Journal articles: 'Temporal architecture'

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Beale, Di, Tom Cox, David Clarke, Claire Lawrence, and Phil Leather. "Temporal architecture of violent incidents." Journal of Occupational Health Psychology 3, no. 1 (1998): 65–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.3.1.65.

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Tsai, Jeffrey J. P., A. P. Sistla, Avinash Sahay, and Ray Paul. "Incremental Verification of Architecture Specification Language for Real-Time Systems." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 08, no. 03 (September 1998): 347–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194098000194.

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The concept of software architecture has recently emerged as a new way to improve our ability to effectively construct large scale software systems. However, there is no formal architecture specification language available to model and analyze temporal properties of complex real-time systems. In this paper, an object-oriented logic-based architecture specification language for real-time systems is discussed. Representation of the temporal properties and timing constraints, and their integration with the language to model real-time concurrent systems is given. Architecture based specification languages enable the construction of large system architectures and provide a means of testing and validation. In general, checking the timing constraints of real-time systems is done by applying model checking to the constraint expressed as a formula in temporal logic. The complexity of such a formal method depends on the size of the representation of the system. It is possible that this size could increase exponentially when the system consists of several concurrently executing real-time processes. This means that the complexity of the algorithm will be exponential in the number of processes of the system and thus the size of the system becomes a limiting factor. Such a problem has been defined in the literature as "state explosion problem". We propose a method of incremental verification of architectural specifications for real-time systems. The method has a lower complexity in a sense that it does not work on the whole state space, but only on a subset of it that is relevant to the property to be verified.

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Smitheram, Jan, and Akari Nakai Kidd. "On time within an architectural community." Time & Society 29, no. 1 (January 2, 2019): 5–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961463x18820737.

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The relation between time and architecture is well established and thoroughly explored in architectural discourse. Despite this, examination of social time has been lacking. This paper draws on a survey of 114 architects, academics and students who responded to general questions about practice and occupational wellbeing. A finding of this study was the diverse attachments that different groups in the architectural community have to the temporal norms and infrastructures of work and of studio. Based on this study, the paper demonstrates the heterogeneity that exists in architecture and how its temporal norms are negotiated. It concludes that exposing the heterogeneity of temporal experience across a discipline reminds us that the norms of time are negotiated. Moreover, the temporal experience of the everyday transcends the notion that architects passively ascribe to long-hours work culture.

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Carr, Andrew. "The quick and the dead: temporality, temporal structure, and the architectural chronotope." Architectural Research Quarterly 21, no. 2 (June 2017): 94–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135517000409.

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The concepts of succession and duration are used to identify different temporal aspects of architecture. Typically architecture that is based on duration seeks to persist unchanged within time whilst that based on succession engages with change, transience and rhythm. The organisation of succession and duration, according to different temporal structures, is used to inform a series of design studies. Structures relating to the weather, programmed and unconsidered use, clock time, mechanical time, circadian rhythms, entropy and space-time are examined in a discussion on the architectural chronotope which ‘artistically connects temporal and spatial relationships’.

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Lloyd, David, and Douglas B. Murray. "The temporal architecture of eukaryotic growth." FEBS Letters 580, no. 12 (March 3, 2006): 2830–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.febslet.2006.02.066.

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Ziegert, Steffen, and Heike Wehrheim. "Temporal plans for software architecture reconfiguration." Computer Science - Research and Development 30, no. 3-4 (July 2, 2014): 303–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00450-014-0259-7.

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Cowin, S. C., A. M. Sadegh, and G. M. Luo. "An Evolutionary Wolff’s Law for Trabecular Architecture." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 114, no. 1 (February 1, 1992): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2895436.

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A continuum model is proposed to describe the temporal evolution of both the density changes and the reorientation of the trabecular architecture given the applied stress state in the bone and certain material parameters of the bone. The data upon which the proposed model is to be based consist of experimentally determined remodeling rate coefficients and quantitative stereological and anisotropic elastic constant measurements of cancellous bone. The model shows that the system of differential equations governing the temporal changes in architecture is necessarily nonlinear. This nonlinearity is fundamental in that it stems from the fact that, during remodeling, the relationship between stress and strain is changing as the stress and strain variables themselves are changing. In order to preserve the remodeling property of the model, terms that are of the order strain times the changes in density and/or microstructural properties must be retained. If these terms were dropped, there would be no feedback mechanism for architectural adaptation and no adaptation of the trabecular architecture. There is, therefore, no linearized version of this model of the temporal evolution of trabecular architecture. An application of the model is illustrated by an example problem in which the temporal evolution of homogeneous trabecular architecture is predicted. A limitation of the proposed continuum model is the length scale below which it cannot be applied. The model cannot be applied in regions of cancellous bone where the trabecular bone architecture is relatively inhomogeneous or at a bone-implant interface.

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Chappelier, J. C., and A. Grumbach. "RST: A Connectionist Architecture to Deal with Spatiotemporal Relationships." Neural Computation 10, no. 4 (May 1, 1998): 883–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089976698300017548.

