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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Technical translation

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Academic literature on the topic 'Technical translation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Technical translation"

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Roskoša, Antra, and Diāna Rūpniece. "Problems Encountered in the Process of Translation and their Possible Solutions: The Point of View of Students of Technical Translation." Vertimo studijos 12 (December 20, 2019): 138–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/vertstud.2019.9.

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This research investigates the opinions of novice translators–35 students of the Institute of Applied Linguistics, in Bachelor’s and Master’s Programmes of Technical Translation at Riga Technical University–regarding the problems encountered while translating. Data for the research were drawn from the students’ essays and then explored using content analysis. According to the views of technical translation students, knowledge of the type and nature of translation problems helps the translator solve them and provide adequate, quality translations.

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Lakhtikova, Anastasia. "From literal to technical." Translation and Interpreting Studies 11, no. 2 (July 22, 2016): 225–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tis.11.2.05lak.

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Our understanding of Vladimir Nabokov’s method of translating Eugene Onegin as literal is largely based on his own claims and as such it populates anthologies of translation theory (i.e., Venuti’s The Translation Studies Reader) and classrooms. However, upon closer examination, Nabokov’s method is extremely removed both from the broad and specialized understanding of what a literal translation is. It is neither instrumental, as any literal translation would be, nor hermeneutic, as any literary translation accompanied by a voluminous commentary should be. Nabokov’s Commentary, an adjunct to his translation of Eugene Onegin, is the key to his translation method and to the translation’s strangeness. Analyzing the nature, scope, and function of the commentary from within the field of translation studies rather than that of literary criticism, this essay accounts for a number of idiosyncrasies observed by many critics of Commentary but previously unexplored and unexplained. These include its seemingly irrational feature of discussing texts unrelated to Pushkin’s own reading list; its excessive attention to Gallicisms and Romantic texts; its role in stabilizing translation; in a word, its function in Nabokov’s innovative translation methodology. This essay argues that instead of reviewing Nabokov’s Commentary within the paradigms of literary or historiographic genres, we should consider it first as a translation tool. The translation methodology then can be reevaluated in more technical terms than conventionally practiced in literary translation criticism. This revision unveils Nabokov’s translation not as literary but technical and not as literal but corpus-based, with mechanics and parallel texts minutely detailed in the commentary.

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Gruschko, Svitlana. "KREATIVES POTENZIAL DES ÜBERSETZERS IN DER WISSENSCHAFTLICHEN UND TECHNISCHEN SPHÄRE." Naukovy Visnyk of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky: Linguistic Sciences 16, no. 26 (February 2019): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2018-26-6.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of the science and technical literature translator’s potential in the context of combined disciplines “Technical Translation” and “Technical Communication”, based on D. Birn’s and K. Shubrt’s studies. Nowadays it has become obvious that science and technical translation’s obstacles are coursed not only by different structures and language rules involved in the process and perfection of requirements to the accuracy of translation that is to reflect the information in details but also by the specificity of the translation process itself that is of great importance. The most important role in this process is played by the creative potential of the translator, written translation being of primary importance. Clarity, accuracy and grammar, being principle stylistic goals of the written translation, coincide with the principle stylistic goals of technical translation. “Technical translator” acts as a “technical” writer.

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Zhu, Pinfan. "Audience and Purpose as a Guide to Improve Acceptability and Readability of Technical Translation." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 4, no. 7 (July 30, 2021): 98–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2021.4.7.11.

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Equivalence theory in translation, which is source-text focused, has always been an influential guideline for translators. However, recently, scholars argue that equivalence in translation is not totally possible, and in the author’s opinion, it is not even necessary in many cases in technical communication. In this article, the author tries to approach technical translation guidelines from a different angle, which is purpose an audience-focused. The paper discusses how to improve and evaluate the acceptability or readability of technical translation in terms of the expectations of the audience and the need for the translation purpose. Taking a Traditional Chinese Medical website as an example, the author points out that only by targeting the audience’s needs at the semantic, syntactic, textual, and content levels can a technical translator produce effective technical translations accepted and appreciated by readers.

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Xiu, Peng, and Liming Xeauyin. "Human translation vs machine translation: The practitioner phenomenology." Linguistics and Culture Review 2, no. 1 (May 9, 2018): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/lingcure.v2n1.8.

