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Journal articles on the topic 'Technological organization of health work'
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Terziev, Venelin, Boris Sakakushev, Svetlin Parvanov, and Marin Georgiev. "European and National Policy on Occupational Safety and Health." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 26, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 269–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kbo-2020-0043.
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AbstractThe main and basic resource of each organization is the people, who work in it. That is why greatest attention should be paid to studying issues connected with management of their behaviour during work and motivation for their activity. The employees are the ones that create the production of the organization and although machines and appliances have become “rulers” of many technological processes, the human’s role in the organization not only hasn’t decreased but is constantly increasing. People working in the companies in the modern dynamic development of economy are very important but also costly resource. That is why people working in the organization are main object of management by the governing body.The problems for ensuring the health and safety at work of the company’s employees should constantly beat the attention of the higher management and of the specialized department for health and safety at workin compliance with the Health and Safety at Work Act and the company’s policy in this field.
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Terziev, Venelin, Branko Sotirov, and Boris Sakakushev. "HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK, PREREQUISITES FOR INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE LABOR ACTIVITY." KNOWLEDGE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL 31, no. 6 (June 5, 2019): 2003–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij31062003t.
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The objectives of each economic organization can only be achieved as a result of the joint work of all its staff. They are most effectively achieved, provided they are in tune with the external environment and the factors in it. Also the motivation of staff plays critical role in this, and not the least, the selection of the staff and its objectvely examined competencies. The purpose of recruiting staff into the organization is to create a job reserve, taking into account the following circumstances: future change in organizational and staff relations, dismissals, relocations, retirement, premature termination of employment contracts, modification of the nature of the production program. Before making a decision to recruit new emploees, it is appropriate to identify other alternative options that can be used in the company. These include: extra work and increased work intensity; structural reorganization and use of new production schemes; reengineering; attracting specialized companies to carry out certain types of activities. Recruitment is a responsible task and the optimal number of staff needs to be taken into account when deciding how to do so. An insufficient number of workers, can have consequences, some of which may be a failure of the production program, occurrence of accidents at work, conflict situations in the collective. Labor surpluses lead to an increase in financial costs related to wages, a reduction in the interest in qualitative and highly skilled labor, the leave of skilled workers. The principal and main resource of each organization is the people who work in it. Therefore, the greatest importance should be given to the study of issues relating to the management of their behavior at work, the motivation of their activities. It is workers who create the production of the organization, and although machines and appliances have become "masters" of many technological processes, the role of man in the organization not only does not diminish but is constantly increasing. In today's dynamic economic development, people working in companies are too important, but also costly. That is why the people working in the organization are the main subject of management. The management of the company creates the personnel, establishes the system of relations between the people in the organization, allows to create the necessary conditions for the fullest manifestation of the employees' productive capacities and their intensive development, contributes to their training and growth. Management should create conditions in which workers feel satisfied with their work in the organization.
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Cau-Bareille, Dominique, Corinne Gaudart, and Catherine Delgoulet. "Training, age and technological change: Difficulties associated with age, the design of tools, and the organization of work." Work 41, no. 2 (2012): 127–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-2012-1278.
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Paganin, Giulia, and Silvia Simbula. "New Technologies in the Workplace: Can Personal and Organizational Variables Affect the Employees’ Intention to Use a Work-Stress Management App?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 17 (September 5, 2021): 9366. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179366.
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Organizations are interested in finding new and more effective ways to promote the well-being of their workers, to help their workers manage work-related stress. New technologies (e.g., smartphones) are cheaper, allow more workers to be reached, and guarantee their anonymity. However, not all employees agree on the use of new technological interventions for the promotion of well-being. Consequently, organizations need to investigate technological acceptance before introducing these tools. By considering the technology acceptance model (TAM) framework, we investigate both the influence of workers’ perceived usefulness and ease of use on their intentions to use apps that help them managing work stress. Moreover, we contribute to the extension of this model by considering both personal (i.e., self-efficacy, personal innovativeness) and organizational (i.e., organizational support for innovation) variables. Our research involved 251 participants who completed an online self-report questionnaire. The results confirm the central hypothesis of the TAM and the influence of other variables that could influence acceptance of new technologies, such as apps that help manage work stress, and the intentions to use them. These results could help organizations ensure technological acceptance and usage by their workers, increasing the effectiveness of new technologies and interventions to promote well-being.
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Prata, Juliana Amaral, Jane Márcia Progianti, and Helena Scherlowski Leal David. "Productive restructuring in the area of health and obstetric nursing." Texto & Contexto - Enfermagem 23, no. 4 (December 2014): 1123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0104-07072014002040013.
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This reflection aimed to show the productive restructuring dimensions achieved in Brazilian healthcare, discussing the nexuses between this phenomenon and the work in obstetrical nursing. Its construction was based on articles about productive restructuring and health available in the Virtual Health Library, reflecting the consequences on this speciality's caregiving process. We observed that the productive restructuring in health care may be seen under the health system management and work organization viewpoints. Despite the negative impacts in the field of work, there has been an appreciation of living labor in obstetrics in a context favorable to changes in labor care, through the introduction of obstetrical nursing and implementation of health care technologies. We conclude that, besides the focus on living labor and soft technologies, such concepts comprise technological innovation, as they have changed and resignified the way of providing care, thus beginning the process of the inversion of the technological core in obstetrics.
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Kuchma, Vladislav R. "HYGIENE OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS: PERSONALIZED AND POPULATION-BASED APPROACH TO SANITARY AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL WELLBEING OF A YOUNG GENERATION IN MODERN CONDITIONS." Hygiene and sanitation 98, no. 1 (March 27, 2019): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2019-98-1-61-67.
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Today population-based and secondary preventions do not provide the desired results, the existing forms of these preventions do not work. Children, adolescents, and young people almost do not respond to them. The aims of the study are to substantiate the role and place of hygiene of children and adolescents in modern sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the child population. Expert-analytical, observational study was performed. Results. The strategy of scientific and technological development of individual and population-based hygiene of children and adolescents and school medicine has been presented. The strategy includes the population and personalized levels, which ensure the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the children's population, the building skills of a healthy lifestyle for children, adolescents and youth. The population level includes: conducting works on hygienic diagnostics; improvement of the organization and control of the activities; implementation of the control, conducting expert control and sanitary-epidemiological audit in educational organizations; analysis of the results of medical examinations and data concerning of infectious diseases; assessment of health risks associated with professional training; development and improvement of criteria for assessing the provision of sanitary and epidemiological well-being of students in educational organizations. It is necessary to calculate individual risks and predict their consequences for the child's health and develop the monitoring system for the prevention. The main investors in the development of hygiene of children and adolescents and school medicine are government and the business community. Conclusion. The current stage of socio-economic, scientific and technological development of Russia requires the use of the achievements and technologies of the population and personalized hygiene of children and adolescents. Further scientific and technological development of population-based and personal hygiene of children and adolescents requires appropriate resources.
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Морозова, I. Morozova, Козлов, and V. Kozlov. "Problem of Creation of Work Safety Climate for Personnel." Management of the Personnel and Intellectual Resources in Russia 4, no. 4 (August 17, 2015): 69–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/13245.
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In recent years Management of personnel health and safety has gained a new value. Formation of culture of personnel safety creates the possibility of quality increase of level of the guaranteed work safety. The authors explore the essence of such notions as «labour protection culture» and «labour safety culture». They analyze the main factors infl uencing the person’s behavior at modern production site and aggravating technological health risks. The Research has shown that the study of safety culture is inextricably linked to safety climate. The climate of safety opens a way to overcoming social and psychological problems of work safety of the personnel. In this regard, the article provides a list of indicators of safety climate. These indicators can serve as a practical tool for the assessment and recognition of the potential problem areas of the human resource management in the organization.
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Brown, Ogden. "Participatory Ergonomics as a Means of Preventing Wmsds." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 38, no. 7 (October 1994): 434. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129403800705.
