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Bhandari, Sushila Devi, and Sarala Joshi. "Perception and Perceived Experiences about Prevention and Consequences of Teenage Pregnancy and Childbirth among Teenage Mothers: A Qualitative Study." Journal of Advanced Academic Research 3, no. 1 (February 11, 2017): 164–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jaar.v3i1.16625.
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Teenage pregnancy and childbirth is a social problem in many Asian countries including Nepal. Many quantitative studies have been done on teenage pregnancy, its outcomes, and challenges faced by teenager, but very little are known about their perceptions and experiences about teenage pregnancy and their consequences during childbirth. This study aimed to explore the perceptions and experiences of teenage pregnancy and childbirth among teenage mothers. This study has adopted phenomenology approach to explore the perceptions and experiences of being a teen mother. Study was based on data collected through in-depth interviews (IDIs), and Focus Group Discussion (FGDs). All respondents provided verbal as well as written consent to face the interview. IDI guide was used to collect information among teenage mothers to assess their perception and experiences on teenage pregnancy and childbirth. Similar guide was used for FGDs. Collected information was manually processed through qualitative content analysis and grouped into theme and subthemes. The teenage mother understood that teenage pregnancy and childbirth is a risk for both mother and child. A majority of them perceived that low education, poverty, love marriage, family problems, in-laws pressure; cultural prospects are aggravating factors leading to teenage pregnancy. Almost all of the respondents mentioned the negative impact of teenage pregnancy on the health. But very few respondents knew advantages of teenage childbirth. Most of them however knew that the teenage pregnancy can be prevented. Access to family planning services to teenage mothers, community awareness, and government support is needed to reduce teenage pregnancy and childbirth.
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Ayamolowo, Sunday Joseph, Aanuoluwapo Omobolanle Olajubu, and Funke Elizabeth Akintola. "Perceived social support and depression among pregnant and child-rearing teenagers in Ile-Ife, Southwest Nigeria." African Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health 13, no. 4 (October 2, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/ajmw.2018.0033.
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Background The mental strain of pregnancy and child-rearing can lead to depression, especially when the expectant mother is also a teenager who will need robust social support to adequately cope with motherhood at this vulnerable stage of life. In Nigeria, teenage pregnancy and motherhood can prevent them from acquiring an education or the skills to earn money, and many teenage mothers struggle with depression and other health issues. Aim To assess the relationship between perceived social support and level of depression among pregnant and child-rearing teenagers in the Ife East Local Government Area, Southwest Nigeria. Methods A descriptive study design was employed and a structured questionnaire was used to elicit response from 120 pregnant and child-rearing teenagers who were selected using a multistage sampling technique. Descriptive statistics were computed on sociodemographic characteristics, level of perceived social support, and level of depression among respondents. The Pearson correlation test was used to assess the relationship between perceived social support and level of depression. Findings More than half (54.2%) of the respondents reported a moderate level of perceived social support, and few respondents (12.5%) reported that they received low social support. Many (44.2%) of the respondents reported no depression, and few respondents (10.0%) were categorised as severely depressed. The study found a significant, moderately strong, negative correlation between respondents' level of social support and depression (r=−0.510, P=<0.0001). Conclusion There is a significant association between the level of perceived social support received and the development of depression among pregnant and child-rearing teenagers in Nigeria. Hence, there is an urgent need for appropriate community health information, education and programmes to facilitate support for pregnant and child-rearing teenagers. This will help to reduce depression and improve health outcomes for teenage mothers.
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Akpor, Oluwaseyi Abiodun, and Gloria Thupayagale-Tshweneagae. "Teenage pregnancy in Nigeria: professional nurses and educators’ perspectives." F1000Research 8 (January 9, 2019): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.16893.1.
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Background: Teenage pregnancy has been regarded as a negative occurrence in recent times due to its various negative consequences on the overall wellbeing of the teenage mother and her child, the whole family system and the entire community at large. Teenage pregnancy rate is a powerful indicator of the total well-being of a population. Purpose: The aim of the study was to explore professional nurses and secondary school teachers’ own perspectives on teenage pregnancy and to ascertain the current teenage pregnancy prevention programmes within the two selected communities in Kwara and Edo states in Nigeria. Methods: The study was qualitative and contextual with an exploratory strategy. A total of 80 participants, who were professional nurses and secondary school teachers, responded to the semi-structured interview and completed a questionnaire on demographic data. Template analysis style was combined with content analysis for data analysis. Results: Our findings revealed limited teenage pregnancy prevention initiatives in the communities. The majority of the participants expressed that teenage pregnancy is a common occurrence in their communities, but it is not acceptable. More than half of the participants did not accept the usage of contraceptives by teenagers. Conclusions: The study identified a number of factors that may influence the rate of teenage pregnancy in the communities. Therefore, strategies to reduce teenage pregnancy should focus on building social capital for teenagers in communities, making information on contraception more accessible and offering programmes that empower girls in the area of sexuality.
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Quinlivan, Julie A. "Teenagers who plan parenthood." Sexual Health 1, no. 4 (2004): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh04011.
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It is clear that a variable number of teenage mothers have, to some extent, planned parenthood. From an evolutionary perspective, it could be argued that teenage childbearing may in fact be a positive adaptive mechanism for humans raised in a hostile environment. Life history theory suggests that in risky and uncertain environments the optimal reproductive strategy is to reproduce early in order to maximise the probability of leaving any descendents at all. If some teenagers are planning or hoping for pregnancy, it is possible that some positive behavioural changes may be observed. This has proven to be the case with many teenagers altering their risk taking behaviours in the anticipation and expectation of pregnancy. There is now substantial evidence that teenagers who become pregnant were at higher risk than the general population for using cigarettes, alcohol, and marijuana. However, once pregnant, rates of consumption are usually lower compared with their non-pregnant peers or even their own personal pre-pregnancy rates of consumption. Therefore, for some teenagers, the conscious or unconscious prospect of pregnancy represents a potential space in which to rethink behaviours that may be harmful to themselves as a future mother, and also to their child. Given that teenage motherhood is not going to simply vanish, it is important to remember to focus research and services on validated interventions that may assist teenage mothers fulfill their ambitions of parenthood and simultaneously provide the best outcomes for their offspring. Evidence-based interventions focus on sustained home visitation by nurses, with limited evidence supporting the use of volunteers. In contrast, evidence suggests that home visitation by paraprofessionals may not be effective. Other strategies that may be helpful include the use of multidisciplinary teenage pregnancy clinics that have been noted to be associated with improved pregnancy outcomes. The role of new mothers’ groups, other community based group activities, peer support workers and intensive educational interventions to encourage return to schooling may be useful but have not been subjected to randomised evaluation. Such evaluation needs to occur.
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Emani, Anusha, and Shraddha Shetty K. "Obstetric outcome of teenage pregnancies in a tertiary care centre in Mangalore, Karnataka, India." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 7, no. 5 (April 28, 2018): 1786. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20181903.
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Background: Teenage pregnancy is a social problem affecting maternal and child health. In India, teenage pregnancy is an important public-health problem, although the national policy of the Government of India advocates the minimum legal age of marriage for girls to be 18 years. The aim of the present study was to observe the obstetric outcome in Teenage pregnanciesMethods: A retrospective analysis of all Teenage pregnancies was done over a period of 1 year from August 2014 to July 2015. Case sheets of all teenage mothers delivered during that period were retrieved. Maternal and neonatal outcome were analyzed and compared with pregnant women ≥20 years of age. Results: 5859 deliveries occurred during the study period, teenage deliveries were 457.The prevalence of teenage deliveries was 7.8%. Cesarean delivery rate was 56% vs 42% (p value<0.05) among teenagers compared to non teenage pregnant mothers. Preterm delivery rate was higher in teenagers 24% vs 14 % (p<0.05). 39(8.6%) teenage mothers had developed hypertension in pregnancy and 42(8.3%) among non-teenagers (p>0.05). Teenage mothers had increased Low birth weight rates 24% vs 10% (p<0.05).Conclusions: Teenage pregnancies has a negative impact on maternal and perinatal health. Hence strict laws should be enforced to prohibit teenage marriages. Adolescent girls should be educated about safe sex practices, contraception and complications of teenage pregnancies on maternal and child health.
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Bhandari, Sushila Devi. "Awareness on Consequences of Teenage Pregnancy among Adolescent at Ampipal VDC, Gorkha." Journal of Advanced Academic Research 1, no. 1 (September 29, 2015): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jaar.v1i1.13506.
