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Journal articles on the topic 'Telecommunication – Switching systems'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 January 2023

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1

Hughes, C. J. "Software Engineering for Telecommunication Switching Systems." Electronics and Power 32, no. 8 (1986): 610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ep.1986.0362.

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Malygin, S. V., and M. L. Schwartz. "Peculiarities of construction of clock network synchronization systems for distributed communication networks." Informatization and communication 1 (January 2021): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.34219/2078-8320-2021-12-1-29-40.

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Modern high-speed telecommunication networks with time division multiplexing (TDM) based on nx64kBit/s channel switching cannot function without a high-quality network synchronization system, which is designed to ensure the reliability and stability of the formation, switching and processing of information in digital channels. The clock synchronization system is based on the transmission of the reference frequency from the primary clock to all digital equipment of the telecommunication network through the high-speed streams of transmission systems. However, in the case of distributed communica

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3

Elshiewy, Nabiel A. "Logic programming for real-time control of telecommunication switching systems." Journal of Logic Programming 8, no. 1-2 (1990): 121–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0743-1066(90)90054-9.

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NUMAI, T. "SEMICONDUCTOR WAVELENGTH TUNABLE OPTICAL FILTERS." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 02, no. 04 (1993): 643–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218199193000383.

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Wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) lightwave transmission systems and wavelength-division (WD) photonic switching systems are attractive for improvement in line capacity for lightwave telecommunication services, because they utilize a huge wavelength (frequency) domain as signal channels. Wavelength tunable optical filters are key devices for these WDM and WD systems in direct detection scheme. In particular, semiconductor wavelength tunable optical filters are suitable for monolithic integration with photonic devices such as semiconductor lasers, switches and detectors. Also, the switchin

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Sorrentino, Marco, and Alena Trifirò. "Model-Based Diagnosis of Telecommunication Cooling Systems Malfunctioning." E3S Web of Conferences 238 (2021): 10003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123810003.

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A model is developed that allows simulating the most-likely failures possibly occurring in freecooling (FC) systems of telecommunication (TLC) switching rooms. Main aim is to provide an effective and online implementable diagnosis method, which in turn will allow fulfilling the threefold function of safeguarding electronic equipment, ensuring desired air quality in case of human presence and reducing malfunction-related waste of energy. Specifically in this work, obstruction (reduction of the volumetric flow of air introduced into the room) and loss of efficiency (degradation of the fan) are d

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Trujillo, Odair A., Nicolás Toro-García, and Fredy E. Hoyos. "PID controller using rapid control prototyping techniques." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 9, no. 3 (2019): 1645. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v9i3.pp1645-1655.

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To analyze the performance of the PID controller in a buck type converter implemented in real time. We begin by designing a continuous controller using the analytical method for calculating PIDs. Pulse width modulation is then used and bifurcation diagrams analyzed to reveal some problems of switching and sampling time. The model converter is then implemented with a PID controller in dSPACE. The experimental results provide detailed requirements of sampling frequency and switching speed, and show the performance of the PID controller. Converters are used in power generation solar systems and c

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Ozaki, Hirokazu, Atsushi Kara, and Zixue Cheng. "User‐perceived availability of priority shared protection systems." International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management 28, no. 1 (2011): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02656711111097562.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to derive the user‐perceived availability of M‐for‐N shared protection systems composed of multiple user groups, each with a protection‐switching priority.Design/methodology/approachThe paper assumes a shared protection system with M protection units and N working units. The memoryless state transition diagram viewed from the system administrator, combined with combinatorial analysis of state probabilities on protection switching, yields a generic formula of the availability viewed from an arbitrary end user.FindingsThe numerical examples of availability rev

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Vytovtov, K. A., E. A. Barabanova, and V. M. Vishnevsky. "High-performance 1×4 - demultiplexer for next-generation all-optical telecommunication systems." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2127, no. 1 (2021): 012068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2127/1/012068.