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In the past decade, connectionism has proved its efficiency in the field of static pattern recognition. The next challenge is to deal with spatiotemporal problems. This article presents a new connectionist architecture, RST (ŕeseau spatio temporel [spatio temporal network]), with such spatiotemporal capacities. It aims at taking into account at the architecture level both spatial relationships (e.g., as between neighboring pixels in an image) and temporal relationships (e.g., as between consecutive images in a video sequence). Concerning the spatial aspect, the network is embedded in actual space (two-or three-dimensional), the metrics of which directly influence its structure through a connection distribution function. For the temporal aspect, we looked toward biology and used a leaky-integrator neuron model with a refractory period and postsynaptic potentials. The propagation of activity by spatiotemporal synchronized waves enables RST to perform motion detection and localization in sequences of video images.

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Tragbar, Klaus. "Heinrich Klotz und die architectura – und was in 50 Jahren aus ihr wurde." architectura 50, no. 1-2 (November 25, 2022): 10–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/atc-2020-1004.

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Abstract In 1971, Heinrich Klotz, who had returned from a stay as a visiting professor at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut, founded architectura. Zeitschrift für Geschichte der Baukunst/Journal of the History of Architecture with the financial support of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG). Klotz experiments with different formats of essays but retires as editor in 1976. Under subsequent editors, architectura continues to develop into the leading journal for the history of architecture, whose essays are not subject to any temporal or local limitations and reflect the entire breadth of research in the history of architecture.

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Wang, Yong Hui, Huan Liang Sun, and Jing Ke Xu. "Architecture of RFID Spatio-Temporal Data Management." Advanced Materials Research 314-316 (August 2011): 2425–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.314-316.2425.

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With the development of RFID technology, we can identify, locate, track and monitor items in supply chain, retail store, and asset management applications. RFID has become a key technology in the Internet of Things. But RFID data can’t be effectively managed by only using traditional data model because they have their own unique characteristics, such as aggregation, location, temporal and history-oriented, which have to be fully considered and integrated into the data model. Therefore, the architecture of RFID spatio-temporal data management is proposed in this paper. We provide a brief overview of RFID technology and highlight a few of the spatio-temporal data management challenges, such as RFID middleware, RFID event processing, In-memory cache.

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Zyarah, Abdullah M., and Dhireesha Kudithipudi. "Neuromorphic Architecture for the Hierarchical Temporal Memory." IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computational Intelligence 3, no. 1 (February 2019): 4–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tetci.2018.2850314.

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Vaisman, Alejandro A., Adrian Izquierdo, and Marcelo Ktenas. "A web-based architecture for Temporal OLAP." International Journal of Web Engineering and Technology 4, no. 4 (2008): 465. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijwet.2008.019944.

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Zhong, Sheng-hua, Jiaxin Wu, and Jianmin Jiang. "Video summarization via spatio-temporal deep architecture." Neurocomputing 332 (March 2019): 224–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2018.12.040.

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Hook, Martyn. "The Affirmative Qualities of a Temporal Architecture." Architectural Design 85, no. 3 (April 10, 2015): 118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ad.1910.

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Kvet, Michal, Emil Kršák, and Karol Matiaško. "Study on Effective Temporal Data Retrieval Leveraging Complex Indexed Architecture." Applied Sciences 11, no. 3 (January 20, 2021): 916. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11030916.

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Current intelligent information systems require complex database approaches managing and monitoring data in a spatio-temporal manner. Many times, the core of the temporal system element is created on the relational platform. In this paper, a summary of the temporal architectures with regards to the granularity level is proposed. Object, attribute, and synchronization group perspectives are discussed. An extension of the group temporal architecture shifting the processing in the spatio-temporal level synchronization is proposed. A data reflection model is proposed to cover the transaction integrity with reflection to the data model evolving over time. It is supervised by our own Extended Temporal Log Ahead Rule, evaluating not only collisions themselves, but the data model is reflected, as well. The main emphasis is on the data retrieval process and indexing with regards to the non-reliable data. Undefined value categorization supervised by the NULL_representation data dictionary object and memory pointer layer is provided. Therefore, undefined (NULL) values can be part of the index structure. The definition and selection of the technology of the master index is proposed and discussed. It allows the index to be used as a way to identify blocks with relevant data, which is of practical importance in temporal systems where data fragmentation often occurs. The last part deals with the syntax of the Select statement extension covering temporal environment with regards on the conventional syntax reflection. Event_definition, spatial_positions, model_reflection, consistency_model, epsilon_definition, monitored_data_set, type_of_granularity, and NULL_category clauses are introduced. Impact on the performance of the data manipulation operations is evaluated in the performance section highlighting temporal architectures, Insert, Update and Select statements forming core performance characteristics.

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FU, YUJIAN, ZHIJIANG DONG, and XUDONG HE. "A TRANSLATOR OF SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE DESIGN FROM SAM TO JAVA." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 17, no. 06 (December 2007): 709–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194007003483.

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A software architecture design has many benefits including aiding comprehension, supporting early analysis, and providing guidance for subsequent development activities. An additional major benefit is if a partial prototype implementation can be automatically generated from a given software architecture design. However, in the past decade less progress was made on automatically realizing software architecture designs. In this paper, we present a translator for automatically generating an implementation from a software architectural description. The implementation not only captures the functionality of the given architecture description, but also contains additional monitoring code for ensuring desirable behavior properties through runtime verification. Our method takes a software description written in SAM, a software architecture model integrating dual formal methods Petri nets and temporal logic, and generates ArchJava/Java/AspectJ code. More specifically, the structure of a SAM architecture description produces ArchJava code, the behavior models of components/connectors represented in Petri nets lead to plain Java code, and the property specifications defined in temporal logic generate AspectJ code; the above code segments are then integrated into Java code. An experimental result is provided.