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Background: Teenage pregnancy is significant medical and social problem in many parts of the world. Complication of the child birth and unsafe abortion are among the main causes of death for women under 20. Early teenage pregnancy can cause severe health problems for both the mother and child. Moreover, an early start to childbearing greatly reduces women’s educational and employment opportunities and is associated with higher levels of fertility.The objective of the study was to assess awareness on consequences of teenage pregnancy among adolescent of Ampipal VDC.Methods: Cross sectional descriptive study was used as research design. Interview questionnaire tool was used as an instrument for data collection. Systematic analysis of 100 respondents of Ampipal VDC was done and chi square test and awareness regarding consequences of teenage pregnancy of study population was examined using the SPSS (16.0).Results: The study revealed that more than half (74%) had adequate knowledge on consequences of teenage pregnancy to mother and baby with mean score 12.34. More than of respondents (86%) had adequate knowledge on cause of teenage pregnancy with mean score 6.38.Conclusion: The study concluded that half of respondent (74%) had adequate knowledge on consequences of teenage pregnancy. There was statistical significance between educational level and knowledge on consequences of adolescent pregnancy whereas there was no association between knowledge and other socio demographic variables (ethnicity, family structure and occupation).Journal of Advanced Academic Research Vol.1(1) 2014: 10-17
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Sant'Anna, Maria José Carvalho, Kepler Alencar Mendes Carvalho, Amanda Melhado, Verônica Coates, and Hatim A. Omar. "Teenage Pregnancy: Impact of the Integral Attention Given to the Pregnant Teenager and Adolescent Mother as a Protective Factor for Repeat Pregnancy." Scientific World JOURNAL 7 (2007): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2007.12.
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of the integral attention to the health of pregnant adolescents and adolescent mothers, having follow-up from the Integral Support Program for the Pregnant Teen (ISPPT), with the intention to determine quality of life and prevent repeat pregnancy. A prospective study comprised 85 adolescents attended by the ISPPT between January 2002 and June 2006 who participated in meetings during pregnancy with a multidisciplinary team that provided orientation concerning family planning, self-esteem, pregnancy prevention, motivation to continue education and/or work, and evaluate the postpartum mother-child relationship. The following were analyzed: education level, marital status, contraceptive use, thoughts and attempts at abortion, repeat pregnancy. This study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee. The Epi-Info v6.0b software was used for data and result evaluation using the means and the chi-squared test. The mean age of the adolescents was 15.7 years, 3.52% had repeat pregnancy within a mean follow-up of 23 months after childbirth, the mean education level was 8.1 years, 30.5% dropped out of school, with 79.4% occurring before pregnancy, 64.6% used no contraceptives, 68.3% were single, and 81.3% had a positive role model. One year after birth, 67.5% studied, 50% worked, 55.1% lived with the partner, 77% correctly used contraceptives, every child lived with their mothers and their vaccinations were up to date. The results demonstrate that the global attention given to the health of adolescent mothers and pregnant adolescents is a protective factor for pregnancy relapse and quality of life.
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Salvador, Jordan Tovera, Ben Ryan Jucay Sauce, Marc Oneel Castillo Alvarez, and Ahrjaynes Balanag Rosario. "The Phenomenon of Teenage Pregnancy in the Philippines." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 32 (November 30, 2016): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n32p173.
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Teenage Pregnancy had been a worldwide issue, and has raised large numbers of campaigns and awareness to lessen its occurrence. The total number of this phenomenon is increasing each year. Philippines is one of the Asian countries which shares similar situation. In a study conducted by the National Demographic and Health Survey in 2013, one out of every young Filipino women age 15 to 19 is already a mother or pregnant with a first child. Therefore, the government in partnership with the different nongovernment agencies should exert efforts in resolving this issue. Teenage Pregnancies are often associated with social development issues such as lack of sufficient education and poverty. This often results to single parenthood which catalyzes conditions that renders the mothers to become irresponsible. Hence, it conveys a social stigma in various countries and cultures. This study would like to focus on exploring the lived experiences of Filipino teenage mothers in their pre and post-natal stage on how they prepare and accept their new roles as mothers. The gathered data from the methods were analyzed and interpreted according to qualitative content analysis. As a result, this generated emergent themes which depicted the experiences of the participants.
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Macvarish, Jan. "Understanding the Significance of the Teenage Mother in Contemporary Parenting Culture." Sociological Research Online 15, no. 4 (November 2010): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.2238.
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This paper attempts to understand the prominence given to teenage pregnancy in policy discussions since the late-1990s by contextualising it within a broader analysis of the contemporary ‘culture of parenting’. The emerging field of parenting culture studies has begun to develop an analysis of the key features of policy, practice and informal culture. Three key concepts are discussed to shed an alternative light on the issue of teenage pregnancy and parenthood with the hope of further developing the healthy debate that has emerged in recent years in response to policy priorities: the development of ‘parental tribalism’ whereby differing parental choices and behaviour become a site for identity formation; the idea of a deficit at the level of parenting and intimate familial relationships; the reconceptualising of the parent as an autonomous, authoritative adult to a more infantilised imagining. The teenage mother, herself neither adult nor child, becomes emblematic of these developments.
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Quinlivan, Julie A., and John Condon. "Anxiety and Depression in Fathers in Teenage Pregnancy." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 39, no. 10 (October 2005): 915–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.2005.01664.x.
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Objective: It is recognized that pregnant teenagers have higher levels of psychological symptomatology compared to older pregnant women. However, there are limited data on fathers in the setting of teenage pregnancy. The aim of this study was to compare levels of psychological symptomatology in fathers in the setting of teenage as compared to non-teenage pregnancy. Method: A cross-sectional cohort study was undertaken. Data from interviews with consecutive fathers in the setting of teenage (Teenage) and non-teenage (Control) pregnancy were compared during the antenatal period. Subjects were interviewed to obtain information covering demographic and family information, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28). Results: Significantly more fathers in the setting of teenage pregnancy met the case criteria for HADS-A and HADS-D subscales compared to older fathers. They had significantly higher GHQ-28 totals and all subscale scores and were more likely predictive of a young age of death compared to older fathers. However, formal contact with psychiatric services was similar between groups. Interestingly, 14% of fathers in the setting of teenage pregnancy reported losing their own father as a child. In multivariate analysis, a high HADS score was significantly associated with younger age of onset of fatherhood and exposure to domestic violence as a child, whereas having their own father alive was significantly protective against a high HADS score. Conclusion: Fathers, in the setting of teenage pregnancy, have unrecognized psychological symptomatology and require services along with teenage mothers.
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Rai, Purnima, Namrata Sindan, Bishnu Dutta Acharya, Rajiv Shah, and Sandeep Shrestha. "Adolescent Pregnancy and its Outcome in a Rural Teaching Hospital, Karnali Academy of Health Science, Jumla." Journal of Karnali Academy of Health Sciences 2, no. 2 (August 6, 2019): 107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jkahs.v2i2.25169.
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Introduction: Nepal is a low socioeconomic country and adolescent pregnancy can have deleterious effects on health as well as social wellbeing of the mother, child and the community. The aim of this study was to find the frequency of teenage pregnancy and its outcomes in Karnali Academy of Health Science.
Method: This was a retrospective study conducted in Karnali Academy of Health Science, Jumla, Nepal. Data was collected from the hospital records from October 2017 to September 2018.
Result: The frequency of teenage pregnancy was 22.6% among total deliveries. Most of them were primigravida (84.9%). Majority of them were 18 years of age (47.5%). Caesarean section accounted for 10.8%. In perinatal outcome, the incidence of preterm birth was 15.1%, and extremely low birth weight was 2.2%, very low birth weight was 1.4% and low birth weight was 12.2%. Maternal complication accounted for 33.09%.
Conclusion: The study concluded that frequency of teenage pregnancy is considerably high and it is associated with increases risk of adverse outcome to both mother and newborn such as intrauterine fetal death, retained placenta, and malpresentations. Therefore, education and awareness can be helpful in reducing adolescent pregnancy and its adverse outcomes.
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Kakuszi, Brigitta, Erika Bácskai, József Gerevich, and Pál Czobor. "Teenage and adult pregnancy: A differential relationship between socio-economic status and smoking." Orvosi Hetilap 154, no. 10 (March 2013): 376–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/oh.2013.29557.
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Introduction: Smoking occurs frequently during pregnancy, thereby putting mother and child at health risks. Low socio-economic status is a risk factor for smoking. Aim: To investigate the relationship between smoking and low income in teenage and adult pregnancy, which is an important measure of poor socioeconomic status. Method: The authors used subject-level data from the US NSDUH database, which contains information on pregnancies and smoking. Results: Teenage pregnancy is are associated with higher, whereas adult pregnancies with lower prevalence of smoking compared to the age-matched female population. The association between income and smoking is age-dependent. Among adults there is an inverse relationship (high income – low-risk of smoking), while in teenage pregnancy smoking increases with income. Conclusions: To investigate in teenage and adult pregnancy the relationship between smoking and low income, which is an important measure of poor socio-economic status. Higher socioeconomic status may be associated with risky behaviour, thereby increasing both the risk of smoking and early pregnancy. Orv Hetil., 2013, 154, 376–381.