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Abstract In this paper the new 1×4 optical demultiplexer for next-generation all-optical switching systems is proposed. The controlled mirrors are the main elements of this device. The control voltage for this mirror is generated by a rectenna from an optical control signal. In according to operation principle this optical signal enters the system simultaneously with an information signal. The analytical approach of calculation energy losses in the demultiplexer based on the translation matrix method is proposed. And also the analytical method of performance calculation is offered for the firs

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M, Sivasindhu, and P. Samundiswary. "Performance evaluation of GaAs photonic crystal based directional coupler all optical switch." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.29 (2018): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.29.18799.

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In future, the telecommunication systems will be totally based upon the photonic integrated circuits and components for the transmission of optical signals. Since optical signals offer high speed, less delay and higher efficiency. This introduces a new research area for photonic crystal based optical components like optical switch, multiplexer, optical filters etc. Among these devices, the optical switch draws more attention due to its primary switching operation. Hence, this paper deals with the modified design structure of GaAs photonic crystal based directional coupler all optical switch wh

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Krile, Srećko, Dragan Peraković, and Vladimir Remenar. "Possible Collision Avoidance with Off-line Route Selection." PROMET - Traffic&Transportation 21, no. 6 (2012): 403–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v21i6.257.

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The paper describes the traffic flow problems in telecommunication networks based on the Internet protocol. The main aim of telecommunication network operator today is to offer an SLA (Service Level Agreement) contract to end users, with provided QoS (Quality of Service) for different classes of services. In order to achieve this, it is necessary to establish the routes between marginal network nodes meeting the network traffic requirements and optimizing the network performances free of simultaneous flows conflicts. In DiffServ/MPLS (Multi-Protocol Label Switching) networks traffic flows trav

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Iazeolla, Giuseppe, and Alessandra Pieroni. "Energy Saving in Data Processing and Communication Systems." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/452863.

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The power management of ICT systems, that is, data processing (Dp) and telecommunication (Tlc) systems, is becoming a relevant problem in economical terms. Dp systems totalize millions of servers and associated subsystems (processors, monitors, storage devices, etc.) all over the world that need to be electrically powered. Dp systems are also used in the government of Tlc systems, which, besides requiring Dp electrical power, also requireTlc-specificpower, both formobilenetworks (with their cell-phone towers and associated subsystems: base stations, subscriber stations, switching nodes, etc.)

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Gastaldi, L., C. Rigo, D. Campi, et al. "Multiple Quantum Well Heterostructures Showing Optical Nonlinearities at Low Intensity and Fast Recovery." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 07, no. 01 (1998): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863598000041.

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This paper focuses on photogenerated carrier nonlinearities in InGaAs/InAlAs quantum wells (QWs) that use low optical power, display a relatively fast recovery time (280 ps down to 35 ps), and excellent optical properties in terms of the sharpness of the absorption edge. A guided-wave, all-optical switching device is demonstrated as an application, at a wavelength which is of interest to telecommunication systems (1.55 μm) and requires low control energy (<0.3 pJ/pulse). A key issue here is that the controlled introduction of defects in the QW heterostructures allows the time response to be

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Kruglikov, S. V., and A. Yu Zalizka. "Synthesis of wireless telecommunication network with adaptation to refusals of central elements of average and high intensity." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Physical-Technical Series 65, no. 1 (2020): 117–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1561-8358-2020-65-1-117-128.

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A technique of synthesis of a wireless digital communication network with package switching, providing transfer of video messages of real time scale between elements of multipurpose information-operating system in conditions of high failure rate of central elements, is considered. As conceptual model of a telecommunication network – the network of the mixed structure, including multipurpose devices, constructed on the basis of standards of a broadband radio access with switching of packages and two interconnected levels of network interaction of elements (local and main) is accepted. The techn

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Sayed, Khairy, and Ahmed G. Abo-Khalil. "An Interleaved Two Switch Soft-Switching Forward PWM Power Converter with Current Doubler Rectifier." Electronics 11, no. 16 (2022): 2551. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11162551.

