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Journal articles on the topic 'Tear Film Break-Up Time'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Wei, Xiaojia E., Maria Markoulli, Zhenjun Zhao, and Mark DP Willcox. "Tear film break-up time in rabbits." Clinical and Experimental Optometry 96, no. 1 (2012): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1444-0938.2012.00801.x.

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Ahsan, Maria, Misbah Sattar, Asifa Saba, Asima saba, Sara sonum, and Asma batool. "Evaluation of tear film instability pre and post corneal collagen cross-linking procedure in keratoconus patients." Advances in Ophthalmology & Visual System 11, no. 1 (2021): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/aovs.2021.11.00403.

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Purpose: To evaluate tear film instability in keratoconus patients pre and post CXL procedure. Study design: Prospective cross-sectional study. Place and duration of study: Study was conducted at Al Ehsan Welfare eye hospital Lahore from 15th September, 2020 to 15th June, 2021. Materials and methods: Tear break-up time (TBUT) test was used for determining the stability of the tear film out of 30 patients diagnosed with mild, moderate and severe keratoconus and tear film stability was assessed before and after CXL procedure by measuring tear break up time. Data was collected by using non-probab

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Su, Tai Yuan, Wei Ting Ho, Shu Wen Chang, and Huihua Kenny Chiang. "Thermographic evaluation of tear film break-up time to study tear film stability." International Journal of Thermal Sciences 99 (January 2016): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2015.07.032.

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Lee, Jooheon, Minwon Ahn, Jaewon Choi, and Minji Park. "Effect of Loose Masks on Tear-film Break-up Time." Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society 64, no. 5 (2023): 367–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2023.64.5.367.

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Purpose: We investigated the the effect of wearing a loose mask on tear-film break-up time using cross-sectional and experimental methods.Methods: This was a comparative analysis of non-invasive tear-film break-up time (NIBUT) after wearing no mask, loose mask, and tight mask for 10 minutes each in 60 eyes with or without dry eye syndrome. NIBUT measurements were performed using a keratograph.Results: The NIBUT values were 7.53 ± 0.83 seconds, 6.19 ± 0.78 seconds, and 7.36 ± 0.68 seconds for the no mask, loose mask, and tight mask groups, respectively. There was no significant difference betwe

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NEPP, J. "Non invasive tear film break-up time and blinking." Acta Ophthalmologica 90 (August 6, 2012): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-3768.2012.2472.x.

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Chen, Shuan, and I.-Jong Wang. "Effect of Tear Film Stability on Fluctuation of Vision After Photorefractive Keratectomy." Journal of Refractive Surgery 15, no. 6 (1999): 668–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/1081-597x-19991101-11.

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PURPOSE: To evaluate the difference in tear film break-up between normal eyes and eyes after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and its impact on quality of vision in PRK eyes. METHODS: Seventy-seven normal eyes and 76 eyes with no ocular pathology except refractive error that had PRK were enrolled. Tear film breakup time was determined under slit-lamp microscopy with fluorescent staining. Two videokeratographs (TMS-I) were taken before and immediately after tear film break-up. Surface asymmetry index, surface regularity index, and subtractive maps were analyzed to evaluate corneal topographic

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Aswad. Al-Hemidawi, Haider. "Estimation of tear film break up time in normal peoples of Diwaniya,Iraq." AL-QADISIYAH MEDICAL JOURNAL 12, no. 21 (2017): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.28922/qmj.2016.12.21.46-50.

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Objective: to estimate tear film break- up time , a test of tear film stability in normal Iraqi population. Material and method: 286 normal subjects ( 146 male and 140 female ) age from 12 to 78 years were participated in this study, tear break -up time is estimated using impregnated fluorescein strip wetted with normal saline and the measurement is done in one room with stable temperature and door closed , three readings for each subject and the mean is taken . Results: The Objective: to estimate tear film break- up time , a test of tear film stability in normal Iraqi popula

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Serés, Carme, Lluïsa Quevedo, Genís Cardona, Estel·la Blanch, and Montserrat Augé. "Tear break-up time for tear film evaluation: Are moistening solutions interchangeable?" Contact Lens and Anterior Eye 38, no. 4 (2015): 272–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clae.2015.03.003.

