To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Telecommunication – Social aspects – Botswana.
Journal articles on the topic 'Telecommunication – Social aspects – Botswana'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Telecommunication – Social aspects – Botswana.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Rukumba, Steven, Prof Mike A. Iravo, and Dr Assumptah Kagiri (PhD). "INFLUENCE OF PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT ON THE PERFORMANCE OF TELECOMMUNICATION INDUSTRY IN KENYA." Human Resource and Leadership Journal 4, no. 1 (March 27, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/hrlj.281.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the influence of performance management on performance of telecommunication industry in KenyaMethodology: This study adopted both descriptive and correlational research designs. The study population was 300 senior management employees in all the four telecommunication firms in Kenya, which include, Safaricom, Airtel, Telkom and Equitel. The study used proportional sampling in selecting the managers from the four telecommunication firms. A sample size of 150 was arrived at using Fisher formula. Primary data was collected using structured questionnaires. Simple and multiple regression models were used to analyze the data using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS version 20). Descriptive and inferential analysis was used to analyze the data.Results: Correlation analysis showed that performance management and the performance of telecommunication industry are positively and significantly associated. Further, regression analysis indicated that performance management has a positive and significant effect on performance of telecommunication industry in Kenya. The hypothesis results indicated that there is a significant relationship between performance management and the performance of telecommunication industry in Kenya.Recommendations: Based on the findings, the study recommended the need for telecommunication firms to strengthen their performance management aspects. These are: enhance employee rating, setting standards for employees, fostering teamwork among personnel, encouraging communication between employees and management and effective planning in the organization. The strengthening of these aspects will result to improved performance in the telecommunication industry.
2
Noor, Ahmad Mahmood Alkhudierat. "The Level of Corporate Social Responsibility Implementation in all Social Responsibility Aspects in Jordan’s Zain Telecommunication Company." Gazdaság és Társadalom 12, no. 4 (2019): 88–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.21637/gt.2019.4.04.
Full textAbstract:
A relatively new concept in the business world, corporate social responsibility (CSR) has resonated widely in the global economy. As well as integrating into the cultures of many organizations, CSR has become an important business strategy component of corporations worldwide. Many large companies in Jordan realize the importance of adopting social responsibility, especially companies that help build society as well as develop and increase productivity by providing distinct programs for small projects, as these contribute to solving problems of unemployment and poverty. This study explores the extent to which Zain Telecom in Jordan covers the three aspects of social responsibility in the same depth and level. The research methodology is qualitative analytical and is based on secondary data such as previous studies and the analysis of Zain’s annual report of social responsibility for 2018. The study concluded that the abovementioned company is significantly concerned with the social and employee aspects of CSR, but pays little attention to environmental aspects. The study made a number of recommendations, including focusing on all dimensions of social responsibility equally.
3
Akinsola, Henry A. "Ethical Issues in Rural Nursing Practice in Botswana." Nursing Ethics 8, no. 4 (July 2001): 340–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096973300100800406.
Full textAbstract:
The concern for ethical principles and values is not limited to health professionals alone. However, ethical principles in nursing act as safety valves for social control to prevent professional misconduct and abuse of the rights of clients. As a result of colonial experience, developing countries like Botswana usually follow the European lead, especially examples from the UK. This article examines the ethical problems and dilemmas associated with rural nursing practice in Botswana, a developing country in sub-Saharan Africa. The major ethical problems identified are related to the distribution of and access to health resources in rural communities. It is proposed that nurses must assume responsibility in the field of access and allocation by working collaboratively with governments and other professional bodies, and that nurses as a global community must work together as a team to support each other.
4
Ermakova, Irina Viktorovna. "Protection of consumer rights from unfair online advertising: certain theoretical and practical aspects." Юридические исследования, no. 7 (July 2021): 29–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-7136.2021.7.35978.
Full textAbstract:
The subject of this research is the legal norms aimed at regulation of relations in the sphere of protection of consumer rights with regards to online advertising, including contextual and targeted advertising, as well as other type advertising distributed over telecommunication networks. The object of this research is the social relations arising in the process of creation, placement, and consumer perception of the aforementioned types of advertising. Special attention is given to the theoretical and practical aspects of protecting the basic consumer rights in the context of distribution of the indicated types of advertising, as well as compliance to the corresponding legislative prescriptions by the advertisers, including prohibition to mislead consumers, requirement to distribute advertising over telecommunication networks after receiving advance consent of the consumer, etc. The article provides the examples of court decisions and decisions of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Russian Federation on consideration of the this category of cases. The novelty of this research consists in outlining the effective approaches of the courts and the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Russian Federation applicable to the essence, concept and relevant issues of legal regulation of online advertising in the context of protection of consumer rights, including controversial aspects of qualification of online advertising in accordance with the criteria of misleading or deception, as well as questions on due processing of consumer consent to distribution of advertising over telecommunication networks. The author makes recommendations for the improvement of corresponding norms of the Federal Law “On Advertising” and the Federal Law “On The Protection of Competition”, namely to stipulate on the legislative level the provisions that qualify advertising as inappropriate if contains potentially misleading or deceptive content, as well as that consent to receive advertising through telecommunication networks should be in a written form and contain the signature of the consumer.
5
Misra, Supriya, Haitisha T. Mehta, Evan L. Eschliman, Shathani Rampa, Ohemaa B. Poku, Wei-Qian Wang, Ari R. Ho-Foster, et al. "Identifying “What Matters Most” to Men in Botswana to Promote Resistance to HIV-Related Stigma." Qualitative Health Research 31, no. 9 (March 25, 2021): 1680–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10497323211001361.
Full textAbstract:
Despite a comprehensive national program of free HIV services, men living with HIV in Botswana participate at lower rates and have worse outcomes than women. Directed content analysis of five focus groups ( n = 38) and 50 in-depth interviews with men and women with known and unknown HIV status in Gaborone, Botswana in 2017 used the “what matters most” (WMM) and “structural vulnerability” frameworks to examine how the most valued cultural aspects of manhood interact with HIV-related stigma. WMM for manhood in Botswana included fulfilling male responsibilities by being a capable provider and maintaining social status. Being identified with HIV threatened WMM, which fear of employment discrimination could further exacerbate. Our findings indicate how cultural and structural forces interact to worsen or mitigate HIV-related stigma for urban men in Botswana. These threats to manhood deter HIV testing and treatment, but interventions could capitalize on cultural capabilities for manhood to promote stigma resistance.
6
Rezghdeh, Keyvan, and Sajjad Shokouhyar. "A six-dimensional model for supply chain sustainability risk analysis in telecommunication networks: a case study." Modern Supply Chain Research and Applications 2, no. 4 (May 19, 2020): 211–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mscra-09-2019-0018.
Full textAbstract:
PurposeThe main purpose of the present study was to improve and develop previously proposed models for Iran telecommunication networks. It should be noted that the six-dimensional (6D) sustainability model used in this study will be a useful and comprehensive model for industries. Since, the new dimension of IT along with the five well-known economic, social, environmental, technical and institutional aspects of organizations is considered to have great impacts on supply chain sustainability; the proposed framework can be practical.Design/methodology/approachAccording to the related literature review, there are two research streams in supply chain management. The first stream is exploratory research, seeking out conceptual discussions in this area. The second one is associated with mathematical models and techniques, aiming to set decision-making rules in this regard (Agrell et al., 2004). In this study, evaluation was performed using the FMEA method as an analytical technique based on the principle of pre-occurrence prevention to identify potential failure factors in sensitive systems (Mohammadfam and Kianfari, 2008).FindingsAfter identifying the risks and causes of the incidence and effects and consequences of risks, preventive and risk control measures and advisory strategies were presented. Customers with 45.76% share in critical risks are threatening to maintain supply chain in these companies. During this study, it was found that 33.9% of the main source of supply chain critical risks was customers, constituting 45.76% of such risks, accompanied by organization, having a 38.88% share of critical risk generation. The study findings also revealed that 33.9% of critical risks were mainly (equally) related to economic and technical aspects of supply chain sustainability in telecommunication networks. Moreover, as a newly-introduced sixth dimension, IT represented 10.17% of critical risks threatening supply chain sustainability in such networks. Critical risks are mainly related to the economic and technical aspects (equally) with the sustainability of the telecommunication networks supply chain. Also, as a new finding and the sixth dimension, 10.17% of the critical risks that threaten the sustainability of the telecommunication networks supply chain have the information technology dimension.Originality/valueThe internet and fixed and mobile data services are provided by several private companies in Iran, which are relatively similar in terms of their supply chains. In order to manage the sustainability of Iran's telecommunication supply chain, telecommunication networks affiliated to Iran Telecommunication Company (ITC), operating in the field of data and internet services and fixed telephone were selected in 31 provinces. The intended networks were also providing an important part of the country's needs including Mobile Telecommunication Company of Iran, a subsidiary of Iran's telecommunication networks, as one of the top companies in this industry. Accordingly, all the networks studied in this study needed to be identified with regard to communication sustainability risks, since they provide management solutions to each other by segregating risks. In this study, 68 managers and 72 experts participated in different work teams of telecommunication networks.
