Journal articles on the topic 'Telugu Translations'

Bilingual lexicon induction is the task of inducing word translations from monolingual corpora in two languages. In this article we present the most comprehensive analysis of bilingual lexicon induction to date. We present experiments on a wide range of languages and data sizes. We examine translation into English from 25 foreign languages: Albanian, Azeri, Bengali, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Cebuano, Gujarati, Hindi, Hungarian, Indonesian, Latvian, Nepali, Romanian, Serbian, Slovak, Somali, Spanish, Swedish, Tamil, Telugu, Turkish, Ukrainian, Uzbek, Vietnamese, and Welsh. We analyze the behavior of bilingual lexicon induction on low-frequency words, rather than testing solely on high-frequency words, as previous research has done. Low-frequency words are more relevant to statistical machine translation, where systems typically lack translations of rare words that fall outside of their training data. We systematically explore a wide range of features and phenomena that affect the quality of the translations discovered by bilingual lexicon induction. We provide illustrative examples of the highest ranking translations for orthogonal signals of translation equivalence like contextual similarity and temporal similarity. We analyze the effects of frequency and burstiness, and the sizes of the seed bilingual dictionaries and the monolingual training corpora. Additionally, we introduce a novel discriminative approach to bilingual lexicon induction. Our discriminative model is capable of combining a wide variety of features that individually provide only weak indications of translation equivalence. When feature weights are discriminatively set, these signals produce dramatically higher translation quality than previous approaches that combined signals in an unsupervised fashion (e.g., using minimum reciprocal rank). We also directly compare our model's performance against a sophisticated generative approach, the matching canonical correlation analysis (MCCA) algorithm used by Haghighi et al. ( 2008 ). Our algorithm achieves an accuracy of 42% versus MCCA's 15%.

17032 Background: Translation of Patient Reported Outcomes measures is an essential component of research methodology in preparation for multinational clinical trials. One such measure is the FACT-Neurotoxicity Subscale (FACT-Ntx) which is aimed at the evaluation of quality of life of cancer patients suffering from neurotoxicity, a side effect of certain treatments. Methods: This study set out to linguistically validate the FACT-Ntx for use in Denmark, India, Lithuania and S. Africa. The sample consisted of 176 patients (96 males & 80 females), with varying cancer diagnoses and a mean age of 51 years, speaking 11 languages: Afrikaans (15), Danish (25), Gujarati (15), Hindi (15), Kannada (15), Lithuanian (15), Malayalam (15), Marathi (15), Punjabi (15), Tamil (15) and Telugu (16). The FACT-Ntx was translated using standard FACIT methodology. Patients diagnosed with cancer, at any stage, receiving any treatment experiencing neurotoxicity completed the respective translated version and participated in cognitive debriefing interviews to give their opinion on any problems with the translations or the content of the FACT-Ntx. Statistical analyses (descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA and reliability analyses) were performed on the quantitative data. Participant comments were analyzed qualitatively. Results: The FACT-Ntx translations showed good reliability and linguistic validity. The internal consistency of all languages combined was .86. All items correlated at an acceptable level. The Ntx score differed across self-reported Performance Status Rating (PSR) groups (nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test p<.0001). A nonparametric Generalized Linear Model (GLM) approach (with multiple comparison adjusted significance level 0.017) showed a difference between ‘PSR=0’ and ‘PSR=1’ (p=0.0002) and a difference between ‘PSR=0’ and ‘PSR=2’ (p<.0001), both with ‘PSR=0’ patients reporting less neurotoxicity. Conclusions: The FACT-Ntx has shown acceptable reliability and linguistic validity in 11 languages. The instrument has also shown adequate sensitivity in differentiating patients with no symptoms and normal activity from patients reporting some symptoms. We consider these translations acceptable for use in international research and clinical trials. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

