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McGown, Elizabeth. "Canadian women sprint racing canoeists' retirement from the National Team." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ66174.pdf.
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Spencer, Matthew. "Physiological and metabolic responses of repeated-sprint bouts : specific to field-based team sports." University of Western Australia. School of Human Movement and Exercise Science, 2006. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2006.0120.
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This thesis comprises one review paper and five experimental studies, all of which are presented in the form of journal article submissions. These six research papers attempt to further our understanding of the physiological and metabolic requirements of repeated-sprint activity, specific to field-based team sports. Although coaches and sport scientists have suggested that repeated-sprint ability is an important fitness component of team sports, this area of investigation has only become more common in the past 10 years.
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Erickson, Alyssa Jean. "Agile Development in Instructional Design: A Case Study at BYU Independent Study." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6780.
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Agile development is a software development methodology that originated in 2001 (Beck, et al.). It has since gained wide recognition and use in the software industry, and is characterized by iterative development cycles. Organizations outside of the software industry are also finding ways to adapt Agile development to their contexts. BYU Independent Study (BYUIS) is an online education program at Brigham Young University that provides online courses at the high school and university levels. In April 2016, BYUIS implemented the Agile development process to the design and development of online courses. This thesis is a case study that looks specifically at the adoption of Agile at BYUIS, from its implementation in April 2016 to the time of this study in summer of 2017. The question this qualitative study seeks to answer is as follows: how and why did the adoption of the Agile development methodology to instructional design practices at BYUIS reflect or differ from the 12 principles of Agile development? To answer this research question, the researcher used multiple data sources: semi-structured interviews with three administrators, two production team managers, and three instructional designers; surveys for BYUIS student employees (i.e., scrum team members) after each week of observation; and field note observations of three Agile scrum teams for two weeks each. The data from each of these sources was analyzed through a descriptive coding process and then organized into a thematic network analysis. The Results section analyzes evidence from the interviews, surveys, and observations that reflect or differ from each of the 12 principles of Agile. The Discussion addresses three main issues of implementing Agile at BYUIS: how to accommodate for part-time schedules, the complexity of working on different projects, and how to facilitate communication in scrum teams if co-location is not possible. It also looks at how these three issues could be manifest in other organizations and introduces potential solutions. The researcher then presents suggestions for future research on Agile in instructional design or other contexts.
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Phillips, Shaun Martyn. "Influence of carbohydrate supplementation on endurance capacity, sprint performance, and physiological responses of adolescent team games players to prolonged intermittent high intensity exercise." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5906.
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Ingesting carbohydrate (CHO) before and during prolonged steady-state exercise can significantly improve the endurance capacity (time to exhaustion) of adolescents. This knowledge, combined with current understanding of the physiological and metabolic responses of young people to prolonged steadystate exercise, as well as awareness of youth team games participation statistics, suggests CHO ingestion before and during team games exercise may be beneficial for adolescent team games players. However, research in this area has not been conducted, presenting a notable gap in the paediatric exercise science literature. This thesis described three studies with the aim of investigating the influence of CHO ingestion immediately before, and during, prolonged intermittent, high-intensity exercise on the endurance capacity, sprint performance, and physiological responses of adolescent team games players. The studies investigated a CHO-electrolyte (CHO-E) solution, solutions of differing CHO concentration ([CHO]), and CHO in the form of a gel in trained 12-14 year old soccer, rugby, and field hockey players during a modified Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test (LIST). Study 1 (n = 15) reported a significant 24.4% enhancement of intermittent endurance capacity with ingestion of a 6% CHO-E solution compared with a placebo (PLA, 5.1 ± 1.8 vs. 4.1 ± 1.6 min, P < 0.05, r = 0.51), with distance covered also significantly greater in the CHO trial (851 ± 365 vs. 694 ± 278 m, P < 0.05, r = 0.52). No significant influence of CHO was found for mean sprint times (P = 0.35, r = 0.27) or physiological response except at exhaustion, where peak heart rate was significantly greater in the CHO trial (P < 0.05, r = 0.55). Study two (n = 7) found a significant influence of [CHO] on intermittent endurance capacity, with a 6% solution increasing intermittent endurance capacity by 34.1% compared with a 10% solution (5.5 ± 0.8 vs. 4.1 ± 1.5 min, P < 0.05, r = 0.76). No significant difference was observed between the 2% (4.8 ± 1.2 min) and the 6% (P = 0.10, r = 0.63), or the 2% and the 10% (P = 0.09, r = 0.63) solution. Distance covered was significantly greater with the 6% solution compared with the 10% solution (931 ± 172 vs. 706 ± 272 m, P < 0.05, r = 0.76), but was not significantly different compared with the 2% solution (811 ± 230 m, P = 0.09, r = 0.63) or between the 2% and 10% solutions (P = 0.11, r = 0.61). Carbohydrate concentration did not significantly influence mean sprint times (P = 0.38, r = 0.42) or physiological response. Study three (n = 11) reported a significant 21.1% enhancement in intermittent endurance capacity with ingestion of a CHO gel, isoenergetic to the 6% CHO-E solution used in studies 1 and 2, compared with a PLA gel (4.6 ± 2.0 vs. 3.8 ± 2.4 min, P < 0.05, r = 0.67). Distance covered was also significantly greater in the CHO trial (787 ± 319 vs. 669 ± 424 m, P < 0.05, r = 0.57). No influence of the CHO gel was observed on mean sprint times (P = 0.33, r = 0.31) or physiological response. This thesis reports a significant positive influence of CHO ingestion on the intermittent endurance capacity of adolescent team games players during prolonged intermittent, high-intensity exercise. Ingestion of a 6% CHO-E solution was more beneficial than a PLA solution and a 10% CHO-E solution. When compared to a PLA gel, CHO gel ingestion was analogous in efficacy to a 6% CHO-E solution. Carbohydrate ingestion did not significantly influence sprint performance. The influence of CHO on the physiological responses of adolescent team games players to prolonged intermittent, high-intensity exercise was minimal, with the only reported effect being a significantly greater HR at exhaustion in study 1. This thesis has provided evidence to support the use of CHO before and during team games in adolescent team games players, begun to formulate guidelines for CHO ingestion by adolescent team games players, and provided a robust foundation for further study in this field.
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Dong, Wenfei. "Exploring and Theorizing Velocity Flux in Agile Development." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Informationssystem, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-254748.
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We mainly study development velocity in agile teams in this dissertation. The concept of development velocity relates to the classical problem of time estimation in software development and software development planning. Building on previous literature as well as a case study, we explore and theorize the factors that cause ‘velocity flux’, i.e. fluctuations in development velocity through studying the relationship between development velocity and the rate of incoming customer feature requests. The aim of this study is to contribute to a better understanding of what causes velocity flux in agile development, and discusses the implications of the findings for research and practical implications for agile planning. As a result, we propose nine factors that cause velocity flux, and provide some strategies to overcome them in order to make a more effective sprint planning in agile teams.
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Abbott, John. "Bilateral Muscle Oxygenation Kinetics In Response To Repeat Sprint Cycling In Strong And Weak Individuals." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3696.
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Repeat sprint ability has been investigated thoroughly, however optimal training methodology to improve RSA remains elusive. Both kinetic and physiological viewpoints have been used to scrutinize aspects of RSA including, initial sprint performance (anaerobic power), maximal cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max), lactate threshold, anaerobic capacity (mean power), muscle activation (EMG), and local muscle oxygenation kinetics. To our knowledge no study has utilized maximal strength levels as a separate factor among a homogenous group of cardiorespiratory fitness individuals (as determined by peak VO2 during RSA). The purpose of this study was to better understand the relationship between maximal strength, muscular characteristics, and cycling RSA- respective to muscle oxygenation responses. Fifteen participants completed fifteen 10-second maximal effort sprints on a cycle ergometer interspersed with 30-seconds passive recovery. Respiratory, muscle oxygenation, and kinetic responses were monitored continuously and evaluated relationships with maximal strength and muscular architecture as determined by isometric mid-thigh pull and ultrasonography respectively. A series of 2 x 15 mixed design, group x time, ANOVA’s were used to evaluate the effects of group and or sprint on muscle oxygenation kinetics. Strong individuals were found to have significantly greater levels of muscle oxygenation usage, recovery and the respective rates; p = 0.01, p = 0.02, p
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Hodzic, Almir. "Scrum-processens påverkan på den inre projekteffektiviteten : En fallstudie av ett nationellt distribuerat Scrumteam." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Handelshögskolan, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-54880.
