Journal articles: 'Technical ceramic'

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Yibing, Tan. "Technical analysis of water absorption rate of ceramic tiles." E3S Web of Conferences 185 (2020): 04039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202018504039.

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Water absorption is an important physical performance index to measure the quality of architectural ceramics products.The difference of water absorption test results between different laboratories is large, which cannot truly reflect the quality status of products, restricting the quality improvement of ceramic products and restricting the development of enterprises.This paper mainly analyzes the testing technology of water absorption of ceramic tile, and finds that the technical level of testing personnel, test water and vacuum system of equipment are the main factors affecting the results of water absorption test, and puts forward relevant Suggestions, which provides a strong basis for improving the testing technology of ceramic tile in the laboratory.

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Gorman, Jim, and Joel Parry. "The Opportunity of Modern High-Toughness Technical Ceramics for Undersea Systems." Marine Technology Society Journal 55, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.55.1.3.

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AbstractA confluence of recent developments in the formulation and processing of technical ceramics enables an important opportunity for submersible designers, namely, the reliable use of ceramics having density of near 3 g/cm3, compression strength of >4 GPa, tensile strength of >690 MPa, and fracture toughness (KIc) of 8‐10 MPa-m1/2. Concurrent developments in high-strength brazing of ferrous and nickel-based metals to these tough ceramics enables the integration of pressure envelopes with removable endcaps or ports, as well as optimum stiffener configurations and other internal or external design features. The specific opportunity presented by this confluence of tough ceramics and brazed metallic fittings is the possibility of full-ocean-depth (>6,000 m) dry submersible structures with weight/displacement (W/D) ratio < 0.7, as compared to W/D > 1.0 for metallic structures. Self-buoyant dry hull structures at these depths will greatly expand submersible design options, minimizing the need for full-ocean-depth syntactic foams to float key functionalities. The processing of these ceramics requires a cold isostatic press (CIP) or slip cast “green forming” step, plus sintering to near full density, followed by hot isostatic press (HIP) to final density. Present HIP facilities can support processing of 81-cm diameter × 190-cm-long ceramic vessels and brazing of ceramic/metal assemblies to ~163-cm diameter × 254-cm-long in the United States. If larger ceramic pressure hull components are desired, a “tiled” ceramic structure can be assembled and brazed or bonded together with thin metallic skins in a sandwich structure.

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Shmuradko, V. T., F. I. Panteleenko, O. P. Reut, N. A. Rudenskaya, S. V. Grigoriev, and A. F. Panteleenko. "Technical ceramics: materials-products, principles of formation of composition - structure and properties." NOVYE OGNEUPORY (NEW REFRACTORIES), no. 4 (April 30, 2019): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/1683-4518-2019-4-41-45.

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The analysis of physical and chemical processes and mechanisms of structural engineering in ceramic materials science and technology of technical ceramics when creating materials for various technical purposes is presented. Ill. 1. Ref. 16.

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Lynn, Ciarán J., Ravindra K. Dhir, and Gurmel S. Ghataora. "Sewage sludge ash characteristics and potential for use in bricks, tiles and glass ceramics." Water Science and Technology 74, no. 1 (March 24, 2016): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2016.040.

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The characteristics of sewage sludge ash (SSA) and its use in ceramic applications pertaining to bricks, tiles and glass ceramics have been assessed using the globally published literature in the English medium. It is shown that SSA possesses similar chemical characteristics to established ceramic materials and under heat treatment achieves the targeted densification, strength increases and absorption reductions. In brick and tile applications, technical requirements relating to strength, absorption and durability are achievable, with merely manageable performance reductions with SSA as a partial clay replacement. Fluxing properties of SSA facilitate lower firing temperatures during ceramics production, although reductions in mix plasticity leads to higher forming water requirements. SSA glass ceramics attained strengths in excess of natural materials such as granite and marble and displayed strong durability properties. The thermal treatment and nature of ceramic products also effectively restricted heavy metal leaching to low levels. Case studies, predominantly in bricks applications, reinforce confidence in the material with suitable technical performances achieved in practical conditions.

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Kolar, D. "Chemical research needed to improve high-temperature processing of advanced ceramic materials (Technical report)." Pure and Applied Chemistry 72, no. 8 (January 1, 2000): 1425–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200072081425.

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Of the principal classes of engineering materials, ceramics are in many ways the most interesting and challenging. Many properties, or combination, of properties, not achievable with other classes of materials give ceramics enormous technical potential. The main obstacles that prevent the wider use of ceramics include insufficient reliability, reproducibility, and high cost. The physical basis of the processing steps is well established, however, the chemical reactions which occur during the high-temperature processing frequently influence the densification process and microstructure development of ceramics in an unpredictable way. Therefore, an ability to understand and control the chemical processes that occur during ceramic processing are necessary to advance and open up new uses for technical ceramics. The aim of this present report, resulting from discussions of an ad hoc group of ceramists and chemists, is to expose the areas of chemical research that can most benefit the processing, and further the use, of ceramic materials.

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Lei, Zheng, Wei Min Zuo, Bao Fu Feng, and Jun Tan Yuan. "A Technical Study of Hole Drilling in Ceramics/FRP Laminate Composite Components." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 1965–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.1965.

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Drilling process of the ceramic composite component (ceramics/FRP/aluminum alloy), as an example of similar ceramics/FRP laminate composite components, was studied intensively. According to the diverse machining properties of the composing materials of ceramic composite components, the special thinwall diamond core bit was developed, with copper based matrix of complex alloy and hot pressing process. Through machining competitive experiments, the feeding mode with constant pressure was determined. After analyzing the diverse hole defects, the process equipment with compressive pre stress was introduced to improve the hole drilling quality, with good validity proved theoretically by the finite element analysis and on this condition, water can be used as the coolant. The process technology presented in this paper can be used for hole drilling in similar composite components made of the same composing materials.

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Garcia-Sanchez, Angela M., Bernardino Machado-Moreira, Mário Freire, Ricardo Santos, Sílvia Monteiro, Diamantino Dias, Orquídia Neves, Amélia Dionísio, and Ana Z. Miller. "Characterization of Microbial Communities Associated with Ceramic Raw Materials as Potential Contributors for the Improvement of Ceramic Rheological Properties." Minerals 9, no. 5 (May 23, 2019): 316. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min9050316.

