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1
Hardashuk, Tetiana. "THE CONSOLIDATION POTENTIAL OF INNOVATIONS." Almanac of Ukrainian Studies, no. 23 (2018): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2520-2626/2018.23.5.
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Innovations are considered as a factor of consolidation of society, taking into account the definition of innovations as a complex phenomenon containing scientific, technical, technological, economic, environmental, social, legal, safety aspects. However, during the longtime scientific, technical, technological aspects of innovations were considered as driving force for the economy economic growth. Innovations directly or indirectly affect all spheres of social life, going far beyond the boundaries of purely market relations. Limitation of purely economic and scientific-technological definition and evaluation of innovations became obvious in 1960s on the wave of economic growth after the World War II and popularization of post-material values, on the one hand, and because of increasing social tensions, environmental crisis, deepening the gap between economically developed and developing countries, as well as between differed groups of the population within society, on the other hand. Social, ethical and environmental aspects of innovation were put on the agenda. Consequently, innovations should be measured not only in figured of benefit, but also in terms of health, education, safety, environmental impacts, saving energy and materials, etc. The study of the economic aspects of innovation were complemented by the following areas: 1) prevention of inequality due to innovative development; 2) combination of innovation with social entrepreneurship; 3) innovation as a factor in achieving sustainability; 4) innovations for environmental protection. This logically follows from the concept of sustainable development grounded on the coherence of social, economic and environmental parameters. Shortly, the complex of updated innovation criteria as a driving force of socio-economic development is formulated by the framework of «3Ps – profit, people, and planet», which accounts economic/financial, social and environmental aspects. The «3P» framework is a basis for development of new business ethics.
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Csatári, Gábor Bence. "The economic aspects of innovation in sheep breeding." Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce 4, no. 1-2 (July 30, 2010): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.19041/apstract/2010/1-2/14.
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During my investigations, I highlighted three innovations, all of which serve the production of a final product, sheep kefir. This product contains a unique added value and involves several innovational opportunities. I examined the complex economic analysis of the innovations and technological elements investigated with respect to revenues from the sale of sheep milk, sheep cheese (kashkaval) and sheep kefir. The kashkaval-type sheep cheese does not contain sufficient added value to cover the costs of innovational investments. Investigating the innovational activity for developing sheep kefir and for its market introduction, its cash flow balance becomes positive already in the second year after realization, and is able to generate significant profit.
3
Rokov, A. I., and E. D. Iokhimovich. "Economic aspects of developing renewable energy sources." Business Strategies 8, no. 2 (March 5, 2020): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17747/2311-7184-2020-2-55-59.
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The modern electricity market is in the process of transformation generated by the influx of technological innovations and social mood in society. The article considers the features of using renewable energy sources in the world and in Russia, their importance and economic potential for sustainable development. Significant problems that arise when using renewable energy sources are identified, and ways to overcome them and prospects for further use are considered.
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Rak, Aleksandra. "Selected aspects of technological innovations management in district heating companies." MATEC Web of Conferences 183 (2018): 04003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201818304003.
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The accession of Poland to the EU results in the realization of EU directives, including the field of energy efficiency and CO2 emissions. The regulations oblige enterprises that produce and distribute heat to technical activities involving the use of existing heat sources and modernization of thermal networks, as well as economic and environmental optimization of the heat supply process. The implementation of these projects requires a change in the way the energy sector is managed and thoroughly restructured by implementing and applying technological and product innovations. The article discusses the legal and environmental conditions of the heat market in Poland, the key challenges for the heating industry and selected innovations in heating companies regarding two areas: technical infrastructure and management of the heat production and transmission.
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Stojmenović, Marija. "Socio-economic aspects of cash withdrawal from use." Bankarstvo 49, no. 3 (2020): 102–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/bankarstvo2003102s.
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The notion of a cashless society is slowly becoming an inevitability of the modern way of doing business. Withdrawal of cash from use is the result of wide application of information and communication technologies. Increasing digitalization has contributed to the fact that most transactions are performed via smart devices (phones, tablets, desktops), without the use of cash and without going to the bank. The development of technological innovations, as well as innovations in finance, has undoubtedly contributed to increasing efficiency in business, but the question is whether the increasing digitalization of life and business, which is reflected in the creation of a cashless society, is still so desirable for humanity. The paper focuses on the socio-economic aspects of withdrawing cash from use. On the one hand, states are given the opportunity to influence economic activities even more directly through their central banks, while on the other hand, the issue is raised concerning human freedoms and rights in the digital world, in which it will be possible to electronically control the entire business.
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EBELING, W., and A. SCHARNHORST. "DYNAMICS OF ECONOMIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL SEARCH PROCESSES IN COMPLEX ADAPTIVE LANDSCAPES." Advances in Complex Systems 04, no. 01 (March 2001): 71–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219525901000139.
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We investigate the dynamics of economic evolution and technological change as hill-climbing in an adaptive landscape over a continuous characteristics space. A technology/firm is described by a large number of attributes or characteristics representing technology-inherent aspects, financial, organizational and economic features. These parameters span a characteristics space, which is a real Euclidean vector space, in analogy to the phenotype space in biology. Further we define a real-valued multimodal fitness function/functional and a population density over the characteristics space. The evolutionary dynamics including competition and mutations/innovations is modeled by reaction-diffusion equations of Fisher–Eigen or Lotka–Volterra type. We demonstrate the potential of such models, which in certain aspects go beyond the widespread applications of discrete replicator dynamics. Concerning technological change the emergence of technological populations as the result of a search process in an adaptive landscape will be investigated. In particular, the relation between incremental and radical innovations will be considered, especially the apparent paradox of a discrete continuum of technological change. Further, an application of the developed framework to the assessment of firms in the stock market is discussed.
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Vypkhanova, G. V., and N. G. Zhavoronkova. "Energy Innovations: Organizational and Legal Aspects." Actual Problems of Russian Law 16, no. 1 (January 28, 2021): 189–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1994-1471.2021.122.1.189-203.
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Recently, legal literature has given attention to the problems of innovative energy. Despite the negative consequences of the current global economic crisis, the ways out of it are in the mainstream of the country’s transition from the export of raw materials to the resource-innovative development with a qualitative renewal of the energy sector. These tasks are set in the strategic planning documents that determine the vector and prospects of energy, scientific and technological and other areas of development. Achievement of goals and long-term quality guidelines for the development of the energy sector on an innovative development path is associated, among other things, with alternative energy, the expansion of the use of renewable energy sources. The paper shows the possibilities and prospects of their use for small energy facilities, energy-deficient areas, and regions with decentralized energy supply. The advantages of using green technologies, renewable types of energy are manifested in energy conservation, energy security, reducing the negative impact on the environment, and solving environmental problems. The absence of a regulatory legal framework for the development of alternative energy is revealed; gaps in energy legislation in terms of innovative energy, stimulation of the introduction of innovative technologies, and the use of renewable energy sources are highlighted. The necessity of highlighting this direction in the energy strategy, other strategic documents in the field of environmental, economic development, energy efficiency and safety has been substantiated. The result of the study is new approaches to the formation and implementation of state policy, as well as the improvement of legislation in the field of innovative energy development.
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Shults, Svitlana, and Olena Lutskiv. "Determinants of socio-economic transformations of technological systems: theoretical and methodical aspects." Regional Economy, no. 2(96) (2020): 102–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.36818/1562-0905-2020-2-9.
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Technological development of society is of unequal cyclic nature and is characterized by changing periods of economic growth, stagnation phases, and technological crises. The new wave of technological changes and new technological basis corresponding to the technological paradigm boost the role of innovations and displace the traditional factors of economic growth. Currently, intellectual and scientific-technical capacity are the main economic development resources. The use of innovation and new knowledge change the technological structure of the economy, increase the elements of the innovative economy, knowledge economy, and digital economy, i.e. the new technological paradigm is formed. The paper aims to research the basic determinants of technological paradigms’ forming and development, and determining their key features, as well as to analyze social transformations of the EU Member States and Ukraine. The paper focuses attention on the research of the features of social transformations. The structural transformations are analyzed based on the Bertelsmann Transformation Index that estimates the quality of democracy, market economy, and political governance. The transformation processes are assessed on the example of the EU Member States and Ukraine. The authors argue that social transformations and structural changes in the economy are related to the change of technological paradigms that boost the economic modernization and gradual progressive development of humanity in general. The nature and main determinants of 5 industrial and 2 post-industrial technological paradigms are outlined. Their general features and main areas of basic technologies implementation emerging in the realization of a certain technological paradigm are explained. The conclusions regarding the fact that innovative technologies and available scientific-technological resources define the main vector of economic development are made. The new emerging technological paradigm is of strategic importance for society development.
