Academic literature on the topic 'Technology - Information services - Developing countries'
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Journal articles on the topic "Technology - Information services - Developing countries"
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Herce, Jose Luis. "WIPO patent information services for developing countries." World Patent Information 23, no. 3 (September 2001): 295–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0172-2190(01)00029-1.
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van Klyton, Aaron, Juan Fernando Tavera-Mesías, and Wilson Castaño-Muñoz. "Digital local information services in developing countries: Evidence from Colombia." Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 52, no. 4 (February 26, 2020): 1197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961000620907970.
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This exploratory research identifies and investigates factors that affect the delivery of local information in a developing country. The service provider and 195 local institutions based in Medellin, Colombia collaborate through an online portal, Infolocal, constituting a local information landscape (LIL). The study implements a conceptual framework for the LIL and highlights deficiencies in traditional local information service models. A Delphi study was conducted with global experts of local information services (LIS) in order to refine the traditional Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model constructs for the Infolocal information service. Second, a survey was developed based on the revised categories (effort expectancy, performance expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, organisational support, and affective commitment) and disseminated to the local institutions to assess their perceptions of the service. This data was then evaluated using exploratory factor analysis. The study found that theories of technology acceptance were insufficient in explaining the disjunctions in the information landscape of this service. This study contributes to closing a gap in understanding the perceptions of LIS practice from the perspective of institutions that engage directly with citizens’ technology acceptance and use behaviour in a multilevel relationship. This article captures, compares, and analyses the disjunctions between the theoretical frameworks as espoused by experts and the practices of LIS.
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Al Hujran, Omar, Anas Aloudat, and Ikhlas Altarawneh. "Factors Influencing Citizen Adoption of E-Government in Developing Countries." International Journal of Technology and Human Interaction 9, no. 2 (April 2013): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jthi.2013040101.
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The main purposes of this study are to investigate citizen adoption of e-government services in Jordan and to explore factors affecting the level of adoption of e-government services. Importantly, this study aims to develop a conceptual framework that is based on previous literature of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) in order to examine the relationships between certain factors (government trustworthiness, service quality and citizen satisfaction) and citizen adoption of e-government services. A self-administered questionnaire was used to capture data from 356 Jordanian citizens across the country randomly. The findings indicate that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, citizen satisfaction and trustworthiness are significant predictors of the Jordanian intention to use an e-government service. The results also showed that the service quality dimensions: responsiveness, reliability, and empathy have significant impacts on the citizen satisfaction. The study has made significant contributions to the body of knowledge at academic and practical levels as an important exploratory study that was conducted in the context of Jordan, a developing country with genuine need for more research works on e-government issues. In addition, this study provides some valuable insights into the performance and adoption of e-government in Jordan that could help government agencies to improve the effectiveness of their services.
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Elgahwash, Fouad Omran, and Mark Bruce Freeman. "Self-Service Technology Banking Preferences." International Journal of Intelligent Information Technologies 9, no. 2 (April 2013): 7–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jiit.2013040102.
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Technology-enabled banking services are currently being implemented in developing countries. This research examines how citizens of developing countries adapt to these changes in their banking services. Technological expansion has been occurring in the Arabic region since the 1980s; however, the focus has been on trade and services offered by industries. The banking sector is an information intensive industry and should be at the forefront of advanced use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). The banking sector has started to utilize technology-enabled services through the Internet and mobile devices, with the goal of improving customer relationships by empowering customers. One common trend is increasing the use of self-service technologies, which are facilitated by ICTs. This study discusses how Libyan banks should focus their technology strategies to relate to customers, reduce costs and improve services, achieved through the use of a survey completed by customers who have become accustomed to technology-enabled banking services in the developed world. The current availability of technology-enabled banking services in Libya is limited. This paper presents a comparative review of the use of technology-enabled banking services by Libyans when they are in Libya and whilst they are in Australia (a foreign developed country where Libyans are furthering their education).
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Mugabi, J., and C. Njiru. "Marketing urban water services: information needs for water utility managers in developing countries." Water Supply 6, no. 5 (October 1, 2006): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2006.715.
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A decade ago the ‘Dublin Principles’ shifted global thinking towards treating water as an economic good. The concern was that overly supply-driven approaches had been financially unsustainable, and therefore failed to reduce the service gap. Accompanying this conceptual shift has been a wider move towards focusing on the customer's needs and preferences and their willingness to pay, and applying marketing techniques to meet those needs in a financially sustainable manner. Although regarded as a positive move, its success is heavily dependent on how well water utilities understand their customers. This paper examines existing literature on the determinants of customer willingness to use and pay for improved water services in developing countries. The contribution of past research to our understanding of the behaviour of customers, with regard to service level choice and payment for services, is critically analysed. Basing on this analysis, we develop and discuss a generic model of a water consumer's decision-making process. The model serves two purposes. First, it consolidates past research into a coherent framework to facilitate implementation of the marketing approach. Secondly, we use the model to identify critical customer information that water utility managers need to know in order to be customer-focused.
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Farhat, Seema. "Globalisation, Information Technology, and Economic Development." Pakistan Development Review 35, no. 4II (December 1, 1996): 1019–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v35i4iipp.1019-1033.
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The decrease in coordination and transaction costs on account of information technology creates more opportunities for firms to make production “footloose”; it allows firms to base different parts of their business in different countries and connect them by real time information networks. The rapid growth in information services is thus facilitating the integrated international production of goods and services. This paper discusses the linkages between information technology and economic globalisation, and examines the reality of developing countries in relation to the perceived benefits of information technology and globalisation to these countries. Moreover the issues involved in furthering the information technology effort in Pakistan are also discussed in the paper. While the usefulness of additional resources to further the establishment of an information technology base in developing countries cannot be denied, the paper argues that substantial headway can also be made with the existing resources given a more considered approach to the problem. Basic to a higher level of information technology involvement and interaction in the economy is that policy-makers at the government and organisational levels develop an understanding of the impact of technology in their objective of improved economic welfare. The paper therefore discusses the set of policies, short-term and long-term, needed to help draw the country into the integrated international production system reflective of the current trends of economic globalisation.