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I en allt mer digitaliserad värld där systemutveckling sker i snabbare iterationer, uppstår ökade behov som behöver mötas av IT-konsultbolag i systemutvecklingsprojekt. Agila systemutvecklingsmetoder uppstod vid behov av lättrörliga systemutvecklingsmetoder. En av de mest tillämpade metoderna är Scrum, som är anpassad för små, samlokaliserade projekt. Den agila utvecklingsmetoden Scrum är en erkänd metodik inom systemutveckling som möjliggör noggrann utvärdering, testning och iteration inom utvecklingsprojekt. Populariteten av Scrum-metoden har ökat och det har medfört att organisationer med olika typer av strukturer blivit intresserade av att tillämpa Scrum-metoden på nationell och internationell nivå, vilket utmanar Scrum-metodens gränser och teorier. Meningen med Scrum-metoden var ursprungligen att effektivisera systemutvecklingsprojekt på lokal nivå. Distribueringen av Scrum-metoden utmanar därför gränserna och påverkar Scrum-metodens projekteffektivitet. Syftet med denna kandidatuppsats i Informatik är att identifiera, beskriva och förklara förhållanden i en nationellt distribuerad Scrum-process som påverkar den inre projekteffektiviteten. Fallstudiemetoden brukades för denna uppsats, vilken har baserats på ett observationstillfälle hos fallföretaget samt intervjuer med fyra olika rollinnehavare inom fallföretaget. De viktigaste slutsatserna från denna uppsats visar att det finns ett antal förhållanden som påverkar det nationellt distribuerade teamets projekteffektivitet. Valet av releasecykelns struktur påverkar den inre projekteffektiviten, liksom valet av ett mer linjärt team. Fokus på specialkompetens och isolering gentemot kommunikation och samarbete kan påverka hur ett nationellt distribuerat team arbetar över kontorsgränserna. Det visar sig att förhållandena som uppstår ursprungligen har sin grund i hur teamets medlemmar enskilt uppfattar situationerna och att ett team med delade åsikter kan skapa liknande situationer. Slutligen kan synkroniseringen mellan det nationellt distribuerade teamets kontor ha en påverkan på förhållandena.
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Dent, Jessica. "The physiological and molecular response to repeated sprints in male and female team-sport athletes : a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Sport and Exercise Science at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand." Massey University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1034.
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Background: Due to the unique demands of the sport, athletes playing football perform a variety of differing training methods to improve physiological performance. These include strength, endurance and sprint training. While the effects of strength and endurance training have been well researched, the effects of repeated-sprint training on blood and muscle variables in well trained males and females are not well known. An understanding of changes to the blood and muscle during and following an exercise bout are important, so to gain an understanding of the type of stress and resulting adaptations that may occur. Also, while a large volume of research in training adaptations has been performed on males; little has been done on females. To date, some research indicates metabolism during moderateintensity exercise may differ between males and females; however, no study has compared repeated-sprint exercise. Therefore, it is unclear as to whether males and females would have a differing physiological response to repeated-sprint training. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a repeated-sprint bout on molecular signalling in muscle and blood measures and heart rate in well-trained footballers. Additionally, we compared running times and sprint decrement (%). Research Design: Eight female senior University football players (Mean ± SD, age, 19 ± 1 y, VO ? 2peak 53.0 ± 5.1 ml·kg-1min-1) and seven male senior University football players (Mean ± SD, age, 19 ± 3 y, VO ? 2peak 59.0 ± 6.6 ml·kg-1min-1) volunteered to participate in this study. Participants performed four bouts of 6 x 30 m maximal sprints spread equally over a 40 min period. Sprint time was measured (at 30 m) for each sprint and sprint decrement was also calculated for all bouts. Muscle biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis muscle at rest, 15 min following exercise and 2 h into recovery. Venous blood samples were taken at the same time points as the biopsies while capillary blood lactate was measured at rest and 3 min following each sprint bout. Repeated measures ANOVA and Post hoc t-tests were performed to determine significant differences between the two groups (male vs. female) and time points. Findings: Both groups had a significant (P<0.05) increase in blood lactate (mM) after the first bout of repeated sprints, with no differences between females (pre 0.9 ± 0.4 mM – post 10.0 ± 1.6 mM) and males (pre 0.8 ± 0.3 mM – post 10.0 ± 3.5 mM). Blood lactate remained elevated compared to rest (P<0.05) following bouts 2, 3 and 4 for both females (12.0 ± 3.6, 12.0 ± 3.3, 12.2 ± 3.8 mM respectively) and males (11.9 ± 2.9, 11.6 ± 2.3, 11.5 ± 4.0 mM respectively), with no differences between groups or time points (P>0.05). There were no differences (P>0.05) between the female and male athletes in mean heart rate attained at the end of each bout of repeated sprints (187 ± 2 v 190 ± 2 bpm respectively) or during recovery between sprints (140 ± 2 v 130 ± 2 bpm respectively). There were no differences between groups or time points in blood insulin (P>0.05). Fastest 30 m sprint time and mean 30 m sprint time during the repeated-sprint bout was faster for the males than females (4.58 ± 0.12 v 5.26 ± 0.27 s respectively; (P>0.05)). However, there were no differences in running velocity during the sprints between the males and females (165 ± 0.4 % vs. 155 ± 0.05 %; P>0.05) when expressed relative to velocity at VO ? 2peak (vVO ? 2peak). Also, mean % decrement during the repeated-sprint bout was lower in the males then females (4.9 ± 1.3 v 7.1 ± 1.9 % respectively; P<0.05). No changes were observed in total or phosphorylated Akt at any time-point or between genders. However, while total 4E-BP1 was lower, the ratio of total to phosphoryalated 4E-BP1 at rest was greater in males than females (P<0.05). Finally, there was also a significant decrease in 4E-BP1 phosphorylation post-exercise in males (P<0.05), but not females. Conclusions: There were no sex differences in blood lactate or heart rate throughout the repeated-sprint bout. These findings suggest that there were no cardio respiratory or lactate production/clearance differences in the response to a repeated-sprint-training bout between sexes. However, while males were faster than their female counterparts, the average relative speed was similar between sexes, suggesting a similar relative volume of work was performed during the sprint bouts. However, the females did have a greater decrement in sprint performance indicating a greater ability to recover sprint performance in the males. Sex differences in resting total and phosphorylated 4E-BP1 may indicate greater potential for muscle growth in the male athletes during basal conditions. However, differences could be due to factors other than sex, including previous training history. There was a lack of change in plasma insulin or Akt, but, similar to resistance exercise, a significant decrease in post-exercise 4E-BP1 phosphorylation for the males, but not females. The sex differences in the 4E-BP1 phosphorylation response post-exercise could be due to differences in the metabolic disturbance in the muscle during and following maximal sprints. Keywords: blood lactate, heart rate, muscle
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Thrift, Tanya Marie. "Effects of long-term winter-spring grazing on foothill rangeland." Thesis, Montana State University, 2006. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2006/thrift/ThriftT0506.pdf.
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Bushnaq, Dawn Suleiman. "House at Yellow Sulfur Springs." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34929.
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Architecture is a structured relationship of physical elements in which use, experience and memory are integral to its sense of shelter. Beginning with the drawn and built conceptions of the House at Yellow Sulfur Springs, structural fragments of the project included cast concrete studies, a desired relationship between surface, physical structure and light, an indirect path of entry and pre-existing qualities of the site. These fragments coalesced as a house with varying degrees of enclosure, a structure defined by material distinctions and assembly details, and a sensual path between inside and outside.
Throughout the project, memory of the Japanese Tea Ceremony, thoughts about the nature of shelter and the ratifying logic of geometry served as additional guides.<br>Master of Architecture
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Yao, Bo. "N MULTILAYER THIN FILM REACTIONS TO FORM L10 FEPT AND EXCHANGE SPRING MAGNETS." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2008. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4024.