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Holanda, Giovanni Moura de, Carolina Vaghetti Mattos, and Angela Maria Alves. "An Extended ecological point of view to evaluate technological innovations." P2P E INOVAÇÃO 7, no. 2 (March 15, 2021): 221–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21721/p2p.2021v7n2.p221-252.
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This paper describes an analytical approach based on a non-conventional ecological perspective to evaluate the quality of technological innovation projects. The approach is semi-qualitative and focuses on aspects of cooperation in projects and companies with favorable conditions regarding technological advancement and learning maturity, highlighting contributions of these aspects to the sustainability of R&D projects. Moreover, it considers the multidimensionality of a project in order to classify how its innovations align with sustainable principles, in terms of balancing the needs of all stakeholders. Beyond technology, the multiple dimensions associated to a project and its impacts comprise, for example, the economic, social, human and environmental spheres; similarly to the arrangement of forces for survival and evolution in comprehensive ecosystems, hence the allusive use of the term “extended ecological perspective”. Complexity theory and interrelation of the concepts of sustainability, cooperation, learning and multidimensionality underlie this analytical approach of innovations resulting from R&D efforts.
10
Anichin, Vladislav, Dmitry Chugay, Galina Khudobina, and Natalia Yakovenko. "Organizational and economic aspects of innovation management in agro-industrial enterprises." SHS Web of Conferences 116 (2021): 00041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202111600041.
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The economic aspects of innovation activity are determined by the fact that innovations serve to achieve the economic goals of the enterprise, act as a means of competition and require the use of economic resources. When organizing innovation activities, it is important to take into account macroeconomic factors and intra-company conditions. The authors identify three large-scale macroeconomic factors that have a significant impact on the chain of interrelated innovations in the activities of modern Russian agro-industrial enterprises. At present, the factor of creating institutions of the digital economy is beginning to take effect, in connection with which the third wave of organizational, technological and marketing innovations and the next growth of agro-industrial production in Russia are expected. Due to the different rates of economic concentration in the three areas of the agro-industrial complex, historically, unfair vertical competition has been and remains one of the limitations for innovation at agro-industrial enterprises. In the digital economy, information about the essential conditions of concluded transactions becomes available to antimonopoly authorities in real time, which allows them to quickly develop and apply regulatory actions in cases of violations of antimonopoly legislation or in cases of “failures” of the market. It is also possible to create institutions that support fair competition in the vertical and horizontal dimensions. The opportunities that open up actualize the improvement of the conditions for innovation activity at the intra-company level.
11
Savinykh, Vyacheslav, Alexey Osipov, and Alexandra Grishanova. "PROBLEMS OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF THE CENTERS OF INNOVATIONS OF THE SIXTH TECHNOLOGICAL STAGE." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 5 (2019): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2019-5-89-92.
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Socio-economic and humanitarian aspects of the formation of territorial innopolis new type and the problems of their efficiency are analyzed. The role of institutional and cultural factors in the development of research activity is underlined. Special attention is focused on the mental bases of scientific activity in the conditions of the sixth technological stage.
12
Antropov, Vladimir, and Natalia Neklyudova. "The concept of innovative receptivity: methodological aspects." SHS Web of Conferences 120 (2021): 02020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202112002020.
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The development of emerging economies determines the need to include innovation activities as the main factor at all levels of government. However, in practice, there is a disparity between the availability of innovative opportunities and their real implementation. It is caused by the lack of comprehensive research and conceptual approaches to the mechanisms for innovative potential formation and development. The purpose of the paper is to identify and describe the features that form the structure of ‘innovative receptivity’ concept in the economy. The study used methods of component, comparative and contextual analysis. As a result of the research, the definition of ‘innovative receptivity’ is given. It is an economic concept that characterizes the ability of an organization and a person to perceive innovations, the ability to create and apply pioneering technological innovations, and the willingness of an organization to implement and reproduce an innovation for the first time. This definition characterizes the essential features of the concept.
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Dimitrijević, Dragan. "Theses for new strategies of development of textile and clothing industry: Part 2." Tekstilna industrija 69, no. 1 (2021): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/tekstind2101036d.
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An important element of the policy of development and modernization of each country is the establishment of a program of balanced long-term development, which must be complementary with strategic priorities and national characteristics, as well as the real state and prospects of technical and technological development of science and industry. Therefore, manufacturing entrepreneurship today, would have to combine scientific research activities, education sector and public administration with production, in order to ensure efficient acquisition of new knowledge and skills, along the generation and production-economic valorization of innovations and diffusion and implementation of technical-technological innovations and new technologies, with priority reliance on ICT (information and communication technologies). It is obvious that sustainable competitiveness, in times of general and business globalization, is no longer in quantitative-qualitative aspects of production, but in new elements of production specialization, adequate and timely implementation of technical-technological innovations, in organizational innovations, in the way cluster business and in global efficiency, as well as in close and flexible connection of design, planning, production technologies and production, with the possibility of quick response (JustInTime and QuickResponseSystem) to the changes required by the market. That is why today the issue of redefining the way of work and business of textile/clothing industry companies is more than current, in fact the issue of redefining the strategic programs of economic development of developing countries.
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KOLMYKOVA, T. S., S. V. KLYKOVA, and N. Yu MAKAROV. "DIGITALIZATION AS A NEW PARADIGM OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 5, no. 11 (2020): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2020.11.05.001.
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The article examines the substantive aspects of digitalization as a new paradigm of technical and technological development. The features that distinguish the digital economy are structured. Information, knowledge and digital data are key production factors. Digitalization is considered as a modern tool for ensuring economic growth. It leads to the emergence of positive effects: the emergence of new business models, the creation of a basis for breakthrough innovations, and ensuring competitiveness in the long term. The important role of the state in the implementation of largescale investments, which are the drivers of the development and implementation of digital technologies, was noted.
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Krakhmalova, Tetiana A. "METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MANAGEMENT OF INNOVATION AND INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES OF ENTERPRISES." Management 31, no. 1 (September 17, 2020): 110–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.30857/2415-3206.2020.1.10.
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Introduction. One of the complex social and economic problems facing Ukraine in the XXI century, is the urgent need to transfer the economy to a new technological base of post-industrial development. This becomes the most important condition for rapid overcoming of the technological backwardness of the country. This problem can be solved by relying on innovative technologies in production and management.The research hypothesis. The practical implementation of tactical and operational management in accordance with the chosen strategy of innovation and investment activities of the enterprise will achieve a positive economic effect based on the optimization of technological and business processes, marketing, logistics, financial relations.Objectives to offer methodological tools for evaluating the effectiveness of management of innovation and investment activities of enterprises.The methodology of the study: methods of comparative analysis, rating, tabular, graphical, cluster analysis.Results. The key feature of the proposed approach is the choice of innovation strategy based on the effectiveness of management of innovation and investment activities of enterprises, analysis of the parameters of the projected stability of the enterprise under given conditions of implementation of both product and technological and managerial innovations by attracting foreign investment.Conclusions. Methodical tools for evaluating the effectiveness of management of innovation and investment activities of enterprises are proposed.
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Shelest, T. M. "Formation of a Management System for the Innovatively Oriented Development of Enterprises: The Theoretical Aspects." Business Inform 4, no. 519 (2021): 294–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2021-4-294-301.
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The article is aimed at consolidating the theoretical aspects of formation of a management system for innovatively oriented development of enterprises. According to the results of the carried out research, it is identified that modern industrial enterprises are in a crisis state, which causes the need to develop an economically substantiated program for their reform, focusing on expanding innovation-technological activities and increasing investments in the real sector of the economy, as well as increasing the efficiency of their use. It is defined that the need for research, namely, the formation of a management system for innovatively oriented development of enterprises, is determined by its role in accelerating the growth rate of social production, improving the quality of products and increasing scientific-technological progress, which are the main directions of economic strategy, planning and forecasting of production. The results of the analysis of the economic essence of the concepts of «management», «system», «management system», «innovations», «development» and «innovative development» allowed to define that a management system for the innovatively oriented development of enterprises represents an orderly set of elements interaction, which is directed towards the continuous and comprehensive process of introducing innovations for the formation of efficient activity in the strategic perspective, taking into account the factors of internal and external environment together with the laws of development of social production aimed at concentration, parallelism, adaptability and rhythmicity of the enterprise management system.
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Bús, Imre. "Philosophical, Aesthetic, Psychological and Pedagogical Aspects." Acta Educationis Generalis 9, no. 2 (August 1, 2019): 82–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/atd-2019-0009.
