Journal articles: 'Temporal cavities'

1

Fry, Edward S., Joe Musser, George W. Kattawar, and Peng-Wang Zhai. "Integrating cavities: temporal response." Applied Optics 45, no. 36 (December 20, 2006): 9053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.45.009053.

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Youngs, Robin. "Temporal bone histopathology of open mastoidectomy cavities." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 107, no. 6 (June 1993): 569–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100123734.

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Open cavity mastoidectomy remains the principle surgical treatment of middle ear cholesteatoma in the United Kingdom. A significant proportion of mastoid cavities are prone to intermittent or continuous discharge.In this study the temporal bone histopathology of four patients who had undergone open cavity mastoidectomy is presented. Cavities were predominantly lined with stratified keratinizing squamous epithelium. Residual air cells were obliterated by fibrous tissue, with no evidence of persistent respiratory epithelium. Where inflammatory changes were found, these consisted of areas of granulation tissue in association with epithelial ulceration. Residual cholesteatoma pearls (epidermoids) were not associated with significant inflammatory changes.

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Tucker, Paul G. "TEMPORAL BEHAVIOR OF FLOW IN ROTATING CAVITIES." Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A: Applications 41, no. 6-7 (May 2002): 611–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/104077802317418241.

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Lilienfein, N., C. Hofer, M. Högner, T. Saule, M. Trubetskov, V. Pervak, E. Fill, et al. "Temporal solitons in free-space femtosecond enhancement cavities." Nature Photonics 13, no. 3 (January 21, 2019): 214–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41566-018-0341-y.

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Rosanov, Nikolay N., George B. Sochilin, Vera D. Vinokurova, and Nina V. Vysotina. "Spatial and temporal structures in cavities with oscillating boundaries." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 372, no. 2027 (October 28, 2014): 20140012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2014.0012.

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We review the general features of particles, waves and solitons in dynamical cavities formed by oscillating cavity mirrors. Considered are the dynamics of classical particles in one-dimensional geometry of a dynamical billiard, taking into account the non-elastic collisions of particles with mirrors, the (quasi-energy) states of a single quantum particle in a potential well with periodically oscillating wells, and nonlinear structures, including nonlinear Rabi oscillations, cavity optical solitons and solitons of Bose–Einstein condensates, in dynamical cavities or traps.

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Xue, Xiaoxiao, Xiaoping Zheng, and Bingkun Zhou. "Super-efficient temporal solitons in mutually coupled optical cavities." Nature Photonics 13, no. 9 (May 13, 2019): 616–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41566-019-0436-0.

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Perrone, M. R., C. Panzera, and D. Diso. "Coherence temporal evolution in Gaussian cavities of different lengths." Journal of the Optical Society of America A 15, no. 8 (August 1, 1998): 2138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josaa.15.002138.

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Rădulescu, Marian, Adela-Ioana Mocanu, Alexandra-Cristina Neagu, Mihai-Adrian Schipor, and Horia Mocanu. "Defining the URCOTEBS System as a Unilateral Radiographic–Stochastic Model for the Complementary States (Health/Disease) of the D-Organ and Middle-Ear Mucosa." Applied Sciences 13, no. 23 (November 30, 2023): 12861. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app132312861.

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The middle ear (ME) is a notoriously complicated anatomic structure, geometrically arranged as irregular interlinked spheroidal and polyhedric cavities dug inside the temporal bone (TB). The bony walls of these cavities are radiopaque and form the bony support for the D-Organ that we have previously defined as corresponding to the epithelium covering the Antrum walls (belonging to the central cavities of the middle ear) and the walls of mastoid and petrous cavities (the peripheral cavities of the ME). The aim of the study is to define an exact method for categorizing a Unilateral Radiographic COnformation of the TEmporal Bone in Schuller’s projection (URCOTEBS) under one of the four defined conformations and using it for practical everyday clinical purposes. The conclusion is that a radiograph in Schuller’s projection is a concrete way of storing precise information on the status (health/disease) of the D-Organ and therefore of the ME mucosa. These data is encoded within the image and we aim to decode and translate them into clinical data. The URCOTEBS results in an overlapping projection of all bony cavities that comprise the General Endo-temporal Bony Cavity Complex onto the same plain (film). This characteristic of classical film imaging constitutes an advantage from the multiple CT sections, as far as our proposed approach goes, because the set of stochastic information is found in the whole of the cavities taken as one on the same image, to which the measurement gauges can be easily applied. The decoding must be performed accordingly, and this occurs much faster with conventional radiography. This image of the TB in Schuller’s projection is a mirror that reflects the status of the ME mucosa, and URCOTEBS encodes the physiological state of the D-Organ. The present work gives, through stochastic methods, the key to decoding this information into clinical language. In ascending order of their projection areas (projection of their Variable Geometry Peripheral Endo-temporal Bony Cavity Complex) we can recognize URCOTEBS_d, URCOTEBS_c, URCOTEBS_b, and URCOTEBS_a. The corresponding Greek letter designates the state of disease for each of these conformations: URCOTEBS_δ, URCOTEBS_γ, URCOTEBS_β, URCOTEBS_α, and the capital letters define their state of health: URCOTEBS_D, URCOTEBS_C, URCOTEBS_B, URCOTEBS_A. URCOTEBS_d is the smallest unilateral radiographic conformation of the TB in Schuller’s projection and is, by definition, a radiographic image of the state of disease of the D-Organ. The probability of disease in URCOTEBS_d is 100%. This radiographic system is readily available and clinically usable.

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Han, Xue, Ying Hu, Xiaocong Zhu, and Lixi Huang. "Broadband noise absorption by time-varying devices." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 154, no. 4_supplement (October 1, 2023): A187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0023216.

