Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Technologie éducative – Industrie et commerce'
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Bal-Newkirk, Alexandra. "Réflexion sur l'adaptation industrielle de la corporation du savoir à l'espace virtuel : le projet UNS/ILC de l'université de l'Ontario." Paris 13, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA131021.
Full textVia an analysis of discourses and institutional strategies of actors involved in the USN/ILC project, a university level learning technologies innovation experiment, this doctoral work studies what is at stakes in these trials and examines the processes by which the building of a local socio-economical system allows to experiment with and define the conditions required for more general e-learning programs. Our hypothesis is that emerging educational technologies are used to legitimize industrial convergence processes and are the alibi actors need to justify the development of new organizational structures. Different scenarios imagined by the actors are incompatible, from an industrial point of view, and imply the use of different economical, affiliations and pedagogical frameworks. Difference tied to the societal finalities desired which bring forth industrialization and reindustrialization processes representing diverse socio-economical logics
Feuillas, Arielle. "Technologie et competitivité internationale des industrie manufacturières japonaises." Paris 9, 1987. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1987PA090041.
Full textQuetel, Eric. "Modélisation et simulation de contacts lubrifiés dans les systèmes multi-corps." Valenciennes, 2011. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/84b3ed80-36b5-429f-a869-0d38f7165d4a.
Full textLifetime predictions and the improvement of the engine effectiveness represent nowadays parts of the most important commercial criteria in the automobile industry in order to response to the new environmental norms and to the constant growth of the market for low-cost components. In the different involved lubricated mecanisms, the ratio of the surface asperity heights to the lubricant film thickness has a decisive influence on the friction forces and thus on the energy dissipation and on the components wear. However, only a few simulation tools are nowadays available for the investigation of such tribological systems constraining the developers to often use their proper know-how or to conduct generally expensive measurements. In order to improve the dimensioning methods, three models are developed for the calculation of non-conforming elastohydrodynamic contacts, particularly for point and line contacts, and are applied to the simulation of cam-roller tappet contacts in high-pressure common-rail pumps and roller-raceway contacts in roller cell pumps. The first model is a one-dimensional representation of the elastohydrodynamic behaviour for heavily loaded contacts. It is based on the assumption that the contact pressure distribution may be approximated from the pressure distribution obtained in dry contacts and evaluate the central lubricant film thickness by means of dimensionless characteristic values. A simplified mixed lubrication model is additionally included. For the second and the third models, a more accurate solution method is adopted in order to consider locally the fluid-structure interaction. A discrete solution of the contact pressure and of the lubricant film thickness is obtained for point and line contacts using the multigrid technique. All three contact models are implemented as general force components or as contact elements in the multi-body system environment ADAMS/View from MSC. Software. Results from the discrete solver conform to those produced with the 1D model, especially for the central lubricant film thickness and confirm the assumption that the contact pressure distribution in heavily loaded elastohydrodynamic contacts approaches that in dry contacts. A robust coupling between the discrete solver for elastohydrodynamic point contacts and the multi-body system environment is achieved. However, instabilities are encountered by applying the solution algorithm to line contact problems due to incompatibilities with the multi-body system environment. Additional investigations are then required before employing the latter to industrial systems and the enhancement capability of the multi-body system environment to such complicated algorithms is questioned. Finally, successful applications of the unidimensional model in a high-pressure pump and in a roller cell pump are presented
Collet, Laurent. "Produits multimédias et formation des opérateurs dans les entreprises : les enjeux de la conception et de la réalisation." Grenoble 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE39034.
