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Journal articles on the topic 'Technical specification development'
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1
Covaci, S., and Z. Sojková. "Investigation of wheat efficiency and productivity development in Slovakia ." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 52, No. 8 (2012): 368–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5037-agricecon.
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This study has focused on two main tasks: verifying the suitability of using stochastic frontier analysis on a transforming sector, and providing empirical evidence to explain the technical efficiency structure among farms in the time period 2000–2004. Two stochastic frontier model specifications were employed, the Battese and Coelli 1992 specification with the systematically time-varying inefficiency effect, and the Battese and Coelli 1995 one stage specification explaining technical inefficiency based on farm-specific variables. Our analyses were carried out at the commodity level, wheat production, where the accessibility of a data panel allowed us to enrich the calculation of the level of technical efficiency by the analysis of productivity changes within the chosen period of time, supports this idea as well. 
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Martynenko, V. V., L. V. Belyaeva, I. Yu Kostyrko, T. F. Pahomova, and T. P. Lytvynenko. "Development of the technical specifications and changes to the TSs for refractories by JSC “The Ukrainian research institute of refractories named after A. S. Berezhnoy” in 2018." Scientific research on refractories and technical ceramics 119 (December 26, 2019): 107–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.35857/2663-3566.119.11.
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This article includes information about development of technical specifications (TS) and changes to the TSs for refractories by institute in 2018.
 In 2018, the following standards were developed, agreed with enterprises in accordance with the requirements of the state standardization system and approved: one new technical specification and 14 change to TS for serial refractory products, produced by Ukrainian enterprises; 3 new TS for serial refractory products developed PrJSC “KDZ” were checked and agreed; 6 new technical specification and 11 change to the current specifications for the pilot batches of refractories manufactured by JSC “The URIR named after A. S. Berezhnoy”.
 Changes to technical specifications and new technical specifications have been developed in concordance with requirements of the modern system standardizations of the Ukraine (СОУ КЗПС 74.902568182003:2016, ДСТУ 1.5:2015, СОУ МПП 01.120090:2005), endorsed by manufacturers and enterprise consumers, tested for compliance with current legislation, technical regulations and regulatory documents and entered into the database «Technical conditions of Ukraine» — SE “Kharkivstandartmetrology”, and approved by the technical committee TC 7 “Refractories”.
 Institute plans to continue work on the development of TS and changes to the TSs for refractory products, study and analysis of the global level of standardization in the field of refractories.
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Wan, Zheng Jing. "Study of Development IETM Based on S1000D Specification." Applied Mechanics and Materials 190-191 (July 2012): 249–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.190-191.249.
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The Interactive Electronic Technical Manual (IETM) can solve some practical application problems of the traditional paper technical manuals on storing difficulty and resource sharing inefficiency well. The S1000D specification is an international specification of development IETM. In the paper the S1000D specification is introduced briefly. Then the meanings of Data Module (DM) and Common Source Database (CSDB) which are the core concepts of the S1000D specification are analyzed. At last, the development process of IETM based on S1000D specification is given.
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Wang, Bing-Yun, Yi-Chun Yen, and Yu Chin Cheng. "Specifying Internet of Things Behaviors in Behavior-Driven Development: Concurrency Enhancement and Tool Support." Applied Sciences 13, no. 2 (2023): 787. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13020787.
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The Internet of Things (IoT) systems are inherently distributed with many concurrent behaviors. In order to apply behavior-driven development (BDD), a proven agile practice of software development that brings many benefits, we must ensure that the specification of sequential and concurrent behaviors is supported at the specification level and that tool support is in place to execute the specification. This study proposes a minimal semantic enhancement to the Gherkin language, the most popular specification language in BDD, to distinguish sequential and concurrent behaviors. At the same time, a tool called concurrentSpec is developed to support the correct execution of specifications written in the enhanced Gherkin language. With two IoT examples involving both sequential and concurrent behaviors, it is shown that the enhanced Gherkin with concurrentSpec can correctly specify and execute the specifications, while the original Gherkin with existing tools is unable to do so. Hence, the contribution of this study is to eliminate a technical impediment for the IoT development community to adopt BDD and receive its benefits.
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Martynenko, V. V., P. O. Kuschenko, L. V. Belyaeva, I. Yu Kostyrko, and T. F. Pahomova. "Development of the standards, technical specifications and changes to the TSs for refractories by JSC "The Ukrainian research institute of refractories named after A. S. Berezhnoy" in 2019." Scientific research on refractories and technical ceramics 120 (December 30, 2020): 211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.35857/2663-3566.120.20.
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JSC "The URIR named after A. S. Berezhnoy" in 2019 carried out scientific, scientific-technical, organizational activities in the field of development, verification of national standards for refractories, harmonized with ISO standards, provided scientific-methodological, information and consulting services for the provision of normative documentation at the request of refractory enterprises in Ukraine.The Institute organized and coordinated the activities of TC 7 "Refractories", prepared a work plan and reports on the work done by TC in 2019.In 2019, JSC "The URIR named after A. S. Berezhnoy" developed five new specifications and 10 changes to the current technical specifications for serial refractory products manufactured by refractory enterprises in Ukraine. 1 new technical specification for serial refractory products, developed by PrJSC "KDZ", was checked and approved. Two new technical specifications and 5 changes to the current technical specifications for pilot refractory products manufactured by JSC "The URIR named after A. S. Berezhnoy" were developed.
 Changes to technical specifications and new technical specifications developed in concordance with requirements of the modern system to standardizations of the Ukraine (SОU КZPS 74.9-02568182-003:2016, DSTU 1.5:2015, SOU MPP 01.120-090:2005), have been endorsed by manufacturers and enterprise consumers, tested for compliance with current legislation, technical regulations and regulatory documents and entered into the database "Technical conditions of Ukraine" — SE "Kharkivstandardmetrology", and approved by the technical committee TC 7 «Refractories».
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Gust, Peter, Alina Sersch, Tobias Steger, and Christoph Schluer. "Analysis of Approaches of Tolerance Allocation regarding to Economic Efficiency." Proceedings of the Design Society: International Conference on Engineering Design 1, no. 1 (2019): 3481–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dsi.2019.355.
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AbstractThe aim of this paper is to examine the current state of research on tolerance-induced costs in Germany. Through a literature research already existing approaches for the determination of costs related to tolerances during the specification of technical components are pointed out and possible approaches for the reduction of these costs are presented. In addition, the actuality of these approaches will be considered. One question that is supposed to be answered here is to what state of standard for the specification of components these approaches can be assigned to. On the other hand, it should be clarified whether the existing approaches are applicable to the currently valid standard system of the Geometrical Product Specification (GPS).Can the economic efficiency of the specifications selected for tolerancing be determined in a technical drawing during the product development process in accordance with GPS on the basis of the current state of research?
