Academic literature on the topic 'Tejido adiposo'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Tejido adiposo.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Tejido adiposo"
Houssay, Solange. "Simposio 10: Tejido adiposo." Revista de la Sociedad Argentina de Diabetes 54, no. 3Sup (November 21, 2020): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.47196/diab.v54i3sup.312.
Full textMora, Julio, and Natalia Bastos. "Tejido adiposo: ¿simple reservorio energético?" Revista Ciencia y Salud: Integrando conocimientos 3, no. 2 (April 29, 2019): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.34192/cienciaysalud.v3i2.13.
Full textBanegas Hernández, Hugo Daniel, Leonardo Flavio Medina Guillen, Mónica Fernanda Medina Guillen, Luis Fernando Montecinos Lemus, Gustavo Jared Quintanilla Ferrufino, and Nereida Aceituno Vidaur. "TEJIDO ADIPOSO Y SU FUNCIÓN ENDOCRINA." Revista Científica de la Escuela Universitaria de las Ciencias de la Salud 6, no. 2 (December 30, 2019): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/rceucs.v6i2.9764.
Full textMoreno Castellanos, Natalia R. "Cambios en el peril proteómico de preadipocitos con diferentes condiciones metabólicas." Revista de la Universidad Industrial de Santander. Salud 51, no. 4 (October 1, 2019): 279–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.18273/revsal.v51n4-2019001.
Full textYañez Rivera, Teresa Guadalupe, Jorge Luis Ble Castillo, Manuel Alfonso Baños García, Manuel Eduardo Torres Hernández, and Carlos García Vázquez. "Tejido adiposo epicárdico: su relación con enfermedades cardiovasculares." HORIZONTE SANITARIO 12, no. 3 (August 8, 2014): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.19136/hs.a12n3.78.
Full textYañez Rivera, Teresa Guadalupe, Jorge Luis Ble Castillo, Manuel Alfonso Baños García, Manuel Eduardo Torres Hernández, and Carlos García Vázquez. "Tejido adiposo epicárdico: su relación con enfermedades cardiovasculares." HORIZONTE SANITARIO 12, no. 3 (August 8, 2014): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.19136/hs.v12i3.78.
Full textVega Joubert, Michelle, María Eugenia Oliva, Maria del Rosario Ferreira, and Maria Eugenia D'Alessandro. "Adiposidad visceral y resistencia insulínica: rol de la AMPK." FABICIB 23 (March 10, 2020): 29–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14409/fabicib.v23i0.8367.
Full textValenzuela B, Alfonso, and Julio Sanhueza C. "El tejido adiposo: algo más que un reservorio de energía." Grasas y Aceites 60, no. 5 (July 24, 2009): 439–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/gya.043209.
Full textDelgado, L., and S. Ingen-Housz-Oro. "Enfermedades del tejido adiposo: lipomas, lipomatosis, lipodistrofias." EMC - Dermatología 46, no. 1 (March 2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1761-2896(12)60830-9.
Full textBonora-Centelles, Ana, José Vicente Castell, and María José Gómez-Lechón. "Células madre del tejido adiposo: plasticidad hepática." Gastroenterología y Hepatología 31, no. 5 (May 2008): 299–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1157/13119884.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Tejido adiposo"
Ortega, Delgado Francisco José. "Mecanismos de regulación del anabolismo lipídico en el tejido adiposo del paciente obeso." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/83713.
Full textLa obesidad es uno de los problemas de salud pública más importante. Los estudios de expresión aplicados a los depósitos de grasa en sujetos obesos han aportado importantes indicios sobre la fisiopatología del tejido adiposo. Los datos recogidos en esta tesis doctoral demuestran que la síntesis de grasa (lipogénesis) está disminuida en el tejido adiposo del paciente obeso, y describen el comportamiento de un nuevo factor lipogénicos. Se demuestra además que el tejido adiposo subcutáneo (situado bajo la piel de las nalgas , muslos y abdomen) está caracterizado por una mayor capacidad de respuesta a las hormonas tiroideas respecto al adiposo visceral (alrededor del epiplón, los intestinos y las áreas perirrenal) y se describe un incremento en la actividad de las enzimas que activan las hormonas tiroideas en el tejido adiposo del paciente obeso y los posibles efectos de esta eventualidad sobre el metabolismo. Según los resultados recopilados en esta tesis doctoral, la activación local de hormonas tiroideas y la capacidad para sintetizar acidos grasos del tejido adiposo del paciente obeso están alteradas, e indican importantes diferencias entre los depósitos de grasa visceral y subcutáneo.
