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1
Hardy, Jonathan. "UK Television Policy and Regulation, 2000–10." Journal of British Cinema and Television 9, no. 4 (October 2012): 521–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jbctv.2012.0104.
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Between 2000 and 2010, new institutional arrangements were created for UK broadcasting regulation, built upon a radical rethinking of communications policy. This article examines key changes arising from Labour's media policy, the Communications Act 2003 and the work of Ofcom. It argues that changes within broadcasting were less radical than the accompanying rhetoric, and that contradictory tendencies set limits to dominant trends of marketisation and liberalisation. The article explores these tendencies by reviewing the key broadcasting policy issues of the decade including policies on the BBC, commercial public service and commercial broadcasting, spectrum and digital switchover, and new digital services. It assesses changes in the structural regulation of media ownership, the shift towards behavioural competition regulation, and the regulation of media content and commercial communications. In doing so, it explores policy rationales and arguments, and examines tensions and contradictions in the promotion of marketisation, the discourses of market failure, political interventions, and the professionalisation of policy-making.
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Harrison, Kate. "RCTS: A Review of the Policy Process." Media Information Australia 38, no. 1 (November 1985): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x8503800109.
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The political problems surrounding the provision of a commercial television service to viewers in remote areas first surfaced publicly in the 1984 Australian Broadcasting Tribunal (ABT) Inquiry into Satellite Program Services (SPS). The Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) had already worked out its Homestead and Community Broadcasting Satellite Service (HACBSS) scheme for bringing ABC TV to remote areas via the satellite, but there remained considerable uncertainty as to the provision of commercial television to remote areas. The Minister for Communications asked the Tribunal to examine this issue in the course of its Inquiry.
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Thomas, Julian. "The Old New Television and the New: Digital Transitions at Home." Media International Australia 129, no. 1 (November 2008): 91–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0812900110.
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Over the past decade, a major policy and regulatory problem for governments in Australia and elsewhere has been the implementation of strategies to switch from analogue to digital television broadcasting systems. Despite extensive debate, the transition to digital broadcasting remains fraught. What seems to be a technical matter conceals a range of intractable social, economic and cultural policy decisions. This article explores some of the challenges of digital television through the prism of an earlier, and often overlooked, transformation of television, namely the consumer-driven uptake of what can be called the ‘new television technologies’ of the 1970s and 1980s. These earlier forms of new television help to highlight several arguments: that television was not a stable object prior to digital broadcasting; that the connections between television and broadcasting have been contingent and provisional; and that a remarkable degree of innovation, disruption and adaptation has occurred at the fringes of the broadcasting system, leading to the creation of new audiovisual economies on the boundaries of the household and the market. The article then considers some examples of the ways in which this ‘household sector’ is developing as a new policy problem.
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Willmot, Eric. "Aboriginal Broadcasting in Remote Australia." Media Information Australia 43, no. 1 (February 1987): 38–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x8704300112.
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A review of Eric Michaels' report Aboriginal Invention of Television: Central Australia 1982–1986, Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies, Canberra, 1986, 159p, gratis; and policy considerations for Aboriginal broadcasting in remote Australia.
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Viney, Rachel. "Religious broadcasting on UK television: Policy, public perception and programmes." Cultural Trends 9, no. 36 (January 1999): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09548969909365097.
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Krauss, Ellis S. "Changing Television News in Japan." Journal of Asian Studies 57, no. 3 (August 1998): 663–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2658737.
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In the industrialized democratic world, broadcasting news monopolies and oligopolies have all but disappeared. Whereas public broadcasters in Western Europe in the earlier postwar period had a monopoly or duopoly on televised news, today there is a more diverse market with competition from other public and commercial broadcasters, often carried by new technology such as satellites. In the United States, the oligopoly of the three networks in news has been broken by both CNN on cable and, to a lesser extent, PBS in its program “News Hour.” Thus the new competition introduced into broadcasting systems has been the result of either changed government policy or new technological mediums, or in certain instances both.
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Rutherford, Leonie. "The ABC, the Australian Children's Television Foundation and the Emergence of Digital Children's Television in Australia." Media International Australia 151, no. 1 (May 2014): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x1415100103.
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This article analyses the campaign to establish terrestrial digital children's public service broadcasting in Australia. It finds that the development of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation's digital children's channel (ABC3), an initiative initially embraced somewhat opportunistically, enabled an expansion strategy for the public service broadcaster that ultimately helped determine the shape of its current digital channel portfolio. Contrasting the collective and divergent interpretations of future audience behaviours and needs developed by the Australian Children's Television Foundation (ACTF) and the ABC, it argues that both organisations developed strategies and made policy decisions that were influential in conditioning the current digital television ecology.
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Masduki. "Political economy of sport broadcasting: Assessing Indonesian PSB policy in sport broadcasting." International Communication Gazette 79, no. 2 (January 23, 2017): 162–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748048516689196.
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The increasing presence of sport broadcasting on public service broadcasters in Indonesia is driven by a mixture of interests. It may serve as a tool for education and entertainment as well as for increasing awareness of ‘symbolic nationalism’. Sport can also be used as a soft political campaign in the electoral system or even for pragmatic business purposes. This article assesses the sport broadcasting histories and policies of two Indonesian public service broadcasters: Radio of the Republic of Indonesia, and Television of the Republic of Indonesia. It assesses two political periods: the authoritarian period (1966–1998) and the transition towards a more liberal system (1998-present). Furthermore, this article critically examines both the political and economic interests behind the mediated sport policy. In addition, it intends to fill the gap in studies on sport policy, specifically public service broadcaster sport programming in transitional states. This study found that a change in the political structure resulted in unstable policies of sport broadcasting in Indonesian public broadcasters.
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Hult, Francis M. "Swedish television as a mechanism for language planning and policy." Language Problems and Language Planning 34, no. 2 (June 21, 2010): 158–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lplp.34.2.04hul.