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Sah, Ram Bilakshan, Kumar Gaurav, Dharani Dhar Baral, Nilambar Jha, and Paras Kumar Pokharel. "Burden of Teenage Pregnancies in Hilly Area of Eastern Region of Nepal." Journal of Nobel Medical College 3, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jonmc.v3i1.12231.
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Teenage pregnancy, which is detrimental to the health of mother and child, is a common public health problem worldwide. It is a problem that affects nearly every society- developed and developing alike. The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of teenage pregnancy and its impact on birth outcome. The cross-sectional study was conducted among the residents of Dhankuta municipality where 246 households were taken as subjects. Chi-square test was applied to find out the significant difference between socio demographic characteristics and outcome variable i.e. birth outcome & age of 1st pregnancy. About 34.6% of respondents were pregnant at below 20 years of age. The teenage pregnancies decreases as education level increases (p<0.001). Furthermore, economic variable shows stronger association with teenage pregnancies (p<0.001). Fetal complication was significantly higher among below 20 years of age (81%) than women with 20 years and above (19%). The proportion of low birth weight (<2.5 kg) babies was also significantly higher in women with teenage pregnancy (78.3%) than women with 20 years and above (21.7%). We conclude that the problem of teenage pregnancy is common and has become a key public health concern for all. The teenage pregnancy was not favorable condition for baby outcome.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jonmc.v3i1.12231Journal of Nobel Medical College Vol. 3, No.1 Issue 6, 2014, Page: 13-19
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Papri, Fahmida Shirin, Zubaida Khanam, Sarwat Ara, and Morsheda Begum Panna. "Adolescent Pregnancy: Risk Factors, Outcome and Prevention." Chattagram Maa-O-Shishu Hospital Medical College Journal 15, no. 1 (July 17, 2016): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cmoshmcj.v15i1.28764.
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Adolescent pregnancy, which is detrimental to the health of mother and child, is a common public health problem worldwide. It is one of the key issues concerning reproductive health of women not only in developing countries but also in developed countries. There is growing awareness that early child bearing has multiple consequences in terms of maternal health, child health and over all well-being of the society. The purpose of the article is to review current trends and issues on adolescent pregnancy to update the practitioners. The readers are provided with more recent data on adolescent sexuality, child bearing as well as suggestions for addressing the challenges of teenage pregnancy.Chatt Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.15 (1); Jan 2016; Page 53-56
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Sôma, Naoko, Jiyoon Park, Sun-Hee Baek, and Akemi Morita. "Teenage Pregnancy and Its Support System in Korea." International Journal of Public and Private Healthcare Management and Economics 2, no. 4 (October 2012): 14–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijpphme.2012100102.
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The purpose of this paper is to analyze vulnerability of teenage families by focusing on teenage pregnancy and its support system in South Korea, and discuss how they are facing uncertainty and insecurity and which directions in developments of family policy in so-called “family centered welfare state” of Korea. Teenage pregnancy is widely issued in developing and developed countries. Especially in developed countries, the number of teenage mothers has been increasing and their welfare support has been developed. Recent research of teenage pregnancy in developed countries examine that young mothers and fathers tend to have multi-layered problems of welfare, education, and labor-market. In South Korea, which is categorized as “family centered welfare regime”, the number of teenage pregnancy is increasing in the context of very low fertility trend. Most of teenage pregnancy has historically ended with “abortion” or “adoption,” and its issue has had stigma. However, recently the number of teenage mothers who choose their own childcare is increasing. They are facing multi-layered insecurities; insecurities of education (drop out), poverty, labor insecurity, and the insecurities of the development and future of their child. This paper focuses on young family at risk through the lens of teenage pregnancy in “familialism” welfare regime of Korea and considers possible directions in very low fertility society.
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de Carvalho, João Eduardo Coin. "How can a child be a mother? Discourse on teenage pregnancy in a Brazilianfavela." Culture, Health & Sexuality 9, no. 2 (March 2007): 109–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13691050600994448.
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Gunawardena, Nathali, Arone Wondwossen Fantaye, and Sanni Yaya. "Predictors of pregnancy among young people in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and narrative synthesis." BMJ Global Health 4, no. 3 (June 2019): e001499. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001499.
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BackgroundSub-Saharan Africa has among the highest prevalence of teenage pregnancy in the world. Teenage mothers and their children are at risk to a host of medical, social and economic challenges. Adolescent pregnancy is a significant cost to the mother and newborn child, and also to their family and the wider society. Despite measures taken by some sub-Saharan nations to tackle the issue of adolescent pregnancy, the phenomenon remains a public health concern that is widespread throughout the region. Currently, there are few studies that examine the predictors of teenage pregnancy in the sub-Saharan region. The objective of the present study was to systematically review predictors of pregnancy among young people in sub-Saharan Africa.MethodsA literature search was conducted using Medline, CINAHL and EMBASE electronic databases. Following duplicate removal, abstract and full-text screening, 15 studies were ultimately included in the final review. Narrative synthesis was used to synthesise the qualitative and quantitative findings. This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses.ResultsTwenty-seven predictors of teenage pregnancy were identified and grouped into six themes (Partner and peer-related predictors; Sexual health knowledge, attitude and behaviour-related predictors; Parenting and family-related predictors; Economic, environmental and cultural predictors; Personal predictors; and Quality of healthcare services predictors). The most obvious predictors included sexual coercion and pressure from male partners, low or incorrect use of contraceptives, and poor parenting or low parental communication and support.ConclusionThis review emphasises that the large prevalence of adolescent pregnancy in sub-Saharan Africa is attributable to multiple predictors that our study was able to group into six themes. Policy changes and programmes must be implemented in sub-Saharan Africa to address these determinants in order to reduce adolescent pregnancy within the region.
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Plotnick, Robert D., Irwin Garfinkel, Sara S. McLanahan, and Inhoe Ku. "Better Child Support Enforcement." Journal of Family Issues 25, no. 5 (July 2004): 634–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x03258311.
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Stricter child support enforcement may reduce unwed childbearing by raising the costs of fatherhood. The authors investigate this hypothesis using a sample of young women from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, to which they add information on state child support enforcement. Models of the probability of a teenage premarital birth and of teenage premarital pregnancy and pregnancy resolution provide tentative evidence that during the early 1980s, teens living in states with higher rates of paternity establishment were less likely to become unwed mothers. This relationship is stronger for non-Hispanic Whites than for non-Hispanic Blacks. The findings suggest that policies that shift more costs of premarital child-bearing to men may reduce this behavior, at least among non-Hispanic Whites.
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Fine, Mark A., and Constance Willard Williams. "Black Teenage Mothers: Pregnancy and Child Rearing from Their Perspective." Journal of Marriage and the Family 53, no. 4 (November 1991): 1114. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/353020.
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East, Patricia L. "Black teenage mothers: Pregnancy and child rearing from their perspective." Journal of Adolescence 15, no. 2 (June 1992): 215–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-1971(92)90058-d.
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Santos, Brenda Karoline, Viviane Macedo Marinho Barreto, Vinícius Souza Santos, Neyana Maria Coelho de Souza Prado, José Rodrigo Santos Silva, Ana Jovina Barreto Bispo, and Andrea Ferreira Soares. "Sociodemographic and obstetric factors related to low birth weight in the context of early pregnancy." Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil 20, no. 1 (March 2020): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-93042020000100008.
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Abstract Objectives: to analyze sociodemographic and obstetric factors that may influence the occurrence of low birth weight in the context of early pregnancy. Methods: the sample consisted of 232 pregnant teenagers, aged 10-19 years old, were assisted at a public maternity hospital in Aracaju-SE during the period of August 2012 to July 2016. The data collection was conducted through a structured questionnaire. Results: low birth weight was observed in 41.38% of the newborns and there was a statistical association between the educational level and the marital status with the occurrence of low birth weight in newborns among teenage mothers, with p=0.0286 and p=0.0247, respectively. Conclusions: the socioeconomic factors may contribute to the occurrence of low birth weight in newborns of teenage mothers and teenage pregnancy at this age represents a serious public health problem.
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Melo, Emiliana Cristina, Ana Beatriz Guedes Ribeiro, Rosana Rosseto de Oliveira, Robsmeire Calvo Melo Zurita, and Thais Aidar de Freitas Mathias. "Analysis of Maternal and Child Health Indicators in an Area at Paraná State, Brazil." Nursing Research and Practice 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/495178.
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The aim of this study was to analyze maternal and child health indicators and infant mortality rate (IMR) at the cities located at the 18th Health Division (HD) in Parana State, Brazil. In this ecological study we analyzed all live births and infant deaths which occurred from 2000 to 2009 at the 18th HD, collecting data from the Mortality Information Database and the Live Births Information Database. The variables assessed were grouped into maternal, pregnancy and delivery, and neonatal variables. The analysis was conducted using the mean percentage of each variable and the IMR calculated for both periods: from 2000 to 2004 and from 2005 to 2009. The IMR was reduced considerably, following Brazil's and Paraná State's trend. Maternal indicators went down regarding the mean percentage of teenage mothers and low education, whereas they went up regarding mother with 35 years old or older and mothers without a partner. Pregnancy indicators showed increased prematurity and cesarean birth. Neonatal indicators raised in black/brown skin color and low birth weights percentages. This study provides a better understanding of maternal and child health in the cities located at the 18th HD, supplying grounds to plan actions regarding the real needs of each specific city.
