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Shirk, Henrietta Nickels. "Technical Writing's Roots in Computer Science: The Evolution from Technician to Technical Writer." Journal of Technical Writing and Communication 18, no. 4 (October 1988): 305–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/l65t-6lj1-pvkr-t6nl.
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The history of Technical Writing closely parallels trends in the discipline of Computer Science. The early technical writers in the computer software industry were its own technicians (programmers and analysts), who used a variety of diagramming techniques to document computer systems. As a result of the widespread availability of computers and software which began in the 1970s, professional communicators joined the software industry and reinterpreted these diagramming techniques from technical source documents into user documentation. The impact of this assimilation process has influenced graphic representations in Technical Writing, as well as created the conceptual metaphors of the “user” and the “module” (which are emerging archetypes). In the past, Technical Writing's historical roots have been the result of reactions to Computer Science. However, the increasing presence of online documentation is now creating opportunities for technical writers to shape their own future by joining with computer scientists as influential equals.
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Gruzova, A. A. "Overcoming Information Barriers during Technical Communication." Scientific and Technical Information Processing 46, no. 2 (April 2019): 90–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s0147688219020102.
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Serafin, Cestmir. "Information Science in Technical Education Process in Czech Republic." International Journal of Engineering Pedagogy (iJEP) 9, no. 5 (November 22, 2019): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijep.v9i5.11142.
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Information and Communication Technologies are one of the basic educa-tions of areas in the Framework Educational Programme for Basic Education to enable students to acquire a basic level of information literacy. The aim is to equip students with elementary skills in operating of computer equipment and modern information and communication technologies, but also to navi-gate in the world of information, creatively work with information and use them in further education and in practical life.
The paper deals with the analysis of the situation and draws conclusions on the system of education in the Czech Republic in the context of the chal-lenges of INDUSTRY 4.0 in response to the capture, the robotics industry and services.
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Gazizov, Andrey, Evgeny Gazizov, Svetlana Gazizova, and Vera Petrova. "Analysis of current problem state in teaching of Computer science and information and communication technologies to higher education students." E3S Web of Conferences 273 (2021): 12005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127312005.
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The article shows different aspects of teaching the subject «Computer science» to the pedagogues-psychologists students according to education standard of Russian Federation. The analysis of teaching the subject to students of technical and humanities universities is carried out. Also the article lists number of skills that students of humanities should get as the result of «Computer science» learning.
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Roy, Debopriyo, and Banri Yasui. "Importance of Technical and Professional Writing Certificate Program in a Japanese Computer Science Context." SHS Web of Conferences 102 (2021): 02008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202110202008.
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Technical communication (TC) as a subject, and more so a department in the university curriculum are few and far between in the Japanese educational context, even with STEM education. As part of this paper, an exploratory pilot study is described explaining the overall importance of such a TC certificate program and how an optional TC feeder course could help students understand the value of the TC and professional communication (PC) discipline for a typical Japanese computer science academic context, in preparation for the job market. Further, such a TC-focused introductory feeder course helps the university administration, students and teachers better understand how computer science as a discipline should also emphasize on technical and professional writing and communication skills in the language curriculum, for better project management, and helping students develop soft skills for the market. Further, another strong argument for such coursework (offered in English as a medium of instruction) is also related to developing students’ entrepreneurial and transition skills for the market. This paper highlighted on one such rare certificate program and feeder course in the computer science (CS) department of a Japanese technical university which helped students understand the scope of the market, how technical communication as a discipline has wide-ranging opportunities, besides helping students develop basic understanding of content areas such as manual and information design, usability, content management and delivery, technical language, visualisation etc. Finally, the paper ends with a discussion of a few of the well-known TC certificate programs and TC organizational infrastructure in the US academia, and how we can catch up with that trend in Japanese higher education.
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Editorial office, TATuP. "Konferenz "Computer Science, Communication and Society: A Technical and Cultural Challange"." TATuP - Zeitschrift für Technikfolgenabschätzung in Theorie und Praxis 2, no. 1 (February 1, 1993): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.14512/tatup.2.1.25.
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Etlinger, Henry A. "A framework in which to teach (technical) communication to computer science majors." ACM SIGCSE Bulletin 38, no. 1 (March 31, 2006): 122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1124706.1121380.
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Editorial office, TATuP. "Konferenzband zur Tagung: Computer Science, Communication and Society: A Technical and Cultural Challange." TATuP - Zeitschrift für Technikfolgenabschätzung in Theorie und Praxis 2, no. 4 (December 1, 1993): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14512/tatup.2.4.37.
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Ustinova, Irina G., Olga V. Rozhkova, and Natalia S. Nikolaeva. "Using Screencasts in Computer Science Classes at a Technical University." ITM Web of Conferences 35 (2020): 03018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20203503018.
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The information technologies applications in various fields of human activity are developing exponentially now. The article considers possibility of using screencasting in a computer science course at a technical university. Screencast is a video that contains a record of actions performed on a computer with the author’s comments. The advantages and disadvantages of this technology in the learning process are considered. It is noted that the technology of on-screen video is distinguished by information richness and strong emotional effect on the student. The application of screencasting in computer science classes at the Tomsk Polytechnic University using the mathematical package MathCad, which has the means to solve all kinds of problems associated with symbolic operations, is presented. The motivation for this study is to increase the student learning process effectiveness. Therefore, the objectives of the study are: to study the possibility of screencasting in the student learning process organization, to study the possibility of using this technology during studying a computer science course, to find out how effectively this method allows to master knowledge in the relevant discipline. The results of study using this technology and the traditional method are analyzed. It is shown that the use of screencasting allows to improve the test results in comparison with the group trained by the traditional method.
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Wang, Yue. "On the Application of Digital Video Watermarking Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 496-500 (January 2014): 2196–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.496-500.2196.
