Journal articles: 'Temporal references'

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Gennari, Silvia P. "Temporal References and Temporal Relations in Sentence Comprehension." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 30, no. 4 (2004): 877–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.30.4.877.

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Grenier, Jean, Philippe Cappeliez, Mélanie St-Onge, Julie Vachon, Sophie Vinette, Francine Roussy, Pierre Mercier, Monique Lortie-Lussier, and Joseph De Koninck. "Temporal references in dreams and autobiographical memory." Memory & Cognition 33, no. 2 (March 2005): 280–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03195317.

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Li, Wendan. "Temporal and aspectual references in Mandarin Chinese." Journal of Pragmatics 44, no. 14 (November 2012): 2045–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2012.09.017.

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Ringel, Felix. "Differences in temporal reasoning." Focaal 2013, no. 66 (June 1, 2013): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/fcl.2013.660103.

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Hoyerswerda, Germany's fastest-shrinking city, faces problems with the future that seem initially unrelated to the past and yet excite manifold conflicting accounts of it. The multiple and conflicting temporal references employed by Hoyerswerdians indicate that the temporal regime of postsocialism is accompanied, if not overcome, by the temporal framework of shrinkage. By reintroducing the analytical domain of the future, I show that local temporal knowledge practices are not historically predetermined by a homogenous postsocialist culture or by particular generational experiences. Rather, they exhibit what I call temporal complexity and temporal flexibility-creative uses of a variety of coexisting temporal references. My ethnographic material illustrates how such expressions of different forms of temporal reasoning structure social relations within and between different generations. Corresponding social groups are not simply divided by age, but are united through shared and heavily disputed negotiations of the post-Cold War era's contemporary crisis.

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Dongning Luo, Jing Yang, M. Krstajic, W. Ribarsky, and D. A. Keim. "EventRiver: Visually Exploring Text Collections with Temporal References." IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 18, no. 1 (January 2012): 93–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2010.225.

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Gyuró, Monika. "Temporal references in pain narratives: The cognitive perspective." Porta Lingua, no. 1 (2021): 135–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.48040/pl.2021.11.

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The present study investigates how pain experience affects the cognitive representation of time and viewpoint in a particular genre and narrative. In patients’ reports, temporality of pain experience does not follow the objectively measurable time. The ongoing character of pain contains not only the present issues but also retains the preceding aspects of the here-and-now moment and anticipates the future notes as time unfolds. To describe this particular experience, I employ the cognitive -linguistic model of mental spaces and blending (Fauconnier – Turner, 2002). I analyze blog posts of patients with chronic diseases on the use of temporal deixis and tense focusing on the shifts realized between the Narrative Space embedding the Event Space in which the past events occurred and the Here-and-Now Space which comprises the narrator’s viewpoint as an Origo. Moreover, I presuppose the Intermediate Space between the Event Space and the Reality Space, providing a transition between the aforementioned spaces and legitimization of the reconstruction of the events (Van Krieken et al., 2016). Temporal overlapping proves that subjective experience steers tenses and temporal deixis which govern the construal of viewpoint and time in the narratives; therefore, time and viewpoint are immediately connected in the cognitive representation of the narratives.

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ROMMEL, T. "Aspects of Verisimilitude: Temporal and Topographical References in Robinson Crusoe." Literary and Linguistic Computing 10, no. 4 (November 1, 1995): 279–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/llc/10.4.279.

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Lafrenière, A., R. Robidoux, A. Dale, and J. De Koninck. "Waking threats and the temporal references of dream threat simulations." Sleep Medicine 16 (December 2015): S235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2015.02.1500.

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Repp, Bruno H. "Multiple temporal references in sensorimotor synchronization with metrical auditory sequences." Psychological Research 72, no. 1 (May 25, 2006): 79–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00426-006-0067-1.

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Wiebe, J. M., T. P. O'Hara, Thorsten Ohrstrom-Sandgren, and K. J. McKeever. "An Empirical Approach to Temporal Reference Resolution." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 9 (November 1, 1998): 247–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.523.

