Academic literature on the topic 'Telomere Length Protection'

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Journal articles on the topic "Telomere Length Protection"

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Smogorzewska, Agata, Bas van Steensel, Alessandro Bianchi, et al. "Control of Human Telomere Length by TRF1 and TRF2." Molecular and Cellular Biology 20, no. 5 (2000): 1659–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.20.5.1659-1668.2000.

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ABSTRACT Telomere length in human cells is controlled by a homeostasis mechanism that involves telomerase and the negative regulator of telomere length, TRF1 (TTAGGG repeat binding factor 1). Here we report that TRF2, a TRF1-related protein previously implicated in protection of chromosome ends, is a second negative regulator of telomere length. Overexpression of TRF2 results in the progressive shortening of telomere length, similar to the phenotype observed with TRF1. However, while induction of TRF1 could be maintained over more than 300 population doublings and resulted in stable, short tel
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Mattern, Karin A., Susan J. J. Swiggers, Alex L. Nigg, Bob Löwenberg, Adriaan B. Houtsmuller, and J. Mark J. M. Zijlmans. "Dynamics of Protein Binding to Telomeres in Living Cells: Implications for Telomere Structure and Function." Molecular and Cellular Biology 24, no. 12 (2004): 5587–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.24.12.5587-5594.2004.

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ABSTRACT Telomeric proteins have an essential role in the regulation of the length of the telomeric DNA tract and in protection against end-to-end chromosome fusion. Telomere organization and how individual proteins are involved in different telomere functions in living cells is largely unknown. By using green fluorescent protein tagging and photobleaching, we investigated in vivo interactions of human telomeric DNA-binding proteins with telomeric DNA. Our results show that telomeric proteins interact with telomeres in a complex dynamic fashion: TRF2, which has a dual role in chromosome end pr
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Bunch, Jeremy T., Nancy S. Bae, Jessica Leonardi, and Peter Baumann. "Distinct Requirements for Pot1 in Limiting Telomere Length and Maintaining Chromosome Stability." Molecular and Cellular Biology 25, no. 13 (2005): 5567–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.25.13.5567-5578.2005.

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ABSTRACT The fission yeast Pot1 (protection of telomeres) protein binds to the single-stranded extensions at the ends of telomeres, where its presence is critical for the maintenance of linear chromosomes. Homologs of Pot1 have been identified in a wide variety of eukaryotes, including plants, animals, and humans. We now show that Pot1 plays dual roles in telomere length regulation and chromosome end protection. Using a series of Pot1 truncation mutants, we have defined distinct areas of the protein required for chromosome stability and for limiting access to telomere ends by telomerase. We pr
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Donate, Luis E., and Maria A. Blasco. "Telomeres in cancer and ageing." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 366, no. 1561 (2011): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2010.0291.

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Telomeres protect the chromosome ends from unscheduled DNA repair and degradation. Telomeres are heterochromatic domains composed of repetitive DNA (TTAGGG repeats) bound to an array of specialized proteins. The length of telomere repeats and the integrity of telomere-binding proteins are both important for telomere protection. Furthermore, telomere length and integrity are regulated by a number of epigenetic modifications, thus pointing to higher order control of telomere function. In this regard, we have recently discovered that telomeres are transcribed generating long, non-coding RNAs, whi
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Hsu, Joseph K., Tao Lin, and Robert Y. L. Tsai. "Nucleostemin prevents telomere damage by promoting PML-IV recruitment to SUMOylated TRF1." Journal of Cell Biology 197, no. 5 (2012): 613–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201109038.

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Continuously dividing cells must be protected from telomeric and nontelomeric DNA damage in order to maintain their proliferative potential. Here, we report a novel telomere-protecting mechanism regulated by nucleostemin (NS). NS depletion increased the number of telomere damage foci in both telomerase-active (TA+) and alternative lengthening of telomere (ALT) cells and decreased the percentage of damaged telomeres associated with ALT-associated PML bodies (APB) and the number of APB in ALT cells. Mechanistically, NS could promote the recruitment of PML-IV to SUMOylated TRF1 in TA+ and ALT cel
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Fernandes, Stina George, Rebecca Dsouza, Gouri Pandya, et al. "Role of Telomeres and Telomeric Proteins in Human Malignancies and Their Therapeutic Potential." Cancers 12, no. 7 (2020): 1901. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12071901.

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Telomeres are the ends of linear chromosomes comprised of repetitive nucleotide sequences in humans. Telomeres preserve chromosomal stability and genomic integrity. Telomere length shortens with every cell division in somatic cells, eventually resulting in replicative senescence once telomere length becomes critically short. Telomere shortening can be overcome by telomerase enzyme activity that is undetectable in somatic cells, while being active in germline cells, stem cells, and immune cells. Telomeres are bound by a shelterin complex that regulates telomere lengthening as well as protects t
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Kelleher, Colleen, Isabel Kurth, and Joachim Lingner. "Human Protection of Telomeres 1 (POT1) Is a Negative Regulator of Telomerase Activity In Vitro." Molecular and Cellular Biology 25, no. 2 (2005): 808–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.25.2.808-818.2005.