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Crandall, Jedidiah R., Gary Wassermann, Daniela A. S. de Oliveira, Zhendong Su, S. Felix Wu, and Frederic T. Chong. "Temporal search." ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review 40, no. 5 (October 20, 2006): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1168917.1168862.

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Liu, Zhaoyang, Donghao Luo, Yabiao Wang, Limin Wang, Ying Tai, Chengjie Wang, Jilin Li, Feiyue Huang, and Tong Lu. "TEINet: Towards an Efficient Architecture for Video Recognition." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 07 (April 3, 2020): 11669–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i07.6836.

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Efficiency is an important issue in designing video architectures for action recognition. 3D CNNs have witnessed remarkable progress in action recognition from videos. However, compared with their 2D counterparts, 3D convolutions often introduce a large amount of parameters and cause high computational cost. To relieve this problem, we propose an efficient temporal module, termed as Temporal Enhancement-and-Interaction (TEI Module), which could be plugged into the existing 2D CNNs (denoted by TEINet). The TEI module presents a different paradigm to learn temporal features by decoupling the modeling of channel correlation and temporal interaction. First, it contains a Motion Enhanced Module (MEM) which is to enhance the motion-related features while suppress irrelevant information (e.g., background). Then, it introduces a Temporal Interaction Module (TIM) which supplements the temporal contextual information in a channel-wise manner. This two-stage modeling scheme is not only able to capture temporal structure flexibly and effectively, but also efficient for model inference. We conduct extensive experiments to verify the effectiveness of TEINet on several benchmarks (e.g., Something-Something V1&V2, Kinetics, UCF101 and HMDB51). Our proposed TEINet can achieve a good recognition accuracy on these datasets but still preserve a high efficiency.

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Liu, Li Chang, Jong Chih Chien, and Yu Wei Hsu. "A Generalized Frame-Level FSBM FLSA Architecture." Applied Mechanics and Materials 284-287 (January 2013): 2915–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.284-287.2915.

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Block-based motion estimation plays important roles in video applications such as video compression to detect movements as well as remove temporal redundancies between successive frames. Full-search block-matching (FSBM) is the preferred algorithm for accurate motion estimation. Frame-level pipelined systolic array (FLSA) FSBM architectures have advantages over block-level pipelined architectures in their simpler control and reduced number of memory accesses. In this paper, a frame-level pipelined FSBM motion estimation architecture using array processor for any square, N×N, block size is presented in full detail.

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Quintus, Seth, Jennifer Huebert, Stephanie Day, Noa Lincoln, Kyungsoo Yoo, Tiffany Lee, Darby Filimoehala, and Dolly Autufuga. "TEMPO AND TRAJECTORY OF THE BUILT LANDSCAPE ON TA‘Ū ISLAND, MANU‘A GROUP, AMERICAN SĀMOA: INTEGRATING EXTENSIVE RADIOCARBON DATING WITH JOINT POSTERIOR MODELING." Radiocarbon 62, no. 5 (July 20, 2020): 1317–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rdc.2020.60.

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ABSTRACTStone and earthen architecture is nearly ubiquitous in the archaeological record of Pacific islands. The construction of this architecture is tied to a range of socio-political processes, and the temporal patterning of these features is useful for understanding the rate at which populations grew, innovation occurred, and social inequality emerged. Unfortunately, this temporal patterning is poorly understood for many areas of the region, including the Sāmoan archipelago. Here, we describe a project directed toward establishing a robust chronology for the construction of these earthen and stone terraces and linear mounds on Ta‘ū Island. Using recent methodological improvements, we highlight the tempo at which different architectural types were constructed on the island and the implications for understanding demographic expansion and changing land tenure practices in the last 1500 years. This research suggests the construction of architecture was largely confined to the 2nd millennium AD with a small number of terraces plausibly built in the 1st millennium AD. This temporal patterning suggests that a reconfiguration of settlement patterns occurred within West Polynesia as people there moved into other regions of Oceania.

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Šuvaković, Miško. "Fundamental issues and indices: Aesthetics of architecture." SAJ - Serbian Architectural Journal 9, no. 2 (2017): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/saj1702105q.

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The author asks the fundamental questions on aesthetics of architecture. Architecture, as the strategic dispositive of a building, and urbanism, as the strategic dispositive of a city, transform the spatial (geographic) and temporal (historical) condition into the dispositive of a form of life whereby we process ourselves as human individuals and communities of people in our spatiotemporal phenomenality at a given point in time. It is therefore necessary to politicise the different aspects of engineering-architectural and artistic-architectural practice. That means showing where the organisation of living space confronts the organisation of individual and collective forms of life. The politics of architecture is anthropologised and that means that architects/city planners work to orient architecture toward the object or relationship of objects that intervene in human life in its everyday flexible and complex intimate, private, and public appearance.

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Khalifa, Khaled Ben, Ahmed Ghazi Blaiech, Mehdi Abadi, and Mohamed Hedi Bedoui. "New Hardware Architecture for Self-Organizing Map Used for Color Vector Quantization." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 29, no. 01 (March 15, 2019): 2050002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126620500024.