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The paper aimed at exploring the current phenomenon regarding human translation with machine translation. Human translation (HT), by definition, is when a human translator—rather than a machine—translate text. It's the oldest form of translation, relying on pure human intelligence to convert one way of saying things to another. The person who performs language translation. Learn more about using technology to reduce healthcare disparity. A person who performs language translation. The translation is necessary for the spread of information, knowledge, and ideas. It is absolutely necessary for effective and empathetic communication between different cultures. Translation, therefore, is critical for social harmony and peace. Only a human translation can tell the difference because the machine translator will just do the direct word to word translation. This is a hindrance to machines because they are not advanced to the level of rendering these nuances accurately, but they can only do word to word translations. There are different translation techniques, diverse theories about translation and eight different translation services types, including technical translation, judicial translation and certified translation. The translation is the process of translating the sequence of a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule to a sequence of amino acids during protein synthesis. The genetic code describes the relationship between the sequence of base pairs in a gene and the corresponding amino acid sequence that it encodes.

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A. Abdulwahid, Muntaha, Zaitul Azma Binti Zainon Hamzah, Pabiyah Hajimaming, and Hussein W. Alkhawaja. "Translating Legal Collocations in Contract Agreements by Iraqi EFL Students-Translators." International Journal of Education and Literacy Studies 5, no. 1 (January 31, 2017): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijels.v.5n.1p.55.

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Legal translation of contract agreements is a challenge to translators as it involves combining the literary translation with the technical terminological precision. In translating legal contract agreements, a legal translator must utilize the lexical or syntactic precision and, more importantly, the pragmatic awareness of the context. This will guarantee an overall communicative process and avoid inconsistency in legal translation. However, the inability of the translator to meet these two functions in translating the contract item not only affects the contractors’ comprehension of the contract item but also affects the parties’ contractual obligations. In light of this, the purpose of this study was to find out how legal collocations used in contract agreements are translated from Arabic into English by student-translators in terms of (1) purely technical, (2) semi-technical, and (3) everyday vocabulary collocations. For the data collection, a multiple-choice collocation test was used to be answered by 35 EFL Iraqi undergraduate translator-students to decide on the aspects of weaknesses and strengths of their translation, thus decide on the aspects of correction. The findings showed that these students had serious problems in translating legal collocations as they lack the linguistic knowledge and pragmatic awareness needed to achieve the legal meaning and effect. They were also unable to make a difference among the three categories of legal collocations, purely technical, semi-technical, and everyday vocabulary collocations. These students should be exposed to more legal translation practices to obtain the required experience needed for their future career.

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Shanti Nilayani, Wayan. "Translation Procedures Applied in Translating Immigration Terminologies." Linguistika: Buletin Ilmiah Program Magister Linguistik Universitas Udayana 27, no. 2 (September 30, 2020): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ling.2020.v27.i02.p07.

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Translating technical terminologies that belong to special field is challenging, especially to those who are not mastering the field. In translating the immigration terminologies found in the regulations concerning immigration, the translators applied various translation procedures in order to maintain the meaning. The aim of this research is to identify the translation procedures applied in translating the immigration terminologies found in the data source. The data were collected from Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2011 tentang Keimigrasian, Peraturan Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 104 Tahun 2015 tentang Perubahan Atas Peraturan Presiden Nomor 69 Tahun 2015 tentang Bebas Visa Kunjungan, along with their translations. Qualitative research approach is applied in this writing. The theory used to analyze the data is the theory of translation proposed by Vinay and Darbelnet. The result of the research showed that in translating the immigration terminologies found in the data source, the translator applied 5 (five) out of 7 (seven) translation procedures. These 5 (five) procedures are borrowing, calque, literal, transposition, and modulation. The other 2 (two) translation procedures that were not applied are equivalence and adaptation.

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Sokolova, Natalia. "Machine vs Human Translation in the Synergetic Translation Space." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 2. Jazykoznanije, no. 6 (February 2021): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu2.2021.6.8.

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The paper focuses on English-to-Russian translations of patent applications on the website of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). A comparative analysis of patent applications is performed by using translations made with the help of the WIPO Translate tool and human translators within the framework of the synergetic translation space concept encompassing the domains of the author's intensions, text content and composition, energy, translator, recipient, and the translation acceptability notion. The translation erratology aspects were considered from the point of view of the semantic, referential, and syntactic ambiguity within the domains of content-composition and energy space. In the domain of the author, the intention to convey some technical information is revealed, while its rendering in the content-composition and energy domains depends on whether the translation is made by a person or a machine. Genre- and composition-related specifics have been rendered in both cases while machine translation errors have been proven to result from the semantic, referential, or syntactic ambiguity, and this is when the translated output is generally considered unacceptable by the recipient. The results obtained can be used for editing machine translations of patent documentation, assessing the quality of technical documentation translation that is referred to other specific genre conventions.

