Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Téléphonie sans fil – Modèles mathématiques'
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Abid, Bessaoud Meriem. "Pilotage autonomique de la mobilité dans les réseaux sans fil hétérogènes." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066690.
Full textDirani, Mariana. "Resource allocation and son based radio resource management in cellular and wireless networks." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066480.
Full textKelif, Jean-Marc. "Modèles fluides de réseaux sans fil." Paris, ENST, 2008. https://pastel.hal.science/pastel-00004761.
Full textFawaz, Nadia. "Communications coopératives pour les réseaux ad hoc sans fil." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00004836.
Full textDoukopoulos, Xenofon. "Techniques de la puissance pour l'estimation aveugle d'un canal dans des systèmes de communication sans fil." Rennes 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REN10060.
Full textMunir, Muhammad Farukh. "Optimisation inter-couche de réseaux de capteurs et capteurs-actionneurs sans fil." Paris, ENST, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ENST0039.
Full textKumar, Dinesh. "Optimisation et contrôle dans les réseaux sans-fil et informatiques." Nice, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NICE4039.
Full textThis thesis deals with various optimization and control problems related to wireless access and ad hoc networks and performance modeling in computer networks. In wireless access networks, we study two different technologies: 802. 11 WLAN and 3G UMTS, both stand alone and together. With both of them together, optimal user-network association in a WLAN and UMTS `hybrid cell' is investigated. In a stand alone single WLAN cell we study non-cooperative PHY rate control and in another problem, performance analysis of a simple Fountain Codes based transport protocol. For a single UMTS cell we propose an improved channel switching policy for the downlink. In wireless ad hoc networks, we study capacity optimizing hop distance in a dense Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) and optimal next hop selection in a Vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) on a highway. Tools such as SMDP (semi-Markov Decision Process), game theory, Markov chains, renewal reward theorem, cross-layer techniques, Wald's lemma and Kalman filtering are employed to derive optimal control policies in some cases, and choice or estimation of optimal system parameters in others. In particular, globally optimal user-network association is formulated as a connection routing control problem using SMDP. Here, we obtain a stationary optimal policy possessing both `mobile-greedy' and `load-balancing' properties with a neither convex nor concave type switching curve structure. From another perspective, individually optimal user-network association is formulated within a non-cooperative game framework where the Nash equilibrium achieving association policy is observed to possess a descending staircase curve structure. Again using game theory, we demonstrate that the IEEE 802. 11 MAC protocol is inefficient under non-cooperative PHY rate control. A Markovian stochastic model is proposed for a simple Fountain Codes based transport protocol in an 802. 11 WLAN cell where analysis and simulations provide insights into choice of optimal system parameters. Cross-layer techniques are used to design a channel switching policy for 3G UMTS downlink that improves performance of TCP. For the optimal hop distance and next hop selection problems in ad hoc networks, various non-trivial structural properties and explicit expressions for optimal choice of next hop node's speed and inter-node distance are obtained. Finally, we present an innovative approach of using Kalman filtering with queueing theory based performance models in order to be able to pursue `real time' performance modeling of online computer network systems having fast changing non-stationary characteristics. In such systems, neither stationary nor transient analysis from traditional queueing theory can be practically applied to obtain real time estimates of model parameters such as service times and network delays
Castagnetti, Andrea. "Étude de la gestion de l'autonomie en énergie d'objets communicants sans fil." Nice, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NICE4059.
Full textWireless Sensor Networks are composed of nodes equipped with a computational unit, sensors and a radio transceiver. Energy consumption is a major challenge in the WSN domain, and energy efficient solutions are required because the nodes carry a limited amount of power. Energy harvesting technologies can be used to scavenge energy from the environment, thus prolonging the lifespan of a WSN node. The goal of this thesis is on power management techniques
Popescu, Dalia-Georgiana. "Les hyperfractales pour la modélisation des réseaux sans fil." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS264.
Full textThe modeling of wireless networks with stochastic geometry has become popular in the recent decades. By means of point processes, the positions of wireless infrastructure and users are represented with the aim of computing metrics of interest like capacity, routing delay, broadcast time, etc. This has been done successfully for technologies such as 3G/LTE/Wi-Fi yet, with the arrival of 5G NR, the necessity for rethinking the models for the communication scenario has become paramount. In this thesis we present a novel model for the locations of devices in urban communications networks. The model combines stochastic geometry with fractal geometry and it is called ``hyperfractal". The model exists in two options: the option for modeling the densities of cars on streets and the option for modeling the densities and repartition of auxiliary communication infrastructure. We present in detail the proposed model and its basic properties. In order to complete the description of the model and advocate for its ease of use, we provide a method for computing the fractal dimension of cities. The usefulness of the model is showcased throughout this thesis by several wireless networks applications. One application evaluates the achievable trade-offs between delay and energy consumption for a V2X network in urban environment modeled with hyperfractals. A second application consists into studying the broadcast in a V2V delay-tolerant network. Achievable limits are presented together with a phenomenon specific to hyperfractals: the teleportation phenomenon, which allows an acceleration of the broadcast
El, Masri Mohamad. "Contribution à la qualité de service dans les réseaux d’accès sans fil." Toulouse, INSA, 2009. http://eprint.insa-toulouse.fr/archive/00000295/.