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The function of the public service broadcasting company Sveriges Television (Swedish Television) as a component of the Swedish ecology of language planning and policy is examined. Analysis of recent policy documents as well as data about television programming illuminates how television serves as a language planning mechanism. It is shown that television is explicitly framed as a tool for status planning through regulations about the relative positions of different languages in this domain. The management of content in Swedish, national minority languages, and other languages, in turn, suggests that Sveriges Television is also implicitly engaged in discourse planning that (re)produces the current linguistic hierarchy in Sweden through the representation of multilingualism.
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Rahayu, Rahayu. "Political Interconnection in the Operation of Digital Terrestrial Free-to- Air Television Broadcasting." Policy & Governance Review 2, no. 1 (March 23, 2018): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.30589/pgr.v2i1.69.
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Agent(s) role in the implementation of policies is frequently considered as the determining factor for the success of policy implementation. This is reflected quite clearly in the “principle- agent” theory that describes how self-interested agent influences the implementation process. However, is self-interested agent still relevant in explaining Indonesia’s broadcasting policy implementation? What if policy implementation involved many actors with their respective personal interests? How will agents position themselves amidst numerous personal interest- bearing actors? By using the political economy approach, this research aims to reveal the role of agents in the constellation of actors’ relation to Indonesia’s broadcasting policy implementation. The operation of digital terrestrial free-to-air television broadcasting case is used to provide a reflection of agents’ position and political behavior in responding to the interest among actors. This research was conducted using the qualitative approach by implementing the data collection technique through in-depth interviews and document analysis. The research result shows that broadcasting policy implementation is not merely influenced by a self-interested agent but is also influenced by political interconnection and multiple-principles’ political-economic interest.
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Najikh, Ahmad Hayyan, and Muhammad Ardy Zaini. "KEBIJAKAN KOMISI PENYIARAN INDONESIA TERHADAP KONTEN TELEVISI EDISI RAMADHAN." Dakwatuna: Jurnal Dakwah dan Komunikasi Islam 6, no. 01 (February 22, 2020): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.36835/dakwatuna.v6i01.502.
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The research entitled " THE KPI POLICY IN THE TELEVISION INDUSTRY (Case Study of KPI Policy on Content of Television Broadcasting Program Ramadhan Edition)" is motivated by the lack of maximum role of the government in creating situations and conditions conducive to worship in the month of Ramadan, especially in the realm of television media broadcasting the Ramadan edition)". The concrete form is that some of the da'wah programs on television present more shows than guidance, some deviate to the point of lacking in everyday examples. Whereas television, if seen from the perspective of da'wah, can be said to be an effective da'wah media. And the role of government here is institutionally represented by KPI (Indonesian Broadcasting Commission). This study aims to find out exactly how the Indonesian Broadcasting Commission's policies towards television media content, especially during the month of Ramadan. Because of KPI's findings, found violations committed by television media are a repetition of previous years. This research is a qualitative study using policy analysis as a methodology for analyzing KPI policies, which includes collecting data from online news, the Broadcasting Law, KPI's official website and MUI statement, and then analyzing the findings. The results show that if theoretically, the policies issued by KPI institutions are legally strong and must be obeyed by all parties related to KPI institutions. But in reality there are still those who have not yet implemented it. And when related to the theories above, the factors that cause implementation to fail are due to factors such as the selection of the wrong strategy, or the wrong "machine" or "instrument"; "Programming" bureaucracy is wrong; the operation operation is bad; there is something wrong at the "executive level"; or a bad response to a problem. From these factors, it could be that the factors within the KPI are the poor level of implementing policies. The lack of strict sanctions provided, so that KPI institutions do not have the authority in the eyes of media stakeholders. And can also be bad bureaucratic instruments.
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Keys, Wendy. "Children's Television: A Barometer of the Australian Media Policy Climate." Media International Australia 93, no. 1 (November 1999): 9–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x9909300104.
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In relation to media policy, children's television is ‘special’ on a number of levels. The ways in which childhood is constructed and defined are complex and often contradictory; the state of children's television can be used as a barometer of the broader media policy climate; and the subject of children's television has mobilised strong, active and ‘successful’ interest groups. The following discussion is based on analysis of the introduction, development and trajectory of children's television policy and production practices in Australia from the 1945 ‘List of Principles to Govern Children's Programs' (radio) to the debates, issues and policy initiatives raised in the Australian Commonwealth Government Productivity Commission Inquiry into Broadcasting in 1999.
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Ramsey, Phil. "‘It could redefine public service broadcasting in the digital age’." Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies 24, no. 2 (July 27, 2016): 152–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354856516659001.
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In November 2015, the BBC Trust gave its final approval for BBC Three to cease broadcasting on television in the United Kingdom and become an online-only entity. The decision is a landmark moment in the history of BBC Television and has significant implications for BBC planning in relation to the continued transition from broadcast television to streaming and download services. In this article, the original proposals for moving BBC Three online are assessed and discussed within the wider context of current BBC policy. It is argued that the rationale used for moving BBC Three online is based on arguments that vary in the extent to which they are backed by evidence. It is also argued that the plans have significant regulatory implications for the future of BBC Television and for the television licence fee in the United Kingdom.
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Noni Suharyanti, Ni Putu, and Kadek Endra Setiawan. "PERAN KOMISI PENYIARAN INDONESIA DALAM MENGAWASI PENYELENGGARAAN PENYIARAN PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19." Jurnal Aktual Justice 6, no. 1 (June 14, 2021): 78–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.47329/aktualjustice.v6i1.622.
