Journal articles: 'Template Methode'

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Yilmaz, Ecevit, Karsten Haupt, and Klaus Mosbach. "Die Verwendung immobilisierter Template: eine neue Methode zum molekularen Prägen." Angewandte Chemie 112, no. 12 (June 16, 2000): 2178–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-3757(20000616)112:12<2178::aid-ange2178>3.0.co;2-#.

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Cole, Martin J., and Steven G. Parker. "Dynamic Compilation of C++ Template Code." Scientific Programming 11, no. 4 (2003): 321–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2003/306458.

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Generic programming using the C++ template facility has been a successful method for creating high-performance, yet general algorithms for scientific computing and visualization. However, adding template code tends to require more template code in surrounding structures and algorithms to maintain generality. Compiling all possible expansions of these templates can lead to massive template bloat. Furthermore, compile-time binding of templates requires that all possible permutations be known at compile time, limiting the runtime extensibility of the generic code. We present a method for deferring the compilation of these templates until an exact type is needed. This dynamic compilation mechanism will produce the minimum amount of compiled code needed for a particular application, while maintaining the generality and performance that templates innately provide. Through a small amount of supporting code within each templated class, the proper templated code can be generated at runtime without modifying the compiler. We describe the implementation of this goal within the SCIRun dataflow system. SCIRun is freely available online for research purposes.

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Xie, Yadian, Duygu Kocaefe, Chunying Chen, and Yasar Kocaefe. "Review of Research on Template Methods in Preparation of Nanomaterials." Journal of Nanomaterials 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2302595.

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The nanomaterials have been widely used in various fields, such as photonics, catalysis, and adsorption, because of their unique physical and chemical properties. Therefore, their production methods are of utmost importance. Compared with traditional synthetic methods, the template method can effectively control the morphology, particle size, and structure during the preparation of nanomaterials, which is an effective method for their synthesis. The key for the template method is to choose different templates, which are divided into hard template and soft template according to their different structures. In this paper, the effects of different types of templates on the morphology of nanomaterials during their preparation are investigated from two aspects: hard template and soft template, combined with the mechanism of action.

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Yan, Yong Ke, He Ping Zhou, Wei Zhao, Dan Liu, and Shan Shan Liu. "Texture Development in Na_1/2Bi_1/2TiO₃-BaTiO₃ Ceramics by Reactive-Templated Grain Growth." Key Engineering Materials 336-338 (April 2007): 121–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.336-338.121.

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High <001>-textured Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3-BaTiO3 (6mol%BaTiO3) ceramics were fabricated by reactive-templated grain growth (RTGG), using plate-like Bi4Ti3O14 particles prepared by a molten salt method as the templates. The effect of template concentration on the texture development and microstructure evolution was studied, and the mechanisms of grain orientation and densification were also discussed. The design of Bi element reaction has important impact on the texture development.

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Zhu, Xin Hua, Cheng Gong, and Hong Chao Chen. "Construction and Match of Question Templates Based on Domain Ontology and Semantic Block." Applied Mechanics and Materials 373-375 (August 2013): 1776–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.373-375.1776.

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Compared with other methods, the question sentences processing method based on sentence-template match avoids complex lexical, syntactic and semantic analysis, but the size of the question template library is the key. To solve this problem, this paper used domain ontology and semantic block to build question templates, and added synonymous question templates into question model, then proposed a question template matching algorithm based on the semantic similarity, length similarity and sequence similarity. The experimental results show that this method greatly improves the success rate to extract the semantic features of users question sentences.

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Park, Taeyong, Jonghun Won, Minkyung Baek, and Chaok Seok. "GalaxyHeteromer: protein heterodimer structure prediction by template-based and ab initio docking." Nucleic Acids Research 49, W1 (May 28, 2021): W237—W241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkab422.

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Abstract Protein–protein interactions play crucial roles in diverse biological processes, including various disease progressions. Atomistic structural details of protein–protein interactions may provide important information that can facilitate the design of therapeutic agents. GalaxyHeteromer is a freely available automatic web server (http://galaxy.seoklab.org/heteromer) that predicts protein heterodimer complex structures from two subunit protein sequences or structures. When subunit structures are unavailable, they are predicted by template- or distance-prediction-based modelling methods. Heterodimer complex structures can be predicted by both template-based and ab initio docking, depending on the template's availability. Structural templates are detected from the protein structure database based on both the sequence and structure similarities. The templates for heterodimers may be selected from monomer and homo-oligomer structures, as well as from hetero-oligomers, owing to the evolutionary relationships of heterodimers with domains of monomers or subunits of homo-oligomers. In addition, the server employs one of the best ab initio docking methods when heterodimer templates are unavailable. The multiple heterodimer structure models and the associated scores, which are provided by the web server, may be further examined by user to test or develop functional hypotheses or to design new functional molecules.

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Neelamani, Ramesh (Neelsh), Anatoly Baumstein, and Warren S. Ross. "Adaptive subtraction using complex-valued curvelet transforms." GEOPHYSICS 75, no. 4 (July 2010): V51—V60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3453425.

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We propose a complex-valued curvelet transform-based (CCT-based) algorithm that adaptively subtracts from seismic data those noises for which an approximate template is available. The CCT decomposes a geophysical data set in terms of small reflection pieces, with each piece having a different characteristic frequency, location, and dip. One can precisely change the amplitude and shift the location of each seismic reflection piece in a template by controlling the amplitude and phase of the template's CCT coefficients. Based on these insights, our approach uses the phase and amplitude of the data's and template's CCT coefficients to correct misalignment and amplitude errors in the noise template, thereby matching the adapted template with the actual noise in the seismic data, reflection event-by-event. We also extend our approach to subtract noises that require several templates to be approximated. By itself, the method can only correct small misalignment errors ([Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text] data) in the template; it relies on conventional least-squares (LS) adaptation to correct large-scale misalignment errors, such as wavelet mismatches and bulk shifts. Synthetic and real-data results illustrate that the CCT-based approach improves upon the LS approach and a curvelet-based approach described by Herrmann and Verschuur.

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Jin, Xin, Shunsheng Cao, Xinhua Yuan, Weiwei Wu, Jie Hu, and Weichen Sheng. "The Preparation of Monodisperse Cationic Polystyrene and its Application to the Synthesis of Hollow Silica Spheres." Australian Journal of Chemistry 63, no. 10 (2010): 1418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch10093.