Full textThis thesis is a contribution to specifying, modelling and evaluating Quality of Service mechanisms destined to Wireless Local and Metropolitan networks. The first part of this work is the modelling, using Markov chains, of the IEEE 802. 11e EDCA access scheme. The model we introduce adds, with regards to state of the art models, mechanisms present in the standard which were not accounted for (explicit consideration of the virtual collision phenomena) and corrects misconceptions with regards to the standard (considering the AIFS periods within the Backoff procedure). The model was rendered synthetic in order to make easier it to use (for this purpose we used the Beizer rules of reduction). The model was then used within a hybrid admission control algorithm, using in its decision process both the model and network state measures. The algorithm was validated and compared to other admission control algorithms using ns-2 simulations. In parallel, we proposed a modification of EDCA’s behaviour towards virtual collisions making it fairer. This modification was evaluated using the Markov chain model. A second part of this work was the development, for WiMAX, of bandwidth management framework offering QoS guarantees. This framework is made out of three interacting parts : 1- a bandwidth management for WiMAX that can be modelled as a Latency-Rate server ; 2- an aggregated bandwidth request-response mechanism making the management simpler and more flexible ; 3- an admission control algorithm associated to the architecture guaranteeing its correct functioning. The framework was prospectively developed for heterogeneous wireless networks (WiMAX WMAN interconnecting WiFi WLANs). Our work’s perspectives are on this track : defining a complete QoS solution for heterogeneous wireless networks
Tesserault, Guillaume. "Modélisation multi-fréquences du canal de propagation." Poitiers, 2008. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2008/Tesserault-Guillaume/2008-Tesserault-Guillaume-These.pdf.
Full textMany technical and economical problems have appeared during the planning, deployment and optimization of mobile radio networks. To remedy this, the operators use engineering tools. Among the prerequisites for these engineering tools, field prediction models are probably the most important one. Introduced in engineering tools, they enable wireless networks designers to determine coverage areas of transmitters and to deduct the interference areas. The aim of this thesis is to explore the multi-frequency modelization of the propagation channel. A better insight into the frequency effect would provide valuable answers to the many concerns about UWB and MIMO future systems. The problem was treated for the different representation of propagation channel : the multipath modeling for wide band models and the prediction of field for narrow band models. Two measurement campaigns on typical building materials was designed and carried out "in situ" and inside an anechoic chamber. With the help of these measurements, a new representation for the dielectric parameters was proposed and integrated into engineering tools. The obtained results using these tools were confronted with results of an UWB measurement campaign. They allowed the extension of the validity domain of existing models by limiting the use of new measurement campaigns, and also they helped to increase the robustness of the models used in engineering
Manshaei, Mohammad Hossein. "Cross layer interactions for adaptive communications in IEEE 802. 11 wireless LANs." Nice, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NICE4105.
Full textThe main goal of this thesis is to propose efficient adaptive communication mechanisms using cross layer interactions in IEEE 802. 11 WLANs. First, we present a detailed performance evaluation of 802. 11a/b PHY layer transmission modes. The second contribution of the thesis concerns 802. 11 MAC/PHY layers modelling. An analytical model that accounts for the positions of stations with respect to the access point while evaluating the performance of 802. 11 MAC layer, has been proposed. The third contribution of the thesis concerns rate adaptation mechanisms and especially cross layer algorithms between MAC and PHY layers. An adaptive rate selection algorithm, called AARF for low latency systems that improves upon ARF to provide both short-term and long-term adaptation has been proposed. In this field, we also present a new rate adaptation algorithm designed for high latency systems named AMRR that has been implemented and evaluated on an AR5212-based device. We then propose a closed-loop, dynamic rate selection algorithm that can be implemented in all 802. 11a/b/g compliant wireless local area networks. This algorithm called CLARA is a culmination of the best attributes of the transmitter-based ARF and the RBAR control mechanisms with additional practical features to facilitate multipath fading channel sensing and feedback control signalling. The last contribution of the thesis is on the optimization of real time multimedia transmission over 802. 11 based networks. In particular, we propose a simple and efficient cross layer mechanism, called MORSA, for dynamically selecting the transmission mode considering both the channel conditions and characteristics of the media
Le, Duc Aude. "Performances théoriques et analyse de schémas HARQ dans un contexte d'optimisation inter-couches." Paris, Télécom ParisTech, 2010. https://pastel.hal.science/pastel-00005994.