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Klepikova, Tatiana. "Students’ Common Mistakes in Technical Texts When Using Computer Technologies." SHS Web of Conferences 50 (2018): 01014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20185001014.

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The paper considers the possibilities of using computer technologies by students in the translation of scientific and technical texts on power and electrical engineering. The main task of the study was to identify advantages and disadvantages of machine or computer-aided translation through their comparison and to define the possibility of their use in the translation of texts on power and electrical engineering. Among other types, students and post-graduates prefer machine translation. The comparison of two the most popular machine translation systems on the basis of Google Translate statistics and PROMT rules texts on power and electrical engineering showed that the Google Translate gives the better quality translation of special terms of this subject-matter. The majority of participants of the students’ international competition on written translation of the CIGRE Russian National Committee use Google Translate and PROMT. Translation mistakes are the result of insufficient language training and indistinct understanding of the described technical process. When translating written texts students shall apply post-editing and use the electronic dictionary Multitran. The development of hybrid machine translation systems on the basis of rules and statistics will allow shifting to a qualitatively new level of technical translation. The quality of students’ translations significantly increases if they participate in international and domestic competitions and get a profound knowledge of specialized subjects.

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Ordanovska, Oleksandra, and Alexander Iliadi. "FEATURES OF COMPUTER TRANSLATION OF ENGLISH SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL LITERATURE INTO UKRAINIAN (on the example of texts on physics and engineering mechanics)." Naukovy Visnyk of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky: Linguistic Sciences 2019, no. 29 (November 2019): 200–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2019-29-15.

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The article is devoted to the problem of the quality of computer translation of scientific texts that today is very relevant because of intensive progress and mass using of the Systems of Computer Aid Translation. The research aim was the analysis and comparison of computer translations of English texts on physics and engineering sciences into Ukrainian with using Pereklad.online.ua, Google Translate, PROMT, Pragma. The quality comparison of the texts' computer translations took place according to the parameters taking into account syntactic features, technical adaptation of the text, and correct use of terminological vocabulary. As a result of the research it was found that Google Translate translations which are based on the statistical (phrase-based) method turned out to be better. Google Translate translations took into account the syntactic features of the text and made a little of errors in grammatical forms; the technical adaptation of the text was carried out (the use of correct mathematical records of decimal fractions, signs of mathematical actions, transliteration of units of measurement; equivalent terminological vocabulary was used etc.) unlike another online translators' translations. The following Google Translate translations were improved due to the built-in translation memory system. At the same time the analysis of the Google Translate translation of the text on physics that used terms without unambiguous equivalents in Ukrainian has showed the inability of the online translator to perform the contextual translation. So computer translators can only play a supporting role and be used as the primary translator of standard scientific and technical texts.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Technical translation"

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Кугай, Ксенія Борисівна. "Technical translation essence." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2021. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/18281.

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Кугай, Ксенія Борисівна. "Strategies for technical translation." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2017. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/6970.

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Кугай, Ксенія Борисівна. "Scientific and technical translation peculiarities." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2021. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/18282.

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Кугай, Ксенія Борисівна. "Scientific and technical texts translation peculiarities." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2018. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/10820.

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Nikonova, E. "To the technical translations features." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/39229.

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Marklund, Åsa. "Translation of Technical terms : a study of translation strategies when translating terminology in the field of hydropower generation." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk och litteratur, SOL, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-13591.

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Abstract This study analyses the translation of a technical guidebook in the subject field of hydropower generation. The aim is to identify and apply functional translation theories when translating general technical terms, industry terms and contract terms. The theoretical basis for the study consists of Eugene Nida’s and Vinay & Darbelnet’s models for translation as well as theories on terminology by Rune Ingo and Therésa Cabré. During the translation process, technical terms were identified and subsequently translated using one or more of the theories described. The result was then analysed and discussed. Although the study is not comprehensive enough to draw significant conclusions, the result indicates that in order to render the best possible translation of technical terms, a combination of theories and methods are best applied; direct translation regarding systematized terminology similar to general technical terms and oblique translation, or dynamic equivalence, regarding industry terms and contract terms. The results further suggest that structural analysis is of great value in order to determine the correct level of the term. In addition, the translator’s experience and knowledge of the subject field as well as readiness to consult parallel texts seem to be vital to the outcome of the translation.