7
Jasni, Nur Syuhada, Haslinda Yusoff, Mustaffa Mohamed Zain, Noreena Md Yusoff, and Nor Syafinaz Shaffee. "Business strategy for environmental social governance practices: evidence from telecommunication companies in Malaysia." Social Responsibility Journal 16, no. 2 (April 18, 2019): 271–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/srj-03-2017-0047.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The present digital era has integrated the conventional telecommunications companies as service providers in this ever-competitive environment. Towards gaining business competitiveness, businesses are operated from the stance of dynamic business model that places focus on both economic activities and, more importantly, value-added benefits. One essential value embedded into business strategies refers to the aspect of sustainability in conjunction to environmental social governance (ESG). Within the context of Malaysia, ESG practices have been expected to grow rapidly in years to come, along with the vision of becoming a digital economy nation, by 2050. The continuous discussions appear to support the significance of implementing ESG practices amidst organizations, which in turn, could enhance a more sustainable economic growth for the country. Although many studies have probed into the dimensions of ESG, little attention has been given to the ESG practices incorporated into business strategy agenda. Design/methodology/approach This paper combed through the literature to retrieve the multi-dimensions of ESG concepts, as well as related in-depth insights into ESG disclosures amongst leading companies established in Malaysia. As for the research design, this study used the content analysis method and the ESG Grid as the benchmarking tool to explore superior commitments amongst its peers. Findings As a result, this study stumbled upon two major outcomes: the pattern of ESG disclosures in telecommunications industry and the approaches in implementing ESG practices in telecommunications companies. These two aspects appear essential to establish a competitive advantage, apart from addressing the issues raised by concerned stakeholders. Research limitations/implications Future studies may explore deeper into comprehending the ESG practices by using the interview method and incorporating other industry or arena. Practical implications The decisions made by the companies to invest in ESG practices mark the ability of a company in devising viable survival strategies within the industry. Originality/value Hence, this study offers several vital insights into the practical value to learn from the best experiences, aside from analyzing the current progress of ESG practices within the context of developing nation.
8
Al-Zyoud, Mohammad Fahmi, Lu’ay Al-Mu’ani, Malek Alsoud, and Anas Alsoud. "The Role of TQMk in Increasing the Effectiveness of E-Marketing within the Jordanian Telecommunication Sector." Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research 16, no. 5 (April 16, 2021): 1353–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jtaer16050076.
Full textAbstract:
The current study focused on examining the role of TQMk (Total Quality Marketing) in increasing the effectiveness of e-marketing within Jordanian telecommunication sector; TQMk included variables of service quality, market orientation and the customer-focused approach. A quantitative approach was adopted through utilizing a questionnaire, which was distributed to 18 marketing and project managers within Jordanian telecommunication organizations (Zain, Umniah and Orange). Results of the study indicated that TQMk can have an influence in increasing the effectiveness and efficiency of e-marketing solutions within the organization and mainly within the social marketing and electronic marketing departments, through developing the variable of the customer-focused approach, which has the deepest influence on e-marketing approach’s effectiveness; it was followed by an influence of service quality, and the least influential factor was market orientation. The study recommended focusing on clients within the targeted markets through different aspects, including price, new products acceptance, customer behavior and purchase decision motivators.
9
Chabrol, Fanny. "Biomedicine, Public Health, and Citizenship in the Advent of Antiretrovirals in Botswana." Developing World Bioethics 14, no. 2 (April 11, 2014): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dewb.12051.
Full text
10
Ramabu, Nankie M. "Whose autonomy is it? Botswana socio‐ethical approach to the consenting process." Developing World Bioethics 20, no. 4 (November 27, 2019): 184–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dewb.12253.
Full text
11
Mmereki, Daniel. "Current status of waste management in Botswana: A mini-review." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 36, no. 7 (June 4, 2018): 555–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x18772097.
Full textAbstract:
Effective waste management practices are not all about legislative solutions, but a combination of the environmental, social, technical, technically skilled human resources, financial and technological resources, resource recycling, environmental pollution awareness programmes and public participation. As a result of insufficient resources, municipal solid waste (MSW) in transition and developing countries like Botswana remains a challenge, and it is often not yet given highest priority. In Botswana, the environment, public health and other socio-economic aspects are threatened by waste management practices due to inadequate implementation and enforcement mechanisms of waste management policy. This mini-review paper describes the panorama of waste management practices in Botswana and provides information to competent authorities responsible for waste management and to researchers to develop and implement an effective waste management system. Waste management practices in Botswana are affected by: lack of effective implementation of national waste policy, fragmented tasks and overlapping mandates among relevant institutions; lack of clear guidelines on the responsibilities of the generators and public authorities and on the associated economic incentives; and lack of consistent and comprehensive solid waste management policies; lack of intent by decision-makers to prepare national waste management plans and systems, and design and implement an integrated sustainable municipal solid waste management system. Due to these challenges, there are concerns over the growing trend of the illegal dumping of waste, creating mini dumping sites all over the country, and such actions jeopardize the efforts of lobbying investors and tourism business. Recommendations for concerted efforts are made to support decision makers to re-organize a sustainable waste management system, and this paper provides a reference to other emerging economies in the region and the world.
12
CLARK, PETER A. "MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION OF HIV IN BOTSWANA: AN ETHICAL PERSPECTIVE ON MANDATORY TESTING." Developing World Bioethics 6, no. 1 (March 2006): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-8847.2006.00131.x.
Full text
13
Edenius, Mats, and Hans Rämö. "Time Constraints in New Mobile Communication: Practices among Senior Managers." KronoScope 8, no. 2 (2009): 147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156771508x444594.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractBased on extensive studies on the new working conditions for senior managers in a leading telecommunication company, and a previously unstudied form of mobile management practice by the use of mobile handheld smartphones (handling calls, data, emails, sms), this paper focuses on unexpected time-saving limitations and other constraints that result from the implementation and internalization of the mobile devices. Aspects of independence that were initially anticipated from the use of mobile smartphones are increasingly offset, not only by the well-known time pressure of swiftly filtering, replying and being online, but also by some less known and unexpected limiting and constraining factors of temporal freedom.
14
Oncioiu, Ionica, Delia-Mioara Popescu, Anca Elena Aviana, Alina Șerban, Florica Rotaru, Mihai Petrescu, and Andreea Marin-Pantelescu. "The Role of Environmental, Social, and Governance Disclosure in Financial Transparency." Sustainability 12, no. 17 (August 20, 2020): 6757. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12176757.
Full textAbstract:
In today’s business environment, corporate governance and financial transparency have an impact on the performance of firms. These changes are important for understanding the widespread accessibility of relevant and reliable information regarding an entity’s financial and nonfinancial aspects. The purpose of this study was to show how the environmental, social, and governance disclosure performance of companies has gained a reputation of having a fundamental role in financial transparency and how it varies by stakeholder orientation and economic sector. In this regard, we developed a new model based on stakeholders’ perceptions to analyze the impact of environmental, social, and governance disclosure on financial transparency using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method and select the economic sector that ensures transparency in sustainable and financial reporting. This model was applied over the 2008–2018 period to 143 companies from eight countries in the most representative economic sectors: finance, energy, and telecommunication services. Our results portray that environmental, social, and governance reporting are a company’s means of communication with stakeholders, as part of their accountability and stewardship obligations, and at the same time, they are a tool for achieving transparency regarding the financial performance of a firm. Furthermore, our findings also showed whether environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disclosures act as a vector of financial communication for enterprises, and this relationship will also be evident in their role in financial transparency.
15
Olesya Nikolaevna, Kozodaeva. "Problem aspects of public control implementation of the work of institutions and authorities that conduct sentences." Current Issues of the State and Law, no. 12 (2019): 507–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2587-9340-2019-3-12-507-514.
Full textAbstract:
We analyze the legislation and practice of public control implementation of the work of institutions and authorities that conduct sentences. We consider the basic principles and directions of the Public Monitoring Commissions (PMC) activities, we list the problem aspects of the administrations interaction of corrections facilities (CF), mass media and public members. In addition, we study the conceptual foundations of the penal system (PS), measures of legal, organizational, informational, social and economic nature aimed at transparency and improving the conditions of serving a sentence. We ascertain that in practice there are cases in which misunderstanding and ignorance of the criminal, criminal procedural and correctional law legis-lation by members of the PMC, their inability to give an objective legal as-sessment of the behavior and actions of a particular subject (remand prisoner, convicted) and officials of administrations of the Federal Penitentiary Service (FPS of Russia) often creates prerequisites for destabilizing the work of institutions of forced detention (FD) and violating the order of serving sentences. In addition, we note that there are other unresolved tasks with the procedure for protecting the rights of convicted prisoners. Thus, we points out that to date, the issues of modernization and optimization of the security system of the CF, strengthening the material base, the formation of modern information and telecommunication infrastructures, ensuring the necessary level of social protection of the PMC employees, introducing modern technologies and technical means into practice of conduct of sentences and many others have remained unresolved.
