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Journal articles on the topic 'Technological progression'
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Zhang, Tingting, Can Lu, Edwin Torres, and Cihan Cobanoglu. "Value co-creation and technological progression: a critical review." European Business Review 32, no. 4 (May 21, 2020): 687–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ebr-08-2019-0149.
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Purpose This study aims to identify different approaches to conceptualize value co-creation and analysing firms’ co-creation strategies aided by various advancing technologies. This study further discusses the strengths and weaknesses of these strategies and suggests solutions to overcome the limitations. Design/methodology/approach Following a critical literature review, the authors propose a conceptual framework to denote the relations between evolving technologies and co-creation activities. Findings On one hand, technology influences the co-creation processes by empowering consumers, offering greater ability to connect, providing greater access to information and furnishing a platform that facilitates co-creation; on the other hand, technological advancements may add complexity, variability and lead to loss of control for service organizations. A role of customers and value definitions are identified and elaborated in the value co-creation process. Originality/value Advanced information and communication technologies transcend the traditionally defined service encounters by enabling co-creating actors to exchange resources through virtual interfaces, thus redefining the strategies of value co-creation. Though many studies have discussed value co-creation in diversified standpoints, a perspective from its relationship with technological progression over time remains nascent. The study contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of technology-enabled value co-creation in service ecosystems.
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de Koning, Jos J. "World Records: How Much Athlete? How Much Technology?" International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 5, no. 2 (June 2010): 262–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.5.2.262.
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The quality of performance during international competitions such as the Olympic Games and various world championships is often judged by the number of world records attained. The simple fact that world records continue to improve is evidence that sports performance is progressing. Does this also mean that athletes are improving? Is the continual progression of world-record performances evidence that contemporary athletes are superior to the athletes who performed in the past? Technological developments may obscure insight into the athletic enhancement made by athletes over the years. This commentary tries to separate technological and athletic enhancement in the progression of world records by the use of a power balance model.
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Liu, Xuefeng, Zhao Wang, and Yuying Xie. "Progression from technological entrant to innovative leader: an analytical firm-level framework for strategic technological upgrade." Innovation 21, no. 3 (March 5, 2019): 443–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14479338.2019.1583062.
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Curtis, Louise R., K. Alington, and Helen L. Partridge. "Insulin pumps: are services and health equity undermining technological progression?" Practical Diabetes 38, no. 4 (July 2021): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pdi.2349.
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Suominen, Arho. "Analysis of technological progression by quantitative measures: a comparison of two technologies." Technology Analysis & Strategic Management 25, no. 6 (June 18, 2013): 687–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09537325.2013.802930.
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Kalidoss, Ramji, Radhakrishnan Kothalam, A. Manikandan, Saravana Kumar Jaganathan, Anish Khan, and Abdullah M. Asiri. "Socio-economic demands and challenges for non-invasive disease diagnosis through a portable breathalyzer by the incorporation of 2D nanosheets and SMO nanocomposites." RSC Advances 11, no. 35 (2021): 21216–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ra02554f.
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Page, Tom. "Technological Diffusion of Near Field Communication (NFC)." International Journal of Technology Diffusion 7, no. 3 (July 2016): 59–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijtd.2016070105.
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Near Field Communication (NFC) is increasingly being employed in modern consumer devices and until now it has been used for mobile payments. However, on further investigation there are other areas where NFC has a key role. Recent developments in Medical and ticketing based NFC applications show promise for being the so called “Catalyst” for NFC's integration. The objective of this research was to determine if mobile payments will be the catalyst for a more widespread integration of NFC into society and how NFC technology will impact on everyday life. Research Methods comprised questionnaire and interviews to gain further insight into the current standing of NFC. The findings indicated that NFC will not mature enough to be classified as viral by 2016, especially with contactless payments as no decisions seem to have been made for any progression. It is that most likely outcome that NFC will mature enough at the very latest in 2018, with further development in the years to come for unique serialisation and the internet of things. Managerial implications for this research extend to the medical sector where large gains can be made in better patient care and remote diagnostics leading to a more efficient service.
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Yu, Min, Shannon Stott, Mehmet Toner, Shyamala Maheswaran, and Daniel A. Haber. "Circulating tumor cells: approaches to isolation and characterization." Journal of Cell Biology 192, no. 3 (February 7, 2011): 373–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201010021.
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Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) shed from primary and metastatic cancers are admixed with blood components and are thus rare, making their isolation and characterization a major technological challenge. CTCs hold the key to understanding the biology of metastasis and provide a biomarker to noninvasively measure the evolution of tumor genotypes during treatment and disease progression. Improvements in technologies to yield purer CTC populations amenable to better cellular and molecular characterization will enable a broad range of clinical applications, including early detection of disease and the discovery of biomarkers to predict treatment responses and disease progression.
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Khan, Mahmood A. "Technological Disruptions in Restaurant Services: Impact of Innovations and Delivery Services." Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research 44, no. 5 (February 26, 2020): 715–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1096348020908636.
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This qualitative exploratory study assesses the technological disruptions in restaurant services caused by innovations in food delivery. A systematic review of the restaurant classification for the past two decades showed that the use of the term “restaurant delivery service” increased significantly since 2014 and is now used as often as “fast food service.” An improved typology of services as affected by technology is presented. A hypothetical model was developed to show the hierarchical progression of restaurant services as affected by technological innovations. Technological disruptions were categorized at different stages. The theory of disruptive innovation was assessed, and a hypothesis is presented to relate the impact on delivery services. Major disruptions identified are in the restaurant terminology/classification, widening of the distance between the service provider and customer contact points, and the potential collateral disruption to the service quality. Opportunities and challenges related to disruptions are identified.
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Fleer, Marilyn. "Talking Technologically in Preschool and School: Three Case Examples." Australasian Journal of Early Childhood 21, no. 2 (June 1996): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/183693919602100202.
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This paper details three examples of technology education in process. The first case study highlights how an early childhood teacher comes to think about and plan for technology education. A series of diary entries are included to show the progression in thinking. In the second case study, a preschool teacher shows how very young children can participate in technology education. In the third case study a Year 3 teacher reveals how young children can become investigators in a simulated architects studio. The focus is on following the children's technological questions. All three case studies provide some insight into the sort of technological language that can be fostered in early childhood.
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Nickerson, Michael, and Melissa Pollard. "Mrs. Chase and Her Descendants: A Historical View of Simulation." Creative Nursing 16, no. 3 (August 2010): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1078-4535.16.3.101.