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Liu, Yi, Yan Jiao Zhang, Chen Wang, Gang Wen, and Shi Wei Ren. "Technical Specification Development for Ceramic Tile Type III Environmental Declarations." Materials Science Forum 993 (May 2020): 1481–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.993.1481.
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In order to address increasingly serious global environmental problems and intensified international trade barriers as well as the promotion of production processes by enterprises for the improvement of environmental impacts, Type III environmental declaration has emerged in response to the proper time and condition and gradually developed into an important mean to solve environmental problems. This study, based on the principles and requirements stated in ISO 14025, takes ceramic tile products as the example to discuss about the formulation of technical specifications for life cycle assessment of the ceramic tile, in order to provide methodological basis and technical support for the formulation of technical specifications for the life cycle assessment of other domestic products as well as for the assessment of Type III environmental declaration. AcknowledgementSources of project funds: 13th Five-year National Key R&D Plan “Study on Key Technologies for Certification of Green Products Used in Home Furnishing Field”(No. 2017YFF0211504)
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Akhmad, Yus Rusdian, Angga Kautsar, Taruniyati Handayani, Judi Pramono, and Aditia Anamta. "Pengembangan spesifikasi teknis sistem pemantau radiasi lingkungan berbasis spektrometer gama untuk pengawasan ketenaganukliran di Indonesia." Jurnal Pengawasan Tenaga Nuklir 1, no. 2 (2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.53862/jupeten.v1i2.013.
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THE INDONESIAN RADIATION DATA MONITORING SYSTEM (IRDMS) IS A NETWORK CATEGORIZED AS COMPLEX PROBLEMS WITH INFLUENCING FACTORS INTO A SINGLE UNIT AS MULTIPLE PROBLEMS THAT MUST SOLVE THROUGH VARIOUS APPROACHES OPTIMALLY. One of the approaches required is the application of optimization. For example, optimization is needed between the detection sensitivity of the radiation source and the number of false alarms due to the permissible background radiation by determining the operating parameters of the monitor. In addition, optimization is needed between costs and data (information) obtained through determining the influencing factors in establishing a monitoring base, namely the purpose of installation at the location (safety and security), demographics, legal subjects, resources, type (technology) detectors, and environmental radioactivity. To increase the national content for the use of the product, the problem statement of this paper focuses on developing technical specifications for the type of low-resolution gamma spectrometer-based monitor (detector) following the analytical method developed by the authors for the determination of alarms triggered by radiation from facilities and equipment. This study aims to develop IRDMS technical specifications following the needs of nuclear control and bridge the gap (transition) of acceptance of national content before the parties can accept it as SNI. This proposed technical specification was adopted from the international standard IEC 61017:2016 and modified to suit the proposed alarm determination analysis method and Indonesian conditions, including consultation with interested parties. The content of this technical specification is relatively broad in scope. It is hoped that it can be adopted by parties who must carry out environmental monitoring following regulatory criteria and with the ability to provide alarms by increasing radiation doses equivalent to natural events (especially by rain). Keywords: environmental monitoring, gamma spectrometer, regulatory oversight, early warning
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Fatchurrohman, Nanang, Shamsuddin Sulaiman, S. M. Sapuan, Mohd Khairol Anuar Ariffin, and B. T. Hang Tuah Baharudin. "A New Concurrent Engineering – Multi Criteria Decision Making Technique for Conceptual Design Selection." Applied Mechanics and Materials 225 (November 2012): 293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.225.293.
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Product development process involves conceptual design selection, which is an activity engaging with numerous types of data including technical-customer specifications and current design developments. This paper presents a conceptual design selection which employs a new technique which accommodates Concurrent Engineering (CE) – Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) strategies. This new technique combines Concurrent Network (CE-ANP), Quality Function Deployment (QFD) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), referred as CoNQA. To illustrate this technique, a case study is presented involving aerospace application which is the selection of wing spar material. The result shows that the proposed new technique proved to be a sound method which considers product performance, product specification, technical specifications and selection of the best alternative in the selection process. This new method should be a useful aid for designers in collaboration with engineers to perform systematic and parallel technique involving early consideration of technical-customer requirements during conceptual design, hence to establish good product design and increase product competitiveness.
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Wurster, Simone. "Development of a Specification for Data Interchange Between Information Systems in Public Hazard Prevention." International Journal of IT Standards and Standardization Research 11, no. 1 (2013): 46–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jitsr.2013010103.
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Standards and specifications for public security are missing in many technical aspects as well as the areas of communication protocols and security management. Several research gaps related to these fields exist, particularly regarding R&D stage standardisation. Sherif et al. (2007) offer a framework to investigate project management aspects leading to successful standardisation. Its applicability for R&D stage security standardisation was examined and mainly proved by a recent InfraNorm survey in the German security research program. The German project InfraNorm aims at initiating the development of standards and specifications for the protection of transportation infrastructure. This article gives insight into the development of such a specification based on R&D results. Besides providing practical examples for activities related to Sherif et al.’s (2007) framework, the article suggests its extension. Standardisation challenges and solutions are also unveiled. The article finishes by outlining key aspects which may influence the adoption of the specification and by giving a short overview of current results. Application fields of the findings include, in particular, fast track standardisation procedures with voluntary implementation of the results, standardisations of R&D results and standardisation projects from small groups.
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Provis, John L., and Frank Winnefeld. "Outcomes of the round robin tests of RILEM TC 247-DTA on the durability of alkali-activated concrete." MATEC Web of Conferences 199 (2018): 02024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819902024.
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Alkali-activated cements, including ‘geopolymer’ materials, are now reaching commercial uptake in various parts of the world, providing the opportunity to produce concretes of good performance and with reduced environmental footprint compared to established technologies. The development of performance-based specifications for alkali-activated cements and concretes is ongoing in several jurisdictions. However, the technical rigour, and thus practical value, of a performance-based approach to specification of novel cements and concretes will inevitably depend on the availability of appropriate, reliable testing methods, particularly regarding key aspects of durability where degradation mechanisms may be complex and depend on the chemistry and microstructure of the binder. This paper will briefly discuss the activities of RILEM Technical Committee 247-DTA in working to validate durability testing standards for alkali-activated materials, bringing scientific insight into the development of appropriate specifications for these materials.
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Swider, R., K. Kaser, V. Wullschleger, J. Warburton, and R. Braff. "Technical and Programmatic Features of the FAA's LAAS." Journal of Navigation 52, no. 2 (1999): 217–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463399008280.