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Participatory ergonomics is a flexible means for the achievement of many diverse goals in turbulent technological environments. It is a macroergonomic approach to the implementation of technology in organizational systems which requires that end-users be highly involved in developing and implementing the technology. The notion of participation offers the promise of tremendous potential gains for the organization, the worker, and even the economic well-being of the greater society. Such pervasive and important technological innovations as the use of computers and their concomitant video display terminals can, in spite of their usefulness, lead to many occupational health and safety problems. Cumulative trauma disorders appear to be an associated dysfunction in modern industry, and effective health and safety solutions to many of these problems are highly important, both to the organization and especially to the people in it. It is proposed that the use of participation and worker involvement in the solution of such problems is a powerful and promising tool. There is no one best way to employ worker participation. It is contingent upon the nature of the problem itself, the work system, the job design presently in place, the environment in which the work is done, the training of the worker, and a myriad of other variables. From the available empirical evidence, a participation typology is postulated. The successful implementation of participatory ergonomics and other participatory arrangements requires the empowerment and enablement of people to make decisions concerning their work and to implement and evaluate them. Several participatory approaches to worker involvement are presented which address work system and job design factors, design of the work environment, and training of VDT operators. These approaches are discussed in the context of a systems approach to the prevention of WMSDs. The reduction and/or prevention of cumulative trauma disorders such as work-related musculoskeletal disorders is a matter of great concern in modern organizational life, both from the point of view of productivity concerns and also from that of the humanization of work. The solution of occupational health and safety problems will not only lead to increased organizational effectiveness, but should help provide for a far better realization of human potential.
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Di Mauro, Roxana, Francesco Faggiano, Martina Andellini, Pietro Derrico, and Matteo Ritrovato. "PP178 Health Technology Assessment Of Laboratory Medicine." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 35, S1 (2019): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462319002708.
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IntroductionRecent studies have investigated the re-organization and automation of laboratory medicine as a challenge for the hospital in terms of reduction of costs, turnaround time, workload, optimization of human and technological resources and improvement of safety. The purpose of this study was to conduct a health technology assessment (HTA) evaluation process about the possibility to re-organize and automate laboratory medicine at Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital.MethodsThe decision-oriented HTA (Do-HTA) method, involving the integration of the European Network for HTA (EUnetHTA) CoreModel and the Analytic Hierarchy Process, was applied to assess the best technology solution. Twenty-one professionals were involved to define tender specifications related to the adaptation works of the new dedicated rooms, and the automatic technologies and organizational solutions for the new laboratory department. Finally, two manufacturer companies were consulted.ResultsUsing Do-HTA, the study was focused on laboratory technologies while the infrastructure evaluation was conducted by the Engineering and Logistic Units of the hospital. Results showed that the total performance score of the first proposal was slightly higher (2.5 percent) than the second one, proving the comparable high qualitative level of both manufactures technologies. After an accurate analysis, evaluating all aspects (safety, clinical efficacy, cost, organization & technical criteria) and integrating the infrastructure evaluation, the decision has fallen upon the first company offer.ConclusionsThis HTA project provided an in-depth examination of two proposed technological and organizational solutions. Thanks to the Do-HTA method, which produced and developed data and all needed information, it was possible to guide and assist the decision makers on the choice between the two technical solutions.
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Vogel, Laurent, and Mary Lee Dunn. "The State of Occupational Health in Community Europe: From Top-Down Reform to a Renewal of Trade Union Action?" NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy 13, no. 2 (August 2003): 133–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/99jd-y20f-4hqy-5h2g.
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Working conditions in Europe are getting worse, due to changes in work organization, including intensification and increasing insecurity. A critical assessment of the state of prevention in Europe remains essential. Trade union organizations on the Luxembourg Advisory Committee on Safety, Hygiene and Health Protection at Work drafted a document on what Community occupational health policy should seek to achieve. In June 2001, the ETUC Executive Committee adopted a resolution based on the document. This article discusses the trade union strategy. The first step is to critique the few existing indicators. To a considerable extent, they actually conceal the health problems of work. The statistics on occupational disease reflect, above all, characteristics of the various national systems of benefits but say little about the real state of workers' health. “Traditional” risks still cause tens of thousands of deaths and injuries every year. Risks associated with work organization are increasing steadily. The intensification of work is an important aspect of the reorganization of production processes and is associated with major changes in work management and organization. At the same time, the spread of Taylorized work procedures in certain sectors (probably correlating strongly with work performed by women in both services and some branches of industry) and the introduction of management methods may be summarized in the phrase “controlled autonomy.” It involves shifting some of the supervisory burden to the level of the team, which destroys collective solidarity and detracts from the conditions under which work can contribute to mental health. Labor insecurity has been facilitated by the reappearance of mass unemployment and technological changes. Work has become increasingly less “sustainable” and companies are swamping society with the real social costs of their appetite for profit. In seeking harmonization, we must ensure consistent legislation based on the fundamental principles of the Framework Directive. Thus, trade unions demand that all risk factors be covered by directives based on effective preventive approaches. The new language of risk assessment and broadened approach to occupational health may initiate a process that (i) makes the invisible visible; (ii) moves on from observing individual complaints to collective analysis; and (iii) formulates a collective strategy based on identifying what “can be tolerated no longer.”
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Jalali, Mohammad S., Bethany Russell, Sabina Razak, and William J. Gordon. "EARS to cyber incidents in health care." Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 26, no. 1 (November 28, 2018): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocy148.
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Abstract Background Connected medical devices and electronic health records have added important functionality to patient care, but have also introduced a range of cybersecurity concerns. When a healthcare organization suffers from a cybersecurity incident, its incident response strategies are critical to the success of its recovery. Objective In this article, we identify gaps in research concerning cybersecurity response plans in healthcare. Through a systematic literature review, we develop aggregated strategies that professionals can use to construct better response strategies in their organizations. Methods We reviewed journal articles on cyber incident response plans in healthcare published in PubMed and Web of Science. We sought to collect articles on the intersection of cybersecurity and healthcare that focused on incident response strategies. Results We identified and reviewed 13 articles for cybersecurity response recommendations. We then extracted information such as research methods, findings, and implications. Finally, we synthesized the recommendations into a framework of eight aggregated response strategies (EARS) that fall under managerial and technological categories. Conclusions We conducted a systematic review of the literature on cybersecurity response plans in healthcare and developed a novel framework for response strategies that could be deployed by healthcare organizations. More work is needed to evaluate incident response strategies in healthcare.
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Lyakhovsky, Konstantin, and Alexander Arkhipov. "Improving the methods of organizational and technological design in the reconstruction of health facilities." E3S Web of Conferences 258 (2021): 09057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125809057.
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Construction work in the conditions of existing health facilities requires compliance with increased requirements, which imposes additional restrictions on the application of known organizational and technological solutions, which in turn create a need to develop new or improve existing methods of organizational and technological design in the reconstruction of health facilities. In the development of organizational and technological documentation, it is necessary to take into account the fact that medical facilities are not classified as production facilities, although the restrictions for this type of facilities are very significant. The aim of the work is to improve the accuracy of calculations when planning the finishing (plaster) work in terms of labor costs. As a result of the study, based on the initial data, factors describing the limited workplace were identified, which will allow in subsequent studies to justify an increase in labor costs (reduced productivity) for working conditions in a limited space during the reconstruction of health facilities.
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Sakharuk, I. "TRENDS IN LEGAL REGULATION FOR PSYCHOSOCIAL RISKS AT WORK." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Legal Studies, no. 114 (2020): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2195/2020/3.114-10.
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The article examines the psychosocial risks as an element of the occupational safety and health system. The author outlines that competition, higher expectations for productivity and working hours and other psychosocial hazards have resulted in increasingly stressful work environment. The legal grounds for psychological working conditions regulation are analysed. The author determines the recommendations for improving the legislation on occupational safety and health. The analysis of the main psychosocial risks is carried out. The paper substantiates the main directions for the improvement of occupational safety and health management systems. They include the integration of psychosocial risks in risk assessment for developing strategies for prevention and management of hazards; the ways to develop a safe psychological climate at the workplace; determining the impact of psychosocial risks at work on the physical health of employees; determining the correlation of overtime and sedentary work on the health of employees. The basic technological transformations and changes in the organization of work which influence the psychological safety of employees are investigated. The main risks to the employee's psychological health have been identified. They are 1) reduction of work-life balance; 2) isolation and lack of social interaction; 3) technostress and information overload; 4) expanding access to confidential information about the employee; 5) overtime; 6) non-standard forms of employment, 7) work on digital platforms. Particular attention is paid to counteracting mobbing and harassment at work.
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Jirsch, Dennis. "Patient-Focused Care: The Systemic Implications of Change." Healthcare Management Forum 6, no. 4 (December 1993): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0840-4704(10)61132-5.
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Continuous quality improvement and customer identification have become pivotal concerns for modern management. It is evident that much past activity in health care has been narrowly focused, technologically based and of unknown efficiency. Identifying the patient as primary and overarching customer for health service organizations serves to simplify, refocus and redesign institutions so that resources and personnel are organized and allocated based on patient-care needs. Health care facilities can, accordingly, be ranked on the basis of their commitment and achievement with regard to patient-focused care. Quality becomes a matter of providing excellent and efficient medical care and satisfying the demands of the larger patient experience. Redefining the organization in the context of patient need profoundly changes the work place, creating less rigid, flattened organizational structures and emphasizing leadership rather than managerial activities.