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Fineide, Fredrik A., Behzod Tashbayev, Katja B. P. Elgstøen, et al. "Tear and Saliva Metabolomics in Evaporative Dry Eye Disease in Females." Metabolites 13, no. 11 (2023): 1125. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo13111125.

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Accurate diagnosis of dry eye disease (DED) is challenging, and even today there is no gold standard biomarker of DED. Hypothesis-free global metabolomic studies of tears from DED patients have great potential to discover metabolites and pathways affected in the pathophysiology of DED, and to identify possible future biomarkers. These metabolites and biomarkers could be important for diagnosing and monitoring disease as well as for new therapeutic targets and strategies. As DED is associated with dry mouth, this study aimed to perform metabolomic analyses of tears and saliva from patients with

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Al-Abdulmunem, Mosa'ad A. "Tear film break-up time in normal Saudi Arabian subjects." International Contact Lens Clinic 24, no. 4 (1997): 145–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0892-8967(97)00058-8.

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11

Lawrence, Premsudhakar. "Signs and Symptoms of Dry Eye Among Silicone Hydrogel Soft Contact Lens Wearers." Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications 15, no. 2 (2022): 288–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21786/bbrc/15.2.4.

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Silicone Hydrogel Contact Lenses (SiH CL) provides better comfort when compared with hydrogel contact lenses. But the signs that show up in wearers with reduced comfort are unclear. Thus, we aimed to study the association between symptoms and clinical signs of dry eye in SiH CL wearers. Forty-eight SiH CL wearers (mean age: 28.8 ± 5.0 years) underwent ocular assessments with and without contact lens, and completed Contact Lens Dry Eye questionnaire-8 (CLDEQ-8). Contact-lens related dryness was reported by 52.1% (n=25) subjects. A significant (p<0.01) Spearman’s correlation was found between

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NICHOLS, JASON J., KELLY K. NICHOLS, BRIAN PUENT, MARIO SARACINO, and G. LYNN MITCHELL. "Evaluation of Tear Film Interference Patterns and Measures of Tear Break-Up Time." Optometry and Vision Science 79, no. 6 (2002): 363–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006324-200206000-00009.

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Chandni, Karole, Balke Manoj, and Dadu Anjali. "Correlation between Pterygium and Dry Eye: A Clinical Study." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 15, no. 7 (2023): 429–31. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11641952.

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<strong>Purpose:</strong> Correlation between pterygium and dry eye: A clinical study. <strong>Materials & Methods:</strong> 200 patients with unilateral pterygium who attended ophthalmology outpatient department at Nandkumar Singh Chauhan Government Medical College, East Nimar (Madhya Pradesh) during a period of 3 months were included in the study. All selected patient underwent anterior segment & slit lamp examination for tear film break up time, marginal tear meniscus height, Schirmer’s test-1 and 2. Test results were compared in pterygium eye (case) and contral

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Jones, Sophie M., and Ken K. Nischal. "The non-invasive tear film break-up time in normal children." British Journal of Ophthalmology 97, no. 9 (2013): 1129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2013-303236.

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15

Alshaalan, Saud Mohammad, and Areej Ahmad Alsahali. "Effect of atmosphere on the tear film layer." International journal of health sciences 8, S1 (2024): 1114–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v8ns1.15117.

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Aim: to demonstrate the effect of the atmosphere (heat and humidity) on the eye by comparing the outdoor and indoor workers. Method: 120 eyes of 60 subjects volunteers from the Saudi electrical company (SECO), their age range was 24 to 40 years. The Schirmer strips test and break up time test were used to evaluates tear film quantity and quality. Result: The results demonstrate that there is a statistical significant difference in tear film quantity and quality between the outdoor and indoor subjects using the Schirmer test and break up time test. Conclusion: This study show the effect of atmo

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Serés, Carme, Lluïsa Quevedo, Genís Cardona, and Estel la Blanch. "Tear break-up time for tear film evaluation: The relevance of the wetting solution." Contact Lens and Anterior Eye 38 (February 2015): e32-e33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clae.2014.11.049.

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Rajpoot, Mukesh, Divya Singh, Kankambari Pandey, and Rahul Bhargava. "Safety and efficacy of cyclosporine (0.05% versus 0.09%) in dry eye disease. Is it the strength of cyclosporin that really matters?" Nepalese Journal of Ophthalmology 14, no. 2 (2022): 64–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nepjoph.v14i2.38928.