<span id="docs-internal-guid-5b69f940-7fff-f443-1f09-a00e5e983714"><span>In cross-language information retrieval (CLIR), the neural machine translation (NMT) plays a vital role. CLIR retrieves the information written in a language which is different from the user's query language. In CLIR, the main concern is to translate the user query from the source language to the target language. NMT is useful for translating the data from one language to another. NMT has better accuracy for different languages like English to German and so-on. In this paper, NMT has applied for translating English to Indian languages, especially for Telugu. Besides NMT, an effort is also made to improve accuracy by applying effective preprocessing mechanism. The role of effective preprocessing in improving accuracy will be less but countable. Machine translation (MT) is a data-driven approach where parallel corpus will act as input in MT. NMT requires a massive amount of parallel corpus for performing the translation. Building an English - Telugu parallel corpus is costly because they are resource-poor languages. Different mechanisms are available for preparing the parallel corpus. The major issue in preparing parallel corpus is data replication that is handled during preprocessing. The other issue in machine translation is the out-of-vocabulary (OOV) problem. Earlier dictionaries are used to handle OOV problems. To overcome this problem the rare words are segmented into sequences of subwords during preprocessing. The parameters like accuracy, perplexity, cross-entropy and BLEU scores shows better translation quality for NMT with effective preprocessing.</span></span>

Aim: Text classification is a method to classify the features from language translation in speech recognition from English to Telugu using a recurrent neural network- long short term memory (RNN-LSTM) comparison with convolutional neural network (CNN). Materials and Methods: Accuracy and precision are performed with dataset alexa and english-telugu of size 8166 sentences. Classification of language translation is performed by the recurrent neural network where a number of the samples (N=62) and convolutional neural network were a number of samples (N=62) techniques, the algorithm RNN implies speech recognition that can be compared with convolutional is the second technique. Results and Discussion: RNN-LSTM from the dataset speech recognition, feature Telugu_id produce accuracy 93% and precision 68.04% which can be comparatively higher than CNN accuracy 66.11%, precision 61.90%. It shows a statistical significance as 0.007 from Independent Sample T-test. Conclusion: The RNN-LSTM performs better in finding accuracy and precision when compared to CNN.

Abstract Building an automatic, high-quality, robust machine translation (MT) system is a fascinating yet an arduous task, as one of the major difficulties lies in cross-linguistic differences or divergences between languages at various levels. The existence of translation divergence precludes straightforward mapping in the MT system. An increase in the number of divergences also increases the complexity, especially in linguistically motivated transfer-based MT systems. This paper discusses the development of Telugu-Tamil transfer-based MT and how a divergence index (DI) is built to quantify the number of parametric variations between languages in order to improve the success rate of MT. The DI facilitates MT in proposing where to put efforts for the given language pair to attain better and faster results. In addition, handling strategies of different types of divergences in a transfer-based approach to MT are discussed. The paper also includes the evaluation method and how an improvization takes place with the application of DI in MT.

Corpus based natural language processing has emerged with great success in recent years. It is not only used for languages like English, French, Spanish, and Hindi but also is widely used for languages like Tamil, Telugu etc. This paper focuses to increase the accuracy of machine translation from Hindi to Tamil by considering the word's sense as well as its part-of-speech. This system works on word by word translation from Hindi to Tamil language which makes use of additional information such as the preceding words, the current word's part of speech and the word's sense itself. For such a translation system, the frequency of words occurring in the corpus, the tagging of the input words and the probability of the preceding word of the tagged words are required. Wordnet is used to identify various synonym for the words specified in the source language. Among these words, the one which is more relevant to the word specified in source language is considered for the translation to target language. The introduction of the additional information such as part-of-speech tag, preceding word information and semantic analysis has greatly improved the accuracy of the system.

"Our message is – dare I say – crystal clear," observed UNESCO Director-General Irina Bokova in her opening remarks at UNESCO headquarters in Paris on 20 January 2014. At exactly the same time some 6480.2 miles away in a school at Hyderabad, India echoed a message "Now I know Dorothy" this was an excited exclamation from hundreds of high school children. The occasion was an IYCr2014 outreach programme motivated and supported by the President of the International Union of Crystallography (IUCr) Professor Gautam R. Desiraju. The occasion was an IYCr2014 outreach programme that matched IYCr2014 goals and objectives. The project next moved to smaller places. To make IYCr2014 relevant specifically to young students in villages and small towns, it was thought that the student audience must be comprised from non-English medium schools. This prompted translating "Crystallography Matters!" from English to a widely spoken (60 million) South Indian language called Telugu. the next step was to prepare power point presentations in Telugu, prepare crystallography related simple multiple choice questions, quiz papers, buy chocolates to represent crystallization process in making chocolates, sugar candy (Kalkand) to show them real crystals so that students connect to the subject with ease. Then travel to schools and start with an introduction to what and why is IYCr, demonstrate uses of crystals with examples, tell them why we cannot use microscope to "see" the inside of crystals, lecture, demo interactive sessions and so on .The presentation involved introducing science behind crystallography, explaining how to grow crystals, relevance to everyday life with references to NaCl and other medical uses. Sessions end with taking questions, ask mass questions like who is Dorothy, poster readings, who is Bragg, valuations of quiz papers and distribution of prizes, chocolates and sugar candy. Finally Crystallography Matters! books are given to the students and copies to school libraries.