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The US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is developing and planning to field the Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS). LAAS is a Ground-Based Augmentation System (GBAS) to GPS, and is designed to serve all categories of precision approach. The purpose of this paper is to provide the latest technical and status information on the LAAS programme. The technical aspects of the LAAS specification are discussed, followed by a description of specification validation field testing and results. Institutional and programmatic aspects are then summarized along with a chronology of events leading up to the Government Industry Partnership (GIP) for the initial development and fielding of LAAS.
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de Souza, Ivenio, Ana Rosa, Mario Vidal, Mohammad Najjar, Ahmed Hammad, and Assed Haddad. "Information Technologies in Complex Socio-Technical Systems Based on Functional Variability: A Case Study on HVAC Maintenance Work Orders." Applied Sciences 11, no. 3 (2021): 1049. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11031049.
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Information technology (IT) systems are known to promote improvements in quality and productivity of the work environments of complex and adaptive socio-technical systems that span hardware, community and software aspects. Systems development lies in eliciting and specifying requirements. However, current requirements of elicitation techniques are limited to correctly understanding the complexity involved in socio-technical systems. Therefore, approaches based on Resilience Engineering can provide concepts and methods for a better understanding of socio-technical systems’ functioning. This study aims to increase the application of the Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM) in the requirements elicitation process. Specifically, understanding variability and its role in enhancing the requirements elicitation and specification process for the design/redesign of IT systems in complex socio-technical systems deployed in building maintenance is the main goal. This study proposes the merging of human factors and ergonomics (HFE) and Resilience Engineering concepts with Software Engineering. A case study was performed with workers to produce requirements specifications for work order issuing activity. This case study indicates the usefulness of the proposed approach for the specification of functional requirements to redesign the IT system examined. FRAM enables inferences to be made from hidden or fuzzy situations that are often not expressed by system users or are not detected by the system designer.
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Zhang, Yan Jiao, Li Ping Ma, Quan Jiang, and Chun Zhi Zhao. "Study of Technical Specification Development for Ready-Mixed Concrete Type III Environmental Declarations." Materials Science Forum 944 (January 2019): 1158–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.944.1158.
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In order to address increasingly serious global environmental problems and intensified international trade barriers as well as the promotion of production processes by enterprises for the improvement of environmental impacts, Type III Environmental Declaration has emerged in response to the proper time and conditions and gradually developed into an important mean to solve environmental problems.This study, based on the principles and requirements stated in ISO 14025, takes ready-mixed concrete products as the example to discuss about the formulation of technical specifications for life cycle assessment of the ready-mixed concrete, in order to provide methodological basis and technical support for the formulation of technical specifications for the life cycle assessment of other domestic products as well as for the assessment of Type III Environmental Declaration.
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Obukhov, S. G. "A NEW METHOD FOR DETERMINING PARAMETERSOF PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE BASED ON THE DATAFROM TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION." Eurasian Physical Technical Journal 19, no. 1 (39) (2022): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2022no1/55-64.
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In the given article the methodology of making a photovoltaic module mathematical model is presented, which lets reproduce its energy characteristics in real operating conditions. Also, the major types of mathematical models of photovoltaic converters are discussed and most well-known estimation methods of their parameters are analyzed. An original and simple way of parameters definition of photovoltaic module is introduced based on the technical specification data without using programming and developing numerical estimation algorithms. The suggested method is easily realized in the tabular program Excel with installed tool «Search for solutions». The simulation results of volt-ampere characteristic (V-I curve) of photovoltaic module Kyocera KC200GT are presented in a wide variation range of temperature and illumination. In addition, an accuracy evaluation is made by comparing the model characteristics and experimental data. The model was tested on a number of photovoltaic modules and proved good modeling results compliance with manufacturer’s data. The model provides a high modeling accuracy around MPP (maximum power point). This fact allows touse it for development of effective algorithms for photovoltaic power stations controllers, circuit design advancement of converting devices, prediction of power generation, operating modes analysis and optimization for photovoltaic systems
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Paling, K. D. "New Turbo Trains for the Chiltern Lines." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit 207, no. 1 (1993): 21–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1993_207_224_02.
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The paper describes the evolution of the new Class 165 Network Turbo Diesel Multiple Units for the Chiltern Lines of Network SouthEast, from initial business requirement to emerging service experience. Development of the Turbo concept and Business Specification, including the extensive use of mock-ups and models, is described in detail. Translation of the Business Specification into a technical Procurement Specification and the procedures followed for the procurement of Turbos are explained. The manufacture, testing, commissioning, and emerging service experience of Turbos are described. Reference is made to the further introduction of Turbos to Network SouthEast's Thames and West of England lines and a view is given of possible future developments.
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Rábová, I. "Business rules specification and business processes modeling." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 55, No. 1 (2009): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2503-agricecon.
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Up to date business is managed by large-scale different rules that regulate how the business acts and how it is structured. We find the rules in law, regulation, business policy document, procedures manual, system documentation, memoranda etc. These reference resources may provide the specific basis for a rule or offer a background, context or explanation of the business rule. In the recent years, it has been discovered that business rules constitute an entire body of knowledge that has not been adequately addressed in either the analysis or design phases of the information system development. Typically, business rules have been buried in the program code or in the database structures. The article deals with the business rules approach and rule technology and helps to identify the business and technical opportunities they afford to the company. It offers the business process model and its integration with business rules. This approach could provide business analysts with an essential approach to understanding, redesigning and communicating what really happens in the business processes (in agricultural area). It serves to understand the business impact of any change in small and medium-sized organizations. We use the UML notation and its business model extension.
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Nourian, Pirouz, Carlos Martinez-Ortiz, and Ken Arroyo Ohori. "Essential Means for Urban Computing: Specification of Web-Based Computing Platforms for Urban Planning, a Hitchhiker’s Guide." Urban Planning 3, no. 1 (2018): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v3i1.1299.
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This article provides an overview of the specifications of web-based computing platforms for urban data analytics and computational urban planning practice. There are currently a variety of tools and platforms that can be used in urban computing practices, including scientific computing languages, interactive web languages, data sharing platforms and still many desktop computing environments, e.g., GIS software applications. We have reviewed a list of technologies considering their potential and applicability in urban planning and urban data analytics. This review is not only based on the technical factors such as capabilities of the programming languages but also the ease of developing and sharing complex data processing workflows. The arena of web-based computing platforms is currently under rapid development and is too volatile to be predictable; therefore, in this article we focus on the specification of the requirements and potentials from an urban planning point of view rather than speculating about the fate of computing platforms or programming languages. The article presents a list of promising computing technologies, a technical specification of the essential data models and operators for geo-spatial data processing, and mathematical models for an ideal urban computing platform.
