students in their cognitive abilities in mechanical ventilation.
METHODS: Two universities with BS programs in respiratory therapy were chosen—one uses PBL (15 participants) and on uses lecture-based method (24 participants). All 39 participants were given10 multiple-choice questions related to mechanical ventilation derived from the NBRC RRT written exam forms (C & D) as a pre and a post test.
RESULTS: The dependent t-test showed a significant difference between the pre and post test of the lecture-based and the PBL groups, resulting in a p value of 0.006 and 0.025 respectively. The independent t-test showed a significant difference in the pre-test favoring the lecture-based group (p = 0.039). However, the independent t-test showed no significant difference in the post-test (p=0.085)
CONCLUSIONS: PBL is increasing in popularity despite the fact that studies of its efficacy have been thus far inconclusive. This study has shown PBL to be effective, but not significantly more effective than traditional lecture-based methods in regards to objective test scores.
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Alharbi, Najwa. "The Effectiveness of Hybrid Problem-Based Learning versus Manual-Based Learning in the Microbiology Laboratory." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc984143/.
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Promising results from the use of problem-based learning (PBL) as a teaching method in medical programs have encouraged many institutions to incorporate PBL into their curricula. This study investigates how applying hybrid-PBL (H-PBL) in a microbiology laboratory impacts students' higher-order thinking as compared to applying a lecture-based pedagogy. The experimental design compared the learning outcomes of two groups of students: the control group and the H-PBL group, for whom PBL cases comprised 30% of the curriculum. Both groups were taught basic skills for the microbiology lab by the same instructor. Using the traditional teaching style for the control group, the instructor offered each student what they needed for their experiments. The H-PBL group practiced experimental design, data analysis, theory proposal, and created research questions by using six study cases that were closely linked to the area of study. The outcome was measured using a pre- and post- assessment consisting of 24 questions that was designed by following Bloom's taxonomy of learning levels. A one-way ANOVA was used to analyze the data. The results showed that for the first three levels of Bloom's taxonomy— knowledge, comprehension, and application—there were no statistically significant differences between the H-PBL and control group gain scores as determined by a one-way ANOVA. For the knowledge level, f (1, 78) = .232, and p = .632; for the comprehension level, f (1, 78) = .004, and p = .951; and for the application level f (1, 78) =. 028, and p =.863. On the other hand, the gain scores for the three higher levels—analysis, evaluation, and creativity—improved for the H-PBL group. The analysis level showed statistically significant differences, with f (1, 78) = 4.012, and p = .049. Also, there were statistically significant differences in students' performance at the evaluation level, with f (1, 78) = 11.495, and p = .001, and the creativity level, with f (1,78 ) = 23.432, and p = .000. In conclusion, the study results supported the value of incorporating hybrid problem-based learning (H-PBL) into the traditional microbiology laboratory curriculum.
3
Wong, Fuk-kin Joe, and 黃福建. "Evaluation of the effectiveness of problem-based learning ineconomics." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31958825.
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Guerrera, Claudia P. "Testing the effectiveness of problem-based learning through problem generation and problem solving with high school biology students." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23213.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of problem-based learning (PBL) as an alternative teaching method in biology. Eighty-one, ninth grade biology students worked collaboratively in groups, of 2 or 3, to generate a fictitious patient case, which was then exchanged, for other students to solve. This process was repeated on two occasions. Data from pre/post questionnaires and groups' verbal and written protocols were analyzed. Results showed that certain cognitive processes strengthened over time. Significant improvements were also noted in the quality and content of students' written scenarios and solutions, and in students' interest in working collaboratively. Overall, this study confirms that PBL has numerous benefits and holds great potential as an instructional method in biology.
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Guerrera, Claudia P. "Testing the effectiveness of problem-based learning with learning disabled students in biology." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=38197.
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The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of problem-based learning (PBL) with learning-disabled (LD) students. Twenty-four students (12 dyads) classified as LD and attending a school for the learning-disabled participated in the study. Students engaged in either a computer-based environment involving BioWorld, a hospital simulation designed to teach biology students problem-solving skills, or a paper-and-pencil version based on the computer program. A hybrid model of learning was adopted whereby students were provided with direct instruction on the digestive system prior to participating in a problem-solving activity. Students worked in dyads and solved three problems involving the digestive system in either a computerized or a paper-and-pencil condition. The experimenter acted as a coach to assist students throughout the problem-solving process. A follow-up study was conducted, one month later, to measure the long-term learning gains. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to analyze three types of data: process data, outcome data, and follow-up data. Results from the process data showed that all students engaged in effective collaboration and became more systematic in their problem solving over time. Findings from the outcome and follow-up data showed that students in both treatment conditions, made both learning and motivational gains and that these benefits were still evident one month later. Overall, results demonstrated that the computer facilitated students' problem solving and scientific reasoning skills. Some differences were noted in students' collaboration and the amount of assistance required from the coach in both conditions. Thus, PBL is an effective learning approach with LD students in science, regardless of the type of learning environment. These results have implications for teaching science to LD students, as well as for future designs of educational software for this population.
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Mattheos, Nikos. "Developing a Problem Based Learning model for Internet-based teaching in academic oral health education." Licentiate thesis, Malmö högskola, Odontologiska fakulteten (OD), 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-7752.
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Problem Based Learning (PBL) has been fully or partly adopted by several medical and dental schools throughout the world, but only few attempts have been made to adjust this method to Distance Learning (DL) environments. It appears that the interaction demands of PBL could not be easily facilitated by the technologies used for DL in the past. The recent introduction of Virtual Learning Environments or Virtual Classrooms, is suggested by many as the development that could allow Distance Learning to utilise highly structured collaborative learning methods such as PBL. A literature review and two pilot studies were undertaken, in an attempt to investigate the possibility of adjusting an existing in-classroom PBL model to Internet-based environments for distance learning. There is a strong need of a conceptual theoretical framework and research results to support the function and effectiveness of distance learning in health education. Drop-out rates are still high in all kinds of distance education. Accreditation, team-work and personal contact, appear to be factors of importance for increasing motivation and minimising drop-out rates in distance learning. During the pilot studies it was evident that both postgraduate and undergraduate students were very positive towards the PBL method, as they experienced it while working over the network. However, it is very difficult to introduce inexperienced students to PBL through distance. Students? competence with computers seems to be an important factor for the success of a virtual classroom and their computer literacy has to be objectively assessed prior to any course. Significant differences were identified between in-classroom and over the Internet communication. These differences, although measured in the quantity of interaction, appear to influence the quality and depth of discussion as well. Tutor involvement was higher in the Internet discussions than the in-classroom ones. It was concluded that an entirely Internet-based PBL course is possible, if properly organised. However, such a model might constitute a compromise over the quality standards of in-classroom PBL, at least with the currently available Internet technology. A hybrid approach, which will combine personal contact with network-based interaction, might be the safest and most beneficial option right now.
7
Wilkie, Margaret C. K. "Actions, attitudes and attributes : developing facilitation skills for problem-based learning." Thesis, Coventry University, 2002. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/579668cc-9ec4-2005-ac69-eaab234c1396/1.
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Problem-based learning (PBL) is being adopted increasingly as a learning and teaching strategy within the United Kingdom. Although facilitation is recognised as being central to PBL, much of the current literature on facilitation in PBL is conflicting. This study explored the espoused and actual conceptions of PBL adopted by facilitators on a newly-developed pre-registration nursing diploma programme that employed PBL. To explore the lived experience of the PBL curriculum, a constructivist interpretist qualitative research design was adopted. For facilitation in PBL to be effective in promoting independent learning and developing critical thinking, teachers were required to sustain the newly espoused pedagogy and to adapt their actions to match. All participants possessed facilitation skills before the start of the study, however expertise in PBL facilitation took time and practice to acquire as existing skills had to be applied in new ways. Findings identified four broad approaches to facilitation: directive conventionalist, liberating supporter, nurturing socialiser and pragmatic enabler. Over time, most facilitators converged from a directive conventionalist approach towards that of a pragmatic enabler. The transitions were influenced by the need to resolve dissonance between espoused theories and theories-in-use; increased understanding of the dialogic nature of PBL; the use of communicative spaces to share and reflect on experience and an enhanced awareness of student diversity. While the findings relate specifically to PBL facilitation, they also contribute to the understanding of the types of teaching and learning strategies required by the large and increasingly diverse student body.
8
Pagander, Lisa, and Jason Read. "Is Problem-Based Learning (PBL) An Effective Teaching Method? : A Study Based on Existing Research." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för kultur och kommunikation, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-107712.