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Barker, Edward D., Natasha Kirkham, Jane Ng, and Sarah K. G. Jensen. "Prenatal maternal depression symptoms and nutrition, and child cognitive function." British Journal of Psychiatry 203, no. 6 (December 2013): 417–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.113.129486.
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BackgroundLittle is currently known about how maternal depression symptoms and unhealthy nutrition during pregnancy may developmentally interrelate to negatively affect child cognitive function.AimsTo test whether prenatal maternal depression symptoms predict poor prenatal nutrition, and whether this in turn prospectively associates with reduced postnatal child cognitive function.MethodIn 6979 mother–offspring pairs participating in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) in the UK, maternal depression symptoms were assessed five times between 18 weeks gestation and 33 months old. Maternal reports of the nutritional environment were assessed at 32 weeks gestation and 47 months old, and child cognitive function was assessed at age 8 years.ResultsDuring gestation, higher depressive symptoms were related to lower levels of healthy nutrition and higher levels of unhealthy nutrition, each of which in turn was prospectively associated with reduced cognitive function. These results were robust to postnatal depression symptoms and nutrition, as well as a range of potential prenatal and postnatal confounds (i.e. poverty, teenage mother, low maternal education, parity, birth complications, substance use, criminal lifestyle, partner cruelty towards mother).ConclusionsPrenatal interventions aimed at the well-being of children of parents with depression should consider targeting the nutritional environment.
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Adhikari, Jyoti, Shristi Kharel, Lalita Bahl, Deepal Poudel, and Rajesh K.C. "Neonatal Outcome Among Adolescent and Adult Pregnancy in a Tertiary Care Center of Nepal." Journal of Nepalgunj Medical College 14, no. 2 (October 31, 2018): 56–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jngmc.v14i2.21541.
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Background: Teenage pregnancy is a common public health problem worldwide which is detrimental to the health of mother and child and has long been considered a high-risk situation. The risk of low birth weight (LBW) and preterm delivery is particularly high among teenagers.Methods: A comparative study was conducted in Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital, Kohalpur during the period of July 2015 to June 2016. The study was carried out to compare the immediate neonatal outcome and morbidity pattern in neonates of 50 adolescent and 50 adult mothers.Results: In the present study, 84% belonged to adolescent mother group (17-19 years) whereas 50% belonged to adult mother group (20-23 years). Illiteracy was seen more in adolescent mothers (62%) and most were from rural areas (68%). The common immediate neonatal outcome found in adolescent and adult mothers were preterm delivery (96% vs. 52%; p value 0.001), low birth weight (LBW) (70% vs. 38%; p value 0.001). The common neonatal morbidities seen significantly high in neonates of adolescent mothers, viz: Neonatal sepsis (NNS)(54% vs. 20% p value <0.02), apnea (30% vs. 14% P value <0.02), neonatal jaundice(NNJ)(44% vs. 30% p value <0.01) while the other morbidities found were birth asphyxia (20% vs. 14%; p value <0.1), Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) (36% vs. 24% p value<0.1), anemia (16% vs. 8%; p value <0.1), seizure (10% vs. 8%; p value <0.1), meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) (6% vs. 18%; p value<0.1) and intrauterine growth retardation(IUGR)(22% vs. 20%; p value <0.5). Similarly mortality was found to be more in neonates of adolescent mothers (14% vs. 8%; p value <0.1).Conclusion: Adolescent pregnant mothers are at risk of having poor neonatal outcome and morbidities like NNS, NNJ, RDS, apnea, IUGR, birth asphyxia, anemia and seizure. JNGMC, Vol. 14 No. 2 December 2016, Page: 56-59
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Gautam, Kamal. "Child Marriage in Nepal: Stakeholders’ Perspective." Journal of Health Promotion 7 (September 6, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jhp.v7i0.25489.
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This study is about child marriage in Nepal from stakeholder’s perspective. It includes school going girls, women, teachers, health post staffs and local politicians as stakeholders and intends to find the situation, effects and perfectives of stakeholders on child marriage in Nepalese context. It comprises both qualitative and quantitative aspects followed by interview schedule and FGDs as tools. Fathers, relatives and friends were responsible for the incidence of early marriage in study site. Regarding effects, problems to become self dependent and deprivation of opportunity are the major effects that respondents had to face in their life. Workload in the families seems another effect to be faced followed by health problems to be experienced. Bleeding during pregnancy, low count of RBC, weakness, postpartum complications were seen in mothers during and after child births. Teenage mothers being more likely to experience complications during pregnancy and less likely to be emotionally, physically and psychologically prepared to deal with pregnancy related challenges, which often leads to maternal illness and consequently death was seen as the main conclusion of this study.
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Rana, Sadikchya Singh. "Effect of maternal age on fetal weight." Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital 10, no. 2 (July 16, 2012): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/mjsbh.v10i2.6457.
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Introduction: Teenage childbearing is linked to a host of negative social, economic and medical consequences for both mother and child. Maternal mortality among girls under 18 years is two to five times higher than that of women in their 20s. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between maternal age on fetal weight. Method: It was a prospective, hospital based study, carried out in 491 primigravidas with fullterm singleton pregnancy. The study population was divided into two groups, women who were 19 and less than 19 years of age and women who were more than 19 years of age. Fetal weight as the outcome variable was compared between these groups. Results: The age of the mother ranged from 16 to 37 years. 24.8% women in the study population were <19 years of age. Although the difference was not clinically significant (p=0.51), 1/3rd of the mothers who were <19 had low birth weight. Conclusion: the relation of low birth weight and young maternal age could not be proven in this study. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/mjsbh.v10i2.6457 Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital July-Dec 2011 10(2) 15-17
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Laurenti, Ruy, Maria Helena Prado de Mello Jorge, Sabina Léa Davidson Gotlieb, Bruno Zoca de Oliveira, and Elaine Cristina Pimentel. "The study of the mother-child binomium: description and general results." Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia 18, no. 2 (June 2015): 398–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-5497201500020009.
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OBJECTIVE: The present study investigated the characteristics of women during pregnancy/immediate postpartum cycles and the product of their pregnancy. METHOD: Data collection was conducted for a period of three months in 2011, in six maternity hospitals in the State of São Paulo. The data were obtained in an interview with the women after the end of the pregnancy and collected from hospital records. The sample included 7,058 women hospitalized for abortion or childbirth in five hospitals from SUS (Unified Health System) and from only one hospital for private health insurance patients and their 6,602 conceptuses (live births and stillborns). Statistical analysis was based on χ2 tests, with a significance level of α = 5%. RESULTS: It was observed that 6,530 women gave birth and 528 showed interruption of pregnancy. Regarding age, 1,448 were teenagers (20.5%). There were no deaths during hospitalization and 99.8% of women received a medical discharge. Maternal morbidity in the current pregnancy was analyzed, showing urinary tract infection, anemia and excessive vomiting as the main problems. The rate of cesarean sections accounted for 31.1% and complications in childbirth and postpartum were shown, respectively, by 834 (12.8%) and 265 (4.1%) women. The characteristics of the conceptuses were also studied: gestation length (9.3% of preterm among live births, and 68% among the stillborn); birth weight (underweight in 8.2% among live births, and 66% among the stillborn) and morbidity, measured by congenital anomalies and other diseases; these diseases were responsible for ICU stay, transfers to better-equipped hospitals (10 cases) and 37 deaths. Thirteen live births were still hospitalized at the end of the investigation.
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Ratsiatosika, Tanjona A., Marie Valerie Rajaonarivony, Romuald Randriamahavonjy, Lantonirina Rainibarijaona, Jean Eustache Fanomezantsoa, Martial Rakotonirina, and Pierana Gabriel Randaoharison. "Obstetrical and neonatal prognosis of a teenage primiparous pregnancy at the Zafisaona Gabriel Majunga university hospital center." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 9, no. 12 (November 26, 2020): 4806. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20205213.