L’obesitat és un dels problemes de salut pública més important. Els estudis d'expressió aplicats als dipòsits de greix en subjectes obesos han aportat importants indicis sobre la fisiopatologia del teixit adipós. Les dades recollides a aquesta tesi doctoral demostren que la síntesis de greix (lipogènesis) està disminuïda al teixit adipós del pacient obès, i descriuen el comportament d'un nou factor lipogènic. Es demostra, a més a més, que el teixit adipós subcutani (situat sota la pell de les natges, cuixes i abdomen) està caracteritzat per una major capacitat de resposta a les hormones tiroidees respecte a l'adipós visceral (al voltant de l’epipló, els intestins i las àrees perirenals) i es descriu un increment en l’activitat dels enzims que activen les hormones tiroidees al teixit adipós del pacient obès i els possibles efectes d'aquesta eventualitat sobre el metabolisme. Segons els resultats recopilats a aquesta tesi doctoral, l’activació local d'hormones tiroidees i la capacitat per sintetitzar greixos del teixit adipós del pacient obès estan alterades, i indiquen importants diferències entre els dipòsits de greix visceral i subcutani.
Béjar, Serrano María Teresa. "Impacto de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular en las células madre de tejido adiposo." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/400210.
Full textCardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Clustering of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF), including diabetes, obesity and dyslipidemia among others, induces a chronic metabolic disturbance with implications in diverse cells and organ function. Adipose tissue is considered a dynamic endocrine organ playing a central role in homeostasis. Moreover, it is a source of adult multipotent stem cells known as adipose-derived stem cells (ASC). Due to their properties, ASC are potential candidates in regenerative medicine. However, the role of ASC in cardiovascular disease development and the impact of CVRF on their functionality is poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed the phenotype and function of ASC from an animal model clustering CVRF. Intrinsic differences related to differentiation potential were found in ASC from different fat depots, which were increased in presence of CVRF. These differences could contribute to the reduced expansion capacity of the visceral adipose tissue and its associated cardiometabolic risk. The presence of CVRF had a negative impact on the angiogenic properties of subcutaneous and epicardial ASC. A reduced ability to stimulate vessel formation limits autologous cell therapy in diabetic and obese patients, but could also be involved in the vascular problems associated to CVRF. We described Notch signaling pathway as a key regulator of the differentiation potential of ASCs from the different fat depots, and its activation was found altered by CVRF. Additionally, our results showed that the bone marrow from donors with CVRF increased the pro-atherogenic phenotype in healthy recipients, which could explain the high cardiovascular risk of patients undergoing bone marrow transplant. Finally, we characterized for the first time the ASC derived from human coronary perivascular adipose tissue. We described a novel cross-talk between ASC and vascular smooth muscle cells involving angiogenic and proliferative processes, regulated by a mechanism in part mediated by TF expression in ASC. Therefore, the results of this study demonstrate a significant impact of the presence of CVRF in the functional properties of ASC from different adipose depots, and provide evidence of a potential role of these cells in modulating angiogenic processes during cardiovascular disease development.
Pujol, Holgado María Esperanza. "Efectos del género, la localización anatómica del tejido y la situación hormonal sobre la capacidad lipolítica del tejido adiposo blanco." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/9379.