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Сахарна, Вікторія. "Peculiarities of translation of scientific and technical texts." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2017. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/7408.

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Kochuk, Diana. "Technical translation features and specialists training at universities." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2020. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/15237.

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Ersova, Alexandra. "Translation of technical and promotional materials for GMR ENLIGHTS S.r.l." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.

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This thesis describes a translation project carried out within the framework of the Language Toolkit program, which is the result of a collaboration between the Department of Interpretation and Translation and the Chamber of Commerce of Romagna. For this translation project, technical and promotional materials were translated from Italian into Russian for GMR ENLIGHTS S.r.l., a local company that specializes in lighting technology. Materials that were assigned for this translation project combine technical and promotional writing, which is a common feature of business-to-business promotional texts. The first chapter explores the main characteristics of texts belonging to this category and analyzes the tools and skills that a translator needs to perform promotional and technical translation. More information about the Language Toolkit program and GMR ENLIGHTS S.r.l. can be found in the second chapter. Here the work of the program is analyzed in the context of economic development and internationalization of the region of Emilia-Romagna. This is followed by a brief history of the company's development and a description of the task assigned by the company. The third chapter describes the tools that were chosen for this translation project and the resources that were used in order to acquire the relevant terminology. The fourth chapter provides a detailed analysis of all the source texts. Given the promotional nature of the texts, it was decided to adopt the functional approach to translation and analyze the texts along Nord's (2005) model of translation-oriented text analysis, which revolves greatly around the analysis of the prospective target reader. The most interesting and recurrent translation problems that were encountered in this project, and strategies adopted to solve them are described in the fifth and final chapter.

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Sudoh, Katsuhito. "A Japanese-to-English Statistical Machine Translation System for Technical Documents." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/195986.

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Books on the topic "Technical translation"

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BYRNE, JODY, ed. Technical Translation. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-4653-7.

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Wright, Sue Ellen, and Leland D. Wright, eds. Scientific and Technical Translation. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ata.vi.

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Hann, Michael. The key to technical translation. Amsterdam: J. Benjamins Publ., 1992.

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Hann, Michael. The key to technical translation. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 1992.

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Hann, Michael. The key to technical translation. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 1992.

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The key to technical translation. Amsterdam: J. Benjamins, Netherlands, 1992.

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Sofer, Morry. Translator self-training German: Practical course in technical translation. Rockville, Md: Schreiber, 2001.

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Sofer, Morry. Translator self-training German patents: Practical course in technical translation. Rockville, MD: Schreiber Pub., 2005.

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Morita, Yoriko. Patent translation handbook. Alexandria, VA: American Translators Association, Japanese Language Division, 1997.

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Sofer, Morry. Translator self-training, Spanish medical & healthcare: A practical course in technical translation. 2nd ed. Rockville, Md: Schreiber Pub., 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Technical translation"

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Schubert, Klaus. "Technical translation." In Handbook of Translation Studies, 350–55. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hts.1.tec1.

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Baumgarten, Peter. "Technical translation." In Benjamins Translation Library, 295. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/btl.5.40bau.

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Herman, Mark. "Technical translation style." In American Translators Association Scholarly Monograph Series, 11. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ata.vi.03her.

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Winkler, G. "Teaching technical translation." In Teaching Translation and Interpreting, 99. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/z.56.17win.

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Pięta, Hanna, Rita Bueno Maia, and Ester Torres-Simón. "Scientific-Technical Translation." In Indirect Translation Explained, 51–77. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003035220-3.

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Harper, Harriet. "Technical and Scientific Translation." In Information Technology, 96–99. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11675-1_16.

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Harper, Harriet. "Technical and Scientific Translation." In Information Technology, 96–99. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10097-2_16.

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Hansen, Jens Hare. "Translation of technical brochures." In Text Typology and Translation, 185. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/btl.26.14han.

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Ding, Huiling, and Xiaoli Li. "Technical translation in China." In The Routledge Handbook of Chinese Translation, 537–50. London; New York, NY : Routledge, 2017. |: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315675725-32.

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Wallwork, Adrian. "AUTOMATIC TRANSLATION." In User Guides, Manuals, and Technical Writing, 73–79. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1813-3_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Technical translation"

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RUSU, Mihai Robert, and Titela VÎLCEANU. "DIAGNOSING MEDICAL TRANSLATION AND FRAMING CURRENT CHALLENGES." In Synergies in Communication. Editura ASE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24818/sic/2021/02.03.