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FePt films with the L10 phase have potential applications for magnetic recording and permanent magnets due to its high magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy density. Heat treatment of n multilayer films is one approach to form the L10 FePt phase through a solid state reaction. This thesis has studied the diffusion and reaction of n multilayer films to form the L10 FePt phase and has used this understanding to construct exchange spring magnets. The process-structure-property relations of n multilayer films were systematically examined. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) study of the annealed multilayers indicates that the Pt layer grows at the expense of Fe during annealing, forming a disordered fcc FePt phase by the interdiffusion of Fe into Pt. This thickening of the fcc Pt layer can be attributed to the higher solubilities of Fe into fcc Pt, as compared to the converse. For the range of film thickness studied, a continuous L10 FePt product layer that then thickens with further annealing is not found. Instead, the initial L10 FePt grains are distributed mainly on the grain boundaries within the fcc FePt layer and at the Fe/Pt interfaces and further transformation of the sample to the ordered L10 FePt phase proceeds coupled with the growth of the initial L10 FePt grains. A comprehensive study of annealed n films is provided concerning the phase fraction, grain size, nucleation/grain density, interdiffusivity, long-range order parameter, and texture, as well as magnetic properties. A method based on hollow cone dark field TEM is introduced to measure the volume fraction, grain size, and density of ordered L10 FePt phase grains in the annealed films, and low-angle X-ray diffraction is used to measure the effective Fe-Pt interdiffusivity. The process-structure-properties relations of two groups of samples with varying substrate temperature and periodicity are reported. The results demonstrate that the processing parameters (substrate temperature, periodicity) have a strong influence on the structure (effective interdiffusivity, L10 phase volume fraction, grain size, and density) and magnetic properties. The correlation of these parameters suggests that the annealed n multilayer films have limited nuclei, and the subsequent growth of L10 phase is very important to the extent of ordered phase formed. A correlation between the grain size of fcc FePt phase, grain size of the L10 FePt phase, the L10 FePt phase fraction, and magnetic properties strongly suggests that the phase transformation of fccL10 is highly dependent on the grain size of the parent fcc FePt phase. A selective phase growth model is proposed to explain the phenomena observed. An investigation of the influence of total film thickness on the phase formation of the L10 FePt phase in n multilayer films and a comparison of this to that of FePt co-deposited alloy films is also conducted. A general trend of greater L10 phase formation in thicker films was observed in both types of films. It was further found that the thickness dependence of the structure and of the magnetic properties in n multilayer films is much stronger than that in FePt alloy films. This is related to the greater chemical energy contained in n films than FePt alloy films, which is helpful for the L10 FePt phase growth. However, the initial nucleation temperature of n multilayers and co-deposited alloy films was found to be similar. An investigation of L10 FePt-based exchange spring magnets is presented based on our understanding of the L10 formation in n multilayer films. It is known that exchange coupling is an interfacial magnetic interaction and it was experimentally shown that this interaction is limited to within several nanometers of the interface. A higher degree of order of the hard phase is shown to increase the length scale slightly. Two approaches can be used to construct the magnets. For samples with composition close to stoichiometric L10 FePt, the achievement of higher energy product is limited by the average saturation magnetization, and therefore, a lower annealing temperature is beneficial to increase the energy product, allowing a larger fraction of disordered phase. For samples with higher Fe concentration, the (BH)max is limited by the low coercivity of annealed sample, and a higher annealing temperature is beneficial to increase the energy product.<br>Ph.D.<br>Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering<br>Engineering and Computer Science<br>Materials Science & Engr PhD
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Psaros, Helena. "Short-term variations in ice dynamics during the spring and summer period on Storglaciären, Kebnekaise, Sweden." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten och landskapslära, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-194415.
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Two Differential GPS (DGPS) stations were set up on Storglaciären in the upper and lower part of the ablation area to study short term variations of Storglaciären’s motion. The study period lasted from April to July 2009 and the DGPS logged data every second. Station 14, was situated over an overdeepening in the subglacial bedrock topography in the upper part of the ablation area, and was functioning the whole study period. Station 7, situated in the lower part of the ablation area, only lasted for nine days and only overlapped five days with station 14. There was a clear lag in ice motion between the two stations which indicates longitudinal coupling between the upper and the lower part of the ablation area. Station 14 pushed from up-glacier during the first acceleration event at the 24th of April and when the velocity decreased station 7 pulled from down-glacier. The total movement of the DGPS station was 26 m during the study period. The velocity was well correlated to the external changes in temperature and precipitation. It appears to be eleven days lag in response time from April to middle of May, but after mid May the glacier responded directly to melt acts such as temperature changes and precipitation events. The delay most likely depended on the hydrological system was not entirely evolved during early spring. During the summer the system evolves which makes the glacier to respond directly to external changes. There were four major acceleration events during the study period and after the accelerations the velocity went back to the same low state as before. These cannot be interpreted as spring events as spring events should lead to an increase in the overall velocity. The temperature fluctuated during the whole study period which affects the melting rate and input and development of the hydrological system. To get a clear spring event a marked and substantial onset of melt season is needed.<br>Två differentiella bärvägs GPS (DGPS) stationer sattes upp på Storglaciären på den övre och lägre delen av ablations området för att studera korttidsvariationer i isflöde. Fältundersökningen pågick under april till juli 2009 och DGPS loggades varje sekund. Station 14 är placerad vid en överfördjupning i bottentopografin i den övre delen av ablationsområdet och var i gång under hela studien. Station 7 fungerade endast i nio dagar och är placerad vid den lägre delen av ablationsområdet samt överlappade under endast fem dagar med station 14. Det finns en tydlig fördröjning mellan de två stationerna i isrörelse vilket indikerar en longitudinell koppling mellan den övre och undre delen av ablationsområdet. Före den 24 april reagerade station 14 snabbare än station 7. Efter en kraftig acceleration vid station 14 den 24 april skedde det en förändring till att den nedre delen av ablationsområdet reagerade snabbare än den övre delen. Den totala förflyttningen av station 14 var 26 m under mätperioden. Hastigheten är korrelerad med externa förändringar i temperatur och nederbörd. Under april till mitten av maj var det en förändring i reaktionstid på elva dagar men den övergick under sommaren till att reagera direkt på förändringar i temperatur och nederbörd. Förskjutningen berodde troligtvis på att det hydrologiska systemet inte var tillräckligt utvecklat. Under sommaren utvecklas systemet vilket leder till att glaciären reagerar snabbare på externa förändringar. Det förekom fyra större accelerationshändelser under fältperioden. Efter de observerade accelerationerna gick hastigheten tillbaka till samma nivå. Dessa accelerationshändelser kan inte tolkas som våracceleration. En våracceleration innebär att den generella hastigheten hos glaciären ökar till en ny högre nivå. Detta kan bero på att temperaturen skiftade under hela fältperioden som styr smältning, isflöde och utveckling av det hydroligiska systemet. För att få en tydlig ”spring event” måste smältsäsongens nå en tydlig början och forstätta så kontinueligt.
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Dimapilis, Joshua Robert Reyes. "Tungsten is Essential for Long-Term Maintenance of Members of Candidate Archaeal Genus Aigarchaeota Group 4." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/927.