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Technical ceramics are being widely employed in the electric power, medical and engineering industries because of their thermal and mechanical properties, as well as their high resistance qualities. The manufacture of technical ceramic components involves complex processes, including milling and stirring of raw materials in aqueous solutions, spray drying and dry pressing. In general, the spray-dried powders exhibit an important degree of variability in their performance when subjected to dry-pressing, which affects the efficiency of the manufacturing process. Commercial additives, such as deflocculants, biocides, antifoam agents, binders, lubricants and plasticizers are thus applied to ceramic slips. Several bacterial and fungal species naturally occurring in ceramic raw materials, such as Sphingomonas, Aspergillus and Aureobasidium, are known to produce exopolysaccharides. These extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) may confer unique and potentially interesting properties on ceramic slips, including viscosity control, gelation, and flocculation. In this study, the microbial communities present in clay raw materials were identified by both culture methods and DNA-based analyses to select potential EPS producers based on the scientific literature for further assays based on the use of EPS for enhancing the performance of technical ceramics. Potential exopolysaccharide producers were identified in all samples, such as Sphingomonas sp., Pseudomonas xanthomarina, P. stutzeri, P. koreensis, Acinetobacter lwoffi, Bacillus altitudinis and Micrococcus luteus, among bacteria. Five fungi (Penicillium citrinum, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Acremonium persicinum and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa) were also identified as potential EPS producers.

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Sanz, V., Y. Reig, C. Feliu, Y. Bautista, C. Ribes, and M. Edwards. "Technical Evolution of Ceramic Tile Printing." Journal of Imaging Science and Technology 56, no. 5 (September 21, 2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/j.imagingsci.technol.12.56.5.050402.

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Hahn, Eric N., Vincent R. Sherman, Andrei Pissarenko, Samuel D. Rohrbach, Daniel J. Fernandes, and Marc A. Meyers. "Nature's technical ceramic: the avian eggshell." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 14, no. 126 (January 2017): 20160804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2016.0804.

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Avian eggshells may break easily when impacted at a localized point; however, they exhibit impressive resistance when subjected to a well-distributed compressive load. For example, a common demonstration of material strength is firmly squeezing a chicken egg along its major axis between one's hands without breaking it. This research provides insight into the underlying mechanics by evaluating both macroscopic and microstructural features. Eggs of different size, varying from quail (30 mm) to ostrich (150 mm), are investigated. Compression experiments were conducted along the major axis of the egg using force-distributing rubber cushions between steel plates and the egg. The force at failure increases with egg size, reaching loads upwards of 5000 N for ostrich eggs. The corresponding strength, however, decreases with increasing shell thickness (intimately related to egg size); this is rationalized by a micro-defects model. Failure occurs by axial splitting parallel to the loading direction—the result of hoop tensile stresses due to the applied compressive load. Finite-element analysis is successfully employed to correlate the applied compressive force to tensile breaking strength for the eggs, and the influence of geometric ratio and microstructural heterogeneities on the shell's strength and fracture toughness is established.

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Panteleyenko, Fedor, Andrzej Kuczumow, Jan Sieniawski, Katerina Panteleyenko, Valeri Shmuradko, and Vladimir Korotin. "Mechanisms of technical ceramic density adjusting." MATEC Web of Conferences 297 (2019): 04007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201929704007.

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In this paper authors overviewed the most important stages of ceramics production process which give significant influence on final properties of product. Often density and porosity on the all producing stages determines exploitation ceramics properties. A calculation method for fractions ratio selection which provides optimal density is suggested here. Also, density changes during operations of grinding, forming, thermal treatment and sintering a row of specimens are researched and analysed. The data received allow to predict semi products size behaviour while producing and get definite final part with dimension required.

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Becker, Marielies, Frank Ficker, Roxana Miksch, and Sabine Olbrich. "Custom-Made Reinforcement Structures Made of Inorganic Fibers Challenges, Chances and Technical Approaches." Key Engineering Materials 809 (June 2019): 167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.809.167.

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Ceramic fibers are just as glass and basalt member of the group of inorganic fibers. Like most types of inorganic fibers ceramic fibers have a high tear resistance but a limited flexibility. [1] Ceramic fibers are characterized by their extraordinary high temperature and chemical resistance. These properties make them interesting for different high technical applications, as they occur in aerospace, chemical-and energy technology. In this field, they are applied especially as a reinforcement component in composite materials. Not only the partially high material price, but although the typical brittleness of ceramic fibers bring huge problems during the textile production chain, which limits the availability of complex textile preforms in the market. Often, a radical revision of the machine and processing concept is necessary to enable an economical production process. The Application Center for Textile Fiber Ceramics TFK at Fraunhofer-Center for High Temperature Materials and Design HTL develops and modifies textile production processes to make them suitable for the special requirements of ceramic fibers. One and multilayer woven fabrics, braids and tape structures for the winding process have already been successfully implemented. A further development complex is the intensive investigation of three-dimensional textile reinforcement structures. Regarding the high material costs, these research activities are very important. If the textile reinforcement is placed only where needed, the amount of used fiber material can be reduced significantly.

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Cheng, Xu, and Xiao Gang Wang. "Preparation and Properties of β/α SiC Composite Ceramics." Key Engineering Materials 727 (January 2017): 309–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.727.309.

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In this paper, the production of high-performance β/α SiC composite ceramics technology as the goal, by measuring density, we can optimize and determine the best technical ceramic formulations. Because a small amount of β-SiC in α-SiC,the sintered ceramic appeared long axis-like crystals, indicating fracture mode changes from the original transgranular fracture to transgranular fracture mainly and intergranular fracture supplement. The results show that, when added in an amount of 10% β-SiC, SiC ceramics having the best performance.

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Yu, Xin Gang, Lan Yun Liu, Yan Bin Zuo, Zhi Peng Xie, Bo Lin Wu, Jin Long Yang, Jian Bao Li, Yong Huang, Lin Wang, and Yi Gong. "On the Defects in Injection-Moulded Technical Ceramics." Key Engineering Materials 336-338 (April 2007): 1025–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.336-338.1025.