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Digital watermarkingtechnology as an emerging interdisciplinary application of technology is animportant branch of information hiding science . It combines differenttheoretical and technical disciplines , such as information theory,communication theory , signal processing, random probability theory , codingtheory , optimization theory , fuzzy theory, detection theory , matrixanalysis, pattern recognition , cryptography , computer science and networktechnology, algorithm design , etc., but also including legal and other issues. Digital watermarking of multimedia information security field as the currenthot technology , has received international academic community and the businesscommunity 's attention [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
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Anderson, Ross, and Tyler Moore. "Information security: where computer science, economics and psychology meet." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 367, no. 1898 (July 13, 2009): 2717–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2009.0027.
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Until ca. 2000, information security was seen as a technological discipline, based on computer science but with mathematics helping in the design of ciphers and protocols. That perspective started to change as researchers and practitioners realized the importance of economics. As distributed systems are increasingly composed of machines that belong to principals with divergent interests, incentives are becoming as important to dependability as technical design. A thriving new field of information security economics provides valuable insights not just into ‘security’ topics such as privacy, bugs, spam and phishing, but into more general areas of system dependability and policy. This research programme has recently started to interact with psychology. One thread is in response to phishing, the most rapidly growing form of online crime, in which fraudsters trick people into giving their credentials to bogus websites; a second is through the increasing importance of security usability; and a third comes through the psychology-and-economics tradition. The promise of this multidisciplinary research programme is a novel framework for analysing information security problems—one that is both principled and effective.
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YUSOF, MOHD KAMIR, Andrew Abel, Md Yazid Saman, and Mohd Nordin Abdul Rahman. "Adoption of near field communication in S-Library application for information science." New Library World 116, no. 11/12 (November 9, 2015): 728–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/nlw-02-2015-0014.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to first review the implementation of automatic identification and data capture) technologies in library/information science, focusing on barcode technology, radio frequency identification (RFID) and near field communication (NFC). This paper then presents S-Library, a new android-based application, to enable users to perform a wide range of information science-related transactions, such as borrowing, searching, returning and viewing transaction records. Design/methodology/approach – This paper presents the design process and the database and software components. For analysis, the authors used application testing, and also usability testing, with a questionnaire distributed to 343 users. Findings – The implementation of NFC technology means that S-Library has a number of technical advantages over other approaches. It was also shown with user acceptance testing that there was a high degree of user satisfaction with S-Library. Research limitations/implications – Although the findings combine technical assessment and usability testing and are extremely positive, further user evaluation could be performed. In addition, S-Library does not currently read existing RFID tags, which would improve the application further. Practical implications – The system proposed here shows that S-Library is a feasible approach taken to improve the library transaction experience and that it can replace and improve upon older technologies. Originality/value – This paper provides a first successful demonstration of a functioning and tested android and NFC-based library transaction system and shows that this approach generates a high degree of user reliability.
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Merjem Rustempašić, Sanela, and Matej Livančić. "The application of information and communication technology in education: science classes." Metodički obzori 15, no. 2 (29) (July 5, 2021): 67–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.32728/mo.15.2.2020.04.
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This article examines the use of information and communication technology (ICT) in teaching Science as well as the organisation and realisation of online classes during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. In respect to this, the research results are used to gather teachers' viewpoints and opinions regarding the application of ICT in Science classes, as well as to determine the best method of application of the aforementioned technologies and the form of ICT most often used in Science classes. The results are also used to gather teachers' opinions about online classes, and to examine the problems and disadvantages the teachers encountered when organising and holding online Science classes for the lower grades of elementary schools in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of the research also illustrate that teachers have a positive opinion in regards to the use of ICT in Science classes as well as the frequent (albeit not constant) use of it. The teachers not only consider themselves competent enough to apply all forms of new technologies in their classes, but express the will and motivation for further education related to ICT application as well. On the other hand, teachers do not have a positive opinion about online classes due to the many difficulties they encounter, such as technical issues, inteference by parents, lack of direct contact with students, the inability to monitor their progress and the general deficiency of equipment needed to incorporate ICT into regular classes, as well as other difficulties of a similar nature. However, the research results also show that teachers believe new technologies are connected to the development of new skills and the improvement of students' existing skills.
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Pitrelli, Nico. "Big data and digital methods in science communication research: opportunities, challenges and limits." Journal of Science Communication 16, no. 02 (June 21, 2017): C01. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/2.16020301.
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Computational social science represents an interdisciplinary approach to the study of reality based on advanced computer tools. From economics to political science, from journalism to sociology, digital approaches and techniques for the analysis and management of large quantities of data have now been adopted in several disciplines. The papers in this JCOM commentary focus on the use of such approaches and techniques in the research on science communication. As the papers point out, the most significant advantages of a computational approach in this sector include the chance to open up a range of new research opportunities: from the study of technical and scientific controversies to citizen science, from the definition of new norms and practices for science journalism to open science issues. On the other hand, difficulties are shared with other areas of application. The main risk is that the large quantity of data available can overwhelm the importance of theory. Instead, as the papers in this commentary demonstrate, big data should push scientists to pursue a deeper epistemological and methodological reflection also in the research on science communication.
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Treadwell, D. F. "Commentary: A New Role for Technical Communication." Journal of Technical Writing and Communication 18, no. 3 (July 1988): 263–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/44p5-1p1f-0agd-83a3.
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Increasing public involvement in science and technology suggests a new role for technical communication in which conventional skills of adapting technical content to audience needs may be replaced by skills that facilitate audiences' own information search activities. This article outlines the reasons for the emergence of this new role, and some of the practical implications.
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Noga, Henryk, Tomasz Nesterak, and Maria Katarzyna Grzegorzewska. "AUTHORITY OF TEACHER OF TECHNICAL AND COMPUTER SCIENCE BASED ON STUDENTS OPINION." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 1 (May 26, 2017): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2017vol1.2277.
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Teacher profession has entails a huge responsibility. At work of a teacher, his character traits are key. Today, in the era of mass media, when in every home we can find a computer connected to the Internet, it is difficult to teacher to have the authority in students eyes. The main objective of this study is to learn about the level the teacher's authority of technical subjects - information technology.
