Journal articles on the topic 'Tecniche additive'

The PARSIFAL (Probabilistic Approach to pRovide Scenarios of earthquake Induced slope FAiLures) method was applied to the survey of post-earthquake landslides in central Italy for seismic microzonation purposes. In order to optimize time and resources, while also reducing errors, the paper-based method of survey data sheets was translated into digital formats using such instruments as Tablet PCs, GPS and open source software (QGIS). To the base mapping consisting of Technical Regional Map (Carta Tecnica Regionale—CTRs) at the scale of 1:10,000, layers were added with such sensitive information as the Inventory of Landslide Phenomena in Italy (Inventario dei Fenomeni Franosi in Italia—IFFI), for example. A database was designed and implemented in the SQLite/SpatiaLite Relational DataBase Management System (RDBMS) to store data related to such elements as landslides, rock masses, discontinuities and covers (as provided by PARSIFAL). To facilitate capture of the datum on the ground, data entry forms were created with Qt Designer. In addition to this, the employment of some QGIS plug-ins, developed for digital surveying and enabling of quick annotations on the map and the import of images from external cameras, was found to be of considerable use.

The first year research has aim to: (1) describe the learning assessment process of the speaking theory subject and (2) design the theorethic model of authentic assessment in speaking competence. The method used in the research is Research and Development method, i.e. the research method is used to produce certain product, and to test the effectiveness of the product. The results of the research are: (1) the assessment activity of the students’ speaking competence who takes the speaking theory subject have the characteristics of authentic assessment. It is based on the result of the curriculum review which has impact to the syllabus adjustment in directing to the teachers’ need at school. Therefore, the speaking competence assessment which focuses on the speaking ability, nowadays its academic competence focus is broading. In addition, the audiences’ affective respon is used as the assessment consideration; (2) the theoretic model of speaking competence assessment can be described that the speaking competence assessment is divided as two step categories, they are the process and the result assessment. The portofolio assessment is the most theorithic assessment tecnique which considered as it appropriate to gain the students’ speaking competence development. The result of the assessment is divided into two tests, i.e the middle semester test and the final semester test. The middle semester test is used to know the student’s competence which has closed relation to the speaking theories because the students have to mastery the speaking competence in order to practice the speaking competence, the students’ must also have to teach it. The final semester test is conducted to know the students’ competence in the speaking practice which can be conducted by the three techniques, they are group, peer, and individual technique. The tehcniques can be applied based on the needs and the characteristic of the tested competence.

Indirect bioleaching is a biotechnology that presents important advantages when apply to bioprocessing of zinc and zinc polymetallic concentrates such as high metals recovery, fast kinetic of 4-5 hours to get full metals extraction, sulphur oxidation to elemental sulphur (avoiding sulphuric acid generation, while pyrite mineral remains untouched), and use of conventional reactors (aeration is not required) and normal process equipments. On the other hand, the development of high-efficiency bioreactors for ferrous iron bio-oxidation based on flooded fixed-bed model has opened the way to succeed in the potential commercial application of this innovative bio-hydrometallurgical technology, being especially attractive to benefit zinc and lead bulk or polymetallic concentrates containing other valuable metals like silver. In addition, a great variety of concentrates is feasible to be processed, e.g. in the range of 15% to 60% Zn and Pb metals content. That aim, within European Biomine project, for the first time in biohydrometallurgy field, indirect bioleaching technology applied on Zn/Pb polymetallic concentrates has been demonstrated in continuous in an integrated pilot plant at Tecnicas Reunidas’ (TR) R&D Centre in Madrid (Spain) producing electrolytic SHG zinc plates. Overall zinc recovery in the integrated pilot facility after more than 300 operating hours has been above 95% thanks to the ability and good performance of the ZincexTM technology (solvent extraction and electrowinning), in which obtaining of SHG electrolytic zinc is fully guaranteed with high current efficiency (above 93%) and good deposit morphology. In definitive, a profitable marriage between indirect bioleaching process and ZincexTM technology has been successfully demonstrated in TR facilities at pilot plant scale, and main results of such integrated pilot plant operation are presented in this paper.