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In this paper, we present a new generic architectural approach of a Self-Organizing Map (SOM). The proposed architecture, called the Diagonal-SOM (D-SOM), is described as an Hardware–Description-Language as an intellectual property kernel with easily adjustable parameters.The D-SOM architecture is based on a generic formalism that exploits two levels of the nested parallelism of neurons and connections. This solution is therefore considered as a system based on the cooperation of a distributed set of independent computations. The organization and structure of these calculations process an oriented data flow in order to find a better treatment distribution between different neuroprocessors. To validate the D-SOM architecture, we evaluate the performance of several SOM network architectures after their integration on a Xilinx Virtex-7 Field Programmable Gate Array support. The proposed solution allows the easy adaptation of learning to a large number of SOM topologies without any considerable design effort. [Formula: see text] SOM hardware is validated through FPGA implementation, where temporal performance is almost twice as fast as that obtained in the recent literature. The suggested D-SOM architecture is also validated through simulation on variable-sized SOM networks applied to color vector quantization.

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Chandrasekaran, V., M. Palaniswami, and T. M. Caelli. "Spatio-temporal feature maps using gated neuronal architecture." IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks 6, no. 5 (1995): 1119–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/72.410356.

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Jones, Paul. "Architecture, Time, and Cultural Politics." Cultural Sociology 14, no. 1 (March 2020): 61–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1749975520905416.

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Architecture is inextricably entangled with time. Illustrating this point, the article explores two moments of architectural production centred on London in the mid-19th century: the ‘Battle of the Styles’, a struggle over the social meaning of historicist architectural design and its suitability for state-funded public buildings; and the proto-modernist Crystal Palace, which housed the Great Exhibition of 1851. While ostensibly involving different cultural orientations to pasts-presents-futures, both cases reflect how political claims can involve the mobilisation of temporalised architectural forms. The general contention is that architecture is a culturally experimental space through which nation-states and architects seek to orientate otherwise abstracted notions of temporality. While there is no straightforward or singular correspondence between temporality and architectural sites, the built environment is pushed and pulled by states’ politicised claims regarding time and temporality. Architecture always involves the materialisation of particular and partial visions of the world as is, as was, and as could be; temporal registers in the built environment involve the stabilisation of some ways of being and the displacement of others. The political basis of these processes can be illuminated sociologically.

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Yuan, Yunfeng, Wenzhu Yang, Zifei Luo, and Ruru Gou. "Temporal Context Modeling Network with Local-Global Complementary Architecture for Temporal Proposal Generation." Electronics 11, no. 17 (August 26, 2022): 2674. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11172674.

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Temporal Action Proposal Generation (TAPG) is a promising but challenging task with a wide range of practical applications. Although state-of-the-art methods have made significant progress in TAPG, most ignore the impact of the temporal scales of action and lack the exploitation of effective boundary contexts. In this paper, we propose a simple but effective unified framework named Temporal Context Modeling Network (TCMNet) that generates temporal action proposals. TCMNet innovatively uses convolutional filters with different dilation rates to address the temporal scale issue. Specifically, TCMNet contains a BaseNet with dilated convolutions (DBNet), an Action Completeness Module (ACM), and a Temporal Boundary Generator (TBG). The DBNet aims to model temporal information. It handles input video features through different dilated convolutional layers and outputs a feature sequence as the input of ACM and TBG. The ACM aims to evaluate the confidence scores of densely distributed proposals. The TBG is designed to enrich the boundary context of an action instance. The TBG can generate action boundaries with high precision and high recall through a local–global complementary structure. We conduct comprehensive evaluations on two challenging video benchmarks: ActivityNet-1.3 and THUMOS14. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed TCMNet on tasks of temporal action proposal generation and temporal action detection.

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Andjelkovic, Katarina. "Logistic architecture as new methodological and theoretical construct." Facta universitatis - series: Architecture and Civil Engineering 15, no. 3 (2017): 439–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuace161015034a.

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The primary discussion of spatial organization that includes the analysis of the impact of logistics processes on flexibility, the transformability of spatial solutions and the transparency of space, has not been able to provide the theoretical and methodological interpretation of their spatio-temporal flow. This paper will point out the modalities of ?logistic architecture? production that break the design process tradition, as it turned out as unable to support creativity-based modes of reception of architectural ideas. The introduction of the ?logistic architecture? concept announces a new methodological and theoretical approach to the spatial syntheses of different processes in a building, aimed at achieving optimal spatio-temporal conditioning by the logistics system in relation to the use of creative strategy, as a part of the urban renovation. As my research field, this research observed the comparative flow of produced vehicles from the factory end line to the multi-story parking structures within two factories: Fiat Factory in Kragujevac, Serbia and Volkswagen Transparent Factory in Dresden, Germany.

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Rudy Trisno, Denny Husin, Fermanto Lianto, Christiana Erika Hartoyo, and Mieke Choandi. "Transformation of tent architecture hybrid into the raincoat." Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Advances 13, no. 2 (November 30, 2022): 019–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gjeta.2022.13.2.0190.

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Tent architecture is used in disaster conditions and emergencies, but in this millennium era, it is not only a disaster condition but as a glamping tent or glamorous camping. This writing aims to produce a hybrid architecture, a prediction of the needs of Generation Z for temporary space. The research method is qualitative interpretive, shaping the architectural space interpreted as experimentation to build a wearable shelter which includes; 1). The temporal space of the Millennial generation; 2). Portable architecture; 3). Typology of portable tents; 4). The ideal tent. The result is a nomadic space intended to support the productivity and self-expression of a new generation, which heeds global concerns for health and the environment while engendering a new informality. The findings of this study are the transformation of architectural hybrids from tents to raincoats for the millennial generation.

