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1
Noble, Grant. "Individual Differences, Psychological Neighbourhoods and Use of the Domestic Telephone." Media Information Australia 44, no. 1 (May 1987): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x8704400110.
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Published research in the public domain concerning use of the domestic telephone is rare. Even the systematic study of the social consequences of the telephone had, according to Wurtzel & Turner (1977) and Dordick (1983), been relatively neglected. Yet as Aronson (1971) has pointed out, development of telephone systems has been intimately tied to modernisation over the past century. Perhaps it is because the telephone is such an integral part of life that it has been ‘taken for granted’ and thus, as Moyal (1987) points out, has not received the research attention it deserves.
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Tognisse, Ida Sèmévo, and Jules Degila. "Rural Technology Adoption and Use Model in Rural Africa." International Journal of E-Adoption 13, no. 1 (January 2021): 36–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijea.2021010103.
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Mobile telephony networks have seen a high rate of adoption worldwide in recent years. However, these networks do not exist everywhere, and even where they are, their adoption is lagging. Especially in uncovered rural areas, it is difficult to predict the technology's acceptance and adoption factors. This study deals with the usage gap of mobile telephone networks and attempts in a methodological approach based on structural equation modeling to prevent the telephone usage gap in rural Africa yet to be covered. To that purpose, the authors use a research model based on the technology acceptance model (TAM) and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT). By combining these two models and incorporating the moderating effects of demographic variables such as age, gender, education, and experience of technology use, this paper has retained a model with the ability to determine how rural residents will accept and use future networks.
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Balashov, V., A. Lashko, L. Liakhovetsky, V. Oreshkov, and V. Skurikhin. "Evaluation of the Efficiency of the VDSL2 Technology Implementation on the PJSC «Ukrtelecom» Network." Metrology and instruments, no. 5 (October 19, 2018): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33955/2307-2180(5)2018.15-22.
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The work is devoted to the research of achievable data transmission rates by transmission systems using VDSL2 technology (VDSL2-systems) when working on multi-pair telephone cables of the PJSC «Ukrtelecom» network. The architecture of the modernized telecommunications network of the PJSC «Ukrtelecom» is considered. The results of the experimental research of the achievable transmission rate of the transmission systems using VDSL2 technology for multi-pair telephone cables after the access network of the PJSC «Ukrtelecom» modernization, taking into account the crosstalk that occurs during the parallel operation of the VDSL2-systems and the availability of the ADSL2+-systems working in the multi-pair cable, are provided. Analytical modeling of the VDSL2-systems operation taking into account the characteristics of the «Huawei» equipment and domestic telephone cables is performed. The method for calculating of the transmission rate of the VDSL2-systems has been corrected on the basis of the experiments and modeling results. Using the corrected method, the research of the VDSL2-systems transmission rate dependence on the length of the subscriber line, the load coefficient of the multi-pair cable by transmission systems and the external additive noises level is carried out. The recommendations on the implementation of the VDSL2 technology on the PJSC «Ukrtelecom» network based on the results of the research are given.
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V.І., Оreshkov, and Stelia D.O. "RESEARCH OF INTERFERENCE NOISE IN VDSL2 SYSTEMS WHEN OPERATING OVER TPP TYPE TELEPHONE CABLES." Proceedings of the O.S. Popov ОNAT 1, no. 1 (2019): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.33243/2518-7139-2019-1-1-87-96.
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Liu, Wei. "The Research of Network-Based Remote Monitoring Systems in the Scattered Site." Advanced Materials Research 403-408 (November 2011): 2383–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.403-408.2383.
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With the exaltation of the function and the performance of the PLC technique, the application of the industry control network become more and more universal. Particularly In the application whose geography location is scattered and the stand is numerous, it can raise the Networked level completely by a control system renovation. This text mainly introduced PLC network technique which uses PLC as core controller, and makes use of existing telephone network and modem of business as communication line. It enables us to achieve active and passive communication between the master computer and the PLC slave. It focused on solving the call between the PLC and the modem. Finally, it realizeed fully automated monitoring of heat exchanger and water pump station.
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Balashov, V., A. Lashko, L. Lyakhovetsky, V. Oreshkov, and F. Toporkov. "Research of the Electrical Parameters of the Telephone Cable in the Frequency Range Up To 30 MHz." Metrology and instruments, no. 6 (December 28, 2018): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33955/2307-2180(6)2018.47-52.
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The work is devoted to the research of the electrical parameters of the domestic telephone cables in the frequency range from 1 to 30 MHz. The paper presents the results of the experimental determination of the frequency characteristics of the transmission parameters and the crosstalk of the TPPep 10х2х0,4 and TPPepZ 10х2х0,4 types telephone cables produced by ODESKABEL PJSC. The conformity of the domestic production cables with the requirements for digital subscriber line cables for VDSL2 technology services is determined. According to the results of the measurements, approximation formulas for the frequency dependence of the own attenuation, near end crosstalk and equal level far end crosstalk, which are proposed to be used in the modelling of the transmission systems using VDSL2 technology on the domestic broadband access networks based on these cables, are determined.
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Lau, Hakwan, and Navindra Persaud. "Broken telephone in the brain: The need for metacognitive measures." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 30, no. 5-6 (December 2007): 513–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x07002944.
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AbstractThe fact that early visual processing has a larger capacity than later visual processing can be explained without positing distinct systems for phenomenology and cognitive accessibility. While phenomenology may overflow forced-choice reports, the later can also overestimate the former, as in the case of blindsight. Metacognitive measures of awareness offer a way to address the “methodological puzzle” of consciousness research.
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Fleetwood, Michael D., Danielle L. Paige, Chris S. Fick, and Kenneth R. Laughery. "An Analysis of Telephone Messages: Minimizing Unproductive Replay Time." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 46, no. 4 (September 2002): 597–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120204600406.
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This paper reports the results of a research project to study the nature and structure of phone messages and the design characteristics of phone messaging systems that would optimize the retrieval of relevant message information. of particular concern with respect to the structure of a phone message was the location of a phone number left in the message. in order to replay any portion of a message, most messaging systems require the user to listen to the message from its beginning. Because it was found that phone numbers are typically left towards the end of a message, such a system is quite inefficient. One proposed solution is the implementation of a “back” button. A simple equation is employed to optimize the length of time encompassed by the back button, which would result in substantial time savings to users at least 17 seconds per message in which it was used. The ramifications of such time savings are discussed.
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O'Rourke, Justin, Robert J. Kanser, and Marc A. Silva. "A-102 Performance Validity Testing in Telehealth Research: A VA Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems Study." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 36, no. 6 (August 30, 2021): 1151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acab062.120.