O estudo dos sistemas de iluminação residencial é fundamental para os alunos do curso Técnico em Edificações. Geralmente as práticas de ensino adotadas nas escolas públicas são tradicionalistas, onde o aluno assume uma postura passiva em seu processo de aprendizagem. Este artigo avalia a contribuição de uma sequência didática sobre circuitos elétricos de iluminação residencial, acionados por interruptores simples, intermediários e paralelos no Curso Técnico Integrado em Edificações. O trabalho proposto foi concebido para que pudesse contribuir com o docente no processo de ensino, a fim de motivar no aluno a consciência, a motivação, a reflexão e o prazer pelo estudo. Para tanto, utilizouse ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem combinadas com o uso de componentes animados, além de aulas práticas laboratoriais. Os resultados demonstraram que o uso de sequências didáticas, quando bem planejadas, torna o processo de ensino-aprendizagem mais dinâmico, interativo e mais eficiente. Sequência Didática. Circuito Elétrico. Aprendizagem.ABSTRACT The study of residential lighting systems is essential for students of the Technical Course in Buildings. Generally the teaching practices adopted in public schools are traditionalist, where the student takes a passive stance in his learning process. This article evaluates the contribution of a didactic sequence on electrical circuits of residential lighting, activated by simple, intermediate and parallel switches in the Integrated Technical Course in Buildings. The proposed work was conceived so that it could contribute with the teacher in the teaching process, in order to motivate in the student the conscience, the motivation, the reflection and the pleasure for the study. For that, virtual learning environments were used combined with the use of animated components, in addition to practical laboratory classes. The results showed that the use of didactic sequences, when well planned, makes the teaching-learning process more dynamic, interactive and more efficient. Didactic Sequence. Electrical Circuits. Learning.RESUMEN El estudio de los sistemas de iluminación residencial es esencial para los estudiantes del Curso Técnico en Edificaciones. En general, las prácticas docentes adoptadas en las escuelas públicas son tradicionalistas, donde el alumno adopta una postura pasiva en su proceso de aprendizaje. Este artículo evalúa la contribución de una secuencia didáctica en circuitos eléctricos de iluminación residencial, activada por interruptores simples, intermedios y paralelos en el Curso Técnico Integrado en Edificaciones. El trabajo propuesto fue concebido para que pueda contribuir con el profesor en el proceso de enseñanza, con el fin de motivar en el alumno la conciencia, la motivación, la reflexión y el placer por el estudio. Para ello, se utilizaron ambientes virtuales de aprendizaje combinados con el uso de componentes animados, además de clases prácticas de laboratorio. Los resultados mostraron que el uso de secuencias didácticas, cuando bien planeadas, hace que el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje sea más dinámico, interactivo y más eficiente. Secuencia Didáctica. Circuito Eléctrico. Aprendizaje.RIASSUNTO Lo studio dei sistemi di illuminazione residenziale è essenziale per gli studenti del Corso tecnico in edifici. Generalmente le pratiche di insegnamento adottate nelle scuole pubbliche sono tradizionaliste, in cui lo studente assume una posizione passiva nel suo processo di apprendimento. Questo articolo valuta il contributo di una sequenza didattica sui circuiti elettrici di illuminazione residenziale, attivati da interruttori semplici, intermedi e paralleli nel Corso tecnico integrato negli edifici. Il lavoro proposto è stato concepito in modo da poter contribuire con l'insegnante nel processo di insegnamento, al fine di motivare nello studente la coscienza, la motivazione, la riflessione e il piacere per lo studio. A tale scopo, sono stati utilizzati ambienti di apprendimento virtuale combinati con l'uso di componenti animati, oltre a lezioni pratiche di laboratorio. I risultati hanno mostrato che l'uso di sequenze didattiche, se ben pianificato, rende il processo di insegnamento-apprendimento più dinamico, interattivo ed efficiente.Sequenza Didattica. Circuito Elettrico. Apprendimento.