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In order to support the government in overcoming the Covid-19 outbreak, Komisi Penyiaran Indonesia (KPI) has issued several policies related to broadcasting, especially on television. This policy was taken considering that television is still the media with the most audience reach and has a high duplication power in society. Therefore, in every program broadcast to the public, adherence to health protocols is a must. Based on this, it is necessary to examine in depth the role of KPI in overseeing broadcasting and the synergy between Central and Regional KPIs in overseeing broadcasting during the Covid-19 pandemic. The results showed that the KPI in supervising broadcasting during the Covid-19 pandemic played an optimal role in regulating and supervising broadcast content by issuing policies to broadcast the socialization of prevention of the spread of Covid-19 either through Public Service Ads (ILM) or other programs by television and radio. In addition, KPI also issued KPI Decree (KKPI) Number 12 of 2020 concerning Support of Broadcasting Institutions in Efforts to Prevent and Overcome the Spread of Covid-19. Then to follow up on the Circular on news related to the Covid-19 Virus, the Central KPI along with Regional KPI throughout Indonesia conveyed and reminded all Broadcasting Institutions to remain guided by broadcasting rules in broadcasting institutions to convey useful and accountable information.
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Kawamura, Ichiro. "Positioning of the Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcasting in the Policy of Japan." Journal of the Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers 58, no. 1 (2004): 16–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3169/itej.58.16.
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Flew, Terry. "Broadcasting Policy in a New Cultural Regime the Case of Australian Television." Media Information Australia 73, no. 1 (August 1994): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x9407300114.
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Selby, Hannah. "Continuity and Change in British Public Service Television’s Engagement with Mental Health." VIEW Journal of European Television History and Culture 9, no. 18 (December 24, 2020): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.18146/view.226.
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This article explores factual television coverage of mental health by British public service broadcasters (PSB) from the post-war period, examining continuity and change by highlighting the range of voices given airtime, the variety of programme formats and stylistic presentation. It argues that British television has had a long commitment to educating the public about mental health, periodically examining mental health policies, and providing air-time for a range of perspectives. In addition, mental health conditions are now featured more widely, however newer factual genres emphasise experiential accounts and self-accountability over critical investigation. By situating televisual representations of mental health within a historical framework of UK broadcasting and mental health policy, it contributes to the history of health and television, demonstrating the ways in which policy, broadcasting practices and cultural constructions of mental health are interrelated.
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Debrett, Mary. "Extreme Makeover: The Recurring Motif of New Zealand Broadcasting Policy." Media International Australia 117, no. 1 (November 2005): 76–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0511700109.
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Broadcasting policy in New Zealand has been described as ‘political football’ (Gregory, 1985: 98). Predating the Lange Labour government's radical deregulation of 1989, this metaphor reflects routine restructuring and political disregard for the potential cultural and social merits of state-owned broadcasting. Pragmatic change, masquerading as reform, has left the public increasingly underserved: from the ‘Clayton's’ solution of the monopoly era, non-commercial days, to the radical transformation into a ‘cash cow’ in the 1990s, to the Clark Labour government's CROC — a chartered public service broadcaster with a continuing remit to be profitable. This article explores, for an international audience, the combination of factors — historical predisposition, economics and political ideology — that has denied the New Zealand public a mainstream, non-commercial television service and, with reference to the changing nature of broadcasting, discusses the continuing importance of such a model.
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Svensson, Kent, and Lelia Green. "Battling the Commercialisation of the Swedish Mediasphere." Media International Australia 95, no. 1 (May 2000): 117–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0009500112.
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The regulation of national broadcasting is a forum for the official expression of a country's media priorities. Sweden has consistently attempted to prevent foreign broadcasters from establishing themselves in the Swedish mediasphere. Subsequently, wherever a non-Swedish broadcaster has demonstrated market demand for a media product not available in Sweden, the government has attempted to create a Swedish equivalent to meet public demand and prevent the loss of audience share to non-Swedish broadcasters. This dynamic is especially clear in terms of the introduction of commercial broadcasting. Sweden was the last country in Western Europe to license a commercial television station, in 1992. This case study addresses the accommodation of the historically socialist government to the demands for commercial broadcasting, and the policy debates which informed these deliberations. It is argued that one reason for the Swedish government resisting commercial television was an opposition to the country's further integration within global capitalism, regardless of the fact that Swedish technology has helped the expansion of transnational broadcasting systems.
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UKka, Ibrahim T. I. "COMMUNICATION PLANNING AND POLICY: COMMUNICATION PLANNING PT. ABADI LIGHT TELEVISION (TATV) BRANDING." International Journal of Applied Research in Social Sciences 1, no. 4 (June 21, 2020): 95–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.51594/ijarss.v1i4.37.
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The presence of PT. Eternal Light Television (TATV) as local television in Surakarta and surrounding there initially, viewed pessimistically by the surrounding community. This is very reasonable considering that no television has been established in Surakarta. On April 29, 2004, TATV began broadcasting on air, and was called "Jelang Tayang Perdana". At the start of launching on air or the trial broadcast by TATV it still seemed to be less professional. There are no programs that can be presented such as national television, only limited to advertisements in the form of slides. The screenings are still very simple and not very interesting. In addition to image quality, it may be due to the lack of human resource management.At first, TATV only broadcast for 3 hours and the ShowTime is still limited to daylight hours. After conducting a grand launch on September 1, 2004, TATV began broadcasting for 8 hours per day. After surviving several months with broadcasts for 8 hours per day in subsequent developments, TATV then began pursuing the target to be 14 hours per day. And the current situation of TATV has had broadcast hours of 18 hours per day which continue to the present day. TATV has a strong commitment to fight for the creation of an advanced Indonesian society in all aspects of life, based on positive life values. This commitment is communicated by TATV management, to viewers via TV PROMO, Content (Program on air), or through continuous (intense) event affair. The aim is to create a single perception that is strong in the minds of viewers.
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De Bens, Els. "Het recente beleid inzake de audiovisuele media in België." Res Publica 32, no. 2-3 (September 30, 1990): 299–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/rp.v32i2-3.18847.