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NEUMAN, ERAN. "Types of Architectural Emergence." Theatre Research International 34, no. 2 (July 2009): 200–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307883309004568.

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This paper presents two methods of architectural conception and articulation based on the idea of type. One method conceives of architecture as a predetermined entity, claiming that architecture has a plan, a programme that determines its emergence based on a specific type prior to its coming into being. The other method, based on digital design processes and genetic algorithms, focuses on the procedures of architectural becoming. The essay claims that while the latter method attempts to release the emergence of the architectural entity from predetermined formal or functional typological definitions, it in fact suggests new ways of defining the historical idea of architectural types. Based on genotypic and phenotypic procedures, the latter method bases the evolution of the architectural type on predetermined typological information, yet at the same time it allows the emergence of the architectural entity as part of undetermined flows. As such, it proposes a new temporal structure in architecture – one that is based on flows and motions.

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Rezaei, Reza, Behzad Naderalvojoud, and Gülen Güllü. "A Comparative Study of Deep Learning Models on Tropospheric Ozone Forecasting Using Feature Engineering Approach." Atmosphere 14, no. 2 (January 25, 2023): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos14020239.

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This paper investigates the effect of the architectural design of deep learning models in combination with a feature engineering approach considering the temporal variation of the features in the case of tropospheric ozone forecasting. Although deep neural network models have shown successful results by extracting features automatically from raw data, their performance in the domain of air quality forecasting is influenced by different feature analysis approaches and model architectures. This paper proposes a simple but effective analysis of tropospheric ozone time series data that can reveal temporal phases of the ozone evolution process and assist neural network models to reflect these temporal variations. We demonstrate that addressing the ozone evolution phases when developing the model architecture improves the performance of deep neural network models. As a result, we evaluated our approach on the CNN model and showed that not only it improves the performance of the CNN model, but also the CNN model in combination with our approach boosts the performance of the other deep neural network models such as LSTM. Development of the CNN, LSTM-CNN, and CNN-LSTM models using the proposed approach improved the prediction performance of the models by 3.58%, 1.68%, and 3.37%, respectively.

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Vinayakumar, R., K. P. Soman, and Prabaharan Poornachandran. "Evaluation of Recurrent Neural Network and its Variants for Intrusion Detection System (IDS)." International Journal of Information System Modeling and Design 8, no. 3 (July 2017): 43–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijismd.2017070103.

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This article describes how sequential data modeling is a relevant task in Cybersecurity. Sequences are attributed temporal characteristics either explicitly or implicitly. Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are a subset of artificial neural networks (ANNs) which have appeared as a powerful, principle approach to learn dynamic temporal behaviors in an arbitrary length of large-scale sequence data. Furthermore, stacked recurrent neural networks (S-RNNs) have the potential to learn complex temporal behaviors quickly, including sparse representations. To leverage this, the authors model network traffic as a time series, particularly transmission control protocol / internet protocol (TCP/IP) packets in a predefined time range with a supervised learning method, using millions of known good and bad network connections. To find out the best architecture, the authors complete a comprehensive review of various RNN architectures with its network parameters and network structures. Ideally, as a test bed, they use the existing benchmark Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency / Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (DARPA) / (KDD) Cup ‘99' intrusion detection (ID) contest data set to show the efficacy of these various RNN architectures. All the experiments of deep learning architectures are run up to 1000 epochs with a learning rate in the range [0.01-0.5] on a GPU-enabled TensorFlow and experiments of traditional machine learning algorithms are done using Scikit-learn. Experiments of families of RNN architecture achieved a low false positive rate in comparison to the traditional machine learning classifiers. The primary reason is that RNN architectures are able to store information for long-term dependencies over time-lags and to adjust with successive connection sequence information. In addition, the effectiveness of RNN architectures are shown for the UNSW-NB15 data set.

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Kalashnikov, Antony. "Historicist Architecture and Stalinist Futurity." Slavic Review 79, no. 3 (2020): 591–612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/slr.2020.159.

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Architectural practice in the Stalinist USSR saw the sudden and rapid revival of historical forms and styles. One approach interprets this development as part of a reactionary shift in Soviet temporal culture, a “Great Retreat” across all spheres of social and political life. The rival conception sees in historicism an aesthetic of “timelessness” and “perfection,” which expressed Stalinism's self-characterization as an eternal, utopian present. This paper presents a third perspective, arguing that the revival of historicism stemmed, paradoxically, from a future-oriented impulse. This revolved around the charge that Stalinist architecture “immortalize the memory” of the era, to ensure posterity's gratitude and admiration. Accordingly, Stalinist architects drew upon supposedly enduring historical styles, which they expected to remain understandable to future generations. Further, time-tested traditional materials, forms, and decorative mediums were employed to ensure the physical durability of Stalinist architectural monuments. The paper concludes by situating this logic in the global context of interwar monumental architecture and considering some implications for our understanding of Stalinist temporality.