This research was conducted with the aim of describing the functions of legend of lake sarangan stories in Sarangan Village, Kec. Plaosan Kab. East Java Magetan. This research includes qualitative research based on naturalistic approaches. The research data is based on the results of interviews with informants. Data is collected by observation, recording, interviewing and recording methods. Data analysis was carried out in five stages, namely (1) transcribing oral data in written form, (2) summarizing and translating, (3) interpreting. Analysis of the data used in this study is content analysis techniques (conten analysis). The content analysis technique is used in analyzing the function of folklore in the Sarangan lake. The results of the study show that there are functions that include (1) entertainment, (2) institutions of cultural institutions, (3) education, (4) social order, (5) group solidarity, (6) social criticism, (7) pleasant divorce from reality, and (8) potential weapons in society.

Script identification is an appealing research interest in the field of document image analysis during the last few decades. The accurate recognition of the script is paramount to many post-processing steps such as automated document sorting, machine translation and searching of text written in a particular script in multilingual environment. For automatic processing of such documents through Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software, it is necessary to identify different script words of the documents before feeding them to the OCR of individual scripts. In this paper, a robust word-level handwritten script identification technique has been proposed using texture based features to identify the words written in any of the seven popular scripts namely, Bangla, Devanagari, Gurumukhi, Malayalam, Oriya, Telugu, and Roman. The texture based features comprise of a combination of Histograms of Oriented Gradients (HOG) and Moment invariants. The technique has been tested on 7000 handwritten text words in which each script contributes 1000 words. Based on the identification accuracies and statistical significance testing of seven well-known classifiers, Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) has been chosen as the final classifier which is then tested comprehensively using different folds and with different epoch sizes. The overall accuracy of the system is found to be 94.7% using 5-fold cross validation scheme, which is quite impressive considering the complexities and shape variations of the said scripts. This is an extended version of the paper described in (Singh et al., 2014).

Accurate diagnosis of non-pregnancy and prompt re-enlistment of cattle into an appropriate breeding protocol are essential components of successful reproductive programs. The search for biochemical markers of early pregnancy has led to the characterization of the pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAG), a large family expressed exclusively in the placenta. In cattle, the PAG family is composed of at least 22 translated genes, with different spatiotemporal expression (Telugu B. et al. 2009 BMC Genomics 10, 185). The PAG may be detected in placenta and some members have been detected in serum by immunological methods (Garmo B et al. 2008 J. Dairy Sci. 91, 3025-3033). However, the lack of antibodies specific for different PAG has prevented the identification of any member of the family as being present in serum at early pregnancy and undetectable after parturition. The objective of this study was to develop a method that allows the preparation of antibodies specific for different PAG, as candidates of early pregnancy markers. The method employed was in silico analysis of the bovine PAG family members that have been reported as of early expression in placenta and in binucleated cells (which are fusion cells between maternal and embryonic tissues), searching for peptide regions that differ between them. Selected peptides were analyzed for localization in reported exposed regions, antigenicity in the protein context, lack of consensus sequences for post-translational modifications and of putative homologous peptides using the reported bovine genome, and feasibility of chemical synthesis with low rates of contamination. Chosen peptides were synthesized by a facility and coupled to rabbit albumin. Rabbits were immunized and the serum was analyzed for the presence of specific antibodies. After in silico analysis, 43 candidate peptides contained in 13 different PAG were considered suitable. Four of these were chosen for synthesis and coupled successfully to rabbit albumin. Rabbits were immunized with peptide-rabbit albumin, according to procedures used by Bioterio of Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, UNR. Analysis of the obtained serum by dot-blot showed the presence of anti-peptide antibodies only for one of the peptides. This result is in accordance with the efficiency of anti-peptide antibodies development in rabbits. In conclusion, we designed a method for selection of peptides specific for different members of the PAG family and with high chances of being exposed in the surface of the molecule, which would allow immunological detection of the native glycoprotein in cow serum. These antibodies are being used for analysis of serum from pregnant and non-pregnant cows. Fundación Nuevo Banco de Santa Fe Programa de fortalecimiento de las capacidades de investigación y desarrollo de la provincia de Santa Fe, Secretaria de Estado de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovacón, Provincia de Santa Fe.