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During recent years, the audiovisual landscape in Belgium has been going through a number of drastic changes.The monopoly of the public broadcasting system, standing for over 40 years, was breached. Several hundreds of private radio stations, two new commercial television stations and a number of private local television stations saw the light. The advent of all these newcomers has created a competitive media system. Therivalry between the public broadcasting companies and the commercial stations is very severe and unfortunately the PBS are imitating the commercial model: they sacrifice more time for fiction and entertainment. Moreover, the Belgian media policy is very permissive and favours commercialisation.
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Hoskins, C., and S. McFadyen. "Television in the New Broadcasting Environment: Public Policy Lessons from the Canadian Experience." European Journal of Communication 4, no. 2 (June 1989): 173–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267323189004002004.
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Hayday, Matthew. "Brought To You by the Letters C, R, T, and C: Sesame Street and Canadian Nationalism." Journal of the Canadian Historical Association 27, no. 1 (July 18, 2017): 95–137. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1040526ar.
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The wildly popular educational program Sesame Street arrived in Canada during a key transitional period for Canadian broadcasting policy in the early 1970s. An American-made program, it was threatened with cancellation by stations seeking to meet their Canadian content (CanCon) quotas with the least possible financial cost. A heated debate that included public protests and lobbying ensued, involving the Canadian Radio-Television Commission (CRTC), the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC), the media, parliamentarians, parents and even children. Each group advanced their particular interests regarding the issue of Canadianizing television. Ultimately, the CBC provided a compromise solution with the Canadianization of Sesame Street, whereby a portion of the program’s segments would be replaced by Canadian-made material that aimed to provide messages about Canada for young children. This tumultuous debate and its ultimate solution reveal the ambivalent attitudes held by Canadians, private broadcasters, and even the CBC about both the CRTC’s Canadianization policies and the quantitative approaches used to meet its objectives. It also demonstrates the roles that activist groups and more established interests such as broadcasters have played in shaping Canadian broadcasting policy.
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Sullivan, John L. "Transporting Television in Space and Time: The Export ofDoctor Whoto the United States in the 1970s and 1980s." Journal of British Cinema and Television 12, no. 3 (July 2015): 342–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jbctv.2015.0269.
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The revival of the BBC series Doctor Who in 2005 heralded the successful rebirth of a defunct science fiction series that had been cancelled in 1989. While the 2005 incarnation was designed as a slick, high-budget media product with cross-national appeal, the initial series, which was broadcast regularly from 1963 to 1989, was quite different – quirky, low-budget and distinctly British. In fact, the roll-out of Doctor Who on American television screens in the late 1970s was marred by missteps thanks in part to structural differences between the US and British broadcasting systems. This essay explores the initial expansion of Doctor Who into the United States beginning in the late 1960s, first via syndication to commercial stations with Time Life Television and later to Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) stations nationwide through the BBC's US distribution arm, Lionheart Television. The attempt to internationalise the Doctor Who audience in its first two decades is examined through the larger lens of shared British and American broadcasting history and policy before and during the Thatcher era. Ironically, while the BBC scrapped Doctor Who in the 1980s due to market pressures and personal rivalries, it attracted an engaged and loyal fan base in the United States, ultimately boosting the fortunes of American public television.
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Murphy, Kenneth. "Ireland, broadcasting and the spectrum wars." Journal of Digital Media & Policy 11, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 29–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jdmp_00010_1.
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This article offers an overview and evaluation of Ireland’s changing media landscape through the prism of the recent policy contestation surrounding the future use of the UHF spectrum and its implications for the medium of television broadcasting. The article brings into focus current policy and governance developments and their interplay with market and technological change and how they are shaping a small open European state’s adaptation to the increasingly complex national/global hybrid media ecosystem. It examines the contexts surrounding the competition for spectrum resources and its implications for the role of free-to-air broadcasting and mobile broadband technologies in the future delivery of media and communication services. It takes a political economy and institutionalist perspective to evaluate the extent to which the evolution of the Irish institutional framework regarding broadcasting and broadband development and the allocation of spectrum frequencies is shaped by broader political economic and political/institutional dynamics and what this means for the remediation of broadcasting within the evolving digital media ecology.
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Hayden, Craig. "Arguing Public Diplomacy: The Role of Argument Formations in US Foreign Policy Rhetoric." Hague Journal of Diplomacy 2, no. 3 (2007): 229–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187119007x240514.
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AbstractSince 2002, US communication-based foreign policies have resulted in the launch of two high-profile international broadcasting stations — Radio Sawa and al-Hurra television — as well as other failed ventures such as the 'Shared Values' documentary campaign and the Hi Arabic youth magazine. These policies have, at best, delivered mixed results as a form of public diplomacy for the United States. The principal objective of this article is to illuminate how governing beliefs about public diplomacy might have mitigated its success, by identifying the implicit policy imagination revealed in policy arguments. This article investigates the discursive imagination behind US international broadcasting programmes and how public debate outlines an 'argument formation' for US foreign-policy rhetoric. Three episodes of policy argument between 2001 and 2005 are assessed as demonstrative of a rhetorically constructed policy imagination that prompted a broadcasting strategy that was incompatible with the communicative norms of its targeted foreign audience.
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Hargreaves Heap, S. P. "Television in a digital age: what role for public service broadcasting?" Economic Policy 20, no. 41 (January 1, 2005): 112–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0327.2005.00134.x.
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Scholes, M. "Peter Goodwin, Television under the Tories: Broadcasting Policy, 1979-97; Paul Bonner and Lesley Aston, Independent Television in Britain." Screen 40, no. 4 (December 1, 1999): 461–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/screen/40.4.461.
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HARCOURT, ALISON J. "Institution-driven Competition: The Regulation of Cross-border Broadcasting in the EU." Journal of Public Policy 27, no. 3 (December 2007): 293–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143814x07009713.