Full textThis thesis deals with the performance closed-form derivations and the analysis of Hybrid ARQ retransmission schemes in a cross-layer context. Hybrid ARQ mechanism enables us to take benefit from the properties of both ARQ and FEC according to the SNR value. As a consequence, the total amount of transmitted redundancy is automatically adapted to the channel quality, based on the acknowledgment of the previous transmission. Actually, since all the systems operate or are going to operate under IP, it is of interest to evaluate their performance at the IP layer. The metrics considered here are the Packet Error Rate, the efficiency, the delay and the jitter. These four metrics are useful since the different QoS requirements depend on a combination of them. However, in the literature, the performance of HARQ based systems are mainly analyzed at the MAC level only. Furthermore, the analyses are often carried out by means of simulations. The goal is then here to derive the four performance metrics for any HARQ mechanism, at both MAC and IP level, by taking into account some existing optimizations between the IP and MAC layers. Our theoretical derivations are proven to be useful for building algorithms dedicated to radio resource management as well as to unequal data protection
Alam, Muhammad Mansoor. "Corrigé de localisation dans un environment extérieur sans fil en utilisant estimation, filtrage, la prévision et des techniques de fusion : une application par wifi utilisant le terrain à base de connaissances." Phd thesis, Université de La Rochelle, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00815919.
Full textMoniak, Gérald. "Techniques MIMO pour un lien sans fil robuste entre un bus et un poste de contrôle pour une application de surveillance embarquée." Valenciennes, 2007. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/916a3d61-2731-4b0c-9963-6e1e19557266.
Full textThis works deals with a wireless link between a bus and a control centre for embedded audio and video monitoring. Our work is split in three part: the MIMO channels and its modelling, the development of the transmission chain in simulation and its evaluation, the development of a real transmission chain. First, a state of the art of the modelling of the MIMO channel is presented. Real channels are measured and its modelling by the Kronecker and Weichselberger models are studied. The transmitter of the considered chained is based on the WiMAX standard. Two receivers are presented and evaluated: a simple receiver and a turbo receiver. Several channel models are used for the evaluation of the performance. The Turbo receiver proved more effective in terms of bits errors rate. It is more resistant to the spatial correlation and to the errors on the channel estimation. The correlation shows more prejudicial than line of sight for the system. Last, a real transmission module has been developed. The real chain corresponds to the RF part. The generation and the treatments of the signals are realized with developed software. First real transmissions show us a degradation of the performance in comparison with simulations. Alternatives solutions are proposed
Pardonche, Jean-François. "Systèmes de transmission sans fil multi-émetteurs, multi-récepteurs pour des applications transports : étude des modèles de canal de propagation." Lille 1, 2004. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2004/50376-2004-5-6.pdf.
Full textLa pertinence d'un modèle de canal MIMO dépend donc de sa capacité à traduire le degré de corrélation dans le canal. Différents types de modèles de canal MIMO sont présentés dans ce mémoire: les modèles déterministes et les modèles stochastiques. Nous insistons plus particulièrement sur les principes de' construction des modèles stochastiques parce qu'ils ne demandent pas une description de l'environnement et qu'ils sont simples d'utilisation. Ils sont fondés sur le calcul de la corrélation dans le canal. Ces modèles de canal sont comparés à partir de mesures réalisées dans différents environnements, un tunnel de métro et deux environnements "indoor". L'influence des différents environnements sur la capacité d'un canal MIMO est présentée. Il ressort de cette comparaison que les modèles qui décrivent le mieux le comportement du canal MIMO quel que soit l'environnement sont ceux qui reposent sur la matrice de covariance du canal qui permet de prendre en compte de façon intrinsèque à la fois la puissance et la phase des coefficients du canal. La transmission d'un flux vidéo issu d'un système de vidéo surveillance à l'intérieur d'un bus vers un poste de contrôle distant est simulée sous Matlab. Les différents algorithmes implémentés sont décrits et nous rappelons leurs performances. Le meilleur modèle de canal identifié est appliqué sur des mesures réalisées en environnement semi-urbain. Nous montrons le gain apporté par les systèmes MIMO sur les débits ou la robustesse de la liaison sans fil et l'influence des caractéristiques du canal de propagation sur les performances
Monnet, Quentin. "Modèles et mécanismes pour la protection contre les attaques par déni de service dans les réseaux de capteurs sans fil." Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PESC1023/document.