Full textThe general aim of this thesis was to study the effects of gender, anatomical tissue location and the physiological or hormonal status on WAT lipolytic capacity. In control rats, the lipolytic capacity is higher in gonadal (visceral) than in inguinal WAT (subcutaneous). Pregnancy leads to a decrease in the levels of the different elements of the lipolytic pathway in WAT, although with some differences between the depots, which could determine their role during pregnancy. In conclusion, the results reported in this thesis establish the existence of clear differences in WAT lipolytic capacity between fat depots from different anatomical locations, as well as between genders, both in a control situation and in response to overfeeding, and in pregnancy; differences in which the hormonal milieu could play a key role.
Mendoza, Domínguez Daniela Itzel. "Asociación entre consumo de edulcorantes no calóricos e inflamación en tejido adiposo." Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/109778.
Full textLa obesidad aumenta el riesgo de desarrollar otros padecimientos crónico-degenerativos como son: diabetes mellitus tipo II, hipertensión arterial sistémica y enfermedad coronaria. La acumulación de tejido adiposo en la obesidad está caracterizado por hiperplasia e hipertrofia de los adipocitos, aumento de la vascularidad, infiltración de macrófagos pro-inflamatorios y producción y liberación de factores pro-inflamatorios; razón por la cual la obesidad se considera un estado de inflamación crónica La importancia de este trabajo radica en poder evaluar la información existente acerca de la inflamación producida específicamente en el tejido adiposo tras la ingesta de edulcorantes no calóricos ya que esta práctica es cada vez más frecuente pero no se han descrito en su totalidad los efectos metabólicos en el tejido adiposo y la relevancia de su papel en la obesidad como estado de inflamación crónica.
N/A
Pereira, Covarrubias Nicolás Felipe. "Efectos de diferentes medios de criopreservación sobre la viabilidad de las células adherentes de la fracción vascular estromal derivadas del tejido adiposo : |b ¿cuál es el mejor medio crioprotector?" Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/170928.
Full textEl tejido adiposo cumple distintas funciones tales como protección mecánica, reserva de energía, función endocrina, etc. Durante los últimos años se ha documentado su uso como fuente abundante y accesible de células estromales multipotenciales para medicina regenerativa. Actualmente, el protocolo estandarizado comprende el procesamiento del tejido adiposo con una digestión enzimática (colagenasa) para posteriormente rescatar la fracción vascular estromal (SVF). Ésta se siembra en una matriz de plástico apta para cultivos celulares, obteniéndose un subgrupo de células elongadas que comienzan a adherirse a la placa de cultivo (SVF-AC), permitiendo la aparición de una población celular adherente denominada “células estromales derivadas del tejido adiposo”. Diversos estudios han demostrado que éstas mantienen su capacidad de diferenciación en múltiples tipos celulares (endo, meso y ectodérmico), siendo candidatas adecuadas para muchas aplicaciones en medicina regenerativa e ingeniería de tejidos. Sin embargo, una de las limitantes para la aplicación clínica de estas células, es contar con una masa celular critica que permita un adecuado tratamiento. Ante ello, surge la interrogante de cómo criopreservarlas, manteniendo a su vez, la viabilidad y el potencial de diferenciación luego de un ciclo de congelación. El uso de compuestos que tengan propiedades criopreservantes ha mostrado ser un prerrequisito para el éxito de un proceso de congelación. Idealmente, un medio para criopreservar SVF-AC debe tener una baja toxicidad y lograr una alta viabilidad celular sin disminuir el potencial de diferenciación. En nuestro laboratorio, luego de criopreservar SVF-AC utilizando dimetilsulfóxido (DMSO) 10%, no logramos obtener tasas de viabilidad descritas en la literatura. Nuestra hipótesis es que una combinación de un medio basal (medio DMEM/F12 con rojo fenol) suplementado con DMSO, trehalosa y albúmina humana puede mejorar significativamente las tasas de recuperación celular post criopreservación, en comparación con medios que utilizan sólo DMSO. En el presente trabajo, medimos la tasa de viabilidad celular post criopreservación de SVF-AC obtenidas de 5 pacientes utilizando medios definidos y libres de suero bovino: DMSO 10%; DMSO 