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Gutierrez, Leonardo J., Kashif Rabbani, Oluwashina Joseph Ajayi, Samson Kahsay Gebresilassie, Joseph Rafferty, Luis A. Castro, and Oresti Banos. "Internet of Things for Mental Health: Open Issues in Data Acquisition, Self-Organization, Service Level Agreement, and Identity Management." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 3 (February 1, 2021): 1327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031327.
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The increase of mental illness cases around the world can be described as an urgent and serious global health threat. Around 500 million people suffer from mental disorders, among which depression, schizophrenia, and dementia are the most prevalent. Revolutionary technological paradigms such as the Internet of Things (IoT) provide us with new capabilities to detect, assess, and care for patients early. This paper comprehensively survey works done at the intersection between IoT and mental health disorders. We evaluate multiple computational platforms, methods and devices, as well as study results and potential open issues for the effective use of IoT systems in mental health. We particularly elaborate on relevant open challenges in the use of existing IoT solutions for mental health care, which can be relevant given the potential impairments in some mental health patients such as data acquisition issues, lack of self-organization of devices and service level agreement, and security, privacy and consent issues, among others. We aim at opening the conversation for future research in this rather emerging area by outlining possible new paths based on the results and conclusions of this work.
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Mowla, Saleh, Niharika Sinha, Raghavendra Ganiga, and Nisha P. Shetty. "Trust Enhanced Role Based Access Control Using Genetic Algorithm." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, no. 6 (December 1, 2018): 4724. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i6.pp4724-4734.
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<p>Improvements in technological innovations have become a boon for business organizations, firms, institutions, etc. System applications are being developed for organizations whether small-scale or large-scale. Taking into consideration the hierarchical nature of large organizations, security is an important factor which needs to be taken into account. For any healthcare organization, maintaining the confidentiality and integrity of the patients’ records is of utmost importance while ensuring that they are only available to the authorized personnel. The paper discusses the technique of Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) and its different aspects. The paper also suggests a trust enhanced model of RBAC implemented with selection and mutation only ‘Genetic Algorithm’. A practical scenario involving healthcare organization has also been considered. A model has been developed to consider the policies of different health departments and how it affects the permissions of a particular role. The purpose of the algorithm is to allocate tasks for every employee in an automated manner and ensures that they are not over-burdened with the work assigned. In addition, the trust records of the employees ensure that malicious users do not gain access to confidential patient data.</p>
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Kozlov, V. A., B. A. Polyakov, D. L. Mushnikov, M. I. Stoylovskiy, and D. V. Drozhzhin. "INNOVATIVE POTENTIAL OF A MEDICAL ORGANIZATION, AS PART OF ITS ECONOMIC POLICY." Research and Practical Medicine Journal 6, no. 3 (September 5, 2019): 138–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17709/2409-2231-2019-6-3-13.
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The new economic policy of Russia is based on innovation and investment. Before choosing innovative changes, it is mandatory to assess the innovative potential of the organization. can distinguish Three main components can be distinguished in the innovative potential of a medical institution: innovative potential of medical personnel, innovation of facilities and resources, technology innovation (medico-institutional, therapeutic and diagnostic technologies). An audit of the innovative potential of a medical organization is a prerequisite for the formation of a competent economic policy, i. e. business strategies, priority investments. However, studies on a comprehensive assessment of the state of innovative potential of oncological medical organizations have not been conducted yet. Objective. To study the state of innovative potential of a medical organization, as part of its economic policy, using the example of cancer care. Materials and methods. The base of the research is the Higher Educational Institution “Ivanovo Regional Oncology Dispensary”, Department of Health, Ivanovo Region. The research program provided for the use of sociological, expert, mathematical-statistical and analytical methods. Units of observation: medical worker (doctor, paramedical worker) and material and technical resources of “Ivanovo Regional Oncology Dispensary”, The study was conducted in 2018. The integral estimation methodology of a medical organization’s innovation potential includes a quantitative assessment of each component of the potential according to the appropriate methodology. Results. Decline of the innovative capacity medical organization oncological profile on all of its components including: a personnel component at 9,0%, logistical component to 11,0%, technological component at 6,8%. Reduced innovative capacity of health workers is associated with low estimation of its parameters such as: the use of information sources for self-development, the ability to adapt to innovation and research activity. A decrease in the innovative potential of an oncological medical organization was noted in all its components, including: the personnel component by 9.0%, the material and technical component by 11.0%, the technological component by 6.8%. The decline in the innovative potential of health workers is associated with a low assessment of its parameters such as the use of information sources for self-development, the ability to adapt to innovation and research activities. The decrease in the innovation of the organization’s facilities and resources is associated with such indicators as: the scientific and technical level of equipment, the coefficient of accumulation of fixed assets, the coefficient of depreciation of equipment, the coefficient of inclusion of equipment in the standard of assistance. The decrease in innovation in the technological component is associated with the incomplete implementation of such quality attributes of medical services as: efficiency, adequacy, interpersonal interaction, uniqueness, convenience. Conclusion. The results of the study showed that a change in the innovative policy of medical organizations is required, its transfer from an extensive to an intensive strategic vector of development, the use of free financial resources for the purchase of new generation equipment, and the training of medical personnel in modern work technologies.
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Quinn, M. M., P. K. Markkanen, C. J. Galligan, S. R. Sama, J. E. Lindberg, and M. F. Edwards. "Healthy Aging Requires a Healthy Home Care Workforce: the Occupational Safety and Health of Home Care Aides." Current Environmental Health Reports 8, no. 3 (May 12, 2021): 235–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40572-021-00315-7.
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Abstract Purpose of Review To identify important home care (HC) aide occupational safety and health (OSH) hazards and examine how addressing these can improve aide health and the delivery of HC services overall. Specifically, this review seeks to answer: Why is HC aide OSH important? What are the most significant OSH challenges? How can improving HC aide OSH also improve the safety and health of their clients? What implications do the findings have for future research? Recent Findings HC is one of the fastest growing US industries. Aides comprise its largest workforce and are increasingly needed to care for the rapidly aging population. There is an aide shortage due in part to instabilities in HC work organization and to serious job-specific hazards, resulting in aides losing work time. Recent social, economic, and technological factors are rapidly changing the nature of HC work, creating OSH hazards similar to those found in nursing homes. At the same time, aides are experiencing social and economic inequities that increase their vulnerability to OSH hazards. These hazards are also a burden on employers who are challenged to recruit, retain, and train aides. OSH injuries and illness interrupt the continuity of care delivery to clients. Many OSH hazards also put HC clients and families at risk. Summary A new framework and methodologies are needed to assess aide and client safety together in order to guide future HC research, policies, and practices. Government, industry, and labor commitment is needed to fund and coordinate a comprehensive, multidisciplinary research program.
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Medcalf, Alexander, and João Nunes. "Visualising Primary Health Care: World Health Organization Representations of Community Health Workers, 1970–89." Medical History 62, no. 4 (September 7, 2018): 401–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mdh.2018.40.
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For the World Health Organization (WHO), the 1978 Alma-Ata Declaration marked a move away from the disease-specific and technologically-focused programmes of the 1950s and 1960s towards a reimagined strategy to provide ‘Health for All by the Year 2000’. This new approach was centred on primary health care, a vision based on acceptable methods and appropriate technologies, devised in collaboration with communities and dependent on their full participation. Since 1948, the WHO had used mass communications strategies to publicise its initiatives and shape public attitudes, and the policy shift in the 1970s required a new visual strategy. In this context, community health workers (CHWs) played a central role as key visual identifiers of Health for All. This article examines a period of picturing and public information work on the part of the WHO regarding CHWs. It sets out to understand how the visual politics of the WHO changed to accommodate PHC as a new priority programme from the 1970s onwards. The argument tracks attempts to define CHWs and examines the techniques employed by the WHO during the 1970s and early 1980s to promote the concept to different audiences around the world. It then moves to explore how the process was evaluated, as well as the difficulties in procuring fresh imagery. Finally, the article traces these representations through the 1980s, when community approaches came under sustained pressure from external and internal factors and imagery took on the supplementary role of defending the concept.
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Донцов, Владимир Григорьевич, and Людмила Анатольевна Тарнакина. "TECHNOLOGICAL ALGORITHM IN CARDIOLOGY SERVICE." СИСТЕМНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ И УПРАВЛЕНИЕ В БИОМЕДИЦИНСКИХ СИСТЕМАХ, no. 4() (December 19, 2020): 190–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.36622/vstu.2020.19.4.025.