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Bazyleva, Elena. "SPSTL SB RAS is an integrator of science news information." Scientific and Technical Libraries, no. 10 (October 1, 2017): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33186/1027-3689-2017-10-15-23.
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Science news is one of the most important ways of science communication contributing a lot to the popularization of science. The problem of science news dissemination and its various ways and methods efficiency analysis can be solved by the design of information analysis system for news aggregation from different sources. The author describes the experience of the State Public Scientific Technical Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science in providing academic community’s awareness of the current events in the world of science. The new phase of the library's work to integrate news scientific data - the project "Siberian Science News" as the integrated information product comprising various types of information (factual, bibliographic, full-text) is introduced. The www-site "Siberian Science News" use monitoring data and the analysis of some web analytics metrics characterizing user behavior are presented.
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Bidaybekov, Ye Y., Y. K. Khenner, Sh T. Shekerbekova, and Y. Н. Zhabayev. "ON THE ISSUE OF TRAINING FUTURE COMPUTER SCIENCE TEACHERS IN COMPUTER." BULLETIN Series of Physics & Mathematical Sciences 72, no. 4 (September 29, 2020): 174–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2020-4.1728-7901.27.
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The article discusses of training future computer science teachers in computer networks based on network simulation. Analysis of scientific and pedagogical and educational literature has shown that in the training of computer science teachers, computer networks are studied in the aspect of information simulation of their structures, while simulation the processes of their functioning is not given due attention, despite the possibility of its use in the organization of training. Most educational institutions face organizational, technical and material difficulties when organizing training in computer networks on real equipment. The above-mentioned difficulties in training future computer science teachers in computer networks can be avoided by using network simulation. By network simulation, we mean reproducing a dynamic image of the main network components (network cables, switches, hubs, routers, etc.) and visualization the processes of their configuration and operation on the computer screen.
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Valletta, Clement L., and Robert A. Paoletti. "“In-Determinacy” in Science and Discourse: A Rhetoric of Disciplinary Levels." Journal of Technical Writing and Communication 25, no. 1 (January 1995): 27–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/af6r-gmgb-e2h4-3pa5.
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Research and writing often begin with a play of determinacy and indeterminacy, or “in-determinacy” Do. Other disciplinary levels include invention and presuppositions D1, formal findings D2, and technical and media products D3. This rhetorical approach leads, here, to identifying levels and relationships; tracing cross-disciplinary information and dominant influences; applying the results to specific cases in science, literary criticism, ethics, and technical writing; thus, suggesting a typology for furthering such dialogue.
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Ferreira, Carlos Miguel, and Sandro Serpa. "Photography in Social Science Research." Journal of Educational and Social Research 10, no. 4 (July 10, 2020): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/jesr-2020-0065.
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Visual communication is critical in contemporary societies. Research in social sciences increasingly tends to mobilize the image, for example, in the form of photography, in its processes (in the collection and interpretation of information) and products (in the communication of research results), which leads to the need to reflect critically on its specificities. This paper aims to add to the analysis of the potentialities, limitations and challenges of the use of photography in social sciences research. For this purpose, the paper presents and discusses empirically collected documentary expressions, selected from an organizational case study based on their heuristic capacity to illustrate the argumentation put forth herein. It is concluded that the potential of the use of photography in research in social sciences is high, but it is essential that the researcher considers, besides more technical aspects and ethical complexities, that photography is, in part, also the materialization of a certain socially constructed representation of reality.
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Asrowardi, Imam, Septafiansyah Dwi Putra, Eko Subyantoro, and Norzaidi Haji Mohd Daud. "IT Service Management System Measurement using ISO20000-1 and ISO15504-8: Developing a Solution-Mediated Process Assessment Tool to Enable Transparent and SMS Process Assessment." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, no. 5 (October 1, 2018): 4023. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp4023-4032.
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Information technology is about not only hardware, software, communication infrastructure and communication infrastructure but also how to manage services. Information technology plays an increasingly important role in developing the structure and functions of public and private sectors. Service measurement plays an important role in IT service management (ITSM) that is one of the subfields of Services Computing science. ITSM is a big part of service science, a science field that combines computer science, operation research engineering, business strategy, management science, and organizational theory. Performance measurement from each of IT services is absolutely needed and is important in the continuous development of ITSM. These research provide good technical knowledge about the measuring ITSM with some requirements. In this paper we suggest the metrics in each service processes enables organizations to predict a direction for active process enhancement and to identify if the goal of process can achieve. This objective process metrics based on ISO/IEC 15504-8 and PRM ISO/IEC 20000-4 refinement. The output of this research, in the form of metrics and tools for any type organizational use.
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Paramonova, I. E. "Information Interactions: The Criteria of the Choice of Communication Channels in a Scientific and Technical Library." Scientific and Technical Information Processing 46, no. 3 (July 2019): 181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s0147688219030067.
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Potnis, Devendra Dilip. "Applying Information Science Lens for Advancing Critical Research on IT Adoption." International Journal of Technology Diffusion 6, no. 1 (January 2015): 76–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijtd.2015010105.
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Critical research on IT adoption dominated by cognitive models grounded in psychology and communication is always in search of new theoretical perspectives to understand, explain, and interpret social issues. Since information plays an important role in IT adoption, this study applies an information science lens to investigate the factors affecting the continued usage of mobile phones in rural India. Analysis of interviews with 22 women earning less than a dollar day reveals the influence of social, economic, cognitive, technological, and information-related factors on their continued usage of mobiles. Micro- and meso-level socioeconomic motives and active information-seeking behavior emerge as the most significant factors encouraging respondents to continue using mobiles against several technical and human barriers. The application of information science lens yields three constructs and ten micro-, meso-, and macro-level variables, advancing critical research on IT adoption with the help of a theoretical lens outside of psychology and communication literature.