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Kim, Haklae. "Developing a Product Knowledge Graph of Consumer Electronics to Manage Sustainable Product Information." Sustainability 13, no. 4 (2021): 1722. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13041722.
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Transformational computing paradigms, such as artificial intelligence, home automation, and the Internet of Things, are being rapidly applied to consumer electronics products, thus aiding in the development of integrated and innovative features. Hence, ubiquitous computing and electronic devices are increasingly becoming essential to everyday life. In this context, a wide gulf often exists between the capabilities and technical features of consumer electronic devices and the consumers’ understanding of such devices and ability to operate them correctly and effectively. This study proposes a machine-readable knowledge model representing technical terms in product specifications along with a product knowledge graph to discover semantic relationships among various products. Formal concept analysis is applied to conceptually analyze the specification terms of heterogeneous electronic products and design a hierarchical knowledge structure of extracted concepts, to elaborate the proposed knowledge model.
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Wen, Hui Jun, You Xin Luo, Heng Shu Li, and Yu Zhou. "The Development of HZCLQ120 Multifunctional Hydraulic Down-the-Hole Rock Drilling Rig." Advanced Materials Research 485 (February 2012): 336–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.485.336.
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As drilling deep, large diameter, high drilling efficiency, adapting to a wide range of rocks, the down-the-hole drill is widely used currently as a large-scale rock drilling equipment. Integrated with the hydraulic rotary cutting pneumatic impacting drill and the down-the-hole hammer, the HZCLQ120 multifunctional hydraulic down-the-hole rock drilling rig was developed. The technical principle, main innovations, technical specification and test results were introduced. The new drilling rig can be widely used in rock blasting of railway, highway, water and electricity, mining, and urban construction.
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da Silva, Alberto Rodrigues, and Dušan Savić. "Linguistic Patterns and Linguistic Styles for Requirements Specification: Focus on Data Entities." Applied Sciences 11, no. 9 (2021): 4119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11094119.
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Requirements specification includes technical concerns of an information system and is used throughout its life cycle. It allows for sharing the vision of the system among stakeholders and facilitates its development and operation processes. Natural languages are the most common form of requirements representation, however, they also exhibit characteristics that often introduce quality problems, such as inconsistency, incompleteness, and ambiguousness. This paper adopts the notions of linguistic pattern and linguistic style and discusses their relevance to produce better technical documentation. It focuses on the textual specification of data entities, which are elements commonly referred to throughout different types of requirements, like use cases, user stories, or functional requirements. This paper discusses how to textually represent the following elements: data entity, attribute, data type, data entity constraint, attribute constraint, and even cluster of data entities. This paper shows concrete examples and supports the discussion with three linguistic styles, represented by a rigorous requirements specification language and two informal controlled natural languages, one with a more compact and another with a more verbose, expressive, and complete representation. We analyzed how other languages cope with the representation of these data entity elements and complemented that analysis and comparison based on the PENS classification scheme. We conducted a pilot evaluation session with nineteen professional subjects who participated and provided encouraging feedback, with positive scores in all the analyzed dimensions. From this feedback, we preliminarily conclude that the adoption of these linguistic patterns would help to produce better requirements specifications written more systematically and consistently.
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Pinheiro, Eduardo G., Larissa A. Lopes, Tayana U. Conte, and Luciana A. M. Zaina. "On the contributions of non-technical stakeholders to describing UX requirements by applying proto-persona." Journal of Software Engineering Research and Development 7 (December 21, 2019): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/jserd.2019.155.
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Context: Requirements elicitation is a software development phase that should investigate both functional and user experience (UX) requirements. Proto-persona is a technique that encourages the attention on the needs of a group of users. Usually, its elaboration is conducted by software specialists, technical stakeholders. However, non-technical stakeholders usually know more about target users and frequently do not take part in proto-persona elaboration. Objective: This work has the goal of investigating the contribution of non-technical stakeholders in the specification of UX requirements by using the proto-persona technique. For this, we explored the construction of the proto-personas and the use of these to the prototyping of solutions. Method: We carried out an empirical study in two rounds from which we analyzed and compared the contribution that technical and non-technical stakeholders had on the specification of UX requirements. In the first, 8 non-technical and 5 technical stakeholders built proto-personas. Afterwards, 18 pairs of software developers created low fidelity prototypes by using the information of proto-personas.~For the two rounds, we conducted a qualitative analysis exploring which UX requirements were described and used. Results: Our results revealed that both stakeholders have written up details of UX requirements on the artifact, however, throughout different and complementary perspectives. We also could observe that proto-personas produced by both were used on the prototyping activity. Conclusion: Our paper contributed to demonstrate that non-technical stakeholders were able to contribute to the specification of UX requirements and that proto-persona can boost such activity.
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Liu, Wei, Peng Li, Ke Li, and Dun Nan Liu. "Applicability Evaluation of Technical Standard in Smart Distribution Network." Advanced Materials Research 1092-1093 (March 2015): 238–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1092-1093.238.
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It is difficult for current technical standard to satisfy the development requirement of smart distribution network because the new systems of distribution generation and energy storage and the new requirement of distribution network. First, new requirement for technical standard is analyzed in this paper. Then, applicability evaluation model of technical standard in smart distribution network is built. At last, empirical research on applicability of the operational control specification of the interconnection of distribution generation to power grid is carried out. The results show that the evaluation method proposed in this paper is feasible and effective.
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Bravo, Miguel, António P. C. Duarte, Jorge de Brito, Luis Evangelista, and Diogo Pedro. "On the Development of a Technical Specification for the Use of Fine Recycled Aggregates from Construction and Demolition Waste in Concrete Production." Materials 13, no. 19 (2020): 4228. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13194228.
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The possibility of using recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste (CDW) in concrete is rather widely agreed upon when it comes to the use of coarse recycled aggregates. However, this is not the case when fine recycled aggregates (FRA) are considered, as it is deemed that these seriously impair the behaviour of concrete. Hence, this work presents a technical specification proposal for the use of FRA from CDW in concrete, to attempt to fill this gap in legislation. The specification is based on a wide collection of experimental results, from which it is shown that for low incorporation ratios (up to 25%), the properties of concrete with FRA from CDW are comparable to those of a reference concrete. The intended international scope of the specification is ensured by the fact that FRA from CDW are typified by composition (percentage of concrete, masonry, glass, etc.) rather than by geographical origin or construction type. It is shown that, after typifying the FRA and assuming, as per design, the acceptable percentage losses (relative to a reference concrete) of mechanical, durability-related and long-term physical properties, if the maximum incorporation ratios proposed of each type of FRA are used, the variation of properties remains within the limits established.
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Fukami, Yoshiaki. "Standardization Procedure for Data Exchange." Information 11, no. 6 (2020): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info11060339.