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Aigarchaeota, a deeply branching archaeal lineage with no cultivated representatives, is found in geothermal and hydrothermal systems worldwide and consists of at least 9 genus-level groups, each predicted to have diverse metabolic capabilities. This candidate archaeal phylum is part of the TACK superphylum, members of which possess eukaryotic-signature proteins, thus suggesting that they may represent evolutionary steps along the way to the genesis of the first eukaryotic cells. Cultivating members of Aigarchaeota would elucidate how eukaryotes arose in evolutionary history and provide biotechnological applications. Aigarchaeota Group 4 (AigG4), one genus in Aigarchaeota, was previously found to be abundant in corn stover in situ enrichments in Great Boiling Spring (GBS). AigG4 has been maintained in mixed laboratory cultures, where it composes ~ 0.5-1% of the community. However, these cultures could only be maintained when GBS water, which contains ~300 nM tungsten, was included in the medium. In addition, AigG4 metagenome bins from the in situ enrichments and laboratory cultures contained multiple genes encoding putative tungsten-containing aldehyde:ferredoxin oxidoreductases (TAORs). These observations led to the hypothesis that tungsten was the key component in GBS water that allowed for growth of AigG4. The requirement of tungsten for AigG4 long-term maintenance in mixed culture was tested using three different approaches: (1) Assessing the phylogeny of tungsten transporters and TAORs across the Aigarchaeota lineage, followed by confirmation of transcription of hypothesized AigG4 tungsten-associated genes in lab cultures, (2) Measuring tungsten levels in Great Boiling Spring (GBS) using ICP-OES (Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy), and (3) determining minimum amount of tungsten for long-term AigG4 maintenance in corn stover and in a defined mix of sugars (1% glucose, 1% xylose, 1% D-arabinose, 1% L-arabinose, 1% mannose). In addition, FISH (Fluorescent in situ hybridization) probes were designed to target the AigG4 lineage in the hopes that in conjunction with nanometer-scale secondary ion mass spectroscopy (Nano-SIMS), this would test whether tungsten has indirect or direct effects on AigG4 to track carbon substrate intake. Most Aigarchaeota lineages possess a tungsten transporter complex (TTC). AigG4 TTC groups most closely with the Tup family while other Aigarchaeota group with the Wtp family. Group 4 and Group 5 Aigarchaeota contained TAORs that grouped to other hypothesized TAORs but not to characterized counterparts suggesting diverse functional capabilities. Group 4 and Group 5 TAORs clustered together suggesting that these are conserved within these lineages. Gene expression of predicted AigG4 tungsten-associated enzymes was detected in culture. Tungsten was detected in GBS water as previously observed in 2005. In both corn stover and sugar mix, 1 nM tungsten was sufficient for long term AigG4 maintenance. In corn stover, AigG4 decreased to levels below detection after three 3-week transfer periods in 0 nM and 20 nM tungsten. In sugar mix, AigG4 abundance levels varied wildly in 0 nM tungsten after the fifth transfer period suggesting tungsten contamination. Two newly designed FISH probes exhibited lower fluorescence signal intensity than the previously designed FISH probe suggesting issues with either target site accessibility or conjugation of the fluorescent moiety to oligonucleotide probes.
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ALTMAN, NICOLE M. "AQUATIC BASED REHABILITATION: SHORT TERM OUTCOMES OF GRADE II LATERAL ANKLE SPRAINS: A CASE STUDY." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1141145670.
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Lenberg, Jesper, and Måns Wihl. "Börsnotering – träna sprint för ett maraton? : En eventstudie om Private equity-aktörers bestående värdeskapande – bevis från Skandinavien 2002-2013." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-138804.
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Bakgrund och problem: Private equity-aktörers värdeskapande är ett fenomen som studerats internationellt sedan 80-talet och intensifierats under det senaste årtiondet. Med en mängd forskning angående prestationen under ägandeskapet är utbudet mindre huruvida prestationen är bestående och hur portföljbolagen presterar efter att de avyttrats. Trots detta råder det ingen konsensus kring tidigare studiers resultat. Mot bakgrund av den motstridighet som föreligger i tidigare forskning och den uppmärksammade debatten om riskkapitalisters värdeskapande söker denna studie att studera och undersöka ämnet närmre för den skandinaviska marknaden. Syfte: Studiens syfte är att undersöka hur skandinaviska portföljbolag presterar efter avyttring genom börsintroduktion. Studien ämnar därmed att utreda, kartlägga och skapa bättre förståelse huruvida det föreligger någon skillnad i tidigare PE-ägda portföljbolags prestation gentemot branschkonkurrenter utifrån utvalda nyckeltal. Metod: Studien applicerar en kvantitativ forskningsmetod, vilket är i linje med tidigare forskning och referensstudier som även använder ett parametriskt och ett icke-parametriskt statistiskt test för att utröna om över- eller underprestation föreligger för tidigare PE-ägda portföljbolag. Därefter har studiens resultat analyserats med bakgrund av tidigare forskning och vedertagna teorier inom ämnet. Slutsats: Studiens resultat konstaterar att tidigare PE-ägda portföljbolag som börsnoterats inte överpresterar sina branschkonkurrenter, utan presterar sämre eller endast i linje med dem. Till skillnad från tidigare forskning kan ingen av- eller tilltagande effekt urskiljas, vilket innebär att ägarbytet vid börsnoteringen inte medför några bestående komparativa konkurrensför- eller nackdelar.<br>Background and problem: Private equity companies’ long-term performance is a phenomena that has been examined internationally since the 80’s, which has intensified over the last decade. With a lot of research focusing on performance during the ownership, the offer is less extensive whether the performance is long-term and how the divested portfolio companies perform after the private equity companies exit. Nevertheless, there is up today no consensus regarding the result of the previous studies. In the light of the contradiction of the previous research and the debate on risk capitalists’ value creation, this study seeks to investigate the phenomena closer on the Scandinavian market. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate how Scandinavian portfolio companies perform after divestment through an IPO. The study thus aims to investigate, plot and create a better understanding of whether there is any difference in past PE-owned portfolio companies’ performance relative industry competitors bases on selected key ratios. Methodology: The study applies a quantitative research method, which in line with previous research and reference studies, uses a statistical parametric and a non-parametric test to determine whether over- or underperformance exists for previous PE-owned portfolio companies. The result of the study have been analyzed in the light of previous research and conventional theories within the field of subject. Conclusions: This study’s findings show that previous private equity owned portfolio companies do not over perform their industry peers, but perform in line or inferior to them. Unlike previous research, no decreasing or increasing effect can be distinguished which means that the change of ownership through the IPO does not bring any long-term comparative competitive advantages or disadvantages.
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Altman, Nicole M. "Aquatic based rehabilitation short term outcomes of grade II lateral ankle sprains a case study /." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2006. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=ucin1141145670.
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Stetkiewicz, Stacia Serreze. "Interdisciplinary assessment of the potential for improving Integrated Pest Management practice in Scottish spring barley." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/28959.
Full textAbstract:
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) has long been promoted as a means of reducing reliance on pesticide inputs as compared to conventional farming systems. Reduced pesticide application could be beneficial due to the links between intensive pesticide use and negative impacts upon biodiversity and human health as well as the development of pesticide resistance. Work assessing the potential of IPM in cereal production is currently limited, however, and previous findings have generally covered the subject from the perspective of either field trial data or social science studies of farmer behaviour. This thesis attempts to help to address this knowledge gap by providing a more holistic assessment of IPM in Scottish spring barley production (selected because of its dominance in Scotland’s arable production systems), in relation to three of its most damaging fungal pathogens: Rhynchosporium commune, Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei, and Ramularia collo-cygni. Several IPM techniques of potential relevance to the sector were identified, and the prospects of three in particular – crop rotation, varietal disease resistance, and forecasting disease pressure – were assessed in several ways. Preliminary analysis of experimental field trial data collected from 2011 – 2014 across Scotland found that the majority of spring barley trials in this period (65%) did not show a statistically significant impact of fungicide treatment on yield, with the average yield increase due to fungicide application being 0.62 t/ha. This initial analysis was expanded upon using stepwise regressions of long-term (1996 – 2014) field trial data from the same dataset. Here, the difference between treated and untreated yields could be explained by disease resistance, average seasonal rainfall (whereby wetter seasons saw an increased impact of fungicide use on yield), and high combined disease severity. Stakeholder surveying provided information about current practice and attitudes towards the selected IPM techniques amongst a group of 43 Scottish spring barley farmers and 36 agronomists. Stakeholders were broadly open to taking up IPM measures on farm; sowing of disease resistant varieties was most frequently selected as the best technique in terms of both practicality and cost, though individual preference varied. However, a disparity was seen between farmer perception of their uptake of IPM and actual, self-reported uptake for both varietal disease resistance and rotation. Farmers and agronomists also overestimated the impact of fungicide use as compared with the field trials results – the majority of stakeholders believed fungicide treatment to increase yields by 1 - 2 t/ha, while the majority of 2011 – 2014 field trials had a yield difference of under 1 t/ha. The reasons behind these differences between perception and practice are not currently known. Finally, an annual survey of commercial crops, gathered from 552 farms across Scotland (from 2009 – 2015), highlighted two gaps where IPM practice could be improved upon. Firstly, relatively few of the varieties listed in the commercial crops database were highly resistant to the three diseases – 26.1% were highly resistant to Ramularia, 14.2% to Rhynchosporium, and 58.1% to mildew. Secondly, 71% of the farms included in the database had planted barley in at least two consecutive seasons, indicating that crop rotation practices could be improved. The overarching finding of this project is that there is scope for IPM uptake to be improved upon and fungicide use to be reduced while maintaining high levels of yield in Scottish spring barley production. Incorporating experimental field data, stakeholder surveying, and commercial practice data offered a unique view into the potential for IPM in this sector, and provided insights which could not have been gained through the lens of a single discipline.