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Introduction: This is a multicenter, randomized, interventional, double masked study aimed to compare safety and efficacy of cyclosporine (0.05% versus 0.09%) in dry eye disease. Materials and methods: Random allocation of patients (n=450) was done in two groups by parallel assignment (1:1). Group1(n=225) received CAs 0.05% drops twice daily, and group 2 (n=225) received CAs 0.09% drops twice daily for 3 months. Primary outcomes were changes from baseline in Lissamine green staining score, Nelson grade on conjunctival impression cytology and tear film osmolarity. Secondary outcomes were change

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Vulovic, Tatjana Sarenac, Sladjana Pavlovic, Katarina Janicijevic, et al. "Tear Film Stability in Patients with Pseudexfoliation." Serbian Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research 19, no. 3 (2018): 243–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sjecr-2017-0002.

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Abstract Pseudoexfoliation syndrome is an age related disorder, characterized by abnormal fibrous fiber production and accumulation in different visceral organs as well as in the eye and periocular tissues. Hystological examination recorded the presence of the pseudoexfoliation in the conjunctiva, and they can disturb the accessory lacrimal gland and goblet cell function. This can explain tear film instability in patients with pseudoexfoliations. In our study, we examined the tear film stability in patients with and without pseudoexfoliation, using Schirmer test and tear break up time test. Ou

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Han, Sang Beom, Yu-Chi Liu, Karim Mohamed-Noriega, Louis Tong, and Jodhbir S. Mehta. "Objective Imaging Diagnostics for Dry Eye Disease." Journal of Ophthalmology 2020 (July 22, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3509064.

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Traditional diagnostic tests for dry eye disease (DED), such as fluorescein tear film break-up time and the Schirmer test, are often associated with poor reproducibility and reliability, which make the diagnosis, follow-up, and management of the disease challenging. Advances in ocular imaging technology enables objective and reproducible measurement of changes in the ocular surface, tear film, and optical quality associated with DED. In this review, the authors will discuss the application of various imaging techniques, such as, noninvasive tear break-up time, anterior segment optical coherenc

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Mihashi, Toshifumi, Yoko Hirohara, Shizuka Koh, Sayuri Ninomiya, Naoyuki Maeda, and Takashi Fujikado. "Tear Film Break-up Time Evaluated by Real-Time Hartmann-Shack Wavefront Sensing." Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology 50, no. 2 (2006): 85–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10384-005-0289-6.

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21

Alanazi, Mana A., Gamal A. El-Hiti, Rashid Al-Tamimi, et al. "Assessment of the Effect of Wearing a Surgical Face Mask on Tear Film in Normal Eye Subjects." Journal of Ophthalmology 2022 (August 16, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2484997.

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Purpose. To assess the effect of wearing a face mask for a short time on the tear film parameters in normal eye subjects. Methods. Fifty-four normal eye subjects (14 female and 40 male) aged 18–40 years (23.8 ± 4.4 years) were recruited. A standardized patient evaluation of eye dryness was completed first, followed by noninvasive tear break-up time, phenol red thread, and tear ferning tests. A 5-minute gap was allowed between the tests. The subjects were asked to wear a surgical mask for one hour. The measurements were taken both before wearing a face mask and immediately after its removal. Re

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22

Acet, Yakup, Baris Çil, Mehmet Kabak, and Esra Vural. "Instability of Tear Film after Novel Coronavirus Disease: A Noninvasive and No Contact Method by a Scheimpflug-Placido Disc Topographer." Klinische Monatsblätter für Augenheilkunde 239, no. 03 (2021): 338–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1585-2239.

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Abstract Purpose To compare the topographical tear film break-up time (T-BUT) between individuals recovering from COVID-19 and control subjects using a noninvasive and noncontact technique with a Scheimpflug-Placido disc topographer. Methods One-hundred and twenty-two eyes from 61 post-COVID-19 patients and 124 eyes from 62 control subjects were included in this prospective study. All participants underwent detailed ophthalmological examination including best-corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure measurements, slit lamp examination, and fundoscopy as well as qualitative and quantitativ

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Acet, Yakup. "Topographic tear film trend and new parameters for non-invasive break up time test." International Journal of Ophthalmology 15, no. 12 (2022): 1932–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18240/ijo.2022.12.06.