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Abstract Objective Studies on Performance Validity Tests (PVTs) for tele-neuropsychology (TeleNP) are sparse. Verbal PVTs appear to better translate to TeleNP, so the primary objective of this study was to provide initial data on two well-established, verbal PVTs administered via TeleNP for research participants with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods This secondary analysis of the Veterans Affairs TBI Model Systems data included 53 participants enrolled in a PVT module study (3/01/2020–09/20/2020) with documented moderate-to-severe TBI per Glasgow Coma Score (M = 6.5, SD = 4.4), posttraumatic amnesia duration (M = 42.7 days, SD = 47.1), and/or time to follow commands (M = 10.5 days, SD = 16.3). Participants completed two PVTs—Reliable Digit Span (RDS) and the 21-Item Test (21-IT)—alongside telephone-based cognitive assessment 1–7 years after TBI. Descriptive analyses were performed to compare PVT performances to previously established cut scores. Chi square analyses were employed to examine 21-IT and RDS as dichotomous outcomes (pass/fail) at selected cutoffs. Results RDS ranged from 5 to 16 (M = 10.5, SD = 2.4). 21-IT ranged from 7 to 21 (M = 16.4, SD = 3.1). For RDS, 9.8% were invalid with a cutscore of ≤7 and 19.6% using a cutscore of ≤8. For the 21-IT, 7.8% were in invalid using a cutscore of ≤11, and 13.7% using a cutscore of ≤12. Conclusion(s) Using previously established cut scores, telephone-administered RDS and 21-IT resulted in relatively low rates of invalid performance among individuals with moderate-to-severe TBI. These findings provide preliminary support for the RDS and 21-IT in TeleNP.
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Chan, Christine, and Izak Benbasat. "Case research on knowledge acquisition: observations and lessons." Knowledge Engineering Review 6, no. 2 (June 1991): 97–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269888900005634.
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AbstractExpert systems are being built despite the widely acknowledged problem of acquiring knowledge from experts. This study attempts to understand how knowledge acquisition is conducted in practice by investigating three expert system development projects. A CASE research methodology is adopted, and data is collected through unobtrusive observation, from taped protocols of knowledge acquisition sessions, retrospective interviews with the participants involved, and deliverables produced. The variables examined include the problem domain, the domain expert, the knowledge engineer, the knowledge acquisition process, the expert system construction process, potential users, organizational setting, and the expert system itself. The knowledge acquisition processes for three expert systems in the domains of law of negligence, telephone line fault diagnosis, and wastewater treatment have been examined. By juxtaposing the observations drawn with findings from the relevant literature, the study makes prescriptive suggestions on considerations and techniques for future acquisition efforts, and provides data for hypothesis generation in further research.
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Maguire, Brian J., Stephen Dean, Richard A. Bissell, Bruce J. Walz, and Andrew K. Bumbak. "Epidemic and Bioterrorism Preparation among Emergency Medical Services Systems." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 22, no. 3 (June 2007): 237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x0000474x.
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AbstractIntroduction:The purpose of this research was to determine the preparedness of emergency medical services (EMS) agencies in one US state to cope with a massive epidemic event.Methods:Data were collected primarily through telephone interviews with EMS officials throughout the State. To provide a comparison, nine out-ofstate emergency services agencies were invited to participate.Results:Emergency medical services agencies from nine of the 23 counties (39%) provided responses to some or all of the questions in the telephone survey. Seven of the nine out-of-state agencies provided responses to the survey. Most of the EMS agencies do not have broad, formal plans for response to large-scale bio-terrorist or pandemic events.Conclusions:The findings indicate that EMS agencies in this state fundamentally are unprepared for a large-scale bioterrorism or pandemic event.The few existing plans rely heavily on mutual aid from agencies that may be incapable of providing such aid. Therefore, EMS agencies must be prepared to manage a response to these incidents without assistance from any agencies outside of their local community. In order to accomplish this, they must begin planning and develop close working relationships with public health, healthcare, and elected officials within their local communities.
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Shi, Jing, Ergin Erdem, Yidong Peng, Peter Woodbridge, and Christopher Masek. "Performance analysis and improvement of a typical telephone response system of VA hospitals." International Journal of Operations & Production Management 35, no. 8 (August 3, 2015): 1098–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijopm-01-2014-0016.
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Purpose – Telephone response system is the frontline of hospital operations. The purpose of this paper is to analyze a representative telephone response system of Veterans Affairs (VA) hospitals, address the existing inefficiency issues such as long call waiting time, and improve system resilience to changes. Design/methodology/approach – Resource sharing schemes are proposed to improve the system performance in answering calls related to appointment booking and medication renewal. Discrete event simulation is adopted to model the current system and the resource sharing schemes. Findings – The resource sharing schemes dramatically improve system performance reflected by the decrease of call waiting time and queue, as well as the extreme high utilization of agents in a key unit. Compared with the less desired alternative of hiring additional employees to mitigate the performance issues, the resource sharing schemes perform at par or even better. Sharing more resource during the peak hours can further balance the agent workload. Practical implications – The resource sharing schemes could alleviate staffing shortage, long waiting time, and high-abandonment rate in the bottle-beck unit of the system, and lead to better utilization of scarce resources on the hospital floor. The concept reflects localized centralization efforts in traditionally highly decentralized telephone operations in hospital systems. Originality/value – This research provides a structured approach to analyze the operations of a VA telephone response system. The developed simulation model is validated, and this provides a valuable tool for management to analyze the complicated telephone operations of the telephone systems of other VA and non-VA hospitals. Resource sharing constitutes a cost-effective solution for improving system performance and resilience.
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Savage, Pamela A., David R. Millen, and Jeanne P. Bayerl. "Designing Features for Display-Based Systems." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 39, no. 3 (October 1995): 182–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129503900302.
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The purpose of this paper is to provide a detailed description of the design process used to identify the optimal implementation of the Caller ID feature for a key/pbx telephone system for small businesses. A multidisciplinary team used an assortment of design methodologies such as: literature reviews, patent searches, competitive analysis, feature simulations, focus group research, focused interviews, and usability testing to generate their final design recommendation, which has recently been awarded a patent. Specifically, this paper will focus on: 1) the competitive analysis that included a product comparison and best-in-class analysis of three commercially available Caller ID products, 2) focus group research in which participants viewed slide show demonstrations of display-based features, made ease of use and feature desirability ratings, and then expressed their views toward the features in structured focus group discussion, and 3) focused interviews with customers who had been given Caller ID display units to trial.
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Morrow, Daniel G., Von O. Leirer, Lisa M. Carver, and Elizabeth Decker Tanke. "Message Repetition Improves Older and Younger Adult Memory for Appointment Information: Implications for Automated Telephone Messaging." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 41, no. 2 (October 1997): 1367. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181397041002141.
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Automated telephone messaging systems have dramatically expanded communication about health services. However, few studies have investigated the design of these messages. Our earlier research examined the impact of organization and length on age differences in memory for appointment messages delivered by an automated telephone messaging system. The present study investigated if message repetition (0, 1, 2 repetitions) improved older (mean age=71) and younger (mean age=19) adult memory for appointment messages that varied in length. One message repetition reduced age differences for answering questions about the messages, but did not reduce age differences for a free recall measure, suggesting that older adults only took differential advantage of increased presentation time when they were also provided additional retrieval support. Younger but not older participants also benefitted from a second repetition of the messages. Younger adults may better monitor ongoing comprehension and gauge what additional processing is needed to take advantage of repeated presentations. The present findings show that older as well as younger adults benefit from at least one repetition of appointment messages delivered by an automated message system, suggesting that repetition can be an important feature of automated telephone messaging systems for both older and younger clients.