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Abstract The purpose of this paper is to examine the empirical research supporting the effectiveness, orineffectiveness of PBL as a teaching method. Secondly, if PBL is an effective method, what does researchsay about the relevance of PBL in connection to the Swedish secondary school curriculum. We took an indepth,critical look at the existing research to find any commonalities or any major contradictory findings.Results show that there is contradictory evidence regarding the effectiveness of PBL as a teachingmethod with the majority of support for PBL coming from the educational medicine field. Results also showthat very little research exists concerning how PBL relates to the guidelines set out in the Swedish Schoolcurriculum (GY11).After presenting the results we discuss the implications that PBL present as a teaching method, aswell as major problems encountered, and how these findings relate to the teaching profession in Sweden.Lastly, we discuss how further research could be beneficial to support the use of PBL.
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Herndon, Valerie L. s. "Changing places in teaching and learning| A qualitative study on the facilitation of problem-based learning." Thesis, Capella University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10242971.
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Problem-based learning is an especially useful learner-centered instructional approach in which learners collaborate within small groups to solve an authentic ill-structured problem that has no right or wrong answer. However, facilitating and designing problem-based learning can be challenging for instructors as well as instructional designers, especially for learning environments, such as the law enforcement academies, that traditionally have been designed for rote memorization and repetitive skills. The purpose of this basic qualitative research was to interview and explore instructors’ experiences and the factors instructors believed are essential for facilitating problem-based learning in their learning environment. For this study, participants were selected based on their attendance at the 2014 annual conference or by referrals from those attendees. Eleven participants met the requirements of having completed the 2-week problem-based learning instructor course sponsored by an organization dedicated to the advancement of problem-based learning in police training and had 3–5 years of facilitating problem-based learning in their learning environment. In this study, semi-structured interviews with law enforcement instructors were used to provide knowledge and insight about the challenges they experienced, such as resistance to change and instructional strategies used to overcome these challenges, as well as key elements of problem-based learning. Additionally, the findings provided instructional designers insight into how to design problem-based learning instruction using effective instructional strategies identified by participants. Moreover, participants provided instructional strategies on how to move from a teacher-centered learning environment focused on lower level skills to a student-centered learning that foster problem-solving and critical thinking skills using real-world situations. A recommendation for further research is to conduct a study on a larger sample to explore facilitators’ experiences when facilitating problem-based learning. A second recommendation calls for a study to identify ways for educators and training and development professionals to promote the benefits and value of the problem-based learning process to their agency leadership and educational institution administration. A third recommendation is to conduct a study with a targeted audience of instructional designers who have designed and developed training for the law enforcement field and who use a student-centered approach to explore further strategies used to incorporate real-world instructional methods that enhance critical thinking and problem-solving skills.
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Wong, Kin-hang, and 黃健行. "Implementation of problem-based learning in junior secondary science curriculum." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/193087.
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Recent curriculum reforms in Hong Kong emphasize learning how to learn, inquiry, collaboration, and similar capabilities. Problem-based learning (PBL) seems an appropriate approach for addressing these new requirements. However, little is known about the use of PBL in secondary (middle) schools, particularly in East-Asian countries in which Confucian-heritage values influence learning approaches. Therefore, the goal of this research was to provide a systematic account of an attempt to implement PBL in Form 1 (Grade 7) Integrated Science classes.
The study investigated the teachers’ pedagogical actions, the aspects of the PBL environment that helped to motivate students in science learning, their pattern of discourse for science development and the possible differences of their learning outcomes compared with PBL and conventional learning conditions.
A quasi-experimental and mixed-method approach was employed to gather data from two experimental classes (n = 62) and two control classes (n = 63). Data sources included field notes of classroom observations, audio recordings of students working in small groups on their PBL problems, interviews with teachers and students, and science tests administered immediately prior to each instructional unit (pre-test), at the conclusion of each unit (post-test), and before the school term ended (delayed post-test).
The study has five main findings: (1) PBL teachers used different strategies to help students who were new to PBL to adapt to the new pedagogical practice, to facilitate group confrontation, and to help students become self-directed learners. (2) Choice, challenge, control and collaboration seem to have motivated students’ learning in the PBL classrooms. (3) Disagreements about the problem situations stimulated task-related cognitive activity and resulted in academic progress. (4) Students’ questions during collaboration facilitated learning by directing their’ inquiry and expanding their thinking. (5) Science test results show that the PBL group performed at least as well as the traditional learning group in knowledge acquisition, and that PBL helped the high achievers to retain information better than their peers in the traditional learning group.
The study provides valuable information that shows how PBL can work in secondary school science classrooms. Implications for future research on PBL, and its practice in secondary school science, are also outlined.published_or_final_version
Education
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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Blackwell, Mary Alice. "An Undergraduate Theatre History Course Design Utilizing Problem-Based Learning." VCU Scholars Compass, 2005. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1188.
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This thesis was written to provide an alternative teaching model for an undergraduate theatre history class. The course design, utilizing the Problem-Based Learning educational model, aims to create a student-centered, experiential theatre history class. The first section explores the history and evolution of the theatre discipline in academia. These chapters examine the expansion and transformation of the theatre curriculum within the discipline and higher education. The second part examines the history and the methodologies of Problem-Based Learning. Based on the philosophy of educator John Dewey, PBL is considered to be a non-traditional method of teaching and learning that encourages the development of self-directed learning and the acquisition of knowledge through experiential education. The final section describes the actual course design. Included in this section are the educational objectives of the class, examples of problems, assessment methods, and an examination of potential challenges in the design.
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Lipinski, Michael. "Feasibility of the nintendo Ds for teaching problem-based learning in kindergarten through twelfth grade students." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5760.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 13, 2009) Includes bibliographical references.
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Tsoukalas, Jillian M. "Exploring Problem Based Learning to Promote 21st Century Learning Skills in Full Day Kindergarten." ScholarWorks, 2011. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/949.
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The kindergarten program at the study site transitioned from half day to full day, yet the curriculum was not updated to accommodate the full day schedule, or to include best practices. In order to prepare learners for their future in education, activities were implemented to determine how problem based learning can promote acquisition of the 21st century learning skills. The purpose of this qualitative study was to create and implement an effective, full day curriculum that promotes 21st century learning skills for kindergarten students. This project, rooted in constructivism which allows for active and social learning, supplements the existing half day curriculum and encourages collaborating, experiential learning, and problem solving. The question that guided this project study involved understanding how 21st century learning skills of collaboration, problem solving, effective communication, and decision making can be integrated into a full day kindergarten curriculum. A qualitative participatory action research framework was used to gather data in the form of field notes during observations and interviews were coded and analyzed to find themes and categories that emerged. The findings revealed that 21st century skills can be acquired by kindergarten learners when the role of the teacher changes into a facilitator and models appropriate behaviors and skills. The final project includes a teacher's guide to support teachers as they transition into a new role as a facilitator as well as sample lessons with suggestions and hints for implementation. This project contributes to social change by presenting teachers with a data driven curriculum that offers an authentic, experiential way of teaching to help students develop skills necessary to become successful members of their classroom.
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Roberts-Woychesin, Jami. "Understanding 3-D Spaces Through Game-based Learning: a Case Study of Knowledge Acquisition Through Problem-based Learning in Minecraft." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc804920/.
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The primary purpose in this case study was to explore the use of three-dimensional virtual spaces via the use of the game Minecraft as a teaching tool. The case study examined the effectiveness, self-efficacy, and social interaction of students when using such a tool in the teaching and learning process. The research analyzed knowledge acquisition through various deliverables such as benchmark pre and post exams, student discourse, and tangible objects created from the lessons by the students. Students were enrolled and participated in a summer camp offered from Arts and Technology Institute in North Texas. The camp utilized Minecraft to teach architecture types. Students learned about pyramids (Egyptian and Aztec), Roman/Greek architecture, Gothic architecture, and Post-Modern Architecture. Each day students were exposed to a different them of architecture and were tasked with building a world that was in the theme of an assigned type of architecture. Fifty-nine school age students ranging in ages from eight to twelve years old participated fully in the study. The students were not grouped by age, but instead self-selected partners with which to work during the course of their creations. Results show that students who participated in the Minecraft driven course were highly engaged and reported a positive experience during the course of learning. Participants worked cohesively to achieve common goals and problem solve during the course of project completion. Participants freely participated in discourse that was on the topic of the lesson, as well as, offered suggestions for improvement and solicited ideas from other participants. Pre and posttest results yielded an improvement in knowledge acquisition regarding general knowledge of architecture types. Many students frequently used the word “Fun” to describe their learning experience as cited in their daily blog entries. The research strived to show that using Minecraft as a teaching tool can create an environment in which students are highly engaged and are afforded an opportunity to learn material in a way that students can see as an applicable reason for learning. Results of this research evidence Minecraft as a tool in learning yields an atmosphere in which students take ownership of their learning and work in concert with other members of the classroom to yield positive learning outcomes.