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A resonator array can broaden the effective sound absorption bandwidth by using the structure with multiple cavities in parallel or in series in space. However, this kind of fixed mechanical structure cannot flexibly adapt to different noise sources, which severely limits the development prospect of the resonator array in practical applications. In this paper, a time-varying resonator is proposed based on a shunted electrical circuit, realizing the equivalent effect of multi-cavities in space. Based on the working principle of spatial and temporal resonators, the theoretical models are established, and the three designs for achieving broadband effects are analyzed theoretically. Through time-domain numerical calculation, the sound absorption performance of the two spatial designs and the temporal design with the same cavity volume is obtained. This study focuses on the scheme design and performance optimization of the temporal resonator. Compared with the traditional spatial resonator, the proposed temporal resonator has the advantages of tunable frequency and high adaptability to varying sources while achieving similar or even better sound absorption performance.

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Matthieu, Ruppin, Catheline Stefan, and Roux Philippe. "One channel spatio-temporal inversion of acoustic wave in reverberant cavities." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 130, no. 4 (October 2011): 2515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.3655026.

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Kazanskiy, Nikolay L., Pavel G. Serafimovich, and Svetlana N. Khonina. "Use of photonic crystal cavities for temporal differentiation of optical signals." Optics Letters 38, no. 7 (March 29, 2013): 1149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.38.001149.

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Babicsak, Viviam R., Adriana V. Klein, Miriam H. Tsunemi, and Luiz C. Vulcano. "Age-related changes of the cerebral ventricles of healthy domestic cats." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 38, no. 10 (October 2018): 1935–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-5208.

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ABSTRACT: This study aimed to determine age-related changes of the cerebral ventricles of healthy non-brachycephalic domestic cats by the acquisition of brain MRI images of 12 adult (1 to 6 years), 11 mature (7 to11 years) and 10 geriatric (12 years or more) cats. Our hypothesis is that the cerebral ventricular system of cats expands with increasing age. The possibility of the evidence of the olfactory bulb cavities and temporal horns of the lateral ventricles were evaluated in this study. Volumes of the olfactory bulb cavities, lateral ventricles (including the temporal horns), third ventricle, mesencephalic aqueduct and fourth ventricle were measured and corrected for the intracranial volume. Significant differences were found between the adult and mature groups in relation to the geriatric one for the variable related to the evidence of the temporal ventricular horns, which were most frequently visualized in geriatric cats. Percentage of the right lateral and third ventricles volume by intracranial volume were significantly higher in geriatric cats compared to the adults. The results of this study demonstrate that ventricular dilation tends to occur with advancing age in cats, as well as the increase in the frequency of the temporal ventricular horn evidence, as had been indicated in the hypothesis of the study.

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Korovin, Alexander V., Yan Pennec, and Bahram Djafari-Rouhani. "Unidirectional Coherent Phonon Emission in an Optomechanic Nanobeam Containing Coupled Cavities." Photonics 9, no. 9 (August 28, 2022): 610. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics9090610.

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Nonreciprocal phonon emission is predicted theoretically from the coherent excitation of two coupled optomechanical cavities arranged along a phoxonic crystal nanobeam. The latter consists of a periodic array of holes and stubs and exhibits simultaneous photonic and phononic bandgaps. It is shown that nonreciprocal phonon emission arises from a combined effect of the spatial symmetry of the cavities and their underlying coupled phononic modes and the temporal phase shift between the excitation sources. This demonstration paves the way for the development of advanced integrated phonon networks and circuits, in which mechanical waves connect different elements in phononic and optomechanical structures.

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Abdulrhmann, Salah, Abu Mohamed Alhasan, and A. Y. Madkhli. "Dynamics of Semiconductor Laser Coupled with Two External Cavities." Applied Sciences 13, no. 23 (November 29, 2023): 12827. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app132312827.

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An investigation into the dynamic states and relative intensity noise of laser diodes subjected to double optical feedback has been conducted. We employed modified and improved time-delay rate equations to account for double external optical feedback. The dynamic states and noise of lasers will be investigated using bifurcation diagrams of the output photon number, its temporal variations, and the intensity noise of the laser. This analysis considers feedback strengths due to the double external cavity and their spacing from the front facet of the laser with and without phase due to feedback. The results reveal that considering phase causes significant variations in laser intensity and a phase shift in the temporal variations of the laser output. This results in relative intensity noise suppression and a frequency shift in the intensity noise spectrum. These findings represent new contributions to our understanding of the reliance of lasing frequency shift on the phase due to feedback, regardless of whether feedback originates from a single or double external cavity. We investigated the optimal conditions corresponding to stable dynamic states of the laser with the lowest noise level. Additionally, we identified conditions that result in chaotic dynamics, where the spectrum does not convey information about the laser system. These insights have potential applications in chaotic and secure optical data encryption.

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DONG, Jian-Wen. "Topological cascaded coupled cavities system: Neo-analysis of temporal coupled-mode theory." SCIENTIA SINICA Physica, Mechanica & Astronomica 52, no. 4 (December 16, 2021): 244231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/sspma-2021-0346.

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Lesmanne, Emeline, Roch Espiau De Lamaestre, David Fowler, Salim Boutami, and Giacomo Badano. "Temporal coupled mode theory of standing wave resonant cavities for infrared photodetection." Optics Express 23, no. 6 (March 12, 2015): 7385. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.23.007385.

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Vakharia, N., M. Manchini, B. Vos, K. Li, A. McEvoy, R. Sparks, S. Ourselin, and S. Duncan. "TP3-4 Changes in whole brain connectomes with simulated laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) using seizure free and non-seizure free ablation cavities in mesial temporal sclerosis: a graph theory approach." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 90, no. 3 (February 14, 2019): e18.4-e19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2019-abn.59.