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Yuvaraj, Mayank. "Perception of cloud computing in developing countries." Library Review 65, no. 1/2 (February 1, 2016): 33–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lr-02-2015-0015.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the perceptions of librarians engaged in Indian academic libraries towards cloud computing. Design/methodology/approach – A structured questionnaire was used to collect responses from the library professionals engaged in Indian academic libraries. Overall, 339 respondents participated in the survey. Descriptive survey method was used in the study. Findings – The findings of the study reveal that library professionals are using cloud-computing tools in their daily works. They want to adopt cloud computing in the libraries to improve library services and avoid redundancy of works. Ubiquitous availability, economy and the various service layers are the core drivers of its adoption in the libraries. The respondents showed their concern over security and data privacy in cloud. Practical implications – The study establishes the fact that the benefits of cloud computing are inadequate to convince the libraries to migrate from the traditional computing paradigm to the cloud. Technological advancement may not transform the cloud into a mainstream technology. To motivate the expansion of cloud computing adoption, emphasis has to be laid upon collaboration between the cloud service providers supplemented by solid cloud legislations which need to be worked out. Originality/value – The paper provides the perceptions of library professionals in response to the adoption of cloud computing.
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Taghavi, Mona, Kaveh Bakhtiyari, Hamed Taghavi, Vahhab Olyaee Attar, and Aini Hussain. "Planning for sustainable development in the emerging information societies." Journal of Science & Technology Policy Management 5, no. 3 (September 30, 2014): 178–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jstpm-04-2014-0013.
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Purpose – This research work aims to investigate the recent status of the information and communication technology (ICT) services industry in Iran. It proposes a systemic applicable approach at policymaking level and appropriate strategic planning steps to enlighten developing countries toward achieving their target objectives of an information society. Design/methodology/approach – Largely based on existing literature and usage statistics in ICT services, global technology trends and results from a survey to obtain consistent and up-to-date information about current issues of ICT services in the public and private sectors in Iran. Findings – This study elaborates on all issues, points and best practices relevant to the ICT services industry in Iran which is addressed by recommending some documented policies. Research limitations/implications – Majority of the experts who attended the workshop and responded to the questionnaire were service consumers rather than service providers. Practical implications – This paper discusses some of the implications for the development of this ICT services strategy and provides policy recommendations. Social implications – To enhance the information society with the most advanced ICT services for accelerating human development. Originality/value – This study provides a government refining process policy to address the common gaps in the ICT services industry in these developing countries and emphasizes a formidable policy foundation before implementing and monitoring of the Flagship ICT projects.
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Abdelhakim, Djeddi, and Djilali Idoughi. "Citizen Adoption of Mobile and Customizable E-Government Services." International Journal of Information Systems in the Service Sector 13, no. 1 (January 2021): 31–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijisss.2021010102.
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E-government projects success mainly depends on citizens' acceptance and usage; thus, numerous studies have strived to recognize the various factors that affect the adoption of e-government services in different countries. The study broadly reviews various models presented for assessing citizen adoption of e-government. The article highlights factors that affect e-government adoption in different developed and developing countries then proposes a suitable theoretical model for examining citizen adoption of e-government in developing countries. The developed research model included factors from the technology acceptance model, technology acceptance model 2, theory of reasoned action, unified theory of acceptance, and use of technology and diffusion of innovation as well as trust in the government and technology regarding e-government applications in Algeria a developing country. Data was collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire from 884 Algerian citizens.
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Gatuha, George, and Tao Jiang. "KenVACS: Improving Vaccination of Children through Cellular Network Technology in Developing Countries." Interdisciplinary Journal of Information, Knowledge, and Management 10 (2015): 037–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2208.
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Health Data collection is one of the major components of public health systems. Decision makers, policy makers, and medical service providers need accurate and timely data in order to improve the quality of health services. The rapid growth and use of mobile technologies has exerted pressure on the demand for mobile-based data collection solutions to bridge the information gaps in the health sector. We propose a prototype using open source data collection frameworks to test its feasibility in improving the vaccination data collection in Kenya. KenVACS, the proposed prototype, offers ways of collecting vaccination data through mobile phones and visualizes the collected data in a web application; the system also sends reminder short messages service (SMS) to remind parents on the date of the next vaccination. Early evaluation demonstrates the benefits of such a system in supporting and improving vaccination of children. Finally, we conducted a qualitative study to assess challenges in remote health data collection and evaluated usability and functionality of KenVACS.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Technology - Information services - Developing countries"
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Makitla, Mokone Ishmael. "A conceptual model of an access-technology-agnostic delivery mechanism for ICT4D services." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1019756.
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Information and Communication Technology for Development (ICT4D) is an emerging research area that is concerned with the beneficial applications of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) to achieve developmental goals. ICT4D is thus concerned with designing and developing innovative technologies for resource-constrained environments for applications in key areas of social development such as health, agriculture and education. The ICT4D initiatives, therefore, are driving three main tasks, namely developing the required infrastructure (connectivity, electricity and computing devices) sustainably, building the required ICT human capacity, and providing access to digital content and services. Each of these three main thrusts necessitates innovation. This study addresses the evident lack of delivery mechanisms to facilitate access to digital content and services to end-users through the technologies that these end-users already possess. This lack of innovative delivery mechanisms is both an impediment to achieving equitable access to digital content and service and an opportunity to innovate. Therefore, drawing from the theoretical background of ICT4D, this study develops a set of technical and socio-technical requirements that the missing delivery mechanisms should satisfy. The study also explores the Service Delivery Platform (SDP) concept as a technically viable basis for the required delivery mechanisms. The study then develops a conceptual model of an Access-Technology-Agnostic Delivery Mechanism as a possible delivery mechanism that facilitates equitable access to digital content and services within an ICT4D context. The relevance of the conceptual model is established and, through a prototype implementation, the technical feasibility and utility of the conceptual model is demonstrated. The conceptual model is demonstrated through a proof of concept implementation using standards-based open source technologies. The proof of concept clearly demonstrates that the access-technology-agnostic delivery of digital content and services is achievable, thus making the same service accessible through different access technologies. In developing the Access-Technology-Agnostic Delivery Mechanism, this study contributes through innovation to providing access to digital content and services in an access-technology-agnostic manner.
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Thinyane, Mamello P. "A knowledge-oriented, context-sensitive architectural framework for service deployment in marginalized rural communities." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004843.
