Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Techniques de double hybride'
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Abdel, Gawwad Mohamed Ragab. "Révélation des interactions spécifiques des membres de la famille des TRX et leurs cibles potentielles, par la technique de la double hybride." Perpignan, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PERP0930.
Full textTRXs are small proteins (≈ 12 kDa) with a redox active disulfide bridge present in the characteristic active site CxxC (Schürmann and Jacquot, 2000). It was found that this active site is conserved in many other TRXs from different organisms and was considered as a special signature for TRX. The structural motif of TRX is composed of 4 alpha helices surrounding 5 beta strands. TRXs have been found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes and the sequence around the redox-active disulphide bond seems to be highly conserved. A number of eukaryotic proteins contain domains evolutionary related to thioredoxin, many of them are part of the protein disulphide isomerase (PDI) family. In their reduced form they constitute very efficient protein disulfide oxido-reductases. The number of TRX genes in non-photosynthetic organisms is relatively limited if it compared to that of photosynthetic organisms. Genes encoding TRXs with a CXXC or CXXS active site and large proteins containing at least one TRX domain (TRX-like proteins) are considered, 42 genes can be identified in the genome of Arabidopsis thaliana. The considerable progress in the identification of new TRX targets has completely changed this situation and suggests that TRXs could constitute central regulators of cell metabolism in several subcellular compartments. Despite the use of different TRX isoforms known to exhibit distinct preferences for TRX targets, no specificity has been observed biochemical approaches. In this work, we have used CY306 Y2H a new tool in which the two endogene TRX are deleted to bring the specificity between TRXs and their targets. We have studied both classical redox system; TRXf/FBPase and TRXm/MDH. In this work, we used an approach of Yeast-two hybrid: some thioredoxins interact with their targets in a stable way by interactions of electrostatic or absorbent loads hydrophobic. These interactions can be highlighted in a system commercial yeast two hybrid. For the majority of the TRX the interaction is too fugacious and can be highlighted only by stabilizing the intermediate complex which associates the TRX and its target by a bridge disulfide. In a commercial Y2H the complex doubles is destroyed by the endogenous TRX and no signal is observed. We used the stock cy306 (yeast strain stock in which endogenous TRX were inactivated) and we thus could show target interactions TRX. One studied two systems strain redox chloroplastic TRXf/FBpase and TRXm/MDH as well as the interactions between certain cytosolic TRX h and a cytosolic MDH. The results obtained show that this approach doubles hybrid reveals better than the test of activity or proteomic the specificity of interaction of the TRX for their targets
Védrine-Bochard, Valérie. "Étude des interactions entre Int6 et les protéines cellulaires." Lyon, École normale supérieure (sciences), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ENSL0197.
Full textThe int6 gene was originally identified as a frequent site of integration of the MMTV provirus in preneoplastic and neoplastic mammary lesions. The human cDNA encoding Int6 was independently isolated in a two-hybrid screen for cellular proteins interacting with the Tax oncoprotein of HTLV-1. Finally, the Int6 protein was shown to correspond to a subunit of purified eIF3 translation initiation factor. Its presence in eIF3 has been established in the following organisms : rabbit, S. Pombe et A. Thaliana. In A. Thaliana Int6 has also been shown to associate with the signalosome via binding to the CSN7 subunit of this complex. A two-hybrid screen performed with the Int6 protein as bait showed that it binds the Ret finger protein (Rfp) which interacts with PML and localises with a subset of PML nucear bodies. Int6 and Rfp are co-localised in certain PML nuclear bodies in lymphocytes. Another clones were interesting with respect to recent publications indicating interactions between eIF3, signalosome and proteasome complexes : CSN3, a subunit of signalosome, and Rpt4, a subunit of 19D proteasome. Finally, the two-hybrid screen showed that Int6 binds to MCM7, a component of MCM complex. Analysis of this interaction indicated that it intervenes between normal endogenous proteins in primary cells. Experiments with synchronised cells established that Int6 binds MCM7 in a cell cycle dependent manner during mitosis and G1. The Int6 protein also exists in Xenopus. Its association with the MCM complex was observed only with metaphase-arrested egg extract but not interphase extract. In vitro DNA replication assays using the Xenopus system showed that addition of purified In-6 has an inhibitory effect. These results suggest that Int6 regulates the activity of the MCM complex through an interaction with its MCM7 subunit. They also support a possible link between oncogenesis and the control of the licensing activity
Truong, Nhat My. "Analyse fonctionnelle des effecteurs nucléaires du parasitisme des nématodes à galle Meloidogyne incognita et caractérisation de leurs cibles végétales." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AZUR4149.
Full textThe root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita is among the most devastating plant pathogens
Brault, Jean-Baptiste. "Etude de l'interaction entre la protéine de membrane des flavivirus et la chaîne légère de dynéineTcex-1." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA077055.