The appearance of Drosophila suzukii in 2009 has strongly affected the cherry cultivation. Prior to SWD invasion, Italian cherry orchards were treated with only two insecticide applications, the first against aphids (Myzus cerasi Sulz.) before flowering and the second against Rhagoletis cerasi, about 20-30 days before harvest. After D. suzukii invasion, additional two-three pre-harvest (close to harvest) insecticide treatments are required, but the number of insecticide applications can increase to 5-8 depending on pest abundance, crop susceptibility and other environmental factors. The intensive use of insecticides poses serious concerns about the presence of residues on fruits exceeding maximum residue limits (MRLs), the development of resistance, and negative impacts on the environment beyond beneficials. To obtain a good and sustainable control of D. suzukii the chemical strategies should be coupled with cultural management the use of nets and parasitoids. To achieve good control of the carpophagus it is essential to monitor, as well as the adults with trap lured with blends of fermentig substances, the oviposition on the ripening fruit, because the percentage of infestation is not related to the number of catches in the food traps. Considering the viability of SWD eggs and larvae is lower under dry, warm conditions, cool humid microhabitats should be avoided by pruning to open up the canopy in order to increase airflow on the trees and reduce shading. In addition, the use of mulches reducing standing water can further contribute to the reduction of humidity in fruit orchards. Precision irrigation should also be incorporated to reduce pooling of water on the ground. Mass trapping, placing numerous traps around the perimeter outside fruit fields, is suitable and cost-effective method only for cultivations where the pest pressure is considerably low, if necessary insecticides could be applied to the surface of the traps to function as an attract-and-kill strategy. Among the sustainable protection techniques for the control of D. suzukii, the use of insect-proof nets has proved effective, reducing or completely replacing the use of insecticides in some instances, and providing high levels of exclusion of D. suzukii from the crop. During the ripening season, sanitary measures such as removal of dropped, infested and over-ripe fruits is suggested. The collection and treatment of infested fruit through sun exposure, disposal in closed containers, crushing, low temperature treatments, bagging and burying, to destroy D. suzukii eggs and larvae are Fig. 6 - Tecniche di produzione integrata per il contenimento di Drosophila suzukii Fig. 6 - Integrated production techniques for Drosophila suzukii control Integrated pest management against D. suzukii 73 essential IPM procedures to limit the infestation of healthy fruit. The augmentative release of parasitoids and conservation biocontrol of generalist predators, potentially, could contribute to the integrated management of D. suzukii populations, especially in natural habitats close to commercial crops, however further work on the effectiveness of native parasitoids and generalist predators in Europe and the USA, in the field, is required. In this paper, the integration of different tools for D. suzukii control will be discussed, in order to develop effective, eco-friendly and practical strategies in the management of the pest on cherry

Le diagnosi prenatali sono in grado oggi di individuare numerose patologie che, se curate durante la gravidanza, comportano la guarigione o minori danni per il feto. Queste terapie richiedono però, prima della loro esecuzione, una valutazione etica. La prima parte presenta le varie fasi in cui è possibile intervenire (durante la gravidanza o dopo il parto). Ci sono anche patologie per le quali non esistono cure e che possono portare all’aborto eugenetico, contrario alla dignità dell’essere umano ed emblematico della cultura dello scarto. In questo percorso è fondamentale il counselling. La parte successiva analizza le possibilità terapeutiche. Innanzitutto è opportuno attuare con la coppia una terapia educazionale per comprendere il problema nel suo complesso e consentire una scelta consapevole. Quindi vengono presentate le tecniche d’intervento (medica, trasfusionale, chirurgica, genica). Per le situazioni più drammatiche si indica l’importanza di una terapia dell’accoglienza, anche attraverso le cure palliative e l’esperienza degli hospice perinatali. La terza parte focalizza i criteri di accesso alle terapie fetali in una prospettiva etica. Anzitutto la considerazione del feto come paziente, da trattare con un approccio individualizzato e proporzionato. Si considera inoltre la necessità di un consenso pienamente informato dei genitori, anche per gli interventi di natura sperimentale, e la valutazione delle ulteriori conseguenze della terapia fetale a medio e lungo termine. Quindi viene motivato il rifiuto dell’accanimento terapeutico che può comportare la rinuncia all’ intervento. Una riflessione finale riguarda l’elevato costo dell’intero processo in un’ottica di equità e sostenibilità delle cure. In conclusione, la considerazione del feto come soggetto di cui ci si prende cura e un approccio adeguato al processo diagnosi-prognosi-terapia, consentono di qualificare gli interventi di terapia fetale eticamente corretti per il bene del bambino.----------Through prenatal diagnosis it is nowadays possible to identify several pathologies which, if treated during pregnancy, can result in complete healing or in lesser damages to the fetus. These therapies, however, require an ethical assessment prior to their execution. Part one introduces the various stages in which a clinical intervention is possible (during pregnancy or after delivery). There are a number of pathologies for which no therapy is available and which may lead to eugenic abortion. This is against the dignity of the human being and it is emblematic of a “culture of waste”. In such circumstance, counselling is fundamental. The following section analyzes therapeutic opportunities. First of all, it is appropriate to involve the couple in an “educational therapy” in order to have them understand the problem as a whole and foster an informed choice. Subsequently, intervention techniques are presented (treatment, transfusion, surgery, genetics). For particularly unfortunate situations, the importance of a “welcome therapy”, of the perinatal hospice and palliative care is highlighted. The subsequent section focuses on access criteria to fetal therapies from an ethical perspective. First, the fetus is regarded as a patient to be treated with a personalized and proportionate approach. In addition, the need of an informed consent by parents is highlighted, also for experimental operations, and this leads to the assessment of further consequences that fetal therapy may have in the short-medium term. Also, the refusal of therapeutic persistence is analyzed, which may lead to renouncing treatment. A last consideration concerns the high cost of the whole procedure in terms of equity and sustainability of therapies. Finally, by regarding the fetus as a subject to take care of and fostering an adequate approach to the diagnosis-prognosis- therapy process, fetal therapies may be defined as ethically correct for the welfare well being of the child.