Full textThe research focuses on economic, social and symbolic risks in the design process of multimedia products for operators training in enterprise. For the sake, as these products concern several professional fields, the strategies and the practices of their prescriptives and designers have been understood in articulation with logic of power face to face the formatives and operators. The methodology of research is based on a semiotic and linguistic analysis of three products of training. That has allowed the construction of a grille of talking with actors of their design so as to test hypotheses on their strategies, their practices and their systems of values, as well as on social logic. For superintendents of production, pedagogical strategies and multimedia products cover a considerable institutional importance : on the one hand, to reorganize the production by normalising the general purpose and the autonomy of operators, on the other hand, to computerize and decentralisz the training to the maximum on production sites so as to reduce costs of training. It is, especially, in the framework of some internal evaluation process and selection of operators, that elaborate processes of handwriting multimedia based on pedagogical strategies. In the same time, the designers tempt to create conditions in order that exists a market of training products. Therefore, the difficulty of the technical training is that it is generally very specific to be proposed to a large public under an edition form. Nevertheless, within this market, even if modes of production are not the same that modes of cultural industries, real strategies of edition exist in the design of multimedia products for operators training, destined to replace the formatives, or to articulate to their practices
Kabanda, Marcel. "Économie et technologie du sel dans la région des Grands lacs d'Afrique de l'est (1850-1920)." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010625.
Full textIn domaine of salt during the nineteenth century, the region of great lakes offered two great caracteristics. First, ressources were only three mining salt were known and exploited (uvinza, katwe and kibero). Secondly, the first europeans explorators noted the inge niosity and hability with which the valleys and vegetal spices from which salt coulb be produced had been identified and exploited. The first part of our study examines the utilisations and technologies of salt production. It reveales the preponderance of pastoral activity indicates ecological aspects of salt industry. The second part the circulation of salt. It suggests the hypothesis according to which that product could have played a dynamic role in the emergence of trade economy in the region. The last part treates the management of mining salt and the control of salt commercial links. It shows the role of salt in the political organisation of spaces and analyses the colonial transformations, in management as well as in the exploitation than in the redifinition of economic spaces
Le, Gloan-Turgis Sylvie. "Caractérisation physicochimique du lait décationisé et de ses retentats : utilisation des produits décationisés en technologie des fromages frais." Brest, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BRES2037.
Full textChanesaz, Moheb. "Les pressoirs d'huile d'olive au Liban : changements techniques et socio-culturels : recherches de terrain en technologie culturelle." Lyon 2, 2004. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2004/chanesaz_m.
Full textThis dissertation undertakes the study of olive oil extraction from the point of view of cultural processes anthropology. Field work results have allowed the study, the classification and the cartography of more than 340 oil press. On one side the dissertation tries to reconstitute oil press way of functioning and to study the role of these installations in creating social links in the traditional lebanese society. We suggest in particular new data on the genesis of an original hydraulic system, the matruf, which does not crush the stones. On the other side, the dissertation goes back to the main stages of technological changes in Lebanon from the Middle Ages until today. This dissertation represents the first overall study on the olive oil work in Lebanon
Clauzel, Huchard Irène. "Développement régional et haute technologie : l'exemple de la moyenne vallée de l'Hudson." Paris 4, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA040013.
Full textThrough the examples of the mid-hudson valley and the american high technology centers, this work asks the question of the influence of high technology activities in regional development: are they a key, or one of the keys, of the regional development? how are they created and how do high technology centers grow? this analysis shows that these activities expand in preference in an existing industrial area and it reveals the factors that promote creation and development of high technology centers: men, academic and governmental institutions, entrepreneurial fever, business quality and quality of life. The answer to this question about the influence of high technology activities in development is cautious, because some conditions have to be gathered to fight the perverse effects of heterogoneity and the tendanccy to concentrate these activities. The mid-hudson valley, located south of new york state, at about hundred kilometers from the huge newyorker metropolis, is the starting point and the clew of this thought, since it is a high technology center with 40 000 employes in that sector, nevertheless dominated by one company: ibm. The overall study is completed by detailed analysis of the dominating firm and by an analysis of the relations between the region and the near metropolis. Four original surveys, regarding high technology firms, colleges and universities, high technology centers, financial services, complete the information, collected in bibliography, statistics ans interviews
Bellengier, Pascale. "Sélection de souches de Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. Mesenteroides et dextranicum pour leurs aptitudes en technologie fromagère et étude de leur croissance dans le lait." Compiègne, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995COMPD807.