Full textMemory and little energy available), communicating through electromagnetic transmissions. In spite of these limitations, sensors are able to self-deploy and to auto-organize into a network collecting, gathering and forwarding data about their environment to the user. Today those networks are used for many purposes: “intelligent transportation”, monitoring pollution level in the environment, detecting fires, or the “Internet of things” are some example applications involving sensors. Some of them, such as applications from medical or military domains, have strong security requirements. The work of this thesis focuses on protection against “denial of service” attacks which are meant to harm the good functioning of the network. It relies on the use of monitoring sensors: these sentinels are periodically renewed so as to better balance the energy consumption. New mechanisms are introduced so as to establish an efficient selection process for those sensors: the first one favors the ease of deployment (random selection), while the second one promotes load balancing (selection based on residual energy) and the last one is about better security (democratic election based on reputation scores). Furthermore, some tools are provided to model the system as continuous-time Markov chains, as stochastic Petri networks (which are reusable for model checking operations) or even as quantitative games
Souil, Marion. "Contribution à la qualité de service dans les réseaux de capteurs sans fil." Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00919777.
Full textDouyere, Alexandre. "Méthodologie de synthèse et d'optimisation de radiopile bornée à un domaine de fonctionnement." La Réunion, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00458048/fr/.
Full textThe research developed in this report lies in the framework of the Wireless Power Transportation (WPT). The carried study aims at optimizing the collecting/rectifying part of the WPT System where recovery of the microwave energy into continue-us energy takes place. This is a complex non-linear process usually difficult to deal with, in theory and in practice, requiring - if rectenna optimization has to be obtained - a good understanding of the conceptuel, experimental and technological aspects involved in rectenna implementation. This fact has been the rationale for bringing us to implement a methodology for the synthesis of a rectenna when it is only allowed to function in a given limited operating condition space. The process exposed in this document consists in making out a simple and yet precise modelling of the various components of the rectenna, where parameters are extracted from some experimental data, so as to subsequently and efficiently optimize the complete System
Rancurel, Thierry. "Modélisation des erreurs et capacité d'un canal avec évanouissement à l'aide de chaines de Markov." Toulouse, INPT, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPT049H.
Full textEl, Fatni Abdelaziz. "Modélisation, analyse et conception de protocoles MAC multi-canaux dans les réseaux sans fil." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOU20033.
Full textThe use of multi-channel communications in MAC protocols (multi-channel MAC) for wireless networks can significantly improve the network throughput compared with single channel MAC protocols since concurrent transmissions can take place simultaneously on distinct non-overlapping channels without interfering. However, due to the multi-channel environment, a novel issue must be addressed in MAC protocols, which is called "the channel assignment mechanism" in order to coordinate the channels access. The role of this mechanism is to enable nodes to agree on which channel should be used and when for data transmission in a distributed way. The absence of this mechanism or a bad coordination of the channel usage can incur the opposite effect to that intended. Thus, the efficiency of a multi-channel MAC protocol depends strictly on the efficiency of the channel assignment mechanism, which also must provide the guarantees necessary to the good behavior of the multi-channel communications. In this thesis, we focus on the modeling, analysis, and design of new multi-channel MAC protocols in wireless networks. Firstly, we focus on the formal specification and verification of fundamental properties inherent to the activities of the channel assignment and its impact on the data transfer for the main multi-channel MAC approaches proposed in the literature. Secondly, we aim to propose, model and analyze formally two new multichannel MAC protocols, resulting from the qualitative analysis conducted. Finally, a quantitative and comparative study is conducted to analyze the performance of the proposed protocols in terms of the throughput and the impact of the switching time between channels
Douyère, Alexandre. "Méthodologie de synthèse et d'optimisation de radiopile bornée à un domaine de fonctionnement." Phd thesis, Université de la Réunion, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00458048.
Full textChoungmo, Fofack Nicaise Éric. "Sur des modèles pour l'évaluation de performance des caches dans un réseau cœur et de la consommation d'énergie dans un réseau d'accès sans-fil." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00968894.
Full textMaureira, Juan-Carlos. "Internet on rails." Nice, 2011. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00594951.
Full textThis thesis proposes a new method for providing network connectivity to vehicles over a predefined trajectory (trains, metros, urban buses, etc. ). The communication between the vehicle and the infrastructure network is based only on WiFi technology. The contributions of this work are two-folds : the horizontal handover (between WiFi access points) and the design and analysis of an infrastructure network (backbone network plus WiFi access network) deployed along the trajectory of the vehicle. In the first contribution, we propose a handover scheme, called Spiderman Handover, which describes the horizontal handover for an in-motion network (on-board the vehicle) considering a procedure to update the routing information of a bridged infrastructure network (ISI layer 2). We evaluate our proposal by means of simulation and we validate our results by experimental measurements. In the second contribution, we study theoretically the parameters of several chordal like topologies in order to build a backbone network for a linear access network. By comparing these parameters, we propose a backbone network composed by a combination of two chordal topologies. This backbone network provides a good balance between their deployment cost, number of hops to the gateway of the network and a reasonable resilience. Finally, we evaluate the integration of this infrastructure network and the handover scheme by means of simulations. Results showed that the proposed handover scheme works properly on the proposed infrastructure network, allowing the provision of a continuous network connectivity to passengers on-board trains, metros or urban buses
Kaabi, Faouzi. "Modeling and enhancement of wireless access and mesh infrastructure vehicular networks." Nice, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NICE4082.