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Scheduling dialogs, during which people negotiate the times of appointments, are common in everyday life. This paper reports the results of an in-depth empirical investigation of resolving explicit temporal references in scheduling dialogs. There are four phases of this work: data annotation and evaluation, model development, system implementation and evaluation, and model evaluation and analysis. The system and model were developed primarily on one set of data, and then applied later to a much more complex data set, to assess the generalizability of the model for the task being performed. Many different types of empirical methods are applied to pinpoint the strengths and weaknesses of the approach. Detailed annotation instructions were developed and an intercoder reliability study was performed, showing that naive annotators can reliably perform the targeted annotations. A fully automatic system has been developed and evaluated on unseen test data, with good results on both data sets. We adopt a pure realization of a recency-based focus model to identify precisely when it is and is not adequate for the task being addressed. In addition to system results, an in-depth evaluation of the model itself is presented, based on detailed manual annotations. The results are that few errors occur specifically due to the model of focus being used, and the set of anaphoric relations defined in the model are low in ambiguity for both data sets.

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Zagorova, Olga, Roberto Ulloa, Katrin Weller, and Fabian Flöck. "“I updated the <ref>”: The evolution of references in the English Wikipedia and the implications for altmetrics." Quantitative Science Studies 3, no. 1 (2022): 147–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/qss_a_00171.

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Abstract With this work, we present a publicly available data set of the history of all the references (more than 55 million) ever used in the English Wikipedia until June 2019. We have applied a new method for identifying and monitoring references in Wikipedia, so that for each reference we can provide data about associated actions: creation, modifications, deletions, and reinsertions. The high accuracy of this method and the resulting data set was confirmed via a comprehensive crowdworker labeling campaign. We use the data set to study the temporal evolution of Wikipedia references as well as users’ editing behavior. We find evidence of a mostly productive and continuous effort to improve the quality of references: There is a persistent increase of reference and document identifiers (DOI, PubMedID, PMC, ISBN, ISSN, ArXiv ID) and most of the reference curation work is done by registered humans (not bots or anonymous editors). We conclude that the evolution of Wikipedia references, including the dynamics of the community processes that tend to them, should be leveraged in the design of relevance indexes for altmetrics, and our data set can be pivotal for such an effort.

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Muren, C., and H. Wilbrand. "The Semicircular Canals of the Inner Ear and the Pneumatization of the Temporal Bone." Acta Radiologica. Diagnosis 27, no. 3 (May 1986): 325–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028418518602700313.

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In an investigation of 94 plastic casts of temporal bone specimens a wide range of variations both in the general outline of the pyramid and in the anatomy of its specific structures was found. Attempts were made to estimate the transverse and vertical dimensions of the petrous bone. Both the mastoid and the perilabyrinthine pneumatization correlated to the dimensions of some structures, but not to the size and shape of the semicircular canals. References

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Boucher, Jill. "Time and the implicit-explicit continuum." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 22, no. 5 (October 1999): 758–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x99262188.

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Dienes & Perner's target article contains numerous but unsystematic references to the implicit or explicit knowledge of the temporal context of a known state of affairs such as may constitute the content of a propositional attitude. In this commentary, the forms of cognition that, according to D&P, require only implicit knowledge of time are contrasted with those for which explicit temporal knowledge is needed. It is suggested that the explicit representation of time may have been important in human evolution and that certain developmental disorders including autism may be (partly) caused by defective ability to represent time.

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LAU, FRANCIS C. M., and CHI K. TSE. "OPTIMUM CORRELATOR-TYPE RECEIVER DESIGN FOR CSK COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 12, no. 05 (May 2002): 1029–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127402004863.

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In a chaos-shift-keying (CSK) digital communication system, correlators followed by a comparator are typically used for coherent detection of the signal. Such a detection method, however, does not take the temporal variation of the bit energy into consideration. In this paper, an optimum detection for a binary CSK system is derived, taking into account the temporal variation of the bit energy for minimizing the error rates. Simulations are carried out to compare the performance between the optimum receiver and a typical receiver. The results provide theoretical performance benchmarks of coherent CSK systems for future references.