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Peng, Hsinyi. "The effects of epistemological beliefs of teacher education students in a case-based hypermedia learning environment /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3099622.
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Vallino, Linda, and Brenda Louw. "Revolutionizing Classroom Teaching in Cleft Palate: A Hybrid of Traditional, Problem-Based & Experiential Learning." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7752.
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Kavai, Portia. "The Use of animal organ dissection in problem-solving as a teaching strategy." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/40228.
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The major purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of using animal organ
dissection in general, and its use specifically in problem-solving as a teaching strategy in
Grade 11 Life Sciences education. A multiple methods research design was used for this
study.
The data collection methods for the quantitative approach were the pre-test, post-test and a
questionnaire. The pre-test and post-test had predominantly problem-solving questions. The
questionnaire and the tests were administered to 224 learners from four Pretoria East
secondary schools from different environments. The data collection methods for the
qualitative approach were the interviews with the Grade 11 Life Sciences teachers of the
selected schools, lesson observations and relevant document analysis. The interviews were
conducted with six Grade 11 Life Sciences teachers teaching at the four selected schools.
Findings from both the quantitative and the qualitative approaches were integrated to give an
in-depth understanding of the study. The findings show that there were significant differences
between the means of the pre-test and the post-test for the total for the whole group of 224
learners. The variables in which the tests were categorised were the rote learning,
problem-solving and three learning outcomes of the National Curriculum Statement (NCS).
The way in which the learners answered the questions in terms of terminology they used, the
confidence they displayed, the level of answering and the explanations they gave when they
wrote the post-test were significantly different from when they wrote the pre-test. The
significant differences between the means of the pre-test and the post-test may possibly have
been due to the intervention. This showed the effectiveness of the intervention which was
animal organ dissection in problem-solving. The study also showed that most teachers are not
well-acquainted with problem-solving strategies which made it challenging for them to use
animal organ dissections to develop problem-solving skills in learners. The attitudes of the
teachers and learners towards animal organ dissection and its use in problem-solving as a
teaching strategy were predominantly positive with less than a quarter of the whole group
being negative due to a variety of reasons which include: moral values, religion, culture,
blood phobia, squeamishness and being vegetarian. The majority of learners acknowledged
the importance of animal organ dissections in developing skills like investigative, dissecting and problem-solving skills. This acknowledgement resulted in them being positive towards
the use of animal organ dissections in problem-solving.
One can conclude that animal organ dissections can be used in problem-solving as a teaching
strategy in Life Sciences education. The level of learner engagement with animal organ
dissections can determine the level of development of problem-solving skills as was
evidenced by the differences between the mean scores of the four schools. The study
recommended that the teachers should be encouraged to use animal organ dissections more
frequently where it is applicable to develop problem-solving skills in learners and not merely
let the learners cut, draw and label the organ. Teachers should also focus on problem-solving
in general and develop this as a prime strategy. All activities should be prepared by the
teacher and implemented in class to encourage and develop problem-solving skills.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
gm2014
Science, Mathematics and Technology Education
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Apacik, Mukerrem. "The Effects Of Problem-based Learning Method On 9th Grade Students." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610458/index.pdf.
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The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of problem-based learning (PBL) on 9th grade students&rsquogeometry achievement. The study was conducted in a rural town of Ankara with 44 ninth-grade high school students. The randomized pretest-posttest control group design was used. The experimental group was instructed with hybrid PBL and the control group was instructed with traditional teaching methods. The treatment was given for 4 hours every week for a total of six weeks. Geometry Achievement Test (GAT) was administrated as pre-test, post test and retention test to both groups to measure students&rsquo
academic achievement in geometry, was developed by the researcher. This test included 18 items which were related to polygons and circular region. In order to analyze the obtained data, Mann-Witney U, Independent T-test and one-way repeated measures Analysis of Variance were used. Analysis of post test results indicated that there was no statistically significant mean rank difference between students who were instructed by traditional teaching method and those who were instructed by PBL. There was also no significant mean difference between retention of GAT scores of the two groups. In addition, a statistically significant change in GAT scores of students who were instructed by PBL across three time periods (pre-treatment, post treatment and retention) was found. There were statistically significant mean differences between their prior and post GAT scores
and between their prior and retention GAT scores of the PBL method group. On the other hand, there was no statistically significant mean difference between post and retention GAT scores. The present study suggests that PBL can contribute to students&rsquo
retention of geometry achievement
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Mitchell-White, Kathleen. "Reflective thinking and emotional intelligence as predictive performance factors in problem-based learning situations." ScholarWorks, 2010. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/788.
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Continued improvement of the training and preparation of Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) special agents is critical to the organization's ability to protect the national security of the United States. Too little attention has been paid to the factors that improve new agent trainees' (NATs) ability to learn and succeed in their training programs. Based on the theories of reflective thinking and emotional intelligence, this nonexperimental, correlational study explored predictors of NATs' (N = 183) performance in problem-based exercises as part of the 20-week training program. Self-report instruments measured levels of critical reflection (CR), emotional intelligence (EQ), and perceived ability (PA). An established performance measure collected instructor-observed performance (OP) scores. Regression analysis tested the relationships of CR and EQ with OP but yielded no statistical significance. Due to concerns about the measure of OP, a second analysis revealed significance with PA scores for EQ (b = .193, p = <.001) only. Preparing effective special agents to respond to the challenges of a volatile global environment is a priority of the FBI and contributes to positive social change, as its mission is to ensure the safety and security of the United States. The main conclusion from the study was that a better measure of performance is needed to study the impact of CR and EQ on trainees. When measured more effectively, characteristics of trainees may be relevant to improving performance.
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Oliveira, Evaneide Barbosa de. "Aprendizado baseado em problemas (problem based learning): a sua importância no ensino da contabilidade." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/1433.
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Evaneide Barbosa de Oliveira.pdf: 681540 bytes, checksum: 0521a02d04d1029f80a2781303da1990 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2010-11-25The objective of this work is the implementation of a study that allows the analysis of the Problem-based learning (PBL) methodology, to clearly identify the possible contributions to the teaching learning process of Accounting. This study is characterized by the Exploratory Search design to achieves deeply the knowledge of the Problem-based learning (PBL) in such way that can take it as a contribution source to the Accounting Science learning. At the same time, this study is based on the methodological approach in the qualitative research, where explores the observation and interviewing techniques in order to establish both analysis the content analysis and the historical strategy analysis. This study also has some quantitative analysis method that will gather quantitative data of a specific population, using a closed question table as a sample of analysis and interpretation and measurement proceeds to this study. This study observed and highlights that the Problem-based learning (PBL) can be introduced into the Accountancy course, respecting the existent literary framework that is strongly important for this tool application success, such as the limits of the acceptability, responsibility, commitment and adequacy to meet the demand generated: the ability of solving problems, and also the need of a teaching methodologies renewal in a way that the student could develop his critical thought, logical reasoning, the introduction to the research, the teamwork, the interpersonal relationship and the conflict resolution skills. This study was made to contribute to the search topic of the Accounting Theory Program Graduate strictu sensu of PUC-SP in Accountancy and Actuarials
O objetivo desse trabalho é a realização de um estudo que possibilite a análise da metodologia do Aprendizado Baseado em Problemas (PBL), para a identificação das possíveis contribuições para o processo ensino-aprendizagem da Contabilidade. Este estudo caracterizase pelo delineamento da Pesquisa Exploratória buscando-se conhecer com maior profundidade o Aprendizado Baseado em Problemas (PBL) de modo a torná-lo uma fonte de contribuição para o ensino da Ciência Contábil. Do mesmo modo, esta pesquisa é baseada na abordagem qualitativa, que explora a técnica da observação e entrevista com o intuito de estabelecer a análise do conteúdo da pesquisa e a sua análise histórica. A pesquisa também emprega artifícios quantitativos com o objetivo de coletar dados em uma determinada população, com a utilização de um questionário fechado que serve de amostra para o procedimento de avaliação e interpretação de dados relevantes para este estudo. A pesquisa observou que o Aprendizado Baseado em Problemas (PBL) é passível de aplicação no curso de Ciências Contábeis, respeitando o arcabouço literário importante para que a ferramenta tenha sucesso, os limites de aceitabilidade, responsabilidade, compromisso e adequação de estrutura para atendimento da demanda que sua aplicação gerará com o desenvolvimento da habilidade de resolução de problemas, e também a necessidade de uma renovação das metodologias de ensino empregadas em sala de aula para que o aluno desenvolva o pensamento crítico, o raciocínio lógico, a iniciação à pesquisa, o trabalho em grupo, o relacionamento interpessoal e habilidades de resolução de conflitos. Este trabalho contribui para a linha de pesquisa da Teoria Contábil do Programa de Pós-Graduação strictu sensu da PUC-SP em Ciências Contábeis e Atuariais
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Pecore, John L. "A Case Study of Secondary Teachers Facilitating a Historical Problem-Based Learning Instructional Unit." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/msit_diss/52.