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Specialised translation includes technical and scientific translation as research fields in their own right, on account of method, text type, purpose of translating and degree of specialisation. Being a borderline case between technical and scientific translation, medical translation requires a multidisciplinary approach. Admittedly, the paper focuses on shedding light on the complexity of medical translation, the medical translator facing as main challenges a vast range of texts and formats (even within the same sub-field of medicine), non-standardised terminology (continuing to evolve as aligned to new scientific discoveries), a lack of relevant resources (most importantly, multilingual medical databases) and the different expectations of the intended users of translation.

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Noever, David, Josh Kalin, Matthew Ciolino, Dom Hambrick, and Gerry Dozier. "Local Translation Services for Neglected Languages." In 8th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Applications (AIAP 2021). AIRCC Publishing Corporation, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2021.110110.

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Taking advantage of computationally lightweight, but high-quality translators prompt consideration of new applications that address neglected languages. For projects with protected or personal data, translators for less popular or low-resource languages require specific compliance checks before posting to a public translation API. In these cases, locally run translators can render reasonable, cost-effective solutions if done with an army of offline, smallscale pair translators. Like handling a specialist’s dialect, this research illustrates translating two historically interesting, but obfuscated languages: 1) hacker-speak (“l33t”) and 2) reverse (or “mirror”) writing as practiced by Leonardo da Vinci. The work generalizes a deep learning architecture to translatable variants of hacker-speak with lite, medium, and hard vocabularies. The original contribution highlights a fluent translator of hacker-speak in under 50 megabytes and demonstrates a companion text generator for augmenting future datasets with greater than a million bilingual sentence pairs. A primary motivation stems from the need to understand and archive the evolution of the international computer community, one that continuously enhances their talent for speaking openly but in hidden contexts. This training of bilingual sentences supports deep learning models using a long short-term memory, recurrent neural network (LSTM-RNN). It extends previous work demonstrating an English-to-foreign translation service built from as little as 10,000 bilingual sentence pairs. This work further solves the equivalent translation problem in twenty-six additional (non-obfuscated) languages and rank orders those models and their proficiency quantitatively with Italian as the most successful and Mandarin Chinese as the most challenging. For neglected languages, the method prototypes novel services for smaller niche translations such as Kabyle (Algerian dialect) which covers between 5-7 million speakers but one which for most enterprise translators, has not yet reached development. One anticipates the extension of this approach to other important dialects, such as translating technical (medical or legal) jargon and processing health records or handling many of the dialects collected from specialized domains (mixed languages like “Spanglish”, acronym-laden Twitter feeds, or urban slang).

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Kovacevic, Darko. "Technical Translation and the Internet." In 2022 21st International Symposium INFOTEH-JAHORINA (INFOTEH). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/infoteh53737.2022.9751296.

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Gavrilenko, Nataliya Nikolaevna. "Didactics Goals Of Technical/Specialised Translation." In X International Conference “Word, Utterance, Text: Cognitive, Pragmatic and Cultural Aspects”. European Publisher, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2020.08.28.

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Ren, Feiliang, Jingbo Zhu, and Huizhen Wang. "Web-based technical term translation pairs mining for patent document translation." In 2010 International Conference on Natural Language Processing and Knowledge Engineering (NLP-KE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nlpke.2010.5587775.

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England, Roger, and Stewart Hanson. "Technical Translation and a Role for FCA." In 2008 International Conference on Advanced Language Processing and Web Information Technology. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/alpit.2008.104.

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Liu, Ying. "The Technical Analyses of Named Entity Translation." In 2015 International Symposium on Computers and Informatics. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/isci-15.2015.266.

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Robbins, Steven. "An address translation simulator." In the 36th SIGCSE technical symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1047344.1047507.

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Yoshi, Rika. "A Robust Machine Translation System." In 1986 Technical Symposium Southeast, edited by John F. Gilmore. SPIE, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.964161.

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Jiang, Xiaoling, and Clément Gosselin. "Dynamically Feasible Trajectories for Three-DOF Planar Cable-Suspended Parallel Robots." In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-34419.