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Авторы указывают на то, что для организации здравоохранения нужна собственная экспериментальная база, которой может быть другая медицинская служба - судмедэкспертиза, так как в большинстве ее подразделений отсутствуют живые пациенты, которым может быть нанесен вред при внедрении новшеств. Применение технологических алгоритмов в кардиологических подразделениях больниц могут выявить преимущества и отличия их от повсеместно используемых стандартов, так как в алгоритм заложены самые передовые медицинские приемы. При этом авторы описывают реализацию основного, некоторого существа алгоритмов в повседневной практике, формулируют конечный результат, а также его исходные - объем работы, ее качество и своевременность. Обосновывают необходимость использования всех этих величин в начале внедрения и ограничение их при полном освоении системы интенсивного функционирования. Подчеркивают многообразие функций, выполняемых за счет алгоритмов, особенно мотивирующей материальной заинтересованности работников. В итоге алгоритм становится основным в конструкции системы интенсивного функционирования, приведенной в данной статье. Авторы обосновывают выводы о том, что технологический алгоритм может значительно увеличить объем, улучшить качество, сократить сроки лечения кардиологических больных, и, таким образом, положительно повлиять на один из основных демографических показателей - продолжительность активной жизни людей. В итоге, авторы предлагают использовать систему интенсивного функционирования в кардиологических подразделениях медицинских организаций, показавшую себя с положительной стороны, в течение многих лет, в одном из медицинских учреждений, бюро судебно-медицинской экспертизы The authors point out that the organization of health care needs its own experimental base, which may be another medical service - forensic medical examination, since in most of its departments there are no living patients who can be harmed by the introduction of innovations. The use of technological algorithms in the cardiology departments of hospitals can reveal their advantages and differences from the commonly used standards, since the algorithm is based on the most advanced medical techniques. At the same time, the authors describe the implementation of the basic, some essence of algorithms in everyday practice, formulate the final result, as well as its initial results - the volume of work, its quality and timeliness. The necessity of using all these values at the beginning of implementation and their limitation with the full development of the system of intensive functioning are substantiated. They emphasize the variety of functions performed by algorithms, especially the motivating material interest of workers. As a result, the algorithm becomes the main one in the design of the intensive functioning system presented in this article. The authors substantiate the conclusions that the technological algorithm can significantly increase the volume, improve the quality, shorten the treatment time for cardiac patients, and, thus, positively affect one of the main demographic indicators - the duration of the active life of people. As a result, the authors propose to use a system of intensive functioning in the cardiological departments of medical organizations, which has shown itself on the positive side, for many years, in one of the medical institutions, the bureau of forensic medical examination
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Al-Shorbaji, N., R. Krishnamurthy, M. Marschollek, D. C. Mattfeld, K. Bartolomeos, T. A. Reynolds, and R. Haux. "Road Traffic Related Injury Research and Informatics." Methods of Information in Medicine 54, no. 05 (2015): 474–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3414/me15-05-1000.
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SummaryThe United Nations has recently adopted 17 sustainable development goals for 2030, including ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being for all at all ages, and making cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable. Road injuries remain among the ten leading causes of death in the world, and are projected to increase with rapidly increasing motorisation globally. Lack of comprehensive data on road injuries has been identified as one of the barriers for effective implementation of proven road safety interventions. Building, linking and analysing electronic patient records in conjunction with establishing injury event and care registries can substantially contribute to healthy lives and safe transportation. Appropriate use of new technological approaches and health informatics best practices could provide significant added value to WHO’s global road safety work and assist Member States in identifying prevention targets, monitoring progress and improving quality of care to reduce injury-related deaths. This paper encourages the initiation of new multidisciplinary research at a global level.© World Health Organization 2015. All rights reserved.The World Health Organization has granted Schattauer Publishers and the authors permission for the reproduction of this article.The authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this article and they do not necessarily represent the views, decisions or policies of the institutions with which they are affiliated.
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TSARFATI, Becky, and Daniela COJOCARU. "ETHICS AND NURSING IN A WIRED WORLD." Social Research Reports 12, no. 2 (December 15, 2020): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33788/srr12.2.2.
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In recent years, healthcare givers and patients have extensively used computerized technologies and digital information. This changed the work environment and skills of nurses who learn to live with innovations, namely working with both “machines” and humans. Nursing is patient-centered, respecting human dignity and acknowledging patients' needs. Nurses are required to promote safe environment and health care, educate, and embrace a health policy for individuals of all ages and communities. Electronic health records are shared through network systems not only by patients but also by physicians, nurses, insurance personnel, government officials and more. This widespread access to health information requires finding ways for observing patients’ confidentiality and privacy by the users. This paper presents four central ethical issues stemming from the use of electronic records: the built-in conflict between nurses' quality care commitment to health system organization and their commitment to maintain patients' respect and privacy; the gap between the one-dimensional reporting of medical and therapeutic information through technological systems; the gap between the advantage of technological systems as being easy to operate and use and the risk of leaking confidential medical information, violating patients' privacy. 4) Conflict between nurses' classic professional identity as people who take care of and satisfy patients' needs and the new concept of nursing that advocates patients’ privacy, autonomy and dignity while learning new technological skills with all the advantages and disadvantages encompassed in it. This paper ends with a writes' point of view about ethical-technological solutions of the ethical issues.
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Trokhimchuk, V. V., O. I. Belyaeva, and L. M. Unhurian. "Organization of medical care for children in Ukraine (review of literature)." Farmatsevtychnyi zhurnal, no. 1 (August 14, 2018): 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32352/0367-3057.1.17.03.
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The realization of high quality medical measures for protecting children’s health remains an important issue at the stage of reforming the domestic medicine. The aim of this work was to study and analyze the system of medical aid for children in Ukraine. The research focused on normative-legal acts regulating the organization of medical aid for children. The research methods are informative, retrospective, historical, logical and analytical.
The analysis of normative-legal documents regulating the organization of rendering of medical aid for children established their formality and economic groundlessness.
According to January 2017, only 35 documents were included into the Registry of medical technological documents in the direction of «Pediatrics». It means that many children’s pathological states are not covered by standardization, what reduces the quality of medical aid.
The national programs for the improvement of health status of children remained unrealized due to the lack of funding, ill-coordinated links between program implementers, the lack of effective monitoring of the quality and results of realizing the state programs. The implementation result of IMChI strategy was the reduction of mortality rate in children of different age groups in the pilot regions. In terms of reforming the combined model (model III) is the most effective and acceptable for pediatric care rendering.
The population expenses reach nearly half of the total funding of the sector, what demonstrates the inconsistencies between the real state of children’s assurance in the health care system of Ukraine and national normative acts.
It was determined the necessity of structural reorganization of the system, the optimization of beds number, the increase of medical care funding from state and local budgets, the raising of resource efficiency of health care system and the continued development and implementation of modern protocols (standards) for the treatment of children pathologies.
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Liss, Barry. "Hot media, technological transformation and the plague of the dark emotions: Erich Fromm, Viktor Frankl and the recovery of meaning1." Explorations in Media Ecology 17, no. 4 (December 1, 2018): 379–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/eme.17.4.379_1.
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This article takes the position that our contemporary overheated media environment lends itself to comfortable passivity, resulting in mental breakdown in the guise of the dark emotions: anxiety, melancholia and boredom. This is especially the case with the inevitable synergy of the upcoming technological transformations from genetic modification, virtual reality simulacra and artificial intelligence/robotics. After discussing the data from the World Health Organization regarding the stark increase of people across the globe suffering from depression and anxiety, this article weds the concepts of McLuhan’s hot–cool distinction with Fromm’s delineation of the productive character orientation. Following Fromm, this article argues that joy ensues from reason, productive labour and love–sorrow from ignorance, alienated work and indifference. When we wilfully abrogate our responsibilities to self and other via non-participational mediated forms, we cede away our potential for growth and development. This leads to the emotional breakdowns of guilt, boredom, anxiety and melancholia. Viktor Frankl’s logotherapeutic perspective is discussed as a counterbalance to the social effects wrought by our overheated technological environment. Frankl’s stress on phenomenological meaning as the cornerstone of existence provides a lens to understanding the affects of an over-reliance on technological gadgetry.
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Bahl, Shashi, Ashok Kumar Bagha, Shanay Rab, Mohd Javaid, Abid Haleem, and Ravi Pratap Singh. "Advancements in Biosensor Technologies for Medical Field and COVID-19 Pandemic." Journal of Industrial Integration and Management 06, no. 02 (March 17, 2021): 175–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2424862221500081.