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Forward converters have been broadly used in the power supply industry due to their simplicity, worthy efficiency, and low cost. A novel prototype soft-switched zero-voltage and zero-current ZVZC PWM DC-DC power converter with low voltage/current stresses is introduced for telecommunication power feeding in this paper. A new two-switch interleaved forward converter circuit is introduced to minimalize current circulation with no supplementary auxiliary snubber circuits. This converter circuit includes some outstanding benefits such as reduced components, improved efficiency, high power density

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Bouaouina, Mohamed Salah, Mohamed Redha Lebbal, Mohamed Bouchemat, and Touraya Bouchemat. "Enhanced prompt trigger optical switching using nonlinear photonic crystal ring resonator for application on all-optical AND/NAND and OR/NOR logic function." Frequenz 76, no. 3-4 (2021): 145–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/freq-2021-0110.

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Abstract Nowadays, the development of optical telecommunication systems requires more efficient all-optical elements appreciation to their high data transmission speeds and reduced electromagnetic interferences. In this work, our objective is to attest by simulation a design of an optical switch using 2D photonic crystals from polystyrene, an organic polymeric material with high Kerr non-linearity. This excellent ultra-fast switching leads us to the exploited in the construction of two new structures of all-optical AND/NAND and OR/NOR logic gates. These structures based on non-linear ring reso

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AEI. "Telecommunication switching. State of the art. Impact on networks and services. Part 1." Signal Processing 9, no. 2 (1985): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1684(85)90038-6.

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AEI. "Telecommunication switching. State of the art. Impact on networks and services. Part 2." Signal Processing 9, no. 2 (1985): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-1684(85)90039-8.

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Sharma, Kohli, Brière, Ménard, and Nabki. "Translational MEMS Platform for Planar Optical Switching Fabrics." Micromachines 10, no. 7 (2019): 435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi10070435.

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While 3-D microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) allow switching between a large number of ports in optical telecommunication networks, the development of such systems often suffers from design, fabrication and packaging constraints due to the complex structures, the wafer bonding processes involved, and the tight alignment tolerances between different components. In this work, we present a 2-D translational MEMS platform capable of highly efficient planar optical switching through integration with silicon nitride (SiN) based optical waveguides. The discrete lateral displacement provided by sim

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Tu, Xin, Chaolong Song, Tianye Huang, Zhenmin Chen, and Hongyan Fu. "State of the Art and Perspectives on Silicon Photonic Switches." Micromachines 10, no. 1 (2019): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi10010051.

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In the last decade, silicon photonic switches are increasingly believed to be potential candidates for replacing the electrical switches in the applications of telecommunication networks, data center and high-throughput computing, due to their low power consumption (Picojoules per bit), large bandwidth (Terabits per second) and high-level integration (Square millimeters per port). This review paper focuses on the state of the art and our perspectives on silicon photonic switching technologies. It starts with a review of three types of fundamental switch engines, i.e., Mach-Zehnder interferomet

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Gorbachev, A. P., and Yu N. Parshin. "PRINTED DIPOLE 8-BEAM ANTENNA ARRAY WITH CHART-FORMING MATRIX BUTLER ON CONNECTED STRIP LINES." Issues of radio electronics, no. 4 (May 10, 2019): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21778/2218-5453-2019-4-65-70.

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The results of the analysis of the printed 8-beam antenna array with an operating frequency of 2.2 GHz are presented. Charting devices made on the basis of the Butler matrix are widely used in modern telecommunication and radar systems and complexes. Forming in space a fan of independent radiation patterns, such arrays provide both scanning in azimuth and elevation and switching several transmitters to different directions. This ensures a high efficiency of a multipath planar phased antenna array, and reduces its overall dimensions. To test the features of the implementation of the 8-input But

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Chen, Aihui, Yaobin Lu, Sumeet Gupta, and Qi Xiaolin. "Can Customer Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction Coexist? An Issue of Telecommunication Service in China." Journal of Information Technology 29, no. 3 (2014): 237–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/jit.2013.26.

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Although the telecommunication industry in China is growing at a fast pace, and firms are making strong efforts to provide customers with various services, customer switching continues to be high. Satisfaction has been considered as one of the most important antecedent of customer loyalty. However, little attention has been paid to dissatisfaction, a qualitatively different construct from satisfaction, which also influences loyalty. Relying on the two-factor and three-factor theory, this research proposes a theoretical framework to demonstrate the coexistence of customer satisfaction and dissa

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Sazonov, Konstantin, Maxim Tatarka, Andrey Tsyganov, and Vitaliy Bessolcev. "Identification of Subscriber Terminals of Infocommunication Networks based on the Model of Forming Images in Modern Computer Systems." SPIIRAS Proceedings 19, no. 2 (2020): 446–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.15622/sp.2020.19.2.8.