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“I hear and I forget. I see and I remember. I do and I understand.” This ancient proverb written by Confucius both sums up simulation and emphasizes the educational merits of performance practice and experiential learning. The history behind simulation shows a progression not only in technological advances but, more importantly, in promoting adult learning principles and improving patient safety.
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Matotoka, Motlhatlego Dennis, and Kolawole Olusola Odeku. "Mainstreaming Black Women into Managerial Positions in the South African Corporate Sector in the Era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR)." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal 24 (June 23, 2021): 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2021/v24i0a10734.
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The active participation of Black South African women in the corporate sector is essential for the achievement of equity and diversity. Since 1994 the sector has failed to promote black women into managerial positions despite the existence of the Employment Equity Act 55 of 1998 that requires the equitable representation of previously disadvantaged groups on all occupational levels. Conversely, the managerial positions in the South African corporate sector continue to be dominated by white males and little effort is being made to achieve equity. The paucity of black women persists in the corporate sector during a period in which South Africa, like many other countries, is preparing itself for the fourth industrial revolution, which has broad implications for the sector. Black women are under-represented in the emerging technological environment in South Africa, and this imbalance is further perpetuating the exclusion of black women from managerial positions. This paper argues that the emerging technological environment presents an opportunity for the corporate sector to reflect on the training needs of Black women and prioritise technology in its quest to achieve equity. An increase in the number of black women with technological skills would enhance their prospects of occupying meaningful managerial roles. The corporate sector in South Africa is expected to comply with progressive statutory interventions and policies to advance women in the emerging technological environment who have the right qualifications, experience, and competency to fill the managerial positions from which they were previously excluded. In this paper we examine and analyse the challenges which are hampering the progression of black women into managerial echelons in post-1994 democratic South Africa. In order to present an objective and balanced view, we also present the strides being taken by some corporates (very few of them) to address the problem of the obstacles to the advancement of Black South African women to managerial positions.
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Lauritsen, Peter, and Andreas Feuerbach. "CCTV in Denmark 1954-1982." Surveillance & Society 13, no. 3/4 (October 26, 2015): 528–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ss.v13i3/4.4560.
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The article describes how CCTV has evolved in Denmark from 1954, where it is first mentioned in a specialist journal, to 1982, where legislation is passed that regulates how CCTV can be used and by whom. The article identifies four technological frames in which CCTV is placed in the period. Three of these are ‘use-directed’ as they point to various ways of using CCTV and identify certain advantages and obstacles for this use. These three frames are ‘CCTV in industries’, ‘CCTV in traffic’, and ‘CCTV in security practices’. The fourth technological frame is critical towards using CCTV; it fears that the relationship between citizens and state is hampered and that the privacy of citizens is at risk. This technological frame is labeled ‘CCTV as a democratic threat’. The article shows how there have been various controversies between the different interpretations of CCTV. Thus, CCTV in Denmark has not evolved through linear and uncontested progression; in fact, CCTV has been at the centre of several controversies in which surveillance practices have been negotiated and regulated.
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Gardner, Paul A., Daniel M. Prevedello, Amin B. Kassam, Carl H. Snyderman, Ricardo L. Carrau, and Arlan H. Mintz. "The evolution of the endonasal approach for craniopharyngiomas." Journal of Neurosurgery 108, no. 5 (May 2008): 1043–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns/2008/108/5/1043.
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✓Craniopharyngiomas have always been an extremely challenging type of tumor to treat. The transsphenoidal route has been used for resection of these lesions since its introduction. The authors present a historical review of the literature from the introduction of the endonasal route for resection of craniopharyngiomas until the present. Abandoned early due to technological limitations, this approach has been expanded both in its application and in its anatomical boundaries with subsequent progressive improvements in outcomes. This expansion has coincided with advances in visualization devices, imaging guidance techniques, and anatomical understanding. The progression from the use of headlights, to microscopy, to endoscopy and fluoroscopy, and finally to modern intraoperative magnetic resonance–guided techniques, combined with collaboration between otolaryngologists and neurosurgeons, has provided the framework for the development of current techniques for the resection of sellar and suprasellar craniopharyngiomas.
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McKendry, Kate, Fiona Desmond, Cian Ward, and Austin G. Duffy. "Pseudoprogression and cancer immunotherapy: A seven year retrospective study of rate, temporal course, and predictive markers in an Irish tertiary referral center." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): 2651. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.2651.
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2651 Background: Immunotherapy is a relatively new treatment strategy which has achieved unprecedented clinical efficacy in many advanced malignancies. However, the pattern of tumour response to immunotherapy is distinct from other therapies and poses major challenges to clinicians. One such challenge is pseudoprogression. The aim of this study was to assess the current management of patients on immunotherapy with radiological evidence of disease progression at first restaging imaging in an Irish cancer centre, and to determine the rate, time course, and predictive markers of pseudoprogression in those patients treated beyond progression (TBP). Methods: Patients treated with immunotherapy for metastatic malignancy in MMUH between March 2013 and September 2020 were retrospectively drawn. Inclusion required follow-up restaging imaging every 4-12 weeks for the duration of treatment. Patterns of response during immunotherapy were established from radiology reports and categorized as stable (SD), response (R), mixed disease (MD), or progressive disease (PD). Pseudoprogression was defined as progression/ mixed disease at first restaging compared to baseline followed by subsequent response/stable disease. Results: The cohort of 228 patients was comprised of 80 NSCLC, 74 melanoma, 25 RCC, 19 gynaecological, 14 gastrointestinal, 6 breast, 1 ESSCLC, and 9 other cancer patients. Median age was 61.16 (IQR 49.47-69.44). Therapeutic agents were anti-PD1 alone (176) or in combination with targeted therapy (6) or CTLA4 (13), CTLA4 alone (15), and anti-PD-L1 alone (13) or in combination with chemotherapy (5). At first restaging, the number (%) classified as SD, R, MD, and PD, respectively, was 29 (12.8), 62 (27.2), 16 (7), and 76 (33.3). Treatment was stopped prior to restaging in 44 (19.3) cases. Of the 92 patients with mixed/ progressive disease, 41 were TBP and 51 were not treated beyond progression (NTBP). Evidence of radiological progression and worsening performance status (PS) were the most common reasons given by clinicians for NTBP. Of those TBP, 20 had subsequent response/stable disease, occurring at a median of 105.50 (range 58.0-420) days after the initial restaging scan and giving an overall pseudoprogression rate of 8.8%. At one year, 100% of the pseudoprogression group was alive. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was significantly lower in the pseudoprogression group compared to those with true progression (p = 0.006). There was no significant difference in performance status between the two groups. Conclusions: Pseudoprogression on cancer immunotherapy is real but uncommon, with an overall incidence of 8.8%. It can occur any time up to 420 days after initial progression and indicates a high likelihood of > 1 year survival. A low NLR may be a useful predictor of pseudoprogression but a technological solution is likely needed.