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World health organization (WHO) has declared the COVID-19 outbreak as a public health emergency of international concern and then as a pandemic on 30th of January and 11th of March 2020, respectively. After such concern, the world scientific communities have rushed to search for solutions to bring down the disease’s spread, fast-paced vaccine development, and associated medical research using modern technologies. Biosensor technologies play a crucial role in diagnosing various medical diseases, including COVID-19. The present paper describes the major advancement of biosensor-based technological solutions for medical diagnosis, including COVID-19. This review-based work covers the biosensors and their working principles in the context of medical applications. The paper also discusses different biosensors and their applications to tackle medical issues, including this ongoing pandemic.
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Ana, Trindade, Gomes Ana, Carvalhais José, and Simões Anabela. "Ergonomic Study in a Traffic Control Room of Public Transport." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 44, no. 22 (July 2000): 545–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120004402212.
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A technological change will produce a transformation of the traffic control room in Lisbon's bus and tramway public transport operator. An ergonomic study as been required aiming the evaluation of the working conditions. The operators have to cope with a very demanding task concerning vision, attention and memory, together with long working hours in a seated posture, in poor environment conditions. The main health complaints of the workers are visual problems, fatigue, cervical and lumbar pain. Other complaints are irritability, headache, sleep loss and digestive problems. The definition of a new layout and work organization is proposed. Concerning the environment level other improvement measures were also suggested, including noise reduction, illumination and air quality.
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Tursunbayeva, Aizhan. "Human resource management-related responses of health organizations to Covid-19." Strategic HR Review 20, no. 3 (June 8, 2021): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/shr-11-2020-0091.
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Purpose COVID-19 has been a big reset to human resource (HR) processes. Organizations’ HR functions around the world have been working hard to effect a response that falls under four main headings: jobs and work continuity; physical health and well-being; need for mental health, resilience, family support and dealing with uncertainty; and remote work. Knowledge of whether and how these responses have been adopted by health organizations or their potential impact is scarce. Design/methodology/approach This paper discusses some of the HR strategies adopted or recommended for adoption by health systems/organizations with specific reference to the aforementioned HR response categories. Findings The evidence available illustrates that the HR responses adopted by health organizations are mostly in line with those adopted by organizations from other sectors, though not without some variances. The findings also suggest that COVID has acted as a “technological catalyst” for HR practices in health organizations. Research limitations/implications The background readings that informed this study also helped to identify some literature gaps that could be addressed by future research and practice. Practical implications The state of the art presented in this paper may be of value to health leaders and health HR managers in further strengthening their responses to both pre-existing and post-COVID people-related challenges. Originality/value This work is timely considering existing literature gaps and the fact that the existing evidence gets outdated quickly as the emergency progresses.
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Dorogan, Igor A. "A model of organization life cycle of a medical building." Vestnik MGSU, no. 12 (December 2018): 1474–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2018.12.1474-1481.
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Introduction. An approach to the development of the organizational-technological model of the life cycle of a medical facility building is presented. Buildings of medical organizations have a number of features in the design, construction and operation. The buildings of nuclear medicine are subject to particularly high requirements of radiation and fire safety. Materials and methods. To organize the design, construction and maintenance of medical buildings, it is advisable to create and develop an organizational and technological model of the medical building life cycle. Such model was created by the author in the form of a business processes sequence. Confirmation of the effectiveness of the model is carried out with the help of multi-criteria expert evaluation. Results. To solve this problem, it is proposed a number of changes in the order of the investment project carrying. A new element is the Preliminary justification of the requirements for the health facility. It should become a mandatory document when obtaining a town-planning plan of the ground area, which is in Russia a de facto permission to design. It is also proposed to prepare technical requirements of three levels. The first level requirements are used for pre-design stage procedures. The requirements of the second level are included in the medical and technical design assignment. The requirements of the third level are applied to the detailed design, as well as to the construction and maintenance of the facility. Requirements are included in the requirement system and must be checked at key stages of the project. At the preliminary project phase, it is also advisable to make a technical and economic calculation with the justification of the main technical solutions and technical and economic indicators. This document should also include a project management plan. New elements are included in organizational and technological models of different stages of the object life cycle. Conclusions. On the basis of the developed model, it is proposed to make adjustments to the normative guideline used in the construction management. For example, it is necessary to make mandatory documents of the pre-design stage. These works have to be paid by investor therefore the standard of design cost has to be increased.
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Berg, M., J. Aarts, and J. van der Lei. "ICT in Health Care: Sociotechnical Approaches." Methods of Information in Medicine 42, no. 04 (April 2003): 297–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634221.
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SummaryThe importance of the social sciences for medical informatics is increasingly recognized. As ICT requires interaction with people and thereby inevitably affects them, understanding ICT requires a focus on the interrelation between technology and its social environment. Socio-technical approaches increase our understanding of how ICT applications are developed, introduced and become a part of social practices. Sociotechnical approaches share several starting points: 1) they see health care work as a social, ‘real life’ phenomenon, which may seem ‘messy’ at first, but which is guided by a practical rationality that can only be overlooked at a high price (i.e. failed systems). 2) They see technological innovation as a social process, in which organizations are deeply affected. 3) Through in-depth, formative evaluation, they can help improve system design and implementation.
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Lanza, Fernanda Moura, and Francisco Carlos Félix Lana. "Decentralization of leprosy control actions in the micro-region of Almenara, State of Minas Gerais." Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem 19, no. 1 (February 2011): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-11692011000100025.
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This study analyzes the decentralization process of Leprosy control actions for Family Health Strategy units in the cities of the Almenara micro-region, in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. This qualitative research, based on the concept "Technological Organization of Work", was carried out in nine municipalities. Semi-structured interviews and document research were used for data collection. Forty-five interviews with care providers and health managers were conducted. The data collection took place between November 2007 and February 2008. Content Analysis was utilized to study the data and results indicate that the cities present different levels of decentralization and that the process was determined based on local specifications and on the engagement of care providers and health managers. Several cities kept a reference team to provide support to primary health care. The conclusion is that the decentralization process is a strategy that proves to be useful in facing Leprosy in the micro-region.
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Ramdani, Boumediene, Binheng Duan, and Ilhem Berrou. "Exploring the Determinants of Mobile Health Adoption by Hospitals in China: Empirical Study." JMIR Medical Informatics 8, no. 7 (July 14, 2020): e14795. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/14795.
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Background Although mobile health (mHealth) has the potential to transform health care by delivering better outcomes at a much lower cost than traditional health care services, little is known about mHealth adoption by hospitals. Objective This study aims to explore the determinants of mHealth adoption by hospitals using the technology-organization-environment (TOE) framework. Methods We conducted an interviewer-administered survey with 87 managers in Chinese public hospitals and analyzed the data using logistic regression. Results The results of our survey indicate that perceived ease of use (β=.692; P<.002), system security (β=.473; P<.05), top management support (β=1.466; P<.002), hospital size (β=1.069; P<.004), and external pressure (β=.703; P<.005) are significantly related to hospitals’ adoption of mHealth. However, information technology infrastructure (β=.574; P<.02), system reliability (β=−1.291; P<.01), and government policy (β=2.010; P<.04) are significant but negatively related to hospitals’ adoption of mHealth. Conclusions We found that TOE model works in the context of mHealth adoption by hospitals. In addition to technological predictors, organizational and environmental predictors are critical for explaining mHealth adoption by Chinese hospitals.
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de Jong, Andrea, Lorie Donelle, and Michael Kerr. "Nurses’ Use of Personal Smartphone Technology in the Workplace: Scoping Review." JMIR mHealth and uHealth 8, no. 11 (November 26, 2020): e18774. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/18774.