Full textMosquito-borne flaviviruses such as dengue (DENV), West-Nile (WNV), yellow fever (YFV) or Japanese encephalitis (JEV) viruses are now Worldwide emerging or reemerging infectious threats. These viruses consist of a nucleocapsid surrounded by a lipidic membrane containing the two viral structural proteins: the E envelope protein, involved in entry of the virus into its target cell, and the small M membrane protein. The membrane protein is synthesized as a precursor prM that is cleaved late in the viral life cycle. The role that prM/M plays during the viral life cycle remains to be investigated. In this study we sought to identify for the first time new cellular interactors of this protein in order to better understand its function. Using a yeast two-hybrid screen and GSTpull-down assays, we identified the dynein light chain protein Tctex-1 as a cellular interactor of the ectodomain of the M protein (ectoM). Engineering of mutants of the ectoM allowed us to pinpoint a single amino-acid that is important for the interaction with Tctex-1. Silencing of Tctex-1 expression using RNA interference prior to infection induced a significant decrease of DENV and WNV viral progeny production. Silencing Tctex-1 expression in a stable cell line expressing recombinant subviral particles highlighted a role of this cellular factor in the late steps of the viral life cycle. This mechanism seems to be independent from the dynein motor complex retrograde transport along microtubules
Fang, Lei. "Exploring Constraint Satisfiability Techniques in Formal Verification." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27573.
Full textPh. D.
Maiga, Oumou. "Rôle de la protéine "Disc Large" dans les cellules de la paroi vasculaire humaine." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA077024.
Full textScaffold proteins play a key role in the organization of protein interaction networks. These proteins are made of multiple protein-protein interaction domains that allow them to bring together different members of a multiprotein complex, to address this complex at specific areas of the cell and to coordinate its activities. In this work, we looked for the expression and functions of a member of the architecture protein family, membrane-associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK), the protein Disc large (Dlg), also known as the synapse-associated protein-97, in the human vessel wall. Thus, we show for the first time the expression of this protein in vascular smooth muscle cells and in microvascular endothelial cells. In order to understand the role of Dlg in these cells, we sought to identify their partner proteins through two proteomic approaches, the yeast two-hybrid method, and co-immunoprecipitation coupled with mass spectrometry. The analysis of identified interactions has highlighted the involvement of Dlg in the regulation o extracellular signal-responsive kinase (ERK) signaling pathway in smooth muscle cells, and suggests its contribution to the intracellular trafficking in endothelial cells. This work provides insight into the function of Dlg in the vascular wall and offers new perspectives for studies
Samson, Jérôme. "Conception d'inhibiteurs du domaine SH3 de la protéine RasGAP à activité anti-tumorale potentielle." Paris 5, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA05P607.
Full textWithin the Ras pathway, frequently implicated in human tumors, the RasGAP protein plays two apparently contrary roles, both as a negative regulator and a positive effector. Its SH3 domain has already been identified as a relevant anti-tumoral target. Using peptide aptamers obtained by yeast two-hybrid screening, we bring a new validation of this target: we have discovered synthetic proteins specifically interacting with RasGAP-SH3. Moreover, when expressed in tumor cells, they decrease their colony-forming capacity and their cell viability. We have synthesized peptides derived from their variable loops, responsible for the interaction with RasGAP-SH3, and evaluated their affinity. Our best molecule is a sub-micromolar-affinity cyclic peptide, which binding fingerprint on the SH3 has been determined by NMR. These structural data will guide modifications of our peptides, in order to increase their affinity and cell-penetrating capacity. Their antitumoral properties will then be assessed
Abdessamad, Mahmoud. "Caractérisation moléculaire et fonctionnelle des signalosomes PTEN/MAGI-1b/TRIP6 et PTEN/PTPN13." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA077048.
Full textThe PTEN tumor suppressor is a multifunctional protein endowed with a phosphatase activity that dephosphorylates not only some phosphotyrosine residues, but also the phosphoinositides generated by PI3K. In its C-terminus, PTEN encodes a PDZ-binding motif. Our Team has demonstrated the critical role of the lipid phosphatase activity of PTEN in stabilizing junctional complexes and in reverting invasiveness. PTEN interacts with cadherin β3-catenin complexes through the PDZ domain containing- protein MAGI-1. To identify new molecular PTEN partners, we applied yeast-two-hybrid assay, and identified TRIP6 and PTPN13. We have demonstrated that TRIP6 induces invasiveness of the MDCK epithelial cells, through i) the competition with (3-catenin for binding to MAGI-1 b and the destabilization of junctional complexes, ii) the activation of the PI3K/ Akt, and NFKB signaling pathways (FASEB J 23:916,2009). PTPN13 is a tyrosine phosphatase with 5 PDZ domains. We have confirmed the interaction of PTEN C-terminus with the 2nd PDZ domain of PTPN13 in vitro and ex vivo. We showed that PTEN is a PTPN13 substrate in vitro. In line with these results, the overexpression of wild-type PTPN13, but not of a mutant deficient in phosphatase activity decreased PTEN phosphorylation. This overexpression did not alter Akt phosphorylation -a reflect of the activity of this kinase- in PTEN deficient cell lines, but potentiated PTEN effects on this downstream target of PI3K. Thus, our results demonstrated the critical role of PTPN13 in controling PTEN signaling pathway
Magnard, Clémence. "Approche fonctionnelle de la protéine codée par le gène de prédisposition au cancer du sein BRCA1 : identification de partenaires protéiques de sa région carboxy-terminale BRCT." Lyon 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LYO1T049.