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ObjectivesLITT is a novel means of focal lesioning. Improved seizure free outcome has been associated with the extent to which the mesial hippocampal head is ablated, but not overall ablation volume. We question whether specific changes in structural network connectivity exist in patients that achieve seizure freedom.DesignRetrospectiveSubjects25 MTS patients after LITT with 2 year outcome.MethodsAblation cavities from 11 seizure free and 14 non-seizure free patients were combined to generate group masks. In 12 separate pre-operative patients with MTS (6 right), weighted normalized connectomes were generated with 1 × 10^7 streamlines. To simulate ablations the group cavity masks were excluded from the connectomes prior to normalization. Differences in connectomes were assessed by graph theory metrics.ResultsGreater node strength (str) in non-seizure free patients were present in the ipsilateral basal temporo-occipital cortices in both right and left MTS. Str and local efficiency were relatively maintained in the ipsilateral thalamus of seizure free cavities. Betweenness centrality in non-seizure free cavities were greater in ipsilateral temporal poles in right and left MTS.ConclusionsDifferences in network connectivity are present following simulated LITT for MTS between seizure free and non-seizure free ablation cavities. LiTT ablation cavities may be pre-operatively modelled to ensure the ablation cavity includes important structures and non-essential or inhibitory connectivity is spared. Prospective validation is required.

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Mair, Douglas W. F., Martin J. Sharp, and Ian C. Willis. "Evidence for basal cavity opening from analysis of surface uplift during a high-velocity event: Haut Glacier d’Arolla, Switzerland." Journal of Glaciology 48, no. 161 (2002): 208–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756502781831502.

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AbstractHigh rates of surface uplift and horizontal velocities were measured during a hydrologically induced spring speed-up event. Spatial patterns of surface uplift are analyzed to estimate components of vertical motion due to flow along an inclined bed and vertical strain. Areas are identified where surface uplift was most likely due in part to the opening or enlargement of subglacial cavities by bed separation. Results suggest a widespread enlargement of subglacial cavities during the event, and survival of residual cavities after the event. The spatial pattern of cavity enlargement closely matches previously identified axes of preferential subglacial drainage. It is suggested that localized cavity opening along axes of preferential drainage may constitute the initial stage in the seasonal development of channelized subglacial drainage. It is concluded that spatial and temporal variations in glacier motion may play an active role in determining the structure and rate of development of subglacial drainage during the summer melt season.

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Pimenov, Alexander, Shalva Amiranashvili, and Andrei G. Vladimirov. "Temporal cavity solitons in a delayed model of a dispersive cavity ring laser." Mathematical Modelling of Natural Phenomena 15 (2020): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mmnp/2019054.

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Nonlinear localised structures appear as solitary states in systems with multistability and hysteresis. In particular, localised structures of light known as temporal cavity solitons were observed recently experimentally in driven Kerr-cavities operating in the anomalous dispersion regime when one of the two bistable spatially homogeneous steady states exhibits a modulational instability. We use a distributed delay system to study theoretically the formation of temporal cavity solitons in an optically injected ring semiconductor-based fiber laser, and propose an approach to derive reduced delay-differential equation models taking into account the dispersion of the intracavity fiber delay line. Using these equations we perform the stability and bifurcation analysis of injection-locked continuous wave states and temporal cavity solitons.

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Hill, Lewis, Eva-Maria Hirmer, Graeme Campbell, Toby Bi, Alekhya Ghosh, Gian-Luca Oppo, and Pascal Del’Haye. ""Talking" Vector Solitons and their Polarization Conformity in Fabry-Pérot Cavities." EPJ Web of Conferences 287 (2023): 06005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202328706005.

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Optical frequency combs are applicable across many fields, especially in metrology. Through accounting for field polarization, the spontaneous symmetry breaking of vector temporal cavity solitons and combs in Kerr Fabry–Perot resonators is presented. This work can improve the generation of frequency combs through its control on the maximum number of soliton-pairs in a round trip and reveals the interesting phe-nomenon of dominant polarization conformity across all soliton-pairs in the cavity.

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Kocaman, S., X. Yang, J. F. McMillan, M. B. Yu, D. L. Kwong, and C. W. Wong. "Observations of temporal group delays in slow-light multiple coupled photonic crystal cavities." Applied Physics Letters 96, no. 22 (May 31, 2010): 221111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3446893.

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Wang, L. P., B. J. Lee, X. J. Wang, and Z. M. Zhang. "Spatial and temporal coherence of thermal radiation in asymmetric Fabry–Perot resonance cavities." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 52, no. 13-14 (June 2009): 3024–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2009.01.042.

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Weber, R., P. F. Cunningham, and J. E. Balmer. "Temporal and spectral characteristics of soft x radiation from laser‐irradiated cylindrical cavities." Applied Physics Letters 53, no. 26 (December 26, 1988): 2596–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.100190.

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Lakhfif, Abderrahim, Abdelkader Hidki, Jamal El Qars, and Mostafa Nassik. "Dynamics of Rényi-2 correlations in optomechanics." Physica Scripta 97, no. 9 (August 8, 2022): 095102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ac8584.