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Needham, Stuart, and Sheridan Bowman. "Flesh-hooks, technological complexity and the Atlantic Bronze Age feasting complex." European Journal of Archaeology 8, no. 2 (2005): 93–136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461957105066936.
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Thirty-six Atlantic flesh-hooks are documented, classified and discussed after critical evaluation of previously identified examples and the addition of new ones. A chronological progression is shown from the more simple classes to the more complex from 1300 to 800 cal BC, but even the latter examples begin as early as c.1100 cal BC. Although highly distinctive, the Atlantic series derives ultimately from similar hooked instruments to the east and newly recognized Sicilian examples introduce an alternative path of dissemination from the more usually accepted intermediary route of the Urnfield culture. The rarity of flesh-hooks is striking and understanding of their social role needs to take into account not only their marked individuality in terms of technological construction or iconographic features, but also their relationship to other contemporary prestige feasting gear. The distributions of flesh-hooks and rotary spits are mutually exclusive over most of Atlantic Europe; thus, not only did they function differently at a practical level, but also at an ideological one. On the other hand, flesh-hooks and cauldrons have very similar distributions but they have a paucity of direct associations. Rather than implying a limited functional relationship, this is interpreted as resulting from their different symbolic meanings and thus different depositional practices. The zoomorphic imagery encountered on Atlantic spits and occasionally on flesh-hooks is found to be unique to each instrument and thus seen to contrast with that of the Urnfield world, suggesting the signalling of tribal or clan identity rather than an over-arching symbolism.
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Chaudhary, Muhammad Umair, Abdul Ghani, and Shehla Jabeen. "Electronic Media and Impact of Advancement in Information Technology." Volume-04 Issue-2 04, no. 02 (September 30, 2020): 230–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.36968/jpdc-v04-i02-13.
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The present study shall discuss and explore the advancement of Information Technology and its usage in electronic media. It will also elaborate the technological advancement, and development has impacted media particularly electronic media including radio, newsreels, television, and film, etc. Information Technology has been influential due to its rapid advancement and progression. It has also reshaped the way information is disseminated on different forms of electronic media. To gauge the impact of advancement in Information Technology on electronic media, a survey method was used and interviews were conducted from IT professionals, journalists students, etc. All forms of information technology have virtually created an impact on society. However, the electronic media industry has taken some time to adopt technological advancements, changes, and development. The emergence of new ways, techniques resultantly increased the viewership, and resultantly transmission of electronic media has gone up dramatically.
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Berescu, Ana Georgiana, Andreea Mihaela Stoica, and Alexandra Bolocan. "NEW THERAPIES IN UNRESECTABLE PANCREATIC NEUROENDOCRINE TUMORS." Journal of Surgical Sciences 1, no. 3 (November 2, 2018): 135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.33695/jss.v1i3.189.
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Until recently, the main form of treatment for the pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors was the surgical resection (the Whipple operation). Due to technological advances, which resulted in more frequent diagnosis, attempts were made to discover other less radical forms of treatment, including limited surgical resection and multiple forms of chemotherapy. Surgical resection has shown benefit only on small lesions with no metastases. According to the recent studies chemotherapeutic agents have shown substantial benefits in terms of survival and disease progression, especially sunitinib and everolimus.
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Behadili, Suhad, Hadeel Jabar, Walaa Tahlok, and Safa Abdulsahib. "No Mobile Phobia Phenomenon _ A Review." Iraqi Journal for Electrical and Electronic Engineering 17, no. 1 (March 8, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37917/jeee.17.1.6.
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The No Mobile Phone Phobia or Nomophobia notion is referred to the psychological condition once humans have a fear of being disconnected from mobile phone connectivity. Hence, it is considered as a recent age phobia that emerged nowadays as a consequence of high engagement between people, mobile data, and communication inventions, especially the smart phones. This review is based on earlier observations and current debate such as commonly used techniques that modeling and analyzing this phenomenon like statistical studies. All that in order to possess preferable comprehension concerning human reactions to the speedy technological ubiquitous. Accordingly, humans ought to restrict their utilization of mobile phones instead of prohibiting it, due to the fact that they could not evade the power of technological progression. In that matter, future perspectives would be employing data mining techniques to explore deep knowledge, which represents correlated relationship between the human and the mobile phone.
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Casciaro, Sergio, Francesco Conversano, Ernesto Casciaro, Giulia Soloperto, Emanuele Perrone, Gian Carlo Di Renzo, and Antonio Perrone. "Automatic Evaluation of Progression Angle and Fetal Head Station through Intrapartum Echographic Monitoring." Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/278978.
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Labor progression is routinely assessed through transvaginal digital inspections, meaning that the clinical decisions taken during the most delicate phase of pregnancy are subjective and scarcely supported by technological devices. In response to such inadequacies, we combined intrapartum echographic acquisitions with advanced tracking algorithms in a new method for noninvasive, quantitative, and automatic monitoring of labor. Aim of this work is the preliminary clinical validation and accuracy evaluation of our automatic algorithm in assessing progression angle (PA) and fetal head station (FHS). A cohort of 10 parturients underwent conventional labor management, with additional translabial echographic examinations after each uterine contraction. PA and FHS were evaluated by our automatic algorithm on the acquired images. Additionally, an experienced clinical sonographer, blinded regarding the algorithm results, quantified on the same acquisitions of the two parameters through manual contouring, which were considered as the standard reference in the evaluation of automatic algorithm and routine method accuracies. The automatic algorithm (mean error ± 2SD) provided a global accuracy of0.9±4.0 mm for FHS and 4° ± 9° for PA, which is far above the diagnostic ability shown by the routine method, and therefore it resulted in a reliable method for earlier identification of abnormal labor patterns in support of clinical decisions.
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Akhter, Aziza, and Reajmin Sultana. "Sustainability of Accounting Profession at the Age of Fourth Industrial Revolution." International Journal of Accounting and Financial Reporting 8, no. 4 (October 11, 2018): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijafr.v8i4.13689.