Full textPoncet, Anthony. "Fiabilité expérimentale : dimensionnement optimal d'essais sous contraintes : modélisation des facteurs endommageant le composant et intégration dans le dimensionnement de l'essai. Application à l'automobile." Saint-Etienne, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STET4016.
Full textIn industry and in particular in automotive industry, it is important to contain engineering and manufacturing costs of products. However, it is also prejudicial not to contain reliability. Calculation of reliability and more precisely the link between field reliability and reliability in tests require new methods to take in account environmental factors during reliability test in order to validate a component. The developed method allows to have a representation of the damaging factors influences, with a proportional hazard model, in order to size an optimal validation test. The prior knowledge (expert judgments, passed tests,. . . ) is used to estimate these influences
Lagunes, Galvez Sandra Guadalupe. "Contribution à l'étude de la fermentation de la fève de cacao : impact sur la qualité." Montpellier 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON20195.
Full textHorn, François. "L'économie du logiciel." Lille 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LIL12017.
Full textDelobre, Marie-Hélène. "Jeux de langage dans la maintenance automobile : paroles au travail, paroles et discours sur le travail." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003VERS015S.
Full textThe thesis examines evolving work practices and their future in the car service workshops; it does this by comparing “vernacular” words about work and the “work/procedural based” speech at the work that has come about due to changes in work practice. The detailed appraisal of both workplace-engendered speech and speech about work derived from personal biographic interviews saw the emergence of distinct forms of expression according to technical advances on the one hand and workplace generational differences on the other. These different ways of workplace speech were considered under three recognised themes : technological changes in the workplace, the customer and type of service provided, the training of the mechanics. If the study does not confirm the existence of a new workplace culture that is in sharp contrast to the traditional ways, it nevertheless reveals that the new work paradigms have given rise to numerous divisions within the workshops
Coillard, Véronique. "Capteurs de monoxyde d'azote pour moteurs automobiles à mélange pauvre, réalisés en technologie microélectronique couches épaisses." Bordeaux 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR10570.
Full textBayle, Sylvie. "Etude de suspensions hétérogènes pour le contrôle d'un procédé papetier : dimensions et propriétés optiques de la matière : des paramètres discriminants." Montpellier 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON20220.
Full textFautrero, Valérie. "Stratégies d'expérimentation et dynamique du marché de l'Internet haut débit en France : une perspective néo-institutionnelle." Paris, ENST, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ENST0009.
Full textThis thesis attempts, from a neo-institutionalist conceptual framework, to analyse the sense, issues and roles of the stakeholders in the alternative high-speed Internet access technologies which have been deployed in France. Based on three case studies, the work of this thesis suggests that these experiments can be an important element in market dynamics. The State seems to act as the leader of an experimental business ecosystem combining various elements ; it relies on a political approach “organising” a regulatory system and financial sponsorship for the sector. In this way it boosts the momentum of the deployment of market experimentation, responding to different expectations depending on the stakeholders concerned. Finally the “alternative” character of the technologies used is, in our view, limited to the technical dimension of these systems. The market, as a social conceptualization, seems to grasp these systems as a form of leverage to stimulate momentum temporarily which does not exclude forms of economic protection
Tavernier, Emmanuel. "Opportunités des microsystèmes dans l'exploitation des hydrocarbures : réalisation d'un capteur de CO2 en fond de puits." Université de Marne-la-Vallée, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MARN0376.
Full textMauzac, Christine. "Etude du collage d'un composite BMC." Mulhouse, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MULH0445.
Full textMohammadi, Parastoo. "La croissance du secteur automobile en Iran (1993-2003) : une approche systémique." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010014.