10% + Trehalosa 7,6%; DMSO 10% + Albúmina humana 10% y DMSO 10% + Trehalosa 7,6% + Albúmina humana 10%; mediante ensayo metabólico midiendo absorbancia (MTT) e indeminidad de membranas cuantificado por citometría de flujo con ioduro de propidio (PI). Los resultados obtenidos nos demuestran que no existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas en las tasas de viabilidad de SVF-AC posterior a un ciclo de criopreservación a diferentes niveles, desde el punto de vista metabólico con el ensayo de MTT, y a nivel de estructura de membrana por marcación de PI por citometría de flujo. Sin embargo, se observa una tendencia a mejorar la tasa de recuperación de células vitales al agregar albúmina humana. Por otro lado no se lograron obtener tasas de viabilidad tan altas como las reportadas por otros autores. Se discuten las posibles causas y se proponen alternativas para estudiarlas. En conclusión, podemos decir que no existe ninguna condición estudiada que sea superior a las demás en cuanto a rendimiento. Es así como en respuesta a la hipótesis de trabajo podemos afirmar que la criopreservación de las SVF-AC en un medio que combine DMEM/F12 con DMSO 10% + Trehalosa 7,6% + Albúmina humana 10% no logra una tasa de recuperación de células vitales significativamente mayor que aquellas congeladas sólo con DMSO 10%.
Adipose tissue has different functions such as mechanical protection, energy reserve, endocrine function, etc. In recent years has been documented it use as abundant and accessible source of multipotent stromal cells for regenerative medicine. Currently, a standardized protocol comprises processing adipose tissue with enzymatic digestion (collagenase) and then rescue the stromal vascular fraction (SVF). This is sown in a plastic matrix suitable for cell cultures to yield a subset of elongated cells to adhere to the culture plate (SVF-AC), allowing the appearance of an adherent cell population called "stromal cells derived from adipose tissue". Several studies have shown that they maintain their ability to differentiate into multiple cell types (endo, meso and ectodermal), being suitable candidates for many applications in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. However, one of the limitations for the clinical application of these cells is to have a critical cell number to provide an adequate treatment. In response, the question is how to cryopreservate them, while maintaining the viability and differentiation potential after a freeze cycle. Use of compounds with cryoprotective properties have shown to be a prerequisite for the success of a freezing process. Ideally, a cryoprotectant for SVF-AC must have low toxicity and achieve high cell viability without decreasing the differentiation potential. In our laboratory, after SVF-AC cryopreservation using 10% dimethyl-sulfoxide (DMSO) it is unable for us to obtain the viability rates reported in the literature. Our hypothesis is that a combination of a basal medium (DMEM / F12 medium with phenol red) supplemented with DMSO, trehalose and human albumin, can significantly improve cell recovery rates after cryopreservation compared to using only DMSO. In this study, we measured the rate of cell viability after cryopreservation of SVF-AC obtained from 5 patients using a defined and serum-free medium: 10% DMSO; 10% DMSO + 7.6% Trehalose; 10% DMSO + 10% human albumin and 10% DMSO + 7.6% Trehalose + 10% human albumin; by measuring absorbance with a metabolic assay (MTT) and membrane indemnity quantified by flow cytometry with propidium iodide (PI). The results show us that there are no statistically significant differences in rates of SVF-AC viability after a cryopreservation cycle at different levels, from a metabolic point of view with the MTT assay, and membrane structure level with IP by flow cytometry. However, a tendency is observed to improve the recovery rate of vital cells by adding human albumin. On the other hand we could not get viability rates as high as those reported by other authors. Possible causes are discussed and proposed alternatives for study. In conclusion, we can say that there were not a studied condition better than others in terms of efficiency. Thus, in response to the working hypothesis we can say that the cryopreservation of the SVF-AC in a medium that combines DMEM / F12 with 10% DMSO + 7.6% Trehalose + 10% human albumin fails in obtaining a significantly higher recovery rate of vital cells than those frozen with only 10% DMSO.