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One of the important tasks of such theories as theories of pattern recognition and the theory of information security, is the task of identifying terminals of information and telecommunication networks. The relevance of the topic is due to the need to study methods for identifying computer network terminals and build information security systems based on the knowledge gained. The main parameters that allow uniquely identifying subscriber terminals in the network are address-switching information, as well as a number of parameters characterizing the software and hardware of the comp

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Ibrаhimov, B. G., and K. M. Tahirova. "METHOD FOR CALCULATION MAXIMUM THROUGHPUT HIDDEN CHANNELS IN SYSTEMS OF STEGANOGRAPHIC COMMUNICATIONS." T-Comm 16, no. 9 (2022): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.36724/2072-8735-2022-16-9-40-45.

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An analysis of the performance indicators multiservice telecommunication networks using the sixth technological order based on the NGN (Next Generation Network) architectural concept and future FN (Future Networks) networks was carried out to build high-performance steganographic systems with increased covert channels through-put, ensuring the achievement of a certain level information security. Comprehensive criteria for the efficiency the functioning steganographic systems are considered and the channel capacity of the steganosystem as a communication system with packet switching is selected

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Jarvenpaa, Sirkka L., and Claudia Loebbecke. "Strategic Management Implications of a Consumer Value Perspective on Mobile Tv." Journal of Information Technology 24, no. 2 (2009): 202–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/jit.2008.33.

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Understanding of consumer experienced value in mobile services continues to be a strategic issue in the information systems literature. This is no different with Mobile TV that has become feasible with the convergence of telecommunication infrastructures, computer technology, and media content services. Mobile TV offerings are defined as real-time broadcast transmissions of content to mobile devices. We review mobile services literatures on consumer value creation and identify a gap in our understanding of how supplier firm's consumer-focused strategies may aid in consumption processes and the

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Malik, Geetika, Shweta Upadhyaya, and Richa Sharma. "Particle Swarm Optimization and Maximum Entropy Results for MX/G/1 Retrial G-Queue with Delayed Repair." International Journal of Mathematical, Engineering and Management Sciences 6, no. 2 (2021): 541–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.33889/ijmems.2021.6.2.033.

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This paper examines an MX/G/1 retrial model with negative customers including the concepts of working vacation, Bernoulli feedback, delayed repair, state-dependent and multi-optional services. Such a queue is quite relevant in real world, for instance in computer systems, manufacturing organisations, packet-switching networks, telecommunication systems, etc. The arrival pattern of customers is according to Poisson distribution. The service is such that first essential service (FES) is provided to every customer and second optional service (SOS) is provided in k phases to those who wants to opt

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WADA, OSAMU. "ADVANCES IN OPTOELECTRONIC INTEGRATION." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 01, no. 01 (1990): 47–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156490000046.

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Optoelectronic integration, in which optoelectronic devices such as lasers and photodiodes are integrated with different optoelectronic and/or electronic devices together, is expected to be a key technology in developing future lightwave systems. This is because of its potential advantages in realizing high-performance, high-manufacturability and high-functionality in optoelectronic components, which have not been developed fully due to the limit of using conventional discrete devices and assembly technique. Optoelectronic integrated transmitters and receivers are currently being developed for

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Tsiligirides, T. "Teleworking: An Information Technology Tool for Integrated Broadband Communication Development in Rural Areas of Europe." Journal of Information Technology 8, no. 4 (1993): 241–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026839629300800405.

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Information technology has an increasing impact in the development of rural areas but the development and implementation of telematic services in these areas present special problems such as the appropriate mix of communication technologies, the commercial prospects of recovering the cost of investment, the social problems etc., which currently limit their effective use. With the recent introduction of narrowband ISDN (Integrated Services Data Networks) in Europe it is now possible to offer various services on a single subscriber line. In addition, with the development of both high reliable fi

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Hinton, H. S. "Photonics in switching (systems for telecommunications)." IEEE LTS 3, no. 3 (1992): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/80.167001.