Full textA major technological breakthrough to improve road safety and traffic efficiency will be cooperative communications for transports systems. Through the use of wireless communications, cooperative systems will allow the dynamic exchange of messages between transportation system such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V21) and velicle-to-infrastructure (V21) communications. Cooperative vehicular systems are composed by Road Side Units (RSUs) and On Board Units (OBUs). OBUs provide network connectivity to the users and are inside their cars whereas the RSUs are fixed and deployed equipment on the public roads. The RSUs can be connected to each other and to the Internet using Wireless Mesh Network backbone. We call “service level / access of the vehicular network” the network composed by the RSUs and the OBUs and we call “backbone level / infrastructure of the vehicular network” the network connecting the RSUs to the Internet. In this thesis, we develop several contributions to improve the vehicular network performances at both service level and backbone level. For the service level, 802. 11p defines a control frequency channel for control and most critical data packets and one or several service frequency channels for less critical packets. As a first step, we propose an analytical model for the 802. 11p operations in the control frequency. It captures all suggested enhancements important for exchanging data packets generated by road safety applications. The model is a simple tool that is able to reproduce expected results. This is an important step toward the improvement of vehicular networks performances. The model is then combined with optimization criteria for optimal placement of roadside units. For the backbone level, we conduct a rich study to identify what are the significant factors and mechanisms that have the most important impact on the WMNs backbone performances. We concluded that investigating on channel allocation and routing is the best answer to that issue. After that, we focused and classified the most interesting work are those proposing a common-layer design between MAC layer and network layer and are the mostly concerning a centralized manner. However, in a wireless environment, presenting centralized approach is not too realistic. Our contributions in this area concern the development of two interesting approaches to solve the addressed problem in distributed fashion
Nguyen, Dinh-Van. "Réseaux de capteurs sans-fil pour la cartographie à l'intérieur et la localisation précise servant la navigation à basse vitesse dans les villes intelligentes." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEM029/document.
Full textWith the increasing demand for urban space, more and more multistory carparks are needed. Although these carparks help to utilize urban space more efficient, they also introduce a new problem. Reports suggest approximately 70 million hours of parking slot searching each year, equivalently 700 million euros loss for France alone. In addition, carparks uses are exceeding their original purposes. Demanding features such as electric charger, online booking of parking spaces, dynamic guidance or mobile payment etc. turn a carpark into a competitive smart environment. One solution to this problem is to develop an autonomous navigation system for intelligent vehicles in the carpark situation. The thesis will identify one of these sub-tasks namely localization in GPS-denied environments. This thesis will present a novel method to solve the indicated problem while keeping the system follows four criteria: availability, scalability, universality and accuracy. There are two main steps: (1) a solution to replicate the GPS behaviour for the GPS-denied environment, and (2) a framework that allows the fusion of GPS-like systems with other localization methods to achieve a high localization accuracy. First, a Wi-Fi Fingerprinting localization system is employed. An approach using an ensemble neural network on a hybrid Wi-Fi fingerprinting database is proposed in this thesis. Experiments in a year-long duration show that this system is capable of localizing vehicles with 2.25m of mean error in the global coordinate frame (WGS84). Second, a complete localization solution must be a fusion of multiple techniques. This allows global as well as local levels of localization to function together. At the same time, having redundancy in the system boosts accuracy and reliability. In this thesis, a flexible fusion framework for multiple localization sensors is proposed. This fusion framework will not only deal with the GPS-denied environment but could be potentially used in the GPS-aided environment and provide a smooth transition between the two areas. To accomplish this demanding task, a Gaussian Mixture Model Particle Filter is developed. While the motion model of this particle filter incorporates data from the IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) or laser-SLAM, the correction model is a Gaussian mixture model of multiple observations obtained from the Wi-Fi fingerprinting localization system. With two intelligent vehicles (a Cybercar and a Citroen C1 car), 64 experiments were carried out to validate the framework. A mean localization error of 0.5m is achieved in a global coordinate frame. Compare to other solutions with 0.2m of mean localization error in local coordinate frames; this proposed solution has advantages in terms of scalability, availability and universality as well
Delangre, Olivier. "Caractérisation et modélisation du canal radio en chambre réverbérante." Thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10144/document.