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Background: Women's fertility is early and high in Madagascar. Through this study, want to know the obstetric and neonatal risks in teenage primiparous pregnancies.Methods: Carried out a retrospective comparative study of teenage primiparous pregnancies who gave birth beyond 22 weeks of amenorrhea (SA) at the Zafisaona Gabriel Mahajanga university hospital between the period from January 1 to March 31, 2015. The control group is made up of first-time mothers aged 20 to 35 who gave birth in the same center.Results: The mean age of the patients was 16.77±1.12 years. In 43.1% of cases, the pregnancy was poorly followed. 22.41% of new-borns to adolescent mothers were hypotrophic at birth. Teenage primiparous pregnancies had a risk of poor pregnancy monitoring compared to their elders (RR: 2.17, 95% CI [1.35-3.47]) and a risk of giving birth to a low birth weight child (RR: 2.1, 95% CI [1.05-4.44]). The risk of preeclampsia, death in utero, caesarean section, instrumental extraction was identical between the two groups. Regarding the outcome of newborns, the frequency of premature birth, early neonatal infection, neonatal asphyxia, early neonatal death was not significant.Conclusions: Apart from fetal hypotrophy, adolescent girls have the same maternal, fetal and neonatal prognosis as their elders.
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Gatbonton, Ryan Ray G. "Educational Experiences of Adolescent Mothers while Studying College in the Philippines." IAFOR Journal of Education 9, no. 1 (February 19, 2021): 41–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22492/ije.9.1.03.
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Adolescent pregnancy is a significant societal issue that results in lost opportunities for teenage girls in both developed and developing countries. This phenomenological research study explored the lived experience of adolescent mothers during their college years. Eight participants were asked, via unstructured interview, to share their experiences as college students in the midst of pregnancy. Data was analyzed using Collaizi’s method, while member checks and expert audits of interview outputs were done to ensure trustworthiness. Results show that the participants went through several stages in their plight: they faced the complexities of adolescent pregnancy alongside college education; dealt with life and educational conflicts; appreciated the importance of education; found the resolve to carry on for their child; and dreamt of a better future for their families. These findings were clustered into themes and related to Parson’s Adaptation, Goal Attainment, Integration, and Latency theory, as adolescent pregnancy paved the way for teenagers to assimilate society’s expectations of responsible adulthood. Consistent with academic literature, the participants’ experiences show that adolescent mothers are vulnerable in the education setting, and need proper guidance to achieve their full potential. This research can serve as groundwork for initiating several educational reforms. A multicomponent intervention program was developed that is rooted in school and community partnerships.
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Tabiolo, Andro T. "Lovemaking: Sex Before Marriage (Perception Towards Premarital Sex)." Proceedings Journal of Interdisciplinary Research 3 (October 29, 2016): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21016/irrc.2016.au30wf059o.
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Adolescent pregnancy is becoming a matter of increasing concern. Johnson, (1972) revealed that pregnancy in the adolescent is the largest single reason why female students drop out of secondary schools. Early pregnancy and parenthood are established indicators of high-risk status for both mother and child with regard to future health problems, poverty, and child abuse and neglect. Premarital sex is a huge problem in society today; the numbers are staggering. Teens everywhere are not waiting until they are married to have sex. Teens are less developed emotionally and physically before having sex, and they are not prepared for the serious problems that come along with their decision to have sex. There are always consequences when a teenager chooses to have sex. Teens who engage in premarital sex are more likely to suffer negatively from long-term physical, emotional, social, and moral effects, than teens that choose to wait. The study was conducted to determine the perception of high school students in the District of Buruanga on premarital sex. Specifically, it attempted to determine the respondents’ perception of premarital sex and identified the source of information about sex. The survey questionnaire was administered to 80 respondents to examine their perception of pre-marital sex. The study revealed that respondents conveyed on a disagreed perception towards pre-marital sex; that there is no significant difference in the respondents’ insight on the practice of premarital sex as grouped according to sex. It shows that, the high school students in the District of Buruanga disagreed on the practice of premarital sex; that, mass media (television, internet, social networks), books and friends were the respondents’ main source information about sex. Young people should be informed in order that teenage pregnancies, early or untimely experience of motherhood or fatherhood could be avoided.
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Deshpande, Himani, and Leena Ragha. "Mother’s Lifestyle Feature Relevance for NICU and Preterm Birth Prediction." ITM Web of Conferences 40 (2021): 03039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20214003039.
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Maternal health plays an important role in defining the health of mother, child and childbirth experience. With the change in lifestyle over the decades, there have been many health challenges faced by woman, which makes it important for women to understand the impact of their lifestyle and physical health features on their wellbeing. In this study, we have realised the importance of mother’s features with respect to preterm childbirth prediction and prediction for neonatal intensive care unit(NICU) facility requirement for newborn. Experiments are performed on MSF dataset which consists of records of 1000 women, 21 physical features and 78 lifestyle features are taken into consideration. Random forest based hybrid model using F-score and Mutual information is used to evaluate each features for their capability of True positive(TP) and False Negative(FN) predictions. For preterm birth prediction, out of all the features hypertension, diabetes, PCOS and consumption of outside food during teenage are found to be the most relevant features. While for NICU prediction diabetes, low amniotic fluid during pregnancy, exposure to air and noise pollution during teenage and consumption of alcohol after marriage are found to be relevant.
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Pun, K. D., and M. Chauhan. "Outcomes Of Adolescent Pregnancy at Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Kavre." Kathmandu University Medical Journal 9, no. 1 (June 7, 2012): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v9i1.6263.
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Background Adolescence Pregnancy is a social problem worldwide with serious implication of maternal and child health. This study purposed to compare the maternal and neonatal outcome of the teenage mothers (15- 19 years) with that of the young mothers (20-24 years) to determine if adolescent pregnancies have increased risk of adverse outcomes. Objectives This st udy aims to find out the outcomes of adolescent pregnancy at Kathmandu Univeristy Hospital, Dhulikhel Hospital, KAvre. Methods Descriptive cross sectional study was done. The study included all primiparous mothers of age 15-19 (n=168) and 20-24 (n=401) recorded in the delivery record book of Dhulikhel Hospital from June 2007 to May 2008. Chi-square test and relative risk (RR) for subgroups of study population was examined using the SPSS version 10.0. Results The low birth weight baby among teenage mothers and young mothers were 28% and 26.7% respectively (p=0.572). The Relative risk of low birth weight among adolescent is 1.1 (0.75-1.684) times to that of young mothers at 95% confidence interval. Preterm birth was not associated with adolescence pregnancy (7% Vs. 11.5%, p=0.141). Normal delivery was the common mode of delivery among both groups (77.4% Vs. 74.6%). Among the neonatal complication, newborns of adolescents had greater neonatal complications than newborns of the young mothers (17.2% Vs 16.7%). Maternal complication like antepartum hemorrhage (2.4% Vs. 1.7%) and postpartum hemorrhage (0.6% Vs. 0.2%) was higher among adolescents. ConclusionsLow birth weight, common neonatal complication, antepartum hemorrhage and postpartum hemorrhage are found more in adolescent group, however statistically insignificant.http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v9i1.6263 Kathmandu Univ Med J 2011;9(1):50-3
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De Genna, Natacha M., Cynthia Larkby, and Marie D. Cornelius. "The Dysregulation Profile Predicts Cannabis Use in the Offspring of Teenage Mothers." ISRN Addiction 2013 (November 11, 2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/659313.
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Background. Offspring of teenage mothers are at greater risk of early drug use. Research has identified a child behavior checklist (CBCL) profile for children with high levels of comorbid behavior problems, the dysregulation profile (DP), as another risk factor for drug use. Method. Teenage girls (12–18 years old; 71% African-American, 29% White) were recruited during pregnancy. Data were collected during pregnancy and when offspring were 6, 10, and 14 years old (). Mothers completed the CBCL when children were at ages 6 and 10, and children who scored 60 or higher on all 3 DP subscales (aggression, anxiety/depression, and attention problems) were categorized as dysregulated. At ages 10 and 14, the offspring (50% male, 50% female) reported on their cannabis use and completed the childhood depression inventory (CDI). Results. DP at age 6 and depressive symptoms at age 14 predicted recent cannabis use in the offspring. There was a significant interaction between race and pubertal timing such that White offspring who matured earlier were at greater risk of recent cannabis use. Conclusions. The results of this study suggest that it may be possible to identify a subset of children at risk of dual diagnosis as early as age 6.
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Pratiwi, Liliek. "Sistematic Review: Relationship between Pregnant Women Weight, Fetal Weight, Age at Pregnancy, Gravida Status with Birth Weight." Jurnal Delima Harapan 7, no. 1 (February 4, 2020): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31935/delima.v7i1.91.
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Background :
A person's nutritional condition is influenced by her nutritional status during the womb. In other words, the nutritional status of pregnant women is very influential on their own health and as a predictor of pregnancy outcomes for mothers and nutritional status of newborns (Senbanjo et al, 2013). This is due to fetal food intake can be through the umbilical cord that is connected to the mother's body (Indreswari et al, 2008).
Various maternal and child health efforts are carried out to reduce mortality. One of them is obstructed fetal growth which must be known while still in utero so that the clinician can be more stringent in monitoring and planning the delivery method to reduce the risk of perinatal death.
The increase in maternal weight during pregnancy is directly related to the weight of the baby and the risk of giving birth to low birth weight increases with a lack of weight gain during pregnancy. This shows a significant relationship between the increase in body weight of pregnant women and the weight of the baby born. (handayani, 2013). From several studies, it is still not known what factors most influence the birth weight of the baby, so in this study sistematic review was carried out as a strong first step for other researchers in developing this research.