16
Rubagumya, F., L. Greenberg, A. Manirakiza, A. Kanyamuhunga, A. Manirakiza, C. Shyirambere, K. Chinyundo, and J. Slone. "Establishing a Childhood Cancer Survivorship Program in Rwanda." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (October 1, 2018): 87s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.30400.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Over 80% of children diagnosed with cancer survive in high-income countries (HICs). While the survival rate remains poor in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) such as Rwanda, a growing number of children with cancer are surviving to adulthood. These children and young adults will face an increased risk of secondary cancers and late complications from their curative treatment. Cancer centers in HICs have established Long Term Survivorship (LTS) programs to cater for childhood cancer survivors and to capture these complications and/or recurrences at an early stage. They also address the more complex psychological and social aspects of surviving cancer in childhood. Aims: To develop an LTS program in Rwanda, initial training will take place in Botswana where a pediatric hematology-oncology (PHO) program was established at the national referral hospital, Princess Marina Hospital (PMH), in 2007. This training program will allow successful methods and lessons learned from the development of an LTS program in Botswana to establish a similar program in Rwanda with ongoing bidirectional collaboration. Methods: The Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers (TXCH) Global Hematology-Oncology Pediatric Excellence (HOPE) program in Botswana is the only provider of PHO care in the country, provided at PMH, through a partnership with the Botswana government. The program has over 130 childhood cancer survivors in active follow-up. A one-month bench-marking visit will be conducted. During this period, Dr. Rubagumya will spend time with the medical director of the program learning how the LTS program was established and current operations. He will spend time with clinicians during consultations to understand the scope of tests requested, frequently asked questions across all parties: clinicians, survivors and/or caretakers and use of technology to aid in the management of LTS patients. Focused interviews of clinicians, patients, caregiver and administration will be conducted to further understand the challenges of the pediatric cancer survivors and the development of an LTS program in an LMIC face. Results: After this month visit, critical areas of knowledge transfer will include: how to set up a childhood cancer survivorship programs; methods for sustainable operation of a childhood cancer LTS program, and how to help childhood cancer survivors navigate health care systems. A similar model will be established in Rwanda. Long-term mentorship with Botswana colleagues will help to build Rwanda's first LTS. Conclusion: Survivors involved in dedicated LTS follow-up care have better health outcomes. This indicates the need for life long survivorship care. There is a dearth of data on how to establish and operate a childhood cancer LTS program in LMIC settings. Lessons learned through this program will guide us on how to set up such program in Rwanda.
17
Crocco, Federica, Laura Eboli, and Gabriella Mazzulla. "Individual Attitudes and Shopping Mode Characteristics Affecting the Use of E-Shopping and Related Travel." Transport and Telecommunication Journal 14, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ttj-2013-0006.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract New telecommunication technologies and services have caused important challenges on travel behaviour and trip characteristics. Existing literature studies show many different outcomes regarding the effects of the new technologies on the participation of people to their personal activities and related travel; specifically, e-shopping may produce the reduction of shopping trips (substitution effect), but also an increase of trips thanks to the reuse of the travel time saved for other activities and trips (complementarity’s effect). The focus of this study is to analyse the aspects mostly affecting consumer choices of purchasing goods by web or in-store, with the aim of understanding how to operate so that e-shopping can positively modify consumers’ travel behaviour. Our research findings show that individual social and economic factors, consumer attitudes, and shopping mode characteristics influence the usage of online shopping. An experimental survey addressed to a sample of Italian consumers is used in the study.
18
Wishah, Raed, Marwan Al-Nsour, Malek Alharafsheh, Saleh AlKhalaileh, and Farah Alshbeekat. "Factors Influencing Cloud Computing in Telecommunications Companies." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 12, no. 3 (December 1, 2018): 1334. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i3.pp1334-1339.
Full textAbstract:
<p>This study aims to identify the role of cloud computing in achieving success in e-governance in Jordan. This paper investigates the effect of four accomplishment aspects (availability, flexibility, cost saving and scalability) for executing cloud computing technology in telecommunication companies on Jordan e-governance implementation. A questionnaire was developed to collect data from respondents working for the three-main public mobile telephone network operators: Zain, Orange and Umniah. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences program was used in the descriptive analysis of the responses. The results show that all four success factors have a high level of impact, separately and together, on e-governance in Jordan. Cost saving has the highest impact, followed by scalability, availability and flexibility. Based on these results, the study makes some suggestions for further research that could enrich understanding of the implementation of cloud computing and its effect on egovernance in Jordan.</p>
19
Mubangizi, John C., and Prenisha Sewpersadh. "A Human Rights-based Approach to Combating Public Procurement Corruption in Africa." African Journal of Legal Studies 10, no. 1 (August 18, 2017): 66–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17087384-12340015.
Full textAbstract:
Corruption is a threat to human rights as it erodes accountability and violates many international human rights conventions. It also undermines basic principles and values like equality, non-discrimination, human dignity, and social justice – especially in African countries where democratic systems and institutional arrangements are less developed than in most European, Asian and American countries. Corruption occurs in both the public and private sectors and affects human rights by deteriorating institutions and diminishing public trust in government. Corruption impairs the ability of governments to fulfil their obligations and ensure accountability in the implementation and protection of human rights – particularly socio-economic rights pertinent to the delivery of economic and social services. This is because corruption diverts funds into private pockets – impeding delivery of services, and thereby perpetuating inequality, injustice and unfairness. This considered, the focus of this paper is on public procurement corruption. It is argued that by applying a human rights-based approach to combating public procurement corruption, the violation of human rights – particularly socio-economic rights – can be significantly reduced. Through a human rights-based approach, ordinary people can be empowered to demand transparency, accountability and responsibility from elected representatives and public officials – particularly those involved in public procurement. In the paper, reference is made to selected aspects of the national legal frameworks of five African countries: South Africa, Uganda, Kenya, Nigeria and Botswana.
20
Gomo, Modreck, and Danie Vermeulen. "A transboundary aquifer of potential concern in Southern Africa." Water Policy 19, no. 6 (August 28, 2017): 1160–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2017.049.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Tuli Karoo transboundary aquifer (TBA) is shared between Botswana, South Africa and Zimbabwe in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region. The TBA provides groundwater resources for various economic activities. Irrespective of the value offered by this TBA, there is very little research that has been conducted to improve understanding of the physical system and potential cross-border impacts that can result from exploitation of the aquifer. In the wake of this limited research, this paper uses theoretical background and conceptual understanding to highlight some of the activities that have the potential to cause conflicts within the TBA. This article presents and discusses the current hydrogeological conceptual understanding of the Tuli Karoo TBA system, social and economic activities and their potential impacts on the TBA. Based on the discussions of various scenarios, it can be argued that the potential for groundwater cross-border flow and impacts exist within the TBA. With the ever-increasing and competing demands for fresh water and unpredictable rainfall patterns in the region, the possibility of future conflicts cannot be ruled out. It is hoped that this study can assist in raising awareness about the need to address aspects of sustainable exploitation and management of the TBA.
21
Salama, Ashraf M. "Coronavirus questions that will not go away: interrogating urban and socio-spatial implications of COVID-19 measures." Emerald Open Research 2 (April 16, 2020): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.35241/emeraldopenres.13561.1.
Full textAbstract:
The highly contagious coronavirus and the rapid spread of COVID-19 disease have generated a global public health crisis, which is being addressed at various local and global scales through social distancing measures and guidelines. This is coupled with debates about the nature of living and working patterns through intensive utilisation of information and telecommunication technologies, leading to the social and institutional acceptability of these patterns as the ‘new normal.’ The primary objective of this article is to instigate a discourse about the potential contribution of architecture and urban design and planning in generating knowledge that responds to pressing questions about future considerations of post pandemic architecture and urbanism. Methodologically, the discussion is based on a trans-disciplinary framework, which is utilised for conceptual analysis and is operationalized by identifying and discoursing design and planning implications. The article underscores relevant factors; originates insights for areas where future research will be critically needed, through key areas: a) Issues related to urban dynamics are delineated from the perspective of urban and human geography, urban design and planning, and transportation engineering; b) Questions that pertain to socio-spatial implications and urban space/ urban life dialectics stem from the field of environmental psychology; and c) Deliberations about new environments that accommodate new living/working styles supervene from ethnographical and anthropological perspectives. The article concludes with an outlook that captures key aspects of the needed synergy between architectural and urban education, research, and practice and public health in a post pandemic virtual and global world.
22
Georgiievskyi, Iurii. "The proposals for improvement of the state enterprise «Informational judicial systems» economic activity regarding the UJITS development in Ukraine." Law and innovations, no. 2 (30) (June 2, 2020): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.37772/2518-1718-2020-2(30)-4.