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Ferreira, Ailton Silva, and Gabriel Riso Oliveira. "Business process modeling: A webibliominig perspective of architecture frameworks." Independent Journal of Management & Production 10, no. 3 (June 1, 2019): 1159. http://dx.doi.org/10.14807/ijmp.v10i3.886.

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In the perspective of organizational context, the present paper deals with the different types of architecture of BPM. As objectives, it is proposed to formulate a conceptual comparative view of the main architectures present in the scientific literature. As for the methodology, bibliographical and webibliomining research are employed in a qualitative and quantitative approach to the subject. As a result, the comparative view of the UML, BPMN, CIMOSA, IDEF, ARIS, IEM, GRAI, GERAM and EKD architectures is developed, in terms of temporal aspects, socio-technical characteristics, visualization and analysis, among other factors which offers substantial argument to decide what framework is better in each scenario.

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Andrade-Ambriz, Yair A., Sergio Ledesma, Mario-Alberto Ibarra-Manzano, Marvella I. Oros-Flores, and Dora-Luz Almanza-Ojeda. "Human activity recognition using temporal convolutional neural network architecture." Expert Systems with Applications 191 (April 2022): 116287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2021.116287.

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Menzies, M. A. "Plate Tectonics and Lithosphere Architecture: Temporal and Spatial Consequences." Mineralogical Magazine 58A, no. 2 (1994): 595–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1994.58a.2.46.

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Liu, Zhi, Fiona R. Stirling, and Jun Zhu. "Temporal Quorum-Sensing Induction Regulates Vibrio cholerae Biofilm Architecture." Infection and Immunity 75, no. 1 (October 30, 2006): 122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.01190-06.

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ABSTRACT Vibrio cholerae, the pathogen that causes cholera, also survives in aqueous reservoirs, probably in the form of biofilms. Quorum sensing negatively regulates V. cholerae biofilm formation through HapR, whose expression is induced at a high cell density. In this study, we show that the concentration of the quorum-sensing signal molecule CAI-1 is higher in biofilms than in planktonic cultures. By measuring hapR expression and activity, we found that the induction of quorum sensing in biofilm-associated cells occurs earlier. We further demonstrate that the timing of hapR expression is crucial for biofilm thickness, biofilm detachment rates, and intestinal colonization efficiency. These results suggest that V. cholerae is able to regulate its biofilm architecture by temporal induction of quorum-sensing systems.

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Obermaisser, R. "Temporal Partitioning of Communication Resources in an Integrated Architecture." IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing 5, no. 2 (April 2008): 99–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tdsc.2007.70232.

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Schwartze, Michael, and Sonja A. Kotz. "A dual-pathway neural architecture for specific temporal prediction." Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 37, no. 10 (December 2013): 2587–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.08.005.

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Guo, Ge, and Tianqi Zhang. "A residual spatio-temporal architecture for travel demand forecasting." Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies 115 (June 2020): 102639. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2020.102639.

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Andjelkovic, Katarina. "Temporal relay in discussing the cinematic encounters with architecture." Arhitektura i urbanizam, no. 41 (2015): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/a-u0-9405.

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Do, Nhu-Tai, Soo-Hyung Kim, Hyung-Jeong Yang, Guee-Sang Lee, and Soonja Yeom. "Context-Aware Emotion Recognition in the Wild Using Spatio-Temporal and Temporal-Pyramid Models." Sensors 21, no. 7 (March 27, 2021): 2344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21072344.

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Emotion recognition plays an important role in human–computer interactions. Recent studies have focused on video emotion recognition in the wild and have run into difficulties related to occlusion, illumination, complex behavior over time, and auditory cues. State-of-the-art methods use multiple modalities, such as frame-level, spatiotemporal, and audio approaches. However, such methods have difficulties in exploiting long-term dependencies in temporal information, capturing contextual information, and integrating multi-modal information. In this paper, we introduce a multi-modal flexible system for video-based emotion recognition in the wild. Our system tracks and votes on significant faces corresponding to persons of interest in a video to classify seven basic emotions. The key contribution of this study is that it proposes the use of face feature extraction with context-aware and statistical information for emotion recognition. We also build two model architectures to effectively exploit long-term dependencies in temporal information with a temporal-pyramid model and a spatiotemporal model with “Conv2D+LSTM+3DCNN+Classify” architecture. Finally, we propose the best selection ensemble to improve the accuracy of multi-modal fusion. The best selection ensemble selects the best combination from spatiotemporal and temporal-pyramid models to achieve the best accuracy for classifying the seven basic emotions. In our experiment, we take benchmark measurement on the AFEW dataset with high accuracy.

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Bizio, Krzysztof. "EVOLUTION OF FORM IN AVANTGARDE CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE IN THE CONTEXT OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION PROCESSES." Space&FORM 2020, no. 50 (June 30, 2022): 79–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.21005/pif.2022.50.b-02.

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The subject of this paper is an analysis of the impact of public participation on the form of contemporary architecture. A division into three basic stylistic-temporal trajectories was made, distinguished based on design methodology that includes participation: late Modernism, Postmodernism, and participative architecture of the early twenty-first century. Based on an analysis of theoretical texts and selected structures, distinctive features of a given period were identified. The study resulted in an identification of major tendencies that document changes in architectural forms stemming from a diverse range of design methodologies that feature participation.