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The fabrication of hollow spheres with well defined size and morphology has been attracting much attention due to their unique structures and related physicochemical properties. Among the synthetic methods, the template-directed method is particularly interesting and extensively employed to fabricate hollow spheres due to templates available of essentially any size, shape, and chemistry. As a result, a new monodispersed cationic polystyrene (PS) template in this paper was fabricated by using 2-(methacryloyloxy) ethyltrimethylammonium chloride as co-monomer via emulsifier-free polymerization. The template not only can easily be tuned to the size, but can combine the advantages of hard-templating and soft-templating methods. Subsequently, we used cationic PS particles as templates to prepare hollow silica spheres – the results indicated that cationic templates can attract the assembly of tetraethylorthosilicate hydrolyzate on their surface and that the dissolution of templates can be done in the system of silica encapsulation by modification of the reaction conditions.

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Liu, Jian, Kuangrong Hao, Yongsheng Ding, Shiyu Yang, and Lei Gao. "Multi-State Self-Learning Template Library Updating Approach for Multi-Camera Human Tracking in Complex Scenes." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 31, no. 12 (September 17, 2017): 1755016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001417550163.

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In multi-camera video tracking, the tracking scene and tracking-target appearance can become complex, and current tracking methods use entirely different databases and evaluation criteria. Herein, for the first time to our knowledge, we present a universally applicable template library updating approach for multi-camera human tracking called multi-state self-learning template library updating (RS-TLU), which can be applied in different multi-camera tracking algorithms. In RS-TLU, self-learning divides tracking results into three states, namely steady state, gradually changing state, and suddenly changing state, by using the similarity of objects with historical templates and instantaneous templates because every state requires a different decision strategy. Subsequently, the tracking results for each state are judged and learned with motion and occlusion information. Finally, the correct template is chosen in the robust template library. We investigate the effectiveness of the proposed method using three databases and 42 test videos, and calculate the number of false positives, false matches, and missing tracking targets. Experimental results demonstrate that, in comparison with the state-of-the-art algorithms for 15 complex scenes, our RS-TLU approach effectively improves the number of correct target templates and reduces the number of similar templates and error templates in the template library.

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Budiharto, Widodo, Djoko Purwanto, and Mauridhi Hery Purnomo. "EDGE DETECTION USING CELLULAR NEURAL NETWORK AND TEMPLATE OPTIMIZATION." CCIT Journal 4, no. 1 (September 6, 2010): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.33050/ccit.v4i1.358.

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Result of edge detection using CNN could be not optimal, because the optimal result is based on template applied to the images. During the first years after the introduction of the CNN, many templates were designed by cut and try techniques. Today, several methods are available for generating CNN templates or algorithms. In this paper, we presented a method to make the optimal result of edge detection by using TEMPO (Template Optimization). Result shown that template optimization improves the image quality of the edges and noise are reduced. Simulation for edge detection uses CANDY Simulator, then we implementing the program and optimized template using MATLAB. Comparing to Canny and Sobel operators, image shapes result from CNN edge detector also show more realistic and effective to user.

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Jones, Susan, and Janet M. Thornton. "Protein–DNA Interactions: The Story so Far and a New Method for Prediction." Comparative and Functional Genomics 4, no. 4 (2003): 428–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cfg.303.

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This review describes methods for the prediction of DNA binding function, and specifically summarizes a new method using 3D structural templates. The new method features the HTH motif that is found in approximately one-third of DNAbinding protein families. A library of 3D structural templates of HTH motifs was derived from proteins in the PDB. Templates were scanned against complete protein structures and the optimal superposition of a template on a structure calculated. Significance thresholds in terms of a minimum root mean squared deviation (rmsd) of an optimal superposition, and a minimum motif accessible surface area (ASA), have been calculated. In this way, it is possible to scan the template library against proteins of unknown function to make predictions about DNA-binding functionality.

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Li, Zhiyong, Pengfei Li, Xiaoping Yu, and Mervat Hashem. "Real-Time Tracking by Double Templates Matching Based on Timed Motion History Image with HSV Feature." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/793769.

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It is a challenge to represent the target appearance model for moving object tracking under complex environment. This study presents a novel method with appearance model described by double templates based on timed motion history image with HSV color histogram feature (tMHI-HSV). The main components include offline template and online template initialization, tMHI-HSV-based candidate patches feature histograms calculation, double templates matching (DTM) for object location, and templates updating. Firstly, we initialize the target object region and calculate its HSV color histogram feature as offline template and online template. Secondly, the tMHI-HSV is used to segment the motion region and calculate these candidate object patches’ color histograms to represent their appearance models. Finally, we utilize the DTM method to trace the target and update the offline template and online template real-timely. The experimental results show that the proposed method can efficiently handle the scale variation and pose change of the rigid and nonrigid objects, even in illumination change and occlusion visual environment.

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Choi, Hyeong In, Sungjin Lee, Hwan Pyo Moon, Nam-Sook Wee, Daehoon Kim, and Song-Hwa Kwon. "Seeded Ising Model and Distributed Biometric Template Storage and Matching." Entropy 23, no. 7 (July 1, 2021): 849. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23070849.

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It is known that a variant of Ising model, called Seeded Ising Model, can be used to recover the information content of a biometric template from a fraction of information therein. The method consists in reconstructing the whole template, which is called the intruder template in this paper, using only a small portion of the given template, a partial template. This reconstruction method may pose a security threat to the integrity of a biometric identity management system. In this paper, based on the Seeded Ising Model, we present a systematic analysis of the possible security breach and its probability of accepting the intruder templates as genuine. Detailed statistical experiments on the intruder match rate are also conducted under various scenarios. In particular, we study (1) how best a template is divided into several small pieces called partial templates, each of which is to be stored in a separate silo; (2) how to do the matching by comparing partial templates in the locked-up silos, and letting only the results of these intra-silo comparisons be sent to the central tallying server for final scoring without requiring the whole templates in one location at any time.

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Jia, Wen Chuan, Xin Luo, Fang Yuan, Lei Zhou, and Wei Jiang. "Structural Feature-Based Model Templates Design for Ultra-Precision Positioning System." Advanced Materials Research 346 (September 2011): 272–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.346.272.

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Ultra-precision mechanism lies in the core of ultra-precision electromechanical equipment, and is characterized by direct electromagnetic driving, air bearing supporting and ultra-precise vibration-isolation, putting a great challenge on design methodology and tools. This paper presents a model template design method which can provide effective computer aided design and engineering tools for new system design by encapsulating the design methods and design experience of ultra-precision mechanism into series of design templates. The model template contains toolkits both for forward structural design applied to new systems, and for the analysis and optimization of existing systems, as well as mathematical model and visualization tool in physical domain. The model templates are encapsulated and assembled according to the dynamical parameters and specific design parameters. Using planar electromagnetic drive structure in ultra-precision positioning system as an example, this paper discusses the design scheme of structure’s model template in detail, and introduces fast calculation method for magnetic field and visualization program, as well as forward design method for electromagnetic coil structure. Fast scheme design and analysis for ultra-precision mechanism can be achieved by using design templates.