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The notion of a global knowledge society is somewhat of a misnomer due to the fact that large portions of the global community are not participants in this global knowledge society which is driven, shaped by and socio-technically biased towards a small fraction of the global population. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is culture-sensitive and this is a dynamic that is largely ignored in the majority of ICT for Development (ICT4D) interventions, leading to the technological determinism flaw and ultimately a failure of the undertaken projects. The deployment of ICT solutions, in particular in the context of ICT4D, must be informed by the cultural and socio-technical profile of the deployment environments and solutions themselves must be developed with a focus towards context-sensitivity and ethnocentricity. In this thesis, we investigate the viability of a software architectural framework for the development of ICT solutions that are context-sensitive and ethnocentric1, and so aligned with the cultural and social dynamics within the environment of deployment. The conceptual framework, named PIASK, defines five tiers (presentation, interaction, access, social networking, and knowledge base) which allow for: behavioural completeness of the layer components; a modular and functionally decoupled architecture; and the flexibility to situate and contextualize the developed applications along the dimensions of the User Interface (UI), interaction modalities, usage metaphors, underlying Indigenous Knowledge (IK), and access protocols. We have developed a proof-of-concept service platform, called KnowNet, based on the PIASK architecture. KnowNet is built around the knowledge base layer, which consists of domain ontologies that encapsulate the knowledge in the platform, with an intrinsic flexibility to access secondary knowledge repositories. The domain ontologies constructed (as examples) are for the provisioning of eServices to support societal activities (e.g. commerce, health, agriculture, medicine) within a rural and marginalized area of Dwesa, in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. The social networking layer allows for situating the platform within the local social systems. Heterogeneity of user profiles and multiplicity of end-user devices are handled through the access and the presentation components, and the service logic is implemented by the interaction components. This services platform validates the PIASK architecture for end-to-end provisioning of multi-modal, heterogeneous, ontology-based services. The development of KnowNet was informed on one hand by the latest trends within service architectures, semantic web technologies and social applications, and on the other hand by the context consideration based on the profile (IK systems dynamics, infrastructure, usability requirements) of the Dwesa community. The realization of the service platform is based on the JADE Multi-Agent System (MAS), and this shows the applicability and adequacy of MAS’s for service deployment in a rural context, at the same time providing key advantages such as platform fault-tolerance, robustness and flexibility. While the context of conceptualization of PIASK and the implementation of KnowNet is that of rurality and of ICT4D, the applicability of the architecture extends to other similarly heterogeneous and context-sensitive domains. KnowNet has been validated for functional and technical adequacy, and we have also undertaken an initial prevalidation for social context sensitivity. We observe that the five tier PIASK architecture provides an adequate framework for developing context-sensitive and ethnocentric software: by functionally separating and making explicit the social networking and access tier components, while still maintaining the traditional separation of presentation, business logic and data components.
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Elsheikh, Yousef M. A. "A model for the Adoption and Implementation of Web-based Government services and applications. A Study Based in Grounded Theory Validated by Structural Equation Modelling Analysis in a Jordanian Context." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5378.
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Among the many promises of the revolution in the information and communication technologies (ICT), particularly the Internet, continues to be its potential to significantly transform governments around the world. This transformation is referred to as e-government or web-based government, often used interchangeably in most of the IS literature. Despite these however, the level of adoption and use of such innovation is still low and does not meet expectations in developing countries in general and Jordan in particular. Yet, existing research on the adoption and implementation of e-government in developing countries is still lacking explanatory power for the following reasons: 1) focusing either on the supply-side, or on the demand-side separately to study the adoption and implementation of e-government, and therefore there is no enough research on the integration between them as a single phenomenon, and 2) focusing on the results of previous research, and therefore not to develop theories fit the new context to be investigated to understand the relationship between the IT implementation and social structures in the same context. This research aims to fill these gaps through the use of a holistic approach to enable in-depth understanding and gain valuable insights on the adoption and implementation of e-government from multiple perspectives, and in the real context of a developing country, namely Jordan. This would reduce the gap between government strategies and policies related to implementation of e-government services and applications on the one hand, and perceptions of citizens on the other hand, allowing a better understanding of the needs of citizens and the priorities that must be taken into account by governments in order to ensure the success of such projects on a large scale. Through two phases, this research proposes and empirically tests an integrated model of the determinants of adoption and implementation of e-government services and applications in Jordan. The first phase employs a grounded theory methodology for the development of the research model, as well as the survey instruments necessary to test the model. The second phase employs a survey questionnaire to test the research model using multivariate and SEM with the results demonstrating support for the proposed model. The empirical results indicate that perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and the security of e-government systems are no longer among the main determinants that affect the decision to adopt and implement e-government services and applications in this particular context. This confirms that the prevailing models and theories on the adoption of IT do not apply equally to the context of developing countries such as Jordan, and thus do not explain and predict behaviour toward the adoption and implementation of e-government services and applications in the same context. There is a direct and positive relationship between citizen involvement in the change process towards e-government and the decision to adopt and implement e-government services and applications. There is also a strong positive relationship between the decision to adopt and implement e-government services and applications and the decision to use such services and applications within the same context. Unexpectedly, the prevailing sociocultural determinants indicate a direct and positive relationship with the decision to adopt and implement e-government services and applications in the same context. Also, the results indicate direct and negative relationships between citizen trust and website design issues with the decision to adopt and implement e-government services and applications. Finally, the research concludes by highlighting the theoretical and practical implications, limitations and future directions.
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Xiao, Wenbin. "Determinants of new technology-based firms performance in catch-up regions evidence from the u.s. biopharmaceutical and it service industries 1996-2005 /." Diss., unrestricted, 2008. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07092008-164934/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia Institute of Technology and Georgia State University, 2008.Title from file title page. Philip P. Shapira (Georgia Tech), committee chair; Marco Ceccagnoli, Mary Frank Fox (Georgia Tech); Gregory B. Lewis, John P. Walsh (Georgia State), committee members. Electronic text (146 p. : col. ill., col maps) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Sept. 17, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 143-146).
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Kwabiah, William Archibold. "Small Business Strategies for Information Technology Implementation in Developing Countries." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7309.