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AbstractIntroduction: Computers and the applications of today’s high technology can simulate reality so realistically that virtuality has become part of both children’s and adults’ lifestyles (Nagy & Kölcsey, 2017; Szécsi, 2012). However, it did not emerge with the computer applications, but with human thinking and part of that, the virtual conception of the world. In addition to social changes this development can be observed on individuals as well.Purpose: This study shows the development of virtuality through the examples of cultural, philosophical, aesthetic, then the psychological and pedagogical development of the individual with the help of some important studies.Methods: This study presents the social and individual development of virtuality throughout theoretical analysis of the research results.Conclusion: Virtuality has already an important role in the technological and economic sphere and its impact on social innovations, individual and social life can be felt as well. Virtuality-research, its application and improvement contribute to experience a more complete reality and to the improvement of human life quality.
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Omelyanenko, Vitaliy, Olga Kudrina, Olena Semenikhina, Vasily Zihunov, Olena Danilova, and Tetiana Liskovetska. "Conceptual aspects of modern innovation policy." European Journal of Sustainable Development 9, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 238–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2020.v9n2p238.
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The country's participation in the processes of high technology development and transfer depends on: the level of its socio-economic development; the effectiveness of identifying innovative priorities; the developing an international strategy. This necessitates the development of theoretical foundations and practical recommendations for countries' participation in high technology development processes in the global innovation system. We propose to consider high technology analysis as an analysis of public policy (interpretive analytics) and research in science and technology and technology assessment. Recently, an approach has come to the fore, in which it is necessary to focus not so much on absolute leaders who have already built their own chain of creation of innovations (from basic research to competitive companies), but more to develop their own unique competencies. The factor of formation of competitive innovative systems is creation of unique innovative environment on the basis of combination of technological basis, innovative economy and socio-cultural system. Keywords: innovation policy, high technology, innovative landscapes, clusters, human resources, technology transfer
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Indrawati, Henny, Caska, and Suarman. "Barriers to technological innovations of SMEs: how to solve them?" International Journal of Innovation Science 12, no. 5 (November 30, 2020): 545–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijis-04-2020-0049.
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Purpose This study aims to analyze the inhibiting factors of small and medium enterprises (SMEs’) technology innovation, supporting institutions for SMEs technology innovation development, SMEs’ technology innovation development model and strategies for developing SMEs in technology innovation. Design/methodology/approach This is a mixed-method research project conducted through a survey of SMEs in Riau Province, Sumatera Indonesia (primarily in the districts of Siak, Kampar and Pelalawan) from April to July 2019. SMEs that have been operating for at least five years were chosen purposively as samples. Based on the requirement, there are 277 entities used in this study. A focus group discussion (FGD) was also conducted to formulate SME models and development strategies in technological innovation. In addition, in-depth interviews and observations were also carried out on technological innovations undertaken by respondents. Findings It was found that there are five inhibiting factors of SMEs’ technology innovation: government support, quality of human resources, funding of technological innovation, economic conditions and business partners. The biggest inhibiting factor remains to be the funding of technological innovation. Therefore SMEs provide independent technological innovation costs to develop technological innovations for business sustainability. Supporting institutions for developing SME technology innovation consist of government institutions, private institutions, financial institutions (banks) and nonbank financial institutions. To survive and excel amid competition, SMEs need to pay attention to technological innovation. The business strategy that needs to be done is to improve services to consumers and improve their attitude toward innovation in the implementation and development of SMEs’ businesses. Research limitations/implications This research is limited to research on the inhibiting factors for SME technology innovation from the aspect of the production sector. This research has not studied various business fields in the trade, service and digital SME sectors. Future studies can reveal factors inhibiting SME technological innovation, except production aspects and various SME business fields. In addition, this study has not analyzed the cost of technological innovation provided by SMEs. Therefore, future studies could also reveal the large costs of technological innovation provided by SMEs. Originality/value This research investigates barriers hindering the SMEs’ technological innovations in Southeast Asia, including Indonesia as a maritime country. It also formulates strategies to reduce the barriers to SME’s technological innovation and contributes to the development of knowledge of technological innovations in SMEs. Moreover, this paper involves investigating government support from a nonfinancial aspect. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this aspect has not been much discussed by studies on innovation at SMEs till now.
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Zhurylo, Iryna. "Management of Efficiency of Product Innovations in Machine-building Branch." Central Ukrainian Scientific Bulletin. Economic Sciences, no. 4(37) (September 28, 2020): 189–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.32515/2663-1636.2020.4(37).189-202.
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The article is devoted to the study of the reasons for low efficiency of innovative activity of Ukrainian machine-building enterprises, as well as to the improvement of organizational aspects of this process. Specific aspects of the innovation process that have a direct impact on the effectiveness of scientific and technical innovations are identified. Innovation management involves determining the algorithm for the phased implementation of innovative measures with clear consideration at all stages of such specific aspects of the innovation process: conceptual aspect (understanding of current trends in scientific and technological progress, as well as assessment of product innovation from the point of view of the manufacturer and consumer); strategic aspect and goal orientation; organizational aspect (effective management, availability of qualified specialists, flexible organizational management structure); time aspect (strict control over the cycle of creation and development of new products); cost (resource) aspect (achieving economic effect from the commercial implementation of innovations, justification of the decision on the source of innovation: the acquisition of a license or own development); methodological aspect (application of effective methodological approaches, systematic interaction of specialists in the field of pre-project research and design, relevant calculations and justifications). Particular attention is paid to the method of effective interaction of marketing and design professionals in order to form a system of optimal technical and economic indicators of future innovation. The statement to the designer of the project task, which is based on the consensus of market and scientific and technical interests, should be the basis of such interaction. It is proposed to make appropriate changes and additions to existing regulations governing the procedure for research and development.
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SELIKHOV, Sergii. "ALGORITHM OF MANAGERIAL INNOVATIONS IMPLEMENTATION AT THE WINEMAKING INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES." Ukrainian Journal of Applied Economics 4, no. 4 (October 30, 2019): 257–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.36887/2415-8453-2019-4-30.
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The cost of modern innovative methods in winemaking requires finding ways to optimize the use of enterprise resources and reduce production costs. Another effective way is to introduce process innovation. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the feasibility of implementing managerial innovations in wineries and to determine the algorithm for assessing the readiness of the environment for their implementation. The directions of introduction of managerial innovations are considered. The types of managerial innovations in the field of personnel management are presented: recruiting, personnel audit and personnel coaching. The experience of foreign countries in the managerial innovations implementation is considered. Aspects of the analysis of the need for managerial innovations implementation are identified: as a tool and as a consequence. The introduction features of product and technical and technological innovations are determined. The definition of the concept of «organizational lag» has been given, which reflects the implementation of industrial innovations in the old management structures and methods, which reduces both their efficiency and the enterprise as a whole. The role of communication process in the enterprise management system is considered. The algorithm of communication aspects estimation of managerial innovations implementation at the enterprises by organizational, information, technological, social and psychological subsystems is presented. The role of the organizational management structure and the information subsystem in providing effective communications is presented. The role of the human factor in the communication process is defined. Using the developed algorithm will allow to identify bottlenecks in the communication process and to determine ways of overcoming them. Depending on the problems identified, their depth, importance and urgency, various measures may be taken to improve the enterprise communication system and approaches to regulating staff work: economic stimulation, adjustment of the social and psychological climate in the team, conflict resolution, professional development and training in terms of preparing staff for innovative changes etc. Keywords: management, innovation, communication, organization, personnel, enterprise, algorithm, socio-psychological climate, conflict, labor productivity, efficiency.
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Teodoriu, Catalin, and Opeyemi Bello. "An Outlook of Drilling Technologies and Innovations: Present Status and Future Trends." Energies 14, no. 15 (July 26, 2021): 4499. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14154499.
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The present article analyzes the technological advancement and innovations related to drilling operations. It covers the review of currently proven and emerging technologies that could mitigate the drilling operational deficiencies and instabilities that could hinder operational performance activities and the economic part of drilling development with great effort to minimize their environmental footprint. Drilling system design and operations are among the major aspects and cost-effective endeavors of the oil and gas industries, which are therefore technology dependent. They are also considered to be among the most expensive operations in the world, as they require huge expenses daily. Drilling success, depending on prevalent conditions, is a function of several general factors. These include the selection of the best technologies and tools, procedural optimization, concrete problem-solving, accurate prediction, and rapid decision-making. Consequently, any sorts of tools or advanced technologies that can improve the time-efficient operational and economic performance of drilling activities are essential and demanded. The paper provides a review of available technologies and developmental innovations based on both company-based and academic research-enabled drilling solutions over the past 5 years in the field of drilling systems and technological design. The paper further highlighted potential technologies that could be tapped in from other industries and could possibly be adopted by pushing the conventional boundaries of drilling operations.
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Kasaev, Boris Sultanovich, and Azat Ashatovich Razakov. "The Problems of Investment in Innovations, Range of Products and Technological Re-equipment of the Construction Corporation." Studies in Engineering and Technology 2, no. 1 (July 30, 2015): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/set.v2i1.992.