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According to previous literature and surveys, a technological progression increases the use of technologies in the accounting and auditing profession. Frey and Osborne’s (2013) predicted that this profession will face extinction, which leads this paper to study the future prospects of the accounting profession in a global and local context of Bangladesh. At present, technologies are automating routine accounting activities resulting job cut around the world. But the advanced study reveals that technology cannot replace emotional intelligence and critical thinking abilities of a human in near future. As technology is spreading the scope of the profession, knowledge of trending technologies along with some survival skills are required for accountants. This paper tried to present the upcoming trends of the accounting profession, at the same time discusses the required skills to adapt to the technological changes. After observing 18 companies of Bangladesh, it has been found that advanced technologies are not introduced here except software and according to the survey; software’s are not affecting accounting employment yet.
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Donthu, Naveen, Satish Kumar, Adam Mills, and Debidutta Pattnaik. "Journal of Marketing Education: A Retrospective Overview Between 1979 and 2019." Journal of Marketing Education 43, no. 2 (March 1, 2021): 139–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0273475321996026.
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Journal of Marketing Education ( JMED) is an important academic source for the progression of innovative research and experiential wisdom, both of which enhance the knowledge of marketing educators. The primary objective of this study is to provide a retrospection on the emergence and growth of JMED using scientometrics—in simple terms, is the quantification of science. Applying bibliometric methods, the top articles, authors, and topics in JMED titles are identified. A thematic analysis groups JMED articles into 10 semantic clusters: team environment, innovative teaching techniques, students’ evaluation of teaching, qualitative assessment of marketing outlets, technological diffusion in marketing education, experiential learning, marketing values and ethics, self-regulated learning, objective exams, and multiple experiential techniques and student learning. Among these, technological diffusion in marketing education, marketing values and ethics, and multiple experiential techniques and student learning are the most popular and evolving. Apart from informing JMED readers about possible future avenues of the journal, this study may provide valuable information to its editorial board.
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Bertenshaw, DR. "The standardisation of light and photometry – A historical review." Lighting Research & Technology 52, no. 7 (April 6, 2020): 816–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477153520904755.
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This paper investigates the technological challenges and solutions to defining a reproducible standard for light together with its measurement, from the 18th to 21st century. The arrival and subsequent need to quantify gas lighting led to development of improved measurement methods, which in turn demanded more reliable standards of light, evolving from candle and flame standards to incandescence, and eventually the current radiometric definition. The progression is similarly traced from the plethora of early comparative visual photometry methods through to modern semiconductor instrumentation. The problem of heterochromatic photometry is also examined.
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Huard, Adrienne. "Beads they’re sewn so tight." Public 30, no. 60 (March 1, 2020): 278–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/public_00023_4.
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Curated by Lisa Myers, Textile Museum of Canada, Toronto, October 10, 2018 - May 26, 2019This exhibition demonstrates a shift from archaic notions of Indigenous cultural production and celebrates the ongoing perseverance of Indigenous knowledges, which are steeped in technological advancements. By challenging the idea of “tradition”, it allows these artists to generate discussions towards new modes of Indigenous cultural display and tradition. Acknowledging that Indigenous beading and quillworks continue to be a symbol of our resilience and political sovereignty, this exhibition embraces the grounded progression of innovation within our visual culture.
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Fernández-Fernández, Manuel V., Victor Marcelo, José B. Valenciano, F. Javier López, and Pablo Pastrana. "Spain’s national network of silos and granaries: architectural and technological change over time." Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 18, no. 3 (December 29, 2020): e0205. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2020183-16250.
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Aim of study: To analyse the 670 silos in Spain’s NNSG (National Network of Silos and Granaries), along with the changes in typologies and degree of mechanisation taking place over time.Area of study: Spain.Material and methods: Research began in 2014, collecting NNSG grain storage data across Spain further to the methodology developed by the authors. In a first stage the information was gathered from the FEGA’s general archives in Madrid and the archives of the departments of agriculture in the 13 regions where silos were built. In the second stage of the study, 665 silos were explored in situ. Photographs were taken and information was gathered on their characteristics (general features; architectural features; technological facilities).Main results: This paper discusses the architectural and typological changes taking place over time, from the earliest small, local, richly adorned brick silos to larger, more modern and austere reinforced concrete structures. The machinery with which they are fitted is also addressed, with the progression from basic grain storage to more sophisticated equipment designed to clean, refrigerate or disinfect the grain. Some facilities were used exclusively to select and condition seed for subsequent sowing. The most modern structures, known as macrosilos, are highly mechanised affairs.Research highlights: Spain’s national network of silos and granaries was 41 years in the building. The inventory of the 665 existing silos identified 20 types or subtypes. Early richly adorned units gradually gave way to more austere, functional structures. The machinery in place in silos varied with type/purpose and period of construction.
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Lee, Ho-Su, and Isabelle Cleynen. "Molecular Profiling of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Is It Ready for Use in Clinical Decision-Making?" Cells 8, no. 6 (June 4, 2019): 535. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8060535.
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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a heterogeneous disorder in terms of age at onset, clinical phenotypes, severity, disease course, and response to therapy. This underlines the need for predictive and precision medicine that can optimize diagnosis and disease management, provide more cost-effective strategies, and minimize the risk of adverse events. Ideally, we can leverage molecular profiling to predict the risk to develop IBD and disease progression. Despite substantial successes of genome-wide association studies in the identification of genetic variants affecting IBD susceptibility, molecular profiling of disease onset and progression as well as of treatment responses has lagged behind. Still, thanks to technological advances and good study designs, predicting phenotypes using genomics and transcriptomics in IBD has been rapidly evolving. In this review, we summarize the current status of prediction of disease risk, clinical course, and response to therapy based on clinical case presentations. We also discuss the potential and limitations of the currently used approaches.
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Oswald, Julia, and Petr Baranov. "Regenerative medicine in the retina: from stem cells to cell replacement therapy." Therapeutic Advances in Ophthalmology 10 (January 1, 2018): 251584141877443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2515841418774433.
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Following the fast pace of the growing field of stem cell research, retinal cell replacement is finally emerging as a feasible mean to be explored for clinical application. Although neuroprotective treatments are able to slow the progression of retinal degeneration caused by diseases such as age-related macular degeneration and glaucoma, they are insufficient to fully halt disease progression and unable to recover previously lost vision. Comprehensive, technological and intellectual advances over the past years, including the in vitro differentiation of retinal cells at manufacturing scale from embryonic stem (ES) cell and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell cultures, progress within the area of retinal disease modeling, and the first clinical trials have started to shape the way towards addressing this treatment gap and translating retinal cell replacement to the clinic. Here, summarize the most recent advances within retinal cell replacement from both a scientific and clinical perspective, and discuss the remaining challenges towards the delivery of the first retinal cell products.