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Abstract We report on temporal evolution of three different kinds of correlations present between two mechanical resonators of two distant Fabry-Pérot cavities. The two cavities are jointly fed by a two-mode squeezed light and driven by two independent coherent lasers. We consider the initial state of the two mechanical modes as a two-mode uncorrelated thermal state. After evaluating the dynamical covariance matrix elements, we give explicit expressions of the measures of correlations defined via the Rényi-2 entropy, namely, the Rényi-2 quantum mutual information, the Gaussian Rényi-2 entanglement and the Gaussian quantum steering. We find that by an appropriate choice of the system parameters, it is possible to generate entanglement and steering via a quantum correlations transfer from squeezed light to the mechanical bi-mode state. The influence of the squeezing parameter, the optomechanical cooperativity and the environmental thermal noise on the correlations are studied thoroughly. Additionally, we show in various circumstances that the considered temporal correlations respect the hierarchical relation established in L Lami, C Hirche, G Adesso, and A Winter, (2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 220 502).

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Williams, J. C., Jan-Yurn Kung, Yixin Chen, Xiangjun Cai, and Steven T. Griffin. "Some Characteristics of the Hollow Cathode Discharge Source from Hollow Cathodes of Different Sizes and Shapes." Applied Spectroscopy 49, no. 11 (November 1995): 1705–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702953965704.

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The empirical evaluation of several types of two-piece hollow cathodes for the analysis of microsamples using both dc and pulsed discharge modes of the hollow cathode discharge is reported. The discharge parameters used are similar to those that have given good precision and sensitivity for microsamples in this laboratory. Both optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to follow sputtering effects on the cathode geometry. The sputtering patterns in the flat-bottom, two-piece cylindrical hollow cathode revealed directly the cathode dark space on the cathode cavity bottom. The temporal emission profiles from the spherical cathode cavity are similar to those observed in cylindrical cathode cavities. The temporal emission profile changes with the diameter of the cylindrical cathode cavity and is characteristic of the analyte.

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Anikin, I. A., N. N. Khamgushkeeva, A. D. Knyazev, and T. A. Bokuchava. "Massive cholesteatoma of the temporal bone after open-cavity surgery." Russian Medical Inquiry 4, no. 4 (2020): 247–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2020-4-4-247-253.

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Potential recurrence is a key challenge of the surgical interventions for temporal bone cholesteatoma. It manifests with the residual or recurrent cholesteatoma. Open surgical techniques reduce the recurrence of cholesteatoma due to the better visualization of temporal bone cavities both intraoperatively and postoperatively and also prevent otogenic intracranial complications. However, even despite open-cavity surgeries, cholesteatoma recurrences are still common in ENT practice while their asymptomatic course often results in the late diagnosis. This article describes three case reports of cholesteatoma recurrences with significant destructive lesions of the temporal bone and intracranial complications after prior open-cavity surgical interventions. These case reports are of interest due to the latent course of cholesteatoma and the lack of disease recurrence signs revealed by the standard ENT examination using otomicroscopy and endoscopy. Finally, these case reports highlight the importance of diffusion-weighed magnetic resonance imaging of the middle ear in patients with temporal bone cholesteatoma both in the preoperative and postoperative period. KEYWORDS: cholesteatoma, middle ear, temporal bone, surgical strategy, trephination, radical mastoidectomy. FOR CITATION: Anikin I.A., Khamgushkeeva N.N., Knyazev A.D., Bokuchava T.A. Massive cholesteatoma of the temporal bone after opencavity surgery. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2020;4(4):247–253. DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2020-4-4-247-253.

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Pasanisi, Enrico, Vincenzo Vincenti, Andrea Bacciu, Maurizio Guida, Teresa Berghenti, Anna Barbot, Carlo Zini, and Salvatore Bacciu. "Multichannel Cochlear Implantation in Radical Mastoidectomy Cavities." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 127, no. 5 (November 2002): 432–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mhn.2002.129822.

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OBJECTIVE: We report on our experience in cochlear implantation in patients with radical mastoidectomy cavities. STUDY DESIGN, SETTING, AND METHODS: Retrospectively, records of patients from the Department of Otolaryngology, University of Parma between December 1991 and March 2000 were reviewed, and 6 postlingually deafened adults who received a cochlear implant in a radical cavity were identified. Speech performances were evaluated in terms of bisyllabic word and sentence recognition and common phrase comprehension. RESULTS: To date, with a follow-up of 1 to 9 years, no patient has experienced extrusion of electrodes or other local or intracranial complications. Mean bisyllabic word and sentence recognition scores were 74% and 80%, respectively. Mean comprehension score for common phrases was 86%. CONCLUSION: By obliterating and isolating the radical mastoidectomy cavity from the outer environment, patients who previously had undergone radical surgery of the middle ear can be safely implanted with satisfactory hearing results. Multichannel cochlear implantation (CI) is a treatment accepted worldwide for patients with total or profound deafness. In the presence of normal temporal bone anatomy, CI surgery is a safe and relatively simple procedure with a low complication rate. 1–3 However, some conditions, such as malformations of the middle or inner ear, cochlear ossification, chronic otitis media, and previous middle ear surgery, represent a technical challenge to CI surgeons. Patients with a bilateral radical mastoidectomy cavity who are otherwise suitable for implantation represent a certainly more problematic group to manage than the “standard” CI patients. Under these circumstances, various potential problems must be considered: extrusion of the electrode array by breakdown of the thin epithelial lining of the mastoid cavity, risk of recurrent cholesteatoma, and possibility of spreading of inflammation to the implant with potential labyrinthitis and meningitis. During recent years various surgical strategies have been proposed in the literature to avoid such complications. Many surgeons suggested overcoming these problems by performing an obliterative technique, 4–6 whereas others preferred to maintain the benefits of an open technique 7 or to rehabilitate the cavity 8 ; it has also been suggested that the cavity be bypassed via a middle cranial fossa approach. 9 We describe the experience at the CI Center of the University of Parma in managing 6 CI patients with radical mastoidectomy cavities.