Full textMénade, Marie. "Étude de complexes ribonucléoprotéiques impliqués dans la régulation de l'expression des protéines au cours de l'initiation de la traduction." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE10133.
Full textGene expression is ftequently regulated during cellular life. Protein synthesis, also called translation, is the last part ofthat expression and is wholly regulated. Translation is divided in three parts: initiation, elongation and termination. Initiation starts when the 40S ribosomal subunit binds the mRNA and scans it until it reaches the initiation codon. Many initiation factors are involved. Among them, elF3 directly binds that subunit. During my work, 1 studied in a first part the putative interaction between the factor eIF3 and the small ribosomal subunit 40S. The ribosome is constituted oftwo different entities: ribosomal proteins and rRNA. The factor elF3 contains at least 13 subunits. Two possess a RRM and are potentially able to bind that rRNA vif their RRM: p44 et p 116. ElF3p44 showed previously that it was able to bind l8S rRNA. 1 screened a library of 18S rRNA fragments with the aim of identifying a binding site ofp44 on the 40S subunit. The newly synthesized mRNAs are transported and localized into the cytoplasm to control spatiall~ and temporally protein expression. Ln a second part, 1 studied the interactions involved in translation initiation control of aS. Cerevisiae localized mRNA, ASH1, during its transport. Its regulation is mediated through its direct interaction with Khdlp, a three KH domain protein, on one ofits RNA localization elements. This interaction is abolished by Khdlp phosphorylation when ASHI mRNA is welliocalized
Van, Wayenbergh Réginald. "Recherche de partenaires protéiques du facteur de transcription HRT1 par la technique du double hybride: identification de BOIP, nouvel ADNc codant une protéine interagissant avec le domaine Orange de HRT1." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211120.
Full textTout d’abord nous avons construit les outils appropriés pour l’élaboration du travail, à savoir, les clones de levures exprimant les appâts spécifiques des domaines de la protéine étudiée et la création d’une banque d’ADNc du xénope au stade de la neurulation. Ensuite, trois criblages ont été réalisés. Dans le premier cas, nous avons recherché les partenaires des domaines bHLH et Orange (bHLH-O). Le domaine bHLH est en effet responsable de la dimérisation de ce type de protéine. Le domaine Orange qui suit le domaine bHLH, pourrait participer dans le choix du partenaire d’hétérodimérisation. Nous avons isolé deux facteurs de type bHLH-Orange apparentés à HRT1, XHairy1 et XHairy2b et confirmé leur interaction avec XHRT1. Les domaines impliqués dans ces interactions sont les bHLH-O pour les trois facteurs. Ce même criblage nous a permis d’isoler un nouvel ADNc qui code une protéine sans domaine apparent connu actuellement. Nous avons montré que cette protéine reconnaissait spécifiquement le domaine Orange de HRT1 mais pas celui des autres facteurs de type bHLH-O. Elle a été baptisée BOIP pour Bc8 Orange Interacting Protein. Le rôle physiologique de cette interaction n’a pu être démontré. Nous avons établi que la protéine BOIP pouvait aussi s’homodimériser. Nous avons aussi déterminé son profil d’expression chez le xénope et la souris. Son transcrit est hautement présent dans les testicules adultes. La protéine pourrait donc jouer un rôle important dans la spermatogenèse. Les deux autres criblages, utilisant les domaines situés dans la partie C-terminale de XHRT1, ont apporté des nouveaux partenaires potentiels, mais ces interactions n’ont pu être confirmées dans un système indépendant.
Enfin, en étudiant plus en détail les interactions entre XHRT1 et XHairy1 ou XHairy2b, nous avons mis à jour une possible fonction de spécificité dans le choix du partenaire dans la région C-terminale de HRT1. La formation de ces dimères pourrait jouer un rôle dans la formation du tube neural mais également dans d’autres différenciations tissulaires.
Doctorat en sciences, Spécialisation biologie moléculaire
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
BROCHERIOU, VALERIE. "- recherche de partenaires proteiques de la dystrophine dans le coeur et le cerveau par la technique du double hybride dans la levure - etude de l'apoptose dans differentes pathologies musculaires et cardiaque." Paris 6, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA066593.