<p>Οι περισσότεροι ερευνητές, συμφωνούν, πλέον, πως η βασική αιτία των ελλειμμάτων, που εμφανίζουν οι δυσλεκτικοί μαθητές στην κατάκτηση του γραπτού λόγου, οφείλονται στο «φωνολογικό έλλειμμα», δηλαδή στις δυσκολίες αποθήκευσης, όσο και ανάκλησης, των φωνημάτων των λέξεων. Οι δυσλεκτικοί μαθητές εμφανίζουν, επίσης, ένα γενικότερο έλλειμμα αυτοματισμού, που εκδηλώνεται ως αδυναμία γρήγορης και αυτοματοποιημένης ονομασίας των φωνημάτων, καθώς και γρήγορης και αυτοματοποιημένης γραφής τους, με τα αντίστοιχα γραπτά σύμβολα. Η σημασία της παροχής πολυαισθητηριακής διδασκαλίας σε επίπεδο γραφοφωνημικής, ορθογραφικής και μορφολογικής συνειδητοποίησης είναι αποδεδειγμένη από πολλές έρευνες στον τομέα των παρεμβάσεων για δυσλεκτικούς μαθητές.</p><p> Στην παρούσα μελέτη διερευνήθηκε η αποτελεσματικότητα της Πολυαισθητηριακής Μεθόδου Διδασκαλίας, που δημιουργήσαμε στην ελληνική γλώσσα, στην ανάπτυξη των δεξιοτήτων<strong> </strong>ορθογραφημένης γραφής στους δυσλεκτικούς μαθητές<strong>. </strong>Η πολυαισθητηριακή μέθοδος<strong> </strong>εφαρμόστηκε, εξατομικευμένα, 6 ημέρες την εβδομάδα για διάστημα τριών μηνών, σε 24 δυσλεκτικούς μαθητές δημοτικού σχολείου. Ως ομάδα έλεγχου επιλέχθηκαν 24 δυσλεκτικά παιδιά, με αντίστοιχα χαρακτηριστικά με την πειραματική ομάδα, τα όποια παρακολούθησαν αποκλειστικά το πρόγραμμα του σχολείου τους. Τα αποτελέσματα της χρήσης της Πολυαισθητηριακής Μεθόδου έδειξαν στατιστικά σημαντική βελτίωση στην ορθογραφημένη γραφή λέξεων της πειραματικής ομάδας, σε σχέση με την ομάδα έλεγχου, καθώς και στατιστικά σημαντική βελτίωση στην επίδοση της πειραματικής ομάδας, σε σχέση με την επίδοση της πριν από την εφαρμογή της μεθόδου.</p><div id="SL_balloon_obj" style="display: block;"><div id="SL_button" style="background: transparent url('chrome://imtranslator/content/img/util/imtranslator-s.png') repeat scroll 0% 0%; display: none; width: 24px; height: 24px; position: absolute; cursor: pointer; visibility: visible; opacity: 1; transition: visibility 0.1s ease 0s, opacity 0.1s linear 0s;"> </div><div id="SL_shadow_translation_result2" style="display: none; margin-top: 30px; margin-left: 1px; direction: ltr; text-align: left; min-height: 40px;"> </div><div id="SL_shadow_translator" style="display: none;"><div id="SL_providers"><div id="SL_P0" class="SL_BL_LABLE_ON" title="Google">G</div><div 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O questionário de percepção de pais e cuidadores (P-CPQ) está se tornando uma ferramenta crescente e positiva na detecção das doenças bucais pediátricas na visão de pais e cuidadores. O objetivo desta revisão foi avaliar a utilização do instrumento P-CPQ na detecção das doenças bucais infanto-juvenis que interfere significativamente na qualidade de vida. Foram realizadas pesquisas bibliográficas no banco de dados PubMed Medline correlacionando as estratégias de buscas por palavras-chaves em artigos que utilizaram o P-CPQ como instrumento da avaliação da qualidade de vida em saúde bucal. Dos 107 artigos iniciais, foram excluídos 68, totalizando a busca final de 39 artigos que foram incluídos para a leitura completa do texto. As condições investigadas na qualidade de vida na visão de pais e cuidadores são: uso de aparelhos ortodônticos; maloclusões; cárie dentária; defeitos no esmalte dental; condições periodontais; pacientes especiais e tratamentos dentário sobre anestesia geral.O instrumento P-CPQ parecer ser um indicador sensível para mensurar a qualidade de vida em saúde bucal na visão de pais e cuidadores em diversas condições de saúde bucal. Descritores: Qualidade de Vida; Criança; Cuidadores. Referências The World Health Organization Quality of Life assessment (WHOQOL): position paper from the World Health Soc Sci Med. 1995; 41(10):1403-9. Ferreira MC, Goursand D, Bendo CB, Ramos-Jorge ML, Pordeus IA, Paiva SM. Agreement between adolescents' and their mothers' reports of oral health-related quality of life. Braz Oral Res. 2012;26(2):112-8. Jokovic A, Locker D, Stephens M, Kenny D, Tompson B, Guyatt G. Measuring parental perceptions of child oral health-related quality of life. J Public Health Dent. 2003;63(2):67-72. Al-Riyami IA, Thomson WM, Al-Harthi LS. Testing the Arabic short form versions of the Parental-Caregivers Perceptions Questionnaire and the Family Impact Scale in Oman. Saudi Dent J. 2016;28(1):31-5. Antunes LA, Luiz RR, Leao AT, Maia LC. Initial assessment of responsiveness of the P-CPQ (Brazilian Version) to describe the changes in quality of life after treatment for traumatic dental injury. Dent Traumatol. 2012;28(4):256-62. Kumar S, Kroon J, Lalloo R, Johnson NW. Validity and reliability of short forms of parental-caregiver perception and family impact scale in a Telugu speaking population of India. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2016;14:34. Thomson WM, Foster Page LA, Gaynor WN, Malden PE. Short-form versions of the Parental-Caregivers Perceptions Questionnaire and the Family Impact Scale. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2013;41(5):441-50. Dimberg L, Arvidsson C, Lennartsson B, Bondemark L, Arnrup K. Agreement between children and parents in rating oral health-related quality of life using the Swedish versions of the short-form Child Perceptions Questionnaire 11-14 and Parental Perceptions Questionnaire. Acta Odontol Scand. 2019;77(7):534-40. Albites U, Abanto J, Bonecker M, Paiva SM, Aguilar-Galvez D, Castillo JL. Parental-caregiver perceptions of child oral health-related quality of life (P-CPQ): Psychometric properties for the peruvian spanish language. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2014;19(3):e220-40. Razanamihaja N, Boy-Lefevre ML, Jordan L, Tapiro L, Berdal A, de la Dure-Molla M et al. Parental-Caregivers Perceptions Questionnaire (P-CPQ): translation and evaluation of psychometric properties of the French version of the questionnaire. BMC Oral Health. 2018;18(1):211. Thomson WM, Foster Page LA, Malden PE, Gaynor WN, Nordin N. Comparison of the ECOHIS and short-form P-CPQ and FIS scales. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2014;12:36. Barbosa Tde S, Gaviao MB. Validation of the Parental-Caregiver Perceptions Questionnaire: agreement between parental and child reports. J Public Health Dent. 2015;75(4):255-64. Goursand D, Paiva SM, Zarzar PM, Pordeus IA, Grochowski R, Allison PJ. Measuring parental-caregiver perceptions of child oral health-related quality of life: psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the P-CPQ. Braz Dent J. 2009;20(2):169-74. Goursand D, Ferreira MC, Pordeus IA, Mingoti SA, Veiga RT, Paiva SM. Development of a short form of the Brazilian Parental-Caregiver Perceptions Questionnaire using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Qual Life Res. 2013;22(2):393-402. Bendo CB, Paiva SM, Viegas CM, Vale MP, Varni JW. The PedsQL Oral Health Scale: feasibility, reliability and validity of the Brazilian Portuguese version. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2012;10:42. Baghdadi ZD, Muhajarine N. Effects of dental rehabilitation under general anesthesia on children's oral-health-related quality of life: saudi arabian parents' perspectives. Dent J (Basel). 2014;3(1):1-13. Sonbol HN, Al-Bitar ZB, Shraideh AZ, Al-Omiri MK. Parental-caregiver perception of child oral-health related quality of life following zirconia crown placement and non-restoration of carious primary anterior teeth. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2018;19(1):21-8. Abanto J, Carvalho TS, Bonecker M, Ortega AO, Ciamponi AL, Raggio DP. Parental reports of the oral health-related quality of life of children with cerebral palsy. BMC Oral Health. 2012;12:15. Abanto J, Ortega AO, Raggio DP, Bonecker M, Mendes FM, Ciamponi AL. Impact of oral diseases and disorders on oral-health-related quality of life of children with cerebral palsy. Spec Care Dentist. 2014;34(2):56-63. Khoun T, Malden PE, Turton BJ. Oral health-related quality of life in young Cambodian children: a validation study with a focus on children with cleft lip and/or palate. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2018;28(3):326-34. de Souza MC, Harrison M, Marshman Z. Oral health-related quality of life following dental treatment under general anaesthesia for early childhood caries - a UK-based study. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2017;27(1):30-6. Gaynor WN, Thomson WM. Changes in young children's OHRQoL after dental treatment under general anaesthesia. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2012;22(4):258-64. Ridell K, Borgstrom M, Lager E, Magnusson G, Brogardh-Roth S, Matsson L. Oral health-related quality-of-life in Swedish children before and after dental treatment under general anesthesia. Acta odontologica Scandinavica. 2015;73(1):1-7. Ridell K, Borgström M, Lager E, Magnusson G, Brogårdh-Roth S, Matsson L. Oral health-related quality-of-life in Swedish children before and after dental treatment under general anesthesia. Acta Odontol Scand. 2015;73(1):1-7. Abreu LG, Melgaço CA, Abreu MH, Lages EM, Paiva SM. Perception of parents and caregivers regarding the impact of malocclusion on adolescents' quality of life: a cross-sectional study. Dental Press J Orthod. 2016;21(6):74-81. Abreu LG, Melgaço CA, Abreu MH, Lages EM, Paiva SM. Agreement between adolescents and parents/caregivers in rating the impact of malocclusion on adolescents' quality of life. Angle Orthod. 2015;85(5):806-11. Benson P, O'Brien C, Marshman Z. Agreement between mothers and children with malocclusion in rating children's oral health-related quality of life. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010;137(5):631-38. Abreu LG, Melgaço CA, Lages EM, Abreu MH, Paiva SM. Parents' and caregivers' perceptions of the quality of life of adolescents in the first 4 months of orthodontic treatment with a fixed appliance. J Orthod. 2014;41(3):181-87. Abreu LG, Melgaço CA, Abreu MH, Lages EM, Paiva SM. Parent-assessed quality of life among adolescents undergoing orthodontic treatment: a 12-month follow-up. Dental Press J Orthod. 2015;20(5):94-100. Jaeken K, Cadenas de Llano-Pérula M, Lemiere J, Verdonck A, Fieuws S, Willems G. Difference and relation between adolescents' and their parents or caregivers' reported oral health-related quality of life related to orthodontic treatment: a prospective cohort study. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2019;17(1):40. Dantas-Neta NB, Moura LF, Cruz PF, Moura MS, Paiva SM, Martins CC, et al. Impact of molar-incisor hypomineralization on oral health-related quality of life in schoolchildren. Braz Oral Res. 2016;30(1):e11-7. Kotecha S, Turner PJ, Dietrich T, Dhopatkar A. The impact of tooth agenesis on oral health-related quality of life in children. J Orthod. 2013;40(2):122-29. Richa YR, Puranik MP. Oral health status and parental perception of child oral health related quality-of-life of children with autism in Bangalore, India. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2014;32(2):135-39. Santos M, Nascimento KS, Carazzato S, Barros AO, Mendes FM, Diniz MB. Efficacy of photobiomodulation therapy on masseter thickness and oral health-related quality of life in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Lasers Med Sci. 2017;32(6):1279-88. Pani SC, Mubaraki SA, Ahmed YT, Alturki RY, Almahfouz SF. Parental perceptions of the oral health-related quality of life of autistic children in Saudi Arabia. Spec Care Dentist. 2013;33(1):8-12. Jabarifar SE, Eshghi AR, Shabanian M, Ahmad S. Changes in Children's Oral Health Related Quality of Life Following Dental Treatment under General Anesthesia. Dent Res J (Isfahan). 2009;6(1):13-6. Chao Z, Gui Jin H, Cong Y. The effect of general anesthesia for ambulatory dental treatment on children in Chongqing, Southwest China. Paediatr Anaesth. 2017;27(1):98-105. Yawary R, Anthonappa RP, Ekambaram M, McGrath C, King NM. Changes in the oral health-related quality of life in children following comprehensive oral rehabilitation under general Int J Paediatr Dent. 2016;26(5):322-29.