Full textAbstract:
Problem setting. Basing on the possibility of lockdown prolongation or repetition in Ukraine, it is important to quicken the development and implementation of the Unified Judicial Informational and Telecommunication System (UJITS) in Ukraine, the delayed launch of which has created numerous obstacles for the proper administration of justice and access to it in the context of social distancing. One of the main factors intensifying this process is the improvement of economic activity of the UJITS developer – the state enterprise “Informational Judicial Systems”. Analysis of recent researches and publications. Some general aspects of the research can be found in the scientific works of O. Bryntsev, I. Izarova, N. Loginova, N. Kushakova-Kostytska, O. Shamrai, O. Bernazyuk, M. Hetmantsev and others. Target of research is to provide proposals for improving the economic activity of the state enterprise “Informational Judicial Systems” on the development of the Unified Judicial Informational and Telecommunication System in Ukraine. Article’s main body. Judging by systematic analysis of the regulatory regulation of this state enterprise, the author concludes that there are signs of “administrative monopoly” in the implementation of the state order on the development of UJITS. The paper proposes two organizationally-legal directions of accelerating the development of the UJITS. The first one is the State Enterprise “Informational Judicial Systems” economic activity intensification and modernization. The second one is changing the method of execution of the state order on the development of the UJITS. The last proposal, which correlates to the requirements of current legislation, provides for the involvement to the implementation of the state order other enterprises specializing on the development, implementation and maintenance of information systems and IT companies on a competitive basis. Conclusions and prospects for the development. It is concluded that the introduction of partial or systemic competitive principles in the implementation of the state order on the UJITS development will enhance the activities of the state enterprise “Informational Judicial Systems”, improve the skills and professionalism of its specialists, polish up management efficiency and make its activity more transparent. In perspective it is appropriate to compare advantages and disadvantages of mentioned directions.
23
Stel'mah, Vladimir. "Need to change the design of investigative actions aimed at obtaining information transmitted by means of communication." Vestnik of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia 2021, no. 1 (April 9, 2021): 146–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.35750/2071-8284-2021-1-146-155.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract: Relevance of the research topic. The obvious trend of social activity was the digitalization of almost all aspects of people’s lives, which led to a sharp increase in information transmitted in digital (electronic) form. The Criminal Procedure Law provides for investigative actions aimed at obtaining this information for subsequent use in criminal evidence. However, some changes to the law are not quite systemic, are not supported by theoretical studies, which complicates law enforcement practice, forms the prerequisites for violating the uniformity of application of the law, and infringement of the rights of participants in criminal procedure. Problem setting. The constant improvement of the means of communication objectively leads to an expansion of their scope. In response, the legislator designs investigative actions that allow obtaining information transmitted by means of communication. However, some legislative decisions could not be considered optimal. Thus, having fixed in Art. 185 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation the possibility of obtaining information transmitted by e-mail, the legislator did not take into account that this norm applies only to postal operators. In addition, since 2018, telecommunication operators have been required to record and store the content of all communication sessions served by them. However, these provisions are not taken into account in the criminal procedure law, which establishes another procedure for obtaining information. Research objectives and methods. The purpose of the study is to develop proposals for improving the normative design of investigative actions aimed at obtaining information transmitted by means of communication. The tasks of the study are to analyze the provisions of the Criminal Procedure Law and the legislation on communication, to identify conflicts between them. The methodological basis of the study was the dialectical-materialistic method, as well as the general scientific methods of scientific knowledge: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, formal-logical, systemic. Results and key findings. To eliminate the resulting collision, it is necessary to design a universal investigative action that allows you to obtain information transmitted by telecommunication means, both the content of negotiations and the billing parameters of the connection.
24
Díaz Nafría, José María, and Francisco Salto Alemany. "Towards a Transdisciplinary Frame: Bridging Domains, a Multidimensional Approach to Information." tripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique. Open Access Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society 9, no. 2 (October 30, 2011): 286–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31269/triplec.v9i2.276.
Full textAbstract:
A trans-disciplinary frame is proposed, aimed at addressing the very understanding of information in all its variety. It aims at unifying perspectives and integrating techniques from different fields of knowledge and practice, searching for the most overarching account of information phenomena, a better formalization of real processes and a global stance towards problems concerning information. Such research frame might try to answer: Which are the basic distinct accounts of infor-mation to be applied in fields from telecommunication to philosophy, from biology to documentation, from logic to quantum physics? Which are the minimum primitive concepts that may cover all of them? Is a unified theory feasible? Could a better information measure be found? Could the societal and practical interest be better preserved in an integrated perspective of information? The methodological proposal aims at opening a space for the interweaving of different scientific frameworks (characterized by specific paradigms and methodologies) to delve into the very landscape of information, searching for a transdisciplinary treatment of theoretical, technical and practical problems concerning information. It is based on an already active interdisci-plinary International community and a critical mass of research groups at the global level. By means of bridging these com-munities, a new transdisciplinary science of information might emerge as an integrated framework in which information will be considered in all its formal, natural, cognitive, social, technical, ethical and philosophical aspects.
25
Díaz Nafría, José María, and Francisco Salto Alemany. "Towards a Transdisciplinary Frame: Bridging Domains, a Multidimensional Approach to Information." tripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique. Open Access Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society 9, no. 2 (October 30, 2011): 286–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31269/vol9iss2pp286-294.
Full textAbstract:
A trans-disciplinary frame is proposed, aimed at addressing the very understanding of information in all its variety. It aims at unifying perspectives and integrating techniques from different fields of knowledge and practice, searching for the most overarching account of information phenomena, a better formalization of real processes and a global stance towards problems concerning information. Such research frame might try to answer: Which are the basic distinct accounts of infor-mation to be applied in fields from telecommunication to philosophy, from biology to documentation, from logic to quantum physics? Which are the minimum primitive concepts that may cover all of them? Is a unified theory feasible? Could a better information measure be found? Could the societal and practical interest be better preserved in an integrated perspective of information? The methodological proposal aims at opening a space for the interweaving of different scientific frameworks (characterized by specific paradigms and methodologies) to delve into the very landscape of information, searching for a transdisciplinary treatment of theoretical, technical and practical problems concerning information. It is based on an already active interdisci-plinary International community and a critical mass of research groups at the global level. By means of bridging these com-munities, a new transdisciplinary science of information might emerge as an integrated framework in which information will be considered in all its formal, natural, cognitive, social, technical, ethical and philosophical aspects.
26
Fung, K. C. "Regional and global production networks: the case of China." Journal of Chinese Economic and Foreign Trade Studies 7, no. 3 (October 6, 2014): 126–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcefts-01-2015-0002.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine various aspects of regional and global production networks, with a special focus on China. Design/methodology/approach – The author studies four different approaches to measure production networks and discuss their strengths and weaknesses. The author presents some of the results associated with some of these measurements. Findings – The author finds that using trade data alone is simple but incomplete. Bringing in input–output tables is useful but much more data would be needed. In addition, for the case of China, electronic goods and telecommunication goods tend to have a higher foreign value added. Research limitations/implications – Data with good quality can be a problem. The authors also have difficulty getting input–output tables for many years. Practical implications – The results can guide policymakers as to which industries can create more domestic value added. The results can also lead to betting of an understanding of trade balances measured in the value added. Social implications – The results can generate further understanding among citizens of many different countries, including China, about the importance of different sectors in generating the value added. Originality/value – The value of this paper is to focus on alternative ways to measure the value added in exports from China. The paper is the first to discuss the strengths and weaknesses of different approaches and present some of these results.
27
Khaliq, Nida, Zille Huma Mustehsan, Hania Rashid, Shafaq Khadija, Nazeeha Waseem, and Hafsa Waseem. "Contamination of Mobile Phones of Health Care Workers of PIMS Hospital Islamabad." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 6 (June 30, 2021): 2138–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs211562138.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Mobile phones are one of the most vital telecommunication devices and are used to stay in touch with both the social and professional aspects of our lives. They have also become an important tool for the rapid delivery of information in healthcare institutions, such as hospitals. However, with many benefits of mobile phone usage, also comes the drawbacks of hospital-associated pathogens surviving on these mobile phone screens. Objectives: To determine the frequency of contamination of healthcare worker’s mobile phones by different types of microorganisms. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2020 till December 2020 at PIMS Hospital, a tertiary care hospital located in Islamabad, Pakistan. A total of 121 individual mobile phones were randomly sampled. A simple random sampling method was used. Informed consent was taken before taking a sample and a questionnaire was also utilized. Results: Among 121 samples collected from different department health workers mobile phone surfaces, 112 showed significant differences (92.56%) which were positively contaminated with microorganisms. Conclusion: To conclude, a high contamination rate of mobile phones was found with microorganisms. This could lead to serious nosocomial infections. Therefore, a standard guideline on the use of electronic devices and mobile phones should be implemented in hospitals and healthcare centres. Enforce the hygiene practices such as washing hands and cleaning mobile phones a few times a day. Keywords: Healthcare Worker, Mobile Phone, Microorganism, Contamination, Disinfectant
28
Horzov, L., M. Goncharuk-Khomyn, Y. Kostenko, and V. Melnyk. "Dental Patient Management in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Current Literature Mini-Review." Open Public Health Journal 13, no. 1 (September 22, 2020): 459–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874944502013010459.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Considering dental data gain associated with COVID-19 in the last few months of 2020, it is highly important to provide an assertive critical literature review with the categorization and systematization of available findings. Objective: The purpose of this article is to shed light on the concerns of dentists who provide treatment of children and adults during the pandemic of COVID-19. Methods: The search for relevant publications related to the objective topic was done via the Google Scholar engine with the use of next keywords: “dentistry”, “coronavirus”, “COVID-19”, “dental treatment”. All collected articles were processed using content-analysis principles with further systematization and categorization of obtained data in Microsoft Excel 2019 software (Microsoft Office, 2019). Results: Overview of trans-national guidelines considering COVID-19 prevention within dental care conditions could be categorized into the next few aspects: elective pattern of dental care, postpone dental treatment, screening algorithms through telecommunication and use of specialized PPE. Under the emergency mode of dental care, there are three basic P’s that should be considered during every dental procedure: patient’s self-care, prophylaxis and prioritization of pathology elimination approaches. Conclusion: Dentists should be fully informed and supported with CDC and WHO guidelines and recommendations, but also with national and regional legislation act related to control of dental care provision during COVID-19 epidemy. Changes in the general dental practice during the post-COVID era are inevitable, but those represent normal development and recovery of the dental field after pandemic mode.