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Leaders of small businesses need dynamic capabilities created through careful implementation of information technologies (ITs) to enhance efficiency, performance, and output. The purpose of this multicase study was to explore strategies leaders of small businesses used in developing countries to implement ITs for improved business performance. The framework for this study was the technology, organization, and environment model. The sample population consisted of 10 leaders of small businesses located in the Accra region of Ghana. The study participants had at least 5 years of experience working with small businesses that implemented IT. Data were collected from semistructured interviews and review of companies' strategic and project plans. The data analysis process included methodological triangulation, coding, the identification and congregation of themes, and the interpretation of inferences. Five themes emerged: top management support for IT implementation, investment in appropriate IT infrastructures, engaging in appropriate IT knowledge and skills training, creating an organizational culture of IT acceptance, and embracing legal and regulatory frameworks for IT. Findings from this study might assist leaders of small businesses in gaining insights into key IT strategies required for improving small business survivability. The implications of this study for positive social change include the potential to facilitate employment generation and reduce poverty in developing countries by improving small business performance.
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Wong, Hon-ho, and 黃漢浩. "Analytical models for the assessment of information technology on sustainable electrification." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3122362X.
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Hanks, James David. "The development of cattle information systems for livestock services in developing countries." Thesis, University of Reading, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317961.
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Andemariam, Kifleyesus. "Information technology policy & management in developing countries : the case of Eritrea /." [S.l. : s.n.], 1999. http://www.gbv.de/dms/sub-hamburg/303971908.pdf.
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Osman, Mohd Nizam. "Information and communication technology policies in developing countries : the case of Malaysia." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.418451.
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Loubier, Christine. "Les technologies de l'information dans les pays en voie de développement : regard particulier sur l'électronique et le commerce." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33362.
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Knowledge is the key to growth and development. Unfortunately, the knowledge gap which exists between industrialized countries and developing ones is large. As information technologies play an essential role in the movement of knowledge and information, they hold promise for the reduction of this gap. Information technologies are being introduced progressively in all activities of both the public and private sectors. Business organizations and commercial activities are thus being profoundly transformed, at varying levels and by different instruments. Developing countries cannot afford to be left behind in this information revolution. The international community recognizes this, and has instituted a range of programmes promoting electronic commerce in developing countries. However, to maximize the benefits, developing countries must put in place an environment that favours and promotes the acquisition, absorption and communication of knowledge by their citizens and business enterprises.
Books on the topic "Technology - Information services - Developing countries"
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Lindsay, John. Information traffic in developing countries: Consultancy, marketing and training related activities. [London: British Library], 1990.
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Lindsay, John. Information traffic in developing countries: Consultancy, marketing and training related activities. [U.K.]: [s.n.], 1987.
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Wells, Jeremy. Information technology services: A handbook for exporters from developing countries. Geneva: ITC, 1998.
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International Federation for Information and Documentation. Commission for Asia and Oceania. General Assembly and Congress. The use of new information technologies in developing countries: International Federation for Information and Documentation, Commission for Asia and Oceania, 10th Congress and General Assembly, Beijing, China, 24-26 October 1988. Hong Kong: International Federation for Information and Documentation, Commission for Asia and Oceania, 1988.
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Guha, B. Study of the language barrier in the production, dissemination, and use of scientific and technical information with special reference to the problems of the developing countries. Paris: General Information Programme and UNISIST, United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, 1985.
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Adolfo, Villafiorita, Saint-Paul Regis, and Zorer Alessandro, eds. E-infrastructures and e-services on developing countries: First International ICST Conference, AFRICOMM 2009, Maputo, Mozambique, December 3-4, 2009 : proceedings. Berlin: Springer, 2010.
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International, Conference on Computing in Southern Africa (4th 1993 Gaborone Botswana). Information technology utilisation in developing countries. Gaborone, Botswana: CISNA 93 Conference Organising Committee, 1993.
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North South Roundtable (Consultative Meeting) (1985 Scheveningen). The informatics revolution and the developing countries. Islamabad: North South Roundtable, 1986.
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Brenner, Carliene. Mastering technology: Engineering services firms in developing countries. Paris: Development Centre of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 1988.
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Odedra, Mayuri. Information technology in developing countries: An annotated bibliography. [London]: Management Development Programme, Commonwealth Secretariat, 1990.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Technology - Information services - Developing countries"
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Bala, Hillol, Akshay Bhagwatwar, and Moshtaq Ahmed. "Impacts of Information and Communication Technology Implementation on Regulated Financial Services: The Case of Swaziland." In ICTs in Developing Countries, 41–58. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137469502_3.
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Shepherdson, Cuthbert, Albert Wee Kwan Tan, and Van Nam Tran. "Developing an E-Government Roadmap for Developing Countries." In Strategic Information Technology and Portfolio Management, 170–86. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-687-7.ch009.
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Developing countries, opting to pursue services-oriented economies, have invested in information and communication technologies (ICT) to enhance their competitiveness in the global environment. This has called for improved management in both public and private sectors and as a consequence governments, some of which have undertaken public sector reform, now seem ready to embrace e-Government. However, experience even in developed countries has shown that incorporating e-Government practices is not a sure means of attaining desired goals. This paper examines the position of Vietnam, as it becomes a member of WTO in implementing E-Government. Some E-Government initiatives taken are identified and an IT roadmap is recommended as a means of achieving a successful transformation. This roadmap emphasizes a holistic approach to analyze existing performance gaps and identify E-Government opportunities for Vietnam.
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Samaratunge, Ramanie, and Dianne Waddell. "E-Government in Developing Countries." In Global Information Technologies, 1550–59. IGI Global, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-939-7.ch112.
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Even though there is an emerging literature on information age reform of the public sector, research focused on potential and problems related to introduction of information-based reforms in developing countries is still limited. Thus in this chapter, experience in one developing country, Sri Lanka, is examined. Problems related to information-based technology is analysed and the lacuna in the literature is narrowed. It is argued that despite the great potential for IT in enhancing effective and efficient public sector in Sri Lanka, there are a number of difficulties hindering the development of computerised information systems. The upgrading of infrastructure facilities in Sri Lanka is long overdue. A lack of competent and committed individuals who could provide effective guidance in developing IT services in the public sector is another concern. The issues such as appropriate training, attractive promotion systems and remunerations for public officials need to be addressed urgently. Reforming existing organizational structures and changing officials’ attitudes towards change are essential. The increasing public awareness of the potential of IT services enhancing the quality and timeliness of the public service is essential.
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Bishop, Stewart. "Software Outsourcing Prospects for Small Developing Countries." In Managing Globally with Information Technology, 149–63. IGI Global, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-93177-742-1.ch012.