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ABSTRACTThis article examines the deregulation of cross-broader broadcasting to test its impact on strategies pursued by EU member states. It modifies our understanding of regulatory competition through an institutional explanation of the process. The European Union’s Television Without Frontiers (1989) Directive provided a framework for regulatory competition in television broadcast markets. Despite a high level of investment flight, member states did not automatically respond with deregulation but were compelled to do so by the European Court of Justice. Therefore national deregulation in this field was not a natural response to the preference of economic actors or an objective of state policy; it was driven by the European institutions.
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Gallimore, Tim. "Radio and television broadcasting to Cuba: U.S. communication policy and the International First Amendment." Gazette (Leiden, Netherlands) 52, no. 1 (August 1993): 43–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001654929305200103.
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Thomas, Julian. "It's Later Than You Think: The Productivity Commission's Broadcasting Inquiry and beyond." Media International Australia 95, no. 1 (May 2000): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0009500104.
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The central argument of the Productivity Commission's final report on broadcasting is that Australian media policy requires substantial renovation if it is to deal effectively with new communications technologies. This article discusses the application of this argument to several important aspects of the inquiry: spectrum allocation and pricing, digital television policy, ownership and control, and local content regulation. Finally, it provides a brief comment on media coverage of the inquiry and notes factors which may work in favour of policy reform.
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Duncan, Jane. "Accumulation by symbolic dispossession: the Digital Terrestrial Television transition in South Africa." Media, Culture & Society 39, no. 5 (January 6, 2017): 611–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0163443716686670.
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Using a critical political economy perspective, this article focusses on the migration from analogue to Digital Terrestrial Television (DTT) in South Africa. Drawing on relevant international examples, it explores whether South Africa’s regulator is realising one of the major promises of the DTT transition, namely, to create more media diversity in the television sector. It analyses decisions taken by the communications regulator in allocating the digital multiplexes and whether these are contributing to broadening the public sphere. Sadly, in spite of the promise that the transition held, there are signs of it leading to reduced diversity and an upward redistribution of spectrum to upper-income brackets. Commercial broadcasting has become even more dominant than it was in the analogue space, which has intensified what Robert Horwitz has called a ‘commercialising juggernaut’ in television. These developments risk turning the country’s policy of three tiers of broadcasting – already under strain – into a policy in name only. Working class audiences that rely on public service television especially are being dispossessed of spectrum, depriving them of the resources necessary to speak to and be heard by mass audiences. The article asks why the DTT transition has come to this, and in attempting to answer this question, it critiques dominant theories of regulatory behaviour (including critical ones) as being overly structuralist in approach and not taking sufficient account of the agency needed to bring about a decommodified television system where the power to make symbolic resources is not determined by wealth.
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Lesage, Frederik. "The Technological Imagination of Public Media." Stream: Interdisciplinary Journal of Communication 6, no. 1 (July 12, 2014): 12–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21810/strm.v6i1.84.
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Although it has been nearly four decades since Raymond Williams’ book Television: technology and cultural form (Williams, 2003/1975) was first published, I find it helpful to return to this seminal work with a view of reflecting on the future of public media in Canada. Television is often remembered for Williams’ critique of technological determinism in Marshall McLuhan’s theory of media. But the book should also be remembered for a number of other significant contributions, including the prescient chapter titled “Alternative technology, alternative uses?†in which Williams examined some of the innovations in broadcasting technologies being developed at the time. For Williams, these innovations represented at once a risk and an opportunity. The risk was that people in the United States and the United Kingdom who were in a position to shape the implementation of these innovations would remain complacent, allowing their deployment to be ‘sorted out as we go’ (Williams, 2003/1975, p. 140). The opportunity was that changes to broadcasting infrastructure could afford people the chance to address structural inequities and imagine alternative uses. Williams believed that the early stages in implementing new technological innovations represented an opportune moment for putting in place alternative organizational and policy arrangements for television broadcasting.
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Potter, Anna. "You've Been Pranked: Reality Tv, National Identity and the Privileged Status of Australian Children's Drama." Media International Australia 146, no. 1 (February 2013): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x1314600106.
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Australian children have always been considered a special television audience. In November 2009, Australia's public service broadcaster the ABC launched Australia's first dedicated free-to-air children's channel. Within a year of its launch, ABC3's most popular program was a local version of the transnational reality format, Prank Patrol. The popularity of reality television with children challenges policy settings, including the Children's Television Standards (CTS), that privilege drama in the expression of the goals of cultural nationalism. While public service broadcasting ideology is expressed and applied to Australian commercial free-to-air channels through the CTS, public service media compete with pay TV channels for the child audience using a range of genres. Thus contemporary Australian children's television is characterised by an abundance of supply, pan-platform delivery and a policy regime that has remained largely unchanged since the late 1970s.
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Abikanlu, Femi. "Transition to digital television in Nigeria: Challenges and promises." Journal of Digital Media & Policy 11, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 47–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jdmp_00011_1.
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The article examines the implementation and the challenges of the ongoing digital switchover (DSO) process in Nigeria. The critique of the neo-liberal orthodoxy presents the interplay of interests between political and corporate actors existing within the political economy of the Nigerian digital television environment. It also presents the effect of the existing complexities with the policy framework and approach to the implementation of the DSO process in Nigeria. The two qualitative research methods adopted in this study, communication policy analysis and in-depth interviews, examine the direction of policies and the individual experience of selected participants involved in the DSO process in Nigeria. Drawing on the analysis, inclusive of other factors, the study argues that the implementation of the DSO process in Nigeria has been delayed due to financial limitation, the exclusive approach to implementation and policy-burdened intervention of the Nigerian Broadcasting Commission (NBC).
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Zvozdetska, Oksana. "Controling and governance of audiovisual media services in Poland." Історико-політичні проблеми сучасного світу, no. 33-34 (August 25, 2017): 213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/mhpi2016.33-34.213-221.