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Background There has been an increase in the technological infrastructures of many health care organizations to support the practice of health care providers. However, many nurses are using their personal digital devices, such as smartphones, while at work for personal and professional purposes. Despite the proliferation of smartphone use in the health care setting, there is limited research on the clinical use of these devices by nurses. It is unclear as to what extent and for what reasons nurses are using their personal smartphones to support their practice. Objective This review aimed to understand the current breadth of research on nurses’ personal smartphone use in the workplace and to identify implications for research, practice, and education. Methods A scoping review using Arksey and O’Malley’s methodological framework was conducted, and the following databases were used in the literature search: CINAHL, PubMed, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, Embase, MEDLINE, Nursing and Allied Health Database, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Reviews. Search terms used were Nurs* AND (personal digital technology OR smartphone OR cellphone OR mobile phone OR cellular phone). Inclusion criteria included research focused on nurses’ use of their own digital technologies, reported in English, and published between January 2010 and January 2020. Exclusion criteria were if the device or app was implemented for research purposes, if it was provided by the organization, if it focused on infection control, and if it was focused on nursing students or nursing education. Results A total of 22 out of 2606 articles met the inclusion criteria. Two main themes from the thematic analyses included personal smartphone use for patient care and implications of personal smartphone use. Nurses used their smartphones to locate information about medications, procedures, diagnoses, and laboratory tests. Downloaded apps were used by nurses to locate patient care–related information. Nurses reported improved communication among health team members and used their personal devices to communicate patient information via text messaging, calling, and picture and video functions. Nurses expressed insight into personal smartphone use and challenges related to distraction, information privacy, organizational policies, and patient perception. Conclusions Nurses view personal smartphones as an efficient method to gather patient care information and to communicate with the health care team. This review highlights knowledge gaps regarding nurses’ personal device use and information safety, patient care outcomes, and communication practices. This scoping review facilitates critical reflection on patient care practices within the digital context. We infer that nurses’ use of their personal devices to communicate among the health care team may demonstrate a technological “work-around” meant to reconcile health system demands for cost-efficiency with efforts to provide quality patient care. The current breadth of research is focused on acute care, with little research focus in other practices settings. Research initiatives are needed to explore personal device use across the continuum of health care settings.
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Sankar, Jayendira P., G. Yoganandham, R. Kalaichelvi, Jeena Ann John, and Badella Uday Kumar. "Human Resource Digital Transformation of IT Sector in India." Webology 18, no. 1 (April 29, 2021): 219–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/web/v18i1/web18085.
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Information technology sector plays a vital role in the economy of the country. So the present study focused on the information technology sector of India to determine the effectiveness of human resource digital transformation. The administrative activities include personal record, updating details and benefits information, employee experience comprise cultural environment, technological environment and physical environment, and work-family balance encompass personal relationship, physical & mental health and overall happiness as independent variables. A total of 336 sample data collected from the employees of the information technology sector from Chennai. The goodness of model fit, composite reliability, discriminant validity between constructs, PLS path modelling utilized in full-fledged structural equation modelling by adopting SmartPLS to test the hypothesis. Employee experience has a positive influence; administrative tasks and work-family balance do not have a positive influence on human resource digital transformation. The results of the effectiveness of human resource digital transformation help the organization in decision-making and emphasize their action.
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Houben, Gerard J., and Frans J. N. Nijhuis. "The Role of Production Control in the Development of Burnout." International Journal of Health Services 26, no. 2 (April 1996): 331–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/fgh3-eaxh-px0w-qxa1.
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Burnout is an increasingly important problem in modern work organizations. Few studies, however, have explicitly applied an adequate theoretical understanding of the performance of modern organizations. This article aims to initiate both a discussion of this phenomenon and higher-quality research into the emergence of burnout based on an understanding of the economic-technological rationalization and control (management control) of production and service processes. In applying production control, both technical and bureaucratic, group and attitudinal control systems are increasingly integrated. This so-called systematic control strategy is one of the major causes of burnout. The cumulative effect of an increasing workload combined with reduced resources due to economic considerations and technocratic implementation of production control is assumed to be relevant to the development of burnout. The authors' propositions apply to service workers in human service organizations and to key workers in enterprises using flexible specialization combined with self-directed work groups.
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Mamcarz, Piotr. "Existential and psychological problems connected with Threat Predicting Process." Journal for Perspectives of Economic Political and Social Integration 20, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2014): 53–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10241-012-0026-2.
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Abstract The aim of the article is to present a very important phenomenon affecting human integrity and homeostasis that is Threat Prediction Process. This process can be defined as “experiencing apprehension concerning results of potential/ actual dangers,” (Mamcarz, 2015) oscillating in terminological area of anxiety, fear, stress, restlessness. Moreover, it highlights a cognitive process distinctive for listed phenomenon’s. The process accompanied with technological and organization changes increases number of health problems affecting many populations. Hard work conditions; changing life style; or many social and political threats have influence on people’s quality of life that are even greater and more dangerous than physical and psychological factors, which, in turn, have much more consequences for human normal functioning. The present article is based on chosen case studies of a qualitative analysis of threat prediction process
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Urbaszek, Piotr, Agnieszka Gajewicz, Celina Sikorska, Maciej Haranczyk, and Tomasz Puzyn. "Modeling adsorption of brominated, chlorinated and mixed bromo/chloro-dibenzo-p-dioxins on C60 fullerene using Nano-QSPR." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 8 (March 31, 2017): 752–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.8.78.
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Many technological implementations in the field of nanotechnology have involved carbon nanomaterials, including fullerenes such as the buckminsterfullerene, C60. The unprecedented properties of such organic nanomaterials (in particular their large surface area) gained extensive attention for their potential use as organic pollutant sorbents. Sorption interactions can be very hazardous and useful at the same time. This work investigates the influence of halogenation by bromine and/or chlorine in dibenzo-p-dioxins on their sorption ability on the C60 fullerene surface. Halogenated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PXDDs, where X = Br or Cl) are ever-present in the environment and accidently produced in many technological processes in only approximately known quantities. If all combinatorial Br and/or Cl dioxin substitution possibilities are present in the environment, the experimental characterization and investigation of sorbent effectiveness is more than difficult. In this work, we have developed a quantitative structure–property relationship (QSPR) model (R2 = 0.998), predicting the adsorption energy [kcal/mol] for 1,701 PXDDs adsorbed on C60 (PXDD@C60). Based on the QSPR model reported herein, we concluded that the lowest energy PXDD@C60 complexes are those that the World Health Organization (WHO) considers to be less dangerous with respect to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) toxicity mechanism. Therefore, the effectiveness of fullerenes as sorbent agents may be underestimated as sorption could be less effective for toxic congeners than previously believed.
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Andersen, Gunn Robstad, Synne Bendal, and Rolf H. Westgaard. "Work demands and health consequences of organizational and technological measures introduced to enhance the quality of home care services – A subgroup analysis." Applied Ergonomics 51 (November 2015): 172–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2015.04.020.
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Wendland, Jonatas, Guilherme Lerch Lunardi, and Décio Bittencourt Dolci. "Adoption of health information technology in the mobile emergency care service." RAUSP Management Journal 54, no. 3 (July 8, 2019): 287–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rausp-07-2018-0058.
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Purpose Health is at the center of society concerns, being characterized by the dilemma of contributing to the population well-being, while demanding high financial investments at the same time. In this sense, information technology (IT) becomes essential for the progress of the sector, directly impacting on how care practices are performed. This study aims to analyze the adoption of mobile devices in the mobile emergency care service (MECS) of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Design/methodology/approach The authors carried out a multi-method study with an initial qualitative exploration through a focal group, followed by a survey. Potential determinants and impacts of mobile device use on the work context of the MECS teams were identified. Following, we tested the proposed conceptual model applying a questionnaire to 350 professionals from a total of 160 bases throughout the State. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was used to test the hypotheses herein. Findings The authors found that Satisfaction with the Use of Mobile PHC (PHC – Primary Health Care) is determined by the application compatibility with MECS work, followed by the performance expectancy with the use of the technology and the technical support provided to the users – acting as important facilitators of this process; while the technological complexity inherent in the use of the technology appears as the main barrier to the success of this technology. Besides, the authors found that both intensity of Use and Satisfaction with the Use of the technology provide different benefits to those involved (teams, patients and the organization). Research limitations/implications As limitations of the study, the authors point out to the fact that the data are from a single Brazilian State, and therefore, its results cannot be generalized. Another limitation is that the study considered only the use of a specific mobile technology, which requires caution when using this information in contexts where the health information technology is different, besides the fact that the findings may not be compatible in environments where IT adoption is voluntary. Practical implications The study can help managers of public and private organizations in the planning and implementation of different technologies, whether mobile or applied to the health context, as well as in the expansion of their use in their respective institutions. Social implications The research contributes to other studies that realize that the adoption of IT can cause relevant changes to health being associated to productivity gains and improvement of the quality of service provided to society through different forms and solutions. Originality/value The adoption and use of IT – such as mobile devices – impacts on how care practices are performed in the MECS, providing different benefits to those involved (teams, patients and the organization).
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Cornago, Dante, and Livio Garattini. "Efficienza tecnologica e produttiva delle strutture trasfusionali in Italia." Farmeconomia. Health economics and therapeutic pathways 3, no. 1 (March 15, 2002): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.7175/fe.v3i1.741.