Musri, Melina Mara. "Expresión de adiponectina y sus receptores en tejido adiposo. Regulación epigenética en la adipogénesis." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/882.
Full textEn el primer trabajo se demostró que la expresión de adipoR1 en IAAT no estuvo alterada en obesidad ni diabetes en tejido adiposo intraabdominal humano y se correlacionó con los niveles plasmáticos de FFA, mientras que la expresión de adipoR2 en IAAT se encontró disminuida en obesidad y diabetes en tejido adiposo intraabdominal humano y se asoció con componentes metabólicos implicados en el desarrollo de la enfermedad cardiovascular en la obesidad.
Dada la importancia de la expresión de adiponectina y sus receptores, así como también de otras adipocitoquinassecretadas por el adipocito maduro en la patogenia de la obesidad y la diabetes, entender los mecanismos epigenéticos de la activación transcripcional en la diferenciación fue el objetivo de nuestro segundo estudio. Para esto examinamos las modificaciones pos-traduccionales de la histona H3 en los promotores de genes adipogénicos claves tanto de expresión temprana como tardía durante todo el proceso de la adipogenesis.
Mediante el uso de la técnica de inmunoprecipitación de cromatina (ChIP), realizados en células 3T3-L1 en diversos días durante el proceso de diferenciación adipocitaria, demostramos que los promotores de adiponectina, glut4, gpd1 y leptina están enriquecidos en dimetilación de H3-K4 en el día 0 de diferenciación (D0), cuando ninguno de estos genes está aún expresado. Un estudio detallado del locus de adiponectina reveló que la dimetilación de H3K4 en estas células indiferenciadas está limitada en la región promotora, donde se encontró además asociada con ocupación de la RNA pol II. El inicio de la transcripción de adiponectina, coincide con la hiperacetilación de H3 (D3-4) y con la trimetilación de H3K4 en la región promotora de la misma (D2-3). Este mismo patrón de modificación de histonas se observó en células primarias de ratón pero no en fibroblastos de ratón 10T/2, que aún no está comprometida hacia la línea adipogénica. La inhibición parcial de la dimetilación en H3K4 mediante el tratamiento con el inhibidor resultó en una disminución de la expresión de apM1, así como también en una disminución en la adipogénesis, detectada por una disminución en la incorporación de lípidos.
En resumen, el segundo trabajo de esta tesis, muestra que la dimetilación en H3K4 y el reclutamiento de la RNA polII en los promotores de genes adipogénicos claves son marcas distinguibles de células que están determinadas y se han comprometido hacia la línea celular adipogénica. Estas mismas marcas, están ausentes en las mismas regiones de los promotores, en células pluripotenciales que representan un paso previo en el proceso de diferenciación desde células totipotenciales a adipocitos maduros y en los promotores de genes que se encuentran silenciados y no se expresan en células determinadas hacia la línea adipogénica (3T3-L1). En adipocitos diferenciados, la transcripción activa de estos genes es acompañada por hiperacetilación en H3, di y trimetilación en H3K4, así como también la extensión de estas modificaciones hacia las regiones codificantes del gen. La dimetilación en H3K4 es necesaria para la expresión génica de adiponectina, así como también para el desarrollo de una normal diferenciación adipocitaria. No obstante, son necesarios más estudios para dilucidar cuales son los factores de transcripción y cofactores necesarios en el establecimiento de dicho patrón.
Silva, Vergara Claudio Andrés. "Seguridad oncológica de los injertos de tejido adiposo en procedimientos de reconstrucción mamaria oncológica." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/457853.