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A heated sprue device for ceramic injection moulding was used to research the defects in injection-moulded technical ceramics. By use of the heated sprue device, the problem of sprue solidification was resolved and the density of the injection moulding specimens was increased while the defects eliminated. The influence of the processing parameters on the defects of the injection molding specimens was investigated in detail by X-ray radiography camera and photograph. It turns that the sprue solidification time has much influence on the defects in injection-moulded technical ceramics. Reasons causing the results above were also analyzed. Based on the research, bars of 20mm in diameter without macroscopic defects and turbine blade of fine property with Si3N4/SiC(w) materials were prepared by injection moulding.

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Stancekova, Dana, Jana Petrů, Jaroslava Svobodova, Izabela Miturska, and Sarka Molotova. "The Application of Grinding of Ceramic Materials." Materials Science Forum 919 (April 2018): 215–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.919.215.

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An application of hard engineering materials depends especially on their specific properties, included mechanical properties and their machinability. Technical ceramics belongs to such materials. Nowadays, due to its properties, it is a process of grinding that is applied in machining. Because the technical ceramics has high hardness and brittleness it is important to pay attention to the whole process of machining. In this case of the grinding, there is need to pay attention to the process from disc engagement to grind off the desired layer. The paper deals with an implementation of grinding of ceramic materials in context of determining of elements of cutting forces and the surface roughness evaluation. These are important aspects for determining the suitability of the cutting conditions and the possibility of their use in the production process.

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Sutakova, Elza, and Alexei Mestnikov. "Basics of recreation of ancient ceramics production technology." MATEC Web of Conferences 143 (2018): 02001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814302001.

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The paper investigates possibility of ancient ceramics technology recreation based on materials of archaeological excavations and experimental simulation and describes results of the research. The structure and properties of ceramic samples found during archaeological excavations of the neolithic age and clay raw materials from different deposits were studied. The fragments under study were shown to consist mainly of light-melting clays, possessing polimineral composition with additives of fire clay, sand, loose sedimentary rock, and in some cases wool and vegetation. Clays under study are characterized by variability of chemical and mineral composition, by their combining it is possible to obtain optimal moulding compositions to produce ceramic products of artistic and architectural-structural purpose. Overview of scientific and technical information in archaeology and the obtained experimental results enable to reveal compositions and peculiarities of ancient technology of ceramics production and technical decoration application. Peculiar features of experimental simulation of the ancient ceramics technology considering chemical and mineral composition of clay raw materials are described.

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Tian, Ye, and Xiaobing Hu. "SWOT Analysis of China’s Ceramic Industry and the Use of Computers for Scientific and Technological Innovation Research." Scientific Programming 2021 (August 13, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5395988.

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Chinese ceramics have a long history and have been deeply recognized by the world after centuries of changes. The current world ceramic industry is diversified. Under this background, there is a huge challenge to the development of Chinese ceramics. The update of materials, the participation of computers in ceramic design, and the demonstration of ingredients all constitute technological factors that cannot be ignored in the development of the ceramic industry. Therefore, this study uses the SWOT analysis method to analyze the development of Chinese ceramics, puts forward its advantages and disadvantages, opportunities, and threats, and under the background of advanced technology, and how to use computer software to demonstrate raw materials and color matching to make Chinese ceramics. The development achieves the goal of self-improvement and then completes the upgrade of its production process and production. Through the research of this study, it is found that the current development of China’s ceramic industry should be good at using SWOT analysis, face up to its shortcomings and pressure from other ceramic production areas in the world, give full play to its advantages, maximize strengths and avoid weaknesses, and use technological innovation, combined with technical factors from other disciplines, to promote ceramic industry design and production capabilities and provide a reference for the current ceramic industry development.

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Barba-Juan, A. "Technical Evolution of the Spanish Ceramic Sector." Key Engineering Materials 264-268 (May 2004): 1457–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.264-268.1457.

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Alves, Márcia Angelina. "Technical study on prehistoric ceramic of Brazil." Revista do Museu de Arqueologia e Etnologia, no. 4 (December 19, 1994): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2448-1750.revmae.1994.109194.

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Este artigo apresenta os dados resultantes da parte experimental da Tese de Doutorado Análise Cerâmica: Estudo Tecnotipológico, apresentada no Departamento de Antropologia Social da Universidade de São Paulo, em agosto de 1988. Refere-se ao estudo da pasta cerâmica, da inferência dos índices de temperatura de queima e da detecção dos minerais corantes presentes nos quatro conjuntos cerâmicos procedentes de dois sítios situados no Estado de São Paulo (“Franco de Godoy” e “de Lagoa São Paulo”) e dois localizados no Estado de Minas Gerais (“Prado” e “Silva Serrote”). Neste estudo aplicaram-se a microscopia petrográfica de luz transmitida, a difratometria de Raios X e a microscopia eletrônica de varredura e microanálise.

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Meshalkin, Valerii P., and Alexey V. Belyakov. "Methods Used for the Compaction and Molding of Ceramic Matrix Composites Reinforced with Carbon Nanotubes." Processes 8, no. 8 (August 18, 2020): 1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8081004.

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Ceramic matrix composites reinforced with carbon nanotubes are becoming increasingly popular in industry due to their astonishing mechanical properties and taking into account the fact that advanced production technologies make carbon nanotubes increasingly affordable. In the present paper, the most convenient contemporary methods used for the compaction of molding masses composed of either technical ceramics or ceramic matrix composites reinforced with carbon nanotubes are surveyed. This stage that precedes debinding and sintering plays the key role in getting pore-free equal-density ceramics at the scale of mass production. The methods include: compaction in sealed and collector molds, cold isostatic and quasi-isostatic compaction; dynamic compaction methods, such as magnetic pulse, vibration, and ultrasonic compaction; extrusion, stamping, and injection; casting from aqueous and non-aqueous slips; tape and gel casting. Capabilities of mold-free approaches to produce precisely shaped ceramic bodies are also critically analyzed, including green ceramic machining and additive manufacturing technologies.