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O’Hara, Rachel, Lindsey Bishop-Edwards, Emma Knowles, and Alicia O’Cathain. "PP15 Non-technical skills in the delivery of ambulance service telephone advice." Emergency Medicine Journal 36, no. 1 (January 2019): e6.2-e7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/emermed-2019-999.15.
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BackgroundAround 10% of calls to ambulance services in England are resolved over the phone (referred to as telephone advice or hear and treat). These calls are generally dealt with by clinicians following initial call-handler assessment. A systematic review concluded that telephone advice is a safe alternative for patients categorised as low priority but recommended the need to understand the skills required. Our research explores the non-technical skills (cognitive, social and personal) required.MethodsNon-participant observation of telephone advice in three ambulance services involved 40 hours of observation per service, (total n=27 clinicians and 20 call-handlers) and semi-structured interviews with clinicians (n=7), call-handlers (n=7) and managers (n=3). A framework approach and NVIVO qualitative data analysis software were used to analyse the data.FindingsSituation awareness was a necessary skill in gathering information by telephone. Strategies included visualisation, attending to tone of voice and listening to Background noise. Decision making skill was needed to select an appropriate course of action. For clinicians this involved reference to prior experience and risk judgement that the available information supported a safe decision. Call-handlers were more reliant on computerised triage systems. Communication skill required rephrasing technical questions, providing reassurance and assertiveness in managing expectations. Call-handlers had less discretion to rephrase computerised scripts. Personal resources were required to manage role demands that included dealing with high call volumes, task conflict and difficult conversations with callers expecting an ambulance response.ConclusionsThe findings have implications for the recruitment, training and ongoing development of call-handlers and clinicians involved in the delivery of telephone advice. There is scope for further research to provide a more detailed understanding of non-technical skills in the delivery of telephone advice to ensure the consistent delivery of appropriate and safe care that is acceptable to patients.
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Hernandez, Lorenzo F., and Behrokh Khoshnevis. "Optimization of telephone wire gauges for transmission standards." European Journal of Operational Research 58, no. 3 (May 1992): 386–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0377-2217(92)90069-l.
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Gunson, Nancie, Diarmid Marshall, Fergus McInnes, Hazel Morton, and Mervyn Jack. "Usability Evaluation of Dialogue Designs for Voiceprint Authentication in Automated Telephone Banking." International Journal of Technology and Human Interaction 10, no. 2 (April 2014): 59–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijthi.2014040104.
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This paper describes an empirical investigation of the usability of different dialogue designs for voiceprint authentication in automated telephone banking. Three strategies for voice authentication were evaluated in an experiment with 120 telephone banking end-users: 1-Factor (voiceprint authentication based on customers' utterances of their account number and sort code); 1-Factor with Challenge (1-Factor plus a randomly generated digit string); and 2-Factor (1-Factor plus secret information known only to the caller). The research suggests the 2-Factor approach is the most effective strategy in this context: results from a Likert questionnaire show it to be highly usable and it is rated highest in terms of both security and overall quality. Participants welcome the option to use voiceprint technology but the majority would prefer it to augment rather than replace existing security methods.
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Merkle, P. Jay, Douglas B. Beaudet, Robert C. Williges, David W. Herlong, and Beverly H. Williges. "A Systematic Method for the Selection of Independent Variables in the Investigation of Complex Systems." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 32, no. 17 (October 1988): 1179–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128803201712.
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This paper describes a systematic methodology for selecting independent variables to be considered in large-scale research problems. Five specific procedures including brainstorming, prototype interface representation, feasibility/relevance analyses, structured literature reviews, and user subjective ratings are evaluated and incorporated into an integrated strategy. This methodology is demonstrated in the context of designing the user interface for a telephone-based information inquiry system. The procedure was successful in reducing an initial set of 95 independent variables to a subset of 19 factors that warrant subsequent detailed analysis. These results are discussed in terms of a comprehensive sequential research methodology useful for investigating human factors problems.
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Sharit, Joseph, Sara J. Czaja, Sankaran Nair, and Chin Chin Lee. "Effects of Age, Speech Rate, and Environmental Support in Using Telephone Voice Menu Systems." Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 45, no. 2 (June 2003): 234–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1518/hfes.45.2.234.27245.
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Age differences in the use of telephone menu systems were investigated in two experiments. Participants from three age groups (younger: 18--39; middle-aged: 40--59; older: 60+ years) were required to obtain specified information or perform some action using simulated voice menu systems. Measures reflecting task performance, menu navigation, and subjective responses were collected. The focus in Experiment 1 was on examining the effect of speech rate. Data from 196 participants indicated age differences in performance, especially for complex problems. There was no effect of speech rate on any of the performance measures. Experiment 2 examined two types of support devices: a screen phone and a graphical aid. Data from 114 participants indicated that the screen phone provided some benefits in navigational efficiency. In terms of performance, the older participants benefited more from the graphical aid and the younger participants performed better with the screen phone. Actual or potential applications of this research include guidance in the use of support devices that can reduce memory demands and the identification of appropriate speech rates.
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McGowan, John R. "The Effect of Political Affiliation on Taxpayers' Attitudes Toward Alternative Tax Systems." Journal of the American Taxation Association 22, no. 1 (March 1, 2000): 111–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/jata.2000.22.1.111.
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There is a great deal of dissatisfaction with the existing tax system. Prior research has found that self-interest, perceived equity, persuasive messages, tax knowledge, and demographic factors affect taxpayer attitudes. This study contributes to that body of research by examining the effects of another factor that is associated with taxpayer attitudes: their political affiliation. Data obtained from a national telephone survey of homeowners' attitudes toward alternative tax systems are used. Results indicate that political affiliation plays a significant role in taxpayers' attitudes toward both alternative tax systems in general and the proposed flat tax in particular. Specifically, when faced with the choice of alternative tax systems, respondents who identified themselves as having Republican (Democratic, Independent) political af-filiations were more (less) likely to prefer both the flat tax and the sales tax systems over the current system.
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Sutherland, L., E. Igras, R. Ulmer, and P. Sargious. "A laboratory for testing the interoperability of telehealth systems." Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 6, no. 2_suppl (August 2000): 74–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/1357633001935671.
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Interoperability allows telehealth equipment to interact to achieve predictable results. To address the need for telehealth interoperability, the Alberta Research Council has been working with the Alberta Health and Wellness organization in Canada, and others, to create guidelines and a facility for testing telehealth equipment for compliance with technical interoperability standards. The laboratory consists of two rooms (7m x 7 m) in a new building. The rooms are wired with easy-to-configure copper and fibre networks for telephone, Switch-56, ISDN, ATM, wireless and satellite services. One room specializes in teleconsultation and tele-education, while the other has facilities for teleradiology and telemonitoring. The rooms are interconnected in order to perform interoperability tests between realtime and store-and-forward equipment. The laboratory was piloted in the summer of 1999.
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Hurrell, Rose Marie. "Factors Associated with Regular Exercise." Perceptual and Motor Skills 84, no. 3 (June 1997): 871–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1997.84.3.871.