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ABSTRACT The telomeric single-strand DNA binding protein protection of telomeres 1 (POT1) protects telomeres from rapid degradation in Schizosaccharomyces pombe and has been implicated in positive and negative telomere length regulation in humans. Human POT1 appears to interact with telomeres both through direct binding to the 3′ overhanging G-strand DNA and through interaction with the TRF1 duplex telomere DNA binding complex. The influence of POT1 on telomerase activity has not been studied at the molecular level. We show here that POT1 negatively effects telomerase activity in vitro. We fin
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Caslini, Corrado, and Amparo Serna. "Telomere Transcription in MLL-Rearranged Leukemia Cell Lines: Increased Levels of TERRA Associate with Lymphoid Lineage and Are Independent of Telomere Length and Ploidy." Biomedicines 11, no. 3 (2023): 925. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11030925.

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Telomere transcription into telomeric repeat-containing RNA (TERRA) is an integral component of all aspects of chromosome end protection consisting of telomerase- or recombination-dependent telomere elongation, telomere capping, and the preservation of the (sub)telomeric heterochromatin structure. The chromatin modifier and transcriptional regulator MLL binds to telomeres and regulates TERRA transcription in telomere length homeostasis and response to telomere dysfunction. MLL fusion proteins (MLL-FPs), the product of MLL rearrangements in leukemia, also bind to telomeric chromatin. However, a
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Fan, Hueng-Chuen, Fung-Wei Chang, Jeng-Dau Tsai, et al. "Telomeres and Cancer." Life 11, no. 12 (2021): 1405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11121405.

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Telomeres cap the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes and are indispensable chromatin structures for genome protection and replication. Telomere length maintenance has been attributed to several functional modulators, including telomerase, the shelterin complex, and the CST complex, synergizing with DNA replication, repair, and the RNA metabolism pathway components. As dysfunctional telomere maintenance and telomerase activation are associated with several human diseases, including cancer, the molecular mechanisms behind telomere length regulation and protection need particular emphasis. Cancer cel
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Kalmykova, Alla. "Telomere Checkpoint in Development and Aging." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 21 (2023): 15979. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms242115979.

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The maintenance of genome integrity through generations is largely determined by the stability of telomeres. Increasing evidence suggests that telomere dysfunction may trigger changes in cell fate, independently of telomere length. Telomeric multiple tandem repeats are potentially highly recombinogenic. Heterochromatin formation, transcriptional repression, the suppression of homologous recombination and chromosome end protection are all required for telomere stability. Genetic and epigenetic defects affecting telomere homeostasis may cause length-independent internal telomeric DNA damage. Gro
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Telomere Length Protection"

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Sosnowski, David. "Protective Factors in the Association Between Child Sexual Abuse and Telomere Length in Adults." VCU Scholars Compass, 2017. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4860.

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The purpose of the present study was to examine if childhood sexual abuse (CSA) was associated with decreases in mean telomere length (TL), and if social support and/or optimism moderated this association. The study included 99 Caucasian female monozygotic twins, ranging in age from 19-48 (Mage = 30.5, SD = 7.8) at Time 1. Linear mixed effects models were employed to test study hypotheses. Analyses with all participants did not detect an effect of CSA exposure or severity on mean TL, nor were there effects with optimism. However, in analyses that only included women exposed to abuse, increases
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Song, Xiangyu. "Telomere Protection and Maintenance in Arabidopsis thaliana." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-05-7815.

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Telomeres are the physical ends of linear chromosomes in eukaryotes. Telomeres not only protect chromosome ends from being recognized as double-strand breaks but also maintain the chromosome terminal sequences. These processes involve a number of telomere-related proteins. A major challenge in the field is to elucidate the full constitution of telomere-associated proteins and to understand how different protein complexes are regulated at chromosome termini. Here, I report the identification and characterization of STN1 (Suppressor of cdc thirteen, 1), CTC1 (Conserved Telomere maintenance Compo
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Barrientos, Katharine Specchio. "Distinct Functions of POT1 in Telomere Protection and Length Regulation." Diss., 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/932.

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<p>Telomeres are DNA-protein structures that protect eukaryotic chromosome ends from illegitimate recombination and degradation. Telomeres become shortened with each cell division unless telomerase, a reverse transcriptase, is activated. In addition to playing a protective role of chromosome ends, telomeres and telomere binding proteins are also essential for regulating telomere length and telomerase access. The mammalian protein POT1 binds to telomeric single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), protecting chromosome ends from being detected as sites of DNA damage and negatively regulating telomere length.
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Conference papers on the topic "Telomere Length Protection"

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Sannikova, A. V., M. R. Sharipova, E. V. Shakirov, and L. R. Valeeva. "THE ROLE OF TRFL PROTEINS IN THE REGULATION OF TELOMERE LENGTH MARCHANTIA POLYMORPHA." In X Международная конференция молодых ученых: биоинформатиков, биотехнологов, биофизиков, вирусологов и молекулярных биологов — 2023. Novosibirsk State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/978-5-4437-1526-1-368.

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Telomeres are nucleoprotein structures, involved in protection of the physical ends of eukaryotic chromosomes. A decisive role in maintaining telomere stability is played by specific proteins telomere complex are TRF proteins. Here, we have shown the intraspecific variability of telomere length and the involvement of TRFL protein in telolere length maintanance in a liverwort M. polymorpha as a new model plant for telomere biology studies.
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