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AIM: To evaluate the quantitative and qualitative results of the noninvasive tear film break-up time (NI-BUT) test and investigate the predictive ability of the new NI-BUT parameter in discriminating between normal Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI; scores ≤12) and abnormal OSDI (scores ≥13). METHODS: A total of 341 eyes of 341 volunteers who applied for routine eye outpatient control were included in the prospective study. All participants’ noninvasive first tear film break-up time (NIF-BUT), noninvasive average tear film break-up time (NIAvg-BUT) and average value of the first three break-u

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Doughty, Michael J. "Tear Film Stability and Tear Break Up Time (TBUT) in Laboratory Rabbits—A Systematic Review." Current Eye Research 43, no. 8 (2018): 961–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02713683.2018.1457164.

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Moudgil, S. S., M. Singh, I. P. S. Parmar, and A. K. Khurana. "Study of tear film flow and break up time (BUT) in trachoma." Acta Ophthalmologica 64, no. 3 (2009): 295–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-3768.1986.tb06922.x.

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Yoon, Do Yeh, Jeon Hee Eun, and Joon Young Hyon. "Correlation between tear film lipid layer thickness and transepidermal water loss from the ocular area in patients with dry eye disease and in healthy controls." PLOS ONE 17, no. 7 (2022): e0270810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270810.

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Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between tear film lipid layer thickness and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) from the ocular area in patients with short tear break-up time (TBUT)-type dry eye and healthy controls. Methods This prospective study included 25 eyes of patients with short TBUT-type dry eye disease and 25 eyes of healthy controls. Results Tear film lipid layer thickness was measured using an interferometer, and TEWL from the ocular area was measured using a Tewameter TM300 with custom-made goggles. The correlation between tear film lipid layer thickness and TEWL

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DJABAROUTI, M., W. ZAKARI, Y. NOCHEZ, PJ PISELLA, and JJ GICQUEL. "Tear film break-up time evaluation by real-time wavefront aberrometry in normal subjects." Acta Ophthalmologica 90 (August 6, 2012): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-3768.2012.4645.x.

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Sameen, Murtaza, Muhammad Shahid, Muhammad Adnan, Abdul Rauf, Jawwad Ahmad, and Khalid Naimat. "Role of Intense Pulse Light Therapy on Dry Eyes in Pakistani Population." Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 74, no. 6 (2024): 1478–80. https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v74i6.9958.

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Objective: To observe the role of Intense Pulse Light therapy on dry eyes in Pakistani population. Study Design: Analytical cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Ophthalmology, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Feb to Dec 2022. Methodology: A total of 88 patients with meibomian gland related dry eyes were included in this study, with age ranging between 25-65 years. Intense pulsed light therapy was used to treat Meibomian Gland Dysfunction related dry eyes. Tear film break up time before and after the sessions was recorded on a data collection tool and data anal

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Xi, Lei, Jiayin Qin, and Yongzhen Bao. "Assessment of tear film optical quality in a young short tear break-up time dry eye." Medicine 98, no. 40 (2019): e17255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000017255.

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Amatya, Amit, Ranjana Sharma, Dharmendra Kumar Karn, and Raju Kaiti. "Association of dry eye syndrome with oral Isotretinoin therapy for severe nodulocystic acne and recalcitrant acne vulgaris." Journal of Patan Academy of Health Sciences 2, no. 1 (2015): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpahs.v2i1.20334.

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Introduction: Oral isotretinoin was registered in Nepal almost three decades later its first introduction in USA. It remains the most clinically effective medication for acne. Dry eye syndrome is a ‘certain’ adverse effect of oral isotretinoin therapy which can be validated by tear film break up time and Schirmer I tests.Methods: Fifty patients aged above 12 years presenting to dermatology outpatient department of Dhulikhel Hospital with severe nodulocystic acne or recalcitrant acne vulgaris not responding to three months of systemic antibiotics along with topical agents were included. Tear fi

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Ganatra, Vaibhav, Soumyasis Gun, Pallavi Joshi, et al. "DEDector: Smartphone-Based Noninvasive Screening of Dry Eye Disease." Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 8, no. 4 (2024): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3699742.