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Developing countries have been utilizing information and communication technologies in the management of their business and administrative affairs to improve efficiency and effectiveness; at the national level also, they have been innovative with the establishment of information services sectors. From the initial provision of data entry services some developing countries, as participants in the global software outsourcing movement, have embarked on the development of software for export. Many challenges ranging from insufficient skilled personnel to becoming competitive in a fierce marketplace will be faced. This chapter examines the participation of two small Caribbean countries and describes education and training initiatives and other policy approaches taken by them. The consensus is that, while they will hardly ever make a significant impact on global outsourcing, such small developing countries can achieve substantial economic benefits, stimulate their domestic Information Technology environment and attain an enhanced technological capability.
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Joia, Luiz Antonio. "Information Technology for Relational Business Ecosystems." In Information Technology Management in Developing Countries, 52–69. IGI Global, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-931777-03-2.ch003.
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This article presents a framework to integrate effectively different information technologies in order to coordinate a relational business ecosystem, an innovative business model. The information technologies needed to create this new business environment are presented, as well as an integrated model based on a technology-service-process-production taxonomy. A case study addressing a major engineering company in Brazil, now playing the role of an integrator within a relational business ecosystem is presented in order to validate the proposed model. Some conclusions in this realm are presented addressing the main obstacles and hurdles to accomplish a relational business ecosystem as well as the solutions to overcome them, so as to make the findings and concerns applicable to other countries.
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Petter, Stacie, Galen Sevcik, and Detmar Straub. "Transferring Technology to the Developing World." In Global Information Technologies, 489–95. IGI Global, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-939-7.ch039.
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The potential for technology growth in lesser developed countries (LDCs), particularly within the Arab World, is enormous (Loch, Straub, & Kamel, 2003). Within the Middle East, the projected demand for information technology hardware and services will be $8.9 billion by 2005 (Pyramid Research, 2001). Yet, in spite of this significant promise, information technology transfer (ITT) has been slow in this region. Clearly, there is more than money at issue in diffusing computing and the Internet throughout the Arab world, and the less developed world in general.
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Vachhrajani, Twiesha, Lavanya Rao, and H. R. Rao. "Using Information Technology to Spread Awareness about Communicable Diseases." In Advances in Human Services and Public Health, 216–32. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-6260-5.ch013.
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Over time, changes in lifestyles, surroundings, and presence of parasites in the developed and developing world has resulted in new strains of various communicable diseases such as AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, etc. Even though the global average of diseases may be quite low, the concentration in certain countries is much higher. In developed countries, information technology has proved to be an indispensable tool to spread awareness regarding these communicable diseases; however, most developing countries lack the infrastructure needed to use these same resources to educate people about the prevention, symptoms, and treatment available. This chapter makes the following contributions: first, it outlines some of the critical challenges regarding the spread of communicable diseases. It then identifies and summarizes the various information systems strategies used in developed and developing countries. The conclusion ties these together and offers suggestions to further curb the spread of communicable diseases in developing countries.
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Olasina, Gbola. "A Review of eGovernment Services in Nigeria." In Library and Information Science in Developing Countries, 205–21. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61350-335-5.ch015.
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Government managers worldwide have, within the last decade, come to the realization that Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is a viable tool that can help them achieve their aims: to deliver efficient and cost effective services to its citizenry, et cetera. To this end governments in most developed and developing countries of the world are at different stages of adoption and implementation of their chosen eGovernment policies and initiatives as is the case with Nigeria. The chapter examines a national discussion by reviewing literature on eGovernment services and applications available to the public in Nigeria. Adoption of eGovernment applications and services has transformed traditional government services’ delivery in many countries with attendant implications for governments and citizens. The methodology will be a review of related literature and will draw up conclusions from the literature to propose a plan for eGovernment services in Nigeria.
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Bwemelo, Gordian Stanslaus. "Mobile Financial Services in Developing Countries." In Mobile Technologies and Socio-Economic Development in Emerging Nations, 47–63. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-4029-8.ch003.
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This chapter describes how mobile technologies have recently emerged as the new wave in Information Technology revolution and are constantly gaining importance and popularity in nearly every avenue of our working and social lives. One area of mobile technology that has become a focus in recent times is the use of mobile devices particularly the mobile phones for an array of financial services. Mobile financial services and their massive adoption and rapid spread in the developing world, has deepened investments in mobile infrastructure and has further contributed to financial inclusion and economic development. Their adoption, in particular, has had a significant impact on consumer financial behaviour. This chapter builds on a rich body of literature available to highlight the impact of mobile financial services on consumer financial behaviour and the implications for financial institutions.
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Bwemelo, Gordian Stanslaus. "Mobile Financial Services in Developing Countries." In Research Anthology on Concepts, Applications, and Challenges of FinTech, 521–34. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8546-7.ch028.
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This chapter describes how mobile technologies have recently emerged as the new wave in Information Technology revolution and are constantly gaining importance and popularity in nearly every avenue of our working and social lives. One area of mobile technology that has become a focus in recent times is the use of mobile devices particularly the mobile phones for an array of financial services. Mobile financial services and their massive adoption and rapid spread in the developing world, has deepened investments in mobile infrastructure and has further contributed to financial inclusion and economic development. Their adoption, in particular, has had a significant impact on consumer financial behaviour. This chapter builds on a rich body of literature available to highlight the impact of mobile financial services on consumer financial behaviour and the implications for financial institutions.
Conference papers on the topic "Technology - Information services - Developing countries"
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Alkhilani, Wissam H. S., and Hidayah Sulaiman. "Identification of factors influencing G2C services acceptance in developing countries." In 2014 International Conference on Information Technology and Multimedia (ICIMU). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icimu.2014.7066619.
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Aftab, Muhammad, and Seounghwan Myeong. "Challenges for Developing Countries to Adopt ICT in Government Services." In 2018 IEEE 9th Annual Information Technology, Electronics and Mobile Communication Conference (IEMCON). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iemcon.2018.8614765.
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Mengistu, Desta, Hangjung Zo, and Jae Jeung Rho. "M-government: Opportunities and Challenges to Deliver Mobile Government Services in Developing Countries." In 2009 Fourth International Conference on Computer Sciences and Convergence Information Technology. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccit.2009.171.
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Islam, Mazharul, M. Ruhul Amin, and A. K. M. Sadrul Islam. "Renewable Energy Powered Rural Community Development Centres in the Developing Countries." In ASME 2006 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2006-88085.