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Wonjoo Suh, Zheng Wang, and Shanhui Fan. "Temporal coupled-mode theory and the presence of non-orthogonal modes in lossless multimode cavities." IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 40, no. 10 (October 2004): 1511–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jqe.2004.834773.

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Hendrie, James, Ning Hsu, and Jean-Claude Diels. "Control of Frequency Combs with Passive Resonators." Sensors 23, no. 3 (January 17, 2023): 1066. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23031066.

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Tailored optical frequency combs are generated by nesting passive etalons within mode-locked oscillators. In this work, the oscillator generates a comb of 6.8 GHz with 106 MHz side-bands. This tailored comb results from the self-synchronized locking of two cavities with precision optical frequency tuning. In this manuscript, it is demonstrated that these combs can be precisely predicted utilizing a temporal ABCD matrix method and precise comb frequency tuning by scanning over the D1 transition line of 87Rb and observing the fluorescence.

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Razukov, V. A., L. A. Melnikov, P. V. Kuptsov, and K. S. Gochelashvili. "Modelling light wave propagation and interaction and dynamical regimes analysis using the Lyapunov exponents method in ring fibre cavities." Laser Physics 33, no. 2 (January 27, 2023): 025004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1555-6611/acaea1.

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Abstract The ‘Cabaret’ finite differences method allows the performance of fast and conclusive modelling of the microcavity temporal dynamics with group velocity dispersion, cross- and self- phase modulation included. The proposed scheme and model allow us to study the dynamics of a cavity with two counter-propagating pulses, second order dispersion, modulation instability, Rayleigh scattering and other effects along the cavity roundtrips number up to 106…7. The possibility of Lyapunov exponents mapping for the Raman and SBS fibre lasers and cavities is discussed.

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Coker, Newton J., Herman A. Jenkins, and Ugo Fisch. "Obliteration of the Middle Ear and Mastoid Cleft in Subtotal Petrosectomy: Indications, Technique, and Results." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 95, no. 1 (January 1986): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348948609500102.

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Lateral surgical approaches to the base of the skull through the temporal bone often result in a large cavity with exposed dura and vascular structures and no possibility of reconstruction of the middle ear conductive hearing mechanism. Subtotal petrosectomy with tympanomastoid obliteration provides a relatively safe and secure closure of the surgical defect in the temporal bone and eliminates the problems associated with an open mastoid cavity. Eradication of all accessible air cell tracts and mucosa in the petrous pyramid, obliteration of the eustachian tubal orifice, closure of the external auditory canal, and fat obliteration of the middle ear and mastoid clefts are essential in the procedure. Over the last 10 years this technique has been utilized in 372 base of skull procedures with a complication rate of less than 5%. Infection occurred only in those cases with draining cavities or contaminated wounds.

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Parra-Rivas, P., D. Gomila, M. A. Matías, P. Colet, and L. Gelens. "Effects of inhomogeneities and drift on the dynamics of temporal solitons in fiber cavities and microresonators." Optics Express 22, no. 25 (December 5, 2014): 30943. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.22.030943.

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Moulin, G., A. Coatrieux, J. C. Gillot, C. Chagnaud, J. M. Bartoli, A. Pech, and M. Kasbarian. "Plaque-like meningioma involving the temporal bone, sinonasal cavities and both parapharyngeal spaces: CT and MRI." Neuroradiology 36, no. 8 (November 1994): 629–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00600427.

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Perrier, Frederic, Jean-Louis Le Mouël, and Patrick Richon. "Spatial and Temporal Dependence of Temperature Variations Induced by Atmospheric Pressure Variations in Shallow Underground Cavities." Pure and Applied Geophysics 167, no. 3 (February 3, 2010): 253–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00024-009-0016-1.

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Afrazi, Amin, Sylvana Garcia-Rodriguez, James D. Maloney, and Clinton T. Morgan. "Cavitary lung lesions and pneumothorax in a healthy patient with active coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) viral pneumonia." Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery 32, no. 1 (December 23, 2020): 150–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icvts/ivaa238.

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Abstract Severe respiratory sequelae drive morbidity-associated with coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) disease. We report a case of COVID-19 pneumonia complicated by cavitary lesions and pneumothorax in a young healthy male. Pneumothorax management with catheter thoracostomy and rapid resolution of the cavitary lesions are described. An extensive work-up for other causes a cavitation was negative and the temporal correlation of the cavities with COVID-19 infection plus their rapid resolution suggest a direct relationship. We propose a mechanism for cavitation secondary to microangiopathy, a cause of cavitation in the vasculitides and a known feature of COVID-19.

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Collins, David N. "Seasonal Development of Subglacial Drainage and Suspended Sediment Delivery to Melt Waters Beneath an Alpine Glacier." Annals of Glaciology 13 (1989): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s026030550000762x.

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During the ablation seasons of 1983 and 1987, measurements of discharge and suspended sediment concentration of melt waters draining from Gornergletscher, Switzerland, were obtained at hourly intervals, permitting estimation of total daily sediment flux. Seasonal patterns of variation in sediment flux are interpreted in terms of development of the subglacial drainage network. Variations in flux relate to contrasting temporal patterns of run-off, and the differing incidence of subglacial hydrological events in the 2 years. During such events, in which basal water pressure is raised, large areas of previously hydraulically isolated sub-sole are integrated with flow, releasing quantities of sediment from basal storage. Several types of event are identified, arising during periods of generally increasing discharge in the early ablation season, resulting from temporary blocking of subglacial passageways or from outbursts emptying a marginal, ice-dammed lake, and related to rain-induced floods. Flow spreads out over the glacier bed as pressure increases, suggesting that the basal drainage system consists of a diffuse network of many linked cavities rather than fewer major conduits, particularly at the start of the season. A distributed cavity system may be simplified to fewer conduits, dimensions of cavities may enlarge or the area of bed over which cavities are developing may be expanded to supply debris to melt waters during events. Different partial areas of sub-sole become progressively integrated with flow during sequences of hydrological events. Later in summer, melt waters are confined to basal areas within which only limited sediment remains available for acquisition.