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Sun, Qingfeng, Yun Lu, Jinchun Tu, Dongjiang Yang, Jun Cao, and Jian Li. "Bulky Macroporous TiO2Photocatalyst with Cellular Structure via Facile Wood-Template Method." International Journal of Photoenergy 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/649540.

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We report a bulky macroporous TiO2particles with cellular structure prepared in the presence of wood slices as template. Firstly, TiO2sol was coated onto the wood slices by repeated dip-coating process. Then, after calcinations at 550°C, the wood template could be removed, and the bulky TiO2structure was obtained. The prepared samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and transmission electron microscope (TEM) techniques. XRD pattern confirmed the crystalline phase of the wood-templated TiO2is anatase phase. And interestingly, from the observation of SEM image, the wood-templated TiO2inherited the initial cellular structures of birch lumber (B. albosinensis Burk), and numerous macropores were observed in the sample. Meanwhile, the wood-templated TiO2presented a superior photocatalytic ability to decompose Rhodamine B (RhB) under ultraviolet irradiation.

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YAN, CHENGLIN, and DONGFENG XUE. "SYNTHESIS OF DESIGNED TEMPLATES FOR NOVEL SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIALS WITH HOLLOW STRUCTURES." Functional Materials Letters 01, no. 01 (June 2008): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604708000083.

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We develop several strategies for the synthesis of novel templates based on a solution method aimed at the synthesis of hollow structures for functional materials. Hollow ZnO microrings are successfully established using a new sacrificial template route by employing insoluble salts as the template. We also develop an in situ template strategy to synthesize ZnO tubes on zinc foil in an acid medium to avoid the multiple steps that are currently used in the preparation of other hollow structures. Finally, a bubble template method is discovered for the preparation of a new type of complex ZnO hollow structures constructed by polyhedral particles. The unique methods presented herein provide a new template technique for chemically designing and synthesizing functional materials with hollow structures.

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Acquah, Moses Arhinful, Na Chen, Jeng-Shyang Pan, Hong-Mei Yang, and Bin Yan. "Securing Fingerprint Template Using Blockchain and Distributed Storage System." Symmetry 12, no. 6 (June 4, 2020): 951. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12060951.

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Biometrics, with its uniqueness to every individual, has been adapted as a security authentication feature by many institutions. These biometric data are processed into templates that are saved on databases, and a central authority centralizes and controls these databases. This form of storing biometric data, or in our case fingerprint template, is asymmetric and prone to three main security attacks, such as fake template input, template modification or deletion, and channel interception by a malicious attacker. In this paper, we secure an encrypted fingerprint template by a symmetric peer-to-peer network and symmetric encryption. The fingerprint is encrypted by the symmetric key algorithm: Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm and then is uploaded to a symmetrically distributed storage system, the InterPlanetary File system (IPFS). The hash of the templated is stored in a decentralized blockchain. The slow transaction speed of the blockchain has limited its use in real-life applications, such as large file storage, hence, the merge with IPFS to store just the hashes of large files. The encrypted template is uploaded to the IPFS, and its returned digest is stored on the Ethereum network. The implementation of IPFS prevents storing the raw state of the fingerprint template on the Ethereum network in order to reduce cost and also prevent identity theft. This procedure is an improvement of previous systems. By adopting the method of template hashing, the proposed system is cost-effective and efficient. The experimental results depict that the proposed system secures the fingerprint template by encryption, hashing, and decentralization.

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Jiang, Rui Song, Xin Fa Chen, Da Yong Feng, and Feng Jun Wang. "A Novel Structure Design Method Based on Knowledge Template." Applied Mechanics and Materials 159 (March 2012): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.159.18.

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In this study, a novel structure design method based on knowledge template was prompted. The notion and construction methods of knowledge template were introduced. Moreover, the knowledge template based design process was represented. The knowledge templates of investment casting die bases of turbine blade were established and a design system for die base was developed. The system provides designers with a semi-automated approach for the die base design. Finally, several sample applications for investment casting die base of turbine blade were presented for demonstration.

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Ban, Vin Shen, Christopher J. Madden, Travis Browning, Ellen O’Connell, Bradley F. Marple, and Brett Moran. "A novel use of the discrete templated notes within an electronic health record software to monitor resident supervision." Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 24, e1 (June 6, 2016): e2-e8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocw078.

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Abstract Objective: Monitoring the supervision of residents can be a challenging task. We describe our experience with the implementation of a templated note system for documenting procedures with the aim of enabling automated, discrete, and standardized capture of documentation of supervision of residents performing floor-based procedures, with minimal extra effort from the residents. Materials and methods: Procedural note templates were designed using the standard existing template within a commercial electronic health record software. Templates for common procedures were created such that residents could document every procedure performed outside of the formal procedural areas. Automated reports were generated and letters were sent to noncompliers. Results: A total of 27 045 inpatient non–formal procedural area procedures were recorded from August 2012 to June 2014. Compliance with NoteWriter template usage averaged 86% in the first year and increased to 94.6% in the second year (P = .0055). Initially, only 12.5% of residents documented supervision of any form. By the end of the first year, this was above 80%, with the gains maintained into the second year and beyond. Direct supervision was documented to have occurred where required in 62.8% in the first year and increased to 99.8% in the second year (P = .0001) after the addition of hard stops. Notification of attendings prior to procedures was documented 100% of the time by September 2013. Letters sent to errant residents decreased from 3.6 to 0.83 per 100 residents per week. Conclusion: The templated procedure note system with hard stops and integrated reporting can successfully be used to improve monitoring of resident supervision. This has potential impact on resident education and patient safety.

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Dot, Tristan, Flavien Quijoux, Laurent Oudre, Aliénor Vienne-Jumeau, Albane Moreau, Pierre-Paul Vidal, and Damien Ricard. "Non-Linear Template-Based Approach for the Study of Locomotion." Sensors 20, no. 7 (March 30, 2020): 1939. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20071939.