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Hanein, Yael, and Anat Mirelman. "The Home-Based Sleep Laboratory." Journal of Parkinson's Disease 11, s1 (July 16, 2021): S71—S76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jpd-202412.
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Sleep disturbances are prevalent in neurodegenerative diseases in general, and in Parkinson’s disease (PD) in particular. Recent evidence points to the clinical value of sleep in disease progression and improving quality of life. Therefore, monitoring sleep quality in an ongoing manner at the convenience of one’s home has the potential to improve clinical research and to contribute to significantly better personalized treatment. Further, precise mapping of sleep patterns of each patient can contribute to a better understanding of the disease, its progression and the appropriate medical treatment. Here we review selective, state-of-the-art, home-based devices for assessing sleep and sleep related disorders. We highlight the large potential as well as the main challenges. In particular, we discuss medical validity, standardization and regulatory concerns that currently impede widespread clinical adoption of existing devices. Finally, we propose a roadmap with the technological and scientific steps that are required to impact PD research and treatment.
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Verma, Amitabh. "The power of the pen(cil): Enduring validity in technology-dominated design education." Visual Inquiry 8, no. 3 (December 1, 2019): 203–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/vi_00005_1.
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Abstract The recent marginalization of long-established manual graphic traditions by technological alternatives has precipitated wide-ranging consequences for design education in diverse contexts and specializations. In this article, I analyse this progression as situated within the discipline of landscape architecture, advocating for a curricular reformation to reprioritize manual graphics as a pivotal element in design education. From my vantage point at the intersection of professional practice, pedagogy and research, I summarize this development within the specific arena of landscape architecture education. Prominent issues of concern and implications are identified, followed by articulation of remedial strategies appropriate to current circumstances.
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Kang, Yoon H., and Francois Berthiaume. "Periodontitis: Clinical Aspects, Pathophysiology, Experimental Approaches and Emerging Therapies." Nano LIFE 11, no. 03 (July 16, 2021): 2130006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793984421300065.
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This review paper presents an overview of periodontal disease, beginning with clinical aspects including prevalence, etiology, disease progression mechanisms and implications for general health, followed by current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. We then describe experimental models used for in vitro and in vivo investigations of periodontal disease, and emerging therapeutic approaches based on biomedical and tissue engineering concepts, nanotechnology, gene and stem cell therapies. We aim to provide bioengineers, tissue engineers and nanotechnology researchers an overall understanding of the state-of-the-art of periodontal disease to foster technological innovation based on interdisciplinary research and collaboration between physical and medical scientists.
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Mulligan-Kehoe, Mary Jo. "The vasa vasorum in diseased and nondiseased arteries." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 298, no. 2 (February 2010): H295—H305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00884.2009.
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The vasa vasorum form a network of microvasculature that originate primarily in the adventitial layer of large arteries. These vessels supply oxygen and nutrients to the outer layers of the arterial wall. The expansion of the vasa vasorum to the second order is associated with neovascularization related to progression of atherosclerosis. Immunohistological analysis of human plaques from autopsied aortas have defined plaque progression and show a significant correlation with vasa vasorum neovascularization. Recent technological advances in microcomputed tomography have enabled investigation of vasa vasorum structure and function in nondiseased large arteries from pigs and dogs. Smaller mammals, particularly mice with genetic modifications that enable disease development, have been used extensively to study the vasa vasorum in diseased vessels. Despite the fact that most mouse models that are used to study atherosclerosis are unable to develop plaque to the extent found in humans, studies in both humans and mice underscore the importance of angiogenic vasa vasorum in progression of atherosclerosis. Those who have examined the vasa vasorum in occluded vessels of nondiseased pigs and dogs find that inhibition of the vasa vasorum makes the animals atheroprone. Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial disease. There is increasing evidence that factors, produced in response to changes in the arterial wall, collaborate with the vasa vasorum to enhance the disease process.
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Chetina, E. V., G. A. Markova, and A. M. Lila. "Molecular basis for new approaches to therapy of osteoarthritis (part I)." Modern Rheumatology Journal 15, no. 4 (August 15, 2021): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.14412/1996-7012-2021-4-7-12.
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Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common disease of the elderly, which is accompanied by pain and damages all tissues of the joint. OA is associated with progressive loss of articular cartilage, sclerotic changes in the subchondral bone and the formation of osteophytes. Cartilage destruction is caused by resorption of the extracellular matrix, which consists mainly of type II collagen and aggrecan proteoglycan. Excessive cleavage of type II collagen in OA is associated with increased synthesis and activity of metalloproteinases and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines of interleukin 1β and tumor necrosis factor α. Currently, OA therapy is symptomatic, often ineffective, and in some cases is accompanied by adverse side effects. Therefore, the search for new therapeutic approaches to the treatment of the disease, using modern technological capabilities and knowledge of the metabolic disorders that cause the disease. The review presents new promising methods in the treatment of OA using stem cells and subcellular structures, based on modern knowledge of molecular and cellular mechanisms that are disrupted during development and disease progression.
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Kaplunov, D. R., D. N. Radchenko, V. S. Fedotenko, and V. S. Lavenkov. "Assessment of efficiency of transition to a new wave of technological innovation in underground mining during is continuous progression to deeper levels." Mining informational and analytical bulletin, no. 12 (2020): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2020-12-0-5-15.
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Appleby, Brian S., Kathleen Glisic, Daniel D. Rhoads, Alberto Bizzi, Mark L. Cohen, and Supriya Mahajan. "Feasibility of Remote Assessment of Human Prion Diseases for Research and Surveillance." Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders 47, no. 1-2 (2019): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000497055.