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Using a telephone survey, this study investigated participation in exercise, the reasons for exercising, and the role of health and fitness facilities in promoting regular exercise. For the sample of 450 adults living in southern New York State and having an annual household income of at least $50,000, in contrast to estimates indicating that a majority of Americans do not exercise regularly, results from this telephone survey indicated that 62.7% of the respondents engaged in regular exercise. Staying in shape was given by 34.9% of the respondents as their major reason. Another 31.7% reported that they exercise to keep healthy. Use of a health club was associated with regular exercise. A lack of time emerged as the major impediment to exercising regularly. Apart from the high percentage of regular exercisers in the sample under study, these results generally confirm previous research on participation in regular exercise and the factors supporting it.
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Siqueira Cassiano, Marcella. "China’s Hukou Platform: Windows into the Family." Surveillance & Society 17, no. 1/2 (March 31, 2019): 232–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ss.v17i1/2.13125.
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When news media in the UK and US discuss China’s surveillance networks, it is often to imply that the Chinese government is creating a “techno-authoritarian state” to track and monitor its citizens. News outlets, however, are missing a larger point. The specific problem with China’s surveillance apparatus is not that it is technologically “totalizing” and “intrusive,” but that it relies on a newly digitized information platform that connects surveillance subjects to information about their households and family members, allowing the simultaneous identification and monitoring of everyone in each kinship network. Referred to as the Household Register or hukou, this platform is the backbone of China’s “surveillant assemblage” (Haggerty and Ericson 2000). Until the late 1990s when it was digitalized, hukou was an individually separate and distinct surveillance system that contained both general and detailed information about a household and its members. With digitalization, hukou became a platform that integrates different computer systems and databases. CCTV surveillance that involves facial recognition and Internet surveillance practices are connected to, and supported by, information from hukou. In the case of CCTV surveillance, cameras equipped with facial recognition features match the face of surveillance subjects with their ID and trace them back to their families. As for Internet surveillance, the connection between hukou and surveillance subjects happens via telephone number. Access to the Internet and social media platforms such as WeChat, SinaWeibo, and e-mail services requires a telephone number purchased with a government-issued ID card, which is connected to a household register and, therefore, the telephone card owner’s family. Chinese law enforcement’s ability to treat individual Internet users also as “collective units” represents the most distinctive feature of Chinese surveillance, an unlimited source of coercion for the Communist Party to reproduce itself as the ruling party.
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Zokaee, Shiva, and Mostafa Ghazizadeh . "Electronic Payment Systems Evaluation: A Case Study in Iran." Information Management and Business Review 4, no. 3 (March 15, 2012): 120–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/imbr.v4i3.972.
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As moving businesses from face-to-face trading, mail order and telephone order to electronic commerce over open networks such as the Internet, there be an exponentially growth in electronic payment transactions. Therefore, monitoring and evaluating the current electronic payment systems greatly affects the efficiency of money transactions, trades and, finally, the overall economy of the countries. In this paper, the Iranian e-payment systems are examined as a special case. The aim is to examine and evaluate the current epayment systems, and rank they based on the experts opinions. Considering the nature of the gathered data, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), as a decision-making method, is used to evaluate the data. The findings of this research are intended to be useful for both academic researchers and companies planning to adopt or to improve an electronic payment system.
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Yusuf, Ria Mardiana. "Exploring Carers' Views and Experiences of Being Involved in Research and Development Work." International Journal of Sociotechnology and Knowledge Development 12, no. 4 (October 2020): 41–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijskd.2020100103.
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This article aims to move knowledge beyond the first response, by outlining a framework for interpreting and evaluating the experiences of carers regarding their involvement in R&D work. The study adopted a descriptive and explorative qualitative design. The inclusion criterion to enroll in the study was being a career and having participated in an FGI in the ICS consultation phase. The sample of twelve participants ranged in age from 35 to 77 years (mean value 60 years). Data collection consisted of individual interviews, via the “Zoom” videoconference system, telephone or face-to-face, depending on the preferences of the participants. Face-to-face interviews were conducted at the university or a café. The result is participants emphasized the significance of lived experience and practical knowledge. There is a limited amount of systematic research carried out that also actively takes into account possible negative experiences, barriers, and issues.
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Picou, Erin M., and Todd A. Ricketts. "Efficacy of Hearing-Aid Based Telephone Strategies for Listeners with Moderate-to-Severe Hearing Loss." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 24, no. 01 (January 2013): 059–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.24.1.7.
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Background: Understanding speech over the telephone when listening in noisy environments may present a significant challenge for listeners with moderate-to-severe hearing loss. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare speech recognition and subjective ratings across several hearing aid-based telephone listening strategies for individuals with moderate-to-severe sensorineural hearing loss. Research Design: Speech recognition and subjective ratings were evaluated for a simulated telephone signal. The strategies evaluated included acoustic telephone, unilateral telecoil, unilateral wireless streaming, and bilateral wireless streaming. Participants were seated in a noisy room for all evaluations. Study Sample: Eighteen adults, aged 49–88 yr, with moderate-to-severe sensorineural hearing loss participated. Data Collection and Analysis: Speech recognition scores on the Connected Speech Test were converted to rationalized arcsine units and analyzed using analysis of variance testing and Tukey post hoc analyses. Subjective ratings of ease and comfort were also analyzed in this manner. Results: Speech recognition performance was poorest with acoustic coupling to the telephone and best with bilateral wireless routing. Telecoil coupling resulted in better speech recognition performance than acoustic coupling, but was significantly poorer than bilateral wireless routing. Furthermore, unilateral wireless routing and telecoil coupling generally led to similar speech recognition performance, except in lower-level background noise conditions, for which unilateral routing resulted in better performance than the telecoil. Conclusions: For people with moderate-to-severe sensorineural hearing loss, acoustic telephone listening with a hearing aid may not lead to acceptable performance in noise. Although unilateral routing options (telecoil and wireless streaming) improved performance, speech recognition performance and subjective ratings of ease and comfort were best when bilateral wireless routing was used. These results suggest that wireless routing is a potentially beneficial telephone listening strategy for listeners with moderate-to-severe hearing loss who are fitted with limited venting if the telephone signal is routed to both ears. Unilateral wireless routing may provide similar benefits to traditional unilateral telecoil. However, the newer wireless systems may have the advantage for some listeners in that they do not include some of the positioning constraints associated with telecoil use.
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Watchaton, Ananchanok, and Donyaprueth Krairit. "Factors influencing organizational information systems implementation in Thai public universities." Journal of Systems and Information Technology 21, no. 1 (March 11, 2019): 90–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsit-07-2017-0054.