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Common specification of data promotes data exchange among many and unspecified individuals and organizations. However, standardization itself tends to discourage innovation that can create new uses of data. To overcome this dilemma of innovation and standardization, this paper analyzes and proposes hypotheses regarding the process through which the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) has realized innovations such as web applications by updating the standard. I hypothesize the following changes in standardization process management at the W3C as key factors supporting innovation through standardization among stakeholders with conflicting interests: (1) defining the scope of the specifications to be developed according to functions instead of technical structures; (2) design of a development management policy based on feedback from implementations, referred to as an “implementation-oriented policy”; (3) inclusion of diversified stakeholders in open standardization processes that facilitate consensus formation and the diffusion of developed standards; and (4) adopting a royalty-free to encourage third-party developers to implement proposed specifications and advance update of proposals. This single case analysis leads to the development and diffusion of common technological data specifications, which are the driving factors for innovation utilizing big data generated by exchanging data of various origins.
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Teplyakova, A. R., and R. A. Vnukov. "Development of specification of requirements and technical project of the system of calculation of student ratings." Informatics and education, no. 8 (November 10, 2019): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.32517/0234-0453-2019-34-8-40-47.
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The article describes creation of the project of the information system intended for calculation of student’s ratings. Design of such system is a relevant task as in the higher education system of the Russian Federation there is a set of the scholarship and grant programs intended for identification and support of talented students and graduate students however not in all higher educational institutions, which students are involved in extracurricular activities, achievements within such activity are estimated accurately and objectively. Not only the design, which is the second stage of life cycle of the described system, but also process of collecting and the analysis of requirements to it, without which development of the project is impossible, is considered. On the basis of the project described within this article, the information system is planned to be developed and put into operation.
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Shepard, S. B., T. L. Bowen, and J. M. Chiprich. "Design and Development of the WR-21 Intercooled Recuperated (ICR) Marine Gas Turbine." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 117, no. 3 (1995): 557–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2814131.
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The U.S. Navy is developing an Intercooled Recuperated (ICR) marine gas turbine, designated the WR-21, for propulsion of future surface ships. The objectives of this development program and the key technical requirements are summarized. The design of the WR-21 is described in considerable detail. Meeting all the design requirements for performance, space, weight, reliability, maintainability, and life has been challenging. Numerous design tradeoffs and iterations have been performed to optimize the design within the constraints imposed in the ICR technical specification. Integration of the WR-21 engine into the DDG51 Flight IIA ship, which is the U.S. Navy’s first application, has influenced the WR-21 design. This paper discusses the aspects of the DDG-51 application that were factored into the design of the ICR engine in order to reduce installation costs.
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Handayani, Nurdiana, Dian Adi Prastiyo, Rohmat Taufiq, and Hendra Mayatopani. "IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM PERHITUNGAN PRODUKSI BAHAN BAKU PLASTIK BERBASIS ANDROID." Joutica 7, no. 1 (2022): 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.30736/jti.v7i1.798.
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The production calculation system is carried out before the production process of plastic raw materials is carried out. The process is done to find out the amount of production based on purchase orders in a company. Often the occurrence of loss or frame of data in the production calculation process because it is still in the form of document archives and untidy scheduling processes. Research is intensively conducted, detailed to find out the problems that occur in the process of calculating plastic raw materials through the process of approaching study cases in the company to produce user requirments specifications and system design. In connecting user incomprehension regarding technical and clarifying the specifications of the user's desired needs in the software development process using prototype methods. Android-based plastic raw material production calculation system in order to help in the production process and scheduling process that is in accordance with the order. Keyword: Production Calculation System, User Requirments Specification, Prototype, Android.
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Lv, Nan, and Hui Min Li. "The Research of Several Problems that Merit Attention in Use of Rebar-Planting Anchorage Technique for Reforming and Strengthening Buildings." Applied Mechanics and Materials 351-352 (August 2013): 1333–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.351-352.1333.
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The rebar-planting anchoring , based on the development of the technology in the field of architecture both at home and abroad and applications, and combining with the mechanics performance of planting-bar, , technical requirement and the anchoring depth of the relevant specification, for the imperfections in the application of this new technology put forward the corresponding improvement suggestions.
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Krutilla, Kerry, and Rafael Reuveny. "The quality of life in the dynamics of economic development." Environment and Development Economics 7, no. 1 (2002): 23–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x02000037.
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The neoclassical economic growth model and its extensions in the fields of environmental economics and endogenous growth theory typically represent welfare as a single argument function of consumption when the models are analytically solved. This simplified welfare specification is narrower than those described in the quality-of-life literature and emphasized by proponents of sustainable development. The purpose of this paper is to analytically solve for the properties of a growth model based on a broader quality-of-life measure. The welfare measure includes two arguments, consumption and the stock of nature capital. This formulation enables an analysis of the consequences of the dynamic tension between conventionally defined economic growth and nature capital preservation. We find that a static model without technical progress yields diverse steady states, stability properties, and comparative statics, while a model with exogenous technical progress exhibits unusual comparative dynamics and balanced growth paths. These unusual outcomes have a number of policy-relevant implications for sustainable development.
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Toteva, Pavlina, and Krasimira Koleva. "Application of New Generation Geometrical Product Specifications in the practice in Small and Medium Sized enterprises." MATEC Web of Conferences 299 (2019): 04006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201929904006.
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The increasing development of modern methods of product manufacturing implies an improvement and a new approach to the modern drawing specification in design documentation for design requirements of different parts and assemblies. The ISO Technical Committee 213 has published 148 standards and 48 otherstandards are under development. These standards set out requirements for the accuracy of geometrical characteristics of products. They define requirements for the linear sizes, dimensions different than linear sizes as well as geometric deviations such as form, orientation, location deviations and run-out, and surface roughness and waviness. Ways of indication of these requirements in the drawings are discussed. Many standards are dedicated to the requirements for measuring these characteristics, to measuring instruments for linear sizes and geometrical characteristics. This report reviews the general concept of geometrical product specifications (GPSs), the GPS model, and new terminology by tolerancing linear sizes, geometrical specifications that facilitate communication between design manufacturing and verification and prevent ambiguous interpretation of requirements. Based on the metrological expertise of the drawings in a number of small and mediumsized enterprises, the degree of implementation of the new generation GPS standards and the problems related to it have been analysed.
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Illmann, Raik, Maik Rosenberger, and Gunther Notni. "Training program for the metric specification of imaging sensors." Acta IMEKO 11, no. 4 (2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.21014/actaimeko.v11i4.1361.