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The paper attempts to outline the Polish National Broadcasting Council’s establishing and evaluating its activities. The author observes that after 1989, one of the most essential achievements of the Polish media market was the creation of the National Broadcasting Council (Krajowa Rada Radiofonii i Telewizji KRRiT), that laid the foundations for a new media landscape in Poland. In a broader perspective, despite being criticized, the National Broadcasting Council is to meet high expectations for the electronic media regulation, its impact on state policy in implementing cultural and educational tasks by the Polish community broadcasters. Concurrently, making mistakes and handling criticism was partly caused by the Council politicization bias, a large executive subordination that doesn’t comply both with the Law “On Television and Radio Broadcasting” and European practice. Notable, the success of community broadcasters, who value interaction with viewers and listeners, should be a model for audiovisual sector to emulate.
Keywords: Mass Media, the National Broadcasting Council, Advisory Council, audiovisual sector
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Ramsey, Phil, and Christian Herzog. "The end of the television licence fee? Applying the German household levy model to the United Kingdom." European Journal of Communication 33, no. 4 (May 27, 2018): 430–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267323118775300.
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While the United Kingdom (UK) government has renewed the BBC Royal Charter until 2027 and confirmed that the television licence fee will last for this period, a medium-term shift from the television licence fee to a household levy is still a policy option. Drawing on the German experience, we discuss the probable difficulties, possible benefits and the overall implications of such a shift in the UK. The article employs a comparative media policy analysis. After a brief history of public service broadcasting funding in the UK, we provide an outline of the recent German public service media funding reform. We point out the difficulties from the German model to predict the future total revenues and elaborate on the suitability of it in the UK context, contrasting the possibilities of policy transfer and policy failure.
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Stollfuß, Sven. "German Public Television, Social Media and Audience Engagement." Public Service Broadcasting in the Digital Age 8, no. 16 (December 19, 2019): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18146/2213-0969.2019.jethc178.
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This article discusses how social media affect German public service broadcasting (PSB) in terms of PSB’s efforts to reach younger audiences in the digital age. Since social media play a significant role for younger media users, German PSB is attempting to integrate social media into television (commonly referred to as social TV). Social TV has the ability to develop into fairly integrated multiplatform application systems that are driven by the logic of social media. One example is the content network funk, launched by ARD and ZDF in 2016. The content network’s shows demonstrate a changed television-audience relationship within the social media environment. I will analyze this changed television-audience relationship in terms of the way it addresses audience engagement due to its policy of participation.
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Chobanyan, Karine. "Trupization of American Television Journalism." Theoretical and Practical Issues of Journalism 8, no. 4 (October 26, 2019): 719–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2308-6203.2019.8(4).719-734.
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Since of Donald Trump was elected President of the US, American journalism in general and TV journalists in particular has been going through transformations in genres, topics, variety of linguistic means and general content strategy. The article is an attempt to determine the most significant changes in the news broadcast. Using the information content of CNN as the main detractor of Trump’s media policy, the author analyzes and describes the new trends in the broadcasting policy. These include a significant reduction in the number of news items per news bulletin, attractivation of panel discussions, dominance of political topics and Donald Trump himself as the main news maker, negative evaluation in the frontmen’s language, journalists’ switch-over from observing to criticizing and assessing, changes in the president’s image and in the concept of D. Trump in American mass media, and the emergence and development of a new “White House chaos” concept. The article shows the dynamics in the main CNN’s structural indicators, such as genres ratio, thematic preferences, linguistic components, over the past five years. The author infers that the adversarial relationship between the president and TV journalists results in overall decreased taping content quality and lower professional standards for frontment and news channel correspondents. In this relation, lack of objectivity, biased discussions and prevalence of negative evaluation are of particular concern. The research was carried out in the second half of 2018, a case study of CNN newscasts of 2017 and 2018.
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Genders, Amy. "An Invisible Nation? The BBC and English-language Arts Television in Wales." Journal of British Cinema and Television 16, no. 4 (October 2019): 409–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jbctv.2019.0492.
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The history of the BBC's regional programming is one of perennial tension between representing and reflecting the diversity of the UK's nations and regions and what is often perceived as an unrelenting ‘metropolitan centricity’. Through charting the mixed fortunes of English-language arts television for and about Wales, this article examines how the narrow range of cultural representation available on BBC television is situated within a public service broadcasting strategy that continues to regard regional arts as inherently ‘provincial’ and as such, inferior to that of London. The data and analysis presented derives from a broader study based on 21 qualitative interviews conducted with key figures directly involved in the production and commissioning of arts content across the BBC's television, radio and online services. The accounts provided by these interviewees are also contextualised by analysis of broadcasting policy and internal BBC documents, including annual yearbooks and reports. The article concludes by arguing that if the BBC is to reflect more adequately the true diversity of the UK's nations and regions and the distinct arts and cultures constituted within them, it must start by devolving its commissioning powers more equally. Rather than merely shifting centralisation from London to allocated ‘centres of excellence’ such as Scotland in the case of arts broadcasting, an effective public service arts proposition should strive to give greater autonomy and agency to the nations and regions so that they might build their arts strategies in their own image as opposed to that of the capital.
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Azwardi, Azwardi. "Implikasi Undang-Undang Penyiaran Terhadap Pertumbuhan Lembaga Penyiaran di Propinsi Kepulauan Riau." Journal of Law and Policy Transformation 5, no. 1 (June 26, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.37253/jlpt.v5i1.810.