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The article considers the current state of the investment process in innovations applied to the construction companies in Russia. The subject of research: problems of investing in innovations, expansion and technological re-equipment of the construction corporation. The article covers the following topics: the study of statistical data regarding the present state of the construction sector. Object: to identify the main problems and the tendencies of development of the investment processes to provide innovations in the conditions of the transformed economy. The work carried out processing statistical information, which allowed the state to give the quantitative characteristics of the construction sector and its role in the economic development of Russia, as well as in the formation of federal budget revenues. The study used methods of system analysis, synthesis, complex approach, comparison, modeling and other methods of cognition. It is concluded that the presence of a wide range of indicators of the state of the economy in the sectoral and territorial aspects. A substantial increase in the state's share of investing activities in crisis and post-crisis period. It is concluded that the gradual transition of the Russian construction industry, the path to the updated development involves restructuring algorithms to achieve growth. A key source providing this transition should be a systematic approach to innovation. In this regard, the structure of long-term socio-economic development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2020 shall be implemented in two successive stages.
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Mancini, Maria Cecilia, Filippo Arfini, and Marianna Guareschi. "Innovation and typicality in localised agri-food systems: the case of PDO Parmigiano Reggiano." British Food Journal 121, no. 12 (November 21, 2019): 3043–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-10-2018-0662.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the determinants and the impact of some of the more significant innovations applied to the localised agri-food systems (LAFSs) bearing a (Geographical indication) GI product, considering the multi-faceted aspects of innovation and how the producers have managed the implementation of such innovations. Design/methodology/approach Parmigiano Reggiano (PR) system is considered as a representative GI product, with the system showing the features of an LAFS in terms of governance, territorial reputation and quality perceived by consumers. PR innovations from 1860 to 2015 are analyszed and classified as technological and organisational. Three determinants of innovations are identified in the PR LAFS: consumer needs; value chain (VC) strategies; and governance. Finally, the innovation impact on the VC, product quality and rural development are studied. Findings The analysis shows the positive and negative impacts of innovations. The main finding is that governance action is crucial to pursuing quality strategies and maintaining economic value at production level. Research limitations/implications The research analyses some of the more significant innovations applied to the PR VC. Despite a large number of innovations were introduced from 1860, the authors had to choose just some of them, considering also the availability of dates. Practical implications The research gives some recommendation to the PR Consortium, in specific, or governance institutions in LAFS context in general, to achieve rural development goals. The research shows that governance action is crucial to pursuing quality strategy and to maintaining economic value at production level. This implies that instead of simply raising yield per cow, the VC should aim at increasing (or maintaining) the value of production by the way of marketing strategies. Organisational, marketing and technological innovations adopted in synergy and in joint agreement among the chain actors would bring mutual benefit for the VC and for the territory. Social implications The research shows the trade-off between VC competiveness and rural development. In fact, the increase of VC competiveness involves a growth of cost of production and the decrease of labour force. Thus, it creates a loss of employee and increases the distance between dairies with high amount of capital and familiar/smaller dairies which have low amount of capital to invert, that obstructs rural development especially in disadvantage area. Originality/value The paper analyses the determinants and the impact of some of the more significant innovations applied to LAFS which are home to a GI product, considering the multi-faceted aspects of innovation and how producers have managed the implementation of such innovations. It underlines implication on territory and sustainability.
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Sutton, Adam. "Resistance is Futile? Ceramic Technology and Social Change in Later Iron Age and Early Roman Britain: Silchester Ware as a Case Study." Britannia 51 (July 8, 2020): 53–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068113x20000355.
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ABSTRACTWhile the basic sequence of innovations that characterise ceramic production in southern Britain during the first centuries b.c. and a.d. is well-established, our understanding of resistance to these innovations remains in its infancy. Led by the theoretical principles of social constructionism, this paper presents a detailed technological characterisation of Silchester ware, a hand-built ceramic type common in late Iron Age and early Roman Berkshire and northern Hampshire, and a conspicuous example of technological and stylistic anachronism when compared to contemporary wheel-made pottery. Multi-period analyses using radiography, petrography and typology indicate that Silchester ware was not merely a technological ‘hangover’, but a traditional form of material culture with its own role in changing socio-economic structures. Contextualisation of the findings within the local archaeological background further suggests that Silchester ware may have been instrumental in the maintenance of local community and identity at a time when these aspects of social life were under threat. Supplementary material available online (https://doi.org/10.1017/S0068113X20000355) comprises a characterisation of the chaînes opératoires of Silchester ware and its middle Iron Age antecedents, and a summarised version of the data, interpretations and the original radiographs.
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Trofymenko, Olena O. "Conceptual Foundations of Innovative Development of National Economy in the Context of Technological Ways and Power Innovations." Scientific Bulletin of Mukachevo State University Series “Economics” 8, no. 1 (March 24, 2021): 105–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.52566/msu-econ.8(1).2021.105-119.
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The relevance of the study is conditioned by changing approaches to the development of the national economy based on energy innovation in the context of aspects of greening the economy, energy independence, energy conservation and synergy of innovation. The purpose of this study is to develop a conceptual model of innovative development of the national economy in the energy sector in the context of established trends of increasing energy consumption. The study was conducted in two stages based on a systematic approach involving general scientific theoretical methods, namely analysis, synthesis, systematisation, generalisation, and structural method. The paper substantiates the need to study innovative national economic development within the energy sector based on the works of foreign scientists. The study considered the main approaches to the definition of the term “innovation” in the context of economic space, including process-oriented and functionally effective ones. The paper established the relationship between the stages of the life cycle of innovation and the development level of the national economy. The study also provides the characteristic of change of technological ways of social and economic relations within the limits of historical retrospect. The structural and functional features of the category “development” are determined in order to study the conceptual foundations of innovative development of the national economy. The study highlights the main models of innovative development in world practice. The author identified the specific features the basic concepts of innovative development of the national economy in the energy sector, including “cluster concept”, “alternative energy”, “Smart Grid”, “concept of sustainable development”, based on which the author created the conceptual model for the innovative economic development in the energy sector. Prospects for further research involve the study of the practical application of the model created for the innovative economic development in the energy sector
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Kazhmuratova, Aigerim, Sandigul Akhmetkaliyeva, Aigul Boltaeva, and Aisulu Moldabekova. "Introduction of environmental innovations in the Republic of Kazakhstan." E3S Web of Conferences 159 (2020): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015901005.
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This article discusses the widespread use by countries of environmental innovations and new technologies, which will soon bring serious economic and social changes to the life of all mankind. The need for radical changes in methods and means of environmental protection, which reduce the technological impact on the biosphere of the earth, and contributing to the preservation of human health, is shown. Under the conditions of technoglobalism, the development of environmental innovations brings serious economic and social changes to the life of all mankind, the transition of national economies to a system of qualitatively safe energy and environmental development. This is due to the fact that the planning and implementation of the material progress of society often does not take into account the ecological foundations of the coexistence of society and the environment. The modern concept of quality of life covers all aspects of the interaction between man and the environment, and ecology is becoming a priority for the development of innovative economies in developed countries. In this context, Kazakhstan intends to continue to work to stimulate and encourage innovation and investment in the environmentally friendly production of goods and services, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and apply climate-resilient technologies.
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Preobrazhenskiy, Yuri, and Anna Firsova. "Re-balancing of intensive and extensive factors in the center-peripheral system under the influence of technological development." Journal of the Geographical Institute Jovan Cvijic, SASA 71, no. 1 (2021): 59–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ijgi2101059p.
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Regional development prospects depend on a set of factors, among which the most essential are the population density, distance between actors, and the level of development. Those aspects are revealed, on one hand, while analyzing the type of regional development (intensive or extensive), and on the other hand, from the standpoint of the center-peripheral model. An assessment of the sectoral structure of employed people in the economy of the region and the population density are also used to identify the development type. The combination of these approaches makes it possible to identify the regional capacity for innovations diffusion and knowledge spillover. The aim of the research is to assess regional differences in the economy sectoral structure for identifying the innovative and extensive types of Russian regions. There are other methods used in the research as well: cartographic analysis, structural-sectoral analysis, and typology. The types of regions characterized by disproportions of intensive and extensive development have been identified. Measures are proposed to realize the regional economic potential. The issues of the territorial transformation of the settlement system and economic space are discussed. Further research is associated with an extended analysis of intensive development factors and cross-county comparison of the factors of innovations diffusion intensity and knowledge spillover.
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Tushkevych, O. S. "Theoretical fundamentals of development of the innovation theory." Collected Works of Uman National University of Horticulture 2, no. 98 (June 20, 2021): 232–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31395/2415-8240-2021-98-2-232-244.