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Current curriculum trends promote inquiry-based student-centered strategies as a way to foster critical thinking and learning. Problem-based learning (PBL), a type of inquiry focusing on an issue or “problem,” is an instructional approach taught on the basis that science reform efforts increase scientific literacy. PBL is a constructivist approach to learning real life problems where understanding is a function of content, context, experiences, and learner goals; historical PBL situates the lesson in a historical context and provides opportunities for teaching NOS concepts. While much research exists on the benefits of historical PBL to student learning in general, more research is warranted on how teachers implement PBL in the secondary science curriculum. The purpose of this study was to examine the classroom-learning environment of four science teachers implementing a historical PBL instructional unit to identify the teachers’ understandings, successes and obstacles. By identifying teachers’ possible achievements and barriers with implementing a constructivist philosophy when executing historical PBL, educators and curriculum designers may improve alignment of the learning environment to constructivist principles. A qualitative interpretive case study guided this research study. The four participants of this study were purposefully and conveniently selected from biology teachers with at least three years of teaching experience, degrees in education, State Licensure, and completion of a PBL workshop. Data collection consisted of pre and post questionnaires, structured interviews, a card sort activity in which participants categorized instructional outcomes, and participant observations. Results indicated that the four teachers assimilated reform-based constructivist practices to fit within their preexisting routines and highlighted the importance of incorporating teachers’ current systems into reform-based teacher instruction. While participating teachers addressed a few NOS tenets, emphasizing the full range of possible NOS objectives included in historical PBL is warranted. This study also revealed the importance of creating a collaborative classroom culture and building positive student-teacher relationships when implementing PBL instruction. The four teachers agreed that the historical PBL instructional unit provided a context for learning state standards, and they positively viewed their experiences teaching the lesson. Thus findings from this study suggest that teaching science in a historical context using PBL can be effective.
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Nivens, Ryan Andrew, and Renée Rice Moran. "Beyond Problem-Based Learning: How a Residency Model Improves the Education of Pre-Service Teachers." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/221.
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Chirimbana, Moses. "The effect of a problem based learning approach on the teaching and learning of composition and inverses of functions in a foundation programme." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95973.
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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The purpose of the study was to investigate The effect of the Problem-Based Learning Problem Based Learning (PBL) approach in the teaching of composition and inverse functions in a foundation programme. PBL is a philosophical approach to teaching and learning where problems drive the learning. The study was important because it was trying to find out if PBL can improve students’ performance in compositions and inverses of functions at the bridging course for undergraduate mathematics at Oshakati Campus. The study intended to come up with a PBL model suitable for FP mathematics in the teaching of compositions and inverses of functions. The study was done on Science Foundation students who are registered for FP. Eighty students were randomly selected from the foundation students registered for the 2013 academic year. The students were randomly assigned into the experimental and the comparison groups of 40 each. In this study the comparison group of the Foundation students was predominantly taught through the traditional lecture approach while the experimental group was predominantly taught using a hybrid PBL approach. The study also attempted to establish the students’ perceptions with regard to the relevance of inverses and compositions of functions as a concept in a topic that determines their academic destination. It also attempted to ascertain how the PBL approach could best be implemented in order to improve FP students’ understanding of inverses and composition of functions; how Bridging course for undergraduate mathematics (FP) students experience the PBL approach in the teaching and learning of inverses and composition of functions compared to those who are taught using the lecture method and how FP students’ performance on inverses and composition of functions as a result of their PBL experience compare to those who are taught using the lecture method. This study used the concurrent nested mixed methods (qualitative and quantitative) research designs. A quasi experimental design was adopted through the administration of a pre-post-test on experimental and comparison groups. The other designs or methods included a questionnaire survey, focus group interviews, non-participant lesson observation and a group research project on compositions and inverses of functions. The experimental group was then mainly taught through a hybrid PBL approach while the comparison group mainly through the lecture approach for a period of three months. The findings of this research study showed that experimental group students performed significantly better in the overall results analysis but there were no significant differences in performance between the two groups for some Hypothetical Learning Trajectory (HLT) domains on compositions and inverses of functions. It is recommended that PBL should be implemented in the other foundation programme subjects. However, the role of the conventional teaching approaches cannot be undermined in the teaching and learning of compositions and inverses of functions since the students who were taught using this method also improved their performances, and as such these conventional teaching approaches should be used together with PBL in order to get the best results on FP students’ mathematics performance. This study recommends further research on how PBL can be implemented in other FP subjects. This study also recommended that PBL should be implemented right at the beginning of the year when the FP students start their classes in the foundation programme.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van die studie was om die effek van die probleemgebaseerde leer (PBL) benadering in die onderrig van die samestelling en inverse funksies in 'n Stigting program te ondersoek. PBL is 'n filosofiese benadering tot onderrig en leer waar probleme ry die leer. Die studie is belangrik omdat dit probeer het om uit te vind of PBL kan studente se prestasie in komposisies en inverses van funksies te verbeter by die Stigting Program op Oshakati-kampus. Die studie bedoel om vorendag te kom met 'n PBL model wat geskik is vir fondament in die onderrig van komposisies en inverses van funksies. Die studie is gedoen op Science Foundation studente by Oshakati-kampus van die Universiteit van Namibië. Tagtig studente is lukraak gekies uit die fondament studente wat geregistreer is vir die 2013 akademiese jaar. Die studente is ewekansig toegewys in die eksperimentele en die vergelyking groepe van 40 elk. In hierdie studie is die vergelyking groep van die Stigting studente is hoofsaaklik geleer word deur die tradisionele lesing benadering terwyl die eksperimentele groep was hoofsaaklik geleer met behulp van 'n hibriede PBL benadering. Die studie het ook probeer om vas te stel uit wat die studente se persepsies met betrekking tot die toepaslikheid van inverses en komposisies van funksies is soos 'n konsep in 'n onderwerp wat bepaal hul akademiese bestemming. Dit het ook probeer om vas te stel hoe die PBL benadering kan die beste om FP studente se begrip van inverses en samestelling van funksies te verbeter geïmplementeer word; hoe FP studente die PBL benadering in die onderrig en leer van inverses en samestelling van funksies in vergelyking met diegene wat geleer is met behulp van die lesing metode en hoe FP studente se prestasie op inverses en samestelling van funksies as 'n gevolg van hul PBL ervaring vergelyk met dié wat geleer is met behulp van die lesing-metode. Hierdie studie gebruik om die konkurrente geneste gemengde metodes (kwalitatiewe en kwantitatiewe) navorsing ontwerpe. 'N quasi eksperimentele ontwerp is aangeneem deur die administrasie van 'n pre-na-toets op eksperimentele en vergelyking groepe. Die ander ontwerpe of metodes het 'n vraelys opname, fokusgroeponderhoude, nie-deelnemer leswaarneming, en 'n groep navorsingsprojek oor komposisies en inverses van funksies. Die eksperimentele groep is dan hoofsaaklik geleer deur middel van 'n kruising PBL benadering terwyl die vergelyking groep hoofsaaklik deur die lesing benadering vir 'n tydperk van drie maande. Die bevindinge van hierdie navorsing het getoon dat die eksperimentele groep studente uitgevoer aansienlik beter in die algehele resultate analise, maar daar was geen betekenisvolle verskille in prestasie tussen die twee groepe vir 'n paar MTT gebiede op komposisies en inverses van funksies. Die studie het ook bevind dat PBL aan die begin van die jaar reg geïmplementeer moet word wanneer die FP studente begin hul klasse in die fondament program. Dit word aanbeveel dat PBL in al die ander fondament program vakke moet geïmplementeer word. Tog kan die rol van die konvensionele onderrig benaderings nie ondermyn word in die onderrig en leer van komposisies en inverses van funksies, en as sodanig die konvensionele onderrig benaderings moet saam met PBL word gebruik om die beste resultate op FP studente se wiskunde prestasie te kry . Hierdie studie beveel aan verdere navorsing oor hoe PBL in 'n ander fondament program vakke geïmplementeer kan word.
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Md, Zabit Mohd Nazir. "The implementation and impact of problem-based learning on students' critical thinking skills in teaching business education." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2013. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20829.