ABSTRACTA novel preparation technique termed “Chemical Annealing (CA)” was developed with aim of making a stable and rigid structure of Si-network. The a-Si:H films were made by the alternate deposition of several tens angstrom thick a-Si:H and the treatment with atomic hydrogen or excited novel gases such as Ar* and He*. Hydrogen contents (CH) and optical gap (Eg) in the film prepared by this tecnique were able to reduced by CH of 1.5at%, and Eg of 1.5eV, respectively at substrate temperature:300C. All of them exhibited high photoconductivities in the level of 10-5 10-4 S/cm under illumination of 100mW/cm2. In the films with CH of 3at% or less, in particular, marked improvement was confirmed in the stability after light soaking. In addition, the time-of-flight measurement revealed a non-dispersive transport and a significant enhancement in the drift mobility of holes up to 0.2cmm2/Vs at room temperature in the film with CH : 5at% and Eg:1.65eV prepared at 300C. Advantages of the CA process are summarized together with the discussion of role of atomic hydrogen, excited novel gases such as Ar* and He* in the growing surface.

In recent decades the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) world, for diagnostic uses, offered a very rapid and extremely dynamic and necessary technological evolution. Recently approved in Italy also for clinical use, in addition to the scientific one, the introduction of very high-field MRI, or 3 Tesla, provided considerable benefits. Therefore, the high magnetic field (3T) allows an increase in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and in spatial and temporal resolution, and other several advantages. Certainly, there are some disadvantages, which can be found in the field of protectionism and safety, due to the increase in intensity of the static magnetic field and, specifically, to the increase in Specific Absorption Rate (SAR). Many applications of MRI improved significantly, among these, the brest MRI study, where the 3T magnetic field allows an increase of diagnostic accuracy in terms of specificity, providing a better visualization and characterization of breast lesions presenting post-contrastographic enhancement, so breast cancer and other lesions, showing a progressive better application field. Magnetic resonance is an emerging application with great potential, and the spread of very high-field scanners will allow 3 Tesla to become the excellence for many studies, especially in breast imaging.

Objective: The influence of four root canal filling techniques on the penetration of an endodontic sealer into dentinal tubules and the gutta percha/ sealer ratio (GP/SR) in root canals was evaluated using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Material and Methods: Roots of the maxillary central incisors (n=40) were prepared with ProTaper Universal files up to file F5 and assigned to five groups: continuous wave condensation, lateral condensation, single cone, Thermafill®, and negative control group. After root canal filling with gutta-percha and AH26, along with the addition of 0.01% fluorescein, the roots were cut into 2-mm slices. Using CLSM, the specimens were transversely sectioned at 3, 6, and 10 mm from the apex. Results: Sealer penetration was deeper and more frequent at 10 mm than at the 6mm and 3mm for all obturation technique. Penetration was not significantly affected by obturation techniques except single master cone tecnique. Single cone technique demonstrated the lowest sealer penetration at all levels. However, sealer thickness was strongly dependent on obturation technique. Termafill® demostrated superior GP ratio followed by continuous wave condensation, lateral condensation and single cone. Conclusion: In conclusion, the single cone technique resulted in lower sealer penetration than the other techniques, which did not differ significantly from each other. However, sealer thickness was strongly dependent on obturation technique. Termafill® demostrated superior GP ratio followed by continuous wave condensation, lateral condensation and single cone.KeywordsObturation techniques; Dentinal tubule penetration; Gutta percha, sealer ratio; Confocal laser scanning microscopy.