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Theoretical aspects of innovation theory and its categorical apparatus are considered in the article. Development of ideas about the place and importance of innovation in the spread of innovative theories and approaches to the categories of "innovation" and "innovative development" are analyzed. Own reasoning is presented and own definition of investigated terms that based on the analysis is given. Knowing of theoretical essentials of innovations will enable to create an effective system of management of innovation processes at the enterprise. From this point of view it is expedient to consider the definitions of innovations and their classification. In given article, an author reveals the notions of innovation and innovation process that exist in economic literature by now, considers existing classifications of innovations. An author also gives his own classification of innovations, reveals his understanding of notion of innovation. Currently, the term "innovation" is found everywhere. It has become especially widespread in the sphere of production, although it is not limited to it and applies to almost all areas of human activity. The world and domestic economy form a new paradigm of development, which is based on the growing relationship between socio-economic development of society and new technologies, the global nature of the creation and use of research and development. The creation and implementation of innovations becomes the main internal factor and the key to uture economic growth. As world experience shows, the successful use of scientific and technological progress can significantly affect the course of economic processes and significantly accelerate them. The term "innovative development" consists of two categories – "innovation" and "development". As they are widely used in almost all fields of knowledge and areas of activity, they do not have an unambiguous definition and are the subject of research by domestic and foreign scientists of various profiles.
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Butova, E. O. "Scientific and Innovative Aspects of Regional Economic Development." Economics and Management, no. 2 (April 11, 2020): 146–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.35854/1998-1627-2020-2-146-156.
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Innovation-driven development of the Russian economy requires a consistent national policy aimed at boosting scientific and innovative activity in the regions, which would facilitate the development of entrepreneurship and technology. It also plays an important role in ensuring the socio-economic progress of the regions and efficiency of income distribution.Aim. The presented study aims to examine the potential directions for optimizing scientific and innovative activity in regional socio-economic development and to identify factors that facilitate the intensification of innovative activity in the regions.Tasks. The authors conduct a correlation analysis between scientific and economic development of the regions with allowance for such factors as the level of education of the population and the number of researchers engaged in research and development (R&D). They also assess the current state of scientific and innovative activity and the national policy on the formation of the scientific and innovative potential of the regions.Methods. The methodological basis of the study of the scientific and innovative aspects of regional economic development includes correlation-regression analysis and abstract logical methods.Results. This study substantiates the role of scientific and innovative activity in regional economic development; determines a positive correlation between regional economic growth and the number of researchers; establishes an inverse correlation between scientific and economic development based on the dependence of innovative activity in the regions on the accumulated scientific potential; empirically assesses the impact of innovative factors on regional economic growth and proposes directions for improving the efficiency of the regional system of science and innovation.Conclusions. Concentrations of knowledge are analyzed as agglomerations of expenses on research and development, science and technology. This leads to an increase in the number of scientists, engineers, scientific and technological personnel of innovative enterprises in various Russian regions. A correlation analysis between scientific and economic regional development shows that per-capita GRP growth rate by the number of researchers is statistically significant, which means there are several factors affecting this dependence: geographical accessibility of higher education, university expenses on infrastructure and services, job creation, additional revenue from students from other countries and regions. It is established that efficient regional higher education systems and innovative development have a positive effect on regional economic development. The conducted analysis shows that a policy on the innovative development of resource regions should be based on government support that would facilitate the creation of innovations and strengthening of scientific potential.
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Astafieva, Olga, and Susanna Deryagina. "MODERN ASPECTS OF SETTING OF NORMS OF NEGATIVE IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT." Биосферная совместимость: человек, регион, технологии, no. 2(26) (July 1, 2019): 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21869/23-11-1518-2019-26-2-3-14.
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The article substantiates the need to improve the state regulation of the environment in the Russian Fed-eration. The goals, objectives and main innovations of the perspective mechanism of regulation – the system of technological setting of norms of negative impact on the environment (NIE) on the basis of the best availa-ble technologies (BAT) are defined. It is shown that in accordance with the basic principle of modern man-agement systems - the principle of consistent improvement, there is a need for continuous monitoring of new technological and technical developments, first of all Russian. It's given a brief socio-economic and environ-mental assessment of the situation in the Ural Federal district (UrFD), on the territory of which there are al-most 24 percent of the objects of economic activity, exerting significant NIE (objects I category) and related to the fields of application of BAT. Marked by the activity of economic entities of the UrFD, as in the develop-ment of information and technical reference book (ITRB) on the BAT and in the testing of new ecological leg-islation. It was defined that more than 50 percent of the NIE facilities, which will primarily begin to introduce a new system of regulation in the district, are oil and gas production facilities that are part of companies whose environmental policy already includes the use of BAT for consistently reducing of the negative impact on the environment and environmental risks. It is accented attention on the difficultie of transition to auto-mated accounting of emissions into the atmosphere, which is a prerequisite for obtaining an integrated envi-ronmental permit (IEP). Analysis of the available information on the content of the Federal project “Intro-duction of the best available technologies” allowed to formulate the positive aspects and disadvantages of the proposed for realisation of project.
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Dal Ferro, Nicola, Carlo Camarotto, Ilaria Piccoli, Antonio Berti, Jane Mills, and Francesco Morari. "Stakeholder Perspectives to Prevent Soil Organic Matter Decline in Northeastern Italy." Sustainability 12, no. 1 (January 2, 2020): 378. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12010378.
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A transition from conventional to more sustainable soil management measures (SMMs) is required to reverse the current soil organic matter (SOM) losses in the agroecosystems. Despite the innovations and technologies that are available to prevent SOM decline, top–down knowledge transfer schemes that incentivize a certain measure are often ineffective. Here, we discuss relevant outcomes from a participatory approach where researchers, farmers, practitioners and government officials have discussed opportunities and barriers around SMM application to prevent SOM decline. Within a series of workshops, stakeholders identified, scored, and selected SMMs to field-tests and evaluated the benefits and drawbacks from their application. Results showed that the stakeholders recognized the need for innovations, although they valued the most promising SMM as already available continuous soil cover and conservation agriculture. In contrast, more innovative SMMs, such as biochar use and the variable rate application of organic amendments through precision farming, were the least valued, suggesting that people’s resistance to new technologies is often governed by the socio-cultural perception of them that goes beyond the economic and technological aspects. The valuation of benefits and drawbacks by stakeholders on trialed measures emphasized that stakeholders’ perspective about soil management is a combination of economic, environmental, and socio-cultural aspects, thus corroborating the need for transdisciplinary bottom–up approaches to prevent SOM depletion and increase soil rehabilitation and SOM content.
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Vorobieva, O. V. "About Problems and Prospects of Humanities and Humanitarian Education in Russia." Vysshee Obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia 28, no. 11 (December 3, 2019): 22–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31992/0869-3617-2019-28-11-22-33.
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The article presents reflections on the problems and prospects of humanities and humanitarian education in Russia, taking into account the basic program documents of the Russian state in the field of science and education. The author believes that in these documents the so-called social and humanitarian aspects characterizing functioning of science and innovations are insufficiently thought out. Meanwhile, these aspects reveal a powerful conglomerate of problems and opportunities – from the use of social and cultural knowledge as one of the sources of creativity and innovation, to the the implementation of forecasts and foresight, expert perception of development scenarios and managerial decisions, identifying risks and consequences in the process of increasing influence of science on nature, society and man, formation of value orientations and educational prospects. It is noted that in this situation it is very important to move away from a predominantly technocratic and economic understanding of the priorities and results of the scientific and technological development of Russia for a historical perspective, to avoid reducing information about the progress of a person, society, and the state to technological and economic criteria; to recognize a special status of Humanities, social sciences, and education as the most important resource confronting the technologically accelerated destruction of nature and society, to view them as a factor of cognition, dialogue and management.
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KOSTETSKYІ, Volodymyr, and Ivan PRYMACHENKO. "MODERN ASPECTS OF SEARCHING INCENTIVES TO INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY OF BUSINESS ENTITIES." WORLD OF FINANCE, no. 2(63) (2020): 126–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/sf2020.02.126.
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Introduction. In In today’s conditions of economic development, business entities face the challenge of reformatting systems, methods and economic mechanisms for managing sustainability in terms of innovative approach. Therefore, the solution of economic, social, managerial and personal problems in contemporary society implies a specific innovative style of management, which is based on innovation, innovation, systematic and continuous innovation activities. The purpose is to identificatt the positive trends and shortcomings of the processes of innovative development of economic entities that exist in Ukraine, and to clarificate of modern scientific approaches to encourage businesses to innovate in order to ensure financial stability and innovative development of the country’s economy. Results. The study of the mechanism of innovation activity allows us to conclude that the formation and development of an innovative management strategy by an economic entity is an integration process that combines the processes of forecasting, planning and accounting of the resource base of the enterprise in the long-term, medium-term and short-term prospects in the new conditions modernization of the state economy. Creating a national innovation system is to build a holistic system that effectively transforms new knowledge into new technologies, products and services that find their real consumers in national or global markets. At the same time, attention should be paid to the development of an innovative strategy by each domestic enterprise, which will create conditions for positive trends in the development of this process. Conclusions. Innovations are essentially related to the cyclical development of the economy, as they initiate new technological developments. Therefore, in an innovative economy, the state plays an important role in implementing anti-cyclical economic regulation, smoothing out cyclical fluctuations and mitigating their effects. To ensure the further development of innovation in Ukraine, it is necessary to comprehensively use methods to stimulate innovation, in particular the improvement of tax legislation; improving the legal framework for venture funds; improving the mechanism of protection of intellectual property rights; ensuring effective cooperation between the scientific and business sectors in the field of innovation.