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The automatic detection of gait events (i.e., Initial Contact (IC) and Final Contact (FC)) is crucial for the characterisation of gait from Inertial Measurements Units. In this article, we present a method for detecting steps (i.e., IC and FC) from signals of gait sequences of individuals recorded with a gyrometer. The proposed approach combines the use of a dictionary of templates and a Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) measure of fit to retrieve these templates into input signals. Several strategies for choosing and learning the adequate templates from annotated data are also described. The method is tested on thirteen healthy subjects and compared to gold standard. Depending of the template choice, the proposed algorithm achieves average errors from 0.01 to 0.03 s for the detection of IC, FC and step duration. Results demonstrate that the use of DTW allows achieving these performances with only one single template. DTW is a convenient tool to perform pattern recognition on gait gyrometer signals. This study paves the way for new step detection methods: it shows that using one single template associated with non-linear deformations may be sufficient to model the gait of healthy subjects.

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Peng, Jian, and Ya Su. "An Improved Algorithm for Detection and Pose Estimation of Texture-Less Objects." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 25, no. 2 (March 20, 2021): 204–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2021.p0204.

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This paper introduces an improved algorithm for texture-less object detection and pose estimation in industrial scenes. In the template training stage, a multi-scale template training method is proposed to improve the sensitivity of LineMOD to template depth. When this method performs template matching, the test image is first divided into several regions, and then training templates with similar depth are selected according to the depth of each test image region. In this way, without traversing all the templates, the depth of the template used by the algorithm during template matching is kept close to the depth of the target object, which improves the speed of the algorithm while ensuring that the accuracy of recognition will not decrease. In addition, this paper also proposes a method called coarse positioning of objects. The method avoids a lot of useless matching operations, and further improves the speed of the algorithm. The experimental results show that the improved LineMOD algorithm in this paper can effectively solve the algorithm’s template depth sensitivity problem.

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Levine, S., J. Gillen, P. Weiser, M. Gillen, and E. Kwatny. "Description and validation of an ECG removal procedure for EMGdi power spectrum analysis." Journal of Applied Physiology 60, no. 3 (March 1, 1986): 1073–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1986.60.3.1073.

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We describe a cross-correlation procedure for removing contaminating electrocardiogram (ECG) complexes from the diaphragmatic electromyogram (EMGdi). First, the operator selects ECG templates from the EMGdi signal during expiratory intervals. Second, these templates are used to locate ECG complexes occurring during inspiratory EMGdi activity. Third, at the point of maximum correlation between the template and these ECG complexes, the template is adjusted in size and offset to “match” the ECG complex, and adjustments are determined by the linear regression coefficients. Finally, the modified template is subtracted from the EMGdi signal. To evaluate our method, we compared the power spectral density (PSD) obtained from processing EMGdi signals by our method with those obtained from the EMGdi signal in which ECG complexes had been removed by gating. Our results indicate that PSD obtained by these two different methods shows no statistically significant differences with respect to the following features: centroid frequency, median frequency, total power, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis.

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Lowe, A., M. J. Harrison, and R. W. Jones. "Trend Recognition in Clinical Signals using Template-Based Methods." Methods of Information in Medicine 39, no. 02 (2000): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634287.

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Abstract:The recognition of clinically significant trends in monitored signals plays an important role in many medical diagnostic applications. A template-based system technique to identify characteristic patterns in time-series data is described, based on fuzzy logic. Fuzzy set theory allows the creation of fuzzy templates from linguistic rules. The resulting fuzzy template system can accommodate multiple time signals, relative or absolute trends, and automatically generates a normalised “goodness of fit” score. The template approach was originally developed for monitoring during anaesthesia but has the potential to be useful in other domains that require temporal pattern recognition.

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Zatsepin, Nikita, and Lev Chernyshov. "Methods and means of production generation of tests on computer disciplines." Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Management, computer science and informatics 2020, no. 1 (January 27, 2020): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/2072-9502-2020-1-73-83.

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The article describes the problem of automatic test generation, which is important in the modern education system, especially in distance learning. Various developments in this area have been considered. The development of new methods and means of generating precisely test tasks has been submitted. In order to reduce the complexity and time in the course of developing tests on computer disciplines, a new type of the test task template has been produces using the production rules specified by the teacher. They make it possible to generate tests from a group of such templates (test template) suitable to be imported into the Moodle distance learning system. The development of a module for the Moodle system provides generating tests from templates directly at the time of testing and allows to create a test template instead of writing all the options for this test in hand, which should greatly facilitate the work and save the teacher’s time. The algorithm for generating a test task and examples of ready-made templates on the topics “Operating Systems” and “Python” have been presented. The proposed approach can be used in the teacher’ work as a tool for test training depending on its purpose and the nature of the discipline studied.

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Zeng, Jiani, Wenbo Wu, Zhengdong Huang, and Kuan Fan. "A block-queue based optimization method for composite structures blended with multiple templates." MATEC Web of Conferences 249 (2018): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201824901003.

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Maintaining the continuity (blending) of stacking sequences is very vital when the stacking sequences of a multi-region panel is being optimized. The traditional attempt simplifies the difficulty of the blending problem by designing the whole panel based on one stacking template. However, this simplification adds an unnecessary constraint that regions with the same thickness should have the same stacking sequence. In order to overcome the drawback, this paper introduces a region block queue based method to obtain the optimal manufacturable stacking sequences of composite laminates blended from multiple stacking templates. The method discussed here groups regions into blocks, forming a block queue, and designs the entire laminate panel with multiple stacking templates, which are respectively applied to different blocks. The continuity between two adjacent blocks is guaranteed by sequentially rebuilding the template of a block from the sequences of adjacent regions within its previous block in the queue. An 18-region benchmark problem is chosen to prove the effectiveness of the proposed method, and the solution obtained is 0.27kg lighter than the traditional template-based method. The reduction of mass reveals that the use of multiple templates does contribute to searching for lighter solution.

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Matsko, I. I., Y. V. Snegirev, and O. S. Logunova. "Data Acquisition and Preparation Methods for Continuously Cast Billets Quality Analysis Software." Applied Mechanics and Materials 110-116 (October 2011): 3557–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.110-116.3557.

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The aim of the research in progress is to enhance continuously cast billets images software analyzer (based on sulfur prints and template photos) data aquisition and preparation methods. Aquired sulfur prints images and templates photographs were evaluated according to statistical criteria. Raw data aquisition and preparation methods for continuously cast billets analysis software based on sulfur prints and templates photographs were developed in course of work. Conditions of aquiring templates sulfur prints and photographs were also evaluated

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Katayama, Takafumi, Eiji Suzuki, and Masao Saito. "Symbol Encoding Method of Time Series Data and Markov Model." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 3, no. 2 (April 20, 1991): 124–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.1991.p0124.