Full textThe autologous fat graft or lipofilling technique revolutionized the management of tissue losses and now is widely used in plastic surgery for breast reconstruction. However, concerns have been raised regarding the potential oncologic risks of these procedures. Cells could express protumorigenic factors; stem cells transform within the graft or even this new tissue could compromise our ability to detect breast disease. A number of new techniques of fat preparation have been described with the ultimate goal of improving adipocyte purification and stem cell selection. Inevitably, the intentional placement of regenerating tissue at the site of a previous tumor bed raises questions regarding the possibility of promoting a cancer recurrence. In experimental studies, adipocytes and white adipose tissue progenitors are able to produce different growth factors involved in tumorigenesis. They could act on cancer cell cycle through autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine secretions promoting tumor progression. In this current dilemma between improving patients' quality of life and the arising evidence that fat graft might have cooperative roles in breast cancer progression, we designed a clinical study to analyze the oncologic outcome of lipofilling procedures in breast cancer patients. In the first paper of this thesis, an exhaustive review of all patients who underwent lipofilling technique for breast reconstruction at Hospital Clinic of Barcelona since January 2007 to December 2014, were analyzed for oncological findings, lipofilling technique issues and its complications. We reviewed 319 lipofilling procedures from 195 patients. They underwent a mean of 1.6 lipofilling sessions (range, 1-6). Lipofilling was performed under outpatient surgery in majority of the cases, otherwise, inpatients surgery were usually associated with other procedures. We observed 26 complications from 319 procedures (8.2%). The most common complication was liponecrosis and oil cyst. Regarding oncological results; 4 local, 2 regional and 4 metastases were observed as first oncological event of relapse during a mean follow-up from oncologic surgery of 74 months, and the locoregional recurrence rate was 1.08% per year. On the second paper, we use a matched control group to analyze whether lipofilling procedures have any influence over recurrence in patients who underwent breast cancer surgery. Between January of 2007 and December of 2015, 315 breast lipofilling procedures from 205 breast cancer patients treated with fat grafting for breast cancer reconstructions were included. They were matched with 2 randomly selected patients with breast cancer who underwent surgery treatment but did not undergo any lipofilling procedures for 6 variables: date of primary cancer operation (within 3 years), age (within 5 years), type of cancer surgery, histopathology, lymphatic involvement, and estrogen receptor status. In a follow-up of 88.7 months, no relapse or mortality differences were found between the lipofilling and control groups. Moreover, no differences were observed when histological features or types of surgery were considered. The total recurrences for the lipofilling and control groups were 14 (6.8%) and 32 (7.8%) patients, respectively, leading to comparable cumulative incidence curves. We observed a cumulative locoregional incidence of 7 lipofilling patients (3.4%) and 16 control group patients (3.9%) during the follow-up time. No statistically significant difference was detected in the univariate analysis (p = 0.525), and at the multivariate analysis, lipofilling was not influenced by other variables. However, we found a significant increase in locoregional incidence when the first lipofilling procedure was performed within the first 3 years after cancer surgery and we detected inflammatory breast recurrences in 2 of the 7-locoregional recurrences of lipofilling patients, what it could be seen as an extremely high incident for this aggressive type of relapse.
Lambert, Goitia Carmen. "Intervenciones nutricionales en la prevención cardiovascular y efectos de los factores de riesgo en el tejido adiposo." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668398.
Full textIn this thesis we have analyzed the use of nutritional interventions to prevent and reduce the appearance of different cardiovascular risk factors. Thus, we have shown that the substitution of sucrose from diets with a natural sweetener based on Pinitol, helps to improve glycemic metabolism, as well as insulin secretion in patients with glucose intolerance. In addition, we have seen that the introduction in the diet of a drink rich in omega-3 fatty acids, helps to improve the lipid metabolism of overweight volunteers, while if we incorporate a drink with phytosterols, we help not only reduce cholesterol levels, but we favor the reduction of the pro-inflammatory state characteristic of obesity. In addition, taking into account that obesity is characterized by the accumulation of fat in different locations of the organism, in this thesis we have also analyzed the composition of adipose tissue, and its role in cardiovascular pathology. The accumulation of visceral adipose tissue has been associated with a more harmful effect for the organism than subcutaneous, and in this thesis we show that it is a fat deposit much richer in oxidation, coagulation, angiogenic and inflammation proteins than subcutaneous fat, whereas the angiogenic pathway is enhanced in the subcutaneous fat. In addition, in this thesis we demonstrate for the first time the presence of stem cells in cardiac adipose tissue, analyzing their properties based on their location. We show that the perivascular ASC, which are closer to the coronary artery, have a greater angiogenic potential than the myocardium ASC, being altered in the presence of comorbidities in the donor. Finally, in this thesis we expose the importance of extracellular particles (microvesicles and exosomes) secreted to the environment by ASCs, which produce an increase in the speed of migration of HMEC-1 endothelial cells, becoming an emerging therapy in the field of regenerative medicine. In summary, in this thesis we analyze the importance of controlling and reducing the different cardiovascular risk factors, and how these risk factors affect the composition and functioning of adipose tissue, depending on the location in which this tissue accumulates. In addition, we propose the introduction of exosomes and microvesicles as a replacement for stem cells in the field of regenerative medicine
Rodríguez, García Mª Ángeles. "Papel del colágeno VI en la homeostasis del músculo esquelético y tejido adiposo: implicaciones en la patofisiología de las distrofias musculares." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/398992.