29
Danyk, Y., and S. Vdovenko. "A CHAIN EFFECTS IN THE CYBER-ACTIONS." Collection of scientific works of the Military Institute of Kyiv National Taras Shevchenko University, no. 64 (2019): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2519-481x/2019/64-08.
Full textAbstract:
The article presents the results of research on the features of the hybrid war that occurs in Ukraine and other states in cyberspace. Established role and place of chain effects and asymmetric destructive actions in the field of information and cyber security. Due to the fact that at present energy is the basic industry of national economy and national security of any state, the features of complex destructive cyber-, informational and cognitive actions and influences in cyberspace and through cyberspace are considered on the example of the energy sphere taking into account threats, risks and features of cyber-impacts on systems and objects of the critical infrastructure of the fuel and energy complex. The urgency of ensuring energy security of the countries of the world is increasing, as evidenced by the revision of energy development strategies of the European Union, the United States, and other countries. According to the views of a number of domestic and foreign specialists, energy in the field of economics has become an instrument of geopolitics. The level of national security in general, the pace of structural transformation in the economy, the provision of the needs of the population, social production and defense depend to a large extent on its effective, reliable and sustainable functioning. The use of state-of-the-art computer, information-telecommunication and cyber-tech equipment in state critical infrastructure objects requires the implementation and implementation of measures on cyber security, countering cyberterrorism and providing cyber defense. The most important aspects of these influences are identified, approaches are offered for the development of sound organizational and technical measures to ensure the cyber security of society and the state in modern conditions.
30
Serebrennikova, Anna. "Criminological Problems of the Digital World (Digital Criminology)." Russian Journal of Criminology 14, no. 3 (June 30, 2020): 423–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2500-4255.2020.14(3).423-430.
Full textAbstract:
The development of information society and the corresponding technologies raises to a new level the tasks of counteracting crimes committed using such technologies, and of minimizing damage from them. The growth in the scale of new types of crime is a cause of worry for the society and the authorities, and especially for criminologists, as the penetration of criminals into the virtual environment and their mastery of new technologies acquire dangerous forms, change criminal motivation and, at the same time, to some extent stimulate the development of information and telecommunication technologies. The growing sophistication of the tasks of preventing and counteracting hi tech crimes makes it necessary to critically assess the current criminological methods and to make an attempt to go beyond the known «common» methods of neo-classical criminology. The development of the digital criminology concept cannot be reduced to an aggregate of pioneer technological methods developed on the basis of mathematical modeling, i.e. computer processing of quantitative and qualitative parameters of crimes, mathematical detection of different dependencies (on time, place and other variables), it could and should be understood in a wider sense: on the one hand, it should influence the new criminological paradigm, and on the other - it should develop within its boundaries. The modern information-analytical sphere in the work of law enforcement bodes includes the use of digital criminological instruments within the programs of crime prevention, mathematical methods of analyzing crimes, profiling, etc. Their aggregate is generally applicable to criminological analysis and prediction, however, it does not have the most cutting edge theoretical basis that corresponds to the tasks of counteracting crimes of the digital world; it is now being formed on the basis of criminological neo-classics, the advances of the social sciences and the humanities, digital criminology. The predictions of new industrial revolutions include a rapid acceleration of the pace of technological development, a systemic transformation of production and management, which will not only stimulate a global rise in the living standards, but will also increase inequality and, consequently, will provide an impetus to crime. These aspects should be taken into consideration when predicting future development of digital criminology, whose theories should be based on the conceptual models of social development of the near future. Social consequences of the predicted new industrial revolutions will inevitably become new common determiners of the crimes of the future, as it always happened in the past.
31
Korobko, M. I. "INFORMATION ETHICS AS A NECESSARY ELEMENT OF THE REGULATION OF THE MODERN INFORMATION SOCIETY." UKRAINIAN CULTURAL STUDIES, no. 1 (8) (2021): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/ucs.2021.1(8).10.
Full textAbstract:
The article is devoted to the analysis of the importance of information ethics in the active development of information and communication technologies. Active research on the issues of cyberspace has been conducted since the second half of the ХХth century. These studies are becoming more intensive every year. Many scientists are interested in analysis of these issues because communication plays the fundamental role in our dynamic modern world. Modern telecommunication technologies and, first of all, the global Internet, are one of the most important factors in the development of the world community, which has a decisive influence on the social, political, economic and socio-cultural spheres. And the global pandemic Covid-19 since 2020 has brought these issues to the forefront of socio-humanitarian research. The information space of the Internet, which has already become the main infrastructure of social communication at the local and global levels, is a relatively new cultural phenomenon. It is obvious that a clear and effective system of moral regulation in this area has not yet developed. This space provides a person with unprecedented opportunities in terms of personal freedom, challenging traditional moral attitudes. Of course, this raises many ethical issues, both general and applied, related to the spread of coercive and aggressive Internet advertising, pornography, violence, intrusion, privacy, and many other aspects. Computer technologies are not neutral. They are filled with human, cultural and social values. These values can be predicted and taken into account, they can appear and evolve after many trials and errors. In our multicultural world conflicting value system can often arise. Future research needs to do as much as possible to create a broader and more promising concept of what it means to be human in the stream of transformations that exist today. The solution of certain problems in information ethics is different depending on who solves these problems. All dilemmas and problems within the framework of the considered direction of applied ethics are open, and no one can give an exact answer to the questions yet. Thus, since in the modern information society there is a direct relationship between the intensity of technological development and the growth of crises in the field of moral values and spiritual culture, information ethics already makes a serious claim to the moral regulation of human behaviour.
32
Muratova, O. V. "The Concept of Transnational Consumer Law in the Modern World." Lex Russica, no. 7 (July 31, 2019): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2019.152.7.020-028.
Full textAbstract:
The article is devoted to the analysis of changes that have taken place in the regulation of cross-border contractual relations with the participation of consumers in connection with the development of information and telecommunication technologies and e-commerce. The author examines the concept of «transnational online contract» and the influence of a «digital element» on the characteristics of contractual relations. Also, the paper provides for the classification of online contracts with due regard to: 1) the subject matter of the online contract; 2) characteristics of the parties involved in the online contractual relationship; 3) the process of concluding and executing the online contract.Attention is drawn to the fact that new methods of conclusion of contracts has predetermined the emergence of new approaches to qualification of certain aspects of contractual relations between the parties, in particular, it concerns determining the moment of contract conclusion, distinguishing between offer and invitation to offer in online interaction, assessing the validity of online contracts and dispute resolution mechanisms online.The article analyzes the impact of globalization of trade on consumer markets, mechanisms of regulation of transnational consumer relations in the context of e-commerce. It is noted that globalization of trade has pointed to the need to develop a transnational approach to the regulation of e-commerce, to unify and harmonize relevant legal instruments. The author examines the steps taken in this direction within the framework of UNCITRAL, the EU, by the representatives of American business. It is concluded that the US policy concerning consumer protection is aimed at implementation of economic interests of business, which promotes competition and commercial prosperity in the market, but at the same time puts consumers at risk when concluding online contracts. This approach runs counter to the EU policies that promote implementation of social regulation in order to maximize consumer protection.The authors consider Lex mercatoria as a separate source of transnational consumer law.
33
Shiferaw, Kirubel Biruk, Shegaw Anagaw Mengiste, Monika Knudsen Gullslett, Atinkut Alamirrew Zeleke, Binyam Tilahun, Tsion Tebeje, Robel Wondimu, Surafel Desalegn, and Eden Abetu Mehari. "Healthcare providers’ acceptance of telemedicine and preference of modalities during COVID-19 pandemics in a low-resource setting: An extended UTAUT model." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (April 22, 2021): e0250220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250220.