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In all the developed countries the methods of blood collection and production are relevant subjects for the pharmacoeconomics studies, because of their health and economic implications related to the health policies in this area. The “blood market” rappresents an area where the sanitary items, the economic items and also the ethic items must be broached at the same time; therefore it can be considered emblematic. By this situation arises Progetto CO.R.SA. (COsti Raccolta SAngue), a project for estimating productivity and cost for a representive sample of italian trasfusional structure (ST). The study is supported by Società Italiana di Medicina Trasfusionale e Immunoematologia (SIMTI). In Italy there are about 380 ST, but only 30 ST resulted suitable for the study. The analysis investigates six rates concerning: a) wastes; b) technological efficiency; c) personnel productivity. The present work describes only the informations on ST organization and production, delaying the results about costs to a specific further report.
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Cashin, Andrew, and Roxsana Devi Tumanggor. "A Scoping Review of the Health Technology Procurement Decision Process in Indonesia." Nurse Media Journal of Nursing 9, no. 1 (June 26, 2019): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/nmjn.v9i1.21042.
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Background: There is no doubt technological development in the caring sciences can be an enabler of better outcomes. Technological development and the adoption of new technology can also become a constraint and pose challenges to the current patterns of work and organizational elements. A framework for decision making of when to purchase and incorporate new technology is required.Purpose: This paper aimed to determine what is known of procurement decisions of advanced technology in healthcare generally and particularly in Indonesia.Methods: A scoping review was conducted to ascertain the current understanding of what forms the basis of procurement decisions of health technology generally and particularly in Indonesia. Results: A paucity of peer review literature was identified. There was no identified peer reviewed literature with a focus on Indonesia. Without a guiding evidence base and agreed decision making framework, it is likely that there is great variation in practices.Conclusion: In the absence of a solid body of literature to inform practices, two principals to move to a sustainable adoption and integration of advancing and emerging technology into practice in the health care sciences are presented, and provide a scaffold to facilitate navigating what can be tricky waters constituted by enthusiasm and trepidation.
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Burgess, John, and Julia Connell. "New technology and work: Exploring the challenges." Economic and Labour Relations Review 31, no. 3 (August 8, 2020): 310–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1035304620944296.
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Investigations into new technologies, employment and working conditions are timeless and consequently have occupied research, public policy, and popular fiction for centuries. However, in addition to the uncertainty created by the introduction of new technologies, the current coronavirus pandemic, with its associated impact on health and the economy, has led to increased volatility across the globe. The global medical crisis arising from the worldwide spread of COVID-19 is predicted to lead to a global economic crisis and subsequent deep depression. The resultant economic, social and political repercussions are likely to be felt for years or even decades to come, equalling the great depression of the last century. Consequently, it is difficult to make long-term accurate predictions about the impact of new technologies on industry, society, and labour. In this context, the aim of this introductory article to the themed volume is to consider the potential challenges and opportunities associated with the Fourth Industrial Revolution technologies and potential impacts on work and workplaces. This introductory article comprises an international collection of research that examines the impact of technological change on employment and working conditions with consideration given to the additional impacts of the COVID-19 crisis. JEL Codes: O14, O33
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Pavlov, A. V. "Yaroslavl State Medical University on the Threshold of 75th Anniversary." Vysshee Obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia 28, no. 8-9 (September 20, 2019): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31992/0869-3617-2019-28-8-9-129-137.
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In 2019 Yaroslavl State Medical University celebrates its 75th anniversary. For decades, the university has held strong positions in the educational and scientific space of modern Russia. Well-known scientists, health care managers, highly decorated experts in various branches of medicine and prominent public figures are among the alumni of the University. Today, Yaroslavl State Medical University provides training for highly qualified medical workers, as well as professional retraining and advanced training of doctors and pharmacists, actively carries out basic and applied research, develops modern information and technological tools and introduces innovative teaching models. The article examines the modern features of the organization of the educational process and the practical training of students, extracurricular work, research and innovation activities, inter university interaction and international cooperation, and also formulates the main prospects for the development of the University.
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Zikriyoev, A. "Revitalizing Early Stages of Health and Safety Legislation as a Challenge Among Major Economies." Bulletin of Science and Practice 5, no. 4 (April 15, 2019): 359–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/41/51.
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A dynamically developing modern society is characterized by a powerful scientific and technological breakthrough. The application of knowledge cannot only contribute to the evolution of society, but also threaten its safety. In the modern world due to the development of industrial technology danger grows faster than human resistance at work. The latter circumstance indicates the need to strengthen the preparation of citizens to safe behavior and their active civil security positions. Conditions of the new approach ensured the best work places based on the principle of Health and Safety towards regulation stages over the years among major economies. The main goal is to formulate safety regulations scientifically which study in solving the engineering problem, design–construction business, organizational or production process accidents. Challenges among major economies of 20 century were real implementations of theoretical approaches in health and safety in various methodologies.
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Albitskiy, V. Yu, Arseniy A. Modestov, G. A. Mal'kova, Yu S. Nevolin, R. N. Terletskaya, A. A. Ivanova, V. I. Bondar, and S. A. Kogan. "Analysis of the activity of Health Centers for children of the Ural Federal District." Russian Pediatric Journal 19, no. 1 (April 29, 2019): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/1560-9561-2016-19-1-29-34.
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There is presented the analysis of the work of Health Centers (CH) for children organized in regions of the Urals Federal District. According to the report form 68, there was obtained the information about visits of children in age groups: 5-9 years; 10-14 years; 15 and 16-17 years. There are reported indices of the attendance of HC used as markers of their efficacy. There were revealed main flows of the admission of children’s population in the HC and the factors determining them. Particular attention is paid to the results of the visits, as well as the appointment of individual plans, expert advice, direction to out-patient clinics and in-patient hospital. There were identified problem areas of the preventive work of medical and organizational, technological and informational character of HC, there are presented proposals for the improvement of their performance.
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Rogers, Bonnie, and Anita L. Schill. "Ethics and Total Worker Health®: Constructs for Ethical Decision-Making and Competencies for Professional Practice." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 19 (September 24, 2021): 10030. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910030.
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Work has become increasingly technologically driven and fast paced, with long work hours, new/emerging hazards, and rising health care costs. Threats to worker safety, health, and well-being including non-traditional work arrangements and practices, precarious work, uncertain hazardous exposures, and work organization issues, such as heavy workloads, design of work, uneven work hours, and difficult interpersonal relationships among workers and managers are apparent. Furthermore, the relationship between personal health risk factors and workplace risks and exposures has drawn increased attention and concern. As employer economic pressures continue to build, it is anticipated that ethical dilemmas for practitioners will become increasingly complex. A review of relevant Total Worker Health (TWH) literature, related ethical constructs and competencies, an examination of codes of ethics for occupational safety and health and health promotion/education disciplines was conducted. A case study for TWH utilizing an ethical decision-making model for the analysis of key ethical issues and solutions was completed. TWH approaches to protecting safety, promoting health, and advancing well-being are increasingly being adopted. These approaches can reveal ethical dilemmas, and ethical constructs are needed to guide decision-making. A core set of proposed ethical competencies for TWH professionals are identified as a transdisciplinary framework to support workplace ethical culture.
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Bonfada, Diego, José Rodolfo Lopes de Paiva Cavalcanti, Dayane Pessoa de Araujo, and Jacileide Guimarães. "The technology organization of production in health services: (re)knowing boundaries and embracing perspective." Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line 4, no. 1 (December 29, 2009): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.5205/reuol.487-5719-1-le.0401201049.