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A symbol encoding method is proposed for the purpose of data classification. The parameters of a sample are obtained by linear prediction analysis. Log likelihood ratios are computed between the parameters of a sample and several templates. A sample is classified to the template distance, and then the parameters of the template is modified. A symbol (e.g. an alphabetic character) is assigned to each template. The whole time series data are encoded into the stream of symbols. A Markov model which produced the same symbol series is constructed. A model parameter is represented as a structure of the time series data.

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Wu, Fandi, and Jinbo Xu. "Deep template-based protein structure prediction." PLOS Computational Biology 17, no. 5 (May 3, 2021): e1008954. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008954.

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Motivation Protein structure prediction has been greatly improved by deep learning, but most efforts are devoted to template-free modeling. But very few deep learning methods are developed for TBM (template-based modeling), a popular technique for protein structure prediction. TBM has been studied extensively in the past, but its accuracy is not satisfactory when highly similar templates are not available. Results This paper presents a new method NDThreader (New Deep-learning Threader) to address the challenges of TBM. NDThreader first employs DRNF (deep convolutional residual neural fields), which is an integration of deep ResNet (convolutional residue neural networks) and CRF (conditional random fields), to align a query protein to templates without using any distance information. Then NDThreader uses ADMM (alternating direction method of multipliers) and DRNF to further improve sequence-template alignments by making use of predicted distance potential. Finally, NDThreader builds 3D models from a sequence-template alignment by feeding it and sequence coevolution information into a deep ResNet to predict inter-atom distance distribution, which is then fed into PyRosetta for 3D model construction. Our experimental results show that NDThreader greatly outperforms existing methods such as CNFpred, HHpred, DeepThreader and CEthreader. NDThreader was blindly tested in CASP14 as a part of RaptorX server, which obtained the best average GDT score among all CASP14 servers on the 58 TBM targets.

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Wang, Jing, Li Da Sun, Zi Jing Li, and Yan Hua Tang. "Comparative Study on the Effect of Preparation of TiO₂ and the Photocatalytic Degradation of Phenol Based on the Biological Template." Advanced Materials Research 908 (March 2014): 195–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.908.195.

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This study combines the template method and sol-gel method, prepares TiO2 photocatalytic materials with the cotton, leaves and towel gourd as the template, and then makes degradation of phenol in ultraviolet light with the prepared TiO2 photocatalysts. The results show that all the photocatalyst prepared with three kinds of templates have high photocatalytic activity, among which, the catalytic performance of cotton is better, leaves secondly, and towel gourd’s relatively poor. With cotton as templates for the preparation of TiO2 under UV irradiation for 6h, the degradation rate was 80%, leaves as template for the preparation of TiO2 under UV irradiation for 6h, the degradation rate was 63%, and with towel gourd as template for the preparation of TiO2 under UV irradiation for 6h, the degradation rate was 52%.

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Yao, Tong Jie, Jie Wu, Fang Cui, Ke Ning Sun, and Tie Yu Cui. "One-Step Preparation of Polypyrrole Nanoparticles by a Reactive-Template Method." Advanced Materials Research 669 (March 2013): 331–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.669.331.

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Polypyrrole nanoparticles (PPy NPs) were successfully prepared in one-step by a reactive-template method. Fe3O4 NPs were selected as the reactive-template, and they acted as both templates to shape structure of PPy NPs and initiator source, simultaneously. No surfactants were used in whole process, which dramatically improved the purity of resulting products. HCl solution concentrations played an important role on the morphologies of resulting PPy NPs.

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Zhang, Yin E. "Research of an Improved Snail Image Recognition Method Based on Grayscale Template Matching." Applied Mechanics and Materials 433-435 (October 2013): 700–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.433-435.700.

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As the lack in the accuracy and speed of the template matching algorithm for the snail image in the complex environment, the snail source image and the template image have the appropriate scaling in order to improve their sizes in the traditional algorithm. The new algorithm avoids the very big and accurate characteristics about the snail images through shrinking the source images down. The grayscale template matching method is put forward based on the traditional template selection set to prevent that the error caused by human factors on the selected template, the redundancy between the templates is removed in a large extent, further the accuracy of the matching is improved, and the matching time is reduced greatly in the case of matching accuracy guarantee.

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Takizawa, Hotaka, Kanae Shigemoto, Shinji Yamamoto, Tohru Matsumoto, Yukio Tateno, Takeshi Iinuma, and Mitsuomi Matsumoto. "A Recognition Method of Lung Nodule Shadows in X-Ray CT Images Using 3D Object Models." International Journal of Image and Graphics 03, no. 04 (October 2003): 533–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219467803001172.

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In this paper, we describe a recognition method of lung nodule shadows in X-ray CT images using 3-dimensional nodule and blood vessel models. From these 3D object models, artificial CT images are generated as templates. The templates are then applied to input images which comprise of suspicious shadows. If any parameters of the suspicious shadow matches a nodule template rather than any blood vessel template, then it is determined to be abnormal. Otherwise, it is determined to be normal. By applying our new method to the actual lung CT images of 38 patients, the false positive ratio is reduced to 4.31 [shadow/patient] with the sensitivity exceeding 95%.

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Yang, Da Wei, Yan Qi, and Li Ping Liu. "An Object Tracking Method Based on Illumination Compensation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 742 (March 2015): 286–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.742.286.

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Aiming at the illumination change and partial occlusion in the object tracking, an object tracking method based on illumination compensation was proposed. An illumination compensation method based on Retinex was applied to the sequence images, a structural appearance model and template matching were used to track the object. Dense sampling was used to obtain candidates, extended least median square was used to match templates, and a step by step template updating method is applied. The experimental results demonstrate the effect of the proposed method.

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SHI, ZHONG-TAO, MIN HAN, SHI-FENG ZHAO, LU ZHANG, XUE-FEI LI, JIAN-GUO WAN, and GUANG-HOU WANG. "SELF-ASSEMBLY OF SILVER NANOCLUSTERS ON TRIBLOCK COPOLYMER TEMPLATES." International Journal of Modern Physics B 19, no. 15n17 (July 10, 2005): 2792–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979205031717.

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Poly (styrene-b-butadiene-b-styrene) (SBS) triblock copolymer templates have been prepared by solvent-induced order-disorder phase transition method. Silver nanoclusters have been deposited onto the SBS copolymer templates by low energy clusters beam deposition (LECBD) method. The microstructures of the template and cluster deposits have been characterized by AFM with tapping-mode. It is shown that the triblock copolymers are self-assembled to form an in-plane cylinder ordered microstructure. In the case of low coverage (<50%), silver nanaoclusters deposited on the template tend to aggregate along with the pattern of the template and coalesce into larger nanoparticles. Optical absorption spectra reveal that the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of silver nanoclusters deposited on the template occurs at 545nm, being a red shift of ~75nm compared to that silver nanoclusters deposited on the fused quartz substrate.