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This paper proposes a trajectory planning technique for planar three-degree-of-freedom cable-suspended parallel robots. Based on the kinematic and dynamic modelling of the architecture, force constraints that can guarantee that cables remain under tension are obtained. Periodic parametric trajectories that extend beyond the static workspace are designed. The trajectories involve combined translations and rotations. Substituting the trajectories into the force constraints, interval arithmetics is used to search for global conditions on the trajectory parameters which ensure that the trajectories are feasible. Special frequencies related to combined rotational and translational motions are exposed which can be used to better exploit cable-suspended robots. Moreover, it is observed that the special frequencies related to the translation are akin to the natural frequency of pendulum-like systems. The proposed trajectory planning approach can be used to plan combined rotational and translational dynamic trajectories that can extend beyond the static workspace of the mechanism, thereby opening novel applications and possibilities for cable-suspended robots.

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Reports on the topic "Technical translation"

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Westhagen, Peter, and John Skalski. PitPro 1.1 User's Manual; Pit-tag to SURPH Data Translation Utility, Technical Manual 2003. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/962976.

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Wittmann, Florian, Florian Roth, Miriam Hufnagl, Ralf Lindner, and Merve Yorulmaz. Towards a framework for impact assessment for mission-oriented innovation policies. A formative toolbox approach. Fteval - Austrian Platform for Research and Technology Policy Evaluation, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22163/fteval.2022.540.

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Mission-oriented policies (MOIP) have become important means to foster transformative change in many countries. Yet, approaches for assessing these policies' impacts are still in their infancy, not least due to the complexity of MOIP. To address this gap, we propose a toolbox approach that supports policy-makers during policy design and implementation, and allows for an identification of potential impacts by a theory-based approach. To disentangle the complexity of missions, we first conceptualize MOIPs as multiple translation processes from mission formulation and design to implementation. Each translation step shapes the policies' impacts. Based on this framework, we develop a set of specific analytical tools that are intended to support the process of bringing missions into realization, but also help to assess whether missions contribute to the postulated goals. These tools include a mapping of the socio-technical systems, a typology to explore the transformative ambition of missions, a process to develop impact pathways, an inventory of policy instruments to support the mission design, and indicators to measure mission progress along the developed pathways. Finally, we propose several analytical questions to explore the context for the development of potential impacts.

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Chamovitz, Daniel A., and Albrecht G. Von Arnim. eIF3 Complexes and the eIF3e Subunit in Arabidopsis Development and Translation Initiation. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7696545.bard.

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The original working hypothesis of our proposal was that The “e” subunit of eIF3 has multiple functions from both within the nucleus and in the cytoplasm. Within this model, we further hypothesized that the “e” subunit of eIF3 functions in translation as a repressor. We proposed to test these hypotheses along the following specific aims: 1) Determine the subcellular localization of the interaction between eIF3e and other eIF3 subunits, or the COP9 signalosome. 2) Elucidate the biological significance of the varied subcellular localizations of eIF3e through generating Arabidopsis eIF3e alleles with altered subcellular localization. 3.) Purify different eIF3e complexes by tandem affinity purification (TAP). 4) Study the role of eIF3e in translational repression using both in vitro and in planta assays. eIF3 is an evolutionarily ancient and essential component of the translational apparatus in both the plant and animal kingdoms. eIF3 is the largest, and in some ways the most mysterious, of the translation factors. It is a multi-subunit protein complex that has a structural/scaffolding role in translation initiation. However, despite years of study, only recently have differential roles for eIF3 in the developmental regulation of translation been experimentally grounded. Furthermore, the roles of individual eIF3 subunits are not clear, and indeed some, such as the “e” subunit may have roles independent of translation initiation. The original three goals of the proposal were technically hampered by a finding that became evident during the course of the research – Any attempt to make transgenic plants that expressed eIF3e wt or eIF3e variants resulted in seedling lethality or seed inviability. That is, it was impossible to regenerate any transgenic plants that expressed eIF3e. We did manage to generate plants that expressed an inducible form of eIF3e. This also eventually led to lethality, but was very useful in elucidating the 4th goal of the research (Yahalom et al., 2008), where we showed, for the first time in any organism, that eIF3e has a repressory role in translation. In attempt to solve the expression problems, we also tried expression from the native promoter, and as such analyzed this promoter in transgenic plants (Epel, 2008). As such, several additional avenues were pursued. 1) We investigated protein-protein interactions of eIF3e (Paz-Aviram et al., 2008). 2) The results from goal #4 led to a novel hypothesis that the interaction of eIF3e and the CSN meets at the control of protein degradation of nascent proteins. In other words, that the block in translation seen in csn and eIF3e-overexpressing plants (Yahalom et al., 2008) leads to proteasome stress. Indeed we showed that both over expression of eIF3e and the csn mutants lead to the unfolded protein response. 3) We further investigated the role of an additional eIF3 subunit, eIF3h, in transalational regulation in the apical meristem (Zhou et al., 2009). Epel, A. (2008). Characterization of eIF3e in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. In Plant Sciences (Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv University). Paz-Aviram, T., Yahalom, A., and Chamovitz, D.A. (2008). Arabidopsis eIF3e interacts with subunits of the ribosome, Cop9 signalosome and proteasome. Plant Signaling and Behaviour 3, 409-411. Yahalom, A., Kim, T.H., Roy, B., Singer, R., von Arnim, A.G., and Chamovitz, D.A. (2008). Arabidopsis eIF3e is regulated by the COP9 signalosome and has an impact on development and protein translation. Plant J 53, 300-311. Zhou, F., Dunlap, J.R., and von Arnim, A.G. The translation initiation factor subunit eIF3h is .1 involved in Arabidopsis shoot apical meristem maintenance and auxin response. (submitted to Development).