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Measurement systems in industrial practice are becoming increasingly complex and the system-technical integration levels are increasing. Nevertheless, the functionalities can in principle always be traced back to proven basic functions and basic technologies, which should, however, be understood and developed. For this very reason, the teaching of elementary basics in engineering education is unavoidable. The present paper presents a concept to implement a contemporary training program within the practical engineering education on university level in the special subject area of optical coordinate measuring technology. The students learn to deal with the subject area in a fundamentally oriented way and to understand the system-technical integration in detail from the basic idea to the actual solution, which represents the common practice in the industrial environment. The training program is designed in such a way that the basics have to be worked out at the beginning, gaps in knowledge are closed by the aspect of group work and the targeted intervention of a supervisor. After the technology has been fully developed theoretically, the system is put into operation and applied with regard to a characterizing measurement. The measurement data are then evaluated using standardized procedures. A special part of the training program, which is to promote the own creativity and the comprehensible understanding, represents the evaluation of the modulation transfer function (MTF) of the system by a self-developed algorithmic program section in the script-oriented development environment MALTAB, whereby students can supportively fall back on predefined functions for the evaluation, whose implementation however still must be accomplished.
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Song, Guizhu. "Analysis on Construction Technology Management Strategy of Power Transmission Line." Journal of Smart Cities 4, no. 1 (2019): 10–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.26789/jsc.2019.01.004.
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with the rapid development of economy, people's demand for electric power is increasing, and the number of electrical equipment is gradually increasing, and the technical requirements are also gradually increasing, which also brings challenges to transmission lines. Strengthen the construction technology and management specification of transmission line, formulate construction scheme and measures according to different terrain, terrain and specific situation, and operate efficiently and strengthen management.
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Ahsan, Mominul, Siew Hon Teay, Abu Sadat Muhammad Sayem, and Alhussein Albarbar. "Smart Clothing Framework for Health Monitoring Applications." Signals 3, no. 1 (2022): 113–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/signals3010009.
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Wearable technologies are making a significant impact on people’s way of living thanks to the advancements in mobile communication, internet of things (IoT), big data and artificial intelligence. Conventional wearable technologies present many challenges for the continuous monitoring of human health conditions due to their lack of flexibility and bulkiness in size. Recent development in e-textiles and the smart integration of miniature electronic devices into textiles have led to the emergence of smart clothing systems for remote health monitoring. A novel comprehensive framework of smart clothing systems for health monitoring is proposed in this paper. This framework provides design specifications, suitable sensors and textile materials for smart clothing (e.g., leggings) development. In addition, the proposed framework identifies techniques for empowering the seamless integration of sensors into textiles and suggests a development strategy for health diagnosis and prognosis through data collection, data processing and decision making. The conceptual technical specification of smart clothing is also formulated and presented. The detailed development of this framework is presented in this paper with selected examples. The key challenges in popularizing smart clothing and opportunities of future development in diverse application areas such as healthcare, sports and athletics and fashion are discussed.
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Crowley, T. J., and M. B. Unterman. "Technical details concerning development of a 1200-yr proxy index for global volcanism." Earth System Science Data Discussions 5, no. 1 (2012): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essdd-5-1-2012.
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Abstract. This technical report describes details of developing a volcano forcing reconstruction (Crowley et al., 2008) for climate models that is based primarily on sulphate records in Antarctic and Greenland ice cores. The chronology of eruptions is considered accurate to within 1 yr for the interval AD 1104–2000 and 2 yr for AD 800–1103. The reconstruction involves: (1) calibration against satellite aerosol optical depth (AOD) estimates of the 1991 Pinatubo/Hudson eruptions; (2) partial validation against independent lunar estimates of AOD and global sulphate emissions; (3) partial assessment of uncertainties in AOD estimates; (4) assessment of possible tropical "false positives" in ice core reconstructions due to simultaneous occurrence of mid/high-latitude eruptions in each hemisphere; (5) identification of a new category of eruptions, termed "unipolar" tropical eruptions, in which the eruption plume penetrates mainly to polar regions in only the hemisphere of its eruption; (6) use of different growth curves for high- and low-latitude eruptions; (7) specification of 2/3 power shortwave scaling for eruptions larger than the 1991 Pinatubo eruption; and (8) compensatory introduction of an estimate of effective particle size that affects lifetime and scattering properties of stratospheric aerosols.
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Anacker, H., R. Dumitrescu, A. Kharatyan, and A. Lipsmeier. "PATTERN BASED SYSTEMS ENGINEERING – APPLICATION OF SOLUTION PATTERNS IN THE DESIGN OF INTELLIGENT TECHNICAL SYSTEMS." Proceedings of the Design Society: DESIGN Conference 1 (May 2020): 1195–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dsd.2020.107.
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AbstractFor the development of intelligent technical systems, Systems Engineering and Solution Patterns are the guarantee for success. In order to avoid cost-intensive iterations, the documentation and reuse of solution knowledge is addressed during the systems design. Using an interdisciplinary specification technique, a uniform structuring of Solution Patterns as well as the composition in a multidimensional knowledge space takes place. This is the basis of an associated systematics for a solution pattern-based system design of mechatronic systems, which is validated by two cooperating DeltaRobots.
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Mi, Chen, and Da Ming Han. "Performance Test Specification for Passenger Car in Low Temperature." Advanced Materials Research 418-420 (December 2011): 2272–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.418-420.2272.
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The study of this article focus on the standards on the working limit of the passenger car. The standards for passenger cars at low temperature were studied and proposed by combination of the technical content in cold regions’ environments and the development trend in the domestic and international situation. The proposed standards can improve the service life of mechanical parts, reduce wear and failure of passenger cars and improve the passenger's power, economy and security. In the industry standardization and the objective requirements of relevant standards, this proposed standards are the basis to ensure fair competition in international trade, maintain the normal order of market and make up a communication bridge among the international economic cooperations. Maintain maximum benifit of the China's auto industry in the internationality. The emphases of the standards is to establish standards for low temperature environment laboratory, draw our own standards on product characteristics and screening standards system in line with China's actual conditions.
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Ren, Xian Hong, Kang Tao Hu, Jian Chun Zhang, Ai Cheng Liu, and Hai Rui Yang. "Design and Development of 850t/h CFB Boiler with Energy Saving Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 492 (January 2014): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.492.13.
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Taiyuan Boiler Group Co. Ltd. designed and developed an 850t/h CFB boiler with energy saving technology on the principle of “State Specification Design Theory”. By measuring the ash formation and attrition characteristic of the design coal, with the one dimension mass balance model developed by Tsinghua University, the bed quality of the bed inventory and the pressure drop were modified. Based on the particle density calculated, the heating transfer coefficients were chosen and the arrangements of the heating surfaces were modified. According to the special operation conditions of the user, the practical working conditions for the boiler are determined so as to assure the technical characteristics and structural properties in 850t/h CFB boiler.