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Clarke, D. R. "Critical Issues In Ceramic Microstructures." Microscopy Today 5, no. 7 (September 1997): 14–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929500056546.

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As the number and variety of ceramic materials have grown so rapidly in the last few decades, ranging from silicon nitride structural ceramics to the perovskite superconductors to the ferroelectric oxides to semiconducting sensors, the number of scientific and technical issues has also grown rapidly. Many of the basic questions relate to the role the microstructures play in determining the observed physical behavior, but increasingly it is not the geometric properties of the microstructure that are of central concern but rather compositional variations and associated electrical characteristics.

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Conolly, James. "Technical strategies and technical change at Neolithic Çatalhöyük, Turkey." Antiquity 73, no. 282 (December 1999): 791–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00065534.

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Analysis of knapped obsidian and flint artefacts from the early ceramic Neolithic site of Çatalhöyük has shown that there were several strategies used for the production of knapped-stone tools, and that there was a profound change in the character of lithic production occurring approximately during the middle of the occupation sequence. This paper outlines the details of this technical change and, with reference to possible changes in subsistence strategies and the organization of production, offers some explanations for its occurrence.

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Bakunov, V. S., and E. S. Lukin. "Particularities of the technology of high-density technical ceramics. Sintering of oxide ceramic." Glass and Ceramics 65, no. 11-12 (November 2008): 439–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10717-009-9103-0.

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Babisk, Michelle Pereira, Wagner Souza Ribeiro, Mariane Costalonga de Aguiar, Sergio Neves Monteiro, Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira, and Francisco Wilson Hollanda Vidal. "Characterization of a Quartzite Residue and its Application in Red Clay Ceramics." Materials Science Forum 805 (September 2014): 541–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.805.541.

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The fabrication of conventional red clay ceramics products for civil construction, such as bricks and roofing tiles, normally uses other raw materials like sand, in addition to clay, as a way to condition the final ceramic properties. Quartzite residues, from ornamental stone processing in the northeast region of Brazil, could be used as possible conditioner material for clay body in a ceramic industry owing to its similar characteristics to common sand. In the present work, complementing a recent publication on the same materials, a quartzite residue was characterized and its potential as a red clay ceramic addition was evaluated for different composition up to 40 wt%. The results indicated economical advantages in association with some technical benefits.

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Zlatkov, B. S., E. Griesmayer, H. Loibl, O. S. Aleksic, H. Danninger, C. Gierl, and L. S. Lukic. "Recent advances in CIM technology." Science of Sintering 40, no. 2 (2008): 185–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sos0802185z.

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In this article the PIM (Powder Injection Moulding) technology is described in brief. After that the benefits and advantages were analyzed and summarized. Ceramic injection moulding (CIM) process was analyzed in more detail: CIM- alumina, CIM-zirconia and CIM ferrites as the most common technical ceramics in CIM ceramic parts production, medical applications and accessories in chemical laboratories, and cores in electronic inductive components. After that our results for CIM barium hexaferrite and piezo ceramics (barium titanate) are given. The main powder characteristics, the shrinkage and density and the main electrical characteristics of the sintered samples were compared for the isostatically pressed PM (powder metallurgy) and CIM formed samples. SEM fractographs of CIM and PM samples are given for CIM green parts, debinded (white) parts and sintered parts, and PM green parts and sintered parts. The results obtained were compared to literature data before they were applied in ceramic components production.

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Mardegan Louzada, Thais, Alline Sardinha Cordeiro Morais, Carlos Mauricio Fontes Vieira, Veronica Scarpini Candido, and Sergio Neves Monteiro. "Microstructural Analysis of Clayey Ceramics Incorporated with Fluorescent Lamp Glass Waste." Materials Science Forum 820 (June 2015): 468–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.820.468.

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The recycling of industrial wastes has become a worldwide practice owing to environmental and economical advantages. In the case of waste addition to clayey ceramics for civil construction, this sustainable practice may also bring technical benefits. Fluorescent lamps, today replacing incandescent lamps, generate typical glass waste that can improve the properties of clayey ceramics. The fluxing behavior of the glass waste contributes to the ceramic sintering mechanisms by reducing the porosity. In the present work, the effect of incorporation of 30 wt% of Hg-cleaned fluorescent lamps glass waste was investigated by means of microstructural analysis. Waste incorporated clayey ceramics, fired at 850 and 1100°C were analyzed by optical and scanning electron microscopy as well as by X-ray diffraction. The results revealed the microstructural mechanism responsible for the improvement of the ceramic properties.

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Schmidtner, Lea, Hannes Heinrich, Marcel Fuchs, Anke Pötzsch, Stefan Janz, Mathias Herrmann, Christos Aneziris, and Thomas Kaden. "Multi-Wire Sawing of Translucent Alumina Ceramics." Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing 4, no. 1 (January 11, 2020): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmmp4010002.

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Multi-wire sawing has emerged as the leading technology in wafer production for a variety of semiconductor materials. This study investigates the process stability and efficiency of conventional semiconductor multi-wire slurry saws in routinely machining translucent, high-density alumina ceramics. The brittle and fine-grained translucent alumina ceramics with extreme hardness and wear resistance represents a major challenge for the process. The alumina ceramic substrates are used for sensor applications, energy storage technology and applications in power electronics. An ideal adaptation of the sawing process parameters to the workpiece properties guarantees the efficiency of the slurry sawing process and the quality of the ceramic wafers. An indicator of the efficiency and cutting ability of the sawing process is the size of the bow of the wire web. The first time was shown that the wire bow can be used for the characterization of the sawing processes for hard and brittle technical ceramics. It was found that a longer workpiece length, a higher number of wafers and stronger abrasive wear lead to an increased size of the bow. The rocking frequency has no measurable influence on the size of the bow. Knowledge of these relations is an extremely valuable tool in the sawing process development for hard and brittle technical ceramics.

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Dallaire, S., B. Champagne, and J. Hojo. "Technical note: Agglutination process for coating ceramic particles." Surface and Coatings Technology 39-40 (December 1989): 539–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0257-8972(89)80015-5.