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Gaponenko, Artiom, and Andrey Golovin. Electronic magazine with rating system of an estimation of individual and collective work of students. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, October 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/er0043.06102017.

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«The electronic magazine with rating system of an estimation of individual and collective work of students» (EM) is developed in document Microsoft Excel with use of macros. EM allows to automate all the calculated operations connected with estimation of amount scored by students in each form of the current control. EM provides automatic calculation of rating of the student with reflection of a maximum quantity of the points received in given educational group. The rating equal to “1” is assigned to the student who has got a maximum quantity of points for the certain date. For the other students the share of their points in this maximum size is indicated. The choice of an estimation is made in an alphabetic format according to requirements of the European translation system of test units for the international recognition of results of educational outcomes (ECTS - European Credit Transfer System), by use of a corresponding scale of an estimation. The list of students is placed on the first page of magazine and automatically displayed on all subsequent pages. For each page of magazine the optimal size of document printing is set with automatic enter of current date and time. Owing to accounting rate of complexity of task EM is the universal technical tool which can be used for any subject matter.

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Kennedy, W. E. Jr, and R. A. Peloquin. Residual radioactive contamination from decommissioning: Technical basis for translating contamination levels to annual dose. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7018481.

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Passariello, Fausto, ed. Informed Consensus in Vascular Procedures. Fondazione Vasculab, December 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.24019/2006.icivp.

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It is an open project, which has the aim of writing protocols for the informed consensus in invasive and non invasive vascular procedures. Versions in several languages are scheduled. English and Italian initially. Later other languages will follow, as soon as the translation will be technically possible. The project is organised into Sections. There is an initial index of the Proposed Sections, but users can by themselves propose other ones. Anyway, the Section is officially constituted as soon as they are gathered the subscriptions of the Section Coordinator and of others in a number which is sufficient to carry on the project.

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Fazekas, Andreas, and Scarleth Nuñez Castillo. NDC Invest Annual Overview 2020. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003430.

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NDC INVEST is an IDB Group platform offering financial solutions and technical support to help build national goals and transform them into attainable plans that generate prosperous, resilient, and carbon neutral economies. Throughout the years closely supporting LAC countries, NDC INVEST has gained valuable experience and knowledge in designing and implementing concrete actions that lead to long-term climate resilience and net-zero emissions by 2050. In 2020, NDC INVEST confirmed its key role in successfully translating national climate commitments into physical and beneficial economic plans and transformational development projects. 331 initiatives have been supported in IDB Group regional member states through the IDB sovereign window, IDB Invest and IDB Lab. This publication highlights the successful work of NDC Invest in i.) developing relevant knowledge and building national capacities for long-term strategies (LTS), ii.) supporting countries in creating ambitious climate goals and NDCs, and iii.) implementing LTS and NDCs through financial strategies and investment plans.

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McKinnon, Mark, Daniel Madryzkowksi, and Craig Weinschenk. Development of a Database of Contemporary Material Properties for Fire Investigation Analysis - Materials and Methods. UL Firefighter Safety Research Institute, July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.54206/102376/zmpa6638.