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Purpose This study aims to understand how public sector organizations can successfully implement organizational information systems (IS). It identifies the factors that contribute to the success of organizational IS implementation in public universities. Design/methodology/approach Both qualitative and quantitative research methods are used. The proposed research model is based on previous studies and primary qualitative research, including in-depth interviews, telephone surveys and mail surveys using semi-structured questionnaires to identify the determinants and measures of implementation success. Based on the first mail survey’s results, quantitative research is conducted to test the research hypotheses. The data are gathered from university personnel at 40 public universities, and the study focuses on the implementation of student registration systems. Findings The results suggest that successful implementation of organizational IS includes the decisions of both those in authority and users. The external and internal organization and individual user factors have direct relationships with the measure of implementation success, which suggests significant differences between authorities and users. Research limitations The analysis is based on the viewpoint of public university personnel; however, the findings suggest the need for further research on other public organizational IS as well as other public service operations. Practical implication The study clearly suggests a set of factors to guide public universities in successfully implementing organizational IS for local conditions of a developing country. Originality/value The study contributes to the understanding of effective IS implementation in public universities in a developing country.
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Dourado, Marcia Cristina Nascimento, Tatiana Belfort, Alexandre Monteiro, Aline Tavares de Lucena, Isabel Barbeito Lacerda, Julia Gaigher, Maria Alice Tourinho Baptista, et al. "COVID-19: challenges for dementia care and research." Dementia & Neuropsychologia 14, no. 4 (December 2020): 340–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-57642020dn14-040002.
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ABSTRACT. The COVID-19 pandemic has raised significant concerns about the management and care for people with dementia and their caregivers. In this context, this work will discuss how social isolation or social distancing caused by the pandemic may impact the clinical management of people with dementia, caregivers’ health, and dementia research. The pandemic disrupts all forms of social interaction and may increase the behavioral impairment of people with dementia. Regarding pharmacological treatment, telemedicine is an option, but the context of social isolation raises questions about how to manage people with dementia with lack of cognitive stimulation and non-pharmacological treatment. In addition, the impact of the pandemic on caregivers should be considered. There is some evidence that telephone counseling can reduce depressive symptoms of caregivers of people with dementia. In dementia research, social isolation imposes researchers to modify their study protocols in order to continue collecting data by developing remote tools to assess the participants such as electronic informed consent and online questionnaires and tests. Thus, there is an urgent need for the evaluation and refinement of interventions to address several cognitive, behavioral, and clinical aspects of the long-term impact of the pandemic in dementia.
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Ajibade, Patrick, and Stephen M. Mutula. "Big data, 4IR and electronic banking and banking systems applications in South Africa and Nigeria." Banks and Bank Systems 15, no. 2 (June 24, 2020): 187–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.15(2).2020.17.
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Efficient banking solutions are an integral part of the business integration of South African and Nigerian economies as the two largest economies in the continent. Security, effectiveness, and integration of banking systems are critical to the sustainable development of the African continent. Therefore, an empirical analysis of the production of research on banking services and systems was conducted. The aim of the study was to examine the robustness of the research findings on banking systems in terms of their importance for the economic sustainability of the continent in the era of the fourth industrial revolution. The study adopted a bibliometric analysis using software clusters to visualize the results. Due to higher visibility of outputs and likely citations, the results showed that the key terms from Google Scholar are ranked higher than outputs from Scopus. Main research interests were related to internet banking (f = 70), e-payment systems (f = 57), telephone banking (f = 56), automated teller machines (f = 54), and mobile banking (f = 40). The results also showed a very low research interest in the technical aspect of online banking services such as security (f = 19, TLS = 40), authentication (f = 17, TLS =33), network security (f =13, TLS = 33), computer crime (f = 16, TLS = 42), and online banking (f = 11, TLS =32). The study found there were insufficient outputs in the area of the fourth industrial revolution (4IR) and banking services in Africa. Future research trends should examine the impact of the 4IR and big data on the banking system, regional economic integration, and sustainable growth in the continent.
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Lisiak-Felicka, Dominika, Paweł A. Nowak, Maciej Szmit, and Radosław Zajdel. "THE FINANCING OF INFORMATION SECURITY MANAGEMENT IN ENTITIES PERFORMING MEDICAL ACTIVITIES." Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczo-Humanistycznego w Siedlcach. Seria: Administracja i Zarządzanie, no. 53(126) (January 27, 2021): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.34739/zn.2020.53.01.
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All healthcare organizations process “sensitive data” that needs special protection. To ensure an appropriate level of security for this data, it is necessary to allocate adequate financial resources for security measures. The exploratory aim of the research here is the recognition of the current state of information security management systems in selected entities performing medical activities. An analysis and evaluation of these systems and the financing of information security were conducted. The methods and techniques used in the research are Computer Assisted Telephone Interviews, literature studies, and a questionnaire survey with applications for access to public information. The subjects of the research were medical entities subordinate to the local governments of three Polish voivodeships (Łódź, Świętokrzyskie and Pomeranian). The research was conducted between 2017 and 2018. Research findings show that the surveyed entities did not properly manage information security and did not allocate adequate financial resources to ensure information security. The lack of efficient information security management in medical entities may entail negative consequences in the future.
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Craig, Cora L., Christine A. Cameron, and Adrian Bauman. "Utility of Surveillance Research to Inform Physical Activity Policy: An Exemplar From Canada." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 14, no. 3 (March 2017): 229–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2015-0698.
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Background:There are several well-known risk factor monitoring systems, but few examples of comprehensive surveillance systems designed specifically to inform physical activity (PA) policy. This paper examines the utility of Canada`s Physical Activity and Sport Monitoring System in guiding policy and practice.Methods:Indicators were determined in conjunction with government, nongovernmental associations and academics. Serial measures were collected from representative population (telephone interviews, n = 4000 to 11,000) and setting-based (postal surveys, n = 1425 to 4304) surveys.Results:Adult PA was higher in 2014 (47%) than 1998 (37%). The prevalence of knowledge about sufficient PA to meet national guidelines increased (31% to 57%). Most adults (66%) reported having many safe places to walk locally. Having policies to encourage walking and cycling when redeveloping communities increased by community size (5% to 37%). PA promotion was available in 10% to 15% of workplaces. Most parents (64%) provided transportation to support their child’s PA. The prevalence of policies mandating daily PE increased 2001 to 2011 (36% to 55%), as did having no policy to hire qualified PE teachers (25% to 34%).Conclusions:Canada’s surveillance system has provided information for guiding policy planning, resource allocation, setting and tracking national goals, assessing changes in PA determinants, and evaluating national campaigns, naturally occurring experiments, and innovative policies.
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Hoffman, Karla L., and Carl M. Harris. "Estimation of a caller retrial rate for a telephone information system." European Journal of Operational Research 27, no. 2 (October 1986): 207–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0377-2217(86)90062-7.
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Lu, Qing, and Peter A. Johnson. "Characterizing New Channels of Communication: A Case Study of Municipal 311 Requests in Edmonton, Canada." Urban Planning 1, no. 2 (June 7, 2016): 18–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v1i2.621.
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City governments around the world are developing and expanding how they connect to citizens. Technologies play an important role in making this connection, and one frequent way that cities connect with citizens is through 311-style request systems. 311 is a non-emergency municipal notification system that uses telephone, email, web forms, and increasingly, mobile applications to allow citizens to notify government of infrastructure issues and make requests for municipal services. In many ways, this process of citizen contribution mirrors the provision of volunteered geographic information, that is spatially-referenced user generated content. This research presents a case study of the city of Edmonton, Canada, an early adopter of multi-channel 311 service request systems, including telephone, email, web form, and mobile app 311 request channels. Three methods of analysis are used to characterize and compare these different channels over three years of request data; a comparison of relative request share for each channel, a spatial hot spot analysis, and regression models to compare channel usage with sociodemographic variables. The results of this study indicate a shift in channel usage from traditional to Internet-enabled, that this shift is mirrored in the hotspots of request activity, and that specific digital inequalities exist that reinforce this distinction between traditional and Internet-enabled reporting channels.