The interface between the translators and their ecological environment becomes vital in understanding the nature of the translation carried outand the final shape the target texts take. The translators’ subjectivity can only be understood in relation to their context of production, circulation,and reception. It is therefore important in any product-oriented research to study the ecological environment of the translators and its influence on their decision-making process and the translation strategy that they adopt. The present paper is an attempt in that direction. It presents a case study of two different translations of a Telugu classical text, Kanyasulkam, in English. The study reveals how the overall context of translation becomes a major agency in conditioning the work of the translators and how it accounts for the divergence between the two translations of the text selected. It also brings to the fore a very interesting technique of translating a classical text from India by a transnational translatorin an alien environment for the consumption of the distant other.

This Natural Langauge processing is carried particularly on English-Kannada/Telugu. Kannada is a language of India. The Kannada language has a classification of Dravidian, Southern, Tamil-Kannada, and Kannada. Regions Spoken: Kannada is also spoken in Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and Maharashtra. Population: The total population of people who speak Kannada is 35,346,000, as of 1997. Alternate Name: Other names for Kannada are Kanarese, Canarese, Banglori, and Madrassi. Dialects: Some dialects of Kannada are Bijapur, Jeinu Kuruba, and Aine Kuruba. There are about 20 dialects and Badaga may be one. Kannada is the state language of Karnataka. About 9,000,000 people speak Kannada as a second language. The literacy rate for people who speak Kannada as a first language is about 60%, which is the same for those who speak Kannada as a second language (in India). Kannada was used in the Bible from 1831-2000. Statistical machine translation (SMT) is a machine translation paradigm where translations are generated on the basis of statistical models whose parameters are derived from the analysis of bilingual text corpora. The statistical approach contrasts with the rule-based approaches to machine translation as well as with example-based machine translation.