Full textCollagen VI is an extracellular matrix protein whose defects lead to a range of musculoskeletal conditions. Post-translational modification of collagen VI results in the cleavage and release of a carboxyterminal soluble fragment named endotrophin (ETP). Collagen VI is highly expressed in the two major tissues regulating glycemia, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. COL6A3 mRNA levels in adipose tissue have been associated with obesity and insulin resistance and its expression is regulated by glucose levels, PPAR-γ agonists and leptin. In mice, ETP over-expression contributes to fibrosis, inflammation of adipose tissue and insulin resistance. In line with this, the lack of collagen VI in obese mice improves insulin resistance. Despite these evidences a signaling role for collagen VI in glucose homeostasis and its implications in the context of collagen VI deficiency in humans have not been investigated. Human and murine skeletal muscle and adipose cell lines treated with collagen VI or ETP were used to investigate the effect of collagen VI in glucose utilization and signaling pathways and genes involved. Same pathways were studied in muscle biopsies from patients with mutations in collagen VI. It was investigated, by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, the amount and distribution of lean mass and adipose tissue in these patients and their correlation with motor function and levels of circulating adipokines. We demonstrated that collagen VI and endotrophin induce, through the action of integrin-linked kinase (ILK), a significant increase in glucose uptake independently of insulin action in muscle cells and adypocites. Furthermore, collagen VI is able of producing changes in expression levels of genes encoding for mitochondrial proteins as well as for GLUT1 in muscle cells. Patients with mutations in collagen VI showed an increase in GLUT1 protein level in skeletal muscle and an increase in circulating of HMW adiponectin level in serum. Finally, we see that the amount of lean mass of these patients is reduced, while suffering a considerable increase of fat mass, which is negatively correlated with functional status and quality of life. In summary, in this study we demonstrate a role for collagen VI and ETP in in vitro glucose uptake regulation and in the regulation of the expression of numerous genes. And finally, we described an alteration in the amount and distribution of adipose and muscle mass in patients with collagen VI related myopathies indicating that the increase in fat mass in these patients contributes to the pathophysiology of the disease.
Méndez, Lara Karen Alejandra. "Nicotinamide effects on adiposity, energy metabolism, inflammation and atherosclerosis in mice." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669348.