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Bogue, Robert. "Robots that interact with humans: a review of safety technologies and standards." Industrial Robot: An International Journal 44, no. 4 (2017): 395–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ir-04-2017-0070.
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Purpose This paper aims to provide details of the safety considerations, technologies and standards associated with robots that interact with, or operate in proximity to, humans. Design/methodology/approach Following an introduction, this paper first considers collaborative robots and discusses their safety features and the new technical specification ISO/TS 15066, together with certain allied safety standards. It then discusses ISO 13482 and a range of assistive, personal care and service robots which comply with this and highlights new standards that are under development. Mobile warehouse and delivery robots are then considered, together with the safety technologies used and the associated standards. Finally, brief concluding comments are drawn. Findings The recent proliferation of robots that interact with humans or operate in proximity to them has led to the development of standards and specifications which seek to ensure safe operation. These allow robot manufacturers to design inherently safe products that will gain market acceptance and also help to inspire confidence among users. A number of new standards and specifications have been proposed or are being developed, and this trend is set to continue as new classes of robotic products emerge. Originality/value All manner of robots are being developed which interact with humans, and this provides details of the associated safety considerations, technologies and standards.
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Zhang, Rong Cheng. "Research on Strength Inspecting Technique for High Strength Concrete by Rebound Method and Ultrasonic-Rebound Combined Method." Key Engineering Materials 629-630 (October 2014): 600–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.629-630.600.
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This paper in detail introduces basic principles and technical development process of inspecting the material strength of high performance concrete by rebound method and Ultrasonic-rebound combined method. The strength-inspected curves of high performance concrete in Beijing region are given by using above mentioned two methods. Existing problem that 2.207J rebound device could not be used to inspect the strength of concert at grades 50MPa and above, has been solved. This article is one of the research results in “ Technical specification for strength testing of high strength concrete ”JGJ/T 294-2013 during compiling, which can be used in inspecting the material strength of high strength concrete in Beijing region.
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Guo, Xu, Gao-Rong Li, Michael McAleer, and Wing-Keung Wong. "Specification Testing of Production in a Stochastic Frontier Model." Sustainability 10, no. 9 (2018): 3082. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10093082.
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Parametric production frontier functions are frequently used in stochastic frontier models, but there do not seem to be any empirical test statistics for the plausibility of this application. In this paper, we develop procedures to test whether or not the parametric production frontier functions are suitable. Toward this aim, we developed two test statistics based on local smoothing and an empirical process, respectively. Residual-based wild bootstrap versions of these two test statistics are also suggested. The distributions of technical inefficiency and the noise term are not specified, which allows specification testing of the production frontier function even under heteroscedasticity. Simulation studies and a real data example are presented to examine the finite sample sizes and powers of the test statistics. The theory developed in this paper is useful for production managers in their decisions on production.
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Zolotov, V. A. "New requirements for the properties of promising oils for automotive diesel and gasoline engines and methods of their testing." World of petroleum products 04 (2022): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.32758/2782-3040-2022-0-4-42-45.
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Analytical information is presented on the development and implementation of new technical requirements for the performance properties of motor oils and new methods of testing them in the specifications for promising automotive engines, taking into account global trends in environmental protection. Taking into account the latest diesel designs, the European Association of Automakers (Association des Constructeures Europe'enes d’ Automobiles - ACEA) has updated the specifications for engine oils for high-power diesels this year, including low-viscosity oils with an extended shift interval. The changes do not directly concern the assessment of the energy-saving properties of motor oils - saving fuel consumption when using them. ACEA is updating its specifications for heavy-duty heavy-duty diesel engines three years later than their originally planned adoption by the end of 2018. Two new oil categories E8 and E11 have been added to the 2022 ACEA specification with simultaneous replacement of categories E6 and E9, respectively, declared obsolete. The possibility of using potentially new methods for evaluating their properties - the ability of oils to reduce high-temperature engine wear and the amount of deposits in the turbocharger - is being considered when testing oils of the new GF-7 category. The use of upgraded methods is proposed: a new Noack test to determine the volatility of oils to assess their volatility and consumption, an updated Ford method to assess the pre-ignition of the fuel mixture at low speeds and high torque to ensure engine protection during the service life of the oil. Finally, a number of Original Equipment manufacturers (Original Equipment Manufacturer - OEM) assume the use of low–viscosity oils of classes 0W-8 and 0W-12 according to SAE for their engines, and these brands are likely to be included in the list of tested oils of the GF-7 category according to the new ILSAC specification.
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Dadwal, Jyoti, and Bhubneshwar Sharma. "Measure of Wireless PAN based on the standard IEEE 802.15 of optical wireless communication technologies for the development of bluetooth as important consideration." International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research 2, no. 2 (2016): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.7439/ijasr.v2i2.2752.
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Development of WCTP was initiated by the Messaging Standards Committee and submitted to the Radio Paging Community. When the first proposal was received, a sub-committee was established to improve the protocol and issue it as a specification. The sub-committee was moved into the PTC (Paging Technical Committee) which is a volunteer committee composed of industry representatives. The PCIA (Personal Communications Industry) accepted the first full release and adopted the protocol as a PCIA standard. The current version is WCTP 1.3.
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Merk, Bruno, Mark Bankhead, Dzianis Litskevich, Robert Gregg, Aiden Peakman, and Craig Shearer. "On a Roadmap for Future Industrial Nuclear Reactor Core Simulation in the U.K. to Support the Nuclear Renaissance." Energies 11, no. 12 (2018): 3509. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11123509.
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The U.K. has initiated the nuclear renaissance by contracting for the first two new plants and announcing further new build projects. The U.K. government has recently started to support this development with the announcement of a national programme of nuclear innovation. The aim of this programme with respect to modelling and simulation is foreseen to fulfil the demand in education and the build-up of a reasonably qualified workforce, as well as the development and application of a new state-of-the-art software environment for improved economics and safety. This document supports the ambition to define a new approach to the structured development of nuclear reactor core simulation that is based on oversight instead of looking at detail problems and the development of single tools for these specific detail problems. It is based on studying the industrial demand to bridge the gap in technical innovation that can be derived from basic research in order to create a tailored industry solution to set the new standard for reactor core modelling and simulation for the U.K. However, finally, a technical requirements specification has to be developed alongside the strategic approach to give code developers a functional specification that they can use to develop the tools for the future. Key points for a culture change to the application of modern technologies are identified in the use of DevOps in a double-strata approach to academic and industrial code development. The document provides a novel, strategic approach to achieve the most promising final product for industry, and to identify the most important points for improvement.