Full textNicol, Jérôme. "Nouveaux polyomavirus : épidemiologie et partenaires cellulaires des protéines mineures de capside du polyomavirus à cellules de Merkel." Thesis, Tours, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUR3803/document.
Full textPolyomaviruses are ubiquitous in the general population and in immunocompromised patients, and four are associated with disease. 0f these viruses, MCPyV is responsible for Merkel ceil carcinoma, and its involvement in human cancer has led to a renewed interest in the Polyomaviridae family. My thesis work has focused on the epidemiology of six new human polyomaviruses (MCPyV, HPyV6, HPyV7, TSPyV, HPyV9 and MWPyV). These studies have shown that these viruses are widespread in the genera population and that infection occurs in early childhood. We have also focused on cross-reactivity between phylogenetically closely related human and simian polyomaviruses. We have shown that there is cross-reactivity between sirnian virus LPyV and HPyV9 and between MCPyV and two chimpanzee viruses (PtvPyVl and PtvPyV2). However, these simian polyomaviruses do not circulate in humans. Moreover, in order to improve understanding of the cycle of MCPyV, we set out to identify the cellular partners of its proteins. This work was initially performed on minor capsid proteins VP2 and VP3. Screening in yeast two-hybrid identified cellular partners of VP2 and VP3. Interactions between viral and cellular proteins were then validated in mammalian celis by complementation assay using Gaussia princeps luciferase. Cellular patners of VP2 and VP3 are involved in ceil proliferation, apoptosis, NFkB and intracellular transport of the virus
Sawma, Paul. "Rôle des domaines transmembraires dans les interactions helice-helice des protéines membranaires bitopiques." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4031.
Full textMany cellular and biochemical processes/activities are actually carried out by the complexome, which is defined as a set of protein complexes. Identification and characterization of the complexome are essential for a comprehensive understanding and global visioning of cell functions since protein-protein interactions are the core of an entire interactomics system of any living cell. Membrane proteins make up to 30% of proteomes in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. They form a major class of proteins that are essentially involved in vital processes including bioenergetics, signal transduction, cell adhesion, catalysis and so on. Thus, they also represent more than 50% of all currently available drug targets. The function of most membrane proteins is inextricably linked to the proper packing and assembly of their transmembrane (TM) segments in the lipid bilayer. So, deciphering the contribution of TM domains interaction in the assembly of protein complexes will help to understand the dynamic assembly of membrane proteins complexes which are most important in cell signaling. For this reason, qualitative interactions between the TM domains of different bitopic proteins have been characterized using the bacterial adenylate cyclase complementation assay (BACTH). This system has been successfully adapted in the lab to study the homo- and heteromeric associations of selected TM sequences, using well characterized interactions as controls. Moreover, BACTH has revealed TM interactions of two major classes of mammalian membrane receptors, the family of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs) which belongs to receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) superfamily and the neuropilins
L'Hoste, Sébastien. "Etablissement d'une carte d'interactions protéiques des petites GTPases Ras et Rap chez l'Homme et la Drosophile par technique de double-hybride : validation génétique des interactions Ras1/CG8965 et Ras1/D-EPAC chez Drosophila melanogaster." Paris 7, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA077117.
Full textObiang, Linda. "Rôles des partenaires cellulaires de la protéine de matrice du virus de la stomatite vésiculaire dans le cycle viral." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA077044.
Full textThe matrix protein (M) of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is a multifunctional 26,6 kDa small protein. M protein plays a key role in assembly and budding processes and is responsible for cellular synthesis shut down, microtubules destabilization and apoptosis. For these reasons, M protein recruits several cellular partners. Among cellular proteins identified so far, we are interested in Nedd4, E3 unbiquitin ligase and TSG101, a component of ESCRT I complex. 2-Yeast Hybrid technique allowed us to identify three news partners for M protein: Dynamin, protein involved in endocytic pathway, LMP2, catalytic subunit of immunoproteasome and Catenin a, that belongs to intercellular junctions. First, we studied the implication of Nedd4, TSG101 and dynamin during late stages of the viral cycle: assembly and budding. We characterized recombinants mutant virus containing matrix protein that does not interact anymore with one or two partners. For that, we developed a new technique to titrate with higher accuracy viral supernatants. We applied this technique for growth curves in different cell type. Our results" suggest that TSG101 plays a role during budding that highlighted with double mutant virus. EM observations indicate that dynamin acts upstream Nedd4. We also showed that some viral particles produced from an infection using virus containing M protein that does not interact with Nedd4 display an aberrant morphology and their M protein is no longer ubiquitinated. After, we started the study of new partners of M protein: LMP2 and Catenin a, previously identified. We expressed these proteins in fusion with GST and we have shown that these buildings were well able to interact with the M, confirming both interactions. Finally we could define residues and domains involved in M-LMP2 and M-Catenin a interactions. Preliminary experiments show that M protein and Catenin a colocalize at level of epithelial cells membrane. An results contribute to a better understanding of the interactome complex matrix protein
Caignard, Grégory. "Cartographie des intéractions entre protéines virales codées par le gène P des Paramyxoviridae et protéines cellulaires." Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA077020.