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Dry Eye Disease (DED) is an eye condition characterized by abnormalities in tear film stability. Despite its high prevalence, screening for DED remains challenging, primarily due to the invasive nature of most diagnostic tests. The Fluorescein Break-Up Time (FBUT) test, which involves instilling fluorescein dye in the eye, is a widely used method for assessing tear film stability. In this work, we propose DEDector, a low-cost, smartphone-based automated Non-Invasive Break-Up Time (NIBUT) measurement for DED screening. Utilizing a 3D-printed Placido ring attachment on a smartphone's camera, DED

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Pauk, Sania Vidas, Igor Petriček, Martina Tomić, et al. "Manual interferometric device for routine non-invasive tear film break-up time assessment." Seminars in Ophthalmology 36, no. 3 (2021): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08820538.2021.1884272.

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Tagawa, Yoshiaki, Kousuke Noda, Takeshi Ohguchi, Yoshitsugu Tagawa, Susumu Ishida, and Nobuyoshi Kitaichi. "Corneal hyperalgesia in patients with short tear film break-up time dry eye." Ocular Surface 17, no. 1 (2019): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtos.2018.08.004.

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Mousavi, Maryam, Danilo A. Jesus, Izabela K. Garaszczuk, Dorota H. Szczesna-Iskander, and D. Robert Iskander. "The utility of measuring tear film break-up time for prescribing contact lenses." Contact Lens and Anterior Eye 41, no. 1 (2018): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clae.2017.08.003.

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Lim, Christine C., and Cheryl L. Cullen. "Schirmer tear test values and tear film break-up times in cats with conjunctivitis." Veterinary Ophthalmology 8, no. 5 (2005): 305–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-5224.2005.00403.x.

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Sharma, Anjali, Hemlata Yadav, Poulomi Ghosh, Megha Gautam, and Aditya Sharma. "Study of tear film status in patients undergoing phacoemulsification surgery." Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology 9, no. 4 (2023): 542–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijceo.2023.102.

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The present study was undertaken to study the tear film status preoperatively and post-operatively in patients undergoing phacoemulsification surgery. The study was conducted as prospective study on 100 patients undergoing phacoemulsification surgery during the study period of 1 year. Work up for tear film status including Schirmer’s test, staining of cornea and conjunctiva with fluorescein dye, TBUT (tear film break up time) was done preoperatively and postoperatively after phacoemulsification. Mean Schirmer’s value at preoperative assessment was 27.45±4.95 whereas that at post operative day

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Segev, Fani, Noa Geffen, Anat Galor, et al. "Dynamic assessment of the tear film muco-aqueous and lipid layers using a novel tear film imager (TFI)." British Journal of Ophthalmology 104, no. 1 (2019): 136–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-313379.

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PurposeThe objective of the study was to assess a new technology, the tear film imager (TFI), which can dynamically image the muco-aqueous and lipid layers.MethodsProspective pilot case series of individuals with and without dry eye (DE). Two sequential images were obtained with the TFI. Measurements were assessed for reproducibility and compared with clinically derived DE metrics. Individuals were grouped into DE categories based on signs of DE.Results49 patients participated in the study with a mean age of 58.8 years (SD 15.9) and a female majority (69%). Reproducibility of the muco-aqueous

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Sanchez-Sanchez, Anabel, MaGuadalupe Leon-Verdin, Sabino Chavez-Cerda, and Claudia Martinez-Cordero. "Tear Film Conditions and Depression Symptoms in Persons with Obesity." Diagnostics 14, no. 16 (2024): 1768. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14161768.

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Most persons with obesity who have undergone gastric bypass surgery present depressive symptoms. Depression and anxiety have been associated with tear film disorders. This study aimed to investigate whether there is a correlation between tear film conditions and depression symptoms in patients subjected to bariatric surgery. The participants completed a Patient Health Questionnaire to detect depression symptoms. The break-up time and Schirmer test were subsequently applied; the measurements were performed three times, and the average time was subsequently recorded. The results revealed that th

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Capote-Puente, Raúl, José-María Sánchez-González, María Carmen Sánchez-González, and María-José Bautista-Llamas. "Evaluation of Celligent® Biomimetic Water Gradient Contact Lens Effects on Ocular Surface and Subjective Symptoms." Diagnostics 13, no. 7 (2023): 1258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13071258.