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Zeng, Zilong, Yong Li, Yijia Cao, Yirui Zhao, Junjie Zhong, Denis Sidorov, and Xiangcheng Zeng. "Blockchain Technology for Information Security of the Energy Internet: Fundamentals, Features, Strategy and Application." Energies 13, no. 4 (February 17, 2020): 881. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13040881.
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In order to ensure the information security, most of the important information including the data of advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) in the energy internet is currently transmitted and exchanged through the intranet or the carrier communication. The former increases the cost of network construction, and the latter is susceptible to interference and attacks in the process of information dissemination. The blockchain is an emerging decentralized architecture and distributed computing paradigm. Under the premise that these nodes do not need mutual trust, the blockchain can implement trusted peer-to-peer communication for protecting the important information by adopting distributed consensus mechanisms, encryption algorithms, point-to-point transmission and smart contracts. In response to the above issues, this paper firstly analyzes the information security problems existing in the energy internet from the four perspectives of system control layer, device access, market transaction and user privacy. Then blockchain technology is introduced, and its working principles and technical characteristics are analyzed. Based on the technical characteristics, we propose the multilevel and multichain information transmission model for the weak centralization of scheduling and the decentralization of transaction. Furthermore, we discuss that the information transmission model helps solve some of the information security issues from the four perspectives of system control, device access, market transaction and user privacy. Application examples are used to illustrate the technical features that benefited from the blockchain for the information security of the energy internet.
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Barocas, Solon, danah boyd, Sorelle Friedler, and Hanna Wallach. "Social and Technical Trade-Offs in Data Science." Big Data 5, no. 2 (June 2017): 71–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/big.2017.29020.stt.
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Danielewicz-Betz, Anna, and Tatsuki Kawaguchi. "Gaining Hands-on Experience via Collaborative Learning: Interactive Computer Science Courses." International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) 10, no. 3 (June 26, 2015): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v10i3.4510.
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In this paper we report on the practical outcomes of Software Studio (SS) undergraduate course, but also on a graduate Software Engineering for Internet Applications (SEIA) course, both of which are taught collaboratively by IT and non-IT faculty members. In the latter, students are assigned to projects proposed by actual customers and work together in teams to deliver quality results under time and resource constraints. We are interested in the learning results, such as skills acquired, e.g. by analysing the interaction between students and customers to determine how and to what degree the students transform through project based collaborative learning. As for the SEIA course, the primary goal is to allow students to manage a relatively large number of tools with little prior knowledge and having to work out how to obtain detailed information about given features, when required. In other words, students have to understand the key ideas of web application development in order to be able not only to apply technical knowledge, but also to successfully interact with all the stakeholders involved. In the process, we look for the added value of collaborative teaching, aiming at equipping the participants with both technical and non-technical skills required for their prospective jobs.
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Gelenbe, Erol, Guy Brasseur, Luc Chefneux, Véronique Dehant, Véronique Halloin, Jean-Paul Haton, Michel Judkiewicz, Bernard Rentier, and Romain Weikmans. "On sharing knowledge and fostering "open science"." Ubiquity 2021, May (May 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3462221.
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The crucial importance of science and technology and its accurate peer reviewed dissemination, has once again been demonstrated during the current pandemic. Thus the COVID-19 pandemic together with the inevitable energy transition required by climate change, lead us to consider the issue of scientific and technical communication, both for the written papers and proceedings that have largely moved online (but not always in open access), and the various types of seminars, workshops, and symposia that frequently involve air travel with substantial CO2 impact. Online meetings that have become recently very popular, as well as online repositories for publications, themselves have a significant CO2---as well as environmental---impact, due to the massive use of electricity by information and communication technologies (ICT) and of the environmentally unfriendly manufacturing processes and decommissioning of ICT equipment. Presented is a broad overview of these aspects, and some recommendations regarding the future organization of scientific and technical communication, including: (1) peer-reviewed journals and proceedings with online open access; (2) the importance of face to face seminars and symposia, together with online meetings, to maintain the serendipity and importance of direct human contact while reducing the need for air travel; (3) the peer evaluation of research and of academic and research staff and its dependence on publications and their qualitative---rather than excessively quantitative---evaluation, where the concept of impact should include the usefulness of research to education, industry and society; (4) and the crucial role of ICT in all these aspects and the questions raised by the sustainability of ICT itself.
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Zubaydulla Kizi, Teshaboyeva Nafisa, and Isanova Visola Oybekovna. "Pragmatic Peculiarities Of Scientific And Technical Texts." American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations 03, no. 03 (March 31, 2021): 398–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/volume03issue03-61.
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The article deals with the main characteristics of scientific and technical texts in terms of pragmatic science. Communicative and pragmatic characteristics of scientific and technical texts are considered in present article as well as other important constituents of pragmatic relations, such as communicative intention, content, composition, participants of scientific communication and signature style. Theoretical principles of pragmatic text research on the basis of national and foreign researchers’ concepts have been analyzed. The main participants of scientific and technical communication, namely addresser and addressee have been considered as the key constituents required for establishing communicative and pragmatic situation, communicative intention conveying and realization of communicative and pragmatic potential. The emphasis has been put on pragmatic functions, namely informative, cognitive, persuasive, explanatory, communicative and didactic as well as their actualization in scientific text. Being in the scope of our interest, scientific and technical texts are built under the influence of extralinguistic factors such as background information or diversified interests of the participants of communication.
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Sager, Juan C. "What's wrong with "terminology work" and "terminology science"?" Terminology 1, no. 2 (January 1, 1994): 375–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/term.1.2.09sag.
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The polysemy of "terminology " is a well-established fact which has obsessed many writers on the subject and confused many interpretations of otherwise clearly argued texts. But desperate situations should not lead to desperate measures, such as importing unsuitable designations into English when the language has all the linguistic means required for establishing genuine English technical terms.
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Drechsler, Andreas. "Designing to Inform: Toward Conceptualizing Practitioner Audiences for Socio-technical Artifacts in Design Science Research in the Information Systems Discipline." Informing Science: The International Journal of an Emerging Transdiscipline 18 (2015): 031–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2288.