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Joy, Mark, Dylan McGagh, Nicholas Jones, Harshana Liyanage, Julian Sherlock, Vaishnavi Parimalanathan, Oluwafunmi Akinyemi, et al. "Reorganisation of primary care for older adults during COVID-19: a cross-sectional database study in the UK." British Journal of General Practice 70, no. 697 (July 13, 2020): e540-e547. http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgp20x710933.
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BackgroundThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in a rapid change in workload across healthcare systems. Factors related to this adaptation in UK primary care have not yet been examined.AimTo assess the responsiveness and prioritisation of primary care consultation type for older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.Design and settingA cross-sectional database study examining consultations between 17 February and 10 May 2020 for patients aged ≥65 years, drawn from primary care practices within the Oxford Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) Research and Surveillance Centre (RSC) sentinel network, UK.MethodThe authors reported the proportion of consultation type across five categories: clinical administration, electronic/video, face-to-face, telephone, and home visits. Temporal trends in telephone and face-to-face consultations were analysed by polypharmacy, frailty status, and socioeconomic group using incidence rate ratios (IRR).ResultsAcross 3 851 304 consultations, the population median age was 75 years (interquartile range [IQR] 70–82); and 46% (n = 82 926) of the cohort (N = 180 420) were male. The rate of telephone and electronic/video consultations more than doubled across the study period (106.0% and 102.8%, respectively). Face-to-face consultations fell by 64.6% and home visits by 62.6%. This predominantly occurred across week 11 (week commencing 9 March 2020), coinciding with national policy change. Polypharmacy and frailty were associated with a relative increase in consultations. The greatest relative increase was among people taking ≥10 medications compared with those taking none (face-to-face IRR 9.90, 95% CI = 9.55 to 10.26; telephone IRR 17.64, 95% CI = 16.89 to 18.41).ConclusionPrimary care has undergone an unprecedented in-pandemic reorganisation while retaining focus on patients with increased complexity.
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Xu, Shi Jie, Wei He, Shu Ming Jiang, Zhi Qiang Wei, Jian Feng Zhang, Jiang Zhou Zhang, and Lian Peng Zhu. "Research and Development of Multi-Regional Monitoring Integration Technology Based on SIP Protocol." Applied Mechanics and Materials 433-435 (October 2013): 1403–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.433-435.1403.
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To solve the system overloading problem of sip protocol based on centralized monitoring and management system, we propose a new protocol system based on cross-regional stratification sip monitoring integrated management platform, it uses the automatic control technology, networking and communications technology, video / audio compression and transmission technology, sensors and integrated control technology and software engineering techniques. It is an integrated platform of biometrics, intelligent video analysis, anti-theft alarm techniques, 3G video management, valuables management, multifunction video and voice network, multimedia video services, and that it can be used with existing IP network, LAN, internet, 3G network, the telephone network. It is fully compatible and can be used with existing databases, monitoring systems, television networks for docking to achieve a variety of monitoring elements of centralized management, control and interaction. The innovative applications of CSS regional stratification mechanisms, ActiveX terminal buffering mechanism and VM resource allocation mechanism can provide users real-time information. And according to a variety of real-time information, it aggregated emergency solutions of the overall regional security or certain high-risk target key places of security.
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Chang, Chen-Yuan, and Chyan-Goei Chung. "An Efficient Approach to Real-Time Traffic Routeing for Telephone Network Management." Journal of the Operational Research Society 45, no. 2 (February 1994): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2584125.
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Chang, Chen-Yuan, and Chyan-Goei Chung. "An Efficient Approach to Real-Time Traffic Routeing for Telephone Network Management." Journal of the Operational Research Society 45, no. 2 (February 1994): 187–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/jors.1994.24.
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Backiel, Aimée, Bart Baesens, and Gerda Claeskens. "Predicting time-to-churn of prepaid mobile telephone customers using social network analysis." Journal of the Operational Research Society 67, no. 9 (September 2016): 1135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/jors.2016.8.
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Zappalà, G., F. Reseghetti, and G. M. R. Manzella. "Development of an automatic multiple launcher for expendable probes." Ocean Science 3, no. 2 (April 3, 2007): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-3-173-2007.
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Abstract. A main goal of a Ship Of Opportunity Programme (SOOP) is the provision of temperature profiles in near real time. The use of commercial ships and expandable probes allows the reduction of costs, in comparison with research ship cruises. A major cost effectiveness is achieved using an automated multiple launcher, requiring minimum personnel effort. A multiple launcher, developed in the framework of the Mediterranean Forecasting System – Toward Environmental Prediction Project (MFSTEP), allows for a sequential collection of eight temperature profiles, using a software-programmable sampling strategy. The data acquisition system can be remotely controlled in every functionality, and data can be transmitted by GSM-GPRS or satellite telephone systems.
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Mtengwa, Bonnie Batsirai, Agripah Kandiero, and Stanislas Bigirimana. "Drivers of Mobile Money Services Development in Zimbabwe." International Journal of E-Business Research 17, no. 1 (January 2021): 42–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijebr.2021010104.
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This study sought to identify the drivers of mobile money services development in Zimbabwe using Ecocash as a case study. Through purposive sampling, respondents were selected from financial institutions, regulatory bodies, customers, and agents. The research showed that in Zimbabwe the development of mobile money services is influenced by several factors such as a high mobile telephone penetration rate, a high number of unbanked people owing to poor access to traditional banking services, a lower level of internet penetration levels, customer awareness of the service because of aggressive branding, security and ease of use, and a dense networks of agents. Fast technology diffusion was also a factor that influenced the fast adoption of mobile money services in Zimbabwe. More research is needed to assess the impediments in countries where the adoption of mobile money services has not been as spectacular as in Zimbabwe or Kenya.
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Chan, A., and K. R. McNaught. "Using Bayesian networks to improve fault diagnosis during manufacturing tests of mobile telephone infrastructure." Journal of the Operational Research Society 59, no. 4 (April 2008): 423–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jors.2602388.
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Li, Jiaying, Zhaohua Deng, Richard David Evans, Shan Liu, and Hong Wu. "How doctors take initiatives in online healthcare communities." Industrial Management & Data Systems 120, no. 7 (June 30, 2020): 1401–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-12-2019-0684.