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Corley, Margaret Elizabeth. "USE OF HIGH RESOLUTION MICROSCOPY (FESEM AND TEM) TO INVESTIGATE CARBONATE PRECIPITATES IN ASSOCIATION WITH ORGANIC MATTER FROM HOT SPRING, SALT POND, AND REEF." MSSTATE, 2009. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04242009-172003/.
Full textAbstract:
Carbonate precipitates in biofilm were investigated from hot springs near Viterbo, Italy; Salt Pond, San Salvador; and Fowl Cay Reef, Abaco, Bahamas. Features shared by hot springs and salt ponds are supersaturation with CaCO<SUB>3</SUB>, abundant Spirulina, and clustered acicular aragonite crystals termed fuzzy dumbbells. TEM and FESEM microscopy show fuzzy dumbbells contain a core of amorphous organic matter and subhedral CaCO<SUB>3</SUB> microcrystals arranged in linear fabrics. Micron- to millimeter-scale microenvironments are identified by localized dissolution, the occurrence of gothic calcite inter-grown with organic filaments, and the presence of calcite in biofilm where aragonite is chemically favored. Spherical CaCO<SUB>3</SUB> precipitates in reefs were anticipated, but not encountered in TEM sections of reef biofilm. In conclusion, biofilm creates the microenvironment and organic matter provides substrate for fuzzy dumbbell precipitation. TEM is a novel technique for studying the relationship between organic matter and CaCO<SUB>3</SUB> precipitation, and has potential medical, industrial, and academic applications.
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Schützová, Sandra. "Ověření vlivu hyperoxie na výkon v team sprintu modifikovaném pro SkiErg." Master's thesis, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-415454.
Full textAbstract:
Title: Verification of the effects of hyperoxia on the result in a test simulating performance in a team sprint on SkiErg skiing simulator. Objectives: The work aims to verify the effect of hyperoxia on the result in a test simulating performance in a team sprint on SkiErg skiing simulator. Methods: This is a qualitative research conducted by comparing hart rate, power in watts and lactate in ten probands. Values measured after inhalation of concentrated oxygen and placebo were compared. Results: There was no positive effect from meansurements of the heart rate, power in watts and lactate after concentration of inhaled oxygen and placebo on the SkiErg simulator. We concluded that the effect of inhalated concentrated oxygen Was in our test statistically insignificant. Keywords: Cross-country skiing, strengh, hyperoxia, heart rate, lactate
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Wu, Yi-Ting, and 吳依亭. "Effects of Plyometric Training on the Relevant Abilities of Sprint Start of Track Team Boys in Primary School." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/22282081798497964038.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立臺南大學<br>體育學系體育科教學碩士班<br>102<br>This research aims to discover the effects on the sprint start, speed and agility of primary school track team boys, looking forward to applied the result to the training in the future. There were ten track team boys in both experimental group and control group. (The average age of experimental group is 11.4±0.52 years and that of control group is 11.5±0.53 years. The average height of experiential group is 158.6±4.5 centimeters and that of control group is 157.8±2.94 centimeters. The average weight of experimental group is 40.4±2.41 kilograms and that of control group is 39.7±1.83 kilograms.) The experimental group was trained eight-week plyometric jumping training twice a week in addition to usual training, while the control group was trained as usual. All participants attended pre-test, post-test and postponed test which was conducted one month after the plyometric training. The testing items included crouching start, 30-meter sprint with crouching start, and four times 5-meter shuttle run. All the collected data would be shown via HLM 6.0 linear analysis, analyzing participants’ performance of three stages. In addition, the performance of two groups would be compared by t-test. The result showed that the 8-week plyometric training had significant influence on the sprint start. The performance of post-test had improved 7.5%, showing the great relation between the training and the scores, and the performance of postponed test remained (7.1%), showing the effectiveness of plyometric training. Secondly, the 8-week plyometric training had significant influence on the 30-meter sprint with crouching start. The performance of post-test had improved 2.9%, showing the great relation between the training and the scores, and the performance of postponed test remained (2.4%), showing the effectiveness of plyometric training. Finally, the 8-week plyometric training had significant influence on the four times 5-meter shuttle run. The performance of post-test had improved 5.7%, showing high effectiveness after the training, and the performance of postponed test remained (5.6%), showing the effectiveness of plyometric training.
The result showed the plyometric training could effectively improve the spring start, speed and the agility, and it’d be suitable to be applied to the training course for the track team boys in primary schools.
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Macedo, Helena Isabel Lopes. "Development of a continuous improvement process for agile software development teams." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/64070.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Industrial Engineering and Management<br>The fast growth of the technology market has triggered the highest levels of competitiveness and globalization in the current business environment. The present VUCA (Volatile, Uncertain, Complex and Ambiguous) world and the continuous pursuit for new products and services has increased customer's demands, requiring the companies to be more flexible than ever by delivering software with quality, in time and within budget while in search of excellence and success.
To reach this purpose, many software organizations have been adopting Agile Methodologies combined with Continuous Improvement projects, in order to achieve an improvement in customer satisfaction, providing products with higher quality, lower costs and in shorter time to the market.
The ENG-P department at Bosch Braga, had a track record of some practices of Scrum but it was recognized that most teams were inefficient in taking advantage of the improvement opportunities that arose during the Sprint Retrospective ceremonies and transform them into improvements for the team.
The objective of this dissertation project was to design a process for the inception of Continuous Improvement (CI) in one team of the ENG-P department, that could define the actions that needed to be taken after the Retrospective ceremony, in order to make the most out of the suggestions given by the team. By combining the Scrum cycle and the Lean philosophy, this CI process helped the team analyze problems or improvement opportunities and proceed to their prioritization, planning, implementation and evaluation, making the team more effective in problem-solving, more motivated and, consequently, more productive. The first step was to define which CI strategy would be implemented. Between analytical and benchmark approaches, the PDCA was the one selected to serve as foundation for the CI process due to its application to improve processes, products or services in any organization.
After the implementation and standardization of the CI process in the daily work of the team, the final results showed that this new method doubled the suggestions implementation rate when compared with the previous results obtained by only performing the Retrospective ceremony. In addition, the accumulation of small improvements throughout time were responsible for substantial changes in the team. The level of motivation, involvement, empowerment and teamwork increased, there was a better visual task and time management, the communication improved, and a mindset of continuous improvement was built within the team.<br>O rápido crescimento do mercado tecnológico despoletou os mais altos níveis de competitividade e globalização no atual ambiente de negócios. O presente mundo VUCA (volátil, incerto, complexo e ambíguo) e a procura contínua por novos produtos e serviços levou a um aumento das exigências dos clientes, obrigando as empresas a tornarem-se mais flexíveis e a fornecer software com qualidade, atempadamente e dentro do orçamento, enquanto procuram alcançar a excelência e o sucesso próprio.
Com foco neste objetivo, muitas empresas de desenvolvimento de software têm recentemente adotado metodologias ágeis em simbiose com projetos de melhoria contínua, com a finalidade de obterem uma maior satisfação do cliente, fornecendo produtos com maior qualidade e custos mais baixos.
O departamento ENG-P da Bosch Braga já possuía no seu histórico algumas práticas de Scrum, mas reconheceu-se que a maioria das equipas eram ineficientes no aproveitamento das oportunidades de melhoria que surgiam durante a cerimónia Retrospetiva e transformá-las em melhorias para a equipa.