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This study aimed to evaluate the non-invasive and subjective symptoms associated with Lehfilcon A water gradient silicone hydrogel contact lenses with bacterial and lipid resistance technology. A prospective, longitudinal, single-centre, self-controlled study was conducted among silicone hydrogel contact lens wearers. Non-invasive analysis of the pre-lens tear film was performed using the Integrated Clinical Platform (ICP) Ocular Surface Analyzer (OSA), and the meibomian glands were evaluated with the Cobra® HD infrared meibographer. After 30 days of contact lens wear, the subjects were re-eva

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Eissa, Iman M., Noha M. Khalil, and Heba A. El-Gendy. "A Controlled Study on the Correlation between Tear Film Volume and Tear Film Stability in Diabetic Patients." Journal of Ophthalmology 2016 (2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5465272.

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Purpose. To assess the tear film quantity and correlate it with the quality and stability of the tear film in diabetics and compare them to age matched controls.Introduction. Diabetes affects tear film parameters in multiple ways. Poor metabolic control and neuropathy are postulated factors. To further understand how diabetes affects tear film parameters this study was conducted.Subjects and Methods. Tear meniscus height was measured by anterior segment OCT, along with tear thinning time, a subtype of noninvasive tear break-up time, and blinking rate per minute which were all recorded for 22 d

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Shin, Haeeun, Soyeon Jung, and Ji Won Jung. "Comparison of Each Eye According to the Order of Noninvasive Keratographic Tear Film Evaluation." Korean Journal of Ophthalmology 37, no. 3 (2023): 230–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3341/kjo.2022.0135.

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Purpose: To investigate the effect of order of examination on the results of noninvasive keratograph tear film evaluation using Keratograph5M in dry eye patients.Methods: One hundred and four patients with dry eye symptoms were analyzed retrospectively. All patients underwent bilateral noninvasive tear film evaluation using measurements of tear meniscus height (TMH) and noninvasive keratograph break-up time (NIKBUT) obtained using Keratograph5M. Measurements were performed sequentially in the order of right TMH, left TMH, right NIKBUT, and left NIKBUT.Results: There was no statistically signif

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Mohamed-Noriega, Karim, David E. Charles-Cantu, Jibran Mohamed-Noriega, et al. "Face Mask and Tear Film Stability: A Pilot Study of the Objective Measurement of Tear Break-Up Time." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 24 (2023): 7727. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12247727.

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(1) Background: Mask-associated dry eye (MADE) has been associated with increased dry eye symptoms, apparently due to reduced tear break-up time (TBUT). This study aimed to determine the short-term impact of surgical face mask (FM) on tear film stability by measuring non-invasive tear break-up time (NIBUT). (2) Methods: Twenty-six healthy participants had NIBUT evaluated without FM, with surgical FM and with a surgical FM secured to the skin with adhesive tape (TFM). NIBUT-first was measured with Keratograph 5M (K5M, Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany). Each participant had NIBUT measured in four sessio

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Moudgil, S. S., A. K. Khurana, M. Singh, I. P. S. Parmar, and B. K. Ahluwalia. "Effect of methyl cellulose on tear film break-up-time in health and disease." Acta Ophthalmologica 65, no. 4 (2009): 397–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-3768.1987.tb07013.x.

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Farooq, Nesr, Hafiz Waqar Ahmad Ghauri, Asad Zaman Khan, Abdul Bari Kakar, Muhammad Amin, and Chakar Tajwidi. "Frequency of Dry Eye in Glaucoma Patients Using Topical Anti-Glaucoma Therapy." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 10 (2021): 2606–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2115102606.

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Aim: To determine the prevalence of dry eye in glaucoma patients using topical anti-glaucoma therapy. Study Design: Descriptive observational study Place and duration of study: Department of Ophthalmology, Shalimar Medical & Dental College Lahore from 1st November 2020 to 30th April 2021. Methodology: Ninety patients of both genders were enrolled. Detailed demographics of enrolled cases age, sex and body mass index were recorded after taking informed written consent. Patients using topical anti-glaucoma therapy for more than 8 months and having symptoms of stinging and burning sensations i

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Yazdani, Mazyar, Jørgen Fiskådal, Xiangjun Chen, et al. "Tear Film Break-Up Time and Dry Eye Disease Severity in a Large Norwegian Cohort." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 4 (2021): 884. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10040884.