Full textLeneman, Benjamin. "Le protectionnisme technologique : transfert de la technologie mécanique anglaise vers les Etats-unis et la Russie durant le XIXème siècle." Paris 9, 1989. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1989PA090023.
Full textThe impact of a technological protectionist policy on industrial development is illustrated by an historical case: the role of the english embargo on the industrialization, from, 1860 to 1913, of the present "super-powers" the U. S. And russia. The key innovations on mecanization emerged in the Lancashire cotton industry (1760-1840). An embargo on these technologies know-how and machinery - was instituted from 1785 to 1842. This embargo led, in a first stage, to a twenty years growth lag for russia as well as for the U. S. . But after 1860, to a paradox; it stimulated the growth of the U. S. . Country where the controls were the harsher. Therefore. A technological embargo should be assimilated to a rent which could be used by a country to retain its technological advance
Laborbe, Jean-Marie. "Valorisation microbiologique de sous-produits et d'excédents de l'industrie des corps gras : pâtes de neutralisation, huile de palme." Montpellier 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON13512.
Full textKerbal, Ali. "La genèse du mode dégradé en milieu industriel : étude dans l'industrie papetière algérienne : approche anthropothechnologique." Paris 13, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA131009.
Full textAkbari, Ahmad. "Elaboration de fibres creuses de nanofiltration par photogreffage : application au traitement de solutions de colorant." Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30066.
Full textSouyri, Emilie. "L'influence des entreprises sur l'éducation publique avant l'université, aux États-Unis, aujourd'hui." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030121.
Full textThe private sector plays an ever increasing role in the way American public schools are changing today. It is thus crucial to analyze the assumptions on which this relationship is based. The most visible partners are private and corporate foundations which claim to play a very active part in leveraging educational reform. Most of the time, they champion reforms inspired by a neoliberal vision of corporations and their role in society. However those business methods also influence public education reform policies, which is why we need to underline the often « neotaylorist » nature of the management theories that are implemented in public schools while insisting that those theories are not necessarily approved of by all in the business world. Moreover there are forms of an even deeper penetration of a certain corporate doxa at school. Schools may indeed be seen as yet another commercial field in which advertising and profit motives have a legitimate place. Corporations running public schools for-profit and commercialism (marketing, sponsoring. . ) are phenomena that develop without triggering much questioning in the media about the kind of schools Americans really want. Finally, while those trends are indeed criticized by a few, it seems that they have a hard time getting their message across :hence the need to highlight the principles and the pedagogies on which they build their approach
Charlier, Fabrice. "Technologie des tuiliers gallo-romains (Gaules et Germanies) : analyse comparative et régressive des structures de production des matériaux de construction en terre cuite de l'époque contemporaine à l'Antiquité." Thesis, Besançon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BESA1006.
Full textThis research concerns the techniques of tile and brick-making in Roman time in the provinces ofGaul and Germania. We have only access to these techniques through archaeology. First, there arethe movable vestiges: the objects (tiles and bricks), then there are the real estate vestiges: the tilemakingsites which are regularly uncovered. Only the structures of production are examined here,but it is often made reference to materials. The study is led according to two guidelines. One is horizontal: the “chaîne opératoire”, the other is vertical: Time, from present to past. The structures of production are treated according to the orderof the making process: quarrying, preparing clay, shaping, drying, and firing. Inside each of thesefive phases are successively studied structures of contemporary time (craft production), modern,medieval and finally Gallo-Roman. This regressive approach allows us to bring to light thecontinuities and the breaks in the techniques used and thus, to better characterize and understandthe most ancient of them, the Gallo-Roman tile-makers one. The functioning of the most recentstructures of production sheds light on that of the Roman ones. Punctual comparisons are only usedto try and explain some original characteristics of the Gallo-Roman structures. The most innovativeresults were obtained in the study of the structures used in the phases of shaping, drying and firing
Alomar, Jomaa. "Étude de propriétés physiologiques de Lactococcus lactis et de Lactococcus garvieae pour la maîtrise de Staphylococcus aureus en technologie fromagère." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPL051N/document.