O objetivo deste projeto de dissertação foi projetar um processo para a implementação de uma estratégia de Melhoria Contínua numa equipa do departamento ENG-P. Este definiu as ações a serem tomadas após a Retrospetiva, de forma a aproveitar ao máximo as sugestões dadas pela equipa. A combinação entre o ciclo Scrum e a filosofia Lean auxiliou a equipa na análise de problemas ou oportunidades de melhoria, na sua priorização, planeamento, implementação e avaliação. Estas ações permitiram que a equipa se tornasse mais motivada e eficaz na resolução de problemas e, consequentemente, mais produtiva. A primeira etapa consistiu na definição da estratégia de melhoria contínua a ser implementada. Entre abordagens de benchmark e analíticas, o ciclo PDCA foi a técnica selecionada como base ao processo devido à sua aplicabilidade na melhoraria de processos, produtos ou serviços.
Após a implementação e padronização do processo no trabalho diário da equipa, os resultados demostraram que a sua adoção duplicou a taxa de implementação de sugestões da equipa, quando comparado a resultados obtidos apenas com realização da Retrospetiva, aumentando a capacidade de resolução de problemas da equipa. Além disso, pequenas melhorias alcançadas ao longo do tempo trouxeram grandes mudanças para a equipa. O nível de motivação, envolvimento e teamwork aumentou, existiu uma melhor gestão visual das tarefas e do tempo, a comunicação melhorou e foi construída uma mentalidade de melhoria contínua dentro da equipa.
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Fu-yuan, Huang, and 黃復元. "The Long-term Investigation of Radionuclides Trace at Peitou Hot-Spring." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76845876745745127516.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>中原大學<br>化學系<br>87<br>This study was performed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass( ICP-MS), γ-Spectrometry, Liquid Scintillation Counting,(LSC) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Atom Emission Spectrometry ( ICP-AES) etc. To detect the activity of the Uranium(U), Thorium(Th), Radium(Ra) and the variety of chemical component containing at Peitou hot spring water for about two years. The co-precipitation method was using as pretreatment procedure for analyzing the nature radionuclides owning longer decay. In the experiment the γ-Spectrometry, LSC were used.
Because of ICP-MS has some advantages such as high sensitivity, low detection limited, little interference, it is easily, quickly and sensitively to investigate samples in nature by ICP-MS.
In our results, directly by ICP-MS the concentration of U was ranging from 4.68±0.02 ppb to 6.61±0.03 ppb. The Th was from 10.54±0.08 ppb (ng/ml) to 14.26±0.02 ppb. However, after separating by Ion-exchange we get concentration of U and Th were 4.37±0.018 ppb~5.76±0.027 ppb and 13.05±0.081 ppb~23.64±0.012 ppb, respectively. In additional, we uses γ-Spectrometry to detect activity of U, Th and Ra. It is showed the activities of U ranging from 14.5Bq/g to 20.5 Bq/g, Th ranging from 14.5Bq/g to 20.5 Bq/g and Ra ranging from 0.44Bq/g to 1.86 Bq/g. By using LSC, we get 32.4Bq/L~68.2 Bq/L for Ra.
Another then, some ions were analyzed including Na+, Mg+2, Fe+2, Al+3,Ba+2, Sr+2, K+, Ca+2, Pb+2, SO4-2 and Cl-. Their concentrations were presented as following: [Na+]:434±10 ~ 564±6ppm, [Mg+2]:57.5±0.8 ~ 69.2±1.9ppm, [Fe+2]:62.2±2.8 ~ 74.9±2.4ppm, [Al+3]:74.2±2.0 ~ 96.0±1.6ppm, [Ba+2]:0.05±0.001 ~ 0.17±0.005ppm, [Sr+2]:1.09±0.03 ~ 1.88±0.05ppm, [K+]:21.1±0.7 ~ 27.5±0.9ppm, [Ca+2]:116±4 ~ 143±3ppm, [Pb+2]:1.6±0.03 ~ 2.2±0.05ppm, [SO4-2]:2102±95 ~ 2424±82ppm, [Cl-]:2291±72 ~ 2692±83ppm.
In this experiment, we sampled per month since Aug. 1997 to Apr. 1999. In order to get some factors, which effect of radionuclides activity and compositions in Peitou hot spring water, it was performed for about two years. The results show that no variety was observed in Peitou hot spring water due to have not any earthquakes happen during study.
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Zákutný, Roman. "Použití Markovových rozhodovacích procesů pro modelování kolektivních her." Master's thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-297882.
Full textAbstract:
In this thesis, a model based on the continuous-time Markov process is built and implemented and later applied on an one chosen collective game. An extensive analysis of available data is carried out to build a regression model to estimate parameters of the game model. An usableness of the game model is shown by a simulation process. Pros and cons are evaluated in a comparison analysis against the application of the discrete-time Markov chains, how it was described in my bachelor thesis [Roman Zákutný (2007)]. In conclusion are discussed possible extensions for other collective games.
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Hsu, Jui-Liang, and 徐瑞良. "The Study of Water Resources Managementfor Hot Spring Area and Releasing of Tea Essential Oil from Microcapsules in Hot Spring Water." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07935261516795268479.
Full textAbstract:
博士<br>大葉大學<br>生物產業科技學系<br>103<br>1. A Study of Developing Strategy of Szuchungshi Obtains and Provides Hot Spring
Business
The purposes of this study were to establish key success factors and develop the strategy for Szuchungshi Obtains and Provides Hot Spring Business. Since there is a need to supply hot spring water for Szuchungshi hot spring area, a public system should be established for total water volume control and the recycle of the hot spring water to strengthen business performance and achieve the goal of sustainable operations. In this study, the in-depth interview, literature review, Delphi technique and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) were utilized to collect and analyzed qualitative and quantitative data. A total of 16 experts and 9 scholars were included in the panel group for in-depth interview and questionnaire survey. The selection of qualified experts in the panel was based on the criteria of professionals with over three years of experience in hot spring related business from government, industry and academics. The AHP results revealed key success factors of developing hot spring business in two levels, the first level had six factors and the second, 30 factors. In the The production factor (weighting factor = 0.3021, C.R. value = 0.0782) was the most important one among the first level factors. Important factors among the second level included: the government policy on ‘consulting the hot spring industry to assist the resources development’ (weighting factor = 0.2797), opportunity factor of ‘increasing awareness of health promotion by hot spring’ (weighting factor = 0.0937), production factor of ‘increasing of potential tourist numbers’ (weighting factor = 0.1501), requirement factor of ‘support of development (maintenance) of natural resources from the local government’ (weighting factor = 0.3307), industrial strategy and competitive situation on ‘improvement of hardware and software quality’(weighting factor = 0.4002) and related and supporting industry factor on ‘transportation resources’ (weighting factor = 0.3329). In summary, the results of this study suggested several new concepts of sustainable management and strategy for hot spring industry development to achieve the long term goal of sustainable operations of hot spring resources.
Keyword: Obtains and Provides Hot Spring Business, Key Success Factors,
Delphi Technique, Analytic Hierarchy Process
2. The Study of Releasing of Tea Tree Oil (Melaleuca alternifolia) from Alginate Microcapsules in Hot Spring Water
The purpose of this part of study is to understand the releasing conditions for a tea essential oil (Melaleuca alternifolia) from microcapsule of Algenate-Melaleuca complex in hot spring water and its antibacterial effect. Hopefully, it could help to achieve sustainable operations for the hot spring business through the application of this microcapsule for sterilization of recycled hot spring water. Materials and methods of this study included drugs selection, experimental design, compounds for microcapsule preparation and drug releasing experimental design. The instruments included Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, confocal microscope, viscosity meter, UV-visible optical spectrometer and a bacteria counter, etc. The results indicated an antibacterial effect of microcapsules to the contaminated (recycled) hot spring water after adding sodium algenate-Melaleuca microcapsules. All bacteria in the test including Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were eliminated by this treatment. Algenate-Melaleuca microcapsules (containing 720 ppm of Melaleuca oil) with the size of 450 μm were made by our microfluid devices in various conditions. When the concentration for crosslinking agent was fixed, the longer reaction time caused a longer releasing for Melaleuca (10 min > 5 min > 1 min). However, with a fixed reaction time for crosslinking, the higher concentration of the crosslinking agent (1 M > 0.5 M > 0.1 M) caused a longer releasing of Melaleuca. Meanwhile, with the fixed concentration of the agent and the reaction time, the more active of the metal ions (Ca++＞Al++＞Zn++) caused a longer releasing time. However, in sodium algenate-Melaleuca microcapsules, the releasing amount of Melaleuca was independent to the concentrations of crosslinking agents as well as the species of the agents. No matter what concentrations, reaction times and the species of the crosslinking agents, they all had a coating rate of 96%. In conclusion, there was an antibacterial effect in the microcapsules-treated recycled hot spring water. Considering of the biocompatibility and crosslinking time, the releasing time of Algenate-Melaleuca microcapsules should be controlled at 3.3 hours with the optimized condition of 1 M CaCl2 with crosslinking time of l minute.