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Collins, David N. "Seasonal Development of Subglacial Drainage and Suspended Sediment Delivery to Melt Waters Beneath an Alpine Glacier." Annals of Glaciology 13 (1989): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026030550000762x.

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During the ablation seasons of 1983 and 1987, measurements of discharge and suspended sediment concentration of melt waters draining from Gornergletscher, Switzerland, were obtained at hourly intervals, permitting estimation of total daily sediment flux. Seasonal patterns of variation in sediment flux are interpreted in terms of development of the subglacial drainage network. Variations in flux relate to contrasting temporal patterns of run-off, and the differing incidence of subglacial hydrological events in the 2 years. During such events, in which basal water pressure is raised, large areas of previously hydraulically isolated sub-sole are integrated with flow, releasing quantities of sediment from basal storage. Several types of event are identified, arising during periods of generally increasing discharge in the early ablation season, resulting from temporary blocking of subglacial passageways or from outbursts emptying a marginal, ice-dammed lake, and related to rain-induced floods. Flow spreads out over the glacier bed as pressure increases, suggesting that the basal drainage system consists of a diffuse network of many linked cavities rather than fewer major conduits, particularly at the start of the season. A distributed cavity system may be simplified to fewer conduits, dimensions of cavities may enlarge or the area of bed over which cavities are developing may be expanded to supply debris to melt waters during events. Different partial areas of sub-sole become progressively integrated with flow during sequences of hydrological events. Later in summer, melt waters are confined to basal areas within which only limited sediment remains available for acquisition.

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Veiga, José P., Wanyoike Wamiti, Vicente Polo, and Muchane Muchai. "Interaction between distant taxa in the use of tree cavities in African ecosystems: a study using nest-boxes." Journal of Tropical Ecology 29, no. 3 (March 19, 2013): 187–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026646741300014x.

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Abstract:Convergence in the use of resources may occur between distantly related organisms. A major ecological resource in which members of various taxa may be interested is a cavity for nesting. A variety of social hymenopterans and vertebrates may nest within tree cavities in tropical ecosystems. We used 241 nest-boxes placed in seven Kenyan localities to investigate the use of nesting cavities by members of distant taxa and discuss whether interaction between them is a potential factor shaping cavity-nester communities in tropical regions. The nest-boxes were occupied by social insects (ants, bees and wasps) (30.1% of nest-boxes in April–May and 33.1% in September–October) and vertebrates (birds and mammals) (20% and 7.7%, respectively). Hymenopterans were more abundant in forest boxes (36.2% of nest-boxes occupied in April–May and 37% in September–October), whereas savannas had lower figures (21.7% and 31.3%, respectively). Among vertebrates, most occupants of nest-boxes in savanna were birds (17.8% of nest-boxes occupied vs. 8% in mammals), while mammals predominated in forests (4.9% of the nest-boxes occupied vs. 0.3% in birds). Spatial and temporal patterns of occupation highlight the potential that interaction between distant taxa may have on the access to nesting cavities. More nest-boxes remained unoccupied in forested areas than in savanna areas suggesting that a shorter supply of nesting sites in the savanna may be a source of competition. The simultaneous occupation of a nest-box by two different taxa was exceptional, also supporting the hypothesized inter-taxon competition.

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Singh, Vivian, and Marcus Atlas. "Obliteration of the Persistently Discharging Mastoid Cavity using the Middle Temporal Artery Flap." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 137, no. 3 (September 2007): 433–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2007.02.034.

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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the surgical outcome of patients undergoing obliteration of a persistently discharging mastoid cavity with specific soft tissue vascular flaps for chronic otitis media or cholesteatoma. STUDY DESIGN: A five-year retrospective consecutive case review in a tertiary care referral center. Following mastoidectomy obliteration with a superiorly based middle temporal artery, axial periosteal flap and inferiorly based random pedicled musculoperi-osteal flap was performed. The primary outcome was control of suppuration and the creation of a dry, low-maintenance cavity as assessed by a semi-quantitative scale. RESULTS: A total of 51 consecutive patients undergoing revision mastoidectomy with obliteration were identified with a minimum follow-up of 12 months; 43 (84%) had a small dry healthy mastoid cavity; three ears (6%) had occasional otorrhea that was relatively easily managed by topical therapy. CONCLUSION: Obliteration using the middle temporal artery and inferior random flaps is an effective method to manage patients with pre-existing cavities and also those not previously operated upon.

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Werneburg, Ingmar, Serjoscha W. Evers, and Gabriel Ferreira. "On the “cartilaginous rider” in the endocasts of turtle brain cavities." Vertebrate Zoology 71 (July 2, 2021): 403–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.71.e66756.

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Abstract In recent years, paleoneurology became a very popular research field and hundreds of brain-endocasts were described. The interpretation of a dorsal protuberance of the brain-endocast puzzled researchers for a long time, the so-called (cartilaginous) rider. This is mainly because of technical limitations in the past and due to non-accessibility of comparative material. Using turtles as a case-study, we conducted a literature review and studied embryological data in addition to fossil and extant species’ endocasts. We assessed three hypotheses on the origin of the rider as relating to 1) the pineal gland, to 2) the blood vessel system, and to 3) skull roof elements. Based on our integrated anatomical observations, we refute the pineal gland hypothesis (1) and an exclusive blood vessel explanation (2). However, we show that, in most cases, the cartilaginous origin applies (3). The related cartilages, mainly the anterior process of the chondrocranial tectum synoticum, can persist until adulthood. Its diversity is interpreted in regard to the mechanical support for the temporal skull region, the shape of which has been shown to be in turn related to neck retraction and jaw mechanics. Finally, we highlight the value of embryological data to provide profound hypotheses for evolutionary research despite its low quantitative evaluability. We argue that it should be studied in conjunction with modern computer-aided data acquisition whenever possible.