Full textThe European legislation imposes the staphylococcal search for enterotoxins in cheeses if the level of S. aureus is higher than 105 ufc/g. Accordingly, the objective of this thesis was to provide scientific data to control S. aureus by biopreservation.In a first, the growth of S. aureus was monitored in farm cheeses AOC Saint-Nectaire. In these cheeses the populations of S. aureus multiplied mainly during the first six hours of manufacture to reach a maximum to 24 h. Their growth and their maximum level would depend on the initial concentration in milk, on the pH (in particular pH at 6 h), on the temperature, but the role of the microbial communities could not be highlighted. In the second step, the inhibiting capacities of strains of Lactococcus lactis and Lactococcus garvieae were evaluated in microfiltrated milk. L. lactis subsp. lactis would inhibit the growth of S. aureus by lowering the pH but also by the production of H2O2 for certain strain. On the other hand, the pH would not be responsible for the inhibition of S. aureus by L. garvieae. The competition for amino acids does not seem to be implied in inhibition by L. lactis since this species synthesis a great amount in milk. Even if threonine, phenylalanine, methionine, isoleucine and valin become limiting in the co-culture of S. aureus with L. garvieae, this would not be responsible for inhibition since their addition in milk does not raise inhibition. In laboratory medium the inhibition of S. aureus by L. garvieae was effective during the first hours of culture and decreases during incubation. It increased with the concentrations of L. garvieae. It was stronger at 24°C than at 30°C. It would be due to hydrogen peroxide (3 mmol/l) produced by L. garvieae in Co-culture in medium BHI. The role of the catalase of S. aureus in the interaction with L. garvieae remains to be specified
Garcia, de Cortazar Maider. "Etude de la faisabilité et du transfert de technologie pour l'alliage Ti-6Al-4V renforcé par du monoborure de titaneDevelopment of a new reinforced titanium alloy : basic research and technological transfer for the Ti-6Al-4V/TiB material." bordeaux 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR13195.
Full textBenbitour, Mohammed Hichame. "Gestion de stocks et d’opérations de logistique interne dans l’industrie automobile : cas d’application chez Faurecia." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLC023.
Full textThis thesis addresses new research questions related to operations management in the automotive industry. More particularly, we aim at improving inventory control and internal logistics operations management in Faurecia, an auto parts maker. First, by using a discrete event simulation model, we calculate the optimal base stocks levels and optimal release lead times of finished goods in long-distance plants. The impact of using advance demand information on inventory holding and backorder penalty costs reduction is evaluated. Then, we propose an approximate analytical model to optimize components safety stock that minimizes inventory holding and rush ordering costs.The proposed model is applied in a short-distance plant and shows interesting cost reductions compared to the currently used calculation model. Before developing this new model, we determine the probability distribution of components demand and propose a general method of components demand analysis in Assemble-to-Order systems. We also study the management of internal (plant) cross-docking operations by comparing different cross-docking policies commonly used in practice. The cost related to each policy is assessed in terms of surface and man-hours. Several extensions and research perspectives are proposed at the end of the manuscript
Corcodel, Laurent. "Influence de l’augmentation du taux de fibre de la canne à sucre sur les performances du complexe sucrerie – centrale thermique." Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AGPT0055.