Full textThe subject of this thesis is the evaluation of the wireless channel model inside a reverberation chamber. A reverberation chamber is a metallic cavity with a mechanical stirrer whose aim is to stir the electric and magnetic fields inside the chamber. The main advantage of a reverberation chamber for channel modelling purpose is its ability to create an unlimited number of channel realizations. A complete characterization of the channel model is investigated in the three main dimensions (time, frequency and position). A theoretical and experimental approach (in 3 different reverberation chambers) is provided. Then a channel model is proposed. The focus is on multiple antennas systems. Their main characteristic is to take advantage of the three dimensions (including space). A full MIMO channel model is thus proposed and validated. Then, a measurement campaign in a car is compared with the measurements and the theory of the reverberation chamber. An OFDM and SC-FDE transmission scheme are applied on the previously developed channel model inside a reverberation chamber. The results are compared with a classical channel model. Finally, a new testbed is discussed. It is made of two reverberation chambers coupled through a waveguide whose transverse dimensions can be changed. The main advantage of this testbed is its ability to control the degree of freedom of the channel
Chen, Jiejia. "Minimisation de la consommation et gestion de l’interférence pour des transmissions multi-sauts et coopératives dans les réseaux de capteurs." Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10097/document.
Full textThe main objective of this work is firstly to study the impact of material characteristics on the consumption of a direct link or a multi-hop transmission in the wireless sensor networks applications. We specifically investigate the communications environment within the building with short transmission distances. A sensors network with low cost but many who can only capture data and transmit it is assumed. A second kind of sensors, fewer but more powerful, is capable of relaying information. Finally, the information is sent to the gateway that may be more expensive and energy-unconstrained. In this context, the physical characteristics may change between the different nodes. We want to see if these factors have an impact on strategies for multi-hop transmissions. Our major contribution is to show that the efficiency or the noise of the nodes in a heterogeneous system is an important parameter for selecting a node and the calculations of optimal relay gains. We then study methods of cooperative diversity "decode and forward" and "Amplify and forward" for improved performance in the context of impulse radio ultra-wideband. Due to the multiple access, the distribution of interference is not Gaussian. We choose the symmetric α-stable model that accurately represents the impulsive nature thanks to its heavy-tailed distribution. The stability property then allows us an analytical study of multi-hop transmissions and cooperatives. We analyze the error probability and obtain semi-analytical expressions. Finally, we propose a criterion for selecting the optimal relay based on the effect of interference
Loosvelt, Matthieu. "Étude des performances des techniques d'accès multiple soumises au bruit de phase." Lille 1, 2006. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/7e300e66-140e-44fa-8df6-396159e45ddd.
Full textTraore, Mahamadou. "Modélisation cellulaire et simulation physique : contribution à l'analyse de la dynamique de population des insectes ravageurs." Thesis, Brest, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BRES0011/document.
Full textInsect pests have long been a serious threat to agriculture in many parts of the world. In particular, desert locusts (Schistocerca Gregaria) are the most feared because of the colossal damage they can inflict on a wide variety of crops.The latter, in their breeding environment and a set of climatic parameters, can be assimilated to a biophysical system. A biophysical system associates several components characterized by their own complexity and that of their interactions. For example, rain brings moisture and canopy development that is critical in Desert Locust population dynamics. These biophysical systems can be controlled by various means, including a monitoring network coupling wireless sensors. The integration of biophysical systems and observation networks can be one of the major events of this decade. It allows an exchange between physical cyclical processes and information systems. These can collect and process field data and can also act on the physical system through feedback loops. This integration has been made possible thanks to technological advances noted in the fields of microelectronics and wireless transmission. It is found in emerging fields such as fine agriculture. This thesis is devoted to cellular modeling and simulation of physical systems. For this, a spatial and temporal sampling of a Desert Locust breeding area was carried out using specific tools with different resolutions, in order to generate the cellular systems. These cellular systems contain information such as wind, temperature, relative humidity and rainfall. Spatial sampling allows a migration representation and temporal sampling can track the local evolution of individuals in a cell.Cellular systems are transcribed into communicating process networks and evolve synchronously to reproduce and simulate the phenomenon of intercellular migration and the life cycle of the Desert Locust in a cell. The construction of these systems has been explored in depth, making vary their geographical context, the criteria for classification, the cells, connectivity between processes, collective behaviors.Exploration has focused on the generation of parallel codes and performance at the execution, mainly for the case of lite processes.This work has led to the production of two parametric simulators, the first of which is aimed at Desert Locust population dynamics with a view to assessing the state of the locust situation through coupling between synchronous monitoring networks and biophysical systems. The second allows you to plan the deployment of wireless sensor networks in an area to determine the location of the sensors
Fouquet, Yoann. "Optimization methods for network design under variable link capacities." Thesis, Compiègne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015COMP2233/document.