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Nijkamp, P., and W. Stöhr. "Technology Policy at the Crossroads of Economic Policy and Physical Planning." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 6, no. 4 (December 1988): 371–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c060371.
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Technology policy must be considered as a tailor-made endeavour towards the creation of specific innovative activities in specific sectors and at specific locations. It therefore cannot be implemented only from the national level but must be aimed at mobilizing also the self-organizing potential at regional and local levels. Technological change and regional structures turn out to be closely interrelated. For this theme issue contributions have been invited on general aspects of technology policy (Zegveld), on its regional implications (Malecki and Nijkamp), and on the relevance of sectoral policies and entrepreneurial strategies on the spatial diffusion of innovations (Dyckman and Swyngedouw). In further papers, three spatial types of technology policy are represented: A spatially deconcentrated major technology project in the form of the French technology city Sophia-Antipolis (Perrin), a decentralized three-tier national technology policy in Japan (Kawashima and Stöhr), and a federal setting of technology policy in the case of the USA (Premus). In drawing conclusions from the papers in this theme issue, its editors discuss the question of how technology policy and regional policy can join to help create a broad entrepreneurial and innovative climate at the local scale.
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HOWALDT, JÜRGEN, DMITRI DOMANSKI, and CHRISTOPH KALETKA. "SOCIAL INNOVATION: TOWARDS A NEW INNOVATION PARADIGM." RAM. Revista de Administração Mackenzie 17, no. 6 (December 2016): 20–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-69712016/administracao.v17n6p20-44.
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ABSTRACT Purpose: Against the backdrop of clear paradoxes and confusion in prevailing innovation policies, the contours of a new innovation paradigm, as elaborated in this paper, are becoming visible and causing social innovation to grow in importance. Originality/gap/relevance/implications: However, innovation research is still lacking sustained and systematic analysis of social innovation, its theories, characteristics, and impacts. The purpose of this paper is to focus on a theoretically sound concept of social innovation as a precondition for an integrated theory of socio-technological innovation in which social innovation is more than an appendage of technological innovation. Key methodological aspects: The paper presents first empirical results of the global research project "SI-DRIVE: Social Innovation - Driving Force of Social Change" and introduces key findings of a global mapping of social innovation initiatives. This quantitative mapping is based upon 1.005 social innovation initiatives. Summary of key results: The mapping underlines the broad range of actors involved in the mapped initiatives and thereby confirms the need for a cross-sectoral concept of social innovation. It reveals a high diversity of social needs and societal challenges addressed by the initiatives as well as a high dependency on networks. The results also show that 90% of the initiatives are scaling. Key considerations/conclusions: Finally, on the basis of these empirical results, a recourse to Gabriel Tarde's social theory allows us to widen a perspective which was narrowed to economic and technological innovations by Schumpeter and after him by the sociology of technology, and to include social innovations in all their diversity.
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Tomar, Dr Reeta. "PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN SCIENTIFIC INNOVATION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: CASE STUDY OF SOLAR ENERGY IN INDIA." International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research 4, no. 12 (April 23, 2020): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/ijetmr.v4.i12.2017.589.
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Scientific advances and technological changes are new key partners of economic growth anddevelopment. Scientific innovation has become a new source of wealth creation, improvementin quality of life and social wellbeing. India as a developing nation is facing many economicgrowth and development challenges like unemployment, poverty, hunger, scarcity ofresources, etc. To overcome these problems, new scientific innovations in the field ofrenewable energy can provide useful solutions. In the above context, economic analysis ofJawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (NSM) launched in 2010 by GOI is quite relevant.The NSM provide cheap and clean source of energy and job opportunities in India. The aim ofthis paper is to analysis NSM and other solar projects from various aspects of economicgrowth and to explore areas of investment for scientific innovation in such type of projects.This study is explanatory in nature. This study concludes positively that the development ofsolar energy can give solutions to many economic problems of rural electrification,unemployment, climate change, regional development, etc. Thus, India with its increasingpopulation and limited natural resources needs to use solar energy innovatively to achieve allround development.
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Gremmen, Bart, Vincent Blok, and Bernice Bovenkerk. "Responsible Innovation for Life: Five Challenges Agriculture Offers for Responsible Innovation in Agriculture and Food, and the Necessity of an Ethics of Innovation." Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 32, no. 5-6 (October 18, 2019): 673–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10806-019-09808-w.
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Abstract In this special issue we will investigate, from the perspective of agricultural ethics (e.g. animal welfare, agricultural and food ethics, environmental ethics etc.) the potential to develop a Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) approach to agriculture, and the limitations to such an enterprise. RRI is an emerging field in the European research and innovation (R&I) policy context that aims to balance economic, socio-cultural and environmental aspects in innovation processes. Because technological innovations can contribute significantly to the solution of societal challenges like climate change or food security, but can also have negative societal consequences, it is assumed that social and ethical aspects should be considered during the R&I process. For this reason, the emerging concept of RRI calls for ethical reflection on the nature, scope and applicability of responsibility and innovation in innovation practices in general, and the way social–ethical issues can be applied and addressed in agriculture.
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T. M., T. M. "The Theoretical-Conceptual Aspects of Clustering as the Basis for Innovative Development of Industrial Enterprises." Business Inform 5, no. 520 (2021): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2021-5-82-88.
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The article is aimed at forming the theoretical-conceptual aspects of clustering as the basis for innovative development of industrial enterprises in modern transformational conditions of economic management. According to the results of the research, it is identified that the clustering process is directed towards forming an innovative system, that is, a combination of science and production, which ensures the transformation of new knowledge into competitive goods and services. The creation of cluster associations will enable the State and local governments to stimulate the innovatively oriented development of domestic industrial enterprises through the formation of a regional economic system in which economic entities of various industry sectors and forms of ownership create organizational-economic associations of suppliers and consumers of products and services based on international management standards. Innovatively oriented development of Ukraine shows that with the existing scientific potential, we are unacceptably lagged in terms of the share of intellectual property in public wealth and GDP. The primary causes are the following: insufficient budget financing; low demand for innovations on the part of business; low level of development of innovative entrepreneurship and innovation infrastructure; taxation which is fiscal rather than stimulating; high level of corruption; inaccessible lending and unstable system of insurance of technological and commercial risks. On the basis of the carried out research, the concept of clustering is proposed as the basis for innovatively oriented development of industrial enterprises. The clustering process solves many problems, forms the institutional foundation for the creation of a post-industrial information-based economy, strengthening the financial competitiveness of the regions and solving their socio-economic problems.
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Paraniuk, Yaroslav. "Methodological aspects of evaluating the efficiency of innovation projects." Herald of Ternopil National Economic University, no. 2(88) (June 6, 2018): 66–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/visnyk2018.02.066.