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People in the developing countries who lack basic services and economic opportunities are primarily concerned with improving their living conditions. At present, unemployment problem in the rural areas of the developing countries are diversifying the moral values and social responsibilities of unemployed youth. To solve the problem, rural development centres (involving vocational training, IT services and other productive activities) can contribute significantly for the upliftment of these rural youths and can transform them into grass-root entrepreneurs. One critical factor hindering the establishment of such rural development centers is access to affordable and reliable energy services. Under this backdrop, environmentally benign renewable energy systems can contribute significantly in providing much needed energy in the unserved or underserved rural development centers in the developing countries to achieve both local and global environmental benefits. The paper demonstrates that energy deficient, economically backward communities in the off-grid areas of the developing countries, can be given an array of opportunities for income generation and social progress through rural development centers with the aid of renewable energy sources (such as wind, solar photovoltaics, solar thermal, biomass and micro-hydro), thereby improving their standard of living. Poverty alleviation in rural areas can be accomplished and the critical role of access to adequate level of energy services, Information Technology (IT) and modern communication facilities in it demonstrated. Furthermore, the production, implementation, operation and maintenance of renewable energy applications being labor-intensive, will also result in job growth in the village context, preventing migration of labor force, especially of young men, from rural areas to overcrowded industrial areas. An appropriately designed renewable energy systems can also have a significant role in reducing the impact of climate change through non production of green house gases.
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Oseni, Kazeem Oluwakemi, Kate Dingley, and Penny Hart. "Barriers facing e-Service Technology in developing countries: A structured literature review with Nigeria as a case study." In 2015 International Conference on Information Society (i-Society). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/i-society.2015.7366867.
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Islam, Mazharul, A. K. M. Sadrul Islam, and M. Ruhul Amin. "Small-Scale Decentralized Renewable Energy Systems for the Remote Communities of the Developing Countries." In ASME 2005 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pwr2005-50068.
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About 2 billion people of the world, mostly in rural areas of the developing countries, do not have access to grid-based electricity. The most critical factor affecting their livelihoods is access to clean, affordable and reliable energy services for household and productive uses. Under this backdrop, renewable and readily available energy from the nature can be incorporated in several proven renewable energy technology (RET) systems and can play a significant role in meeting crucial energy needs in these remote far flung areas. RETs are ideal as distributed energy source and they can be incorporated in packages of energy services and thus offer unique opportunities to provide improved lighting, health care, drinking water, education, communication, and irrigation. Energy is also vital for most of the income-generating activities, both at the household or commercial levels. Access to energy is strongly connected to the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which set targets for poverty reduction, improved health, and gender equality as well as environmental sustainability. Environmentally benign renewable energy systems can contribute significantly in the above-mentioned unserved or underserved areas in the developing countries to achieve both local and global environmental benefits. This is important in the context of sustainable development in: (i) poverty alleviation, (ii) education, (iii) gender equity and empowerment, (iv) health including other benefits like improved information access through Information and Communication Technology (ICT) centers, (v) better security, and (vi) increase in social or recreational opportunities. It is evident that proliferation of renewable energy resources through implementing their applications for meeting energy demand will promote all the three dimensions namely, social, economic and environmental of sustainable development in the developing countries. Several small scale enabling RET systems have been suggested in this paper in the light of above-mentioned issues of energy sustainability and they can significantly contribute to the improvement of the livelihood of the remote impoverished rural communities of the developing countries. With the current state of technology development, several RET systems (such as wind, solar photovoltaics, solar thermal, biomass and microhydro) have become successful in different parts of the world. In this paper, an exhaustive literature survey has been conducted and several successful and financially viable small-scale RET systems were analyzed. These systems have relevance to the economies of the developing countries that can be utilized for electrification of domestic houses, micro enterprises, health clinics, educational establishments and rural development centers.
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İncekara, Ahmet, and Elif Haykır Hobikoğlu. "Reverse Innovation Strategy: Local Technology Production Management Performance Booster Demand Trend Analysis." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01381.
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It was the most important condition of the competition in the information society to create high added value products. Additionally, the products with high added value are composed of the differentiated products that find the living area through the innovation leaded by the creativity. The innovation concept has been mostly perceived as developed country qualification. On the other hand, the reverse innovation provides opportunity for marketing the innovations belonged to the developing markets to entire world. The reverse innovation provides the extension of the market by reaching to the large population composed of people who cannot benefit from high developing countries. While the reverse innovation has been conveying the less qualified product and services that accomplish the same activity and provide cost advantage to the markets that have been developing but could not reach the product and services, it does not decrease the high quality product sales. It has reviewed the trend factors that define the telephone preferences providing local price advantage towards establishing the reverse innovation strategy by reviewing the demand structure of the mobile phone in the working telecommunication market.
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Naqvi, Syed, and Hafedh Al-Shihi. "M-Government Services Initiatives in Oman." In InSITE 2009: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3389.
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Information technology and communications have now become the main elements that move forward and help Oman in its national development process. Internet penetration in most developing countries like Oman is still low as oppose to mobiles dissemination, despite the government plans and strategies to enhance internet diffusion. Internet subscribers comprised about 2.5% of the general population of Oman. In contrast, the number of mobile holders increased substantially since the launch of these services in 1996. Prepaid mobile services and SMS were introduced in 2001 and both are currently popular with subscribers. Such fine appeal influenced many government organizations to go mobile with their services. This paper reviewed the ICT sector and the current m-government initiatives in Oman setting up the mobile services and aimed to understand the key factors to adoption and diffusion of these services.
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Gopalakrishnan, Praveen Kumare, John Hall, and Sara Behdad. "A Blockchain-Based Traceability System for Waste Management in Smart Cities." In ASME 2020 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2020-22553.
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Abstract Waste tracking is becoming an important concern for developed countries as well as developing regions, where municipalities aim to assure proper waste management considering environmental and economic objectives. Waste tracking is important not only for a transparent reporting system compatible with environmental regulations but also for economically viable waste collection and recovery solutions. In this paper, a waste tracking system based on the blockchain technology is introduced where different entities involved in the system will be able to retrieve required data from the platform and decide on their level of contributions. The conventional technologies do not provide a sufficient level of transparency and coordination among different entities. With the introduction of blockchain as a tamper-proof technology, municipalities can enhance the efficiency of their waste management efforts. The proposed blockchain technology can connect proper stakeholders towards collaboration and sharing information. The concept of a smart contract for waste management is discussed and further, a decision-making framework is developed to guide users of the system select proper services available to them, depending on the level of data sharing, cost, reliability, and the security level that they expect from the system.