Method :
A systematic review through journal reviews of the relationship between maternal weight, fetal weight, age at pregnancy, status of Gravida with birth weight
Result and Discussion :
Based on the analysis of the article it was found that the relationship between maternal weight, fetal weight, gestational age, gravida status and birth weight.
Several studies have reported an increased risk of low birth weight (LBW) among offspring (generally defined as women <20 years). The number of births for women 35 years and over is increasing in both high-income countries and middle-income countries. Several mechanisms have been suggested to explain this. Biological mechanisms for increasing infant birth Low birth weight (LBW) in teenage mothers <20 years can be explained as follows. Blood circulation to the cervix and also to the uterus in adolescents is still not perfect so this can interfere with the process of channeling nutrients from the mother to the fetus she contains. Nutrition of pregnant adolescents also plays a role because adolescents still need nutrients to be shared with the fetus they contain compared to adult pregnant women who do not need nutrients for growth (Johanes, 2009 in Rahardjo et al, 2011).
Teenage mothers are inherently at risk for birth outcomes that are compromised because biological factors are considered. A large US sample shows that unfavorable birth outcomes for adolescent mothers compared to older mothers occur at several levels due to biological factors (Fraser, Brockert, & Ward, 1995; Chen, et al., 2007). However, additional research shows that this difference does not exist among African-American women because of higher average exposure to social and environmental losses compared to whites (Geronimus, 1987; 1996). This explanation shows that unfavorable birth outcomes among teens compared to older mothers are the norm, from which African American mothers deviate as a result of lower socioeconomic status (SES). The role of social loss in understanding the risks of compromised young mothers from birth outcomes is examined, especially those related to the selection of disadvantaged teenagers to give birth to children. Thus, the way the age of young mothers is associated with unfavorable birth outcomes is considered, both cross and in racial / ethnic groups
Conclusion :
This study has not been able to find a relationship between the weight gain of pregnant women on the weight of the baby born. According to assumptions, this happens because there are still other factors that are not yet known exactly where these factors can affect the weight of the baby born.
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Sebaganwa, Alphonse, and Etienne Serupia Semuhoza. "Causes of early motherhood, consequences and prevention strategies: The case of early pregnant teenagers." Rwanda Journal of Social Sciences, Humanities and Business 2, no. 1 (April 4, 2021): 132–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/rjsshb.v2i1.7.
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This paper examined root causes of early pregnant teenagers under 19 years old. We selected 30 young girls from 3 districts of the southern Rwanda, who have been pregnant between 2018, 2019 and 2020. We decided to use "life story telling" methods whose analysis led us to the surprising major findings like the fact that more than 70% of our sample got pregnancy after the school abandon, 80% did not have any or false information on the sexual education and 90% of men pregnancy responsible are under 23 years old and are single. The findings showed also that more than 70% of the samples have no both parents. The findings established that negative influences from peers and environment, care free attitude of parents among others were factors that pre-dispose the girl-child to early motherhood. Also the effects include disruption of academic process, school drop-outs and poor public image. It was therefore, recommended that schools and homes should be more protective and shields the girl-child from negative influences. Education of the girl-child should be free and compulsory to enable teenage mothers go back to school after nursing her baby as many would love to do but for financial constraints The findings showed also that more than 70% of the sample have no both parents.
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Doddihal, Chandrika R., and Sangappa M. Katti. "A prospective study of adolescent pregnancy complications in a rural area of South India." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 5, no. 9 (August 26, 2017): 3939. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20173958.
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Background: Adolescent pregnancy is dangerous for the mother, child and the community and teenage girls are twice as likely to die of pregnancy and childbirth related complications as opposed to older women. Aim was to know the complications of adolescent pregnancies. And to study the socio-demographic profile of adolescent pregnancies.Methods: A total of 144 adolescent pregnant women, aged between 15-19 years were selected for the prospective study. Information on their socio-demographic variables and pregnancy complications was recorded during 3 study visits. The study was carried out at Vantamuri primary health centre-rural field practice area of J. N. medical college Belgaum, India for a period of 1 year.Results: In the current study majority, 66.0% participants were of 18-19 years age and were unemployed. Complications of pregnancy like PIH (4.3% versus 8.5%) and pre-term deliveries (22.4% versus 32.6%) were more seen in late adolescents. However, low birth weight was more in children born to young adolescents (42.6% versus 36.2%). Significant associations were found between age and anemia (p=0.013) and occupation (p=0.040) and socio-economic status (0.028) with mode of delivery.Conclusions: The mean age of participants was 17.8 years and complications like anemia, low birth weight, caesarean section and preterm deliveries varied with age of teens. Thus, periodic IEC activities must be held to improve their health.
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Fernando, Dulitha N., Nalika S. Gunawardena, and Manuj Chrishantha Weerasinghe. "Personal and family attributes of pregnant teenagers: findings from a community-based study in Sri Lanka." International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health 26, no. 1 (February 1, 2014): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijamh-2012-0110.
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Abstract Background: Teenage pregnancies are associated with negative outcomes. Prevention requires understanding them and their families. Objectives: This study aimed to describe personal and family attributes of pregnant teenagers in Sri Lanka. Methods: This was a community-based study in Sri Lanka among 510 pregnant teenagers. Results: Half (50%) of the subjects were 19 years of age at the time of pregnancy. A majority (79.8%) had studied up to grades 6–11. Confidence in decision-making (80.7%) and in refusing unnecessary requests (88.3%) was “excellent” in a majority. Mean age of marriage/co-habiting was 17.6 years. For 31%, marriage/cohabiting was a sudden decision taken jointly with their partner (81.6%) and 83% reported being “legally” married. Substantial proportions of mothers (17.6%) and fathers (13.9%) had not attended school, and 33.1% mothers had worked abroad. Teenagers reported the death of a parent (14.1%), parental separation (10.9%) and being brought up by relatives (20%). Only a few rated strictness of rules/regulations (32.4%), freedom to discuss problems regarding puberty (25.5%), love affairs (12.7%) and sexuality (26.7%) as excellent/good. Of the spouses, 12.9% were <20 years, 71.9% had low education and 98.8% were employed. A majority had “planned” the pregnancy, and for 79.8%, the reason was “husband’s wish to have a baby”. Conclusions: Pregnant teenagers were mostly in their late teens, from poor families and with low formal education. Though teenagers showed confidence in decision-making, the decision to have a pregnancy had mostly been their spouses. Parents and spouses of the teenagers were also young, less educated and poor. There was evidence of poor parenting practices.
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Badell, Martina L., and Michael Lindsay. "Thirty Years Later: Pregnancies in Females Perinatally Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1." AIDS Research and Treatment 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/418630.
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The first cases of mother to child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were described more than two decades ago and since then several thousands more have been reported in western countries. In the early 1980s the majority of perinatally acquired HIV children did not survive beyond childhood. However combined antiretroviral therapy (ART) for perinatally HIV-acquired children has prolonged their survival and in the past 2 decades, many have reached adulthood. As the perinatally HIV-infected females become sexually active, they are in turn at risk for pregnancy and of transmitting HIV infection to their children. A considerable proportion of this population appears to engage in unprotected sexual intercourse leading to teenage pregnancies, STDs, and abnormal cervical cytology despite frequent contact with HIV health care providers and clinics. Currently there is a paucity of data regarding pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in HIV perinatally infected women. As increasing number of pregnancies will occur among this population we must continue to monitor and focus on their reproductive health issues to improve perinatal and long-term maternal outcomes. This paper will summarize our current knowledge about reproductive health issues and identify areas for future inquiry.
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KLERMAN, L. "Risk of poor pregnancy outcomes: Is it higher among multiparous teenage mothers?" Journal of Adolescent Health 38, no. 6 (June 2006): 761–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2005.05.020.
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Falana, Titi Christiana. "BREAST IRONING: A RAPE OF THE GIRL-CHILD’S PERSONALITY INTEGRITY AND SEXUAL AUTONOMY." Social Sciences, Humanities and Education Journal (SHE Journal) 1, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.25273/she.v1i3.7596.
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<p>Breast ironing also known as breast flattening, has been considered as one of the most widespread and systematic violations of the universal human rights to personal integrity and sexual autonomy perpetuated against the girl child. This exhilarating practice which is typically carried out by the girl’s mother on the pretext of protecting the female child from teenage sexual harassment and rape, early pregnancy and dropping out of school is unfortunately done to protect family name. Employing the qualitative research approach and the expository analytic method, this research reveals that this practice has ensuring clinical, psychological and social consequences on the female victim. The paper considers this practice a rape based on the fact that the female victim’s consent is never sought. Natural sense of justice demands that the victim whose personality integrity and right to sexual autonomy was to be defiled and destroyed deserves to give an informed consent. Therefore, the paper concludes that this harmful practice is an abuse because it violently violates the girl child right full sexual autonomy and right to possess natural physiological endowment that adorns a woman. This paper therefore recommends that strict laws and penalties should be promulgated to totally abolish and eradicate this barbaric and horrific mutilation.</p>
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Fanaroff, A., E. Borawski-Clark, and M. Hack. "TEENAGE PREGNANCY AND VERY LOW BIRTHWEIGHT (VLBW, <1.5 kgm): IMPLICATIONS FOR MOTHERS AND NEONATES. † 1565." Pediatric Research 39 (April 1996): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1203/00006450-199604001-01588.