Full textViruses belonging to Paramyxoviridae family are important human pathogens. Some, such as measles virus (MV), mumps virus (MuV) and human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hPIV3), have been known for a long time. Others, such as Nipah virus (NiV), have been recently identified. As part of a large-scale mapping project of virus-host protein interactions, the goal of my thesis is to identify interactions between viral proteins encoded by the P gene of these four paramyxoviruses and cellular proteins. Tioman virus (TioV), whose natural host is the flying fox, was also included in this project. Therefore, 44 yeast two-hybrid screens were performed and hundreds of new virus-host interactions were identified. The global analysis of these interactions has uncovered many signal transduction factors, in particular proteins involved in immune response. The identification of STAT1, STAT2 and Jakl as interactors of MV-V protein allowed us to explain type IIFN signaling inhibition by this viral protein. Futhermore, we demonstrated that TioV-V protein was unable to block efficiently type I IFN signaling in human cells probably because of its inability to interact with STAT2. Finally, we have shown that hPIV3 C protein both increases MAPK/ERK signaling in response to EGF and inhibits type I IFN signaling. These data suggest that an excessive activation of MAPK/ERK pathway by hPIV3-C contributes to the severe airway inflammation associated with hPIV3 infections
Ferté-Chaudoy, Marion. "Virus host interactome du polyomavirus à cellules de Merkel." Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR3805/document.
Full textThe Merkel cell polyomavirus is now recognized as the etiologic agent of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). The viral cycle and viro-induced oncogenesis mechanisms are not fully understood and the knowledge is mainly based on the studies carried out particularly on the SV40 polyomavirus. The aim of our work is to identify interactions between viral proteins and cellular proteins during productive infection or in MCC context. To identify these interactions, we performed yeast two hybrid screens on MCPyV and BKPyV oncogenes, as control. To validate the interactions obtained in yeasts, we used an orthogonal method of validation by complementation in mammalian cells based on the restoration of Gaussia princeps luciferase. The combination of these two orthogonal techniques allowed us to validate interactions with cellular partners involved in cell cycle regulation or Akt-mTOR pathway. Previous lab work on VP2/VP3 minor capsid proteins allowed the identification of interactions with NF-kB pathway involved proteins. We examined the interactions between oncogenes, VP2, with the cellular proteins involved in this pathway. This work led us to evaluate pathway activation, genes expression under the control of NF-kB and apoptosis regulation. These results evidenced an action of the VP2 protein on the activation of NF-kB pathway and an induction of apoptosis
Guglielmi, Benjamin. "Etude de la structure du médiateur de la transcription de Saccharomyces cerevisiae et de la fonction des protéines Med31 (Soh1) et TFIIS dans l'initiation de la transcription." Paris 11, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA112043.
Full textThis study deals with the property of two eukaryotic transcription factors the Mediator complex and TFIIS. All experiment were carried in saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mediator is implicated in transcription initiation and TFIIS is implicated in transcription elongation. Based on a high through-put two-hybrid analysis, we produced a protein interaction map of the Mediator complex. The interaction map delineates numerous interaction domains between Mediator subunits, and confirms the organisation of Mediator in three independent modules. The interaction map is partially conserved in Drosophila Melanogaster, suggesting that Mediator structure and function are conserved from yeast to metazoans. Two-hybrid screens together with co-immunoprecipitation studies revealed that Med31 (Soh1) is associated with the yeast Mediator. We provide evidence that Med31 is required for the full recruitment of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) to an activated promoter. We show that the colethality of SOH1 deletion with the TFIIS encoding gene DST1 deletion is fully complemented by TFIIS domain II and linker and is thus independent of TFIIS Rnase activity essential for its elongation function. Moreover, a point mutation in the Pol II interacting domain II of TFIIS is sufficient for colethality with soh1-delta. Finally, we found that TFIIS interaction with Pol II is required for the full recruitment of Pol II to GAL1 promoter under activation in soh1-delta cells. We propose that Soh1 and TFIIS have redundant functions required for the efficient recruitment of Pol II at the GAL1 promoter following transcription activation
Six, Martin. "Hybrid Finance in the Double Tax Treaties." SFB International Tax Coordination, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2007. http://epub.wu.ac.at/1574/1/document.pdf.
Full textSeries: Discussion Papers SFB International Tax Coordination
Cougot, Nicolas. "Identification et caractérisation des facteurs impliqués dans la dégradation des ARNm eucaryotes." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112230.