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ABSTRACTObjective: to reflect on the current dynamics of health services focusing on the importance of soft technologies such proposal to break with the curative hegemonic medical model. Methods: it was performed a literature review of author considered a basic reference for the theme. From this, was developed a theoretical discussion of the texts consulted with a view to support the discussion of soft technologies and production of health care. Results: we perceived that health services point to a fragmented practice, curative and appreciate the highly complex procedures, expertise and hard technologies and soft-hard to guarantee the quality of care. Conclusion: it is essential that the technological organization of work in health rescue the prioritization of the use of soft technologies to that can move forward in the consolidation of the quality of a health system. In this sense, universities and health institutions must act mutually pointing to the reality transformation. Descriptors: health manpower;, technology; health services. RESUMOObjetivo: refletir sobre a atual dinâmica dos serviços de saúde evidenciando a importância das tecnologias leves como proposta de ruptura com o modelo médico curativista hegemônico. Métodos: foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico de autores considerados referência básica para o tema. A partir disso, foi desenvolvida uma reflexão teórica dos textos consultados, na perspectiva de subsidiar a discussão sobre as tecnologias leves e a produção do cuidado em saúde. Resultados: percebeu-se que os serviços de saúde apontam para uma prática fragmentadora, curativista e que valoriza os procedimentos de alta complexidade, a especialização e as tecnologias duras e leve-duras como garantia da qualidade da assistência. Conclusão: torna-se imprescindível que a organização tecnológica do trabalho em saúde resgate a priorização do uso das tecnologias leves para que se possa avançar no processo de consolidação de um sistema de saúde de qualidade. Nesse sentido, Universidades e os serviços precisam atuar mutuamente objetivando a transformação da realidade. Descritores: recursos humanos em saúde; tecnologia; serviços de saúde. RESUMENObjetivo: reflexionar sobre la dinámica actual de los servicios de salud se destaca la importancia de las tecnologías blandas propuesta de este tipo para romper con el modelo médico hegemónico de la curativa. Métodos: se realizó una revisión de la literatura de autores considera como una referencia básica para el tema. De esto, hemos desarrollado un análisis teórico de los textos consultados con el fin de apoyar la discusión de las tecnologías blandas y la producción de atención de la salud. Resultados: se observó que los servicios sanitarios apuntan a una práctica trituradora, curativos y de apreciar los procedimientos de alta complejidad, la experiencia y las tecnologías de duro y blando-duro para garantizar la calidad de la atención. Conclusión: es esencial que la organización tecnológica de los trabajos de rescate en la priorización de la salud de la utilización de tecnologías blandas para avanzar en la consolidación de un sistema de atención sanitaria de calidad. En este sentido, las universidades y otros servicios deben actuar encaminadas a cambiar la realidad. Descriptores: recursos humanos en salud; tecnologia; servicios de salud.
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Robu, Daniela, and John B. Lazar. "Digital Transformation Designed to Succeed: Fit the Change into the Business Strategy and People." Electronic Journal of Knowledge Management 19, no. 2 (September 24, 2021): pp133–149. http://dx.doi.org/10.34190/ejkm.19.2.2411.
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Digital transformation has become a necessity in our volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous (VUCA) world. In their 2019 report, APQC found that 75% of organizations are undergoing digital transformation. Successful digital transformation requires a strong foundation of people, process, technology and content. Selection of the right combination of strategies and deep stakeholder engagement is important in early phases of change when transformation initiatives inform leaders and users why change is needed. Top drivers for digital transformation have business (e.g., increased efficiency and productivity) and people (e.g., optimize user experience with knowledge discovery) facets. This paper illustrates an example of digital transformation in practice led by Knowledge Management, within Alberta Health Services (AHS). AHS is Canada’s first and largest province-wide, fully integrated health system with more than 102,700 employees. Employees need a platform for collaboration on projects, as well as documents and idea generation to meet business needs and enable them to become more efficient and effective in their daily jobs. The design, development, and implementation of a collaborative platform within this large organization required close orchestration of strategies, stakeholders’ commitments and engagement, represented by a continuum of stakeholders’ engagement formats, relationship and trust-building. Setting the stage for successful implementation and post implementation required a preview of technological and workforce trends to anticipate the future of work and worker. Fitting the change into overall business strategy, developing the knowledge of how change would affect the workers, and setting up a mechanism to inform leaders about adoption and user engagement were added as overarching strategies to better align with the line of sight in digital transformation. The platform was implemented with 23 business areas that expressed interest; it has demonstrated the potential to enable system transformation if implemented organization-wide. Business value was demonstrated with an ROI calculation on time savings.
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Maltais, D., and S. Gauthier. "(P1-56) Recent Scientific Writing about Consequences of Disasters on the Health of Worker." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (May 2011): s116—s117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11003888.
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Recent Scientific Writings about Consequences of disasters on Workers Danielle Maltais, Ph.D. and Simon Gauthier, M.Sc. University of Quebec in Chicoutimi (UQAC) When an application of emergency measures is issued following a natural or technological disaster, or a disaster caused by human negligence, in many countries social workers and nurses play a central role in the support to the victims not only during the period of social disturbance but also at the time of the return to a normal life. These workers sometimes find themselves plunged within various intervention sectors where work conditions are often difficult. Once juxtaposed to the characteristics attached to disasters (nature, suddenness, duration, intensity, etc), the characteristics of the workers (intervention skills, training received, intrinsic efforts made, etc) and to the characteristics of the organizations (expectations towards their employees, organizational support offered to the employees, extrinsic efforts required, etc), these conditions increase their level of vulnerability by exposing them to environments harsh to manage. This vulnerability experienced by the workers in an emergency period can be reflected through symptoms such as anxious disorders and exhaustion. This poster will present the major findings of recent studies in this field (impact of disaster on the psychological health of workers) while under lighting personal, contextual and organizational factors which either contribute to the presence of psychological health issues for the workers or facilitate their resilience.
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Greenhalgh, Trisha, Joseph Wherton, Sara Shaw, Chrysanthi Papoutsi, Shanti Vijayaraghavan, and Rob Stones. "Infrastructure Revisited: An Ethnographic Case Study of how Health Information Infrastructure Shapes and Constrains Technological Innovation." Journal of Medical Internet Research 21, no. 12 (December 19, 2019): e16093. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/16093.
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Background Star defined infrastructure as something other things “run on”; it consists mainly of “boring things.” Building on her classic 1999 paper, and acknowledging contemporary developments in technologies, services, and systems, we developed a new theorization of health information infrastructure with five defining characteristics: (1) a material scaffolding, backgrounded when working and foregrounded upon breakdown; (2) embedded, relational, and emergent; (3) collectively learned, known, and practiced (through technologically-supported cooperative work and organizational routines); (4) patchworked (incrementally built and fixed) and path-dependent (influenced by technical and socio-cultural legacies); and (5) institutionally supported and sustained (eg, embodying standards negotiated and overseen by regulatory and professional bodies). Objective Our theoretical objective was, in a health care context, to explore what information infrastructure is and how it shapes, supports, and constrains technological innovation. Our empirical objective was to examine the challenges of implementing and scaling up video consultation services. Methods In this naturalistic case study, we collected a total of 450 hours of ethnographic observations, over 100 interviews, and about 100 local and national documents over 54 months. Sensitized by the characteristics of infrastructure, we sought examples of infrastructural challenges that had slowed implementation and scale-up. We arranged data thematically to gain familiarity before undertaking an analysis informed by strong structuration, neo-institutional, and social practice theories, together with elements taken from the actor-network theory. Results We documented scale-up challenges at three different sites in our original case study, all of which relate to “boring things”: the selection of a platform to support video-mediated consultations, the replacement of desktop computers with virtual desktop infrastructure profiles, and problems with call quality. In a fourth subcase, configuration issues with licensed video-conferencing software limited the spread of the innovation to another UK site. In all four subcases, several features of infrastructure were evident, including: (1) intricacy and lack of dependability of the installed base; (2) interdependencies of technologies, processes, and routines, such that a fix for one problem generated problems elsewhere in the system; (3) the inertia of established routines; (4) the constraining (and, occasionally, enabling) effect of legacy systems; and (5) delays and conflicts relating to clinical quality and safety standards. Conclusions Innovators and change agents who wish to introduce new technologies in health services and systems should: (1) attend to materiality (eg, expect bugs and breakdowns, and prioritize basic dependability over advanced functionality); (2) take a systemic and relational view of technologies (versus as an isolated tool or function); (3) remember that technology-supported work is cooperative and embedded in organizational routines, which are further embedded in other routines; (4) innovate incrementally, taking account of technological and socio-cultural legacies; (5) consider standards but also where these standards come from and what priorities and interests they represent; and (6) seek to create leeway for these standards to be adapted to different local conditions.
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Ciecińska, Barbara, and Wojciech Homik. "The Problems of Ensure of Safe Labor Conditions on Workplaces for Adhesive Bonding." Management Systems in Production Engineering 22, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 89–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mspe-03-02-2016.
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Abstract In the performance a variety of technological operations a human may come into contact with a variety of factors causing deterioration of safety at work. As an example of which is described in article, adhesive bonding operations are requiring use of specific chemicals, which are adhesives. They are produced on the basis of a variety of compounds, often hazardous to human health. Furthermore, adhesive bonding requires a series of preparatory operations such as degreasing or surface preparation with a specific structure and roughness and auxiliary operations such as measurement of the wettability of surface. In this paper are described examples of risks occurring during adhesive bonding, it is a simple way to estimate the risks associated with the performance of operations. The examples of the determination by the producers of chemicals are described which are used in adhesive bonding and fragment of international chemical safety card (ICSC), as a source of information important to the workplace organization and ensuring safety during adhesive bonding.