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This study is the first in Malaysia which focuses on the implementation of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) method in the classroom within a Business Education course. The implementation aimed to enhance student critical thinking and achievement, which was investigated in the current study. Students' perceptions and experiences of PBL were also explored. The PBL model adopted from the McMaster's Model (Barrow and Tamblyn, 1980) comprised three major steps: (a) exposure to the problematic scenario, (b) search for information, and (c) discussion/new applications on the problems presented. PBL is operationally defined as an instructional strategy where students are faced with real issues which they have to solve through information searching and group. This study employed a quasiexperimental design, where forty five (45) students undertaking a Bachelor of Education (B. Ed Economics) were randomly assigned to the intervention (n = 23) and control groups (n = 22). The former were instructed using the PBL method while the control group still used the traditional learning method. Analysis focused on comparisons between the PBL and TL groups of their Critical Thinking skills [(Inductive, Deductive, Analysis, Inference and Evaluation and Total CT, as measured by the California Critical Thinking Skills Test (CCTST)] and academic achievement on Population Economics and Policy. Furthermore, PBL groups's perceptions were explored by a questionnaire. Results showed that there was no significant group difference in overall CCTST at pre-test and mid-intervention test, however differences were found at post-test on the Inductive and Analysis subscales. Regarding academic achievement, even though the two groups did not differ at pretest, the PBL group showed higher scores at mid and post-test. Students' perceptions of the PBL method were generally positive despite some initial difficulties reported. Even though PBL required more time and effort, the students reported they managed to build their capacity for self-directed learning and improving soft skills. Implications of the study relate to how PBL can enhance students' critical thinking however this needs to be fostered by a whole programme approach rather than delivery via a single course.
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Oosterbroek, Tracy Ann, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Health Sciences. "Preparing to care : creating a culture of caring in problem based learning tutorial groups." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, School of Health Sciences, c2009, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/1295.
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The purpose of this study was to explore with fourth year nursing baccalaureate students, their perceptions of experiences of caring using ethnographic design, and examine the phenomenon of caring and whether the development of caring relationships occurs among students and faculty members. Furthermore, the study sought to understand how nursing students perceive these relationships as influential in their learning, and ability to cope with stress. The sample consisted of ten fourth year nursing students who volunteered to be interviewed as well as one focus group of seven faculty members. The major findings of the study illuminated five general constructs: (1) The caring art of nursing in large part is a way of being in the world, an attitude that is inherent in the personality; (2) the caring science of nurse doing can indeed be taught and learned; (3) non-caring behaviors, experiences and relationships negatively impact the learning environment and therefore the learning outcomes for students; (4) Problem Based Learning (PBL) method cultivates a safe and caring learning environment; (5) caring is valued by students and positively impacts their educational experience, including learning outcomes, clinical experiences and their ability to cope with stress. The findings of the study may be utilized as a component of faculty growth and development as well as internal curriculum review.x, 131 leaves ; 29 cm
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Crowley, Brittany Marie. "The Effects of Problem-Based Learning on Mathematics Achievement of Elementary Students Across Time." TopSCHOLAR®, 2015. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1446.
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The present study specifically evaluated the long-term effects of problem-based learning (PBL) instruction on the mathematics achievement of students who demonstrated higher ability in the subject area than their comparable peers. Subjects included 65 students from six south-central Kentucky elementary schools who participated in Project Gifted Education in Math and Science (Project GEMS), a grant partially funded through the Jacob K. Javits Gifted and Talented Students Education Program. The students were assigned to one of three conditions – PBL-Plus, PBL, or Control – based upon school of attendance. The participants were then administered baseline testing in the fall of the third-grade year using the Test of Mathematical Abilities for Gifted Students (TOMAGS). The TOMAGS was then re-administered each subsequent spring (grades 3-6) for growth data. A mixed two-factor ANOVA revealed that there was no significant interaction between the groups across time. Therefore, it was determined that PBL instruction did not result in a greater level of mathematics achievement compared to a traditional curriculum; in addition, quantity of PBL instruction did not impact mathematics achievement. Interestingly, all groups demonstrated significant gains in mathematics achievement regardless of treatment condition. Several limitations could have interfered with the results of this study, including student attrition, fidelity of implementation, and professional development in PBL curriculum received by the control schools (outside of Project GEMS). As a result, the researchers recommend further research employing stricter fidelity checks and larger sample sizes.
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Combs, Liesl Michele. "The Design, Development and Evaluation of a Problem-based Learning Module: Implications for Teaching Digital Technology Skills to Middle School Students." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26598.
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With the call for a change in the way students are prepared to meet the demands of the 21st century, new teaching methods are under investigation. Problem-based learning is one such method believed to encourage the skills students need to succeed. The purpose of this study is to outline the implications for using this approach to teach digital technology skills. Through this developmental study, a learning module was designed and developed for instruction in an eighth grade technology class. The research study also included an expert review and evaluation of the module through implementation in a middle school in southern New Jersey. The findings are presented and implications include the need for a shift in several aspects of education; a shift in how students are taught, a shift in the role teachers assume through this approach, and a shift in how teachers are trained to implement this teaching approach. Finally, recommendations are made for instructional designers seeking to develop a model for instruction in a problem-based learning environment.Ph. D.
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Wong, Kin-hang, and 黃健行. "A comparative study of problem-based and lecture-based teaching in form 1: metacognitive orientation of thescience learning environment and student achievement." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B27706850.
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Myers, Robert J. "Problem-based learning: a case study in integrating teachers, students, methods, and hypermedia data bases." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40302.
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Soares, Mara Alves. "Aplicação do método de ensino Problem Based Learning (PBL) no curso de Ciências Contábeis: um estudo empírico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/96/96133/tde-19052008-134942/.
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Mudanças têm ocorrido no perfil do estudante egresso contabilista, requerendo destes conhecimentos específicos das técnicas contábeis, e ainda desenvolvimento de competências múltiplas e visão holística do mundo dos negócios. Entretanto, pesquisas mostram que os estudantes não se sentem preparados ao concluir o curso de Ciências Contábeis. O método PBL traz como proposta o estímulo ao pensamento crítico, habilidades para solução de problemas e a aprendizagem de conceitos na área em questão. Este método diferencia-se das abordagens convencionais, pois o ensino é centrado no estudante, inicia-se com o uso de problemas, para direcionar, motivar e focar a aprendizagem. Porém, o uso do PBL ainda é incipiente na área contábil. O presente trabalho objetiva verificar a efetividade do método PBL no curso Ciências Contábeis da FEA-RP/USP. Os resultados estatísticos encontrados por meio da análise fatorial, alpha de Cronbach e regressão permitiram verificar que, a partir da adesão do estudante ao método, os mesmos ganham conhecimento na área, adquirem capacidade para resolução de problema, melhoram sua comunicação, desenvolvem habilidades, e adquirem confiança, apresentando consonância com o trabalho de Kanet e Barut (2003). Tal resultado também corrobora com meta-análise conduzida na área médica por Norman e Schmidt (2000) e Albanese e Michell (1993). Contudo, não há um método que resolva todos os problemas de ensino-aprendizagem.Changes have been happening in the profile of exit accounting students, requiring from them not only specific knowledge of accounting techniques, but also the development of multiple competences and a holistic view of the business world. Research, however, has shown that the students do not feel well prepared when they finish their Accounting course. The PBL method proposes to stimulate critical thought, develop skills for the solution of problems, and also encourage students to learn concepts of their area. This method is different from conventional approaches because the teaching is student-centered; it begins with the use of problems to address, to motivate, and to focus the learning process. Nevertheless, the use of PBL is still incipient in the accounting area. The aim of this work is to verify the effectiveness of the PBL method in the Accounting course of FEA-RP/USP. The statistical results found through factorial analysis, alpha of Cronbach, and regression allowed us to verify that, when students adhere to the method, they gain knowledge in the area; they acquire the ability to solve problems; they improve their communication skills; they develop abilities; and they become more self-confident. These results are consonant with Kanet and Barut\'s (2003) work, and they also corroborate with goal-analysis carried out in the medical area by Norman and Schmidt (2000) and Albanese and Michell (1993). However, there is no method that solves all teaching-learning problems.
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Buser, Stacey. "A CASE STUDY ON CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS AND PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING IN ATHLETIC TRAINING EDUCATION." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1491588873882199.
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Sasser, Selena K. "EFFECT OF STRUCTURE IN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING ON SCIENCE TEACHING EFFICACY BELIEFS AND SCIENCE CONTENT KNOWLEDGE OF ELEMENTARY PRESERVICE TEACHERS." OpenSIUC, 2014. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/846.