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Zhu, Bin, Fang Yuan, and Yu Wang. "Keyword Aggregate Query Based on Query Template." Advanced Materials Research 756-759 (September 2013): 932–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.756-759.932.

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For keywords query, we propose a keyword aggregate query method based on query template. During the keywords processing, symbol table is used to locate the position of the keywords in the database to get a series of query items. In the query template generating stage, we design a heuristic query template generation algorithm. We use the improved scoring rules to rate the query templates, and select the optimal query template. The experimental results have shown that the aggregate query method is effective.

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Sugawara, Taku, Naoki Higashiyama, Shuichi Kaneyama, Masato Takabatake, Naoko Watanabe, Fujio Uchida, Masatoshi Sumi, and Kazuo Mizoi. "Multistep pedicle screw insertion procedure with patient-specific lamina fit-and-lock templates for the thoracic spine." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 19, no. 2 (August 2013): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2013.4.spine121059.

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Object Pedicle screw fixation is a standard procedure of spinal instrumentation, but accurate screw placement is essential to avoid injury to the adjacent structures, such as the vessels, nerves, and viscera. The authors recently developed an intraoperative screw guiding method in which patient-specific laminar templates were used, and verified the accuracy of the multistep procedure in the thoracic spine. Methods Preoperative bone images of the CT scans were analyzed using 3D/multiplanar imaging software and the trajectories of the screws were planned. Plastic templates with screw guiding structures were created for each lamina by using 3D design and printing technology. Three types of templates were made for precise multistep guidance, and all templates were specially designed to fit and lock on the lamina during the procedure. Plastic vertebra models were also generated and preoperative screw insertion simulation was performed. Surgery was performed using this patient-specific screw guide template system, and the placement of screws was postoperatively evaluated using CT scanning. Results Ten patients with thoracic or cervicothoracic pathological entities were selected to verify this novel procedure. Fifty-eight pedicle screws were placed using the screw guide template system. Preoperatively, each template was found to fit exactly and to lock on the lamina of the vertebra models, and screw insertion simulation was successfully performed. Intraoperatively the templates also fit and locked on the patient lamina, and screw insertion was completed successfully. Postoperative CT scans confirmed that no screws violated the cortex of the pedicles, and the mean deviation of the screws from the planned trajectories was 0.87 ± 0.34 mm at the coronal midpoint section of the pedicles. Conclusions The multistep, patient-specific screw guide template system is useful for intraoperative pedicle screw navigation in the thoracic spine. This simple and economical method can improve the accuracy of pedicle screw insertion and reduce the operating time and radiation exposure of spinal fixation surgery.

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Bumrungkun, Prachya, Kosin Chamnongthai, and Wisarn Patchoo. "Initial Geometrical Templates with Parameter Sets for Active Contour on Skin Cancer Boundary Segmentation." Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2021 (August 3, 2021): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9528460.

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For active-contour-based surgery systems, the success of skin cancer boundary segmentation depends on the initialization point of the snake model, which is a task originally performed by skillful experts, and on the parameters set for the algorithms of active contour. This paper proposes initial geometrical templates and parameter sets for the active contour on skin cancer boundary segmentation. To establish initial geometrical templates and parameter sets for the active contour, first, template candidates, which are geometrically designed by users in advance, are simply calculated based on similarity with a skin cancer boundary, and the candidate with the least difference is selected as an initial template. Initially, all candidate templates are performed before the test with some selected skin cancer samples by randomly varying needed parameters to determine parameter sets for each template. The parameter set is therefore implicitly selected as the suitable set with the selected initial template. Experiments with 227 skin cancer samples were performed based on our proposed initial templates and parameter sets, and the results show 99.46% accuracy, 97.43% sensitivity, and 99.87% specificity approximately in which accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were improved by 0.26%, 0.36%, and 0.26%, respectively, compared with the conventional method.

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See Tai, S., C. Donegan, A. Haines, and I. Nazareth. "Evaluation of General Practice Computer Templates." Methods of Information in Medicine 38, no. 03 (1999): 177–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634189.

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AbstractWe conducted a pilot randomised trial of computerised templates for the management of asthma and diabetes in general practice in six general practices in North London. Uptake of the guidelines by general practitioners and practice nurses was assessed using qualitative (semi-structured interviews designed to assess the users’ views) and quantitative (change in use of the template during the study period) outcome measures. The practice nurses used the templates frequently but general practitioners rarely used them. Several reasons were offered for non-use of the templates, such as the length of the template and non-involvement in the care of asthma or diabetes. Despite this, however, health professionals were favourably disposed to the use of templates for general clinical care. Pilot investigations of computerised templates are best achieved by observational or quasi-experimental methods rather than a randomised controlled trial. The use of both qualitative and quantitative methods in this study allowed exploration of the barriers to use of computers.

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Zheng, Hua Jing, Shi Jun Cheng, Ya Dong Jiang, and Jian Hua Xu. "Performance Optimization of Nanotubes Prepared by a Template Synthesis Method." Advanced Materials Research 557-559 (July 2012): 632–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.557-559.632.

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PEDOT nanotubes were prepared by a template synthesis method. Based on our template, it was deduced that there are two successive processes in the formation of nanotubes. The first step is soakage of the porous templates by a polymer solution, and the second step is adsorption of free charged cationic groups and doped PEDOT onto the template surface with negative charges. XRD results showed that well orientated PEDOT chain were formed during the synthesis, moreover the arrange conductivity of molecular chains strongly affect the structures of PEDOT nanotubes. The nanotubes were measured to be about 5.5~17.6 S/cm, which is higher than that of nanotube pellet due to the high contact resistance between the adjacent nanotubes.

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Sun, Yu Feng, Ke Xin Li, and Wen Jie Zhang. "Porous B-TiO₂ Prepared by Sol-Gel Method Using Boric Acid as Boron Source." Advanced Materials Research 496 (March 2012): 146–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.496.146.