Full textThis thesis summaries the work we have done in optimization of resilient communication networks. More specifically, the main goal is to propose appropriated recovery mechanisms for managing the demand traffic in a network under partial failures, i.e. when some part of the network (one or some links and/or nodes) is operational with reduced capacity. The main criterion in deciding the efficiency of the proposed recovery scheme is the dimensioning cost of the network while keeping the management cost at reasonable levels. Our main contribution is the design of two restoration strategies named Flow Thinning and Elastic Flow Rerouting. This document is organized in three main parts. In the first part, we present the problematic of the thesis. It includes an introduction on the protection and rerouting state-of-art strategies, together with their mathematical models and resolution methods. The second part presents in depth the first protection strategy named Flow Thinning. This strategy manages partial failures by decreasing appropriately the bandwidth on some flows routed through one of perturbed links. This implies overdimensionning of the network in the nominal state to ensure demand traffic in all failure states. The third and last part deals with the second rerouting strategy called Elastic Flow Rerouting. This strategy is a bit more complex than the first one because, in a failure state, we need to distinguish demands which are disturbed and the one which are not. If a demand is disturbed, it can increase the traffic on some of its paths. If it is not disturbed, it can release bandwidth on paths at the condition it remains non-disturbed. All this allows for further reducing the dimensioning cost but at a higher cost in terms of recovery process management. Note that the dimensioning problems for each strategy are shown to be NP-hard in their general form. The work of the thesis has been published in: three journal articles (Fouquet et al. (2015b), Pióro et al. (2015), Shinko et al. (2015)), two invited articles (Fouquet and Nace (2015), Fouquet et al. (2014c)) and height articles in international conferences (Fouquet et al. (2015a; 2014d;a;b;e), Pióro et al. (2013b;a), Shinko et al. (2013)). Note that Pióro et al. (2013b) has been rewarded by a "Best Paper Award" from the RNDM conference. To conclude, note that this thesis was realized in the Heudiasyc laboratory, from the Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC). It was financed by the French Ministry of Higher Education and Research1 with the support of the Labex MS2T2 of the UTC
Gallais, Antoine. "Ordonnancement d'Activité dans les Réseaux de Capteurs : l'Exemple de la Couverture de surface." Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00256841.
Full textNous avons choisi d'étudier des approches localisées uniquement, ne reposant sur aucune infrastructure. L'objectif est d'obtenir un comportement global cohérent à partir de décisions individuelles simples issues d'informations locales. Chaque noeud décide de sa propre activité en ne se basant que sur l'observation de ses propres voisins. Les changements de topologie du réseau (dus à la mobilité, aux pannes ou à des changements de statut) ne sont par conséquent vécus par les noeuds que comme de simples modifications de leurs voisinages. Ceci permet d'obtenir des solutions robustes, adaptables et surtout passables à l'échelle, aspect extrêmement important dans des réseaux où les densités évoquées peuvent être d'une centaine de noeuds par zone de communication.
Nos propositions se distinguent non seulement parce qu'elles considèrent les problèmes de connexité et de couverture de zone comme n'en étant qu'un seul, mais aussi de par leur faible coût en communication ainsi que par leur robustesse. Nous avons ensuite étudié diverses méthodes d'extension à la couverture multiple où tout point de la zone doit être couvert par un nombre fixé de capteurs actifs. Enfin, nous avons évalué toutes ces approches à l'aide de modèles de communication réalistes, montrant que nos solutions conservent toute leur cohérence, en termes de couverture et de connexité. En revanche, aux protocoles classiques souffrant de pertes de performances, nous avons proposé des mécanismes améliorerant leur comportement dans des environnements réalistes.
Prayongpun, Nuttapol. "Modélisation et étude de la capacité du canal pour un système multi-antennes avancé exploitant la diversité de polarisation." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00396666.
Full textLe travail présenté dans cette thèse est d'abord consacré à la caractérisation et à la modélisation du canal de transmission compte tenu des diverses composantes de polarisation des antennes à trois dimensions. Est traitée également l'étude comparative de la capacité de deux types de systèmes de communication multi-antennes. D'une part, il s'agit du système de communication multi-antennes à polarisation unique : dans ce système, sont exploités des antennes ayant les mêmes polarisations. D'autre part, sont examinés les systèmes à polarisation multiple, à savoir, les systèmes MIMO à double polarisation, à triple polarisation et à sextuple polarisation.
Mameri, Djelloul. "L'indépendant faiblement connexe : études algorithmiques et polyédrales." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF22513/document.