Full textSugarcane is cultivated to produce sugar en electricity to the grind. Recently, the fibre content of cane delivered to the mill increase. Objective of this works is to determine the influence of cane delivered to the mill with more fibre (due to variety and trash) on cane analysis, sugar mills and energy plant complex performance (sugar, molasses and electricity production).Cane analysis method comparison show that Berding and Pollock method was the most appropriate for sugar, soluble dry matter and fibre in cane measurement.A laboratory cane analysis methodology using a grinder and a press is proposed. Relations are established to calculate according to juice and bagasse analysis, the cane capacity, energy for shredding cane, sugar extraction in juice and bagasse calorific value. Those analysis are used in mass and energy balance through the sugar and cogeneration plant. That balance conduct to crystallisable sugar, molasses and electricity exported.Results shows that compared to R579, the fibre variety R585 produce -8% of sugar and +51% of electricity, the R570 variety produce +3.9% of sugar and +27% of electricity. Compared to clean cane, whole crops harvesting decreased sugar (-16%) and electrical (-21%) production. Cane harvest with leaves conduct to a decrease of sugar (-4%) and increase of electrical (+12%) production
Evon, Philippe. "Nouveau procédé de bioraffinage du tournesol plante entière par fractionnement thermo-mécano-chimique en extrudeur bi-vis : étude de l'extraction aqueuse des lipides et de la mise en forme du raffinat en agromatériaux par thermomoulage." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2008. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7723/1/evon.pdf.
Full textAltundas, Gulsemin. "Assessing industry emergence and structuration : an approach through interorganizational relationship networks around Key Technological Activities." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0002.
Full textThe present doctoral thesis aims to examine industry emergence caused by disruptive innovation. We adopted a dynamic approach to industry emergence to nourish debates around its assessment through a three-level funnel approach adopted: macro, network, and organizational levels. Based on a social network analysis of the Autonomous vehicles industry from 2011 to 2019, our findings allow us to assess the ex-ante emergence of an industry. The present thesis notably suggests an interesting way to measure industry emergence through interorganizational relationship networks building around Key Technological Activities required for the Autonomous vehicles industry to become a reality and to distinguish the emergence from the structuration of an industry
Ai, Chi-Han. "Le développement de clusters arrivés tardivement dans l'industrie des circuits intégrés : une approche fondée sur les interactions des connaissances." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0076.
Full textIn this research, the comparison between the case of Hsinchu and that of Zhangjiang is drawn for two reasons. First, they are regarded as the largest industrial agglomeration in the integrated circuit (IC) industry, an industry that tends to easily develop into a business cluster; second, since Chinese and Taiwanese companies technologically fall behind their counterparts in Western countries, the growth of local companies can promote innovation in the cluster. Most companies in both technology parks are local ones. Their developmental process and catching-up strategies will be observed and analyzed
Alfonso, Medina Hugo Leonardo. "Caractérisation et modélisation des assemblages multi-matériaux sous sollicitations mixtes quasi-statiques pour la conception des structures automobiles." Thesis, Brest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BRES0118/document.
Full textNowadays, the emissions of CO2 due to the use of automobiles have reached critical levels causing global warming and health problems. In order to reduce these emissions, the French automotive industry has decided to reduce the car weight by means of the use of lighter materials such as composite materials. However, the classical joining techniques are not adapted to assembly these new materials to the structure of the car (aluminum and steel alloys). Therefore, the characterization and modeling of new joining techniques of dissimilar materials is a problem that has been treated in the current study.Four different joining techniques of dissimilar materials (metal/composite) have been studied: (i) stud bonding, (ii) laser welding, (iii) self-pierce riveting and (iv) adhesive bonding systems. Traditional lap-shear and cross-tension tests were used to characterize the first two joining techniques. Then, a new characterization test based on a modified Arcan device has been proposed to analyze the behavior of self-piercing rivet and adhesive bonding systems. Among all the four tested techniques, adhesive joints have been selected as the most adapted technique according to the requirements of the industry. Therefore, modified Arcan tests have been performed in order to determine the behavior of the adhesives of the study (Betamate1822 and Sikapower498). These tests were then used to propose and identify a new 3D non-linear viscoelastic spectral model. The identification procedure of the material parameters is only based on three multilevel creep tests, which permits the rapid dimensioning of adhesively bonded structures. Finally, the proposed behavior law was validated by the good concordance between the numerical predictions and the experimental curves of monotonic tests at different loading rates and increasing cyclic tests.The current study was developed in the framework of an automotive project. Nevertheless, the conclusions and prospects of the study can be extrapolated to other interesting fields
Boudella, Mohamed El Amine. "Etude d’un système hybride de kitting semi-automatisé dans le secteur automobile : conception du système et modèle d’optimisation pour l’affectation des pièces aux pickers." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLC057.