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The growth of broadcasting stations (LP) studied in this thesis is the growth of existing station in Riau Islands Province (Kepri) after officially established of Law Republic of Indonesia Number 32 of 2002 concerning Broadcasting, which in the broadcast legislation looks more leads to liberalism is loaded with privatization that provides opportunities for offenders efforts to expand its business in the broadcasting industry, including in the Kepri. Legal theories used by researchers is a critical legal theory and legal theory flow Critical Legal studies(CLS). This study was conducted to showed that law Broadcasting Act, Article 13 paragraph (1) and (2) has been split into Public Broadcasting Stations (LPP), Private Broadcasting Stations (LPS), Community Broadcasting Stations (LPK) and Subscription Broadcasting Station (LPB). Base to The Indonesian Broadcasting Commission (KPI) of Kepri, the numbers of broadcasting stations listed till 2014 (television and radio services) is 0 LPP, 55 LPS, 23 LPB and 2 LPK. Of these known 69% of the total number of LP in Kepri is LPS. According to critical theory, democracy has influenced the policy direction of the holders of power (broadcasting law) to the interests of capital, and this is in line with the flow of Critical Legal Studies, which states that all regulations set by the government is closely linked to the ideology espoused by the government, so this theory argues that the legal and political (broadcasting legislation) are not in the neutral position. For the current broadcasters to benefit from more focused on improving the public thinks.
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Psychogiopoulou, Evangelia, and Anna Kandyla. "Media policy-making in Greece: Lessons from digital terrestrial television and the restructuring of public service broadcasting." International Journal of Media & Cultural Politics 9, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 133–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/macp.9.2.133_1.
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Yefanov, Aleksandr A., and Nailya E. Efendieva. "Formation of international broadcasting in Russia and abroad: historical-genetic and comparative analysis." RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism 25, no. 4 (December 15, 2020): 746–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-9220-2020-25-4-746-755.
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The article provides a historical-genetic and comparative analysis of foreign broadcasting. In the chronotopic aspect the advanced experience of foreign countries (Germany, England, France, USA) is compared with the peculiarities of the formation of foreign broadcasting in Russia. The main stages of the development of foreign broadcasting are highlighted. The dominant media communication channels through which foreign broadcasting activities are carried out are determined. Based on the results of the study, the conclusion is made that at the first stage of its development, foreign broadcasting was not an instrument of foreign policy and rather contributed to the cultural enrichment and support of its compatriots in other countries. However, wartime predetermined the future tonality of foreign broadcasting - a propaganda focus. During the Second World War, foreign broadcasting was used in many countries to discredit the enemy, as well as to motivate the military and the population in the rear. During the Cold War, foreign broadcasting strengthened its propaganda purpose, continuing to implement in its discourse defamatory strategies against competitors and adversaries, against the background of which a new concept of information war was formed. In general, foreign broadcasting as a discourse strategy is mainly used in the course of geopolitical conflicts, both open and latent. In the process of evolution of media communications, an intensification of the struggle for influence on the external audience was observed, which was most clearly manifested as a result of the implementation of foreign broadcasting in the field of television, based on the audiovisual capabilities of this type of media. In the 21st century, the information struggle for the interpretation of reality and, as a consequence, the construction of public opinion on a global scale began to take place in the field of the Internet, where foreign broadcasting has acquired a global character.
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Jõesaar, Andres. "The Winding Road on the Media Landscape." VIEW Journal of European Television History and Culture 6, no. 11 (September 22, 2017): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.18146/2213-0969.2017.jethc128.
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This article aims to explore the ways in which Estonian broadcasting (with a focus on television) tackled the challenges of transforming from a monopolistic party propaganda machine into a modern dual media system in which public service broadcasting and newly created private enterprises coexist; and how this process evolved in a small post-communist country. This article argues that the Estonian government’s ‘idealisation’ of market forces supported by the European Union media policy, which is driven by common market ideology, did not take into account the market’s limitations and media companies’ actual capability to provide a large range of media services. The research methodology is based on an analysis of EU media policy documents, Estonian media legislation, the protocols of the Cultural Affairs Committee of the Parliament of Estonia, protocols of the broadcasters’ licensing committee at the Ministry of Culture and the broadcasters’ annual reports from the period 1992 - 2015. The article analyses the key trends in Estonian media development and policymaking during the last 25 years.
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Bock, Gabriele, and Siegfried Zielinski. "Britain's Channel 4: A TV Provider Caught Between Private Sector Funding and Its Cultural Mission." Journal of British Cinema and Television 11, no. 4 (October 2014): 418–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jbctv.2014.0227.
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This article, which first appeared in Media Perspektiven 1 (1987), is published here for the first time in English. It offers an enlightening contemporary perspective, from the then German Federal Republic, on the innovation in European broadcasting which Channel 4 represented. It outlines the policy context which gave rise to the UK's fourth television channel and describes its unique, hybrid character as a commercial station funded by advertising revenue with a public service remit. It assesses the strengths and weaknesses of Channel 4's commissioning structure and identifies significant examples of its innovative programming, paying particular attention to its support for independent film. That emphasis is noteworthy since it was West German television's film-funding mechanism that provided the model on which Film on Four was based. The article recognises Channel 4's commitment to catering for minority audiences, to enabling broader access to programme-making and to commissioning work that was experimental in form and content. It is generous in suggesting that such a risk-taking cultural enterprise was only possible within the UK's mature and highly developed broadcasting ecology, but it remains cautious (perhaps presciently) of its sustainability in the expanding commercial marketplace of multi-channel television.
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Belhiah, Hassan, Mohamed Majdoubi, and Mouna Safwate. "Language revitalization through the media: A case study of Amazigh in Morocco." International Journal of the Sociology of Language 2020, no. 266 (November 26, 2020): 121–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijsl-2020-2114.
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AbstractGiven the pivotal role mass media play in effecting political and social change, they can also contribute to the revitalization of an endangered or minoritized language if language policies are effectively implemented. Drawing on official documents regarding Amazigh broadcasting on Moroccan public television and interviews with Amazigh experts and media practitioners, this study scrutinizes the efforts exerted to revitalize Amazigh, the language of pre-Arab populations in North Africa. The results of the study indicate that while the status of Amazigh has changed drastically in the last two decades, its dissemination in public television is hampered by political, economic, and logistic forces. The study has implications for the areas of language revitalization, language shift reversal, language policy, and language planning.