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This paper identifies areas in the design science research (DSR) subfield of the information systems (IS) discipline where a more detailed consideration of practitioner audiences of socio-technical design artifacts could improve current IS DSR research practice and proposes an initial conceptualization of these audiences. The consequences of not considering artifact audiences are identified through a critical appraisal of the current informing science lenses in the IS DSR literature. There are specific shortcomings in four areas: 1) treating practice stakeholders as a too homogeneous group, 2) not explicitly distinguishing between social and technical parts of socio-technical artifacts, 3) neglecting implications of the artifact abstraction level, and 4) a lack of explicit consideration of a dynamic or evolutionary fitness perspective of socio-technical artifacts. The findings not only pave the way for future research to further improve the conceptualization of artifact audiences, in order to improve the informing power – and thus, impact on practice and research relevance – of IS DSR projects; they can also help to bridge the theory-practice gap in other disciplines (e.g. computer science, engineering, or policy-oriented sociology) that seek to produce social and/or technical artifacts of practical relevance.
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Koskosas, Ioannis. "Communicating information systems goals: A case in internet banking security." Computer Science and Information Systems 6, no. 1 (2009): 71–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/csis0901071k.
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A large part of information systems (IS) security approaches is technical in nature with less consideration on people and organizational issues. The research presented in this paper adopts a broader perspective and presents an understanding of IS security in terms of a social and organizational perspective. In doing so, it uses the communication of risk messages among the members of IT groups in setting Internet banking goals in order to identify any weaknesses in security management procedures. The novel approach of this investigation is that explores and presents the issues of risk communication and goal setting in Internet banking security through indepth interviews within three case studies. That said, it promotes an interdisciplinary and inter-organizational theory which fosters a new dialog that transcends security industry specific contexts as opposed to other studies. Interview results suggest how an effective setting of Internet banking security goals can be achieved through specific considerations for improving the communication of security messages. The research contributes to interpretive information systems with the study of risk communication and goal setting in an Internet banking security context.
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Silver, David. "Technical perspective: Solving imperfect information games." Communications of the ACM 60, no. 11 (October 24, 2017): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3131286.
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Guneri Sahin, Yasar, and Ufuk Celikkan. "Information Technology Asymmetry and Gaps Between Higher Education Institutions and Industry." Journal of Information Technology Education: Research 19 (2020): 339–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4553.
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Aim/Purpose: This paper investigates the gaps between industry and academia perceptions of information technology fields, such as computer science, software engineering, and computer engineering, and it identifies areas of asymmetry between curricula and industry expectations. The study mainly focuses on the skills required of IT professionals (graduated students) and on how higher education institutes equip students for industry. Background: Higher education institutes have several IT-related departments. However, it is not clear whether these departments have sufficient content to equip students with industry-related skills. Rapid advances mean that some curriculum topics are redundant before the end of a standard two- or four-year degree programs. Balancing the technical/non-technical skills and adjusting the curricula to better prepare the students for industry is a constant demand for higher education institutions. Several studies have demonstrated that a generic curriculum is inadequate to address current IT industry needs. Methodology: The study involved a comprehensive survey of IT professionals and companies using a Web-based questionnaire sent directly to individual companies, academics, and employers. 64 universities and 38 companies in 24 countries were represented by the 209 participants, of whom 99 were IT professionals, 72 academics, and 38 employers. Contribution: This paper is intended to guide academics in preparing dynamic curricula that can be easily adapted to current industry trends and technological developments, with content directly relevant to student’s careers. In addition, the results may identify the skills that students need to secure employment and the courses that will provide skills in line with current industry trends. Findings: The results indicate a lack of emphasis on personal and non-technical skills in undergraduate education compared to general computer science, software development, and coding courses. Employers’ and software experts’ responses emphasize that soft skills should not be ignored, and that, of these, analytical thinking and teamwork are the two most requested. Rather than a theoretical emphasis, courses should include hands-on projects. Rapid developments and innovations in information technologies demand that spiral and waterfall models are replaced with emerging software development models, such as Agile and Scrum development. Recommendations for Practitioners: A multidisciplinary approach should be taken to the teaching of soft skills, such as communication, ethics, leadership, and customer relations. Establishing multiple learning tracks in IT education would equip students with specialized knowledge and skills in IT. An effective communication channel should be established between students and industry. It is also important to reduce the distance between academics and students and to provide an interactive environment for technical discussions. Enterprise level computing and Framework use provide job market advantages. Recommendation for Researchers: Researchers and department heads, particularly those involved in curriculum design and accreditation, could use the results of this exemplary study to identify key topics for attention. Impact on Society: Changes of various degrees are required in the current curricula in many higher education institutions to better meet student needs. Societies and technology are dynamic in nature, and information technology-related curricula in higher education institutions should be equally dynamic. Future Research: Since technology (especially information technology) transforms and advances itself so rapidly, this study should be replicated t to investigate how these changes affect the gap between revised curricula and current industry expectations.
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Aibar, Eduard. "A critical analysis of information society conceptualizations from an STS point of view." tripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique. Open Access Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society 8, no. 2 (July 6, 2010): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.31269/vol8iss2pp177-182.
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Science and Technology Studies (STS) have developed over the last four decades very rich and deep analysis of the interaction between science, technology and society. This paper uses some STS theoretical and methodological insights and findings to identify persistent misconceptions in the specific literature on ICTs and society. Technological deterministic views, the taken-for-granted image of technological designs, the prospective character of many studies that focus mainly on potential effects, a simplistic view of uses and users, and an uncritical distinction between the technical and the social, are discussed as some of the most remarkable theoretical flaws in the field.
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Roy, Debopriyo. "Preface: Educational Technology, Language and Technical Communication (ETLTC2020): Connecting the Dots." SHS Web of Conferences 77 (2020): 00001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20207700001.