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Raikov, Alexander, and Viktor Medennikov. "Creating the requirements to the national platform "Digital Agriculture"." In International Conference "Computing for Physics and Technology - CPT2020". Bryansk State Technical University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/conferencearticle_5fce27715a3742.47428784.
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The paper addresses the issue of creating the requirements for the development of the Russian national platform "Digital Agriculture" on the bases of collecting, formalizing and analyzing data on the current and forecasting states of the processes of using digital technologies in the agricultural economy sector at the federal and regional levels, as well as the world experience of digitalization. The national strategy agriculture goals were used as the criteria for analyzing the situation connected with the issue of creating the national platform. Currently, the agricultural sector of the country's economy has more than ten large information systems that require to be integrated to achieve the goals of the country's agricultural development. The list of problems of developing the processes of agriculture digitalization was made. The special author’s convergent strategic methodology was used for formulating the requirements that ensure the conditions for the purposefulness and sustainable convergence of the process of creating the national platform. About fifty requirements were formulated for creating sub-platforms and digital services of the national platform "Digital Agriculture". It was also used the methods of cognitive modelling and the inverse problem solving for taking into account changes in the importance of roadmap’s events of making the sub-platforms and digital service over time.
Reports on the topic "Technology - Information services - Developing countries"
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African Open Science Platform Part 1: Landscape Study. Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/assaf.2019/0047.
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This report maps the African landscape of Open Science – with a focus on Open Data as a sub-set of Open Science. Data to inform the landscape study were collected through a variety of methods, including surveys, desk research, engagement with a community of practice, networking with stakeholders, participation in conferences, case study presentations, and workshops hosted. Although the majority of African countries (35 of 54) demonstrates commitment to science through its investment in research and development (R&D), academies of science, ministries of science and technology, policies, recognition of research, and participation in the Science Granting Councils Initiative (SGCI), the following countries demonstrate the highest commitment and political willingness to invest in science: Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Senegal, South Africa, Tanzania, and Uganda. In addition to existing policies in Science, Technology and Innovation (STI), the following countries have made progress towards Open Data policies: Botswana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, South Africa and Uganda. Only two African countries (Kenya and South Africa) at this stage contribute 0.8% of its GDP (Gross Domestic Product) to R&D (Research and Development), which is the closest to the AU’s (African Union’s) suggested 1%. Countries such as Lesotho and Madagascar ranked as 0%, while the R&D expenditure for 24 African countries is unknown. In addition to this, science globally has become fully dependent on stable ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) infrastructure, which includes connectivity/bandwidth, high performance computing facilities and data services. This is especially applicable since countries globally are finding themselves in the midst of the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR), which is not only “about” data, but which “is” data. According to an article1 by Alan Marcus (2015) (Senior Director, Head of Information Technology and Telecommunications Industries, World Economic Forum), “At its core, data represents a post-industrial opportunity. Its uses have unprecedented complexity, velocity and global reach. As digital communications become ubiquitous, data will rule in a world where nearly everyone and everything is connected in real time. That will require a highly reliable, secure and available infrastructure at its core, and innovation at the edge.” Every industry is affected as part of this revolution – also science. An important component of the digital transformation is “trust” – people must be able to trust that governments and all other industries (including the science sector), adequately handle and protect their data. This requires accountability on a global level, and digital industries must embrace the change and go for a higher standard of protection. “This will reassure consumers and citizens, benefitting the whole digital economy”, says Marcus. A stable and secure information and communication technologies (ICT) infrastructure – currently provided by the National Research and Education Networks (NRENs) – is key to advance collaboration in science. The AfricaConnect2 project (AfricaConnect (2012–2014) and AfricaConnect2 (2016–2018)) through establishing connectivity between National Research and Education Networks (NRENs), is planning to roll out AfricaConnect3 by the end of 2019. The concern however is that selected African governments (with the exception of a few countries such as South Africa, Mozambique, Ethiopia and others) have low awareness of the impact the Internet has today on all societal levels, how much ICT (and the 4th Industrial Revolution) have affected research, and the added value an NREN can bring to higher education and research in addressing the respective needs, which is far more complex than simply providing connectivity. Apart from more commitment and investment in R&D, African governments – to become and remain part of the 4th Industrial Revolution – have no option other than to acknowledge and commit to the role NRENs play in advancing science towards addressing the SDG (Sustainable Development Goals). For successful collaboration and direction, it is fundamental that policies within one country are aligned with one another. Alignment on continental level is crucial for the future Pan-African African Open Science Platform to be successful. Both the HIPSSA ((Harmonization of ICT Policies in Sub-Saharan Africa)3 project and WATRA (the West Africa Telecommunications Regulators Assembly)4, have made progress towards the regulation of the telecom sector, and in particular of bottlenecks which curb the development of competition among ISPs. A study under HIPSSA identified potential bottlenecks in access at an affordable price to the international capacity of submarine cables and suggested means and tools used by regulators to remedy them. Work on the recommended measures and making them operational continues in collaboration with WATRA. In addition to sufficient bandwidth and connectivity, high-performance computing facilities and services in support of data sharing are also required. The South African National Integrated Cyberinfrastructure System5 (NICIS) has made great progress in planning and setting up a cyberinfrastructure ecosystem in support of collaborative science and data sharing. The regional Southern African Development Community6 (SADC) Cyber-infrastructure Framework provides a valuable roadmap towards high-speed Internet, developing human capacity and skills in ICT technologies, high- performance computing and more. The following countries have been identified as having high-performance computing facilities, some as a result of the Square Kilometre Array7 (SKA) partnership: Botswana, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Namibia, South Africa, Tunisia, and Zambia. More and more NRENs – especially the Level 6 NRENs 8 (Algeria, Egypt, Kenya, South Africa, and recently Zambia) – are exploring offering additional services; also in support of data sharing and transfer. The following NRENs already allow for running data-intensive applications and sharing of high-end computing assets, bio-modelling and computation on high-performance/ supercomputers: KENET (Kenya), TENET (South Africa), RENU (Uganda), ZAMREN (Zambia), EUN (Egypt) and ARN (Algeria). Fifteen higher education training institutions from eight African countries (Botswana, Benin, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, and Tanzania) have been identified as offering formal courses on data science. In addition to formal degrees, a number of international