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Wang, Kuan-Yuan, Cheng-Sheng Chen, Hui-Mei Chen, and I.-Te Chen. "A Pilot Study of an Innovative Model of Care Delivery: Service Robot for Older People with Dementia in a Rural Community." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (2020): 927–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.3402.

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Abstract Background: The telehealth approach offers enhanced service delivery for older patients living in rural areas. Purpose: We conducted a pilot study to evaluate the feasibility of using the Zenbo robot to improve the quality of care of elderly individuals with dementia. Methodology: In this study, we developed a digital solution on service robots and smart devices, which can leverage the capacity of the user-friendly interactive interface and digital dialog system. A group of eleven volunteered older adults was selected for this study. To assess the likability and acceptance of the Zenb

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Healy, E. "Book reviews - Optoelectronic switching systems in telecommunications and computers." IEEE Communications Magazine 24, no. 11 (1986): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcom.1986.1092977.

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Likhttsinder, Boris Ya, and Yulia O. Bakai. "DELAYS IN QUEUES OF QUEUING SYSTEMS WITH STATIONARY REQUESTS FLOWS." T-Comm 15, no. 2 (2021): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.36724/2072-8735-2021-15-2-54-58.

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During all periods of the study of telecommunications systems traffic, the analysis was based on mass service theory. The subjects of the study here are request flows to be processed by some limited performance resources. Resource constraints and the random nature of requests’ receipt lead to refusals in processing or queues. The first works devoted to the analysis of teletraffic belong to A. K. Erlang. Request flows represented flows of requests for connections in networks with channel switching. Since requests were received from a large number of independent users, the flows of such requests

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Alekseev, V. М., and S. N. Chichkov. "Information security in intelligent mass transit management systems." Dependability 22, no. 3 (2022): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.21683/1729-26462022-22-3-62-68.

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Aim. The paper examines matters related to the definition of the architecture and requirements for data communication networks as part of intelligent mass transit management systems. Methods. The paper suggests a network architecture using multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) technology and traffic routing. If the core of a local area network is implemented using fully-connected topology, the use of flow labels allows predefining information exchange routes between servers and applications of an information and telecommunications network (ITS). Multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) is the found

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Krishnan, M. S., Tridas Mukhopadhyay, and Charles H. Kriebel. "A Decision Model for Software Maintenance." Information Systems Research 15, no. 4 (2004): 396–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/isre.1040.0037.

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In this paper we address the problem of increasing software maintenance costs in a custom software development environment, and develop a stochastic decision model for the maintenance of information systems. Based on this modeling framework, we derive an optimal decision rule for software systems maintenance, and present sensitivity analysis of the optimal policy. We illustrate an application of this model to a large telecommunications switching software system, and present sensitivity analysis of the optimal state for major upgrade derived from our model. Our modeling framework also allows fo

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Maicas, Juan Pablo, Yolanda Polo, and Francisco Javier Sese. "The Role of (Personal) Network Effects and Switching Costs in Determining Mobile Users’ Choice." Journal of Information Technology 24, no. 2 (2009): 160–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/jit.2008.35.

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Network effects and switching costs are two major economic forces in information technology industries. Although the consequences of these mechanisms on competition and firm strategy have been well documented in the literature, research on their impact on customer behavior has received less attention. In this study, the authors investigate the role of personal network effects and switching costs in explaining customer choice in the Spanish mobile telecommunications industry. Personal network effects are present when an individual user's utility increases more when some individuals adopt (socia

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Weik, Hartmut. "Richard A. Thompson, Telephone Switching Systems, Artech House telecommunications library, 2000, 500 pages. ISBN 1580530885." Computer Communications 24, no. 18 (2001): 1855. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-3664(01)00326-7.

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Kazansky, N. A., and P. I. Lysyuk. "Methods of Analysis and Synthesis of Switching Circuits of Photonic Switches Using the Example of Spanke Architecture." World of Transport and Transportation 19, no. 5 (2022): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2021-19-5-2.