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This preface is an attempt to highlight how ETLTC2020 took an interdisciplinary approach to understand different research topics in the fields of educational technology, language and technical communication, and special topics in computer science, biomedical engineering and smart cities. This was a forum to explore how these different topics have different objectives and goals but how the researchers could collaborate and network towards more interdisciplinary research in these different areas of applied linguistics. Importantly, this conference was also an opportunity for student-student collaboration preparing them with project management and intercultural communication skills for the future workplace.
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Pushkaryeva, T. P., and V. V. Kalitina. "The Blended Learning Science Training." Open Education 24, no. 2 (April 22, 2020): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/1818-4243-2020-2-39-46.
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Purpose of research. In conditions of digitalization of society and economy, information is considered to be the main value, not the material wealth. That is, information and information technologies are of particular importance today. Since the term “informatics" means both information science and the whole field related to the use of information and communication technologies, it can be concluded that the importance of students’ training in informatics, regardless of the specialty chosen, is increased. The main aim of the work is to identify the most effective technology of students’ training in informatics at the technical university, as representatives of the digital generation and to organize from these positions the methodology of training in informatics in the digital educational environment.Materials and methods. This article analyzed two models of training: face-to-face and electronic training revealed their positive and negative aspects. It has been established that in modern conditions of digitalization of society and education it is possible to optimally combine strengths of traditional education with advantages of electronic training technologies. The blended technology of the informatics training of the technical university students is offered as a harmonious combination of face-to-face and electronic training technologies. The use of blended learning technology in the informatics training leads to a change of the lecturer role and a reorganization of both the content of the discipline and the methods and means of learning. The reference points are the requirements for the specialists of digital society, the peculiarities of the digital generation of students and the principles of digital didactics, which ensure the formation and development of the competences required today.Results. The stages of design of the course “Informatics" on the blended training technology are described: design of the results of training on discipline; development of evaluation activities; development of a system of interaction between participants. According to the principles of the personal-centered approach to training, the content of the discipline has a modular structure. This allows the student to create their individual trajectory of informatics learning. In order to take into account the peculiarities of perception of information by representatives of the digital generation, the content of the course is presented using traditional methodology and nonlinear technologies of informatics training: concentric, parallel and cognitive; lectures are given as text, presentations and infographics; for each module a mental map is created, allowing to cover the content of the module in its entirety and study it not sequentially, but at its own discretion. Each module specifies the respective objectives and expected results of the training with an indication of the level on Bloom taxonomy. Control questions for theoretical material, execution of practical tasks, intermediate and final testing by module are identified as evaluation measures.Conclusion. It is shown that training in informatics according to a blended model provides an increase in the level of students ’ motivation to learn and the level of theoretical material understanding; increasing their level of activity in the informatics learning in the information and educational environment and forming communication competences; students mastering new activities; flexibility, mobility, and learning availability. All this in the end contributes to the formation of competences required for successful professional activity in modern conditions.
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F. Recher, Harry. "Good English, God?s Nature: Science Education." Pacific Conservation Biology 14, no. 1 (2008): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc080003.
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What makes an educated scientist? Expert knowledge, including an understanding of experimental design and data analysis, is essential to being an innovative scientist and a leader in one?s field, but it is only part of a scientist?s education and may not even be the most important part. Paul Ehrlich and I have been fond of saying that research is not complete until it is published; communication skills are also essential to being a good scientist (Recher and Ehrlich 1999). However, communication is more than just being able to exchange ideas and information with colleagues sharing a common technical language; leaders among scientists communicate with a much wider audience, including the lay public (Recher and Ehrlich 1999, 2005). Being able to communicate with a wider audience requires different skills from those needed to speak with one?s peers. Few scientists have these skills and the fault lies with the way scientists are educated and in the ways the scientific community has chosen to measure the quality of scientific endeavour (Recher 1992a,b, 1998, 2006).
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Sosnin, Oleksandr. "The right to information activity of citizens as the source of the establishment of a new integrated communication science." Legal Ukraine, no. 1 (December 19, 2019): 10–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.37749/2308-9636-2020-1(205)-2.
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The whole set of political, legal, scientific, educational and economic relations in society and the state absorbs its information and communication space. This is where all the concepts of the various sciences that study the material and virtual world are interpreted today. Political science as a social science cannot stand aside in this process. In turbulent conditions, it simultaneously differentiates and integrates the problems that make up its structural content. Activities of the authorities and their relations with civil society; political institutions, processes and systems; technologies of political activity and motivation of political behavior; political aspects of international relations and the problem of supranational power, everything is interested in political science, where today is the conceptualization of ideas of organization of global information and communication space – the spheres of generation, interpretation and consumption of information, the question of interaction of information actors in science, education, economic or political activities use a single information and communication environment. There is no doubt that the digital world we are entering is not only a new logical stage in the development of the technological sphere of humanity, but a transition of the existing political-legal and socio-political systems to a new dimension of reality. Digital technologies are already rapidly grasping the footholds for advancement in all spheres of society, and digitalization is becoming a trend in modern development, however, it will require ever more in-depth work to develop ever more effective ways of legal regulation of various information and communication relations, as well as effective organizational and legal support for informatization of the state. The complexity of this area is due to the fact that virtually all social and industrial relations have an information component, and therefore the information and legal nature are all norms of interaction in different sectors and spheres of citizens. For example, relationships that arise: in the production and dissemination of information by the media; when applying the organizational and legal mechanisms of its security; at creation and functioning of the state automated information and communication systems. Legal regulation of information relations and social production activities in the information and communication sphere (infosphere), one way or another, affect the organization of all political institutes and processes engaged in the process of creating all targeted programs to improve national, state and personal security of citizens of any country, normatively – legal acts, including laws on relations, which represent the subject of a new field of law integrated with the technical sciences – information law, which practically emerged 20–25 years . Both political science and jurisprudence are still amorphous enough and are not actively defining the scope of their tasks, but they exist and require their decision. Analysis of global trends in the development of mankind in the XXI century suggests that the further development of states will occur in the face of enormous technological and psycho-emotional challenges and risks associated with digital inequality of citizens, however, and under such conditions, the formation of societies and their policies is already happening today, military affairs and, of course, science and education. Risks are the foundation of a fundamentally new economy (knowledge-based economy), the basis of competitiveness in countries where new high-tech breakthrough technologies are being created based on digitized information. The digital economy is defined as an economy based on the digital use of digital information and communication technologies (ICTs), however, they do not take into account that digital technologies of information and knowledge processing are becoming, today, the energy that conceptually changes the organization of information and communication. Areas – Areas of processing (production, interpretation, communication) and consumption of information. The information space is changing – as a sphere of interaction of information actors who use a single information environment. Traditionally, the information environment refers to the totality of information infrastructure, ICTs and tools, as well as organizational and legal structures that represent the organizational, material and legal conditions for the existence and functioning of information actors. The basis (central part) of the information environment is not only the information and communication infrastructure – a set of interconnected communications, information systems and information resources, but also the ability of countries to adequately fulfill the political and legal conditions for its development. Key words: information, informatization, information and communication technologies, information and communication security, information and communication activity, information space, information war, humanities, scientific and educational policy, information legislation.