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Guliyev, J. K. "On the general principles of increasing technological efficiency of operation of oil wells." Azerbaijan Oil Industry, no. 03 (March 15, 2022): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.37474/0365-8554/2022-03-29-33.
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The paper presents the classification of operation methods applied for increasing production parameters in oil and gas fields. With this aim both technical-technological and economic advantages of innovative operation methods are being studied in wide scale. At the same time the paper scientifically justifies that the operation efficiency of oil-gas fields is directly associated with increasing performance factor. Therefore, economic aspect of development methods is specified with their different characteristics including technical, energetic and operation. The paper shows cost efficiency of operation methods applied in the wells of Oil and Gas Development Departments within “Azneft” PU. The analysis of dynamics of oil development and watercut during 2014-2019 by OGPD of “Azneft” PU has been conducted, the dynamics of their changes by years revealed. The analysis of technical-economic parameters by the operation methods of the wells enables to reveal the reserves by increasing oil production and while making management decisions on the specification of direction of the improvement of production-industrial activity of the enterprise.
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Łagowska, Eliza. "Method of evaluating transport tasks in the army with the use of mathematical modelling." Transport Samochodowy 63, no. 1 (2021): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.8157.
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The article analyzes military transport operating within the Armed Forces logistics system. The proprietary method of its evaluation was presented. The technical subsystem has been characterized with the specification of the requirements it is faced with. General criteria for the assessment of the technical subsystem were identified, distinguishing the equipment, personnel, technical material resources, training and experience of soldiers, as well as their combat readiness and flexibility. The essential part of the discussion is devoted to empirical evaluation. It was made through the analysis of completed transport tasks. The research conducted with respect to the mileages of motor vehicles allows to ascertain whether the system is sufficient to meet the current needs. The mathematical model proposed allows to estimate the development tendency, based on which it is possible to formulate improvement proposals.
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Polyakova, T. Y. "Modern Trends of Engineering Pedagogy Development." Vysshee Obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia 28, no. 12 (2019): 132–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31992/0869-3617-2019-28-12-132-140.
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The article is devoted to modern trends of engineering pedagogy development that are global due to the processes of globalization and internationalization of higher technical education. The tendencies of engineering pedagogy development as a pedagogical science are connected with the key pedagogy concepts of teaching aims, content, forms, technologies, and aids. The trends of development are determined by the necessity to overcome the contradiction between fast changes in the sphere of engineering activities and certain conservatism, lag effect typical for engineering education system. At present, there are several general trends. Fast changes of modern society require regular analysis of social needs, specification and updating of engineering education aims, which takes place in the conditions of changeability and uncertainty and are more and more based on prediction. New forms of engineers’ training appear in order to overcome the gap between the requirements of engineers’ activities and the results of their education, and they are organized by joint efforts of universities, researchers, industry and business. New technologies of education involving the latest achievements in science, techniques and technologies are being developed and introduced in the educational process. Regular changes in educational process make the engineering education system to some extent unstable and unbalanced, and this trend may be expected to intensify. In order to correspond to the situation and to develop new technical teachers’ competences, various specialized diversified courses are offered to meet specific requirements of particular target groups.
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Semeniuk, Serhii, and Vadym Povodzinskiy. "Risk assessment in development of technical requirements for designing fermentation equipment in accordance with requirements of good manufacturing practice." Technology audit and production reserves 3, no. 2(59) (2021): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2021.233536.
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The object of research is the risks arising at the stage of cultivation of biological agents in fermentation equipment. The starting point of the life cycle of equipment, including fermenters, is the terms of reference, which defines all the necessary requirements that must be taken into account in the design, manufacture, installation and qualification. One of the most important and important stages of the equipment life cycle is the formation of a holistic and complete technical specification, which would allow taking into account all critical process parameters already at the stage of developing the design of the fermenter in accordance with the requirements of good manufacturing practice. It is important to note that the regulatory documents of the pharmaceutical industry (good manufacturing practices, good engineering practices, etc.) do not form specific requirements for equipment and processes, but only define general approaches to ensuring the quality system. The study used the principles of risk management, which are advisable to use throughout the entire life cycle of the equipment. The analysis of the stages of sanitary preparation (washing, disinfection and rinsing), sterilization of the fermenter and the cultivation process made it possible to determine the risks arising at the corresponding stages of production and ways to solve them. The approach to the analysis of critical parameters proposed in this work can be used to improve the development of technical specifications for a fermenter. Thanks to this, at the initial stages, a comprehensive approach to risk management is provided, which in turn will prevent the negative impact of external factors on the final product. Another aspect of using the research results is the possibility of forming fermenter validation protocols. The results obtained in this work can also be used in the development and scaling of the cultivation process for the production of active pharmaceutical ingredients in biopharmaceutical production.
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Romero Subirón, Fernando, Pedro Rosado Castellano, Gracia Bruscas Bellido, and Sergio Benavent Nácher. "Feature-Based Framework for Inspection Process Planning." Materials 11, no. 9 (2018): 1504. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11091504.
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Feature-based approaches have been profusely used in the last decades to incorporate domain-specific knowledge in the design and development of technical systems that, according to the new Concurrent Engineering approaches, involves not only the definition of the product, but also of the required manufacturing/inspection/assembly process and the corresponding production system. Although the ability of feature-based modeling to ease and integrate knowledge intensive processes has always been recognised, in practise the different feature-based modeling proposals are strongly dependent on the domain and on the development stage of the solution (conceptual, detailed, etc.). On the other hand, inspection process planning, including the design and selection of the technical system to realize the dimensional and geometrical verification of the manufactured artefacts, has been traditionally considered separately from the rest of the manufacturing process planning, and even also from the product functional specification tasks. In this work, a feature-based framework for inspection process planning, based on a similar approach to the one applied in GD&T (Geometrical Dimensioning & Tolerancing) specification, analysis and validation of product artefacts, is presented. With this work, the proposed framework and feature concept ability to model interaction components belonging to both the product and the inspection system (inspection solution) is proved. Moreover, to facilitate the Collaborative and Integrated Development of Product-Process-Resource, the Inspection Feature has been conceived as a specialization of a generic Feature previously proposed by the authors.
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Feng, Li Dan. "Study of Information Security System Architecture in Cloud Computing Environment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 602-605 (August 2014): 3404–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.602-605.3404.
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Cloud computing is the emerging industry that develops rapidly at present, with extensive development prospect; however, the challenge to security technology that it faces is unprecedented. In this paper, the author analyzed the technical characteristics of cloud computing and the security problem at present, put forward the idea to establish the information security system architecture of vertical stratification and horizontal integration from the multiple perspectives of security technology, security management specification and safety laws & regulations, etc..