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Meetings with the majority of the Technical Panel for the Development of an Interactive Database of Contemporary Material Properties for Fire Modeling project were held on June 29 and June 30, 2020. The major subjects of discussion included the list of proposed materials to be tested and characterized, the properties for the database, and the experimental and analytical methods to determine the properties for the database. A list of 101 materials divided into 11 categories were identified for inclusion in the database. The topics of variability in materials and aging of products and furniture items was discussed and it was concluded that investigating these variations is outside the scope of the project in this phase. The list of properties to be stored in the database for each material as well as proposed experimental methods to determine each property were discussed in the Technical Panel meetings. The discussion emphasized that the priorities for the properties represented in the database are dependent on the expected users for the database. Three potential user groups and the sets of properties that each group would likely require were identified. To ensure that the data contained in the database is useful for modeling, it was determined that prioritization would be given to complete sets of properties to be measured and stored in the database. Over the course of the two meetings, several tools were proposed to make the database easier for model practitioners to use. Once such tool included functionality to output lines of code for the models or entire model input files to simplify the process of inserting the properties into computa- tional fire models. Another tool that was discussed would involve automatically extracting derived properties from data sets or translating between complex and simple representations of burning. The next phase of the project includes conducting research to finalize the structure of the database and finalizing experimental procedures and protocols to populate the database.

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Ehrlich, Marcelo, John S. Parker, and Terence S. Dermody. Development of a Plasmid-Based Reverse Genetics System for the Bluetongue and Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Viruses to Allow a Comparative Characterization of the Function of the NS3 Viroporin in Viral Egress. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7699840.bard.

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Project Title: "Development of a plasmid-based reverse genetics system for the Bluetongue and Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease viruses to allow comparative characterization of the function of the NS3 viroporin in viral egress". Project details: No - IS-4192-09; Participants – Ehrlich M. (Tel Aviv University), Parker J.S. (Cornell University), DermodyT.S. (Vanderbilt University); Period - 2009-2013. Orbiviruses are insect-borne infectious agents of ruminants that cause diseases with considerable economical impact in Israel and the United States. The recent outbreaks of BTV in Europe and of Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (EHDV) in Israel, underscore the need for: (i) a better comprehension of the infection process of orbiviruses, (ii) the identification of unique vs. common traits among different orbiviruses, (iii) the development of novel diagnosis and treatment techniques and approaches; all aimed at the achievement of more effective control and treatment measures. It is the context of these broad goals that the present project was carried out. To fulfill our long-term goal of identifying specific viral determinants of virulence, growth, and transmission of the orbiviruses, we proposed to: (i) develop reverse genetics systems for BTV and EHDV2-Ibaraki; and (ii) identify the molecular determinants of the NS3 nonstructural protein related to viroporin/viral egress activities. The first objective was pursued with a two-pronged approach: (i) development of a plasmid-based reverse genetics system for BTV-17, and (ii) development of an "in-vitro" transcription-based reverse genetics system for EHDV2-Ibaraki. Both approaches encountered technical problems that hampered their achievement. However, dissection of the possible causes of the failure to achieve viral spread of EHDV2-Ibaraki, following the transfection of in-vitro transcribed genomic segments of the virus, revealed a novel characteristic of EHDV2-Ibaraki infection: an uncharacteristically low fold increase in titer upon infection of different cell models. To address the function and regulation of NS3 we employed the following approaches: (i) development (together with Anima Cell Metrology) of a novel technique (based on the transfection of fluorescently-labeledtRNAs) that allows for the detection of the levels of synthesis of individual viral proteins (i.e. NS3) in single cells; (ii) development of a siRNA-mediated knockdown approach for the reduction in levels of expression of NS3 in EHDV2-Ibaraki infected cells; (iii) biochemical and microscopy-based analysis of the localization, levels and post-translational modifications of NS3 in infected cells. In addition, we identified the altered regulation and spatial compartmentalization of protein synthesis in cells infected with EHDV2-Ibaraki or the mammalian reovirus. In EHDV2-Ibaraki-infected cells such altered regulation in protein synthesis occurs in the context of a cell stress reponse that includes the induction of apoptosis, autophagy and activation of the stressrelated kinase c-Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK). Interestingly, inhibition of such stress-related cellular processes diminishes the production of infectious virions, suggesting that EHDV usurps these responses for the benefit of efficient infection. Taken together, while the present project fell short of the generation of novel reverse genetics systems for orbiviruses, the development of novel experimental approaches and techniques, and their employment in the analysis of EHDV-infected cells, yielded novel insights in the interactions of orbiviruses with mammalian cells.

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