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Mwai, Boniface, Gideon Kikuvi, and Dennis Magu. "SOCIO DEMOGRAPHIC AND SOCIO ECONOMIC FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH ADVERSE BIRTH OUTCOMES AMONG NEONATES IN KAJIADO COUNTY REFERRAL HOSPITAL." Global Journal of Health Sciences 6, no. 1 (March 23, 2021): 10–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.47604/gjhs.1252.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine socio demographic and socio economic factors associated with adverse birth outcomes among neonates in Kajiado County Referral Hospital.
Materials and Methods: Cross sectional study design was used. The study population was women admitted in post-natal ward at Kajiado county Referral Hospital having delivered within 48 hours. Systematic sampling was used to select the women admitted in post-natal ward. A total of 163 study participants were recruited through systematic sampling. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect data from the respondents. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Pearson chi-square test was used to determine the significance of association between each outcome variable and the independent variables. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI were used to estimate the strength of association. The threshold for significance was set at P<0.05 at all levels of analyses. Summary statistic of independent variables was presented using frequency tables, pie charts, percentages and graphs.
Results: The study found out that teenage pregnancy (giving birth at age ≤19 years) was significantly associated with preterm births and low birth weight. Neonates who were born by teenage mothers had higher odds of being preterm and low birth weight than those whose mothers were of higher ages .Neonates born to mothers who were single had higher odds of low birth weight and preterm births compared to those born to married mothers. Neonates whose mothers resided in rural area had higher odds of having low birth weight and preterm birth compared to the urban dwellers.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends that there is need of prevention of teenage pregnancies. This can be achieved by including sexuality and health education in the new competence based curriculum, development of laws with stiffer penalties for punishing those responsible for impregnating teenage girls. The study also recommended the empowerment of girl child through access to education, sensitizing the community against retrogressive cultural practices that lead to early pregnancies such as early marriages.
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Runsewe-Abiodun, Tamramat I., and Sahr F. Bondi. "Teenage pregnancy and implications on child survival amongst mothers attending a clinic in the East-End, Freetown, Sierra Leone." Open Journal of Pediatrics 03, no. 04 (2013): 294–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojped.2013.34053.
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Apoorva, M. Sheeba, Vimala Thomas, and B. Kiranmai. "A cross sectional study on socio-demographic and maternal factors associated with low birth weight babies among institutional deliveries in a tertiary care hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, no. 11 (October 25, 2018): 4901. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20184592.
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Background: Birth weight is an important indicator of new born growth, survival and psychosocial development. Globally, more than 20 million are born with low birth weight (LBW) and the prevalence of low birth weight in India is 20%. The study was conducted to find the proportion of low birth weight and the factors influencing the weight of the baby.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at Gandhi hospital, Telangana from September to November, 2015 using a semi structured questionnaire among 204 postnatal mothers.Results: Out of 204 live births, 26% were found to be low birth weight. About 44.4% LBW babies are born to teenage mothers and 70% among the mothers with height less than 140 cms. Of the pre-term babies, nearly half of the babies (49.3%) were low birth weight. Around 30.3% of LBW was found with an inter-pregnancy interval of <2 years. About 41.2% of the mothers having complications had low birth weight babies.Conclusions: Nearly one fourth of the newborns were low birth weight. Gender of the child, socioeconomic status, education, gestational age, inter pregnancy interval, medical complications were found to affect the birth weight.
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Stamuli, Eugena, Gerry Richardson, Michael Robling, Michelle Edwards, David Torgerson, Kerry Hood, Julia Sanders, and Sarah Ronaldson. "A Discrete-Choice Experiment to capture public preferences on the benefits of home-visiting programme for teenage mothers." F1000Research 9 (July 6, 2020): 677. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.23966.1.
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Background: Complex health and social care interventions impact on a multitude of outcomes. One such intervention is the Family Nurse Partnership (FNP) programme, which was introduced to support young, first-time mothers. Our study quantified the relative values that the general public place on the outcomes of FNP, as they were identified and measured in the relevant randomized trial, Building Blocks trial (BBs). Methods: A discrete choice experiment (DCE) was employed. Respondents chose between two scenarios describing hypothetical sets of trial outcomes. BBs compared FNP care for teenagers expecting their first child with standard NHS care. 14 attributes covered three areas: pregnancy and birth, child development and maternal life course. Due to large number of attributes, a “blocked attributes” approach was adopted: the attributes were split across four designs which contained two common attributes. Data were analysed separately for each design as well as pooled across four designs. Random effects probit model was employed for the analysis. Results: Over 1000 participants completed four designs. The analyses on the separate designs and those on pooled data yielded broadly similar results. Respondents valued higher the outcomes related to child development and their needs, followed by the outcomes related to maternal life course. Preferences varied by the age of the respondents but not by their guardianship/parentship status. Conclusions: Individual preferences were consistent with a priori expectations and were intuitive. The DCE results can be used to incorporate the general public preferences into the decision making process for which public health and social care policies should be adopted.
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Almeida, André Henrique do Vale de, Silvana Granado Nogueira da Gama, Maria Conceição Oliveira Costa, Elaine Fernandes Viellas, Katrini Guidolini Martinelli, and Maria do Carmo Leal. "Economic and racial inequalities in the prenatal care of pregnant teenagers in Brazil, 2011-2012." Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil 19, no. 1 (March 2019): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-93042019000100003.
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Abstract Objectives: to analyze the prenatal care of pregnant teenagers interviewed in the post-partum period in Brazilian maternity hospitals, according to economic status and skin color. Methods: data were obtained from the Birth in Brazil study, a national hospital-based survey in 2011 and 2012. Information was obtained from interviews with the postpartum women and from data collected from their prenatal cards. Multivariate logistic regression was used to verify whether maternal and prenatal care characteristics were associated with ina-dequate prenatal care. Results: a total of 3,317 teenage mothers were interviewed in the postpartum period, 84.4% of whom had received inadequate prenatal care, with worse results for lower-income, lower-schooling, and multiparous teens. In the same way, it became evident the higher proportion of black teenagers and those from economic classes D/E among those who failed to receive routine laboratory tests, who received little orientation on the pregnancy, labor, and childbirth, and who were forced to go from one maternity hospital to another before being admitted to give birth. Conclusions: strategies targeted to the most vulnerable pregnant teenagers should be implemented in order to achieve greater equality in teenagers’ prenatal care, seeking to assure easier access, earlier initiation of care, and greater case-resolution capacity
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Orozco Guillén, Alejandra, Ricardo Velazquez Silva, Bernardo Moguel González, Yubia Guell, Pamela Garciadiego Fossas, Iris Custodio Gómez, Osvaldo Miranda Araujo, Virgilia Soto Abraham, Giorgina Piccoli, and Magdalena Madero. "Acute IgA-Dominant Glomerulonephritis Associated with Syphilis Infection in a Pregnant Teenager: A New Disease Association." Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 1 (January 18, 2019): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8010114.
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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasingly recognized as a risk factor in pregnancy; the differential diagnosis between CKD and preeclampsia (PE) may be of pivotal importance for pregnancy management and for early treatment of CKD. Acknowledging this connection may be useful also in a wider context, such as in the case reported in this paper, which for the first time describes an association between syphilis infection and IgA-dominant glomerulonephritis. A 16-year-old woman, referred to a general hospital due to a seizure, was found to be unknowingly pregnant. Based on hypertension and nephrotic proteinuria, she was initially diagnosed with PE. Immunological tests, as well as hepatitis and HIV tests showed negative results. However, secondary syphilis was diagnosed. In discordance with the PE diagnosis, urinalysis showed glomerular microhematuria with cellular casts. Proteinuria and hypertension did not remit after delivery, which was made via caesarean section, due to uncontrolled hypertension, at an estimated gestational age of 29 weeks. A male baby, weighing 1.1 kg (6.5 centile) was born. The baby was hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit, where he developed subependymal hemorrhage and thrombocytopenia, and neonatal syphilis was diagnosed. The mother underwent a kidney biopsy one week after delivery, leading to the diagnosis of IgA-dominant postinfectious glomerulonephritis. Mother and child were treated with support and antibiotic therapy, and were discharged in good clinical conditions four weeks later. Four months after delivery, the mother was normotensive without therapy, with normal kidney function and without hematuria or proteinuria. In conclusion, this case suggests that IgA-dominant postinfectious glomerulonephritis should be added to the spectrum of syphilis-associated glomerulonephritides, and underlines the need for a careful differential diagnosis with CKD in all cases of presumed PE. While diagnosis relies on kidney biopsy, urinary sediment, a simple and inexpensive test, can be the first step in distinguishing PE from other nephropathies.