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Nakamura, Shigemi. "Requirements of Nowdays & All Ceramic Technical Skills." JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF CLINICAL DENTISTRY 29, no. 1-2 (2009): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.14399/jacd.29.67.

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Bill, Joachim. "Bio-Inspired Processing of Ceramic Materials." Advances in Science and Technology 45 (October 2006): 643–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.45.643.

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Ceramic processing without firing, sintering and expensive equipment represents a growing research field within materials science. With respect to the search of new synthesis pathways living nature provides paradigms for procedures that occur at ambient conditions and by apparently simple means. In this connection, biomineralization yields highly complex organic/inorganic structures, e. g. within nacre or bones. In general, the formation of these biominerals involves organic molecules that act as templates during the mineralization of inorganic phases. Bio-inspired ceramic synthesis aims to imitate such principles by technical means. Accordingly, these routes consider the template-induced formation and the structural design of ceramics from solutions of suitable metal salts. This paper describes such routes by means of the preparation of ceramics like titania, vanadia, and zinc oxide. The influence of (bio)organic molecules (e. g. polyelectrolytes, self-assembled monolayers, amino acids, peptides and proteins) on the micro- and nanostructure formation and on the evolution of the morphology of these solids will be discussed. Furthermore, mechanical as well as functional properties of the obtained architectures are treated.

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Vieira, Carlos Mauricio Fontes, Thiago Samarão Motta, Verônica Scarpini Cândido, and Sergio Neves Monteiro. "Addition of Ornamental Stone Waste to Improve Distinct Formulations of Clayey Ceramics." Materials Science Forum 820 (June 2015): 419–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.820.419.

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Clayey ceramics are being traditionally fabricated in the municipal area of Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, by a mixture of different clays to attend the technical specifications. In several cases, the simple mixture of clays is not able to grantee the required properties for a given fired ceramic product. In the present work, distinct formulation using two types of clays, with or without the addition of ornamental stone waste, were investigated for the effect on the technical properties of ceramics fired at 950°C. The results indicated that at this firing temperature the ornamental stone waste was not able to act as a fluxing agent and only the linear shrinkage was effectively improved.

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Porojan, Liliana, Roxana-Diana Vasiliu, Mihaela-Ionela Bîrdeanu, and Sorin-Daniel Porojan. "Surface Characterization and Optical Properties of Reinforced Dental Glass-Ceramics Related to Artificial Aging." Molecules 25, no. 15 (July 28, 2020): 3407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25153407.

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The development of various dental glass-ceramic materials and the evolution of novel processing technologies lead to an essential change in the clinical and technical workflow. The long-term success of a dental restoration treatment is defined by its durability, which is directly influenced by the oral environment. This study’s purpose was to evaluate the artificial aging behavior of nanostructured, respective microstructured ceramics related to surface topography, roughness, and optical properties. Six monolithic restoration materials were selected: milled lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (LDS-M) MT (medium translucency), hot-pressed lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (LDS-P) MT and HT (high translucency), milled zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic (ZLS-M) MT and hot-pressed zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic (ZLS-P) MT and HT, resulting n = 96 surfaces. All the samples were artificially aged by thermal cycling, and all investigations were made before and after thermal cycling. In terms of optical properties, differences recorded between ZLS and LDS ceramics are not significant. Thermal cycling increases the translucency of ZLS and LDS glass-ceramic materials significantly, with the most harmful effect on the pressed and polished samples. Micro- and nano roughness are significantly influenced by in vitro aging and a negative correlation was recorded. Glazed samples are characterized by significant rougher surfaces for all types of materials. On nanolevel, ZLS materials are significantly smoothed by thermal cycling.

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Hildebrand, Gerhard, Johanna C. Sänger, Uwe Schirmer, Willi Mantei, Yannick Dupuis, Ruth Houbertz, and Klaus Liefeith. "Process Development for Additive Manufacturing of Alumina Toughened Zirconia for 3D Structures by Means of Two-Photon Absorption Technique." Ceramics 4, no. 2 (May 17, 2021): 224–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ceramics4020017.

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Additive manufacturing is well established for plastics and metals, and it gets more and more implemented in a variety of industrial processes. Beside these well-established material platforms, additive manufacturing processes are highly interesting for ceramics, especially regarding resource conservation and for the production of complex three-dimensional shapes and structures with specific feature sizes in the µm and mm range with high accuracy. The usage of ceramics in 3D printing is, however, just at the beginning of a technical implementation in a continuously and fast rising field of research and development. The flexible fabrication of highly complex and precise 3D structures by means of light-induced photopolymerization that are difficult to realize using traditional ceramic fabrication methods such as casting and machining is of high importance. Generally, slurry-based ceramic 3D printing technologies involve liquid or semi-liquid polymeric systems dispersed with ceramic particles as feedstock (inks or pastes), depending on the solid loading and viscosity of the system. This paper includes all types of photo-curable polymer-ceramic-mixtures (feedstock), while demonstrating our own work on 3D printed alumina toughened zirconia based ceramic slurries with light induced polymerization on the basis of two-photon absorption (TPA) for the first time. As a proven exemplary on cuboids with varying edge length and double pyramids in the µm-range we state that real 3D micro-stereolithographic fabrication of ceramic products will be generally possible in the near future by means of TPA. This technology enables the fabrication of 3D structures with high accuracy in comparison to ceramic technologies that apply single-photon excitation. In sum, our work is intended to contribute to the fundamental development of this technology for the representation of oxide-ceramic components (proof-of-principle) and helps to exploit the high potential of additive processes in the field of bio-ceramics in the medium to long-term future.

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Garachon, Isabelle. "Fired Infills and Replacement Parts to Ceramics in the Rijksmuseum." Rijksmuseum Bulletin 65, no. 4 (December 15, 2017): 372–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.52476/trb.9769.

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There are many objects in historic ceramics collections, like the Rijksmuseum’s, that have replacement parts and infills. Strikingly, the materials and techniques employed to make these repairs in the past were rarely the same as those originally used in manufacturing the object. This was primarily because it is technically very complicated to make additions in ceramics – clay shrinks and expands with each new firing. It also, however, requires specialist knowledge and skills to get the shape, colour and feel of a reconstruction or infill to match the original. There is limited information about this special restoration practice in the literature. This article aims to prompt further research into the technical and historical aspects of ceramic infills and replacements, particularly since they are becoming increasingly accepted as part of the history of the object.