Full textAbstract:
Background In almost all lower and lower middle-income countries, the healthcare system is structured in the customary model of in-person or face to face model of care. With the current global COVID-19 pandemics, the usual health care service has been significantly altered in many aspects. Given the fragile health system and high number of immunocompromised populations in lower and lower-middle income countries, the economic impacts of COVID-19 are anticipated to be worse. In such scenarios, technological solutions like, Telemedicine which is defined as the delivery of healthcare service remotely using telecommunication technologies for exchange of medical information, diagnosis, consultation and treatment is critical. The aim of this study was to assess healthcare providers’ acceptance and preferred modality of telemedicine and factors thereof among health professionals working in Ethiopia. Methods A multi-centric online survey was conducted via social media platforms such as telegram channels, Facebook groups/pages and email during Jul 1- Sep 21, 2020. The questionnaire was adopted from previously validated model in low income setting. Internal consistency of items was assessed using Cronbach alpha (α), composite reliability (CR) and average variance extracted (AVE) to evaluate both discriminant and convergent validity of constructs. The extent of relationship among variables were evaluated by Structural equation modeling (SEM) using SPSS Amos version 23. Results From the expected 423 responses, 319 (75.4%) participants responded to the survey questionnaire during the data collection period. The majority of participants were male (78.1%), age <30 (76.8%) and had less than five years of work experience (78.1%). The structural model result confirmed the hypothesis “self-efficacy has a significant positive effect on effort expectancy” with a standardized coefficient estimate (β) of 0.76 and p-value <0.001. The result also indicated that self-efficacy, effort expectancy, performance expectancy, facilitating conditions and social influence have a significant direct effect on user’s attitude toward using telemedicine. User’s behavioral intention to use telemedicine was also influenced by effort expectancy and attitude. The model also ruled out that performance expectancy, facilitating conditions and social influence does not directly influence user’s intention to use telemedicine. The squared multiple correlations (r2) value indicated that 57.1% of the variance in attitude toward using telemedicine and 63.6% of the variance in behavioral intention to use telemedicine is explained by the current structural model. Conclusion This study found that effort expectancy and attitude were significantly predictors of healthcare professionals’ acceptance of telemedicine. Attitude toward using telemedicine systems was also highly influenced by performance expectancy, self-efficacy and facilitating conditions. effort expectancy and attitude were also significant mediators in predicting users’ acceptance of telemedicine. In addition, mHealth approach was the most preferred modality of telemedicine and this opens an opportunity to integrate telemedicine systems in the health system during and post pandemic health services in low-income countries.
34
Pavlykivska, O., and U. Plekan. "Financial consulting: trends and features of development in Ukraine." Galic'kij ekonomičnij visnik 66, no. 5 (2020): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.33108/galicianvisnyk_tntu2020.05.059.
Full textAbstract:
The essence of consulting is investigated in this paper. Historical aspects of development and current trends in the consulting services market in Ukraine are considered. Approaches to consulting classification are given. Ukrainian consulting is at the stage of development, the prospects for further rooting in this industry depend on the process of stabilization of market relations in Ukraine in general. The consulting market is growing quantitatively and professionally. Significant growth in demand in the field of tax consulting and tax risk management is predicted. In this paper the authors reveal the signs of consulting activities in Ukraine. According to the authors point of view, the most balanced structure of consulting services is that offered by the European Directory of management consultants which combines all types of services into 8 groups: general management, administration, financial management, personnel management, marketing, organization of production, information technologies and special services, particularly, training consulting, consulting on power management, telecommunications, small business consulting, engineering consulting, etc. The segmentation of the consulting services market in Ukraine by functional purpose is reflected. The following key clients of consulting services in Ukraine are identified: metallurgical, chemical, food industry, telecommunication, civil engineering, financial sectors, trade. Since financial consulting is becoming more and more popular in Ukraine, features of this type of consulting are given in this paper. The role of financial consulting in the consulting system is highlighted. Peculiarities of financial consulting application are defined. Restraining factors of financial consulting application are given, the main ones are as follows: imperfection of regulatory and legal support; low level of trust in consulting companies; disinterest or resistance of the customer organization employees; unclear and opaque pricing for financial consulting services to customers; difficulties with reliable assessment of the effectiveness and efficiency of provided consulting services; lack of social perception of consulting as a profession and business by potential consumers; low solvency of customers. According to the authors point of view, financial consulting services support the sustainable development of business structures. Further development of the market of consulting services should meet current demands of domestic business structures and should meet international standards.
35
Morse, Natalia, Lena Nepreenko, and Yevheniya Smyrnova-Trybulska. "WAYS OF SMART-UNIVERSITY DEVELOPMENT (EXPERIENCE OF BORYS GRINCHENKO KYIV UNIVERSITY)." OPEN EDUCATIONAL E-ENVIRONMENT OF MODERN UNIVERSITY, no. 8 (2020): 191–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2414-0325.2020.8.17.
Full textAbstract:
The article considers the meaning of the concept of SMART as "intelligent, intelligent", the abbreviation is also deciphered as follows: S - the goal should be clear, specifically defined and formulated, and the result to be obtained, understandable; M - the goal must be measurable (in monetary units, percentages, points, etc.); A - it is necessary to set sufficiently complex goals that involve efforts and innovation; R - the goal must be realistic within the available resources, knowledge and time to achieve it; T - the goal must be determined in time. The properties of SMART-university are determined: flexibility of learning in an interactive educational environment containing a modern electronic component; provides personal and adaptive learning for students; free access of all participants in the educational process to content, including electronic, from anywhere in the world. The model of SMART-system and preconditions of SMART-university development are given, which include technological factors that provide new tools and technologies for learning in the modern information and telecommunication environment; social factors, which include the needs of society in obtaining a new quality of educational services; economic factors, which are that education has always made a significant contribution to the development of macroeconomics. And in the conditions of formation of a digital society the transformed system of education will promote definition of a place of university in development of innovative economy of the country. The main approaches to development management of SMART-University are generalized. Some aspects of the implementation of the components of SMART-university are covered, such as the e-learning system LMS, cloud technologies, institutional repository, Wiki-portal, electronic document management, etc. Proposals for improving development management based on the generalization of foreign experience in the organization of adult education and its adaptation to the realities of the Ukrainian university are described. The results of a survey of students and teachers on the development of SMART-space at the university (on the example of BGKU) are analyzed. Some recommendations are presented, in particular, that one of the conditions of a scientifically organized and theoretically sound system of lifelong learning is the organization of SMART-space at the university
36
Kabyshev, Vladimir T., Tamara V. Zametina, and Elena V. Kombarova. "TRANSPARENCY OF PUBLIC AUTHORITIES OF THE REPUBLIC OF CRIMEA IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE INFORMATION-ORIENTED SOCIETY." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Pravo, no. 37 (2020): 57–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/22253513/37/5.
Full textAbstract:
The problems of transparency as an economic, social, political and legal phenomenon attract the attention of scientists in various fields of liberal arts - economics, sociology, political science, and jurisprudence. In this article, the authors are primarily interested in legal and political aspects of this phenomenon, since the current Constitution of the country pays considerable attention to the issues of democratic organization of power and the institutions of participation of citizens in the management of state affairs. Describing the real state of transparency in the public authorities of the Republic of Crimea, both static (institutional, organizational) and dynamic (functional, procedural) aspects of this phenomenon are taken into account. The current Constitution of the Russian Federation 1993 does not have the concept of "transparency". The analysis of Russian legislation shows that the principle of transparency, even without being enshrined at the highest constitutional level, has been adequately reflected in federal laws and other regulations. Legislatively enshrined transparency, openness, publicity, accessibility of information together create a regime of transparency of the activities of the three branches of state and local government, ensure the access of citizens to information and determine the forms of interaction and cooperation of citizens and power institutions in this area. The authors emphasize that the principle of transparency plays an important role in the system of principles of the organization and functioning of the public authorities of the modern democratic state. Its further legislative development will promote the confidence of citizens in public authorities, establish the dialogue between the state and civil society, and strengthen anti-corruption measures. Legal regulation of openness, publicity, accessibility of information about the activities of public authorities is carried out within the framework of several legislative acts ("On the media," "On ensuring access to information on the activities of state and local governments" and others). It seems appropriate not only to generalize these norms but also to include other ones developing this institution within the framework of a single federal law on the transparency of state authorities in the Russian Federation. The authors believe that we need the measures to improve the effectiveness of the institu-tion of transparency, including, for example, the consolidation of criteria (indicators) of trans-parency of public authorities The study of the principle of transparency of public authorities in the Republic of Crimea shows that the new subjects of the Federation have created legal and organizational conditions for the implementation of the principle of transparency. Though, there are some problems including the lack of developed and accessible telecommunication infrastructure, the orienta-tion of the Crimean providers to Ukraine, formalism in the consideration of citizens' appeals, not always prompt and objective information about the activities of the authorities of the new subjects of the Russian Federation, the need to ensure information security, the development of cooperation between Crimean and foreign organizations in the field of information and communication technologies.