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Novita, Regina Vidya Trias, Anastasya Victoria Kamasi, and Lina Dewi Anggrareni. "PENGALAMAN IBU MUDA TERHADAP KELAHIRAN ANAK PERTAMA DI KELURAHAN KALIABANG TENGAH BEKASI UTARA 2017." Jurnal Riset Kesehatan Nasional 4, no. 1 (June 25, 2020): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.37294/jrkn.v4i1.215.
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ABSTRAKLatar belakang: kurangnya pengetahuan dan informasi menjadi salah satu hambatan yang dialami oleh remaja terhadap kesehatan reproduksi remaja. Ketidaksiapan remaja dalam menghadapi perubahan yang terjadi seperti dorongan seks mulai meningkat dan sulit dikendalikan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengeksplor pengalaman kelahiran anak pertama pada ibu muda dengan usia remaja.Metode: metode pada penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pengambilan sampel snowball sampling. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah peneliti sendiri. Informan terdiri dari tujuh orang ibu dengan usia remaja saat pertama kali melahirkan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner semi terstruktur dengan teknik wawancara mendalam dan menggunakan teknik Colaizzi untuk analisa data.Hasil: hasil dari penelitian ini terdapat empat tema, yaitu emosi yang dialami ibu muda saat melahirkan, kendala yang dihadapi, upaya mengatasi kendala, konsekuensi menjadi ibu baru, dan dukungan pada ibu muda. Kendala yang utama dirasakan adalah merawat bayinya ketika sakit dan ketidakmampuan menyusui. Pengetahuan dan dukungan sangat kurang dan ibu muda berusaha mengatasi kendala tersebut dengan meminta bantuan orang yang berpengalaman. Kesimpulan: penting artinya pendampingan dari tenaga kesehatan dan kader posyandu untuk melakukan kunjungan rumah sehingga kendala yang dihadapi mendapatkan solusi yang tepat. Ibu remaja diberikan konseling, informasi, dan edukasi saat kehamilan agar dapat mempersiapkan diri guna menjalankan perannya sebagai ibu baru.Kata kunci: pengalaman, ibu muda, remaja, kehamilan, pertama kali melahirkan ABSTRACTBackground: lack of knowledge and information becomes one of the obstacles experienced by adolescents about adolescent reproductive health. Unpreparedness adolescents to face the changes that occur as sex drive begins to Increase and difficult. This study aimed to explore the experiences of the birth of the first child in adolescent mothers. Methods: this research used a qualitative method with snowball sampling. In this research, the researcher had a role as an instrument. The informants of this research involved seven mothers with teenage age at the first time of giving birth. Data collection was collected by open questioners semi-structured, using in-depth interviews with the Colaizzi technique for the data analysis. Results: results of this study were findings that have four themes, such as the emotions experienced at the first time giving birth, obstacles in caring for babies, the effort was made to cope the obstacles faced by young mothers, the consequences of being a new mother, and support in young mothers. Conclusions: the main obstacle felt was caring for her baby when sick and the inability to breastfeed. Knowledge and support were very lack and young mothers try to overcome these obstacles by asking for the helped of experienced people. Assistance from health workers such as PUSKESMAS and Posyandu cadres must conduct home visits so that the obstacles they encounter are getting the right solution. ConYoung mothers are given counseling, information, and education during pregnancy so they can prepare themselves to carry out their roles as new mothers.Keywords: experiences, young mothers, adolescents, pregnancy, birth of the first child
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Ibiapina, Laís Gama, Inez Sampaio Nery, Silvana Santiago Da Rocha, Lídya Tolstenko Nogueira, Anna Karolina Lages De Araújo, and Anna Katharinne Carreiro Santiago. "ASSISTÊNCIA DE ENFERMAGEM ÀS ADOLESCENTES GESTANTES SOB A ÓTICA DE CALLISTA ROY." Enfermagem em Foco 7, no. 3/4 (February 7, 2017): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21675/2357-707x.2016.v7.n3/4.915.
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Objetivo: refletir o potencial de utilização da Teoria de Adaptação de Callista Roy no cuidado de enfermagem à adolescente gestante. Metodologia: reflexão baseada em revisão da literatura, que relaciona o papel da enfermeira no cuidado à adolescente grávida, evidenciando limitações e possibilidades. Resultados: as ações desempenhadas pelo enfermeiro permitem uma atenção individual e integral, bem como disponibilizam ferramentas para o enfrentamento das experiências da gravidez, parto e maternidade, de modo favorável à saúde do binômio mãe/filho. Conclusão: o referencial teórico de Callista Roy permite visualizar a adolescente como um sistema adaptável, com mecanismos de resistência das respostas condicionadas aos estímulos expostos, facilitando a compreensão do enfermeiro sobre as principais necessidades comprometidas no modo adaptativo de função da vida real e função de papel, pois favorece um melhor entendimento e resolução mais efetiva do cuidado.Descritores: Teoria de Enfermagem. Gravidez na Adolescência. Transtornos de Adaptação. Cuidados de Enfermagem.NURSING CARE TO PREGNANT TEENAGERS UNDER THE OPTICS OF CALLISTA ROY THEORYObjective: to reflect the potencial for use the theory of Callista Roy adaptation nursing care pregnant teen. Methodology: a reflection based on literature review, which relates the role of the nurse in the care the teenager pregnant, showing the limitations and possibilities. Results: the actions performed by the nurse allow individual attention and integral, as well as provide tools for confronting the experiences of pregnancy, childbirth, and motherhood, so favorable to the health of the mother/ child dyad. Conclusion: the theoretical framework of Callista Roy allows you to view the teenager as an adaptive system, with resistance mechanisms of conditioned responses to stimuli exposed, facilitating the understanding of the nurse on the main needs committed Adaptive mode of real-life role and function, since it favors a better understanding and more effective resolution of caution.Descriptors: Nursing Theory; Teenage pregnancy; Adjustment disorders; Nursing care.ATENCIÓN DE ENFERMERÍA A ADOLESCENTES EMBARAZADAS BAJO LA ÓPTICA DE CALISTA ROYObjetivo: reflejar el potencial de uso de la teoría de adaptación de Callista Roy asistencia a adolescentes embarazadas. Metodología: una reflexión basada en la revisión de la literatura, que se refiere el papel de la enfermera en el cuidado de la adolescente embarazada, mostrando las limitaciones y posibilidades. Resultados: las acciones realizadas por la enfermera permite una atención personalizada e integral, así como proporcionar herramientas para enfrentar las experiencias del embarazo, el parto y la maternidad, tan favorable para la salud de la díada madre-hijo. Conclusión: el marco teórico de Callista Roy le permite ver al adolescente como un sistema adaptativo, con mecanismos de resistencia de condicionado las respuestas a los estímulos expuestos, facilitando la comprensión de la enfermera en las principales necesidades confiado modo de adaptación de la vida real rol y función, ya que favorece una mejor comprensión y resolución más eficaz de atención.Descriptores: Teoría de enfermería; Embarazo adolescente; Trastornos de adaptación; Cuidados de enfermería.
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Franco-Ramírez, Julieta Armida, Carlos Enrique Cabrera-Pivaral, Gabriel Zárate-Guerrero, Sergio Alberto Franco-Chávez, María de los Ángeles Covarrubias-Bermúdez, and Marco Antonio Zavala-González. "Structure and content of the maternal representations of Mexican teenagers during their first pregnancy." Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil 19, no. 4 (December 2019): 897–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-93042019000400009.
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Abstract Objectives: understand the structure and content of the maternal representations of Mexican teenagers during their first pregnancy. Methods: a study was carried out with qualitative methodology based on the concept of maternal representation and the theory of social representations with 30 adolescents who attended prenatal control at the Civil Hospital of Guadalajara "Fray Antonio Alcalde", in Jalisco, Mexico. The participants were interviewed with the consent of their tutors. Classical content analysis techniques were used to obtain codes and thematic categories to develop a conceptual map that explains maternal representations. Results: the maternal representation was identified: "Pregnant but reunited, a legitimated bad decision", which was composed of social meanings towards adolescent pregnancy, family dynamics, expectations towards motherhood, and the feelings experienced by the adolescent during the pregnancy. The content of the representations was heterogeneous for most of the identified categories; however, it is identified that the desire for pregnancy guides the expectations of the adolescent about her future way of being as a mother. Conclusions: the desire of women for pregnancy, the level of participation of the couple, and the social meanings of adolescent pregnancy, have an outstanding role in the development of models of maternal representations.