Full textIn eukaryotic cells, gene expression involve three main steps. First DNA is transcribed in RNA. This RNA, after maturation is exported to the cytoplasm where it will be translated into protein. MRNA decay has been shown to be a key step in gene expression regulation. Our study was on mRNA decapping, a step involved in two decay pathways. We show that in human cells, hDcp1 and hDcp2, form the decapping complex, and co-localize in cytoplasmic foci. Other studies show that other factors, involved in mRNA decay are also located in these cytoplasmic foci. We show that these foci are not related to already described stress granules. By using RNA interference, we show that these structures are active mRNA decay centers. All the factors involved in mRNA decapping form a network of interactions ensuring the transition between translation and degradation. Our second project was to map the domains of interaction between these different factors. Using the two-hybrid method, we initiate the mapping of the different domains involved in these interactions. These studies would allow better comprehension of the formation of the decay center in human cells by using the results obtained with S. Cerevisiae as a starting point
Mancini, Laura. "Double resonance techniques for clinical magnetic spectroscopy." Thesis, Institute of Cancer Research (University Of London), 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.407823.
Full textPlanson, Anne-Gaëlle. "Influence de l'environnement cellulaire sur le repliement et l'assemblage de fragments protéiques." Paris 7, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA077144.
Full textBen, Azzouz Seifeddine. "Libération contrôlée d'un neuroleptique par voie orale en utilisant des capsules hybrides PLGA-PEG / Alginate/." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC116.
Full textCurrently therapeutic treatments for schizophrenia, intravenously or orally, are only partially effective and generally associated with extrapyramidal effects often dangerous and very troublesome for patients. In order, to increase the treatment efficiency by neutralizing any side effects the aim of this work was to design composite capsules (PLGA-PEG / alginate) intended to be administered by way oral and able to release locally, in a specific and controlled way, the neuroleptic “haloperidol” in the brain. The optimization of the protocol of synthesis allowed to obtain in a reproducible way of the nanocapsules of monodisperse and not very aggregate porous PLGA, having an average hydrodynamic diameter lower than 80 Nm and a good stability in aqueous solution. Once functionalized with Poly (ethylene glycol) diamine, in vitro studies showed the low toxicity of these furtive nanoparticles as well as their ability to encapsulate a satisfactory amount of haloperidol and release this active principle over a period of one month with a low burst effect. The incorporation of the PEGylated nanoparticles in matrices prepared with a high concentration of alginate and 100% CaCl2 made it possible to obtain nanocomposite beads having a better stability at the exit from the simulated gastric medium and persist approximately 30 minutes in simulated intestinal medium. Finally, preliminary in vivo studies on adult mice using injected nanoparticles and ingested nanocomposite balls showed the effectiveness of these systems to deliver haloperidol in the brain
Ousley, Larry James. "Solo Techniques for Unaccompanied Pizzicato Jazz Double Bass." Scholarly Repository, 2008. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/96.
Full textMeyer, Mariechen. "Contemporary Double Bass Techniques: An Advanced Technical Approach." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1157540/.
Full textFranco, Xavier-Charles. "Recherche de protéines interagissant avec le précurseur du peptide amyloi͏̈de par la méthode double hybride." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P161.
Full textAlbert, Annik. "Mise au point d'un criblage double-hybride nucléaire chez la levure pour l'antigène tumoral CA125." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2005. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/3384.
Full textRioux, Paré Rachel. "Développement d'un système double hybride de mammifère pour trouver de nouvelles protéines interagissant avec CIITA." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2007. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4759.
Full textGervais, Marie-Laure. "Etude des intéractions protéine-protéine par double hybride bactérien : applications en agro-alimentaire et en santé." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00555532.
Full textPolge, Cécile. "Etude de la structure des complexes kinases AKIN chez Arabidopsis thaliana : expression et fonctions des sous-unités de type beta." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112102.
Full textSeveral evidences designate the yeast SNF1 and mammals AMPK as important regulators of the metabolism in response to environmental or nutritional changes. SNF1 is implicated in the response of S. Cerevisiae to glucose starvation and AMPK in the response of cells to low ATP levels. Currently, data indicate that their plant homologues SnRK1 could regulate key enzymes of sugar synthesis and nitrate assimilation. SNF1 and AMPK have been shown to function as an heterotrimeric complex including two types of non-catalytic subunits : the b- and g-types subunits. We have first performed a detailed structural analysis of the complexes. Two-hybrid and co-immunoprecipitation experiments have been performed in order to study the interactions occurring between the different subunits and between different domains of these proteins. Interestingly, detailed expression studies of AKINb genes during development and in response to environmental changes reveal that one level of regulation of the SnRK1 kinase could be due to the a differential transcription of the ? subunits. Precisely, we have shown that the three b-type subunits present very specific and differential patterns of expression all along plant development. Finally three different approaches, yeast complementation, transgenic plants and two-hybrid screens using b1/2/3-subunits as baits, have provided different indications related to the functions of these different complexes in plants
Penfold-Fitch, Zoë. "Measuring carbon nanotube double quantum dots using high frequency techniques." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709294.