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Background: Prion disease research and surveillance can be challenging due to the disease’s difficulty to diagnose, rapid progression, and geographic dispersion. Improving accessibility through teleneurology could improve the ability to conduct these activities. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of conducting teleneurology assessments for research and surveillance of prion diseases. Method: Participants were offered in-person visit, medical record review, or teleneurology assessment. Standardized histories and assessments evaluating cognition, functional ability, and neuropsychiatric symptoms were collected. Data regarding participants’ satisfaction with teleneurology were collected. Results: From April 2017 to July 2018, the study received 114 referrals. 45 and 5 participants consented for the teleneurology and medical record review arms of the study, respectively. 29 subjects participated in at least one teleneurology visit. Participants expressed satisfaction with teleneurology and found it easy to participate. Some aspects of the examination were hindered or interrupted due to technological reasons. Conclusions: We demonstrate the feasibility and preference of teleneurology as a modality in which subjects with prion disease can partake in clinical research. Technological aspects sometimes interfered with research assessments.
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Roca, Josep, Akos Tenyi, and Isaac Cano. "Paradigm changes for diagnosis: using big data for prediction." Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) 57, no. 3 (February 25, 2019): 317–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2018-0971.
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Abstract Due to profound changes occurring in biomedical knowledge and in health systems worldwide, an entirely new health and social care scenario is emerging. Moreover, the enormous technological potential developed over the last years is increasingly influencing life sciences and driving changes toward personalized medicine and value-based healthcare. However, the current slow progression of adoption, limiting the generation of healthcare efficiencies through technological innovation, can be realistically overcome by fostering convergence between a systems medicine approach and the principles governing Integrated Care. Implicit with this strategy is the multidisciplinary active collaboration of all stakeholders involved in the change, namely: citizens, professionals with different profiles, academia, policy makers, industry and payers. The article describes the key building blocks of an open and collaborative hub currently being developed in Catalonia (Spain) aiming at generation, deployment and evaluation of a personalized medicine program addressing highly prevalent chronic conditions that often show co-occurrence, namely: cardiovascular disorders, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus; metabolic syndrome and associated mental disturbances (anxiety-depression and altered behavioral patterns leading to unhealthy life styles).
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REIS, José Maciel Caldas dos, Maurício Fortuna PINHEIRO, André Takashi OTI, Denilson José Silva FEITOSA-JUNIOR, Mauro de Souza PANTOJA, and Rui Sérgio Monteiro BARROS. "TECHNOLOGICAL INFORMATION REGARDING PREBIOTICS AND PROBIOTICS NUTRITION VERSUS THE PATENT REGISTERS: WHAT IS NEW?" ABCD. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cirurgia Digestiva (São Paulo) 29, no. 4 (December 2016): 279–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0102-6720201600040016.
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ABSTRACT Introduction: Food is a key factor both in prevention and in promoting human health. Among the functional food are highlighted probiotics and prebiotics. Patent databases are the main source of technological information about innovation worldwide, providing extensive library for research sector. Objective: Perform mapping in the main patent databases about pre and probiotics, seeking relevant information regarding the use of biotechnology, nanotechnology and genetic engineering in the production of these foods. Method: Electronic consultation was conducted (online) in the main public databases of patents in Brazil (INPI), United States (USPTO) and the European Patent Bank (EPO). The research involved the period from January 2014 to July 2015, being used in the title fields and summary of patents, the following descriptors in INPI "prebiotic", "prebiotic" "probiotics", "probiotic" and the USPTO and EPO: "prebiotic", "prebiotics", "probiotic", "probiotics". Results: This search haven't found any deposit at the brazilian patents website (INPI) in this period; US Patent &Trademark Office had registered 60 titles in patents and the European Patent Office (EPO) showed 10 documents on the issue. Conclusion: Information technology offered by genetic engineering, biotechnology and nanotechnology deposited in the form of titles and abstracts of patents in relation to early nutritional intervention as functional foods, has increasingly required to decrease the risks and control the progression of health problems. But, the existing summaries, although attractive and promising in this sense, are still incipient to recommend them safely as a therapeutic tool. Therefore, they should be seen more as diet elements and healthy lifestyles.
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Dhakal, Sudip, and Ian Macreadie. "Protein Homeostasis Networks and the Use of Yeast to Guide Interventions in Alzheimer’s Disease." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 21 (October 28, 2020): 8014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21218014.
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Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a progressive multifactorial age-related neurodegenerative disorder that causes the majority of deaths due to dementia in the elderly. Although various risk factors have been found to be associated with AD progression, the cause of the disease is still unresolved. The loss of proteostasis is one of the major causes of AD: it is evident by aggregation of misfolded proteins, lipid homeostasis disruption, accumulation of autophagic vesicles, and oxidative damage during the disease progression. Different models have been developed to study AD, one of which is a yeast model. Yeasts are simple unicellular eukaryotic cells that have provided great insights into human cell biology. Various yeast models, including unmodified and genetically modified yeasts, have been established for studying AD and have provided significant amount of information on AD pathology and potential interventions. The conservation of various human biological processes, including signal transduction, energy metabolism, protein homeostasis, stress responses, oxidative phosphorylation, vesicle trafficking, apoptosis, endocytosis, and ageing, renders yeast a fascinating, powerful model for AD. In addition, the easy manipulation of the yeast genome and availability of methods to evaluate yeast cells rapidly in high throughput technological platforms strengthen the rationale of using yeast as a model. This review focuses on the description of the proteostasis network in yeast and its comparison with the human proteostasis network. It further elaborates on the AD-associated proteostasis failure and applications of the yeast proteostasis network to understand AD pathology and its potential to guide interventions against AD.
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Green, Jordan R. "Mouth Matters: Scientific and Clinical Applications of Speech Movement Analysis." Perspectives on Speech Science and Orofacial Disorders 25, no. 1 (July 2015): 6–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/ssod25.1.6.
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New techniques for recording and analyzing speech movements have the potential to radically change existing approaches to speech assessment and management. Advances in motion capture hardware and software are now enabling a critical mass of researchers to comprehensively investigate speech motor performance in healthy and disordered populations. Although this technology is currently almost exclusively used for research, promising clinical applications are now emerging. In this paper, I briefly discuss the technological progression of current technologies used to record speech movements. I also highlight research in the Speech and Feeding Disorders Lab that is exploring ways to leverage this technology to assist with the assessment and management of motor speech disorders.
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Bezuszka, Stanley J., and Margaret J. Kenney. "Even Perfect Numbers: (Update)2." Mathematics Teacher 90, no. 8 (November 1997): 628–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mt.90.8.0628.
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Perfect Numbers may appear perfectly useless; however, they do have redeeming features. Specifically, the pursuit of perfect numbers leads us to examine the history of mathematics very closely to locate information about the progression of mathematicians who have discovered and worked with them. Students assigned to produce a report on perfect numbers and their properties will uncover some fascinating episodes. Further, perfect numbers are part of the frontier of the technological age. They are woven into the mystique of the supercomputer. Anyone with an interest in computing can try to determine how the computer helps in the search for perfect numbers and what algorithms are used for this purpose.