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Wulandari, Nurul Adji Dwi. "LEMBAGA PENYIARAN PUBLIK INDONESIA DALAM PERSIMPANGAN IDEALISME VS EKONOMI POLITIK MEDIA." Interaksi: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi 5, no. 1 (March 29, 2017): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/interaksi.5.1.78-89.
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AbstractTVRI status changing into public service broadcasting, both for its central broadcast station and its local broadcast station in 2003 brought many significant changes in these oldest television broadcast station in Indonesia. One of the most significant changes that can be traced is on its funding system. As a public service broadcasting, TVRI was guaranted to obtain the operational fund through the state or regional budget funding mechanisme. The government also promised that TVRI will be given oppportunity to operate like private broadcast station in order to gain maximal profit which has stated through government regulations and broadcasting acts. Inevitably consequent of this funding practice system, has put TVRI to always depend on goverment in order to operate daily. In the other hand, this funding system also will make TVRI gain a lot of profit and income commercially. These mixed funding systems indicate that there are political economy interest behind the new status that has been granted for TVRI. The problem is located on the practice of this kind model of funding on a public service broadcasting that will make the neutrality and independency of this public service broadcasting to be questioned. The remaining quetions, Will TVRI come to its own realazation to visualize its idealism to be the true public service broadcasting that serves public needs or will TVRI be crushed by the economy politic media policy and serve those who has a power that control the media Keywords: media, public service broadcasting, economy politic media, broadcast act
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Davis, Charles, and Emilia Zboralska. "Transnational over-the-top media distribution as a business and policy disruptor: The case of Netflix in Canada." Journal of Media Innovations 4, no. 1 (January 12, 2017): 4–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5617/jmi.v4i1.2423.
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Digital disruption is often characterized as the conflict between the exponential rate of change in technology, and the slower-paced, incremental rate of change in law, economy, policy, and society writ-large (Franklin, 2012). The rapid encroachment of over-the-top (OTT) content distribution raises policy issues concerning jurisdiction, access, pricing, consolidation of ownership, and source diversity (Holt, 2014), while undermining many of the traditional policy instruments. In this paper, we analyze Netflix’s strategic expansion and meteoric growth in Canada, and focus on a landmark event in Canadian broadcasting policymaking: the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission’s (CRTC) “Let’s Talk TV” hearings of 2013-2014. Through an examination of public documents, we analyze the ways Netflix is considered an opportunity, ally, or a threat by consumers, broadcasters, independent producers, and governments. We show that in a reprioritization of values, many of the principles that motivated legacy broadcasting policy are being sidelined by a consumerist approach that gives freer rein to streamed services. However, Netflix’s refusal to provide the Commission with information it was ordered to produce suggests the most serious disruption is to the notion that online video distribution can or should be regulated in the public interest.
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García-Matilla, Agustín. "About a television for the education in tuning multimedia." Comunicar 13, no. 25 (October 1, 2005): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3916/c25-2005-005.
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In 2005, the current socialist government has set out to undertake the greatest update in broadcasting policy since 1956, the moment in which television was born in Spain. This transformation is related to the quick digital reconversion that television has suffered in the latest years. Despite the changes in the law and some reasons to be optimistic about technological development in a recent future the television of the 21st century can not do without being profitable in a social, cultural and educative sense. This is a challenge which many countries have not faced yet and Spain is among these countries. Some models of public television in the world have consolidated proposals of broadcasting contents that make a priority out of the cultural and educative role of television. España inició el siglo XXI con un sistema televisivo sometido a una evidente dispersión legislativa, denunciado por infinidad de instancias por la baja calidad de los contenidos ofrecidos por las diversas ofertas televisivas, una televisión pública exageradamente endeudada y que relegaba los objetivos de servicio público a un papel secundario frente a la utilización partidista de los espacios informativos y un irregular desarrollo de las ofertas de televisión de pago. En 2005, el gobierno socialista ha asumido la mayor actualización legislativa coordinada en materia audiovisual. Han pasado casi 50 años desde el inicio de las emisiones televisivas. Este cambio no afecta sólo al ámbito de la televisión pública sino que además lleva aparejada una transformación global del marco de leyes que contribuirá al desarrollo de la radiotelevisión digital que se impondrá tras el apagón analógico previsto para 2010. Los cambios se ven guiados por la convergencia tecnológica y también por la imperiosa necesidad de atajar ese gran lastre que ha significado tener que pensar hasta hace poco tiempo en una radiotelevisión del pasado. La televisión que ya deberíamos estar viviendo en presente continuo debe concebirse desde las potencialidades que abre la transformación digital y el desarrollo de estrategias multimedia.
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Yuniarti, Diah, and Sri Ariyanti. "Towards Indonesia’s integrated broadcast-broadband implementation policy: A comparative analysis of Singapore, Japan and Malaysia." Journal of Digital Media & Policy 00, no. 00 (February 18, 2021): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jdmp_00041_1.
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This study aims to provide recommendations to the government on regulating licence, content and data privacy and protection for integrated broadcast-broadband (IBB) operations in Indonesia, by referencing Singapore, Japan and Malaysia as case studies, considering the need for umbrella regulations for IBB implementation. Singapore and Japan were chosen as countries that have deployed IBB since they have been using hybrid broadcast broadband television (HbbTV) and Hybridcast standards, respectively. Malaysia was chosen because it is a neighbouring country that has conducted trials of the IBB service, bundled with its digital terrestrial television (DTT) service. The qualitative data are analysed using a comparative method. The results show that Indonesia needs to immediately revise its existing Broadcasting Law to accommodate DTT implementation, which is the basis for IBB and the expansion of the broadcaster’s TV business. Learning from Singapore, Indonesia could include over-the-top (OTT) content in its ‘Broadcast Behaviour Guidelines’ and ‘Broadcast Programme Standards’. Data privacy and protection requirements for each entity involved in the IBB ecosystem are necessary due to the vulnerability of IBB service user data leakage. In light of this, the ratification of the personal data protection law, as a legal umbrella, needs to be accelerated.