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De La Fuente, Guillermo A. "Urns, Bowls, and Ollas: Pottery-Making Practices and Technical Identity in the Southern Andes During the Late Period (ca. A.D. 900—A.D. 1450) (Catamarca, Northwestern Argentine Region, Argentina)." Latin American Antiquity 22, no. 2 (June 2011): 224–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.7183/1045-6635.22.2.224.

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AbstractThis paper presents studies and discussions of pottery-making practices during the Late period (ca. A.D. 900—1450) in Northwestern Argentina. It stems from an extensive archaeological research project carried out in the middle sector of the Abaucán Valley, Province of Catamarca, Argentina. Pottery production during this period is evaluated through the study of technological choices and technical identity, as well as its relationship to the technical behaviors developed by potters. The analysis of a large sample of ceramic sherds, complete vessels, and overfired sherds indicates that the potters produced a very narrow repertoire of ceramic forms (bowls, urns, and ollas) using local raw materials and technology, the latter with a strong hold in the area. Pottery production during the Late period was carried out in household contexts, becoming increasingly intensified and concentrated with the appearance of Inkas in the region. Additionally, some ideas are discussed concerning the technological choices of ancient potters during this period, and the implications for technological studies in archaeological ceramics.

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Lutsyuk, Iryna, and Yaroslav Vakhula. "Theoretical Aspects of Modification Mechanism for Sol-Gel Ceramic Oxide Powders of Technical Application." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 12, no. 3 (September 15, 2018): 386–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht12.03.386.

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Behrens, Bernd Arno, Mohammad Kazhai, and Tobias Prüß. "Potentials of Ceramic Die Materials for Isothermal Forging Purposes of a Titanium Alloy." Key Engineering Materials 611-612 (May 2014): 202–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.611-612.202.

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The machining of titanium alloys is challenging in every aspect. In order to avoid waste material by cutting processes and to improve mechanical properties, forming processes offer many advantages but harbor also challenges. To face these challenges, especially techniques like isothermal forging are promising methods. Isothermal forging is an appropriate process for achieving a microstructure with excellent properties for high performance applications in aviation technology and turbine construction. One of the main challenges in this special process is the determination of a tool material with a high temperature resistance as well as a high resistance against the work load of forging processes. Given their high hardness, temperature resistance and wear resistance, technical ceramics feature properties classifying them as generally suitable for this application. This article deals with the complete design of an isothermal forging process with ceramic tool material for titanium forming. The material characterization of the forming material by flow curve determination is performed to receive data for FE analyses. Afterwards, a ceramic tool system for isothermal forging is designed and manufactured. The tests show that especially the brittleness of technical ceramics restricts their application as tool material for isothermal titanium forming. Additional investigations on isothermal forging using carbide metal as tool material show the benefit of isothermal titanium forging. The results of metallographic analyses are given.

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Abiodun, Segun Oladapo. "Technical Trends in Cottage Ceramic Industries in Southwestern Nigeria." Journal of Visual Art and Design 10, no. 2 (December 2018): 119–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/j.vad.2018.10.2.3.

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Aboufadil, Y., M. Hajjaji, A. El Idrissi Raghni, and A. Thalal. "Heating Transformations, Technical Properties and Ceramic Suitability of Clays." Transactions of the Indian Ceramic Society 72, no. 3 (September 2013): 201–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0371750x.2013.851623.

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Böttcher, Maike, Daisy Nestler, Jonas Stiller, and Lothar Kroll. "Injection Moulding of Oxide Ceramic Matrix Composites: Comparing Two Feedstocks." Key Engineering Materials 809 (June 2019): 140–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.809.140.

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Ceramic materials are suitable for use in the high temperature range. Oxide ceramics, in particular, have a high potential for long-term applications under thermal cycling and oxidising atmosphere. However, monolithic oxide ceramics are unsuitable for use in high-temperature technical applications because of their brittleness. Thin-walled, oxidation resistant, and high-temperature resistant materials can be developed by reinforcing oxide ceramics with ceramic fibres such as alumina fibres. The increase of the mechanical stability of the composites in comparison to the non-fibre reinforced material is of outstanding importance. Possible stresses or cracks can be derived along the fibre under mechanical stress or deformation. Components made of fibre-reinforced ceramic composites with oxide ceramic matrix (OCMC) are currently produced in manual and price-intensive processes for small series. Therefore, the manufacturing should be improved. The ceramic injection moulding (CIM) process is established in the production of monolithic oxide ceramics. This process is characterised by its excellent automation capability. In order to realise large scale production, the CIM-process should be transferred to the production of fibre-reinforced oxide ceramics. The CIM-process enables the production of complicated component shapes and contours without the need for complex mechanical post-treatment. This means that components with complex geometries can be manufactured in large quantities.To investigate the suitability of the injection moulding process for the production of OCMCs, two different feedstocks and alumina fibres (Nextel 610) were compounded in a laboratory-scale compounder. The fibre volume fractions were varied. In a laboratory-scale injection moulding device, microbending specimens were produced from the compounds obtained in this way. To characterise the test specimens, microstructure examinations and mechanical-static tests were done. It is shown that the injection moulding process is suitable for the production of fibre-reinforced oxide ceramics. The investigations show that the feedstocks used have potential for further research work and for future applications as material components for high-temperature applications in oxidising atmospheres.

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Li, Shu Jie, Yang Wu Mao, and Yue Hui He. "Joining of SiC Ceramic by High Temperature Brazing Using Ni-Cr-SiC Powders as Filler." Key Engineering Materials 336-338 (April 2007): 2394–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.336-338.2394.