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Toneto, Marcelo Garcia, Shandi Prill, Leticia Manoel Debon, Fernando Zucuni Furlan, and Nedio Steffen. "The history of the parathyroid surgery." Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões 43, no. 3 (June 2016): 214–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-69912016003003.
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ABSTRACT The authors conducted a review of the major aspects of progression of knowledge about the surgical treatment of hyperparathyroidism. Through literature review, we analyzed articles on the history of the evolution of anatomical, physiological, pathological and surgical knowledge of the parathyroid glands. Because of their unique anatomical features, the parathyroid glands were the last of the endocrine glands to be discovered, which greatly hindered proper treatment until the first decades of the twentieth century. Technological developments in the last 30 years greatly facilitated the location of the glands and hyperparathyroidism surgery. However, an experienced and dedicated surgeon is still essential to the excellence of treatment.
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Koiwai, Keiichiro, Yuuki Endo, Kai Mizuhata, Hironobu Ina, Ayumu Fukazawa, Takesumi Ozawa, and Yasunari Fujinaga. "Ten-Year Experience of Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy at a Single Institution: Impact of Technological Development on the Outcome of Patients With Early Lung Cancer." Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment 19 (January 1, 2020): 153303382097916. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533033820979163.
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Purpose: Advanced radiotherapeutic techniques and apparatus have been developed and widely applied in stereotactic body radiation therapy for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer, but their clinical benefits have not necessarily been confirmed. This study was performed to review our 10-year experience with therapy for the disease and to evaluate whether the advanced radiotherapeutic system implemented in our hospital 5 years after we began the therapy improved the clinical outcomes of patients. Materials and Methods: Patients who underwent the therapy at our hospital between April 2008 and March 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. They were divided into 2 groups treated with the conventional system or the advanced system, and the characteristics and clinical outcomes were compared between the groups. The same analyses were also performed in propensity-matched patients from the 2 groups. Results: Among the 73 patients eligible for this study, 42 were treated with the conventional system and 31 with the advanced system. All were treated as planned, and severe adverse events were rare. The local progression-free survival rate in the advanced system group was significantly higher than in the conventional system group (P = 0.025). In the propensity-matched patients, both the local progression-free survival rate and the overall survival rate were significantly higher compared in the advanced system group than the conventional system group (P = 0.089 and 0.080, respectively). Conclusion: The advanced system improved the outcomes of patients with the disease, suggesting that technological development has had a strong impact on clinical outcomes.
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Lee, J. A., J. Barritt, M. Duke, B. Sandler, T. Mukherjee, and A. B. Copperman. "The progression of PGS: technological advancements and application improves implantation and clinical pregnancy rates by enhancing diagnostic accuracy in identifying the euploid embryo." Fertility and Sterility 98, no. 3 (September 2012): S106—S107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.07.391.
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Sanders, David, and Philip Scott. "Literature review: technological interventions and their impact on quality of life for people living with dementia." BMJ Health & Care Informatics 27, no. 1 (January 2020): e100064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjhci-2019-100064.
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ObjectivesRapid technology-driven innovation in the healthcare sector has led to an increasing ability to effectively respond to health challenges. However, the cognitive challenges faced by a person with dementia exacerbate the difficulty of designing enduring technological dementia care solutions. Despite this, and in the absence of a cure, facilitating well-being and improved quality of life becomes pivotal for those living with dementia and their caregivers. This review aimed to identify and consolidate the provision of technological solutions for dementia care, and how these are perceived to impact the quality of life of a person with dementia.MethodsArticles and journals were identified using keywords including those relating to quality of life, assistive technologies and technology adoption and acceptance. Greater priority was given to resources published after 2010 due to the speed of technological advancement, and peer-reviewed articles were preferred.Results91 resources were identified, with 38 contributing to the final review. In addition to multiple quality of life measurement tools, the literature identified a large variety of solutions that fell into three categories: those used ‘by’, ‘with’ or ‘on’ a person with dementia.ConclusionsThis review concludes that the ‘one size fits all’ approach to many solutions reflects the lack of supporting evidence, negatively impacting trust in their usefulness among caregivers and their subsequent adoption rates. This could be attributed to limited involvement of people with dementia in studies of effectiveness and adoption. Additional research is recommended to further consolidate research on quality of life and to understand the individuality and progression of dementia and its influence on dementia care solutions.
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Fazal, Shahood, Malik Bisserier, and Lahouaria Hadri. "Molecular and Genetic Profiling for Precision Medicines in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension." Cells 10, no. 3 (March 13, 2021): 638. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10030638.
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Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare and chronic lung disease characterized by progressive occlusion of the small pulmonary arteries, which is associated with structural and functional alteration of the smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells within the pulmonary vasculature. Excessive vascular remodeling is, in part, responsible for high pulmonary vascular resistance and the mean pulmonary arterial pressure, increasing the transpulmonary gradient and the right ventricular “pressure overload”, which may result in right ventricular (RV) dysfunction and failure. Current technological advances in multi-omics approaches, high-throughput sequencing, and computational methods have provided valuable tools in molecular profiling and led to the identification of numerous genetic variants in PAH patients. In this review, we summarized the pathogenesis, classification, and current treatments of the PAH disease. Additionally, we outlined the latest next-generation sequencing technologies and the consequences of common genetic variants underlying PAH susceptibility and disease progression. Finally, we discuss the importance of molecular genetic testing for precision medicine in PAH and the future of genomic medicines, including gene-editing technologies and gene therapies, as emerging alternative approaches to overcome genetic disorders in PAH.
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Keresztes, Zoltan, David Pammer, and Peter Janos Szabo. "EBSD Examination of Argon Ion Bombarded Ti-6Al-4V Samples Produced with DMLS Technology." Periodica Polytechnica Mechanical Engineering 63, no. 3 (May 31, 2019): 195–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppme.13821.
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Additive manufacturing (AM) indicated great technological increase in the last years. Primarily development of new methods, new computer softwares and more useable materials are responsible for this progression. AM has numerous advantages that cause the appearance of it in almost every field of industry. However this widely spread technology has many under examined properties, especially those, that uses metal as raw material. One of these less understood properties is the behavior of grains during the melting phase and the microstructure after production. The main aim of this study is to examine the microstructure of ion bombarded – using argon - AM produced Ti-6Al-4V samples applying EBDS investigation, measuring the grain size, and the orientation of the grains.