Full textBackground and hypothesis Adipose tissue dysfunction is a hallmark of obesity and is frequently associated with distorted metabolic homeostasis, cardiovascular and chronic, low-grade inflammatory diseases. Several recent studies point to pharmacological and/or nutritional health initiatives targeting adipose tissue being a promising approach to obesity prevention. In this regard, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)+ precursors, such as nicotinamide riboside and mononucleotide nicotinamide has been proven beneficial in increasing energy metabolism and preventing body weight gain in vivo. However, neither their favorable anti-obesity impact on disturbed white adipose tissue (WAT) physiology and plasticity nor in alleviating chronic inflammation, which frequently accompanies obesity, was not eventually pursued in any of these studies. In addition to the above-mentioned NAD precursors, nicotinamide (NAM) is also a physiological precursor of NAD+. However, its contribution in boosting energy metabolism and body weight gain still remains elusive. Although a growing body of evidences also supports a role for NAM as an anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory agent both in vitro and in vivo, its potential contribution in preventing atherosclerosis, which is one of the main mechanisms involved in cardiovascular disease in vivo, has not previously been proven yet. Aims The aim of this study was twofold: to investigate the effect of NAM supplementation in (1) preventing weight gain and adiposity; (2) improving features of chronic inflammation in appropriate mouse models of obesity (diet-induced obesity -DIO- mice) and atherosclerosis (i.e., ApoE-deficient mice). Results NAM administration to mice was provided orally via tap water at libitum. Its administration was shown palatable, safe and well tolerated at doses below 1%. NAM supplementation, at the highest dose used (1%) (NAM HD-treated mice), prevented body weight gain, with the latter being mainly and repeatedly accompanied by reduction in fat accumulation in different regional depots, and hepatic steatosis. Mechanistically, such anti-adiposity effect by NAM was mainly accompanied by an [i] increased global energy expenditure, [ii] enhanced promotion of browning in subcutaneous (sc)WAT, as revealed by elevations in the relative mRNA and protein abundance of the uncoupling protein (Ucp)-1, and [iii] elevation of the de novo synthesis of NAD+ and NAD/NADH ratio in scWAT of NAM HD-treated, DIO mice. Notably, the AMP content was significantly elevated in scWAT of NAM HD-treated, DIO mice. Also, the NAD+/NADH ratio was directly related to the AMP/ATP ratio. Overall these data suggested a situation of energy demand in scWAT from NAM HD-treated mice. Concomitantly, the protein abundance of the active (phosphorylated) form of AMP-activated kinase was also elevated in this tissue of NAM HD-treated mice. NAM supplementation also improved the global inflammatory condition and prevented atherosclerosis development in mice. This was revealed by [i] elevations in the circulating concentrations of interleukin (IL-)10 and [ii] up-regulation of relative mRNA of Il10 in both adipose and aortic tissues, which potentially suggested a switch to anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages. This phenotype was accompanied by a commensurate reduction in atherosclerosis development in NAM-treated, ApoE-deficient mice. In addition to improved inflammation, non-HDL of NAM-treated, ApoE-deficient mice were less prone to oxidation than those from untreated mice, being this effect at least partly provided by the intrinsic anti-oxidant action of NAM. Conclusions Dietary supplementation with NAM to mice prevented body weight gain and adiposity by boosting energy expenditure, with this being mainly attributed to induction of browning and energy demand in scWAT. NAM also promoted anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant actions. Its administration increased gene expression Il10 in target tissues, including aorta, and protected against development of atherosclerosis.
Books on the topic "Tejido adiposo"
Albala, Cecilia. Obesidad: Un desafío pendiente. Santiago de Chile: Editorial Universitaria, 2000.
Find full textGarcía, María Nelcy Orozco. Cocultivo de células madre de tejido adiposo y células de Schwann: Influencia en las características y proliferación de las células cultivadas y extraídas de rata. (Spanish Edition). Editorial Académica Española, 2011.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Tejido adiposo"
Vidal-Puig, A. "Alteraciones del tejido adiposo." In Farreras-Rozman. Medicina Interna. Metabolismo y Nutrición. Endocrinología, 41–44. Elsevier, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-84-9022-595-0.00007-7.
Full textLópez Gómez-Carreño, Virginia. "Tejido Adiposo ¿amigo o enemigo?" In Alimentación y cerebro. Ediciones de la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18239/atenea_2021.23.03.
Full textVázquez Román, Victoria. "Desarrollo de un Ciclo de mejora en el Aula en la asignatura de Histología Humana del Grado en Podología." In Ciclos de mejora en el aula. Año 2021 Experiencias de innovación docente de la Universidad de Sevilla, 1393–408. 2021st ed. EDITORIAL UNIVERSIDAD DE SEVILLA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/9788447222865.079.
Full text