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Antoniuk L. L. Innovatsii : teoriia, mekhanizm rozrobky ta omertsializatsii : monohrafiia [Innovations : theory, mechanism of development and commercialization : monograph]. Kyiv : KNEU, 2003, 394 p. [in Ukrainian]. Mykytiuk P. P., Krysko Zh. L., Hrynchutskyi V. I. ta in. Innovatsiinyi mekhanizm upravlinnia subiektamy hospodariuvannia : monohrafiia [Innovative mechanism of managing entities : monograph].Ternopil : Ekonomichna dumka, 2014, 450 p. [in Ukrainian]. Mykytyuk P. P., Brych V. Ya., Fedirko M. V. et al. Metodychni pidkhody do stratehichnoho upravlinnia diialnistiu pidpryiemstva : monohrafiia [Methodological approaches to strategic management of enterprise performance : monograph]. Ternopil : TNEU, 2017, 399 p. [in Ukrainian]. Mykytiuk P. P. Analiz vplyvu investytsiy ta innovatsiy na efektyvnist hospodarskoi diyalnosti pidpryiemstva : monohrafiia [Analysis of the impact of investments and innovations on the efficiency of enterprise performance : monograph]. Ternopi l: TNEU, 2007, 296 p. [in Ukrainian]. Mykytyuk P. P. Analiz innovatsiinoi diialnosti na pidpryiemstvakh budivelnoi haluzi [Analysis of innovative activities of construction enterprises]. Ekonomichnyi analiz – Economic Analysis, 2011, No.9, p. 202-205 [in Ukrainian]. Mykytiuk P. P. Brych V. Ya., Paraniuk Ya. D. et al. Upravlinnia proektamy: navch.posib. dlia stud. vyshch. navch. zakl. [Project management : study guide].Ternopil : Ekonomichna dumka TNEU, 2017, 300 p. [in Ukrainian]. Mykytiuk P. P. Investytsiino-innovatsiinyi menedzhment : navch. posib. dlia stud. vyshch. navch. zakl. [Investment and Innovation Management]. Ternopil : Ekonomichna dumka TNEU, 2015, 452 p. [in Ukrainian]. Overchuk A. V. Teoretychni aspekty finansovoho planuvannia [Theoretical aspects offinancial planning]. Visnyk Zhytomyrskoh derzhavnoho tekhnolohichnoho universytetu – Bulletin of Zhytomyr State Technological University, 2014, No. 1, p. 99-106, from http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/ Vzhdtu_econ_2014_1_15 [in Ukrainian]. Prystemskyi O. S. Samofinansuvannia yak osnova zabezpechennia finansovoi bezpeky pidpryiemstva [ Self -financing as a basis for ensuring financial security of the enterprise]. Visnyk Berdianskoho universytetu menedzhmentu i biznesu – Bulletin of Berdyansk University of Management and Business, 2012, No. 4 (20), p. 106-108 [in Ukrainian]. Telyshevska L. I. Pershocherhovi umovy aktyvizatsii innovatsiinoi diialnosti yak osnovytovarnoi polityky suchasnykh pidpryiemstv [Starting points for promoting innovationactivities as the basis of product policies of modern enterpri ses]. Ekonomika promyslovosti – Economy of Industry, 2011, No. 2-3 (54-55), p. 88-192 [in Ukrainian].
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Semionovaitė, Evelina, Edita Baranskaitė, and Daiva Labanauskaitė. "Innovations driven sharing economy in the context of tourism business." University Economic Bulletin, no. 45 (May 27, 2020): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2306-546x-2020-45-48-52.
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Relevance of research topic. Innovations penetration is increasing very fast because of technologies development, society attitude and economic benefit. It transforms traditional businesses to new models and forms. One of the recent trends is sharing economy. It grows very fast and is being introduced in more sectors. One of the biggest growths is in tourism sector. There are some challenges both for the society and science. Research problem: the discussions about the sharing economy, its benefits and threats, implications for the traditional economy are increasing in the literature [7; 17; 18; 20; 34]. However, the scope of sharing economy in each sector of the economy may be approached differently and different aspects may be emphasized. More and more researchers [2; 8] are also attempting to analyze the impact of sharing on the economy, but there is still a lack of common definitions, clear links between innovations and sharing economy in tourism business. Research aim: to identify the concept of sharing economy, it’s features as well as causes and outcomes in the context of tourism business. Method or methodology for conducting research. Scientific literature analysis method is used to achieve this aim. Results of work. Literature analysis revealed that sharing economy is based on C2C based business model where innovations enable the sharing underutilized assets. Sharing economy is accelerated by technological development and lower cost. New trends also impact and transform tourism sector. There are some advantages and disadvantages for the sector.
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Chais, Cassiane, Paula Patrícia Ganzer, and Pelayo Munhoz Olea. "Technology transfer between universities and companies." Innovation & Management Review 15, no. 1 (February 5, 2018): 20–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/inmr-02-2018-002.
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Purpose This paper aims to research how technology transfer occurs, based on the Schumpeterian approach to innovation trilogy focusing on the interaction between the university and the company. Design/methodology/approach The methodology used for this study was the analysis of two cases with an exploratory and qualitative approach. The case study subjects were two Brazilian universities: University of Campinas (UNICAMP) and University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS). Semi-structured interviews were used as the data collection technique, whereas content analysis was used as the analysis technique. Findings The main results showed the need of companies and universities to understand that working in collaborative technology research contributes to the transformation of applied research into technological innovations that can transform society. Research limitations/implications The research’s limitations were the unfeasibility of studying the government helix, the lack of clear and established processes within universities so that a comparison between the cases would be possible and the lack of access to technology contracts, as they are considered confidential. In addition, the use of two cases is considered a limitation, as it is not possible to generalize the conclusions pointed out by the study. Originality/value With this research, the authors were able to conclude that the university–industry interaction process has been improving, but it still needs to advance in organizational aspects. Some of the aspects to be considered are the adjustments for the institutions’ internal policies, the existing negotiations, the researchers’ behavior regarding the dissemination of the innovation culture and the performance of the technological innovation centers, which gradually are being trained to work in the market as well as in the university. It is necessary that primarily companies and universities understand that they must join efforts in collaborative technological research, so that the financial resources invested are not only accepted as published articles in qualified journals but also turn into technological innovations accepted by the market. All this investment must return as new products, services and technologies that generate local, regional, national and even international impact, implementing new types of businesses and new markets and yielding an economic impact in the country, thus generating innovation and social well-being.
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Dubinin, S. "The Modern Financial Conglomerates Competition." World Economy and International Relations 65, no. 8 (2021): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2021-65-8-14-21.
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The national and worldwide financial markets were dramatically reorganized in the after financial crisis 2007–2009 years period. The financial systems development faced new macroeconomic environment. The financial conglomerates are actively competing on the financial markets in now day situation. The financial institutes’ competitiveness is determined more and more by the factor of financial innovations on the information technology base. And the competition is escalating. This is the result of the IT companies, eCommerce firm’s invasion in the financial area. They are using the marketplace, information platform, the Big Data technologies. The major world commercial banks answer is the business-model change. The banking sector, the financial companies, in their turn, are targeting to expend their personal client service orientation with the Fintech ecosystems instruments. The banks became the management centers of the financial conglomerates and banking groups. Their role today is realizing the asset control over the SPV, investment funds, pension funds, insurance companies, which are transformed into the financial conglomerate’s divisions. The financial sphere space extends and so far, the prudential regulation and authorities’ activity spreads to all financial business aspects. This government activity is targeting today also on the international multipole competition. For example, the USA technological and financial innovations on the global financial markets are combined with the multilateral and unilateral economic sanctions aimed at banning the Chinese economic and political expansion.
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Omelyanenko, Vitaliy. "INSTITUTIONAL STRATEGIES OF SYSTEM SECURITY OF TECHNOLOGICAL & INNOVATION SYSTEMS." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 5, no. 1 (March 22, 2019): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2019-5-1-150-159.
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The purpose of this study is to consider the main aspects of system security providing institutional concept within the technological & innovation systems research methodology development through institutional innovations. In this paper, we will consider how the new evolutionary institutional theory of economic systems in the context of the space-time approach can help in organizing strategic management of development path of the innovation system, increasing system security, and effectiveness of its activities through the balance of system structure. Methodology. The scientific novelty of the research and the solution of its tasks deals, first of all, with the application of the non-system approach, which allows one to consider the factors and results of functioning of such complex economic systems as innovation macro projects, innovation processes, institutional and informational environments, etc. within the framework of providing national security. Involvement on a systematic basis of spatiotemporal analysis allows us to consider in the interrelation processes the distribution of flows of innovation resources and functions, on the one hand, and the distribution in time of similar flows. To solve the tasks of research, the classical scientific methods (analysis and synthesis, logical generalization, analogies, comparative comparison, and grapho-analytical methods), and specific methods of high technologies economy and innovation management were used. Results. As a result of the study, the features of the systemic socio-economic patterns of the functioning of innovation system institutions and the mechanism of management of innovation development in the conditions of modern global technological transformations have been determined. In the future, this makes possible the substantiation of promising areas of state regulation (participation) aimed at activating innovation processes in the economy according to the priorities related to scientific and educational, cluster and network development, and the development of a set of models for the harmonization of the system of priorities of national security and sectoral priorities of innovation development. Using the gained knowledge in practice will help to improve the state of national security, resource saving, improve conditions, and increase labour productivity, as well as the transition to sustainable development of the national economy. Practical implications. Systemic coordination of innovation components of state programs, stimulation of innovation activity, involvement of financial strategies in the innovation economy, expansion of international cooperation and activation of demand for high-tech products, increasing the effectiveness of innovation development programs of companies, and launching of national projects have been proposed as the objectives of forming institutional innovations. The proposed institutional and technological design methodology provides for the selection of institutional tools and scaling of the most effective development tools. Value/originality. The proposed network mechanisms for systemic security ensuring provide the improvement of implementing innovative development programs for the largest companies with state participation; further development of priority technological platforms and innovation networks; harmonization of technological priorities and projects formed within the framework of technological platforms, with the tools of state strategies.