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This study examined the effects of differing amounts of structure within the problem based learning instructional model on elementary preservice teachers' science teaching efficacy beliefs, including personal science teaching efficacy and science teaching outcome expectancy, and content knowledge acquisition. This study involved sixty (60) undergraduate elementary preservice teachers enrolled in three sections of elementary science methods classes at a large Midwestern research university. This study used a quasi-experimental nonequivalent design to collect and analyze both quantitative and qualitative data. Participants completed instruments designed to assess science teaching efficacy beliefs, science background, and demographic data. Quantitative data from pre and posttests was obtained using the science teaching efficacy belief instrument-preservice (STEBI-B) developed by Enochs and Riggs (1990) and modified by Bleicher (2004). Data collection instruments also included a demographic questionnaire, an analytic rubric, and a structured interview; both created by the researcher. Quantitative data was analyzed by conducting ANCOVA, paired samples t-test, and independent samples t-test. Qualitative data was analyzed using coding and themes. Each of the treatment groups received the same problem scenario, one group experienced a more structured PBL setting, and one group experienced a limited structure PBL setting. Research personnel administered pre and posttests to determine the elementary preservice teachers' science teaching efficacy beliefs. The results show elementary preservice teachers'science teaching efficacy beliefs can be influence by the problem based learning instructional model. This study did not find that the amount of structure in the form of core ideas to consider and resources for further research increased science teaching efficacy beliefs in this sample. Results from the science content knowledge rubric indicated that structure can increase science content knowledge in this sample. Qualitative data from the tutor, fidelity raters, and interviews indicated the participants were excited about the problem and were interested in the science content knowledge related to the problem. They also indicated they were motivated to continue informal study in the problem area. Participants indicated, during the interview, their initial frustration with the lack of knowledge gained from the tutor; however, indicated this led to more learning on their part. This study will contribute to the overall knowledge of problem based learning and its structures, science teaching efficacy beliefs of elementary preservice teachers, and to current teaching and learning practices.
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Butler, Mark D. "THE EFFECTS OF EMBEDDING FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT MEASURES IN A PROBLEM--BASED LEARNING MATHEMATICS CURRICULUM FOR MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/edsrc_etds/11.
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Student performance in the area of mathematics is a topic of national concern in the United States, with several reports documenting the need for effective instruction to boost student achievement. However, what type of math instruction will most effectively raise student achievement for students with disabilities (SWD) remains a matter of debate. Problem-based learning (PBL) is a promising methodology for engaging and motivating students’ learning while increasing their math skills. Enhanced Anchored Instruction (EAI) is a form of problem-based learning, rooted in a constructivist framework, which guides students through complex problems through video anchors and context rich environments that has been shown to significantly improve math performance of SWD. Assessing student performance during PBL units is often difficult. Formative assessments supplement curriculum by allowing teachers to gather information and assess student learning during the course of instruction. However, despite the rise in formative assessment use, the effects of formative assessment in PBL curricula are rarely addressed. This study examined the effect of embedding formative assessments in the EAI curriculum on academic outcomes in middle school math classrooms. Results showed that problem solving performance did not improve with the addition of formative assessment and gains on computation performance were mixed.
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Ustun, Ulas. "To What Extent Is Problem-based Learning Effective As Compared To Traditional Teaching In Science Education? A Meta-analysis Study." Phd thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615106/index.pdf.
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The main purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the effectiveness of PBL not only on student achievement and motivation in science, but also on attitudes towards science and skills in primary, secondary and higher educational levels. In addition, the effects of some moderator variables including publication type, research design, teacher effect, researcher effect, country, subject matter, school level, PBL mode, length of treatment, group size, type of questions and assessment instrument on the effectiveness of PBL were also examined in the scope of this meta-analysis. 147 effect sizes were revealed from 88 primary studies selected to be included in the meta-analysis based on the inclusion criteria. Random-effects model rather than fixed-effect model was chosen to be conducted to compute effect sizes indicating the effect of PBL on different outcomes while mixed-effect and fully random-effects model were used while performing analog ANOVA for moderator analysis. The results clearly show that PBL is more effective on different outcomes when compared to traditional teaching methods. The results indicate an overall medium mean effect size of 0.633 for PBL effectiveness. More specifically, PBL has a large impact with a large effect size of 0.820 on students&rsquoachievement in science subjects in different levels and reveals medium effect sizes of 0.566, 0.616, and 0.565 for students&rsquo
attitude towards science, motivation in science and different kinds of skills, respectively. Moderator analyses indicate that publication type, country, subject area, school level and length of treatment have a noteworthy impact on the effectiveness of PBL.
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Nivens, Ryan Andrew, and Renée Rice Moran. "Beyond Problem-based Learning: How a Residency Model Improves the Education of Pre-service Teachers." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/289.
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In 2010, the state of Tennessee embraced the call to overhaul teacher education and required programs to adopt a residency model within K-12 schools. How exactly this would affect the various methods courses in a teacher education program? This paper provides a description of how two elementary education methods courses have shifted from simulation-style projects to projects that involve working with actual elementary students throughout the semester. This article presents an overview of the new residency style methods courses, along with how major assignments shifted to utilize the extensive time pre-service teachers would spend in the elementary school classroom.
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Bartholomew, Scott Ronald. "A Study Analyzing Five Instructional Methods for Teaching Software to Junior High Students." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2654.
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If you ask 5 different teachers what the best way to teach a new technology to a student is you will get 5 different answers. (Bork, 2001; Cheong, 2008; Egal, 2009; Howell, 2001) What is the best way to teach a new computer software application to a student? In the technological world we live in today the effective transfer of technological knowledge is paramount. With varying opinions even among the leaders of national technology teacher associations (Haynie, 2005) there is a large level of ambiguity in relation to best practices in technology teaching. This study evaluates five commonly used methods of software application instruction used in technology classrooms. Students and teachers were questioned regarding the effectiveness and frequency of use of each of the instructional methods. Students were also instructed using five commonly used methods of instruction. Student's work was graded and average grades for each method of instruction were obtained. Key findings include: 1 - Students perceive book learning to be the most effective method of instruction for themselves and for their classmates. 2 - Teachers perceived direct instruction as the most effective method of instruction and book learning as the least effective method of instruction. 3 - Although students reported book learning as the most effective method of instruction those receiving direct instruction received the highest grades.
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Kerr, Mariann. "Teaching Strategies to Prepare Prelicensure Nursing Students to Teach-back." Diss., NSUWorks, 2016. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/hpd_con_stuetd/28.
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Background: Prelicensure nursing programs prepare generalists with essential knowledge, skills, and attitudes to practice in complex health care environments. Nurse educators determine which teaching strategies will best prepare the nurse generalist. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a teaching plan that combined the strategies of pretest/posttest, classroom activities, and a problem-based learning activity: a clinical immersion experience. The skill of "teach-back" was taught and evaluated. Theoretical framework: Two theories guided the teaching plan for this research. Adult learning theory (Knowles, 1975, 1980, 2012) addressed how and why adults learn, and social cognitive theory (Bandura, 1977, 1986) described teaching strategies that assisted the adult learner to gain knowledge. Methods: A non-experimental design divided consenting participants were into intervention (n = 21) and control groups (n = 11). The Health Literacy Knowledge and Experience Survey (Cormier, 2006) was used to pretest/posttest for attainment of knowledge related to teach-back. The Communication Assessment Tool (Makoul, Krupat, & Chang, 2007) was used by standardized patients to evaluate the participants' ability to perform a teach-back. Results: The results of this study provided evidence that posttest scores improved for both intervention and control groups (n = 32). Twenty-seven participants performed a teach-back with evaluation. The results did not indicate a significant difference between groups in performing the skill of teach-back. Conclusion: There was little difference in posttest scores for groups and participants' ability to perform a teach-back, indicating that both groups gained knowledge and skill from the teaching strategies.
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Cassaro, Maria Cristina Alves. "A aplicação do Método PBL (Problem Based Learning) para o Curso de Contabilidade no Ensino Superior: suas vantagens e desvantagens." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2017. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/19800.