Language translation is a power of humans where machines are lagging and need to acquire. Previous statistical machine translation is used for translation but is applicable for large and similar grammar structure dataset. In this paper neural machine translation with long short term memory (LSTM) is used for addressing the issue. This paper uses a bidirectional LSTM to translate Telugu literary poems of Yogi Vemana to English which exhibited satisfactory translation. The results are compared with existing and proposed methods. NMT with LSTM yields better in language translation.

Abstract This article describes an experiment to evaluate the impact of different types of ellipses discussed in theoretical linguistics on Neural Machine Translation (NMT), using English to Hindi/Telugu as source and target languages. Evaluation with manual methods shows that most of the errors made by Google NMT are located in the clause containing the ellipsis, the frequency of such errors is slightly more in Telugu than Hindi, and the translation adequacy shows improvement when ellipses are reconstructed with their antecedents. These findings not only confirm the importance of ellipses and their resolution for MT, but also hint towards a possible correlation between the translation of discourse devices like ellipses with the morphological incongruity of the source and target. We also observe that not all ellipses are translated poorly and benefit from reconstruction, advocating for a disparate treatment of different ellipses in MT research.

Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is a significant issue in Natural Language Processing (NLP). WSD refers to the capacity of recognizing the correct sense of a word in a given context. It can improve numerous NLP applications such as machine translation, text summarization, information retrieval, or sentiment analysis. This paper proposes an approach named ShotgunWSD. Shotgun WSD is an unsupervised and knowledgebased algorithm for global word sense disambiguation. The algorithm is motivated by the Shotgun sequencing technique. Shotgun WSD is proposed to disambiguate the word senses of Telugu document with three functional phases. The Shotgun WSD achieves the better performance than other approaches of WSD in the disambiguating sense of ambiguous words in Telugu documents. The dataset is used in the Indo-WordNet.

Every country has their own native languages such France has French, Japan has Japanese, India has Hindi and other local languages like Gujrati, Marathi, Telugu, Tamil, Bengali, etc. When a person who does not know the English Language travel to a country whose local language is English will face many problems like understanding road sign texts, shop’s name, Instructions Boards etc. So, in this paper we are proposing a model with the help of which user can take snap of the scene containing text of which he/she want to translate it, upload that photo, choose the language and the software will provide us the output in text of User’s native language. This model will use Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to identify the characters, Efficient and Accurate Scene Text Detector (EAST) for detecting the text in the image, Digital Image Processing methods are used to segment the text in the detected text, googletrans for translating the text to other language and Tkinter for creating Graphical user Interface (GUI) for software.