Key words: Alginate-tea tree oil microcapsule, tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia)
essential oil, Antibacterial effect
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Liu, Fei-Wen, and 劉斐文. "Effect of Short-term Hot-Spring Water immersion onAutonomic Neural Activity and Personal ArcheryPerformance." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15073502287384725628.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>臺北市立體育學院<br>運動科學研究所<br>100<br>Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of
short-term hot-spring water immersion on autonomic neural activity,
stress hormone level and personal archery performance. Methods: Ten
senior high school male archers were divided into two trials (control, C
and hot-spring immersion, HS) in a cross-over design. All subjects were
collected the saliva sample and measured heart rate variability (HRV)
and personal archery performance at baseline and hot-spring water
immersion intervention. Subjects from HS trial immersed in hot-spring
water (40~42℃) for 30 minutes (15 min + 5 min break + 15 min) for 4
times. Measurement in HRV could reflect the changes of autonomic
neural activity. Saliva sample were used to measure the stress hormone
level including cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S).
Results: The personal archery performance in hot-spring water
immersion trial was significantly lower than control trial. There was no
significant changes in sympathetic, parasympathetic nerve activity and
cortisol level before and after archery performance in both trails.
However, the DHEA-S level in hot-spring trial was significantly lower
than control trial. Conclusions: Short-term hot-spring water immersion
decrease the personal archery performance, this negative result might not
be modulated by autonomic neural activity, it could be related to the
decline in DHEA-S.
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YANG, PO-CHING, and 楊博清. "Recognition of Health Promotion for the Long-term Hot Spring Bather in Public Bathhouse." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3xjh46.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>嘉南藥理大學<br>觀光事業管理系<br>107<br>When people attach increasing importance to diet and are inclined to release great pressure, it has shown that they have a great longing for healthy life. When they choose to go away from the cities to enjoy the peace and quiet leisure life, it has implied their thirst for “health promotion”. Aimed at the hot spring public bathhouse preserved from the Period of Japanese Occupation until now, this research hoped to interview the managers and hot spring bathers of public bathhouse by means of field investigation and the opinions on the use of hot spring public bathhouse and the cognition of health promotion of hot spring bath were collected to carry out the research, so as to further discuss the cultural deposits and value still existing in hot spring public bathhouse.
The hot spring public bathhouse in Taiwan was originally set up for the purpose of improving Taiwanese life habits and caring for people’s health. During the observation in various places, it was found that the number of users of hot spring public bathhouse is far beyond the imagination. The bathhouse provides the public with the functions of bathing, rest and health care and meanwhile some of them play an indispensable social role in the local resident’s life. During the on-the-spot interview in the hot spring public bathhouse of Sihchong River, the significant changes in interviewees can be observed before and after the hot spring bathing. The interviewees believed that long-term hot spring bath can not only relax themselves mentally but also help themselves a lot. The interviewees thought that we must try our best to preserve the public bathhouse properly. Nowadays, compared with the past, the governmental units attach greater importance to the utilization of hot spring resources, but they emphasize the management and utilization of the hot spring resources. On the other hand, the promotion and marketing in resting value of the hot spring is insufficient to preserve the whole hot spring culture in a systematic way, which also needs to be strengthened by the government in the future.
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"The Effects of Short-term High Intensity Sprint Training on Performance and Endurance-Related Variable in Well-trained Cyclists." Texas Christian University, 2010. http://etd.tcu.edu/etdfiles/available/etd-05072010-082520/.
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Garrett, A. T., E. Dodd, V. Biddlecombe, et al. "Effectiveness of short term heat acclimation on intermittent sprint performance with moderately trained females controlling for menstrual cycle phase." 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17795.
Full textAbstract:
Yes<br>Introduction: Investigate the effectiveness of short-term heat acclimation (STHA), over
5-days (permissive dehydration), on an intermittent sprint exercise protocol (HST) with
females. Controlling for menstrual cycle phase.
Materials and Methods: Ten, moderately trained, females (Mean [SD]; age 22.6 [2.7]
y; stature 165.3 [6.2] cm; body mass 61.5 [8.7] kg; VO˙
2 peak 43.9 [8.6] mL·kg−1
·min−1
)
participated. The HST (31.0◦C; 50%RH) was 9 × 5 min (45-min) of intermittent exercise,
based on exercise intensities of female soccer players, using a motorized treadmill and
Wattbike. Participants completed HST1 vs. HST2 as a control (C) trial. Followed by
90 min, STHA (no fluid intake), for five consecutive days in 39.5◦C; 60%RH, using
controlled-hyperthermia (∼rectal temperature [Tre] 38.5◦C). The HST3 occurred within
1 week after STHA. The HST2 vs HST3 trials were in the luteal phase, using self-reported
menstrual questionnaire and plasma 17β-estradiol.
Results: Pre (HST2) vs post (HST3) STHA there was a reduction at 45-min in Tre by
0.20◦C (95%CI −0.30 to −0.10◦C; d = 0.77); Tsk (−0.50; −0.90 to −0.10◦C; d = 0.80);
and Tb (−0.25; −0.35 to −0.15◦C; d = 0.92). Cardiac frequency reduced at 45-min
(−8; −16 to −1 b·min−1
; d = 1.11) and %PV increased (7.0; −0.4 to 14.5%: d = 1.27).
Mean power output increased across all nine maximal sprints by 56W (−26 to 139W;
d = 0.69; n = 9). There was limited difference (P > 0.05) for these measures in HST1
vs HST2 C trial.
Discussion: Short-term heat acclimation (5-days) using controlled-hyperthermia, leads
to physiological adaptation during intermittent exercise in the heat, in moderately trained
females when controlling for menstrual cycle phase.
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LIU, I.-CHI, and 劉宜津. "Use Dongpu Hot Springs with Green Tea As a Study of Drinking Commentary." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/gy24aw.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>嘉南藥理大學<br>觀光事業管理系<br>104<br>With economic development, people attach more and more importance to the quality of life , especially health . Hot springs has become an indispensable part of people’s pursuit of health. The use of hot springs, originally marketed at the tourist industry, is mainly seen as a form of entertainment in Taiwan. But in foreign countries, considerable research has been done to prove the effectiveness of hot springs on our health.
The purpose of this study was to compare the hot spring water at Dongpu, tap water and reverse osmosis water, mixed with tea, the content of tea polyphenols and do a sensory evaluation. The study also aimed at evaluating the turbidity of the content of the Dongpu hot springs and to check if it is in accordance with the standard used by Environmental Protection Administration. The sensory evaluation was divided into sub categories: clarity, color, aroma, bitterness and overall acceptance.
The results of this study showed that reverse osmosis water with tea, polyphenol content of at most, secondly was tap water, Dongpu hot springs was the least .According to the sensory evaluation method that was applied,the results of the study showed that the hot spring water of Dongpu received the highest acceptance level, followed by tap water and osmosis water, respectively.