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Evolution in business scope has expanded significantly all over the sectors and the start of a professional career depends on a very relevant factor called teaching and learning, which is the basis for a successful profession. In order to occur improve-ments in accounting education area, actions which comprise the factors that influ-ence the evolution of learning and teaching are needed. This work aimed to analyze the PBL (Problem Based Learning) methodology, to identify possible contributions to the teaching learning process in the course of Accounting Sciences. The research employs a quantitative approach with the objective of collecting data in a given popu-lation, using a closed questionnaire that serves as sampling for the procedure of analysis and interpretation of data for the present study. As a result, it can be con-firmed, among some aspects, that the PBL methodology is preferred by teachers and students. With this, it was observed in the research that such method is applicable in the course of Accounting Sciences, respecting the literary support, so that it can suc-ceed in the development and application of a new methodology of teaching used in the classroom, so that the student Develop critical thinking, logical reasoning, initia-tion to research, group work, problem solving skills proposed
A evolução no âmbito empresarial expande expressivamente em todos os setores. O início da carreira profissional depende de um fator muito importante chamado ensi-no-aprendizagem, que é a base para o sucesso de uma profissão futura. Para que ocorram melhorias na área educacional contábil, são necessárias ações que com-preendam os fatores que influenciam a evolução do ensino-aprendizagem. Este tra-balho teve como objetivo a análise da metodologia PBL (Problem Based Learning), para identificar possíveis contribuições para o processo de ensino aprendizagem no curso de Ciências Contábeis. A pesquisa emprega abordagem quantitativa com ob-jetivo de coletar dados em determinada população, com utilização de questionário de perguntas fechadas que serve de amostragem para procedimento de análise e interpretação de dados para o presente estudo. Como resultado, pode-se confirmar, dentre alguns aspectos, que a metodologia PBL é a preferida pelos docentes e dis-centes. Com isso, foi observado na pesquisa que tal método é passível de aplicação no curso de Ciências Contábeis, respeitando a sustentação literária, para que possa ter sucesso no desenvolvimento e aplicação de uma nova metodologia de ensino empregada em sala de aula, para que o aluno desenvolva o pensamento crítico, ra-ciocínio lógico, a iniciação à pesquisa, o trabalho em grupo, habilidades de resolu-ção de problemas proposto
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Sithole, Phumzile Cordelia. "An exploration of teaching strategies utilised in the facilitation of learning for first level students in General Nursing Science." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24801.
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Lecturers at three Nursing Colleges in the Gauteng Province in South Africa where this study was conducted raised their concern that a large proportion of learners reaching the senior phase have difficulty solving patient care problems and even making specific decisions regarding patient care. These learners are also unable to formulate nursing diagnoses and develop nursing care plans. This lack of essential critical thinking skills is evident during the assessment of their assignments, tests as well as clinical formative assessments. These skills can be developed within learners throughout their four-year training, if exposed to outcomes- based education (OBE) and problem-based teaching strategies especially starting on the first level of their training course. The current nursing education programme, at these Nursing Colleges where this study was conducted is an outcomes- and problem-based curriculum. It is important that teaching strategies utilized by nurse educators are appropriate for the specific curriculum implemented because they greatly differ from the traditional teaching strategies. The purpose of this study was to investigate the teaching and assessment strategies utilized in the facilitation of learning for the first year level students in the subject General Nursing Science (GNS I). The focus of the study was on the first year of training because it is expected that development of critical thinking be started at this level. A quantitative, contextual descriptive research method was utilised. The sample consisted of lecturers (N=23) and students (N=680). The lecturers from each of the three colleges were addressed during a personnel meeting regarding the study and a suitable date and time was set for the distribution of the questionnaires to the lecturers and to first year learners during the last block of the academic year. The questionnaires were distributed to the lecturers and the learners on the agreed date and time and the researcher was present to clarify any misunderstanding regarding the tool. The questionnaire consisted of appendix E, which was distributed to lecturers and appendix F, which was distributed to the learners. Respondents were requested not to give any identifiable information on the questionnaires and to place completed questionnaires in the box provided in each of the venues to ensure confidentiality and anonymity. Data from the study indicated that not all of the teaching strategies and assessment methods utilized by the educators are appropriate and conducive for the stimulation of critical thinking skills. The majority of the lecturers facilitate through a lecture method and assessments are mostly done through written tests and examinations. On the other hand teaching facilities at the colleges are inadequate, for instance small group facilities are not available. Recommendations are as follows: - More lecturers should be encouraged to obtain a Masters Degree qualification in Nursing.
- All lecturers should utilize the OBE educational strategies.
- In their facilitation of GNS I lecturers should accommodate older students, because they were never exposed to an OBE approach in their basic education.
- Lecturers should utilise a variety of teaching strategies that will ensure development of critical analytical thinking.
- Lecturers should utilize a variety of assessment methods.
- Students should be encouraged to seek information on their own, specifically regarding case studies because this actively involves them as they are solving problems, making decisions and draw conclusions in relation to GNS I.
Dissertation (MCur)--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Nursing Science
unrestricted
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Santos, Marcello Lopes dos. "Aplicação do Problem Based Learning (PBL): uma percepção dos coordenadores dos cursos de Ciências Contábeis." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2014. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/1594.
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Previous issue date: 2014-12-15In today's world, the discussion about teaching is taking place in all spheres, from the earliest teachings graduates. Reports, studies and surveys show that the scenario needs to change and has scheduled several initiatives from both government as private institutions for the changes are positive and bring improvements to the current school. One of the questions that have intrigued researchers are about teaching methods. We all know that traditional methods are saturated and with the advent of new technologies that integrate studies, rapid change is necessary for professionals to monitor all instances in real time. One of the proposals is the problem-based learning, called PBL (Problem Based Learning). In this study, the focus of research is the effectiveness of the implementation of this method looks for the coordination of Institutions of Higher Education of São Paulo, a critical eye and people who are on the frontlines arguing for improvements in the preparation of future professionals in the accounting area
No mundo atual, a discussão sobre o ensino está ocorrendo em todas as esferas, desde os primeiros ensinamentos aos graduados. Reportagens, estudos e pesquisas mostram que o cenário precisa mudar e já ocorrem várias iniciativas tanto do governo, como das instituições particulares, para que as mudanças sejam positivas e tragam melhorias ao ensino atual. Uma das questões que intrigam os pesquisadores é a que se refere aos métodos de ensino. Todos sabem que os métodos tradicionais estão saturados e, com o advento de novas tecnologias que integram os estudos, se faz necessária uma mudança rápida para que os profissionais acompanhem todas as ocorrências em tempo real. Uma das propostas é o ensino baseado em problemas, chamado de PBL (Problem Based Learning). Neste estudo, o foco da pesquisa é a sugestão da efetividade da implantação deste método pelos olhares da coordenação das Instituições de Ensino Superior da Cidade de São Paulo, um olhar crítico de pessoas que estão na linha de frente, argumentando para melhorias no preparo dos futuros profissionais da área contábil
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Paternite, Judith. "The Effects of Problem-Based Learning Versus Structured Tutorials on Student Achievement in a Relational Database Design Activity During Online Concept Learning." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1467648599.
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Albion, Peter. "Interactive multimedia problem-based learning for enhancing pre-service teachers' self-efficacy beliefs about teaching with computers: design, development and evaluation." University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Education, 2000. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00001393/.
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[Abstract]: Research has suggested that, despite support through policy and resource provision,information and communications technologies (ICTs) have made little impact on the practiceof education and that limited teacher preparation for the use of ICTs represents a partialexplanation. The purpose of this study was to investigate what form of professionaleducation might be effective in preparing pre-service teachers to integrate ICTs into theirteaching. Self-efficacy beliefs about teaching with computers were identified as a potentiallysignificant source of influence on teachers' use of ICTs for teaching. It was proposed thatinteractive multimedia using a problem-based learning design (IMM-PBL) should be aneffective tool for increasing self-efficacy. Principles for the design of IMM-PBL were derivedfrom the relevant literature.An IMM-PBL package was designed and developed for delivery in a web browser formatusing content relevant to the integration of ICTs into teaching. Interviews with and sampleresponses prepared by computer-using teachers provided the basis for ensuring therelevance of content.The completed materials were evaluated in use with a group of 24 final year pre-serviceteachers in a Queensland university. Participants in the trials reported that the materialswere engaging and assisted their learning about integrating computers in their teaching. Astatistically significant increase in self-efficacy for teaching with computers was found forusers who had initially low self-efficacy for teaching with computers.The principles proposed for IMM-PBL design were found to offer a practical basis for thedevelopment of effective learning materials. With further development, IMM-PBL promisesto be a powerful and flexible approach to supporting learning for teachers and otherprofessionals.
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Doody, James. "A longitudinal evaluation of the impact of a problem-based learning approach to the teaching of software development in higher education." Thesis, Durham University, 2009. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/47/.
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First year students on Computing courses at tertiary level find Software Development difficult: learner outcomes are poor, with high failure rates and low learner retention. A number of research studies have shown that novice programmers have low intrinsic motivation and low programming self-efficacy. One of the other possible explanations for the difficulties many learners have with Software Development is that it may be a Threshold Concept in Computing. The literature suggests that Problem-Based Learning (PBL) can improve the teaching of difficult concepts, and it has been promoted by professional and funding bodies as a teaching strategy that can improve learner outcomes and bring about positive changes in learner behaviour. The main aim of this research study was to establish the impact on learner outcomes and behaviour of a Hybrid PBL approach used in the teaching of an introductory Software Development module at an Irish tertiary level institution. Learners on the Software Development module are characterised by low prior attainment in State college entry examinations, and the majority are from low income socio-economic backgrounds. Learner outcomes and behaviours were investigated over four cohorts of learners using a large range of data sources. A randomised controlled experimental design was used to measure changes in attainment, programming self-efficacy, motivation, approaches to study and preferences for types of teaching. Questionnaires, data mining of learner activity and attendance logs were used to provide additional information about learner behaviour, and further analysis was undertaken using qualitative techniques such as classroom observations and interviews. Both qualitative and quantitative measures were used to confirm, cross-validate and corroborate findings. The study made significant discoveries about the strengths and limitations of the Problem-Based Learning approach in the teaching of Software Development to low attainment learners. The implications for instructional practice and for educational theory and research are discussed and a number of recommendations are made.