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Riese, F., O. Ballach, H. Suliman, H. J. Geertz, and H. Wolf. "Hippocampal cavities in elderly subjects - prevalence, evolution and impact on cognition." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 849. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72554-8.

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Hippocampal cavities (HcC) are frequent findings in brain MRIs of elderly subjects. The prevalence, evolution and impact on cognitive performance of these cavities are unclear. Our study therefore aims at providing data on prevalence, morphological evolution and clinical significance of HcC. We used a population-based sample of nondemented elderly subjects aged 75–85 and a comparison group with Alzheimer's disease for cross-sectional analysis. All nondemented subjects were included in a prospective study (mean follow-up 3.2 years). HcC numbers and volume were recorded from volumetric T1w MRI scans. Serial MRIs were performed for a subgroup of subjects. Cognitive functions were assessed by SIDAM and CDR. Hippocampal and brain volume, medial temporal lobe atrophy, white matter lesions, ApoE genotype and vascular risk factors were considered as confounders. The prevalence of HcC in our sample was approx. 60% with no differences between cognitive groups. HcC volume was found to be a predictor of short-term episodic memory performance. The effect of HcC volume was non-linear with the highest risk for decrease in short-term memory associated with the smallest HcC volumes. Mean HcC number and volume remained stable during follow-up. However, we provide anectodal evidence for both cases with increase and decrease of HcC volume over time. In conclusion, small HcC may be an independent risk factor for decline in short term episodic memory performance in elderly subjects.

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Mager, Sarah M., Gregory H. Leonard, Andrew G. Pauling, and Inga J. Smith. "A framework for estimating anchor ice extent at potential formation sites in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica." Annals of Glaciology 56, no. 69 (2015): 394–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/2015aog69a711.

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AbstractA distinctive feature of polar regions is the formation of ice clusters attached to the seabed, known as ‘anchor ice’. Anchor ice plays an important role in mobilizing bed sediments, and serves ecological roles providing habitats, or as an agent of disturbance creating potentially fatal environments to benthic fauna. The sublittoral zone associated with the landward margin represents the most likely environment for anchor ice formation, where conditions conducive to the advection of supercooled water from sub-ice-shelf cavities are favourable. We develop a framework to estimate the areal extent of anchor ice formation assuming a northerly flow of 75m deep supercooled water plumes from the Ross and McMurdo Ice Shelf cavities, Antarctica. In McMurdo Sound our results indicate that regions beneath the McMurdo Ice Shelf, extending along Brown Peninsula and White and Black Islands, are likely conducive to anchor ice formation. Anchor ice may also form along the Hut Point Peninsula and around Ross Island, and in pockets along the southern Victoria Land coast. The limitations of our approach include an imposed northerly flow of Ice Shelf Water, poorly constrained sub-ice-shelf bathymetry, and temporal variability in supercooled water depth production, particularly in the eastern Sound.

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Tella Jr, Oswaldo Ignácio de, Marco Antonio Herculano, Mirto Nelso Prandini, João Norberto Stavale, and Paulo Henrique Aguiar. "Malignant transformation of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma: case report." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 61, no. 1 (March 2003): 104–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x2003000100020.

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We report a case of a pleomorphic xantoastrocytoma which manifested itself as a cystic isodense lesion in the right fronto-temporal lobe in a 26 year-old woman. It appeared as a soft yellow tumor with cystic cavities on surgery. Five months after this surgery, the patient was submitted to a new operation, which revealed a friable tumor, easily differentiated from the normal parenchyma, with cystic components. The histopathological examination demonstrated pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma with malignant transformation. Histologically, the tumor at first procedure was composed of pleomorphic astrocytes with multinucleated and foamy cells. A rare case of malignant transformation in pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma is presented, discussed and illustrated in this paper.

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Zhou, Renlong, Mengxiong Wu, Yingyi Xiao, Lingxi Wu, Qiong Liu, Suxia Xie, Hui Deng, Lisan Zeng, and Guozheng Nie. "Modes and Carrier Density in Dispersive and Nonlinear Gain Planar Photonic Crystal Cavity." Journal of Nanomaterials 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/580157.

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The cavity mode and carrier density in dispersive and nonlinear gain planar photonic crystal cavities are studied with the three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method. Planar photonic crystal cavity can enhance light mater interaction, which can be used to design a photonic crystal cavity laser. With the effect of both total internal reflection and photonic band gap confinement, the frequency responses of the planar photonic crystal cavity can be obtained by simulation. The effect of carrier diffusion is calculated through the laser rate equations. The electric field intensity distribution, temporal behavior of electric field energy, and carrier density characteristics are analyzed from the resonance cavity mode.

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Mazumder, Sandip. "On the Use of the Fully Compressible Navier-Stokes Equations for the Steady-State Solution of Natural Convection Problems in Closed Cavities." Journal of Heat Transfer 129, no. 3 (June 15, 2006): 387–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2430726.