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Joining of ceramics is of importance from both technical and economical points of view. Brazing is a widely used process to join ceramics. In order to increase the working temperature and weld strength of joints, a high temperature brazing process using Ni-Cr-SiC powders (consisting of Ni, Cr and SiC powders) as filler to join recrystallized SiC ceramic has been investigated. The obtained optimized technological parameters are joining temperature of 1360°C, holding time of 5min and filler mass of 280mg. Under these conditions the maximum relative bending strength of joints, 70.5%, is achieved. Microstructure and phase analysis reveals that interdiffusions and chemical reactions take place in the weld zone. A reaction layer, of which the major phase is Ni2Si, exists between the welding base material SiC ceramic and the filler reaction product layer, called as interlayer, of which the major phase is Cr23C6.

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Oreshkin, Dmitry V., and V. A. Perfilov. "Environmental and Technical Possibilities of Marble Waste Recycling in Bricks and Sorbents Production." Solid State Phenomena 265 (September 2017): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.265.39.

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The article considers the environmental, technological, and economic problems of recycling at application fine marble waste in the production of facing ceramic bricks by the volumetric coloring method. The environmental and economic feasibility of using fine marble waste is proved. Also the problem of obtaining ceramic sorbents is raised.

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Bustamante, Nohora Alba, Jairo Arturo Escobar, and Marcos Martinón-Torres. "Reverse engineering of ceramic anthropomorphic figurines from the Tumaco archaeological tradition in southwest Colombia." PLOS ONE 16, no. 5 (May 5, 2021): e0250230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250230.

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Traditional studies of archaeological ceramics in Colombia have been largely based on visual and stylistic analyses. Here we introduce frameworks and concepts of reverse engineering as a complementary strategy to develop hypotheses about ceramic manufacture, as a first step to the address possible cross-craft relationships and broader sociocultural parameters affecting technical traditions. Our case study is focused on ceramic figurines recovered from two archaeological sites in southwest Colombia (Inguapí and La Cocotera), both dated to the period of greatest cultural and technological development of the Tumaco tradition (350 BC–AD 350). The results of the analyses including microscopy, XRF, SEM-EDS and XRD revealed two manufacturing pathways within the broader tradition, developed locally and adapted to the natural resources available to each site. These are shown through chemical and mineralogical differences in the raw materials, as well as differences in their preparation and shaping, molding, and modeling processes as observed at the microstructural level. Estimated firing temperatures are under 600°C for La Cocotera, and under 800°C for those of Inguapí, with an inhomogeneous, oxidizing atmosphere probably related to firing in a pit. The superficial characterization shows that all the figurines were painted, with those from Inguapí externally smoothed and polished, and those from La Cocotera covered with a slip. Notwithstanding differences between sites, the ceramic figurines illustrate a particular technical style that undoubtedly conveyed a shared ideological message of cultural affiliation. These results contribute in an innovative way to archaeological ceramic studies in Colombia from a different perspective that is complementary to the more common typological studies.

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Santos, A. A., I. C. Cosentino, and Luis Antonio Genova. "Evaluation of Compaction Behaviour of Spray-Dried Alumina by Hg Porosimetry and SEM." Materials Science Forum 727-728 (August 2012): 740–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.727-728.740.

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The powder compaction process is the most widely used forming technique for shaping ceramic products, since traditional ceramic as floors until advanced ceramics for technical applications. This process is characterized by high productivity but it has a serious problem, namely the density gradient originated during the die cavity filling and the subsequent compaction operation[. Therefore, the process requires a high control of all parameters involved in order to guarantee to obtain samples with high homogeneity of the green density, which ensures a sintered body of high quality and low population of microstructural defects. Thus, it is extremely important to understand the variable that controls the compaction mechanisms and interfere in the homogeneity of the green density along the compacted body.

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Roviras Miñana, Jordi, and Vicente Sarrablo Moreno. "Design of a New Solar Thermal Collector with Ceramic Materials Integrated into the Building Facades." Designs 2, no. 4 (November 1, 2018): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/designs2040044.

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The work presented here aims to demonstrate the technical, architectural, and energy viability of solar thermal collectors made with ceramic materials and their suitability for domestic hot water (DHW) and building heating systems in the Mediterranean climate. The proposal is for the design of a ceramic shell, formed by collector and non-collecting panels, which forms part of the building system itself, and is capable of responding to the basic requirements of a building envelope and harnessing solar energy. Ceramics considerably reduce the final cost of the collector system and offer the new system a variety of compositional and chromatic finishes, occupying the entire building surface and achieving a high degree of architectural integration, although less energy-efficient compared to a conventional metallic collector.

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Andrzejuk, Wojciech, Mateusz Sałuch, Bartosz Zegardło, Elżbieta Szczygielska, Wioletta Żukiewicz-Sobczak, Paweł Sobczak, and Klaudia Wołyńczuk. "Properties of recycled ceramic aggregates specified in WT-1 2014 Aggregates - Technical Requirements." E3S Web of Conferences 49 (2018): 00001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184900001.

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The article presents the results of research on primary recycling properties of ceramic aggregates conducted following the procedures outlined in WT-1 2014 Aggregates - Technical Requirements. The material for the tests was obtained from a company producing sanitary ceramic products. Damaged ceramic products, coming from the factory waste heaps, were transported to the laboratory and crushed. This enabled producing aggregate that was later subjected to tests carried out on the aggregates commonly used in the production of mineral-asphalt mixes applied in making road surfaces. The factors that were examined include the following: the flow rate of fine aggregates (angularity of fine aggregate), fine particles content - methylene blue test, light-weight impurities content, frost resistance, bulk density of grains as well as water absorption determined by pycnometric method. The test results showed that the properties of the recycled aggregates are similar to those included in traditional aggregates used for the production of mineral-asphalt mixes. On the basis of the conducted analyses, the waste ceramic aggregate was recommended for use.

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de Oliveira, Carolina Nascimento, Michelle Pereira Babisk, Fernando Vernilli, Veronica Scarpini Candido, Sergio Neves Monteiro, and Carlos Mauricio Fontes Vieira. "Characterization of a Water Clearing Treatment Residue and Its Application as Clay Ceramic Addition." Materials Science Forum 775-776 (January 2014): 642–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.775-776.642.