37
Honcharenko, Iryna, Liliia Kozachenko, and Tetiana Moroz. "INFORMATIONAL SUPPORT OF THE RURAL AREAS’ DEVELOPMENT." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 4, no. 4 (September 2018): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2018-4-4-93-99.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of the article is to determine peculiarities of using modern communications and telecommunications, virtual space, assessing the availability of relevant information that reflects all aspects, processes which are taking place in the economic, social life, and ecology of rural areas. Another purpose is the development of directions for solving existing problems. Methodology. Methods for theoretical synthesis, analysis, and comparison were used in the process of determination of features and substantiation of the basic concepts. Results of the research. It was revealed that in the information provision of Ukrainian rural areas functioning has accumulated a considerable potential. There are such crucial strengths as an existence of a developed infrastructure of state statistics, hierarchically structured organizational structures (centre, region, district) that can provide information collection and processing, as well as its distribution in the opposite direction. Also, there are highly skilled IT specialists and organizational opportunities for their training and retraining. Among other points are the following: an existence of the databases, where scientific and technical information were accumulated; an existence of the databases of modern agricultural technologies; and there is also a developed research infrastructure. But today, the level of use of automation tools continues to remain extremely low in the rural management authorities in Ukraine. The long-standing experience in using information technologies by enterprises and organizations is practically not used in the management of territories. Full informational support of rural areas is possible in case of the organization of the qualitative monitoring of their development with simultaneous taking into account further forecasts for a set of most characteristic indicators for the territory in a certain period of time. A promising task is the integration of Ukraine’s information systems into the international information space. This task involves synchronizing national standards, methodologies, and tools with international standards, as well as improving communication with international scientific and information centres. Practical implications. The creation of an integrated information and communication system of rural areas will help to solve the tasks of effective territorial management. The main components of this system will be the following: the developed infrastructure for access to information; informational systems of local self-government bodies; informational monitoring systems; e-commerce and marketing systems; consulting electronic services; distance learning and retraining systems. Within the enterprises, it is necessary to use information and computer technologies for the accumulation of data about the social, economic, and ecological activity. It is advisable to supplement the monitoring information regarding the development of rural areas by subjective assessments, results of sociological surveys. An improvement of the software system “Household Accounting for Village Councils” involves the use of clientserver technology with the combined use of telecommunication and print media. A promising area for research and management of rural areas on the basis of the spatial representation of processes is the use of geographic information systems and global positioning. Value/originality. The integrated informational and communicational system of rural territories will ensure the efficiency and quality of their information support and will become the basis of effective management.
38
Magembe, Caroline, and Reuben Njuguna. "Service Characteristics and Service Quality of Organizations within the Telecommunications Sector; A Case of Safaricom Public Limited in Nakuru County." International Journal of Current Aspects 3, no. V (October 7, 2019): 57–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.35942/ijcab.v3iv.61.
Full textAbstract:
Safaricom Public Limited Company faces diverse challenges regarding service quality aspects. The communication authority of Kenya ensures that the quality of service amongst the mobile service providers in Kenya is in compliance with Kenya Information and Communication Act of 1998. While the other telecommunication players like Airtel and Telkom Kenya improved in their service quality, Safaricom failed to register any service quality improvement. Safaricom further failed to meet the minimum service quality on eight of the ten regions that were checked by Communication Authority of Kenya. Safaricom has consistently performed poorly and below the minimum set quality threshold in relation to service quality for the four years preceding 2016 financial years in its performance. This study therefore sought to examine the influence of service characteristics on service quality of Safaricom Public Limited Company in Nakuru County. The study was guided by the following specific objectives: to examine the role of service intangibility, service inseparability, service perishability and service variability on the service quality of Safaricom public limited company in Nakuru County. This study adopted expectancy theory and servqual methods in meeting its objectives. This study used descriptive research design to guide the study in meeting its objectives. The study targeted the customers who enter into Safaricom Public Limited Company shop in Nakuru County in any particular day. A sample size of 95 customers was used. This study used structured questionnaires to obtain data from respondents of the study. This study used subject matter experts who comprises of the research supervisor and the four managers from the Safaricom Public Limited Company. Cronbach’s Alpha test of internal consistency was used to test the reliability of the questionnaire using the data obtained from the pilot study carried out using 10 respondents from Airtel Kenya. The filled questionnaires were checked for completeness and then coded and entered into Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for analysis. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used in the analysis of data. The entire analysis was presented in form of tables. The study revealed that the multiple regression model used in this study was statistically significant in predicting the level of service quality at Safaricom Public Limited in Nakuru County. In respect to this, it was found that quality of service at Safaricom Public Limited in Nakuru County could be significantly be predicted using service variability, service perishability, service intangibility, and service inseparability as predictor variables. It was also revealed that 77.6% of the variability in service quality at Safaricom Public Limited in Nakuru County is due to changes that occur in service variability, service perishability, service intangibility, and service inseparability. The model was found to be accurate in its prediction due to a small standard error of the estimate of 0.11327. The study findings and recommendations are of great importance to Safaricom Public Limited Company in understanding what needs to be addressed in order to improve the quality of service they offer to their customers. This study will also benefit customers of Safaricom Public Limited Company in receiving quality services as a result of readdressing the previous methods of service delivery. Future researchers and academicians stand to benefit from this study as it lays the foundation on which their studies was based.
39
"Access to Essential Drugs: Kenya, South Africa and Botswana, Botswana, South Africa, The US and Canada, Brazil, Nigeria." Developing World Bioethics 2, no. 1 (May 2002): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1471-8847.00029.
Full text
40
Koloi-Keaikitse, Setlhomo, Gail Geller, Dudu Jankie, and Joseph Ali. "Cultural Values and Beliefs of Selected Local Communities in Botswana: Implications for Human Subject Research Ethics Practice." Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics, June 7, 2021, 155626462110233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15562646211023332.
Full textAbstract:
Calls have been made for researchers prospectively and continuously to engage study communities. If done, this typically occurs through a specific research study or collaboration. Rarely are community mores examined in-depth to understand implications for research ethics policy processes. We describe a qualitative study designed to understand local community values, beliefs, and practices that relate to research ethics in Botswana and explore how communities would want their interests represented. Through focus group discussions across two different selected ethnic communities and in-depth interviews with paramount chiefs, we highlight a range of community values and expectations that represent concrete behavioral representations of respect and trustworthiness. Communities are willing to engage in the process of enhancing research and research ethics policies and procedures. We invite future research and training that seek to connect local conceptualizations of substantive and procedural aspects of research ethics.
41
Zaer, Hamed, Wei Fan, Dariusz Orlowski, Andreas N. Glud, Anne S. M. Andersen, M. Bret Schneider, John R. Adler, Albrecht Stroh, and Jens C. H. Sørensen. "A Perspective of International Collaboration Through Web-Based Telecommunication–Inspired by COVID-19 Crisis." Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 14 (November 23, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2020.577465.
Full textAbstract:
The tsunami effect of the COVID-19 pandemic is affecting many aspects of scientific activities. Multidisciplinary experimental studies with international collaborators are hindered by the closing of the national borders, logistic issues due to lockdown, quarantine restrictions, and social distancing requirements. The full impact of this crisis on science is not clear yet, but the above-mentioned issues have most certainly restrained academic research activities. Sharing innovative solutions between researchers is in high demand in this situation. The aim of this paper is to share our successful practice of using web-based communication and remote control software for real-time long-distance control of brain stimulation. This solution may guide and encourage researchers to cope with restrictions and has the potential to help expanding international collaborations by lowering travel time and costs.
42
Hyder, Adnan A., Waleed Zafar, Joseph Ali, Robert Ssekubugu, Paul Ndebele, and Nancy Kass. "Evaluating institutional capacity for research ethics in Africa: a case study from Botswana." BMC Medical Ethics 14, no. 1 (July 30, 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6939-14-31.
Full text
43
"Az ipari forradalmak és az infokommunikációs fejlődés földrajzi összefüggései a nemzetközi szakirodalom tükrében." Földrajzi Közlemények 145, no. 2 (May 26, 2021): 89–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.32643/fk.145.2.1.
Full textAbstract:
Several industrial revolutions have occurred historically that can be considered important milestones in the history of mankind. Each of them has brought about enormous social and economic changes and their feats of engineering have also considerably contributed to the development of telecommunications. Based on the international literature, the main aim of this study is to demonstrate the connection between industrial revolutions and the development of telecommunication in a historical context. The article also attempts to reveal some geographical aspects of this relationship, focusing on the third and fourth industrial revolutions when the development of telecommunications accelerated as well. Different research has proven that info-communication has had a great impact on economic development as well as on location choice, employment, and regional development. However, the geographical consequences of the fourth industrial revolution in particular cannot be seen clearly yet, as spatial changes require more time, but in the future they can be very significant on both global and local levels.