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The steady-state compressible form of the Navier-Stokes equations, along with no-slip boundary conditions on walls, represents a boundary value problem. In closed heated cavities, these equations are incapable of preserving the initial mass of the cavity and predicting the pressure rise. A simple strategy to adjust the reference pressure in the system is presented and demonstrated. The strategy is similar to solving the transient form of the governing equations, but completely eliminates truncation errors associated with temporal discretization of the transient terms. Results exhibit good agreement with previous reports. Additional results are shown to highlight differences between the fully compressible formulation and the Boussinesq approximation.

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Li, Zhigang, Younes Aimer, and Tayeb H. C. Bouazza. "Modeling of Microwave Cavities Based on SIBC-FDTD Method for EM Wave Focalization by TR Technique." Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology 3, no. 2022 (September 29, 2022): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.26636/jtit.2022.153021.

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The time reversal (TR) techniques used in electromagnetics have been limited for a variety of reasons, including extensive computations, complex modeling and simulation, processes as well as, large-scale numerical analysis. In this paper, the SIBC-FDTD method is applied to address these issues and to efficiently model TR systems. An original curvilinear modeling method is also proposed for constructing various obstacles in a 2D microwave cavity and for processing the corners of the cavity. The EM waves’ spatio-temporal focalization has been realized, and results of the simulations further prove the accuracy and effectiveness of this modeling method. Furthermore, they demonstrate that the microwave cavity processes may significantly improve the focalization quality in terms of SSLL enhancement.

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Abou-Bieh, Alaa A., Thomas J. Haberkamp, Khalid A. Al-Abdulhadi, and Jarah Ali Al-Tubaikh. "R433 – The Anterior Epitympanum." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 139, no. 2_suppl (August 2008): P189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2008.05.589.

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Problem Early studies report detailed microscopic anatomy of the anterior epitympanum, yet none describe its anatomy from an endoscopic point of view. Methods Thirty-five temporal bones were dissected, and the anatomic details were studied utilizing an operating microscope and otoendoscopes with 0o, 30o and 70o angles and 2.7 and 3 mm diameters. Results Marked variation in the size and shape of the anterior epitympanum was observed. The recess was found in all of the 35 bones. In 43% of the specimens, the main cavity was above the tensor tympanic fold, it was best endoscopically approached via the posterior transmastoid approach. But in 49% of the specimens, because the recess was divided into two cavities by the tensor tympanic fold, it necessitated both the transmastoid and the transcanal routes to endoscopically approach it. While in 8% of specimens, it was mainly endoscopically approached via the transcanal approach, as the recess was contiguous with the eustachian tube. Conclusion The shape of the anterior epitympanum is influenced by the relation between the cavities above and below the tensor tympanic fold. The incorporation of otoendoscopes helps in more exposure of its different types with less aggressive approaches. Significance Review the added value of intra-operative use of otoendoscopes to approach the different areas of the anterior epitympanic region.

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Kiraly, Peter, Ana Uršula Gavrić, Felix F. Reichel, Johannes Birtel, Luca Mautone, Yevgeniya Atiskova, Philipp Herrmann, et al. "Peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer thinning in patients with X-linked retinoschisis." BMJ Open Ophthalmology 9, no. 1 (August 2024): e001832. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjophth-2024-001832.

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AimsTo assess peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (pRNFL) thickness in patients with X-linked retinoschisis (XLRS), as pRNFL thinning may limit functional improvements in gene therapy trials.MethodsThis retrospective multicentre study included 49 eyes from 25 patients diagnosed with XLRS. Data collected with multimodal imaging at baseline and last follow-up (when available) included age, best-recorded visual acuity (BRVA), central retinal thickness, macular volume (MV), presence and location of peripheral retinoschisis and pRNFL thickness in the global (G), superotemporal (TS), superonasal (NS), inferotemporal (TI), inferonasal (NI), nasal (N) and temporal (T) sectors. Retinal sensitivity, assessed by microperimetry, was also recorded for seven patients at baseline.ResultspRNFL was thinner (below the fifth percentile) in at least one sector in 72% of right eyes and 79% of left eyes, with thinning across three or more sectors in 20% of right and 17% of left eyes. In 44% of cases, thinning occurred in the temporal sectors of both eyes, with no nasal sectoral thinning. Number of peripheral retinoschisis quadrants matched thinned pRNFL sectors. A strong positive correlation was found between MV and temporal pRNFL thickness (r=0.71, p<0.01), while weak negative correlation trends were noted with age (p=0.05) and BRVA (logMAR; p=0.12) related to temporal thickness of pRNFL sectors.ConclusionpRNFL thinning, predominantly sectoral and linked to macular or peripheral retinoschisis, occurs in about three-quarters of patients with XLRS, while diffuse thinning occurs in one-fifth. Temporal pRNFL thinning might occur only after the collapse of intraretinal cystoid cavities in the macula.

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Petrushenko, Yaroslav. "Проблема об’єктивності обліку кажанів у підземеллях." Novitates Theriologicae 2017, no. 10 (November 20, 2017): 118–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.53452/nt1016.

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The specifics of census of the species composition and number of bats in underground cavities based on the author's research experience, which were conducted in caves of Podillia, Transcarpathia, and Crimea, are presented. There are numerous examples of inconsistencies in assessments obtained by different researchers in different census periods in the same locations, due to the impossibility of inspecting the entire volume of caves. It is important to coordinate the census with the spatio-temporal dynamics of underground groups of bats. The problem of extrapolation of census results to the entire volume of caves is considered. A recommended scheme of census is presented, in which the desired terms and the order of inspection of caves are considered.

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Brune, E. O., and J. H. Meiring. "A silicon rubber cast of the cavities in the temporal bone as a teaching aid in human anatomy." Journal of Audiovisual Media in Medicine 12, no. 1 (January 1989): 23–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17453058909055307.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Temporal cavities'

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