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Maxfield, Marian Belle. "The Effects of Small Group Cooperation Methods and Question Strategies on Problem Solving Skills, Achievement, and Attitude during Problem-Based Learning." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1301113251.
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HSIAO, E.-LING, and 蕭宜綾. "A Web-based Teaching Research in Counseling Ethics: Problem-based Learning Approach." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/88833809234588552289.
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碩士國立彰化師範大學
教育研究所
91
In order to explore the learning interaction and the learners’ learning achievements, the study took qualitative research as the main researching framework. In search for the accurate and integral data, the researcher also collected quantified data. In analyzing the learning—interaction data, the researcher applied content analysis and participant observation to explore the learning-interaction condition in the Web-based instruction. In the part of learning-achievements data analysis, the researcher applied students’ Problem-Based Journal, “The Ethical Decision Making Scale”, and “The Ethic Discrimination Scale” to collect the initial stage and the terminal stage of students’ learning conditions. Then researcher synthesized the outcome of “The Student’s Opinion Survey” to explore the learning interaction and the learners’ learning achievements in the Web-based instruction. The findings of this research were as follows: 1.In the part of learner-learner synchronous interaction, it can be divided into six aspects, included the conditions of questioning, reaction, acceptation, taking care of group discussion, sharing learning resources and emotional expression. 2.In the part of learner-instructor synchronous interaction, the role of the instructor is not clear and tutor can show the skills of questioning, challenging and disputing to catalyze the process of group learning. 3. In the part of learner-content interaction, learners had some opinions for the description of PBL questions; we found a good question can lead the learners to make more diverse learning issues. 4. In the part of learner-Interface interaction, we found learners were not familiar with the interface at the initial stage. Learners’ learning will be affected by the instable condition of web-based transmission system and personal computer. 5. In the part of learners’ learning achievements, we found (1) learners’ ability of making ethical decision incline to an unanimity after PBL web-based instruction. (2) learners’ ability of ethic discrimination was changed positively after PBL web-based instruction. (3) learners had the characteristics of self-directed learning after PBL web-based instruction. Keyword:Web-based Teaching; Problem-based Learning; Counseling Ethics; Content Analysis; Qualitative Research; Web-based Interaction; Synchronous Interaction; Asynchronous Interaction; Learning Interaction; Ethical Decision Making; Ethic Discrimination; Self-directed Learning; Group Discussion
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Lin, Chiou-Fen, and 林秋芬. "The Effectiveness of Problem-Based Learning on Nursing Ethical Teaching." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/83128821763311667611.
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博士臺北醫學大學
醫學研究所
95
Nursing ethics is the behavioral norm of nursing practices. Whether nurses can practice appropriately hinges upon whether the methods of nursing ethics teaching are appropriate. This study aims at exploring the effects of applying traditional teaching and problem-based learning on nursing ethical teachings from August 2003 to July 2004. The study included two stages. The first stage was the design of the curriculum and the measurement tools of students’ performance. The second stage was implementing a quasi-experiment study in nursing ethical teaching and conducting the evaluation of teaching effectiveness in final program. The experimental group was problem-based learning, control group was traditional teaching. The problem-based learning was based on small group discussion, traditional teaching by teacher to teach. The nursing ethics curriculum was validated by experts. Both have the same curriculum objectives, learning goals, instruction outlines, instruction methods, performance assessment, schedule of curriculum and references, etc. There were three performance assessment tools. The first one was the biomedical ethical judgment questionnaire, the second one the satisfaction of teaching survey, and the third one the situation examination. The performance measurement tools were ascertained via expert validity and the inclusion criteria were set at CVI (content validity index) greater than 0.86. In addition, the test and retest reliability of the biomedical ethical judgment questionnaire reaches 0.95. The final content of the biomedical ethical judgment questionnaire included 9 situations and 41 items. The satisfaction of teaching tool were ascertained via expert validity and the inclusion criteria were set at CVI greater than 0.80, the reliability coefficients reaches 0.80, split-half reliability reaches 0.76. The final content of the satisfaction of teaching questionnaire included 3 open questions and 6 items. The situation examination tool were ascertained via expert validity and the inclusion criteria were set at CVI greater than 0.80. The final content of the situation examination questionnaire included 2 situations. Purposive sampling has been used for this study. The sample consisted of senior students of a 4 year program and second year students of a 2 year program, who took a nursing ethics course, in the nursing department of some medical university. The whole sample was divided into two groups by random sampling: one group for experiment and the other for control. There is no difference in students’ background in the two groups except religion factor. No association has been found between biomedical ethical judgment and religion in the end. Significant changes on biomedical ethical judgment have been found after the nursing ethics teaching intervention. In the meantime, significant changes between and within the two groups have also been demonstrated for the two different teaching methods. After the course was completed, the satisfaction rate on teaching methods was higher for the control group than the experiment group. But the experiment group scored higher than the control group on five items: self-learning motivation (p < .01), good conduct self cultivation, understanding of nursing ethical issues, critical thinking (p < .001) and creative thinking. A statistically significant difference has also been seen in the scores of the writing test, 84.6 for the experiment group and 70.8 for the control group. Two conclusions were drawn: 1. The traditional teaching method and the problem-based learning method are both effective, and yet the problem-based learning method has shown more significant effects; 2. Both methods can improve students’ biomedical ethical judgment ability, but problem-based learning was found to be more effective. Hopefully, the results of this study can provide valuable references for nursing ethics instruction in the schools and verification effects of nursing ethical teaching with problem-based learing.
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Weng, Shi-Xin, and 翁士昕. "Teaching Learning Based Optimization for Retail Shelf Space Allocation Problem." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/d7895n.
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碩士國立臺中科技大學
流通管理系碩士班
107
Shelf-space allocation problem (SSAP) is one of the most important issues in retail operations management. In this paper, we use the SSAP model proposed by Yang and Cheng (1999) as the foundation and apply a relatively newer algorithm, Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization (TLBO), to solve the problem. We also compare the solution quality of this method with Yang’s heuristic algorithm, Yang’s improved heuristic algorithm, Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Genetic Algorithm-Variable Neighborhood Search (GA-VNS). Further, we integrate TLBO and VNS methods to enhance the solution quality of TLBO. The experimental results indicate that in addition to use of fewer control parameters, the proposed TLBO-VNS algorithm is also superior to other algorithms in solution quality.
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Chen, Ying-Min, and 陳瑛旼. "Apply the Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization to Primer Selection Problem." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/44824555908677548141.
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碩士稻江科技暨管理學院
網路系統學系碩士班
101
Primer selection plays an important role for PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). To find the primers with high qualities is an essential work. However, it is not easy because many PCR experiment constraints must be considered simultaneously. To select primers manually is tedious and time-consuming as well as usually unfeasible with the human negligence. To date, there are numerous computational methods applied to primer selection problem in the literatures. These methods still need to be improved for the qualities of their selected primers and the efficiency of their running stage. In order to raise the qualities and the efficiency of primer selection, we introduce a novel algorithm called “TLBO” that is abbreviated from “Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization”. This algorithm can screen the specific and feasible primers for PCR experiments. In the study, we first selected fifty sequences with lengths between 1900 bps and 2100 bps randomly from NCBI. And then, each sequence was as the template sequence and to perform the primer selection process of 500 times. The outcomes were then evaluated. Finally, we compared the results of TLBO with MA (memetic algorithm) that has been published in the literature. The results shown the TLBO method is better than the MA method in primer selection.
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Vissar, Yusra Laila Reiser Robert. "The effect of problem-based and lecture-based instructional strategies on learner problem solving performance, problem solving processes, and attitudes." 2003. http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-09232003-002957.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Florida State University, 2003.Advisor: Robert Reiser, Florida State University, College of Education, Department of Educational Psychology and Learning Systems. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Apr. 8, 2004). Includes bibliographical references.
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Van, Wyngaarden Angeline. "Teaching strategies for theory content in an outcomes- and problem-based nursing education programme." Diss., 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07132009-151258/.
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