Full textIn this thesis, conducted with Renault in the context of a kitting automation project, we are interested in the optimisation of kitting processes in terms of cycle time maximisation. To do so, we study different configurations of hybrid robot-operator kitting systems where robots (two types of robots considered) and operators are connected in series by an intermediate buffer (to decouple their activities). The robotic kitting area starts the preparation of kits then the operators in the manual kitting area retrieve the preparation of robots and complete with the remaining parts.Our objective is to develop a decision-making tool that assesses the hybrid system performance in a given configuration (layout, picking policy, etc.).First, through a modelling of elementary kitting operations performed by robots and operators (pick and place, travel, etc.), we develop a cycle time model to assess the performance of hybrid kitting systems. Then, we develop an assignment model that assigns parts (formulated as a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) problem) either to robotic or manual kitting areas with the objective of minimising cycle times and balancing workload between them. The model is applied to two case studies pertaining to a Renault plant. This analysis identifies the parameters that influence cycle times and the choice between robotic and manual kitting. Finally, we develop a simulation model to find the optimal buffer size between robotic and manual kitting so that throughput is maximised
Gore, Ecaterina. "Réduire le potentiel acidifiant des fromages pour améliorer leurs fonctionnalités nutritionnelles : identification des leviers biochimiques et perspectives technologiques." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF22714.
Full textA disregarded nutritional feature of cheeses is their acid-forming potential when ingested, associated with deleterious effects for consumers’ health. Despite the well-known pathophysiological consequences, very few studies investigated the acidifying/alkalizing potential of foods and especially, none targeted cheeses. The research project aimed on the one hand to evaluate the acid-forming potential of cheeses and identify the main key steps of the manufacture involved in this phenomenon and on the other hand to explore technological optimization strategies to reduce the acid-forming potential of cheeses, without altering their sensory properties. The acid-forming potential was evaluated on the basis of their Potential Renal Acid Load (PRAL) index (considering protein, P, Cl, Na, K, Mg and Ca contents) and organic anions contents (lactate and citrate). Firstly, the study of the acid-forming potential of five commercial cheeses from different cheese-making technologies established a strong link between the type of cheese and their acid-forming potential. PRAL index ranged from - 0.8 mEq/100 g for fresh cheese to 25.3 mEq/100 g for hard cheese (Cantal) and 28.0 mEq/100 g for the blue-veined cheese Fourme d’Ambert. This positioning allowed to select Fourme d'Ambert as model cheese for next steps. Secondly, draining and salting were identified as the main key steps responsible for the generation of the acid-forming potential of the model cheese, by following an industrial cheese-making process. These studies emphasized a great imbalance between acidifying elements of PRAL calculation (Cl, P and proteins elements) and alkalinizing ones (Na and Ca). Particularly, Cl followed by P elements had a strong impact on the PRAL value. Finally, the salt substitution with organic calcium salts (calcium lactate and calcium citrate) was tested under industrial conditions during the dry salting of Fourme d'Ambert cheese. Both salts showed a real nutritional interest to partially replace salt in cheese, without affecting their sensory properties and especially the salty and the bitter flavors. The salt substitution by calcium lactate could reduce the acid-forming potential of cheeses, by decreasing the PRAL and the sodium content and by increasing the lactate content. The calcium citrate substitution would rather be recommended for Ca enrichment of cheeses. As a conclusion, these studies allowed to identify technological solutions to reduce the acid-forming potential of cheeses. The adopted approach proposed the implementation of a concept, known mainly by nutritionists so far, to the biochemistry and the food technology fields. The considered prospects for innovation are relevant with the current public health issues, targeting the reduction of Na in cheeses and participating in the limitation of the Western diets induced metabolic acidosis. Finally, the economic benefits of this research are promising for cheese-making producers
Denami, Maria Antonietta. "Un Serious Game pour le développement des compétences professionnelles des opérateurs en zone aseptique : définition d'un modèle holistique de conception et études d'usage." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAG025/document.