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The addition of industrial residues into common red clay ceramic has been, from many decades, an alternative of using other low cost raw materials and, more recently, as an environmentally correct destination for polluting substances. An important residue, known as yellow sludge, is that generated at the water clearing stage (WCS) of a treatment plant by some heavy industries such as an integrated steel making. Since this yellow sludge residue is normally disposed in ways that pollutes water bodies, the objective of the present work was to characterize a WCS yellow sludge and investigate its addition into clay ceramics. The residue was characterized by X-ray fluorescence, particle size distribution and scanning electron microscopy. The addition was carried out up to 7.5 wt% followed by firing at 800oC. The added ceramics were evaluated in terms of water absorption, linear shrinkage, dry apparent density and flexural rupture strength. It was found that the residue addition does not practically alter the ceramic technical properties.

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Selin, Dmitrii V. "Technical and Technological Analysis of Late Bronze Ceramics of the Ordynskoe-12 Settlement (Western Siberia)." Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology 19, no. 5 (2020): 58–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2020-19-5-58-69.

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Purpose. The Ordynskoe-12 Settlement is an important site for the study of the Late Bronze Age in the south of Western Siberia. The ceramic complex allowed the author to characterize the Ordynsky type archaeological sites. There is a syncretism of the material, including components of other archaeological cultures. According to researchers, the ceramic complex of the site reflects the transition from Fedorovskaya culture to Irmenian culture, while the author identifies items close to ceramics of the Yelovskaya, Karasuk and Irmenian cultures, or a transformed version of Yelovskaya culture at a later stage of its existence. Results. A study of the composition of the clay paste revealed seven recipes. The dominant recipes feature an admixture of crushed stone and organic matter, and chamotte and organic matter, which together account for more than half of the studied samples. A separate group consists of samples mixed with crushed stone. Mixed recipes testify to the coexistence of different populations. Conclusion. The data obtained indicate that this settlement is a multicultural archaeological site. Three archaeological cultures coexisted and interacted in its place – Irmenian, Yelovskaya, and an eastern variant of Pakhomovo culture. Imported vessels indicate contacts with southern cultures, however, importing did not become a mass phenomenon until the transition period from the Bronze Age to the Early Iron Age.

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Gonzalez-Gonzalez, Ignacio, Hector deLlanos-Lanchares, Aritza Brizuela-Velasco, Jose-Antonio Alvarez-Riesgo, Santiago Llorente-Pendas, Mariano Herrero-Climent, and Angel Alvarez-Arenal. "Complications of Fixed Full-Arch Implant-Supported Metal-Ceramic Prostheses." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 12 (June 14, 2020): 4250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124250.

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We aimed to assess the biological and mechanical-technical complications and survival rate of implants of full-arch metal-ceramic prostheses, during five years of follow-up. 558 implants (of three different brands) retaining 80 full-arch metal-ceramic prostheses were placed in 65 patients, all of whom were examined annually for biological and mechanical-technical complications during the five years of follow-up. Descriptive statistics and univariate logistic regression were calculated. The cumulative survival rate of the implants was 99.8%, and 98.8% prosthesis-based. Mucositis was the most frequent of the biological complications and peri-implantitis was recorded as 13.8% at restoration-level, 16.9% at patient level and 2.0% at implant level. An implant length greater than 10 mm was shown to be a protective factor against biological complications. The mechanical-technical complications were associated with implant diameter, abutment/implant connection and retention system. Loss of screw access filling was the most frequent prosthetic complication, followed by the fracture of the porcelain. Full-arch metal-ceramic prostheses show a high prevalence of implant and prosthesis survival, with few biological and mechanical-technical complications.

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A., Kazakov, Tishkin A., and Stepanova N. "Ceramics of Kurlek Settlement (northern foothills of Altai)." Teoriya i praktika arkheologicheskikh issledovaniy 33, no. 2 (2021): 157–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/tpai(2021)33(2).-09.

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Ancient pottery has a tremendous information potential for cultural and historical reconstructions. Such source of information requires a comprehensive study. The article presents a comprehensive analysis of a small collection of ceramic fragments (about 200 items) originating from the destroyed cultural layer of the Kurlek settlement in the northern foothills of Altai. According to the shape and ornamentation of the rims, the collection highlights and demonstrates the materials of three known archaeological cultures of the Early Iron Age: Bystryanskaya, Kulaiskaya and Maiminskaya. The results of the technical and technological research are of special importance. Seven different recipes of pottery paste have been recorded. They have been correlated with other identified features of ceramic production. There has been made a conclusion about contacts of the Bystryanskaya culture population with the representatives of the Kulaiskaya historical and cultural community. The Maiminskaya ceramics showed a mixture of different cultural traditions. Having studied the presented materials, there is still need for further considering other available finds within the framework of the mentioned cultures. Keywords: northern foothills of Altai, Kurlek, settlement, fragments of ceramics, Early Iron Age, ornament, technical and technological analysis, Bystryanskaya culture, Kulaiskaya culture, Maiminskaya culture Acknowledgements: The study was partially carried out within the framework of state assignment No. 0329–2019–0003 “Historical and cultural processes in Siberia and adjacent territories” (performer — N. F. Stepanova).

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Liu, Yi, Yan Jiao Zhang, Chen Wang, Gang Wen, and Shi Wei Ren. "Technical Specification Development for Ceramic Tile Type III Environmental Declarations." Materials Science Forum 993 (May 2020): 1481–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.993.1481.

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In order to address increasingly serious global environmental problems and intensified international trade barriers as well as the promotion of production processes by enterprises for the improvement of environmental impacts, Type III environmental declaration has emerged in response to the proper time and condition and gradually developed into an important mean to solve environmental problems. This study, based on the principles and requirements stated in ISO 14025, takes ceramic tile products as the example to discuss about the formulation of technical specifications for life cycle assessment of the ceramic tile, in order to provide methodological basis and technical support for the formulation of technical specifications for the life cycle assessment of other domestic products as well as for the assessment of Type III environmental declaration. AcknowledgementSources of project funds: 13th Five-year National Key R&D Plan “Study on Key Technologies for Certification of Green Products Used in Home Furnishing Field”(No. 2017YFF0211504)

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Journal articles on the topic 'Technical ceramic'

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