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Calbay, Francis Raymond. "Technology Transfer Mediations of Technical Writers: Perspectives from the Philippine Software Industry." Journal of Information & Knowledge Management 09, no. 04 (December 2010): 365–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219649210002747.
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In their attempts to communicate innovation, technical writers produce what Everett Rogers calls "technology-embodied information," per the Diffusion of Innovations theory. This study focuses on technical writers working for multinational software firms in the Philippines and seeks to explain their function as gatekeepers in the information traffic between development centres and software users. The practices of technical writers — representative of eight software companies — are collected, described, and analysed according to qualitative design. The study uses the focus group discussion as its primary research tool, triangulated by portfolio and process documentation analyses. Key themes are presented in step-flow. The study illustrates technical communication tasks such as user profiling, knowledge capture, and information delivery within the framework of technology transfer.
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Díaz Nafría, José María, and Basil M. Al Hadithi. "Are “the semantic aspects” actually “irrelevant to the engineering problem”?" tripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique. Open Access Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society 7, no. 2 (November 18, 2009): 300–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.31269/vol7iss2pp300-308.
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At the beginning of his famous “Mathematical Theory of Communication” (MTC), Shannon removes the semantic questions from the technical task, and such exoneration seems to be commonly accepted, even for those who certainly care for ‘semantic questions’. However, the MTC communication model itself is built upon this fundamental assumption, which at the same time is used in other information theories and –even with wider practical consequences– as a design pattern for the Information Technologies. When the human communication is more and more dependant with respect to information technologies, the suitability of the communication model used to design the technological systems has to be put into scope. Non essential element needed to establish a proper human communication should be omitted; otherwise this technology could isolate people, betraying its hypothetical purpose. Comparing the technological model to other based on several pragmatic theories of communication (emerged in linguistics, semiotic, psychology and anthropology) is shown the insufficiency of the technological model, pointing out some elements that a new model should not forget.
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Jones, Simon. "Doing social network ethics: a critical, interdisciplinary approach." Information Technology & People 30, no. 4 (November 6, 2017): 910–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/itp-04-2016-0093.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose an inter-disciplinary approach to the ethics of social networking services (SNS) that connects critical analysis with the doing of ethics in terms of both pedagogic and technological practice. Design/methodology/approach Primarily conceptual and discursive, drawing on theoretical concepts from a broad, inter-disciplinary field. These concepts are integrated into a multi-dimensional framework that proceeds through four sequential stages: socio-economic, ethical, legal and practical/professional. Particular instances of SNS are used as illustrative examples. Findings The evaluation of ethical issues can be enriched by broader, holistic approaches that take account of the socio-economic, technical and legal contexts in which SNS technologies are designed, deployed and used. Inter-disciplinary approaches have the potential to generate new connections and possibilities for both the teaching and the professional practice of ethics. Practical implications Applied ethics are used to consider practical solutions that explore regulatory measures and envision alternative models of social networking. The approach proposed has practical value for teachers and students of computer ethics, as well as for IT practitioners. Originality/value This paper synthesises elements from media, communication and cultural studies, science and technology, information systems and computer science. The paper offers a strategy of inquiry to understand various aspects of SNS ethics – legal, socio-economic and technical. It presents a methodology for thinking about and doing ethics which can be used by IT practitioners.
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Sturloni, Giancarlo. "A lesson from L’Aquila: the risks of science (mis)communication." Journal of Science Communication 11, no. 04 (December 21, 2012): E. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/2.11040501.
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On 22 October 2012, six members of a technical-scientific consultancy agency of the Italian Civil Protection were found guilty of multiple manslaughter and sentenced to six years in prison by the court in L’Aquila. According to the prosecution, days before the earthquake that devastated the town of L’Aquila on 6 April 2009 killing 309 people, the experts failed to correctly alert the population on the actual seismic risk. The sentence was widely interpreted as an attack to science, penalised for not accurately predicting the quake. Actually, the defendants were accused of having deprived the citizens of information that may have saved their lives. This story does not hide any attack to science. On the contrary, this is the demonstration of the high regard the civil society has for the opinions of the experts. But in the so-called risk society, access to information is an inalienable right of the citizens. Beyond the legal aspects, the impression is that the lesson from L’Aquila can mark a point of no return in the relations between science and society.
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Ribes, David. "STS, Meet Data Science, Once Again." Science, Technology, & Human Values 44, no. 3 (September 9, 2018): 514–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0162243918798899.
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Science and technology studies (STS) and the emerging field of data science share surprising elective affinities. At the growing intersections of these fields, there will be many opportunities and not a few thorny difficulties for STS scholars. First, I discuss how both fields frame the rollout of data science as a simultaneously social and technical endeavor, even if in distinct ways and for diverging purposes. Second, I discuss the logic of domains in contemporary computer, information, and data science circles. While STS is often agnostic about the borders between the sciences or with industry and state—occasionally taking those boundaries as an object of study—data science takes those boundaries as its target to overcome. These two elective affinities present analytic and practical challenges for STS but also opportunities for engagement. Overall, in addition to these typifications, I urge STS scholars to strategically position themselves to investigate and contribute to the breadth of transformations that seek to touch virtually every science and newly bind spheres of academy, industry, and state.