Full textSerious games (SGs) are a very widespread training and evaluation device, employed in different sectors of school and adult education. In this study we aim to design and develop a SG for training and evaluating personals working in aseptic environment. We will present in this research the theoretical basis needed for that design process. We will define a holistic and united model (PEGADE), which describes the collaborative and optimal process to conceive SGs and which is constructed around a new professional figure, the Pedagogical Game Designer (PGD). A study of the effectiveness will be performed in order to understand how competences can be developed through the SG and which are the differences between this device if compared with traditional training used for similar purposes. We will propose as well an evolution of the instrumental conflict theory, which is one of the foundations of this thesis. That one will constitute the basic for a new method of usability test applied to every learning tool using ICTs
Benadid, Farida. "La veille, catalyse de l’innovation : conception d’une méthode appliquée a la filière forêt-bois-papier." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR40043/document.
Full textThe thesis proposes an original methodology allowing the detection of potential themes of innovation and research which can lead to projects. This methodology is based on the strategic scanning and the knowledge management which are two components of competitive intelligence. It is applied to the Forest-Wood-Paper sector in Aquitaine and leans on two key informative supports of this sector: the Technology Plateform Forest-Wood-Paper and the COST « Forest, Products and Services ». Combining the methods of strategic scanning and knowledge management, the analyzed information ends in the construction of two cognitive maps: a mind map and a conceptual map. These last ones highlight potential themes, that is: those being able to be the object of a project of research and innovation. To be successful, these potential themes shall deal with industrial needs deserving a deepening with concerned partners. The method leads to select two themes: the intelligent cover of wooden surfaces and the use of agro-materials in the construction, which end in the execution of three projects: the collaborative project « Smart Wood Coating », a COST project « Smart and innovating technologies for wood » and the collaborative project “Housing Resource Evolution Life” (RHEV). All concern technological innovations, the two first ones are determined by environmental regulations and the last one by societal demand. This thesis brings to light and analyzes the way competitive intelligence and knowledge management can catalyze innovation
Taheri, Ali. "Définition des indicateurs de l'efficience inventive pour caractériser les activités inventives en R&D : application au domaine de l’automobile." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAD025/document.
Full text[...] This thesis was defined in the DEFI project to characterize the notion of efficiency in Inventive Design, and develop the metrics of inventive-design. The objective of this proposal is to define inventive performance indicators to enhance the creative capacity in the automotive industry. The research is focused on the NPD projects of R&D department, which are known as the responsible of technological evolutions. In this respect, the main elements of design performance, and the main criteria of inventiveness are studied and merged together. The inventive performance of a R&D team is concerned with the efficiency of their activities to create inventive designs when they apply existing knowledge, and/or use creative resources. This analyzes the relationship between what is received and what is applied or consumed to achieve higher inventiveness degree. The measures of inventiveness are based on the evaluation of novelty, resourcefulness, and usefulness of what comes out from design activities. All the evaluation methods developed in this work are integrated into a concrete system as IDPMS (Inventive Design Performance Measurement System), and an initial version of the IDPMS application is developed, by which R&D and project managers can observe the inventive performance of their NPD projects. So this work is categorized in Engineering Science for specifying performance indicators of inventive design activities. In recent years, our laboratory (LGeCo) focused on developing theoretical methods, then appropriate tools to accompany the industrial changes from the era of quality to the era of innovation. In this regard, this thesis provides the missing link of this effort by evaluating the main characteristics of inventions in engineering level to help companies enter into a logic performance along their innovation projects