44
Poku, Ohemaa B., Ari R. Ho-Foster, Patlo Entaile, Supriya Misra, Haitisha Mehta, Shathani Rampa, Melody Goodman, et al. "‘Mothers moving towards empowerment’ intervention to reduce stigma and improve treatment adherence in pregnant women living with HIV in Botswana: study protocol for a pragmatic clinical trial." Trials 21, no. 1 (October 7, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13063-020-04676-6.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background With high rates of HIV and multiple vulnerable subgroups across diverse settings, there is a need for culturally based, HIV stigma reduction interventions. Pregnant women who are living with HIV are especially in need of services to protect not only their own but also their children’s lives. Uptake of HIV services worldwide is hindered by stigma towards persons living with HIV/AIDS. While cultural context plays a key role in shaping HIV stigma, these insights have not yet been fully integrated into stigma reduction strategies. By utilizing the “What Matters Most” stigma framework, we propose that an intervention to counter culturally salient aspects of HIV stigma will improve treatment adherence and other relevant outcomes. A pragmatic clinical trial in Botswana will evaluate the “Mothers Moving towards Empowerment” (MME) intervention, which seeks to address HIV stigma in Botswana and to specifically engage pregnant mothers so as to promote antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence in the postpartum period. Methods This study will test MME against treatment as usual (TAU) among pregnant mothers diagnosed with HIV and their infants. Outcomes will be assessed during pregnancy and 16 weeks postpartum. Women who meet eligibility criteria are assigned to MME or TAU. Women assigned to MME are grouped with others with similar estimated delivery dates, completing up to eight intervention group sessions scheduled before week 36 of their pregnancies. Primary outcomes among mothers include (i) reducing self-stigma, which is hypothesized to mediate improvements in (ii) psychological outcomes (quality of life, depression and social functioning), and (iii) adherence to antenatal care and ART. We will also examine a set of follow-up infant birth outcomes (APGAR score, preterm delivery, mortality (at < 16 weeks), birth weight, vaccination record, and HIV status). Discussion Our trial will evaluate MME, a culturally based HIV stigma reduction intervention using the “What Matters Most” framework, to reduce stigma and improve treatment adherence among pregnant women and their infants. This study will help inform further refinement of MME and preparation for a future large-scale, multisite, randomized controlled trial (RCT) in Botswana. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03698981. Registered on October 8, 2018
45
Yang, Lawrence H., Ari R. Ho-Foster, Timothy D. Becker, Supriya Misra, Shathani Rampa, Ohemaa B. Poku, Patlo Entaile, Melody Goodman, and Michael B. Blank. "Psychometric Validation of a Scale to Assess Culturally-Salient Aspects of HIV Stigma Among Women Living with HIV in Botswana: Engaging “What Matters Most” to Resist Stigma." AIDS and Behavior, August 24, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-020-03012-y.
Full text
46
Devadas, Pallavi, Jigyasa Sharma, and Mansi Talwar. "Impact of Mobile Applications: Comparative Analysis of Users and Non-users of Smartphones in Delhi NCR." IMS Manthan (The Journal of Innovations) 8, no. 2 (September 15, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.18701/imsmanthan.v8i2.5145.
Full textAbstract:
Communication is one of the most important aspects of dealing and analysing people. Man initially communicated with gestures, and gradually with words, which lead to sentences. Today communication has expanded into a larger context. Over a century we have changed from letters and telegraphs to mobile phones and social networks. There are a lot of new means of communication which have made our life so simple and easy going. Mobile phones can be seen as the most used present day phenomenon in this fast growing time. Mobile phone is a revolutionary step in the field of telecommunication. However, communication’s basic purpose has not changed, especially in the work place, and that is to accurately convey information from one person to another (or multiple people). Smartphones have completely changed the concept of the telephoning. Now a phone is not only a mere phone but it is a lot in itself and this is possible with the introduction of mobile applications which have made our life easier and faster. Mobile applications have triggered a revolution globally. Now, smartphones know everything - where people go, what they search for, what they buy, what they do for fun and when they go to bed.
47
Ralefala, Dimpho, Mary Kasule, Ambroise Wonkam, Mogomotsi Matshaba, and Jantina de Vries. "Do solidarity and reciprocity obligations compel African researchers to feedback individual genetic results in genomics research?" BMC Medical Ethics 21, no. 1 (November 4, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12910-020-00549-4.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background A key ethical question in genomics research relates to whether individual genetic research results should be disclosed to research participants and if so, which results are to be disclosed, by whom and when. Whilst this issue has received only scarce attention in African bioethics discourse, the extension of genomics research to the African continent has brought it into sharp focus. Methods In this qualitative study, we examined the views of adolescents, parents and caregivers participating in a paediatric and adolescent HIV-TB genomic study in Botswana on how solidarity and reciprocity obligations could guide decisions about feedback of individual genetic research results. Data were collected using deliberative focus group discussions and in-depth interviews. Results Findings from 93 participants (44 adolescents and 49 parents and caregivers) demonstrated the importance of considering solidarity and reciprocity obligations in decisions about the return of individual genetic research results to participants. Participants viewed research participation as a mutual relationship and expressed that return of research results would be one way in which research participation could be reciprocated. They noted that when reciprocity obligations are respected, participants feel valued and not respecting reciprocity expectations could undermine participant trust and participation in future studies. Conclusions We conclude that expectations of solidarity and reciprocity could translate into an obligation to feedback selected individual genetic research results in African genomics research.
48
Singh, Neha, and Cheshta Kapuria. "The effect of sustainability on foreign direct investment inflows: evidence from developing countries." Social Responsibility Journal ahead-of-print, ahead-of-print (June 8, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/srj-08-2019-0289.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose This paper aims to analyse, the issue concerning the quality of inward foreign direct investments (FDI) by empirically investigating the role of four sustainability determinants of FDI, namely, economic, environmental, social and governance using data from 22 developing countries of the Asian region over a period from 2000–2016. Design/methodology/approach The methodology adopted to achieve this purpose is dynamic panel estimation (two-step difference generalised method of moments) by developing three econometric models. The data is sourced from the World Development, Worldwide Governance Indicators, International Telecommunication Union and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. Findings The econometric results indicate that, in general, control of corruption, political stability and electricity consumption influence sustainable FDI favourably; and CO2 emissions lower the extent of sustainable FDI. The result underlines deficiencies in the information technology aspect, which has a non-significant yet positive relationship with sustainable FDI. A pertinent finding of this study is that the past value of FDI inflows increases the current year’s FDI inflows in developing countries. Practical implications The findings related to gender and information technology aspects found in this paper will be of interest to both researchers and policymakers for substantially reorienting the sustainability attributes to foreign investment. Originality/value The authors’ main contributions are to encapsulate the conceptual framework into an empirical model by combining all the four dimensions, namely, environmental, economic, social and governance for developing countries.
49
Babiichuk, Valentyna. "INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS PROTECTION ON THE INTERNET." Young Scientist 10, no. 86 (October 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.32839/2304-5809/2020-10-86-14.
Full textAbstract:
The research has been done on the international legal protection of rights and freedoms of Internet users in the context of the rapid grow and development of information and telecommunication technologies, global spread of Internet coverage and extraordinary availability of IT resources. The article demonstrates and analyses precedents of human rights abuses and violations in cyberspace, covers international and national legal instruments countering them, highlights potential methods of human rights and security, examines Internet safety concerning privacy and phenomenon of the overall transformation of private international law in accordance with challenges of the day. Numerous possible measures to protect personal data in cyberspace are listed as well as shortcomings of modern legal regulation in the area of human rights, violations on the Internet, which allow certain private actors to dodge the law. The author reviewed and summarized the main international and national legal acts in the field of human cybersecurity and the general content of it, documents of international organizations, regulating some aspects of cybersecurity were examined as well as some aspects of privacy in social settings and Internet platforms. The article also emphasizes that the comprehensive study of Internet challenges will always be a topical issue, for reasons that innovation and progress are on the rise, and the world faces more and more new and emerging challenges every day. Scientists and lawyers do not have the time and physical ability to analyze and research a great deal of information. They are failing to propose solutions to existing problems and to adapt legal systems to daily changes. The article also has taken note that the accessibility of the Internet could possibly jeopardize democracy. The main idea of research and the key thesis of the article is international and public methods to protect human rights on the cyberspace and also themself protection of users. The author has demonstrated how essential in our on-line work and Internet using safety is. In addition, the author showed how easy our private information could be about to the risk of identity theft and described well-known precedent of such cases.
50
Buzhymska, Kateryna, and Iryna Tsaruk. "DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNET TRADING IN THE AGE OF DIGITALIZATION." State and regions. Series: Economics and Business, no. 2(119) (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.32840/1814-1161/2021-2-5.
Full textAbstract:
The article clarifies the concept of e-commerce and its significance in the modern conditions of the digital economy. It is proposed to consider e-commerce in the modern digitalization environment as a special business model that is rapidly evolving, constantly modernized and has its own characteristics. It is established that business on the Internet should cover the following aspects: establishing contacts with the target audience of customers by attracting attention (advertising, bright site design, etc.), selling goods and services, ensuring full control over payment, delivery and after-sales service. The set of economic, social, electronic-technological, organizational-legal nature factors influencing the spread of e-commerce is generalized. More than ten types of business models suitable for e-commerce have been identified, among the main and most used of which are the following models: B2C – company-consumer; B2B – company-company; C2B – consumer-company; C2C – consumer-consumer. The modern tendencies of formation and development of Internet trade in the world and in Ukraine in the conditions of a viral pandemic are investigated. The factors that will affect the additional growth of online sales in Ukraine are listed in the order of their consideration, among which the following are highlighted: new buyers on the Internet; insulation at home; increase in the frequency of purchases in the month following the isolation; the transition of some people to remote work; growth of online sales of everyday goods; falling purchasing power and consumer activity in the market. Proposals for further development of e-commerce in Ukraine are substantiated, among which are: continued formation of communication and telecommunication infrastructure; revision and harmonization of the current regulatory framework in the field of e-commerce; stimulating the development of online applications for business; organization of events on teaching the Internet and information technology in business; conducting information and educational campaigns among citizens; promoting the development of the electronic money market and the promotion of electronic wallets, etc.