short courses have been developed and free international online courses are also available as an option to build capacity and integrate as part of curricula. The small number of higher education or research intensive institutions offering data science is however insufficient, and there is a desperate need for more training in data science. The CODATA-RDA Schools of Research Data Science aim at addressing the continental need for foundational data skills across all disciplines, along with training conducted by The Carpentries 9 programme (specifically Data Carpentry 10 ). Thus far, CODATA-RDA schools in collaboration with AOSP, integrating content from Data Carpentry, were presented in Rwanda (in 2018), and during17-29 June 2019, in Ethiopia. Awareness regarding Open Science (including Open Data) is evident through the 12 Open Science-related Open Access/Open Data/Open Science declarations and agreements endorsed or signed by African governments; 200 Open Access journals from Africa registered on the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ); 174 Open Access institutional research repositories registered on openDOAR (Directory of Open Access Repositories); 33 Open Access/Open Science policies registered on ROARMAP (Registry of Open Access Repository Mandates and Policies); 24 data repositories registered with the Registry of Data Repositories (re3data.org) (although the pilot project identified 66 research data repositories); and one data repository assigned the CoreTrustSeal. Although this is a start, far more needs to be done to align African data curation and research practices with global standards. Funding to conduct research remains a challenge. African researchers mostly fund their own research, and there are little incentives for them to make their research and accompanying data sets openly accessible. Funding and peer recognition, along with an enabling research environment conducive for research, are regarded as major incentives. The landscape report concludes with a number of concerns towards sharing research data openly, as well as challenges in terms of Open Data policy, ICT infrastructure supportive of data sharing, capacity building, lack of skills, and the need for incentives. Although great progress has been made in terms of Open Science and Open Data practices, more awareness needs to be created and further advocacy efforts are required for buy-in from African governments. A federated African Open Science Platform (AOSP) will not only encourage more collaboration among researchers in addressing the SDGs, but it will also benefit the many stakeholders identified as part of the pilot phase. The time is now, for governments in Africa, to acknowledge the important role of science in general, but specifically Open Science and Open Data, through developing and aligning the relevant policies, investing in an ICT infrastructure conducive for data sharing through committing funding to making NRENs financially sustainable, incentivising open research practices by scientists, and creating opportunities for more scientists and stakeholders across all disciplines to be trained in data management.
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Center for Plant Health Science and Technology Accomplishments, 2007. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, December 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7296841.aphis.
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This past year’s hard work and significant changes have enabled CPHST—a division of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), APHIS Plant Protection and Quarantine (PPQ) program—to be an organization more capable and better aligned to support and focus on PPQ’s scientific needs. In 2007, CPHST developed the first PPQ strategic plan for CPHST. The plan shows where CPHST is going over the next 5 years, how it is going to get there, and how it will know if it got there or not. Moreover, CPHST plan identifies critical elements of PPQ’s overall strategic plan that must be supported by the science and technology services CPHST provides. The strategic plan was followed by an operational plan, which guarantees that the strategic plan is a living and breathing document. The operational plan identifies the responsibilities and resources needed to accomplish priorities in this fiscal year and measures our progress. CPHST identifies the pathways by which invasive plant pests and weeds can be introduced into the United States. CPHST develops, adapts, and supports technology to detect, identify, and mitigate the impact of invasive organisms. CPHST helps to ensure that the methods, protocols, and equipment used by PPQ field personnel are effective and efficient. All the work of CPHST is identified under one of the five program areas: Agricultural Quarantine Inspection and Port Technology, Molecular Diagnostics and Biotechnology, Response and Recovery Systems Technology, Risk and Pathway Analysis, and Survey Detection and Identification. CPHST scientists are leaders in various fields, including risk assessment, survey and detection, geographic information systems (GIS), molecular diagnostics, biocontrol techniques, methods and treatment, and mass rearing of insects. The following list outlines some of CPHST’s efforts in 2007: Responding to Emergencies, Developing and Supporting Technology for Treatments, Increasing Diagnostic Capacity, and Supporting Trade.
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Voices of vulnerable and underserved adolescents in Guatemala: A summary of the qualitative study 'Understanding the lives of indigenous young people in Guatemala'. Population Council, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy19.1011.
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Governments in developing countries recognize the need for appropriate technology for the treatment of emergencies from incomplete abortion or miscarriage. Numerous studies have investigated the appropriateness of an integrated model of postabortion care (PAC) that includes three essential elements: emergency treatment for spontaneous or induced abortion; counseling and family planning services; and links to other reproductive health services. Many integrated PAC services include replacement of the conventional clinical treatment, sharp curettage (SC), with manual vacuum aspiration (MVA). In 1997 and 1999 the Population Council supported intervention studies in Mexico and Bolivia, respectively, to assess PAC programs in terms of safety, effectiveness, quality of care, cost, and subsequent contraceptive use by clients. Both interventions introduced integrated PAC services and compared the outcomes of MVA and SC use in large public hospitals. To assess changes in service quality and costs, researchers analyzed clinical records and interviewed clients and providers before and after the interventions. As noted in this summary, SC and MVA are equally safe and effective and can be provided on an outpatient basis. Integrating clinical treatment with family planning counseling and services increased clients’ knowledge and contraceptive use.
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Bolivia and Mexico: System-wide planning is needed for decentralized postabortion care. Population Council, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh16.1000.
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Governments in developing countries recognize the need for appropriate technology for the treatment of emergencies from incomplete abortion or miscarriage. Numerous studies have investigated the appropriateness of an integrated model of postabortion care (PAC) that includes three essential elements: emergency treatment for spontaneous or induced abortion; counseling and family planning services; and links to other reproductive health services. Many integrated PAC services include replacement of the conventional clinical treatment, sharp curettage (SC), with manual vacuum aspiration (MVA). In 1997 and 1999 the Population Council supported intervention studies in Mexico and Bolivia, respectively, to assess PAC programs in terms of safety, effectiveness, quality of care, cost, and subsequent contraceptive use by clients. Both interventions introduced integrated PAC services and compared the outcomes of MVA and SC use in large public hospitals. To assess changes in service quality and costs, researchers analyzed clinical records and interviewed clients and providers before and after the interventions. As noted in this summary, SC and MVA are equally safe and effective and can be provided on an outpatient basis. Integrating clinical treatment with family planning counseling and services increased clients’ knowledge and contraceptive use.