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AKBERDINA, Viktoriya V., and Ol'ga P. SMIRNOVA. "Cross-industry transformation: Structural modifications and innovative development." National Interests: Priorities and Security 17, no. 7 (July 15, 2021): 1238–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/ni.17.7.1238.
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Subject. The cross-industry transformation is viewed from perspectives of the cross-industry interaction in industrial complexes and the integration of industrial technologies, which can be used directly in unrelated industries, with the multiplicative effect giving an impetus to S&T development of the nation. Objectives. We identify key aspects and new technological trends in the industry and analyze the innovative activity as a driver of structural changes in the economy. Methods. The study is based on methods of systems, structural-functional, comparative, economic-statistical and comprehensive approaches to analyzing the safe and sustainable operation of industries. Results. The article reviews issues of the integration or intellectual and information technologies into business structures of the industrial production for profit-making and competitive advantages in the market. We determined versatile indicators of the sustainable industrial development as there technological changes induce the large transformation. We display the structure of the industrial sector over time by type of economic activity, analyzing the degree and dynamism of the innovative activity in high-tech, mid-tech and low-tech production. Despite the positive dynamics of the Industrial Production Index, the percentage of the industrial sector in GDP has been shrinking for several years in a row, with the major portion being contributed by the servicing sector. Conclusions and Relevance. The digitalization of the industrial sector is one of the principal trends in the global economic development, with digital cross-industrial technological processes prevailing in all industries, reshaping their structure and bringing innovations and modernization. The use and broad integration of digital technologies gives enterprises a competitive advantage for sustainable development, which is indispensable without additional financial injections into such technologies.
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Çinar Umdu, D., and E. Alakavuk. "UNDERSTANDING OF SMART CITIES, DIGITAL CITIES AND INTELLIGENT CITIES: SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIV-4/W3-2020 (November 23, 2020): 173–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliv-4-w3-2020-173-2020.
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Abstract. The modern world is fast in many ways and a place where technological innovations can be adapted immediately. This speed and technological progress can be seen as a kind of development. It has positive as well as negative aspects. Economic and social problems, population growth, consumption of resources, high energy use, environmental pollution and climate change are negative phenomena brought by the modern world. Cities can also be seen as units that work on different strategies and models due to fast living, environmental, social and economic problems. Especially developing urban technology, the increase in the population rate in the cities and environmental problems have led to the development and discussion of many terms and concepts in the architecture and design literature in the urbanization process. The word and concept accumulation they possess is too much to ignore. The concepts of smart city, digital city and intelligent city are the concepts put forward to solve the problems caused by the urban developing world. These three concepts are based on the use of urban technology and they are either confused with each other or their boundaries are not determined too much. In this study, while determining the boundaries of these concepts, which have a lot in common with each other, similarities and differences between the concepts were revealed and suggestions were made regarding the definitions of the concepts.
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Fontana, Karine, and Bagrat Yerznkyan. "Institutional specifics of IT-platforms in the management of urban water resources." SHS Web of Conferences 101 (2021): 02027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202110102027.
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The organizational structures and institutional environment in which they operate are essential in the management of urban water resources. One of the most promising forms of such structures are information and technology platforms that ensure the functional unity of the structures and environment of the ecosystem. The effectiveness of IT- platforms largely depends on the state of the institutional environment: on the one hand, it is not easy to achieve sustainable IT-platforms, on the other hand, success in achieving the desired sustainability can lead to a state of institutional trap, when both the environment is stable and management is efficient, but the increase in water scarcity and deterioration of its quality remains. The study focuses on the need to explore management and technological aspects, based on the economy of solidarity, into a single institutional complex, i.e. the transition to intelligent water management systems. Such management systems, with extensive use of technological innovations and digital technologies, are being introduced, including within the framework of the spatial development of the Russian Federation and in the development of the strategy of socio-economic development of the country and regions.
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Fiebrich, Christopher A., Jadwiga R. Ziolkowska, Phillip B. Chilson, and Elizabeth A. Pillar-Little. "Potential Socioeconomic and Environmental Benefits and Beneficiaries of UAS Atmospheric Profiles from a 3D Mesonet." Weather, Climate, and Society 13, no. 2 (April 2021): 377–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-20-0118.1.
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AbstractIn recent years, technological developments in engineering and meteorology have provided the opportunity to introduce innovative extensions to traditional surface mesonets through the application of uncrewed aircraft systems (UAS). This new approach of measuring vertical profiles of weather variables by means of UAS in the atmospheric boundary layer, in addition to surface stations, has been termed a 3D mesonet. Technological innovations of a potential 3D mesonet have recently been described in the literature. However, a broader question remains about potential socioeconomic and environmental benefits and beneficiaries of this new extension. Given that the concept of a 3D mesonet is a new idea, studies about socioeconomic and environmental advantages of this network (as compared with traditional mesonets) do not appear to exist in the peer-reviewed literature. This paper aims to fill this gap by providing a first perspective on potential benefits and ripple effects of a 3D mesonet, addressing both the added value and prevented losses in specific sectoral applications and for different groups. A better understanding of qualitative economic aspects related to a 3D mesonet can facilitate future developments of this technology for more cost-effective applications and to mitigate environmental challenges in more efficient ways.
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GUO, Chaoxian, and Yue HU. "China’s Sustainable Industrialization and Its Significance." Chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies 07, no. 01 (March 2019): 1940003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2345748119400037.
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China’s reform and opening-up over the past 40 years is in nature of an industrialization process. China’s industrial development conforms to the development goals, principles and spirit of inclusive and sustainable industrialization established in the United Nations’ Transforming our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This paper reviewed the main achievements obtained during China’s industrial development since the reform and opening up, and set forth the methods the Chinese Government had used to promote sustainable industrialization from five aspects, i.e. taking measures to promote infrastructure construction, paying high attention to scientific and technological innovations, boosting the integration of IT application with industrialization, advancing industrial energy conservation and emission reduction and developing small and medium enterprises. At the end, this paper pointed out that China’s industrial development and sustainable industrialization are not only important to the country itself, but also to the world’s economic development and sustainable development.
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Tyushkevich, O. S. "INVESTIGATION THE PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPMENT THE PROTECTION SYSTEM OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY IN AGRO-INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES OF UKRAINE." Collected Works of Uman National University of Horticulture 2, no. 97 (December 28, 2020): 276–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.31395/2415-8240-2020-97-2-276-286.
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With the development of market relations, the urgency of defining new approaches in the management of scientific and technological progress, which provides innovative development of enterprises. The purpose of the article is to study the problems of development of the intellectual property protection system, their impact on the innovation activities of agricultural enterprises of Ukraine and to develop approaches to effective implementation of innovations in their activities. In the process of writing general theoretical methods were used. The system method was used in the study of theoretical aspects of innovative technologies. The method of analysis is used to characterize the receipt of applications for inventions in Ukraine. With the help of abstract-logical substantiated and presented conclusions and proposals for the development of effective mechanisms for implementing the strategy of innovative development of Ukraine's economy. Currently, the most pressing problem of increasing the competitiveness of the economy and high-quality economic growth is the creation and implementation of a systematic approach to the protection and management of intellectual property in Ukraine to make fuller use of national intellectual results and scientific and technological progress. We believe that although in recent years in Ukraine enough attention has been paid to the problems of development of the intellectual property protection system and its regulatory support, but the implementation of the main provisions of these regulations is inadequate. As evidenced by the dynamics of applications for inventions, so in 2019 they received 3852 against 4495 in 2015, respectively. The number of applications from national applicants during the period under review did not change, and from foreign applicants — decreased by 5.7 %, which in indicates the distrust of the latter to the economic and political situation in Ukraine. Critical assessments of the situation in the domestic sphere of intellectual property protection, in particular objects of industrial property rights, are confirmed by data from international and national official sources. The data presented in the article show that the existing system of intellectual property management is inefficient and does not meet modern priorities of technological development and requirements for economic growth. Taking into account the socio-economic features of today, we have proposed priority organizational and economic measures to develop effective mechanisms to strengthen the role of intellectual property in the implementation of the strategy of innovative development of Ukraine's economy. In particular we need: 1. To promote the gradual creation of a national network of commercialization and transfer of technologies and innovations based on the organization of regional centers. 2. To develop programs and incentives for scientific and technological partnership between government agencies in the academic, sectoral and educational sectors of science and industry. It is also advisable to develop a legal framework for the possibility of establishing a scientific and technological cluster by state organizations and private enterprises. 3. Reduce by 80–75 % the current rates of fees for patenting inventions and utility models. 4. Develop and implement mechanisms of state support for patenting inventions abroad, created in accordance with the priorities of technological development of the country, etc. The proposed recommendations for developing effective mechanisms to strengthen the role of intellectual property in implementing the strategy of innovative development of Ukraine's economy should be adapted to the guidelines of modern economic policy in order to accelerate the restructuring of national policy based on innovative development model and economical knowledges.