Full textIn this work, we focus on a topology for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). A wireless sensor network can be modeled as an undirected graph G = (V,E). Each vertex of V represents a sensor and an edge e = {u, v} in E implies a direct transmission between the two sensors u and v. Unlike wired devices, wireless sensors are not a priori arranged in a network. Topology should be made by selecting some sensor as dominators nodes who manage transmissions. Architectures that have been studied in the literature are mainly based on connected dominating sets and weakly connected dominating sets.This study is devoted to weakly connected independent sets. An independent set S ⊂ V is said Weakly Connected if the graph GS = (V, [S, V \S]) is connected, where [S, V \S] is the set of edges with exactly one end in S. A sensor network topology based on weakly connected sets is partition into three groups, slaves, masters and bridges. The first performs the measurements, the second gathers the collected data and the later provides the inter-group communications. We first give some properties of this combinatorial structure when the undirected graph G is connected. Then we provide complexity results for the problem of finding the minimum weakly connected independent set problem (MWCISP). We also describe an exact enumeration algorithm of complexity O∗(1.4655|V |) (for the (MWCISP)). Numerical tests of this exact procedure are also presented. We then present an integer programming formulation for the minimum weakly connected independent set problem and discuss its associated polytope. Some classical graph operations are also used for defining new polyhedra from pieces. We give valid inequalities and describe heuristical separation algorithms for them. Finally, we develop a branch-and-cut algorithm and test it on two classes of graphs
Kraemer, Michael M. "Design of a low-power 60 GHz transceiver front-end and behavioral modeling and implementation of its key building blocks in 65 nm CMOS." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ISAT0027/document.
Full textWorldwide regulations for short range communication devices allow the unlicensed use of several Gigahertz of bandwidth in the frequency band around 60GHz. This 60GHz band is ideally suited for applications like very high data rate, energy-autonomous wireless sensor networks or Gbit/s multimedia links with low power constraints. Not long ago, radio interfaces that operate in the millimeter-wave frequency range could only be realized using expensive compound semiconductor technologies. Today, the latest sub-micron CMOS technologies can be used to design 60GHz radio frequency integrated circuits (RFICs)at very low cost in mass production. This thesis is part of an effort to realize a low power System in Package (SiP) including both the radio interface (with baseband and RF circuitry) and an antenna array to directly transmit and receive a 60GHz signal. The first part of this thesis deals with the design of the low power RF transceiver front-end for the radio interface. The key building blocks of this RF front-end (amplifiers, mixers and a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO)) are designed, realized and measured using the 65nm CMOS technology of ST Microelectronics. Full custom active and passive devices are developed for the use within these building blocks. An important step towards the full integration of the RF transceiver front-end is the assembly of these building blocks to form basic transmitter and receiver chips. Circuits with small chip size and low power consumption compared to the state of the art have been accomplished.The second part of this thesis concerns the development of behavioral models for the designed building blocks. These system level models are necessary to simulate the behavior of the entire SiP, which becomes too complex when using detailed circuit level models. In particular, a novel technique to model the transient, steady state and phase noise behavior of the VCO in the hardware description language VHDL-AMS is proposed and implemented. The model uses a state space description to describe the dynamic behavior of the VCO. Its nonlinearity is approximated by artificial neural networks. A drastic reduction of simulation time with respect to the circuit level model has been achieved, while at the same time maintaining a very high level of accuracy
Shu, Huaqiang. "Algorithmes de poursuite pour l'estimation de canal radio-mobile et performances asymptotiques : applications pour les systèmes OFDM." Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00918418.
Full textKandukuri, Somasekhar Reddy. "Spatio-Temporal Adaptive Sampling Techniques for Energy Conservation in Wireless Sensor Networks." Thesis, La Réunion, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LARE0021/document.
Full textWireless sensor networks (WSNs) technology have been demonstrated to be a usefulmeasurement system for numerous bath indoor and outdoor applications. There is avast amount of applications that are operating with WSN technology, such asenvironmental monitoring, for forest fire detection, weather forecasting, water supplies, etc. The independence nature of WSNs from the existing infrastructure. Virtually, the WSNs can be deployed in any sort of location, and provide the sensor samples accordingly in bath time and space. On the contrast, the manual deployments can only be achievable at a high cost-effective nature and involve significant work. ln real-world applications, the operation of wireless sensor networks can only be maintained, if certain challenges are overcome. The lifetime limitation of the distributed sensor nodes is amongst these challenges, in order to achieve the energy optimization. The propositions to the solution of these challenges have been an objective of this thesis. ln summary, the contributions which have been presented in this thesis, address the system lifetime, exploitation of redundant and correlated data messages, and then the sensor node in terms of usability. The considerations have led to the simple data redundancy and correlated algorithms based on hierarchical based clustering, yet efficient to tolerate bath the spatio-temporal redundancies and their correlations. Furthermore, a multihop sensor network for the implementation of propositions with more features, bath the analytical proofs and at the software level, have been proposed