Full textAmara, Yacine. "Contribution à la conception et à la commande des machines synchrones à double excitation : application au véhicule hybride." Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA112325.
Full textSynchronous double excitation machines are synchronous machines where coexist two excitation circuits, one with permanent-magnets, and the other with coiled excitation. The study of these machines showed that the double excitation makes it possible to combine the advantages of the wound field synchronous machines with those of the permanent-magnet machines. This concept allows a better design of the converter-machine set, and a better management of energy. Until now, the use of permanent magnet machines has been limited by the magnets fixed excitation flux. The constant excitation flux, in light of the constraints imposed by power electronics, does not allow machines to operate beyond a certain speed (base speed). However, flux control is possible by acting upon the component in the d-axis of the magnetic armature reaction by means of the static converter. This step is not possible if the static converter present in the conversion chain is not controlled, which reflects the case of an alternator discharging on a diode-rectifier. .
Taboury, Jean. "Etude des conformations en double hélice droite et en double hélice gauche d'ADN synthétiques par plusieurs techniques spectroscopiques." Paris 13, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA132021.
Full textBach, Dan. "The Double-Cut Techniques for Grafting Cacti to Trichocereus pachanoi Rootstock." University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/556561.
Full textFouix, Sylvaine. "Recherche de nouveaux partenaires de la voie de signalisation Hedgehog chez Drosophila melanogaster par la méthode du double-hybride." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066122.
Full textHolbert, Sébastien. "Contribution à l'étude du rôle des partenaires moléculaires de la huntingtine dans la physiopathologie de la maladie de Huntington : identification et caractérisation des protéines CA150 et CIP4." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066159.
Full textThoreau, Vincent. "Clonage du gene syntaxine 8 humain par un criblage double hybride avec le domaine r de cftr comme appat." Paris 7, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA077235.
Full textMilord, Laurent. "Dispositifs photoniques innovants pour le piégeage optique : Cavité étendue à double période et structure hybride cristal photonique-nano antenne." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEI026/document.
Full textSince the first work on optical tweezers by Ashkin, a lot of efforts have been made to trap nanoparticles. However, optical tweezers are diffraction limited and can hardly trap particles below 200 nm. This limit can be overstepped using the optical gradient forces of an evanescent field generated and amplified by a photonic nano cavity. Nonetheless, this approach faces two major issues for applications: the trapping section is very small, making the capture of a Brownian motion animated particle very unlikely, and for the “ultimate” nano antennas with nanometric optical modes, their excitation from free space is not effective. The goal of this work is to overcome these two difficulties. To increase the trapping surface, we will first present a device using slow Bloch modes within a double period extended cavity designed in a photonic crystal made out of SOI. We will show that this approach allow for the trapping of 200, 100 and 75 nm particles on an extended surface of 5x5 µm² using a free space laser beam excitation. Secondly, we will investigate the free space excitation of nanometric structures. A photonic crystal – nano antenna mixed structure will be presented, where the photonic crystal is used as a photon pool for the nano antenna. This lead to a funnel effect where the light coming from a large free space laser beam (5µm wide) is focused into the nano antenna. The trapping of 100 nm particles will demonstrate the relevance of this approach
Assimi, Abdel Nasser. "Diversity techniques for HARQ transmissions over frequency-selective channels." Cergy-Pontoise, 2009. http://biblioweb.u-cergy.fr/theses/09CERG0428.pdf.
Full textIn this thesis, we consider the problem of reliable data packets transmission using single-carrier signaling over frequency-selective fading channels. Our objective is to design enhanced transceivers with improved detection performance in the absence of channel state information at the transmitter by exploiting the available time-diversity in Chase combining Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ) protocols. By analyzing the performance of the transmission scheme using an optimal maximum-likelihood receiver, we establish a suitable criterion for the study of system performance based on the statistics of the Euclidean distance at the output of a frequency-selective channel. From this theoretical framework, we propose a novel transmit-diversity scheme between subsequent HARQ transmissions, called phase-precoding, which allows the mitigation of intersymbol interference for slow time-varying channels. Then, with the help of our analytical tools, we revisit another transmit-diversity scheme which is the bit-interleaving diversity scheme. In particular, we emphasize the double advantage offered by this diversity scheme including the inherent modulation diversity in addition to the intersymbol interference reduction. Subsequently, we perform a comparative study between phase-precoding and bit-interleaving diversity schemes under iterative and non-iterative receiver structures. Finally, we introduce a new adaptive retransmission protocol for a multi-layer transmission scheme for the mitigation of inter-layers interference for rapidly time-varying channels using limited feedback information
Dorogan, Kateryna. "Schémas numériques pour la modélisation hybride des écoulements turbulents gaz-particules." Phd thesis, Aix-Marseille Université, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00820978.