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PurposeIn China, healthcare services have historically been expensive and difficult to access, with resources being unfairly distributed, often being centralized in large hospitals in major cities. In rural regions, hospitals often suffer from limited supplies, including human capital and equipment. E-health technologies have received significant attention from governments and citizens, with online healthcare communities (OHCs) providing easier communication between patients and doctors. Although doctors play a pivotal role in the success of OHCs, they are often unsure how to attract patients, with limited research focusing on this. The purpose of this paper is to explore how doctors can take initiatives in OHCs, from the joint perspectives of individual effort (i.e. intrapersonal factor) and identity in medical teams (MTs) (i.e. interpersonal factor), based on attribution theory.Design/methodology/approachHierarchical linear regression was conducted on data from 3,170 doctors participating in 865 online MTs, to examine the effects of individual effort and identity in MTs on individual performance. Individual effort included central effort (log-in frequency to OHC) and peripheral effort (articles published on doctors' homepages). Identity in MTs was represented as the identity of team leader and multiple team membership (MTM).FindingsThis study found that the main variables – central and peripheral effort, and leader and MTM identity – all had significant and positive impacts on the service quantity (SQ) of both written and telephone consultations. Although positive effects could be experienced in most conditions that were congruent with the logic of identity theory, the interaction terms demonstrated complex influences. Specifically, leader identity did not moderate the effect of article effort in written consultation, while MTM identity could not moderate the relationship between frequency effort and SQ in telephone-consultation services. Further, the leader identity negatively moderated the relationship between article effort and SQ in telephone consultations. Thus, for doctors with the leader identity, the impact of article effort on SQ was weaker. In summary, both aspects were proved to play important roles in individual SQ.Practical implicationsThis study provides empirical findings through focusing on the SQ of both written and telephone consultations in OHCs, thereby enabling healthcare providers to take initiatives and ultimately improve the efficiency and provision of delivered healthcare services. It is worth mentioning that doctors possessing the identity of team leader should be cautious that the more articles published by them may not lead to envisaged telephone-consultation performance, according to the negative moderating effect of leader identity on the relationship between article effort and SQ during telephone consultations.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the OHC literature by investigating how doctors' efforts and identity in OHCs affect individual performance, based on attribution theory and identity theory. Further, we provide healthcare practitioners with an improved understanding of these dimensions to improve autonomy regarding service provision in OHCs.
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Veroszta, Zsuzsanna, Krisztina Kopcsó, Julianna Boros, Balázs Kapitány, Laura Szabó, and Zsolt Spéder. "Tracking the development of children from foetal age: an introduction to Cohort ’18 Growing Up in Hungary." Longitudinal and Life Course Studies 11, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 587–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/175795920x15901721270280.
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Cohort ’18 Growing Up in Hungary is a longitudinal birth cohort study run by the Hungarian Demographic Research Institute that will follow the lives of more than 8,000 children from before birth. The purpose of this countrywide representative study is to provide an overview of child development in Hungary and the factors influencing it. The main areas of data collection comprise demographics, social background, health and development. The observation began in 2018, among pregnant women in the 28th to 31st week of pregnancy. Within the first financially covered period of the research programme, this prenatal wave is followed by four further data collection waves: when the child is 6 months, 18 months, 27–30 months and 3 years old. During each of the waves, mothers, as primary caregivers, are interviewed either face to face or by telephone. There is also a computer-assisted telephone interview with the father, when the child is 18 months old. The primary data collection is supplemented by the integration of data from administrative systems. So far, two waves of Cohort ’18 have taken place (prenatal and six-month). The first resulted in a database of 8,287 pregnant women (8,409 foetuses). Following the next waves (which will cover children up to the age of three years), plans are in hand for further financial periods of the research programme – right up until the children are grown up. This study profile introduces readers to Cohort ’18 by providing a brief overview of its origins, objectives, design and potential.
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Ellway, Benjamin P. W. "What’s wrong with IVR system service? A spatial theorisation of customer confusion and frustration." Journal of Service Theory and Practice 26, no. 4 (July 11, 2016): 386–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jstp-02-2015-0040.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to re-examine the important question of what is wrong with interactive voice response (IVR) system service by expanding a spatially informed conceptualisation of virtual navigation which recognises the experience of movement within and through space. Design/methodology/approach – First, previous research on IVR systems is reviewed to highlight key themes to a service audience. Second, the metaphorical aspects of language used by the popular and trade press to describe IVR systems is examined. Usability and design issues are identified from previous research as a basis from reinterpreting them from a spatial perspective of navigation. Findings – Both figurative and conceptual spatial metaphors are used to describe the IVR system as an enclosed physical space, within which customers enter, feel stuck, get lost, or try to escape from. The usability issues of human memory, linearity, and feedback, can be reinterpreted from a spatial perspective as a basis for explaining confusion and frustration with IVR systems. Research limitations/implications – Since the paper is conceptual, further research is needed to empirically investigate different types and features of IVR systems. The possible influence of age and culture upon the spatial nature of experience is especially interesting topics for future study. Practical implications – The paper identifies the absence of space as an inherent limitation of IVR systems. It subsequently recommends that firms should provide spatial resources to support customer use of IVR systems, which is supported by the recent emergence of visual IVR. Originality/value – The paper introduces the broader literature on IVR systems to the service field as a basis for raising awareness about this ubiquitous technological component of telephone-based service delivery. It applies and develops a highly abstract conceptual perspective to examine and interpret the representation and experience of IVR systems, as a basis for explaining the confusion, frustration, and dislike of them.
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Okolica, Carol, and Concetta M. Stewart. "Voice Mail and Academics: Creating a Virtual Office." Journal of Educational Technology Systems 22, no. 2 (December 1993): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/uvr2-06wk-7qkm-rcr5.
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Voice-messaging (also called voice mail) is a computer-based technology that uses a standard touch-tone telephone for input and retrieval. Because of its ability to enhance communication, voice mail is a powerful communication tool. Voice mail systems allow users to access their messages from any touch-tone telephone, twenty-four hours a day, distribute one message to many recipients, forward messages with covering remarks to other users, mark a message for future delivery, and create personal greetings. In addition, many of the voice mail systems currently available offer interfaces to electronic mail and fax communication—thereby providing a complete communication management facility. Although much has been written about the use of voice messaging, little is known about how voice messaging is used by faculty at institutions of higher education. The communication needs of this group differ in crucial ways from business organizations and even from the needs of their own administrators. While faculty have as strong a need for communication and interaction with their students and colleagues, their varied hours often prevent them from being available to do so. This article describes the unique communication needs of academicians and how innovative use of voice mail can address these needs. By creating a virtual office, voice mail can serve as a solution to: the conflict many academicians have between being in the office for students and conducting research; the frustration inherent in trying to contact committee members and colleagues; receiving messages meant for someone else; and extended absences from campus that put faculty out of touch with students and others.
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Sharafizad, Jalleh. "Women business owners’ adoption of information and communication technology." Journal of Systems and Information Technology 18, no. 4 (November 14, 2016): 331–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsit-07-2016-0048.