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Cohen, Elizabeth F. "Reconsidering US Immigration Reform: The Temporal Principle of Citizenship." Perspectives on Politics 9, no. 3 (September 2011): 575–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537592711002787.

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The uncertain political status of America's millions of undocumented immigrants and their children has exposed deep and ongoing disagreement about how US citizenship should be accorded to foreign-born persons. I identify the principle ofjus temporis,a law of measured calendrical time, that has worked in concert withjus soliand consent to construct citizenship law since the nation's founding.Jus temporistranslates measured durations of time such as “time in residence” or “time worked” into entitlement to rights and status. It creates temporal algorithms in which measured calendrical time plus additional variables (e.g., physical presence, education, or behavior) equals consent to citizenship. I explore recent scholarly references to temporal principles and trace the history of howjus temporiswas invoked by the nation's first Supreme Court jurisprudence on citizenship and the first Congressional debates about immigration and naturalization. Scholarly convergence on the principle ofjus temporisas well as its originalist pedigree imbue this principle with the potential to resolve contemporary disagreements about the rights and status of foreign-born persons in the US.

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Proskurina, Anna. "The Temporal References of the Anglo-Saxon Culture (based on the Anglo-Saxon chronicles)." Ideas and Ideals 2, no. 4 (December 17, 2018): 219–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17212/2075-0862-2018-4.2-219-231.

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Ghirlando, Rodolfo, Andrea Balbo, Grzegorz Piszczek, Patrick H. Brown, Marc S. Lewis, Chad A. Brautigam, Peter Schuck, and Huaying Zhao. "Improving the thermal, radial, and temporal accuracy of the analytical ultracentrifuge through external references." Analytical Biochemistry 440, no. 1 (September 2013): 81–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ab.2013.05.011.

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Kolliakou, A., M. Ball, L. Derczynski, D. Chandran, G. Gkotsis, P. Deluca, R. Jackson, H. Shetty, and R. Stewart. "Novel psychoactive substances: An investigation of temporal trends in social media and electronic health records." European Psychiatry 38 (October 2016): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.05.006.

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AbstractBackgroundPublic health monitoring is commonly undertaken in social media but has never been combined with data analysis from electronic health records. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the emergence of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) in social media and their appearance in a large mental health database.MethodsInsufficient numbers of mentions of other NPS in case records meant that the study focused on mephedrone. Data were extracted on the number of mephedrone (i) references in the clinical record at the South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, London, UK, (ii) mentions in Twitter, (iii) related searches in Google and (iv) visits in Wikipedia. The characteristics of current mephedrone users in the clinical record were also established.ResultsIncreased activity related to mephedrone searches in Google and visits in Wikipedia preceded a peak in mephedrone-related references in the clinical record followed by a spike in the other 3 data sources in early 2010, when mephedrone was assigned a ‘class B’ status. Features of current mephedrone users widely matched those from community studies.ConclusionsCombined analysis of information from social media and data from mental health records may assist public health and clinical surveillance for certain substance-related events of interest. There exists potential for early warning systems for health-care practitioners.

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Lin, Hai. "Mission Accomplished: An Introduction to Formal Methods in Mobile Robot Motion Planning and Control." Unmanned Systems 02, no. 02 (April 2014): 201–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2301385014300029.

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A new trend in the robotic motion planning literature is to use formal methods, like model checking, reactive synthesis and supervisory control theory, to automatically design controllers that drive a mobile robot to accomplish some high level missions in a guaranteed manner. This is also known as the correct-by-construction method. The high level missions are usually specified as temporal logics, particularly as linear temporal logic formulas, due to their similarity to human natural languages. This paper provides a brief overview of the recent developments in this newly emerged research area. A number of fundamental topics, such as temporal logic, model checking, bisimulation quotient transition systems and reachability controller design are reviewed. Additionally, the key challenges and possible future directions in this area are briefly discussed with references given for further reading.