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Three kinds of templates were used to prepare porous boron doped TiO2 based photocatalysts by sol-gel method. Adsorption of methyl orange on the materials maintained with very slight variation in template adding concentration. With increasing PEG1000 concentration, photocatalytic activity of the material presented obviously variation. The optimal concentration appeared at 0.08 mol/l, where methyl orange degradation rate was 24.7%. When PEG400 concentration was 0.14 mol/l, photocatalytic degradation rate of methyl orange on the material was 17.9%. In the template concentration range from 0.06 mol/l to 0.16 mol/l, degradation activity occurred at CTAB concentration of 0.10 mol/l showed the optimal value of 31.1%, which was the highest among the three kinds of templates.

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Fan, Mei-Qing, Heng-Yi Yuan, Cheng Qiu, Hong-Xia Zhao, Xu Zeng, Xiao-Fei Zhang, and Bo Ren. "Controllable Synthesis of Modified Porous Anatase TiO2 with High Photocatalytic Activity." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 21, no. 11 (November 1, 2021): 5742–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2021.19492.

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In this study, we added ZrO2 and Y2O3 to stabilize the anatase TiO2 phase at higher temperatures. Composite mesoporous TiO2/ZrO2/Y2O3 (TZY) oxides were prepared by a sol-gel method, and triblockcopolymer P123 and PEG was used as templates. The properties of the synthesized materials were characterized using X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Raman scattering, N2 adsorption/desorption, and UV-Visible spectrophotometry (UV-Vis) methods et al. The samples prepared using P123 and PEG as double-template exhibited smaller particles and a higher specific surface area than the samples prepared using P123 and PEG as single-template. Furthermore, crystal phase transition from anatase to rutile occurred later in the case of the double-template method. After introducing ZrO 2and Y2O3, the crystal phase transition and the growth of crystallites were severely suppressed. The results indicated that the RhB degradation efficiency for the double-template method was 99.24%, while the RhB degradation efficiency with TZY/P123 and TZY/PEG samples was 97.43 and 98.18%, respectively.

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Johansson-Åkhe, Isak, Claudio Mirabello, and Björn Wallner. "InterPep2: global peptide–protein docking using interaction surface templates." Bioinformatics 36, no. 8 (January 9, 2020): 2458–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa005.

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Abstract Motivation Interactions between proteins and peptides or peptide-like intrinsically disordered regions are involved in many important biological processes, such as gene expression and cell life-cycle regulation. Experimentally determining the structure of such interactions is time-consuming and difficult because of the inherent flexibility of the peptide ligand. Although several prediction-methods exist, most are limited in performance or availability. Results InterPep2 is a freely available method for predicting the structure of peptide–protein interactions. Improved performance is obtained by using templates from both peptide–protein and regular protein–protein interactions, and by a random forest trained to predict the DockQ-score for a given template using sequence and structural features. When tested on 252 bound peptide–protein complexes from structures deposited after the complexes used in the construction of the training and templates sets of InterPep2, InterPep2-Refined correctly positioned 67 peptides within 4.0 Å LRMSD among top10, similar to another state-of-the-art template-based method which positioned 54 peptides correctly. However, InterPep2 displays a superior ability to evaluate the quality of its own predictions. On a previously established set of 27 non-redundant unbound-to-bound peptide–protein complexes, InterPep2 performs on-par with leading methods. The extended InterPep2-Refined protocol managed to correctly model 15 of these complexes within 4.0 Å LRMSD among top10, without using templates from homologs. In addition, combining the template-based predictions from InterPep2 with ab initio predictions from PIPER-FlexPepDock resulted in 22% more near-native predictions compared to the best single method (22 versus 18). Availability and implementation The program is available from: http://wallnerlab.org/InterPep2. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

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Liu, Pu, Chun Ping Wang, and Qiang Fu. "An Anti- Occlusion Tracking Algorithm Based on MCD Correlation Matching." Advanced Materials Research 718-720 (July 2013): 2005–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.718-720.2005.

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In order to improve the stability of target tracking under occlusion conditions，on the basis of researching some target tracking algorithms, this paper presents an algorithm based on MCD correlation matching, which combines multi sub-templates matching and target movement prediction. Besides, for occlusion characteristics, corresponding template matching criterions and updating methods are put forward. Experimental results show that, comparing with the single template method which updating frame by frame, the proposed algorithm has a certain anti-occlusion ability with better stability and continuity of target tracking under occlusion conditions.

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Castle, Sarah C., Zewei Song, Daryl M. Gohl, Jessica L. M. Gutknecht, Carl J. Rosen, Michael J. Sadowsky, Deborah A. Samac, and Linda L. Kinkel. "DNA Template Dilution Impacts Amplicon Sequencing-Based Estimates of Soil Fungal Diversity." Phytobiomes Journal 2, no. 2 (January 2018): 100–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pbiomes-09-17-0037-r.

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Next generation sequencing of taxonomically relevant marker genes has enabled researchers to sample the richness, diversity, and composition of environmental microbiomes at previously unattainable depths. However, molecular methods may have unintended downstream consequences and the inadvertent undersampling of microbial communities may be a significant pitfall in microbiome profiling. One such procedure, dilution of the DNA template prior to polymerase chain reaction (PCR), may improve marker gene amplification by reducing chimeric read formation and decreasing PCR inhibitor concentrations. However, dilution unavoidably reduces target DNA template number per sample. We evaluated the effects of pre-PCR DNA template dilution on estimates of soil fungal microbiome diversity, composition, and species abundance distributions across a collection of 144 agricultural soil samples. Fungal DNA templates were serially diluted at 0-, 10-, 100-, and 1,000-fold and sequence data of diluted templates were compared with those of an identical set of undiluted templates. For three prairie soil samples, in addition to evaluating variation among replicates of individual samples, we serially diluted fungal DNA extracts from soil samples in triplicate and sequenced undiluted and diluted samples. DNA template dilution significantly reduced estimates of fungal richness and diversity, as compared with undiluted samples. Dilution of DNA template also resulted in reduced relative abundances of rare operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and increased relative abundances of common OTUs. Collectively, changes in OTU abundance distributions following dilution produced substantial shifts in overall fungal community composition. Our results highlight risks associated with sample dilution and point to the potential utility of quantifying pre-PCR template concentration in the estimation of microbiomes. We urge researchers to thoroughly document methods and to reconsider routine dilution of pre-PCR DNA templates particularly for low abundance microbiome samples. As efforts to profile environmental microbiomes using molecular sequencing approaches accelerate, developing an adequate understanding of potential methodological bottlenecks will increase our ability to accurately characterize and compare datasets.

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Azginoglu, Nuh, Zafer Aydin, and Mete Celik. "Structural profile matrices for predicting structural properties of proteins." Journal of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology 18, no. 04 (July 10, 2020): 2050022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219720020500225.