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The development of high-speed rail requires introduction of new telecommunications technology implemented in an integrated digital technological communication system (IDTC). Features of building such systems comprise provision of switching optical data channels using photonic switches (PS). Switching processes in PS occur at the photon (optical) level. A feature of construction of PS is the use of multi-tier topologies, performed using binary switches (BSs). BS is the simplest switching element with the number of input/output ports equal to one or two. The concepts for constructing PS are base

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Alili, Aimad, Mamadou Baïlo Camara, and Brayima Dakyo. "Vienna Rectifier-Based Control of a PMSG Wind Turbine Generator." Processes 10, no. 2 (2022): 413. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10020413.

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Vienna converters have several advantages, including low construction costs, improved total harmonics, and considerable reliability. Generally, they are used in applications with a high switching frequency, particularly in telecommunications, and their use in power generation systems is recent but promising. They can be an interesting solution for medium and large wind power systems as they have the advantage of a high power density compared to traditional two-level converters. In this paper, a wind energy production system based on a Vienna rectifier and the permanent magnet synchronous gener

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Berger, A. W. "Comparison of call gapping and percent blocking for overload control in distributed switching systems and telecommunications networks." IEEE Transactions on Communications 39, no. 4 (1991): 574–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/26.81746.

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Abdul Ghani, Ahmad Faiz, Mhd Hazwaj Poad, Afarulrazi Abu Bakar, Siti Nuraini Norazman, and Mohd Azlee Noor Amran. "Power losses analysis of multiphase DC-DC buck converter using OrCAD PSpice software." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 11, no. 3 (2022): 1723–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v11i3.3851.

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DC-DC buck converters have wide applications in portable electronic devices, battery chargers, and telecommunications. However, single-phase DC-DC buck converters have some drawbacks, especially in high current applications, where the increase in the size of the inductor will increase power losses, which significantly affects the overall efficiency of the converter. The multiphase configuration offers several advantages, such as reduction in output voltage ripple, input current ripple, conduction loss, and the physical size of the hardware. This paper presents an analysis of the power losses o

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Arnomo, Ilham. "Authentication Comparison of Telecommunications Technology Using A3, A8, A5 and Rijndael Algorithms." Jurnal INFORM 3, no. 2 (2018): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.25139/inform.v3i2.1031.

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The purpose of the research is to analyze the comparison of technology, network and security aspect between CDMA and GSM (Global System for Car communication). Using a comparative analysis research method between CDMA and GSM technologies that includes comparisons of network, technology, and security aspects. Using references from previous research on cellular telecommunications, the introduction of CDMA and GSM technologies to aspects of technology, networking and security. The results show that the technological aspect, CDMA used advanced spectrum technology that can provide superior sound q

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Low, Yee L., Ronald E. Scotti, David A. Ramsey, Cristian A. Bolle, Steven P. O’Neill, and Khanh C. Nguyen. "Packaging of Optical MEMS Devices." Journal of Electronic Packaging 125, no. 3 (2003): 325–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1535933.

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Recently, optical MEMS devices have gained considerable attention in the telecommunications industry—particularly in the optical networking and switching arenas. Since optical MEMS are micro-systems which rely on high precision optics, electronics and mechanics working in close concert, these emerging devices pose some unique packaging challenges yet to be addressed by the general packaging industry. Optical MEMS packages often are required to provide both optical and electrical access, hermeticity, mechanical strength, dimensional stability, and long-term reliability. Hermetic optical access

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Ali, Saif Mohammed, Haider Mshali, Amer S. Elameer, Mustafa Musa Jaber, and Sura Khalil Abd. "Applying switching and multiple access model for reducing packet loss and network overheads in watm." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 6, no. 9 (114) (2021): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.249474.

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As an effectual simple wireless equivalent created in the telecommunications (telephone) industry, Wireless Asynchronous Transfer Mode (WATM) is utilized to stream unified traffics like video, data, and voice data. In the asynchronous data transfer mode, voice data transfer a packet with the same medium, and data share the networks and burst data. Effective WATM data transmission requires an extensive array of designs, techniques used for control, and simulation methodologies. The congestion of the network is among the key challenges that lower the entire WATM performance during this procedure

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Pavlikov, S. N., E. Yu Kopaeva, Yu Yu Kolesov, and A. N. Kryuchkov. "TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF MARINE INTEGRATED COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS." H&ES Research 14, no. 4 (2022): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.36724/2409-5419-2022-14-4-19-25.