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Lovén, Lauri, Tero Lähderanta, Leena Ruha, Ella Peltonen, Ilkka Launonen, Mikko J. Sillanpää, Jukka Riekki, and Susanna Pirttikangas. "EDISON: An Edge-Native Method and Architecture for Distributed Interpolation." Sensors 21, no. 7 (March 24, 2021): 2279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21072279.

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Spatio-temporal interpolation provides estimates of observations in unobserved locations and time slots. In smart cities, interpolation helps to provide a fine-grained contextual and situational understanding of the urban environment, in terms of both short-term (e.g., weather, air quality, traffic) or long term (e.g., crime, demographics) spatio-temporal phenomena. Various initiatives improve spatio-temporal interpolation results by including additional data sources such as vehicle-fitted sensors, mobile phones, or micro weather stations of, for example, smart homes. However, the underlying computing paradigm in such initiatives is predominantly centralized, with all data collected and analyzed in the cloud. This solution is not scalable, as when the spatial and temporal density of sensor data grows, the required transmission bandwidth and computational capacity become unfeasible. To address the scaling problem, we propose EDISON: algorithms for distributed learning and inference, and an edge-native architecture for distributing spatio-temporal interpolation models, their computations, and the observed data vertically and horizontally between device, edge and cloud layers. We demonstrate EDISON functionality in a controlled, simulated spatio-temporal setup with 1 M artificial data points. While the main motivation of EDISON is the distribution of the heavy computations, the results show that EDISON also provides an improvement over alternative approaches, reaching at best a 10% smaller RMSE than a global interpolation and 6% smaller RMSE than a baseline distributed approach.

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Blatová, Barbora, Karol Zeleník, Martin Formánek, Štefan Reguli, Pavla Hanzlíková, Mária Wozniaková, and Pavel Komínek. "Temporal bone meningioma." Otorinolaryngologie a foniatrie 70, no. 1 (March 20, 2021): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.48095/ccorl202122.

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The aim of this case report is to discuss a very rare pathology – temporal bone meningioma. The extracranial location of meningiomas and temporal bone meningioma is a very rare condition. The symptomatology of temporal bone meningiomas is nonspecific, imitating chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma. However, temporal bone meningioma has a distinctive image on computed tomography. There is a change in the architecture without bone destruction that should be known by otorhinolaryngologist and radiologist. Magnetic resonance paging should be performed when temporal bone meningioma is suspected. The management of temporal bone meningiomas depends on a variety of factors. The most common therapy includes a combination of neurosurgical and otological surgery. There are also alternatives like stereotactic irradiation.

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Yurieva, A. V. "The Problem of Temporality in the Architectural Heritage." Discourse 6, no. 5 (November 30, 2020): 16–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32603/2412-8562-2020-6-5-16-28.

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Introduction. As a spatial art, architecture is related to the past, the present and, thanks to its monumentality, is fixed in the foreseeable future. As the history of the study of the categories of space and time in the history of philosophy and science shows us, it is possible to obtain significant results only in the process of their synthetic study. In contemporary studies on the philosophy of architecture we most often encounter close attention to the category of space, which is quite natural. However, the category of temporality is no less important for understanding the architectural heritage.Methodology and sources. The methodological basis of the work is historical, cultural, and semiotic analysis. The main approach is interdisciplinary. The sources used were philosophical texts related to the problem of time (P. P. Gaidenko, V. I. Ukolova, A. Ya. Gurevich, A. N. Loy, K. N. Pavlyuts, V. N. Finogentov), theoretical works on architecture (A. V. Nekrasov, K. Nornberg-Schultz, N. A. Ladovsky, Z. Gidion, A. Rappoport), as well as materials in which architects reveal the essence and specifics of their professional activities (R. Bofill, D. Libeskind).Results and discussion. In philosophy, temporality is understood as a collective concept that includes several components. The results of the study are the following conclusions: for the perception of architectural space, the temporal characteristics of both the object and the subject are important; the concept of historical memory contained in the heritage of architecture must be approached as carefully as possible; in temple architecture, through the stability of spatial solutions, the temporal characteristics of the object are preserved; at transitional moments of time, there is often a change in style and its temporal characteristics.Conclusion. Along with the category of space, the category of time in architecture is essential, and should not be of secondary importance in the analysis, development, renovation or preservation of any buildings. The history of architecture shows us the depth and complexity of the category of temporality at different levels. It turns out to be promising to study this problem in an interdisciplinary approach, since it is no longer enough to research it only from the point of view of objectively real forms of existence of matter. There is a need to consider it from the point of view of philosophical and socio-cultural interpretation.

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El-Hokayem, Antoine, Marius Bozga, and Joseph Sifakis. "A framework for the specification and validation of dynamic reconfigurable systems." ACM SIGAPP Applied Computing Review 21, no. 2 (June 2021): 18–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3477127.3477129.

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We study a framework for the specification and validation of dynamic reconfigurable systems. The framework is based on configuration logic for the description of architecture styles which are families of architectures sharing common connectivity features. We express specifications in the Temporal Configuration Logic (TCL), a linear time temporal logic built from atomic formulas characterizing system configurations and temporal modalities. Two non-trivial benchmarks are introduced to show the adequacy of TCL for the specification of dynamic reconfigurable systems. We study an effective model-checking procedure based on SMT techniques for a non-trivial fragment of TCL which has been implemented in a prototype runtime verification tool. We provide preliminary experimental results illustrating the capabilities of the tool on the considered benchmark systems.