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Roth, Aaron. "Technical Perspective: Pricing information (and its implications)." Communications of the ACM 60, no. 12 (November 27, 2017): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3139455.
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Hoffman, Robert. "Powerful, personal: electronic mail and the L2 writing process." ReCALL 6, no. 2 (November 1994): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0958344000003244.
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This paper reports action research into the use of electronic mail as a channel for giving feedback to English L2 writers in a sequence of writing process oriented technical communication courses. Four teachers used electronic mail feedback (EMF) regularly with 81 students on honours degree courses In information Systems and Computer Science. Electronic mail was used during planning and drafting stages in extended simulations of technical communication situations in concert with class meetings, workshop sessions, one-on-one and small group conference and with audiotaped summative feedback upon completion of major assignments.Teachers and students reported in response to a questionnaire and in interviews that they found EMF significantly advantageous in that it supports prompt, complete, and instrumental commentary on student work, empowers students to use English for authentic communication, and helps build positive relationships between students and native speaking teachers. All participants agreed that the extra channel of communication contributed to students' motivation to use invention techniques freely, to take risks with language and style in drafting, and to make substantive changes to text in drafting. Students reported that the objectivity of EMF was face saving, allowing them to use critical commentary from their teachers more productively. They also said that they found their teachers' use of EMF was a powerful demonstration of their willingness to make themselves available as mentors to their students.
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Saeed, Dawer, and Razi Iqbal. "An efficient technique to retrieve information from a damaged near-field communication tag." International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 10, no. 1 (March 13, 2017): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijicc-08-2016-0028.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss a technique of restoring data from a broken/damaged near-field communication (NFC) tag whose coil is damaged and seems unrecoverable. Design/methodology/approach This paper discusses a method to restore data from damaged NFC tags by designing a coil that matches the technical specification of NFC for restoring information. In this paper, an NFC tag with a broken antenna coil and its operational NFC chip is used for restoring data by making an external loop antenna for the same chip. Findings If the NFC tag is damaged, the information stored on the tag can be lost and can cause serious inconvenience. This research provides an excellent mechanism for retrieving all the information accurately from a damaged NFC tag provided the NFC chip is not damaged. Research limitations/implications One of the major limitations of this research is that the NFC chip remains intact without any damages. Data can only be recoverable if just the antenna of the NFC tag is damaged; any damage to the NFC chip would make it impossible for the data to be recoverable. Practical implications The research is carried out with limited resources in an academic institute and hence cannot be compared to antenna designs of the industry. Furthermore, industry vendors are using aluminum to design the coil; however, in this study a copper coil is used for coil design since it is far less expensive than aluminum coil. Originality/value NFC is a rather new short-range wireless technology and not much work is done in this field as far as antenna study is concerned. This study brings a technique to design a coil antenna for a damaged NFC tag to retrieve all the information without losing even a single bit of sensitive information.
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Dzitac, Ioan, and Misu-Jan Manolescu. "Contributions of Florin Gheorghe Filip in Information Science and Technology." International Journal of Computers Communications & Control 12, no. 4 (June 29, 2017): 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.15837/ijccc.2017.4.2960.
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Romanian scientist Florin Gheorghe Filip was born in 1947 and this year he turns 70. F.G. Filip is an engineer and Ph.D. in control engineering and computer science. Still very young, he became corresponding member of the Romanian Academy in 1991 (when he was only 44 years old), and, at 52 years old (1999), become full member in the highest learned society of Romania. From 1970 to 2000, he worked at the National R&D Institute in Informatics Bucharest (ICI). For 10 years, during 2000-2010, he was Vice President of the Romanian Academy. In 2010, he was elected President of the "Information Science and Technology" section of Romanian Academy. At present, he is the director of the Romanian Academy Library. His fields of scientific interest have been: decision support systems (DSS), large-scale systems control and optimization, technology management and foresight and IT application to cultural domain . He has authored/co-authored over 300 technical papers, 13 monographs, and edited/co-edited 24 contributed volumes.
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Silva, Ana Catarina, and Maria Manuel Borges. "Hybrid publishing design methods for technical books." Electronic Library 34, no. 6 (November 7, 2016): 915–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/el-02-2016-0035.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a characterization of the editorial design methods of technical books in a hybrid publishing context. Design/methodology/approach The paper starts by characterizing editorial design as a discipline itself within graphic design, which is then further identified as in urgent need to adapt strategies to technologies, communication processes and existing information flows. Along with the literature review, the paper includes an analysis of one particular case study, O’Reilly Media. Findings The paper provides arguments to conclude that the classical approach to the designer’s workflow should be reviewed and the way of framing the editorial problem should also be different: it should focus on the content. Originality/value The paper includes implications for the improvement of digital workflows and design processes in the STM hybrid publishing field.
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Bhattacharya, Sharbani. "Teaching Software Engineering in Blended Learning." International Journal of Engineering Pedagogy (iJEP) 3, S2 (February 27, 2013): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijep.v3is2.2375.
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<strong><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">In this paper we will discuss teaching Software Engineering by using classroom teaching and web-based learning. The teaching assignments, notes , slides are also shared in a website while assessment is done one-to-one in viva or test conducted on the learning material. We are using Information and Communication Technology ICT for teaching. Software Engineering courseware are taught in B.Tech II year Information Technology and Computer Science & Engineering course in Mahamaya Technical University(MTU), Noida (part of Uttar Pradesh Technical University(UPTU), Lucknow).</span></strong>
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Viegas, Fernanda B., and Martin Wattenberg. "Communication-minded visualization: A call to action [Technical forum]." IBM Systems Journal 45, no. 4 (2006): 801–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1147/sj.454.0801.
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