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The goal is to improve the quality of information interaction of objects by increasing the reliability of message delivery to recipients and bandwidth through the integration of networks using various signals and physical channels. A search for new technical solutions for the creation of integrated (hybrid) communication technologies aimed at expanding the possibilities for creating adaptive, self organizing, resistant to destabilizing factors communication systems with an increased quality of services provided in vast areas was carried out. The method of solving the tasks is based on the anal

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LEDOUX, I., and J. ZYSS. "NONLINEAR ORGANIC MOLECULES AND MATERIALS FOR OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 03, no. 03 (1994): 287–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218199194000183.

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The development of important applications related to optical telecommunications and optical signal processing rely increasingly on nonlinear optical phenomena underlying these optical functions such as frequency conversion and modulation, amplification and emission, multiplexing and directional switching, optical logical gates, and others. This will depend on the design, elaboration and availability of new materials displaying enhanced nonlinearities to be subsequently integrated into waveguiding devices. Organic materials are noteworthy candidates in this context, provided their microscopic a

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"5388258 Software structure for telecommunication switching systems." Expert Systems with Applications 9, no. 2 (1995): IV. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0957-4174(95)98715-u.

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"Churn rate prediction in Telecommunication systems." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 8, no. 6 (2019): 4720–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.f9225.088619.

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The broad view of chum rate measures the amount of individuals or items comes out of a collective group over a predefined time period. Many challenges linked with the churn rates in the telecom industry rise in increasing competition with the elimination of switching costs. The customer loyalty over the telecom industry exists along with the service provider struggling to offer improved services with the lower cost. Many author reviews depends on the churn rate prediction in the field of telecommunication sector discussed with the paper. The paper talk about an idea related with an application

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Yakymchuk, N. M. "Statistical models of network traffic." Connectivity 149, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.31673/2412-9070.2021.012734.

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The article considers the issues of statistical modeling of traffic in telecommunication networks with packet switching. The simulation results are used in the development of network technical condition management systems, in particular, diagnostics, troubleshooting and network configuration management. The peculiarities of congestion control of separate network segments are emphasized. With improper analysis the overload condition can be mistaken for equipment failure. Therefore, control and elimination of congestion is a statistical task. The concept of end-to-end network diagnostics is cons

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"Optical time-switching systems." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences 329, no. 1603 (1989): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1989.0061.

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Within recent years there has been a significant amount of interest in applying the new and developing photonics technology for telecommunications switching. As the transmission plant has converted its facilities to fibre there is an economic interest in completing the optical path through the switching system to the terminal facilities without requiring optical-to-electrical conversions. This paper reviews some of the proposed switching systems that use time-multiplexed switching and discusses how, and if, they could fit into current telecommunications networks.

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"Artificial Intelligence on the Move: A Revolutionary Technology." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering 8, no. 4 (2019): 12112–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.d7293.118419.

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People have used technology to improve themselves throughout the human history. From the ancient times, human beings tried to get their work done by human slaves or inanimate machines. To build intelligent agents each new technology has been exploited. Clockwise, hydraulics, telephone switching systems, holograms, analog computers and digital computers have all been suggested both as mechanisms for intelligent agent and as technological metaphors for intelligence. A new invention of computer system is known as Artificial Intelligence that can perform tasks with the help of human intelligence.

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Harley, Ross. "Light-Air-Portals: Visual Notes on Differential Mobility." M/C Journal 12, no. 1 (2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/mcj.132.

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0. IntroductionIf we follow the line of much literature surrounding airports and urban mobility, the emphasis often falls on the fact that these spaces are designed to handle the mega-scale and super-human pace of mass transit. Airports have rightly been associated with velocity, as zones of rapid movement managed by enormous processing systems that guide bodies and things in transit (Pascoe; Pearman; Koolhaas; Gordon; Fuller & Harley). Yet this emphasis tends to ignore the spectrum of tempos and flows that are at play in airport terminals — from stillness to the much exalted hyper-rapidit

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