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This study evaluated to what extent tear film break-up time (TFBUT) could discriminate pathological scores for other clinical tests and explore the associations between them. Dry eye patients (n = 2094) were examined for ocular surface disease index (OSDI), tear film osmolarity (Osm), TFBUT, blink interval, ocular protection index (OPI), ocular surface staining (OSS), Schirmer I test, meibomian expressibility, meibomian quality, and meibomian gland dysfunction. The results were grouped into eight levels of break-up time (≤2, ≥3, ≤5, ≥6, ≤10, ≥11, ≤15, and ≥16) with or without sex stratificatio

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Pena-Verdeal, Hugo, Carlos García-Resúa, Lucía Ramos, Eva Yebra-Pimentel, and Mª Jesús Giráldez. "Diurnal variations in tear film break-up time determined in healthy subjects by software-assisted interpretation of tear film video recordings." Clinical and Experimental Optometry 99, no. 2 (2016): 142–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cxo.12324.

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Tashbayev, Behzod, Reza A. Badian, Xiangjun Chen, et al. "Comparison of non-invasive and fluorescein tear film break-up time in a 65-year-old Norwegian population: a cross-sectional study." BMJ Open 15, no. 4 (2025): e090305. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-090305.

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ObjectivesMeasurement of tear film stability is central in dry eye disease (DED) diagnosis. In this study, we aimed to compare the performance of two methods of tear film stability measurement: non-invasive tear break-up time (NIBUT) and fluorescein tear film break-up time (FTBUT).DesignCross-sectional study.Setting and participantsThe study involved 132 subjects of 65-year-old inhabitants of the Oslo region who were not seeking ophthalmic care.InterventionsThe participants underwent a battery of DED tests, including NIBUT measured on Oculus Keratograph 5M and a traditional method using fluore

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Divate, Akshay, Waman Chavan, and Vasant Suvarnkar. "STUDY OF DRY EYE IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AT RURAL TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL." International Journal of Advanced Research 10, no. 10 (2022): 1158–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/15593.

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Purpose: Not much attention is given to evaluation of ocular surface abnormalities in diabetics. This study has been carried out to evaluate factors like age, sex, duration of diabetes in causing dry eye in type 2 diabetics along with evaluation of tear film stability using various tests like Schirmers test and Tear film break up time. Materials and Methods: In this observational cross-sectional study, 50 patients were examined, who were a diagnosed case of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Detailed history, anterior segment evaluation was done. Ocular surface evaluation was done using tear film break

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Stankovic-Babic, Gordana, Jasmina Gligorijevic, and Gordana Zlatanovic. "Diagnostics of dry eye." Medical review 64, no. 1-2 (2011): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns1102068s.

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Introduction. Dry eye is a multi-factorial disease of tears and ocular surface resulting in symptoms of discomforts, vision disabilities, unstable tear film and possible damage to the ocular surface. The final diagnosis of dry eye results from collecting various data obtained in the course of several diagnostic procedures. Dry eye - diagnostic methods. Diagnosis of dry eye involves performing a series of clinical methods and laboratory tests. This paper presents some of the procedures used in the diagnosis of dry eye. Biomicroscopy of the eye with objective tests to check the tear film (Schirm

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Park, Seo Woo, Ha-Rim So, Ji Won Baek, et al. "A Comparison between Keratograph 5M® and IDRA® in Dry Eye Patients." Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society 66, no. 4 (2025): 175–80. https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2025.66.4.175.

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Purpose: To evaluate the compatibility and usability of test results obtained from the IDRA and Keratograph 5M in clinical settings by comparing their performance in patients with dry eye disease.Methods: From December 27 to 30, 2022, a study was conducted on 30 patients diagnosed with dry eye utilizing both the Keratograph 5M and IDRA devices. The parameters compared and analyzed included lipid layer thickness, tear meniscus height, tear film break-up time, and meibography. A paired t-test was used for statistical comparison. The lipid layer thickness in the Keratograph 5M was graded on a sca

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