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Purpose This study aims to investigate the uptake and usage patterns of information and communication technologies (ICTs) by women small business owners (SBOs). Design/methodology/approach Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 women SBOs who were recruited through purposeful sampling methods. Interview data on communication technologies participants used were broken down into six main categories: internet search, internet advertising, online transactions, telephone, email and fax. Participants were also asked questions regarding proximity between them and different business contacts, and whether technology influenced how they communicated with these individuals. Findings All participants had moved up from having a basic website to transacting goods and services online. ICTs were used to acquire tangible and intangible resources as well as for informal learning. Geographical distance between SBOs and individuals within their business and convenience of ICT failed to affect participants’ preference for face-to-face communication with key business contacts. Research limitations/implications This study has limitations that tend to be commonly found in exploratory studies, such as a small sample size. However, the findings lay the groundwork for future quantitative studies that examine the potential influence of other factors, such as gender and culture, on adoption of ICT by SBOs. Originality/value This study responds to a call for research that develops a more nuanced understanding of how women SBOs use ICTs in their business. The findings can be used by policymakers and development agencies in their teaching and training interventions.
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Townsend, Anne, Susan M. Cox, and Linda C. Li. "Qualitative Research Ethics: Enhancing Evidence-Based Practice in Physical Therapy." Physical Therapy 90, no. 4 (April 1, 2010): 615–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20080388.
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BackgroundIncreasing challenges to health care systems and the prominence of patient-centered care and evidence-based practice have fostered the application of qualitative approaches in health care settings, prompting discussions of associated ethical issues in a range of disciplines.ObjectivesThe purposes of this work were to identify and describe the application and value of qualitative health research for physical therapy and to identify ethical considerations in a qualitative research study.DesignThis was a qualitative interview study with telephone follow-ups.MethodsForty-six participants were interviewed about their early experiences with rheumatoid arthritis. They also were asked what motivated them to volunteer for the study. To inform the discussion of ethics in qualitative health research, this study drew on the in-depth interviews, took a descriptive approach to the data, and applied the traditional ethical principles of autonomy, justice, and beneficence to the study process.ResultsEthical issues emerged in this qualitative health research study that were both similar to and different from those that exist in a positivist paradigm (eg, clinical research). With flexibility and latitude, the traditional principle approach can be applied usefully to qualitative health research.ConclusionsThese findings build on previous research and discussion in physical therapy and other disciplines that urge a flexible approach to qualitative research ethics and recognize that ethics are embedded in an unfolding research process involving the role of the subjective researcher and an active participant. We suggest reflexivity as a way to recognize ethical moments throughout qualitative research and to help build methodological and ethical rigor in research relevant to physical therapist practice.
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Ferrua, Marie, FATIMA YATIM, Aude Fourcade, Marilène Guillet Lacaze, Olivier Mir, and Etienne Minvielle. "Nurse Navigators telephone and web application follow-up intervention for patients treated with oral anticancer medication: an optimization of oncologists' medical time." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2019): 6544. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.6544.
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6544 Background: Many interventions to improve safety and quality of oral anti-cancer medication have occurred the past few years. Frequently, these systems involve Nurse Navigators (NN) but rather limited data is actually available describing their activities and quantifying which intervention could have been performed without an oncologist's expertise. This is a major issue in optimizing the workload of oncologists statewide. Methods: The study was conducted at Gustave Roussy (Villejuif, France) as part of an assessment program of an intervention combining NN and mobile app dedicated to patients receiving oral cancer medication (cytotoxic, targeted therapies). A coding grid was developed to classify the NNs' activities from the intervention reports. NN interventions consist in regular follow-up calls and requests from patients and their relatives (via phone calls or mobile app). NN interventions recorded over a 24-month period were all encoded by two researchers. Results: 2395 interventions were analyzed concerning 236 patients, 1880 of which were regular follow-ups, and 515 patient requests. The majority of contacts were carried by phone conversation (94%). 52% of the interventions were followed-up upon by at least one additional action by the NN (n = 1250). In 25% (n = 318) of the interventions, the oncologist's expertise was required mainly because of the presence or aggravation of symptoms and/or toxicities or concerning oncological treatment (therapeutic protocol, biological assessment). 75% (n = 932) of the interventions have been processed successfully by NN by themselves. The principal actions carried out by the NN were: A. Contact or provide referral to a health professional or institution 24%, B. Advice to the patient 43%, C. Management of medical documents and appointments 6%; D. Administrative management 2%. Conclusions: Patients' needs for oral cancer drugs are mainly related to advice, information and coordination of the care pathway. In the majority of interventions, the NNs were able to manage these situations by themselves, which could optimize the workload of oncologists.
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Ali, Amanda, Angela Lindsey, Amy Harder, Lisa Lundy, and T. Grady Roberts. "Perceived Barriers Affecting Extension Agents’ Personal Resilience Post-Hurricane." Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education 27, no. 4 (December 15, 2020): 22–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5191/jiaee.2020.27422.
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Related disaster stresses such as employee burnout negatively influences effective disaster response. The prevalence of hurricanes and other natural disasters impact Extension agents around the world. This research explored barriers affecting UF/IFAS Extension agents’ ability to effectively engage in post-hurricane response. Resilience and burnout literature led to a researcher-developed conceptual model. A basic qualitative research design facilitated face-toface and telephone interviews with UF/IFAS Extension agents engaged in hurricane-response efforts. Results showed mental and physical stress, performance deficits, and perceived lack of motivation negatively affected agents’ ability to engage in post-disaster response. Overall recommendations were to: (a) strengthen communication between Extension administration and county agents, (b) inform agents of ongoing disaster developments to clarify professional disaster expectations, and (c) provide trainings on mental health and coping strategies in disasters. Results of this research suggest this phenomenon should be examined in other Extension systems. Keywords: barriers, Extension, hurricane, personal resilience, post-disaster response
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Mazor, Kathleen M., Douglas W. Roblin, Sarah M. Greene, Celeste A. Lemay, Cassandra L. Firneno, Josephine Calvi, Carolyn D. Prouty, Kathryn Horner, and Thomas H. Gallagher. "Toward Patient-Centered Cancer Care: Patient Perceptions of Problematic Events, Impact, and Response." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15 (May 20, 2012): 1784–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2011.38.1384.
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Purpose Cancer treatments are complex, involving multiple clinicians, toxic therapies, and uncertain outcomes. Consequently, patients are vulnerable when breakdowns in care occur. This study explored cancer patients' perceptions of preventable, harmful events; the impact of these events; and interactions with clinicians after such events. Patients and Methods In-depth telephone interviews were conducted with cancer patients from three clinical sites. Patients were eligible if they believed: something “went wrong” during their cancer care; the event could have been prevented; and the event caused, or could have caused, significant harm. Interviews focused on patients' perceptions of the event, its impact, and clinicians' responses to the event. Results Ninety-three of 416 patients queried believed something had gone wrong in their care that was preventable and caused or could have caused harm. Seventy-eight patients completed interviews. Of those interviewed, 28% described a problem with medical care, such as a delay in diagnosis or treatment; 47% described a communication problem, including problems with information exchange or manner; and 24% described problems with both medical care and communication. Perceived harms included physical and emotional harm, disruption of life, effect on family members, damaged physician-patient relationship, and financial expense. Few clinicians initiated discussion of the problematic events. Most patients did not formally report their concerns. Conclusion Cancer patients who believe they experienced a preventable, harmful event during their cancer diagnosis or care often do not formally report their concerns. Systems are needed to encourage patients to report such events and to help physicians and health care systems respond effectively.