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Sun, Rui, Qiheng Huang, Miaomiao Xia, and Jun Zhang. "Video-Based Person Re-Identification by an End-To-End Learning Architecture with Hybrid Deep Appearance-Temporal Feature." Sensors 18, no. 11 (October 29, 2018): 3669. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18113669.

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Video-based person re-identification is an important task with the challenges of lighting variation, low-resolution images, background clutter, occlusion, and human appearance similarity in the multi-camera visual sensor networks. In this paper, we propose a video-based person re-identification method called the end-to-end learning architecture with hybrid deep appearance-temporal feature. It can learn the appearance features of pivotal frames, the temporal features, and the independent distance metric of different features. This architecture consists of two-stream deep feature structure and two Siamese networks. For the first-stream structure, we propose the Two-branch Appearance Feature (TAF) sub-structure to obtain the appearance information of persons, and used one of the two Siamese networks to learn the similarity of appearance features of a pairwise person. To utilize the temporal information, we designed the second-stream structure that consisting of the Optical flow Temporal Feature (OTF) sub-structure and another Siamese network, to learn the person’s temporal features and the distances of pairwise features. In addition, we select the pivotal frames of video as inputs to the Inception-V3 network on the Two-branch Appearance Feature sub-structure, and employ the salience-learning fusion layer to fuse the learned global and local appearance features. Extensive experimental results on the PRID2011, iLIDS-VID, and Motion Analysis and Re-identification Set (MARS) datasets showed that the respective proposed architectures reached 79%, 59% and 72% at Rank-1 and had advantages over state-of-the-art algorithms. Meanwhile, it also improved the feature representation ability of persons.

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Lee, Yong Joon, Jun Wook Lee, Duck Jin Chai, Bu Hyun Hwang, and Keun Ho Ryu. "Mining temporal interval relational rules from temporal data." Journal of Systems and Software 82, no. 1 (January 2009): 155–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2008.07.037.

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Leong, Mei Chee, Dilip K. Prasad, Yong Tsui Lee, and Feng Lin. "Semi-CNN Architecture for Effective Spatio-Temporal Learning in Action Recognition." Applied Sciences 10, no. 2 (January 12, 2020): 557. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10020557.

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This paper introduces a fusion convolutional architecture for efficient learning of spatio-temporal features in video action recognition. Unlike 2D convolutional neural networks (CNNs), 3D CNNs can be applied directly on consecutive frames to extract spatio-temporal features. The aim of this work is to fuse the convolution layers from 2D and 3D CNNs to allow temporal encoding with fewer parameters than 3D CNNs. We adopt transfer learning from pre-trained 2D CNNs for spatial extraction, followed by temporal encoding, before connecting to 3D convolution layers at the top of the architecture. We construct our fusion architecture, semi-CNN, based on three popular models: VGG-16, ResNets and DenseNets, and compare the performance with their corresponding 3D models. Our empirical results evaluated on the action recognition dataset UCF-101 demonstrate that our fusion of 1D, 2D and 3D convolutions outperforms its 3D model of the same depth, with fewer parameters and reduces overfitting. Our semi-CNN architecture achieved an average of 16–30% boost in the top-1 accuracy when evaluated on an input video of 16 frames.

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He, Dongliang, Zhichao Zhou, Chuang Gan, Fu Li, Xiao Liu, Yandong Li, Limin Wang, and Shilei Wen. "StNet: Local and Global Spatial-Temporal Modeling for Action Recognition." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (July 17, 2019): 8401–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33018401.

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Despite the success of deep learning for static image understanding, it remains unclear what are the most effective network architectures for spatial-temporal modeling in videos. In this paper, in contrast to the existing CNN+RNN or pure 3D convolution based approaches, we explore a novel spatialtemporal network (StNet) architecture for both local and global modeling in videos. Particularly, StNet stacks N successive video frames into a super-image which has 3N channels and applies 2D convolution on super-images to capture local spatial-temporal relationship. To model global spatialtemporal structure, we apply temporal convolution on the local spatial-temporal feature maps. Specifically, a novel temporal Xception block is proposed in StNet, which employs a separate channel-wise and temporal-wise convolution over the feature sequence of a video. Extensive experiments on the Kinetics dataset demonstrate that our framework outperforms several state-of-the-art approaches in action recognition and can strike a satisfying trade-off between recognition accuracy and model complexity. We further demonstrate the generalization performance of the leaned video representations on the UCF101 dataset.

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Adams, Roderick, and Lucy Marlor. "Breaking the Binary Oppositions of the Interior: A Momentary Permanence." Interiority 2, no. 2 (July 30, 2019): 113–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.7454/in.v2i2.58.

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The previously static view of the interior is changing, as social, economic and cultural factors produce a new requirement for building flexibility and potentially forcing a change to the normal spatial paradigms. There is an emerging altered dynamic between building, interior and user, posing the question – when does architecture become the interior? Conceptions of the future interior give renewed focus to the more flexible void space, over the opposing static architectural shell. By adjusting the realms of contact within a space and limiting the influence of architecture, the user is re-envisioned as a central adjudicator of spatial experience. Provocatively, conceiving the interior as a more temporal or fluid entity, we may liberate its relationship with its immovable and constant architectural keeper. This paper will argue the dynamic city structure is driving a new conception of the interior and its place within society and architecture.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Temporal architecture'

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