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Tsai, Ming-yu, and 蔡茗宇. "Short-term dynamic variations of water-soluble inorganic ions at Mountain in spring Lulin and Longtan in summer in 2013." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38634314261121288034.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立中央大學<br>環境工程研究所<br>102<br>This work monitored water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs) of atmospheric PM2.5 using Particle-Into-Liquid-Sampler coupled with an Ion Chromatograph (PILS-IC) at the Lulin Atmospheric Background Station (LABS, 2,862 m a.s.l.) in spring and Longtan air quality monitoring station (Longtan) in summer in 2013. Meanwhile, PM2.5 mass concentration, PM2.5 scattering and absorption coefficients, aerosol size spectra, aerosol total number concentration, and dynamic variations of gaseous pollutants were also measured at LABS.
CO and NOx were observed to increase with time during the period of three fog events at LABS. It suggests that ground gas pollutants were transported by the uplift flow to form fog at LABS. The PM2.5 mass concentration, PM2.5 scattering and absorption coefficients, aerosol size spectra, and aerosol total number concentration were also increased in the fog events accordingly. The levels of NH4+, SO42-, and NO3- of water-soluble inorganic ions were enhanced and NH4+ was observed from the conversion of NH3. Moderately high linear correlation between SO42- and NH4+ (R2>0.64) indicates that the compound form of these two ions might be ammonium sulfate or ammonium bisulfate. From the calculations of ExNO3- and ExNH4+, three nitrate formation mechanisms (Mwaniki, et al., 2014; Schlager, et al., 1990) can be inferred to be condensed HNO3(g) onto aerosol surface, N2O5 hydrolysis, or the formation of ammonium nitrate particles in different times.
CO, NOx, O3, PM2.5 mass concentration, PM2.5 scattering and absorption coefficients, and aerosol total number concentration were all increased during the biomass burning events (BB) observed at LABS. The concentration between SO42- and NH4+ was consistently varied for most of the time and K+ concentration was significantly enriched. For four of the six fog events during the five BB time periods, they were influenced by the transported BB air flow judged by the enhanced K+ concentration. The sulfur oxidation ratio (SOR) could be as high as 0.9 to indicate that SO42- was the major species of sulfur. Interestingly, SO2 concentration was quite stable during BB observation, which implies that SO2 is produced from a variety of sources through uniformly mixing in the atmosphere rather than produced drastically from BB.
Longtan is located nearly on the ground; the concentrations of NH4+, SO42-, and NO3- were increased when photochemical events occurred. This will lift the fraction of PM2.5 over PM10 to above 50%, which indicates the production of fine particles. In addition, high concentration of nitrates is caused not only by photochemical reactions at the noon time but also possible distant transport and shallow mixing layer in the evening. Since NH4+ correlated more than moderately well with NO3-, the ammonium nitrate was inferred to be the main nitrate compound form in photochemical and high nitrate events at Longtan. Owing to less BB activity in summer, the computed values of Knss+/NO3- and Knss+/SO42- at Longtan were significantly lower than LABS. Similarly, values of SOR and nitrogen oxidation ratio at Longtan were also lower than LABS due to shorter transport distance of pollutants.
Simulated aerosol water content (AWC) from Aerosol Inorganic Model II (Clegg et al., 1998a, b) was varied consistently with the measured aerosol hygroscopic parameter (κ) from Humidified Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (H-SMPS) in the fog events at LABS. The values of κ might be reduced by the great amount of less hygroscopic carbonaceous aerosol in the BB air flow; however, the growth of hygroscopic aerosol to exceed the upper limit of H-SMPS might also make the collected remaining aerosol less hygroscopic as to lower the values of κ in the fog events. All things considered, the values of κ in the BB air flow are smaller than that of fog events. In contrast, the simulated AWC from the BB air flow is greater than that of the fog events because of the higher levels of SO42- and NO3-. The values of κ and AWC are both greater in high nitrate events than that of photochemical events at Longtan caused by the higher total level of SO42- and NO3-. This demonstrats the dominant effect of SO42- and NO3- in the determination ofκ and AWC.
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Chen, Yu-Lien, and 陳玉蓮. "Mapping the Growing-Degree-Day of the Optimal Harvest Timing of Spring Pouchong Tea in Taiwan under Climate Change." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/u8w242.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>氣候變遷與永續發展國際學位學程<br>107<br>Climate change is adversely affecting the resilience of the tea industry, which is why the establishment of Optimal Tea HArvest Isochrone Maps (OTHAIMs) is needed. In this study, we categorize tea growth into three dimensions: yield, quality, and timing. And we provide insights into the trend of tea harvest in Taiwan in the future when the scenario of business-as-usual is to be expected. The profound and well-cited Growing Degree-Day (GDD) model is utilized in this study to evaluate the visualization of the timing of tea in Taiwan. Using data from the Tea Research and Extension Station (TRES) and the Taiwan Climate Change Projection and Information Platform (TCCIP), the outcomes of OTHAIMs are acquired with pruning date geneses in analogy with Sakura Zensen, cherry blossom blooming frontline maps, from Japan. Results indicate that the warming of climate change thus results in the shortened durations of tea harvest. In conclusion, this study provides a visualization approach for the government and the academia for further investigation of tea harvest and management, while extensive records of tea data and optimization of GDD model afterward may help this approach be put into application.
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Tsai, Ming-chun, and 蔡明君. "Risk assessment for the application of short-term climate outlooks on spring land fallow decisions: A case study of the Taoyuan Area." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93004431052419755947.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立中央大學<br>土木工程學系<br>103<br>During drought periods, the shortage of water resource causes economic losses as well as the domestic water useage. The impact of droughts can be reduced by applying short-term climate forecasts. The spring land fallow is an important strategy to reduce the impacts of water shortage on both industrial and domestic water usages. Therefore, the timing of the fallow decision becomes an important issue of the water management during droughts. In this study, the weather data is derived from meteorological synthesis mode and the data of the seasonal climate forecast form Central Weather Bureau. Then, input the weather data into the hydrological models to simulate the inflow of the Shihmen Reservoir watershed. Use system dynamics simulation model to simulate the water of supply and demand and the water level of reservoir. Combine the level of reservoir with historical exceedance probability inflow to calculate the shortage rate of probability agricultural water. The forecast uncertainty is estimated by using Bayesian theorem with accuracy of weather forecast. We investiage the effect of seasonal forcast data on the fallow decision based on three scenarios: no forecast, 100% accurate forecast and forecast with uncertainty. The result displays that the risk of decision failure in three scenarios tends to decrease with the delay of decision. The benefit of accurate forecast on the decision of fallow is significant. It can reduce the risk of the decision failure. However, the decrease of the risk of decision failure under forecast with uncertainty is insignificant because of the high uncertainty of itself.
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Shen, Meng-yen, and 沈孟妍. "Investigating the Application of Short-Term Climate Outlooks on Land Fallow Decisions against Spring Drought - A Case Study of the Dahan River Water Supply System." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85122655282891945394.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立中央大學<br>水文與海洋科學研究所<br>100<br>Because of significant seasonal rainfall variations and small reservoir capacity in Taiwan, agricultural water was often allocated to support the shortage of water resources for domestic and industrial water usages. As a result, compensation was applied to farm land owners and caused great loss of agricultural productions. Therefore, how to effectively manage water resources during spring drought becomes an important issue in Taiwan.
Drought is not easy to detect with sufficient lead time for developing proper measures and may sustain long period before next sufficient rainfalls. Only early drought warning can be accurately issued with enough lead time, limited water resources can be reasonably allocated to support different water sectors. In this study, the historical drought events of years 2002 and 2003 were investigated with the seasonal clime outlooks, issued by the Central Weather Bureau, incorporated with the approach by combining a weather generator, a watershed hydrological model, a reservoir routing for the Shihmen Reservoir, a system dynamic model for the Dahan River water supply system. Simulation results demonstrates that seasonal climate forecast has certain credibility to provide decision-makers for applying appropriate water resource adaptation measures against spring drought.
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Noska, Katrin. "The immediate and short-term effect of spinal manipulative therapy on the lower leg musculature in lateral ankle sprain measured by surface electromyography during maximum voluntary contraction." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/2838.
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Möllmann, Christian [Verfasser]. "The influence of hydrography and predation by herring (Clupea harengus) and sprat (Sprattus sprattus) on mesozooplankton long-term dynamics in the Central Baltic Sea / vorgelegt von Christian Möllmann." 2001. http://d-nb.info/972088571/34.
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