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Dimitrievski, Ace, Eftim Zdravevski, Petre Lameski, María Vanessa Villasana, Ivan Miguel Pires, Nuno M. Garcia, Francisco Flórez-Revuelta, and Vladimir Trajkovik. "Towards Detecting Pneumonia Progression in COVID-19 Patients by Monitoring Sleep Disturbance Using Data Streams of Non-Invasive Sensor Networks." Sensors 21, no. 9 (April 26, 2021): 3030. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21093030.
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Pneumonia caused by COVID-19 is a severe health risk that sometimes leads to fatal outcomes. Due to constraints in medical care systems, technological solutions should be applied to diagnose, monitor, and alert about the disease’s progress for patients receiving care at home. Some sleep disturbances, such as obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, can increase the risk for COVID-19 patients. This paper proposes an approach to evaluating patients’ sleep quality with the aim of detecting sleep disturbances caused by pneumonia and other COVID-19-related pathologies. We describe a non-invasive sensor network that is used for sleep monitoring and evaluate the feasibility of an approach for training a machine learning model to detect possible COVID-19-related sleep disturbances. We also discuss a cloud-based approach for the implementation of the proposed system for processing the data streams. Based on the preliminary results, we conclude that sleep disturbances are detectable with affordable and non-invasive sensors.
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Bukovszki, Viktor, Ábel Magyari, Marina Kristina Braun, Kitti Párdi, and András Reith. "Energy Modelling as a Trigger for Energy Communities: A Joint Socio-Technical Perspective." Energies 13, no. 9 (May 5, 2020): 2274. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13092274.
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Mainstreaming energy communities has been one of the main challenges in the low-carbon transition of cities. In this sense, urban building energy modelling (UBEM) has an untapped role in enabling energy communities, as simulations on urban models provide evidence-based decision support to reduce risks, engage, motivate and guide actors, assert wider policy goals and regulatory requirements. This accelerating role and the potential of UBEM is not sufficiently understood, as research into energy community focuses on its barriers and impacts, while the research of UBEM is mainly technologically oriented. This review takes a sociotechnical approach to explore whether UBEM is a technological trigger for energy communities, furthering the conceptual framework of transition management. factors influencing energy community progression in different use-cases and stages of their lifecycle are compiled to assess the affordances of distinct capabilities of prevalent UBEM tools. The study provides a guide for energy community planners to UBEM. It matches different tool capabilities to the various stages of the project lifecycle for the different use-cases, equipping them with the means to accelerate the low-carbon transition of cities from the bottom-up. Finally, the study defines a development trajectory oriented towards application in urban sustainability to a rather new UBEM field.
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Wylezinski, Gray, Polk, Harmata, and Spurlock. "Illuminating an Invisible Epidemic: A Systemic Review of the Clinical and Economic Benefits of Early Diagnosis and Treatment in Inflammatory Disease and Related Syndromes." Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 4 (April 11, 2019): 493. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8040493.
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Healthcare expenditures in the United States are growing at an alarming level with the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) projecting that they will reach $5.7 trillion per year by 2026. Inflammatory diseases and related syndromes are growing in prevalence among Western societies. This growing population that affects close to 60 million people in the U.S. places a significant burden on the healthcare system. Characterized by relatively slow development, these diseases and syndromes prove challenging to diagnose, leading to delayed treatment against the backdrop of inevitable disability progression. Patients require healthcare attention but are initially hidden from clinician’s view by the seemingly generalized, non-specific symptoms. It is imperative to identify and manage these underlying conditions to slow disease progression and reduce the likelihood that costly comorbidities will develop. Enhanced diagnostic criteria coupled with additional technological innovation to identify inflammatory conditions earlier is necessary and in the best interest of all healthcare stakeholders. The current total cost to the U.S. healthcare system is at least $90B dollars annually. Through unique analysis of financial cost drivers, this review identifies opportunities to improve clinical outcomes and help control these disease-related costs by 20% or more.
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Begum, Afroza. "Preserving the distinctiveness of corporate marks." Journal of Financial Crime 25, no. 3 (July 2, 2018): 734–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfc-05-2017-0040.
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Purpose This paper aims to investigate the Indian legal and judicial approaches to well-known trademark (WT) by placing special focus on the way the judiciary has striven to foster the regulatory goal of defending the distinctiveness of WT. Design/methodology/approach The research is based on primary and secondary resources; especially, the paper critically examines the central piece of legislation relevant to WT and analyses and compares a number of important judicial decisions of India. Findings Despite some limitations, the judicial initiatives reflect an impressive progression towards WT, and given the contemporary commercial imperatives backed up by technological advances, the interconnectedness of economies and global corporisation, such a progression is indispensable. Research limitations/implications The research involves only the legal aspects of WT; therefore, the social and economic implication is beyond the scope of it. Practical implications Even though the legal and judicial attempts in India have raised an inevitable tension between different competing claims and are in some instances intensely debated, a review of existing resources evidences a series of effective methods and practices where a balance can sensibly be drawn between those claims.
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Konvalinka, Ana, James W. Scholey, and Eleftherios P. Diamandis. "Searching for New Biomarkers of Renal Diseases through Proteomics." Clinical Chemistry 58, no. 2 (February 1, 2012): 353–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2011.165969.
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Abstract BACKGROUND Technological advances have resulted in a renaissance of proteomic studies directed at finding markers of disease progression, diagnosis, or responsiveness to therapy. Renal diseases are ideally suited for such research, given that urine is an easily accessible biofluid and its protein content is derived mainly from the kidney. Current renal prognostic markers have limited value, and renal biopsy remains the sole method for establishing a diagnosis. Mass spectrometry instruments, which can detect thousands of proteins at nanomolar (or even femtomolar) concentrations, may be expected to allow the discovery of improved markers of progression, diagnosis, or treatment responsiveness. CONTENT In this review we describe the strengths and limitations of proteomic methods and the drawbacks of existing biomarkers, and provide an overview of opportunities in the field. We also highlight several proteomic studies of biomarkers of renal diseases selected from the plethora of studies performed. SUMMARY It is clear that the field of proteomics has not yet fulfilled its promise. However, ongoing efforts to standardize sample collection and preparation, improve study designs, perform multicenter validations, and create joint industry–regulatory bodies offer promise for the recognition of novel molecules that could change clinical nephrology forever.