Full textFournier, Catherine. "Etude fonctionnelle du domaine sh3 des spectrines erythroides et non erythroides ; recherche de ligands par le systeme du double-hybride." Paris 7, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA077057.
Full textJabeur, Kotb. "Ambipolar independent double gate FET (Am -IDGFET) logic design : methods and techniques." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00777679.
Full textTani, Akiko. "Distinguishing between single- and double-stranded DNA : votammetric and muon spectroscopic techniques." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249775.
Full textVan, Sluis Robert. "Multinuclear acquisition and double resonance MR spectroscopy in vivo : techniques and applications." Thesis, Institute of Cancer Research (University Of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338821.
Full textNicolas, Gaël. "Étude fonctionnelle et structurale de certains domaines des spectrines érythroïdes et non érythroïdes : site de tétramérisation et domaine SH3." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00284819.
Full textRéal, Eléonore. "Etude du complexe de transcription et réplication des lyssavirus." Paris 7, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA077223.
Full textDobrev, Ivan. "Modèle hybride de surface active pour l’analyse du comportement aérodynamique des rotors éoliens à pales rigides ou déformables." Paris, ENSAM, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ENAM0034.
Full textThis work presents the exploration and modeling of flow past wind turbine rotor. The aim is to propose an actuator surface hybrid model to simulate rapidly the flow and also be coupled with structure solver for fluid structure interaction. Besides numerical simulation, the PIV and hot wire explorations are also carried out. These explorations of flow around the wind turbine and rotating blades airfoil have provided the data necessary to calculate 3D airfoil aerodynamic performance while in rotation. The results of these measurements are also used to validate the proposed model. The new actuator surface model is developed to model the flow around wind turbine rotor. To implement the proposed model, Navier-Stokes solver is used. Specific software is created and integrated into the solver to determine the forces applied on the blade surfaces after each iteration. The aerodynamic performance obtained by this hybrid model is compared with experimental data of NREL Phase VI obtained in wind tunnel at NASA Ames. Whereas, the velocity field around the blade airfoil and flow past the rotor are compared with experimental data obtained in this research work in the wind tunnel of Arts et Metiers ParisTech. Further research shows that this model is well suited for the study of flexible wind turbines blades, where it is needed to take into account the fluid-structure interaction. To validate the proposed method for the flexible blades, a study is also conducted for the case of the NREL Phase VI wind turbine. The simulation results are finally compared with experimental data which show the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed model and the coupling method
LAMOTHE, BETTY. "Le recepteur de l'insuline : etudes employant l'invalidation de gene chez la souris et le systeme du double-hybride chez la levure." Paris 6, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA066276.
Full textLipian, Michal. "Modèle hybride pour simuler l’écoulement à travers un birotor éolien caréné et sa validation expérimentale." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ENAM0073/document.
Full textDoctoral dissertation summarizes the research on the functioning and flow around a two-stage, shrouded wind turbine. Placing the turbine at the inlet of a diverging channel allows to increase the mass flow rate of the flow through the rotor. To better take advantage of the increase in wind speed at the diffuser inlet, it was decided to examine the possibility of placing a second rotor in this area, with the opposite direction of rotation.The conducted study combined several different research paths, including Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methods and experimental studies. This allowed for a more refined understanding of the nature of the flow and operation of a wind turbine with two rotors. Experimental research was carried out in the IMP TUL wind tunnel. A series of measurements of various turbine systems with and without shroud, with single- and double-rotor wind turbine were made. The collected results allowed to confirm that the shrouding can significantly (even twice) increase the efficiency of the rotor. However, aerodynamic forces and rotational speed also increase. This disadvantage can be partially addressed by using a second rotor and distributing aerodynamic loads to two turbine stages.An important part of the study were numerical simulations. They allowed to specify in more detail the nature and parameters of the flow and to estimate their impact on the performance of the wind turbine. Two different numerical models were developed:• Fully-resolved Rotor Model: URANS model in ANSYS CFX, based on discretising the entire geometry of the rotor, used for the flow analysis,• Hybrid model CFD-BET (Blade-Element Theory): RANS model in ANSYS Fluent, in which the rotor is represented by source terms in the Navier-Stokes equations, determined by an in-house code; the model was used to evaluate the performance of different wind turbine configurations.In the course of the research an in-house, empirical tip loss correction was proposed, taking into account the influence of the diffuser. The performed study permitted to observe, among others, that moving the rear rotor towards the outlet of the diffuser may result in a reduction of the wind speed through the front rotor, placed at the inlet to the diffuser, and a decrease in the overall system power