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Predicting structural properties of proteins plays a key role in predicting the 3D structure of proteins. In this study, new structural profile matrices (SPM) are developed for protein secondary structure, solvent accessibility and torsion angle class predictions, which could be used as input to 3D prediction algorithms. The structural templates employed in computing SPMs are detected by eight alignment methods in LOMETS server, gap affine alignment method, ScanProsite, PfamScan, and HHblits. The contribution of each template is weighted by its similarity to target, which is assessed by several sequence alignment scores. For comparison, the SPMs are also computed using Homolpro, which uses BLAST for target template alignments and does not assign weights to templates. Incorporating the SPMs into DSPRED classifier, the prediction accuracy improves significantly as demonstrated by cross-validation experiments on two difficult benchmarks. The most accurate predictions are obtained using the SPMs derived by threading methods in LOMETS server. On the other hand, the computational cost of computing these SPMs was the highest.

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Ye, Xiangdong, Bo Tian, Yuxuan Guo, Fan Fan, and Anjiang Cai. "A novel dry-blending method to reduce the coefficient of thermal expansion of polymer templates for OTFT electrodes." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 11 (April 20, 2020): 671–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.11.53.

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Among the patterning technologies for organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs), the fabrication of OTFT electrodes using polymer templates has attracted much attention. However, deviations in the electrode alignment occur because the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the polymer template is much higher than the CTE of the dielectric layer. Here, a novel dry-blending method is described in which SiO2 nanoparticles are filled into a grooved silicon template, followed by permeation of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) into the SiO2 nanoparticle gaps. The SiO2 nanoparticles in the groove are extracted by curing and peeling off PDMS to prepare a PDMS/SiO2 composite template with a nanoparticle content of 83.8 wt %. The composite template has a CTE of 96 ppm/°C, which is a reduction by 69.23% compared with the original PDMS template. Finally, we achieved the alignment of OTFT electrodes using the composite template.

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Tallarico, Marco, Matteo Martinolli, Yong-Jin Kim, Fabio Cocchi, Silvio Mario Meloni, Adem Alushi, and Erta Xhanari. "Accuracy of Computer-Assisted Template-Based Implant Placement Using Two Different Surgical Templates Designed with or without Metallic Sleeves: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Dentistry Journal 7, no. 2 (April 2, 2019): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dj7020041.

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Purpose: To compare virtual planning accuracy of novel computer-assisted, template-based implant placement techniques, which make use of CAD/CAM stereolithographic surgical templates with or without metallic sleeves. Furthermore, to compare open versus closed sleeves for templates without metallic sleeves. Materials and methods: Any partially edentulous patients requiring at least one implant to be placed according to a computer-assisted template-based protocol were enrolled. Patients were randomized according to a parallel group design into two arms: Surgical template with or without metallic sleeves. Three deviation parameters (angular, horizontal, vertical) were defined to evaluate the discrepancy between the planned and placed implant positions. Results: No implants failed, and no complications were experienced. Forty-one implants were placed using surgical templates with metallic sleeves while 49 implants were placed with a surgical template without metallic sleeves. Of these, 16 implants were placed through open sleeves and 33 through closed sleeves. There was a statistically significant difference in angle (p = 0.0212) and in the vertical plan (p = 0.0073) with lower values for implants placed with a surgical template without metallic sleeves. In the test group, close sleeves were more accurate compared with open sleeves in angle (p = 0.0268) and in horizontal plan (p = 0.0477). Conclusion: With the limitations of the present study, surgical templates without metallic sleeves were more accurate in the vertical plan and angle compared to the conventional template with metallic sleeves. Open sleeves should be used with caution in the molar region only in case of reduced interarch space. Further research is needed to confirm these preliminary results.

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Zhang, Junping, Jerrold E. Kielbasa, and David L. Carroll. "Nanostructure of the nanopores in anodic aluminum oxide films used as template to fabricate Ag nanowires." Journal of Materials Research 24, no. 5 (May 2009): 1735–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2009.0206.

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Well-ordered nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates have been prepared on aluminum substrates by a two-step anodization process. A voltage-controlled branching method was successfully used to thin the barrier layer of the AAO template. The nanostructures of the pores, the branched subpores, and the barrier layer in the AAO template were studied in association with the anodization process and barrier layer thinning methods. Results demonstrate the voltage-controlled branching method is a facile and effective way to thin the barrier layer. Uniform silver nanowires can be easily fabricated using alternating current (ac) electrodeposition into the pores of AAO after redressing the barrier layer.

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Wei, Wenpeng, Hideyuki Takahashi, Takahiro Uchiya, and Tetsuo Kinoshita. "Cooperation Protocol Design Method for Repository-Based Multi-Agent Applications." International Journal of Software Science and Computational Intelligence 5, no. 2 (April 2013): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijssci.2013040101.

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This paper proposes a cooperation protocol design method for repository-based multi-agent systems. The proposal aims to improve the efficiency of multi-agent system development by introducing reusable protocol templates. To achieve the decoupling of protocol templates and application domain processes, original protocol template representations are proposed. Moreover, a graphical design tool with automatic implementation functions of proposed protocol templates is developed to reduce the development cost of multi-agent systems. To validate the functionality and feasibility of the proposal, two disparate multi-agent based applications are developed using the proposed design method. The comparison with the reference implementation shows that applying proposal in practical application development reduces approximately 50% coding work.

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Zhang, Wenyang, Jialin Li, Haixia Chen, Huixin Jin, Pan Li, Youjian Zhang, Cheng Xu, Shimeng Zhao, Yiqun Du, and Jianxin Zhang. "Natural Template-Derived 3D Porous Current Collector for Dendrite-free Lithium Metal Battery." Nano 15, no. 03 (March 2020): 2050033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292020500332.

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Metallic lithium (Li) is an outstanding anode for high-energy storage devices, but dendrite growth impedes its practical application. Herein, similar to molding process of mooncake, a facile strategy of templated etching has been developed to manufacture three dimensional (3D) current collectors with hierarchical pore structures and biomimetic surfaces derived from natural templates. By using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as duplicate templates, 3D surface morphologies of natural surfaces can be printed on Cu foil, and the resuable templates facilitate mass production. By comparison, the 3D porous current collectors largely improve Li deposition behavior and suppress dendrite growth. They exhibit excellent electrochemical performances: high Coulombic efficiency (CE), long life spans of more than 1000[Formula: see text]h and good cycling performance. The templated etching method overcomes the energy/time-consuming disadvantages of past pore-creating methods and will boost the commercialization of lithium metal batteries.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Template Methode'

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