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Yoo, Isaiah WonHo. "Definite article usage before Last/Next Time in spoken and written American English." International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 12, no. 1 (March 16, 2007): 83–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.12.1.06yoo.

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Unlike any other noun in English, time can combine with either Ø last/next or the last/next and maintain the same reference, e.g. (The) last time I saw her, she was still in grad school. Nontemporal nouns cannot combine with Ø last/next, while the references of temporal nouns change with the use of the before last/next, e.g. In 2001, he said he’d come back Ø next year (= in 2008) vs. In 2001, he said he’d come back the next year (= in 2002). Based on the analyses of tokens retrieved from both spoken and written corpora, this paper describes when and how often the combines with last/next time in American English. Defining temporal nouns as nouns that refer to specific periods or points of time, this paper also argues that, contrary to what other scholars have suggested (e.g. Larson 1985), time is not a temporal but quasi-temporal noun.

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Chai, J. Y., Z. Prasov, and S. Qu. "Cognitive Principles in Robust Multimodal Interpretation." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 27 (September 26, 2006): 55–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.1936.

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Multimodal conversational interfaces provide a natural means for users to communicate with computer systems through multiple modalities such as speech and gesture. To build effective multimodal interfaces, automated interpretation of user multimodal inputs is important. Inspired by the previous investigation on cognitive status in multimodal human machine interaction, we have developed a greedy algorithm for interpreting user referring expressions (i.e., multimodal reference resolution). This algorithm incorporates the cognitive principles of Conversational Implicature and Givenness Hierarchy and applies constraints from various sources (e.g., temporal, semantic, and contextual) to resolve references. Our empirical results have shown the advantage of this algorithm in efficiently resolving a variety of user references. Because of its simplicity and generality, this approach has the potential to improve the robustness of multimodal input interpretation.

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Delaporte, Marie-Laure. "Samuel Beckett/Bruce Nauman: Un nouveau lieu de création spatio-temporel." Samuel Beckett Today / Aujourd'hui 23, no. 1 (August 1, 2012): 81–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757405-023001007.

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From his first films, recorded performances in studio, Bruce Nauman shows the influences of Samuel Beckett's works: daily activities repeated, fragmented bodies and human condition questioned. References to novels and plays act in harmony with films and television works in which the body finds its full expression. These 'choreographic' piece take a new dimension, spatial and temporal, through the camera, showing the mutual influence of both artists to the very recent art installations of Nauman.

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Brenner, Claire, Claude Meisch, Benjamin Apperl, and Karsten Schulz. "Towards periodic and time-referenced flood risk assessment using airborne remote sensing." Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics 64, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 438–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/johh-2016-0034.

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Abstract Flood risk management is founded on the regular assessment of damage potential. A significant parameter for assessing damage potential is the number of at-risk objects. However, data sets on exposure are often incomplete and/or lack time-references. Airborne remote sensing data, such as orthophotos, offers a regularly-updated, time-referenced depiction of land use. As such, remote sensing data compensates for incomplete data sources (such as digital cadastral maps). Orthophotos can even be used to analyze the temporal dynamics of flood damage potential, providing that time-referenced information is available for multiple time points. This paper describes a method for integrating orthophotos into flood risk analyses. In Austria, orthophotos are updated every three years, allowing their integration into cyclical flood risk assessments. The results of a case study presented in this paper demonstrate that orthophotos are most useful where other data sources, such as digital cadastral maps, are incomplete. In such situations, orthophotos lead to a significant increase in estimated damage potential. Orthophoto analysis allows damage potentials to be re-assessed at regular intervals, another major advantage over digital cadastral maps. Orthophoto analysis thus supports the evaluation of flood risk management options.

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Chen, Lihan, Qingcui Wang, and Ming Bao. "Spatial References and Audio-Tactile Interaction in Cross-Modal Dynamic Capture." Multisensory Research 27, no. 1 (2014): 55–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134808-00002441.

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In audiotactile dynamic capture, judgment of the direction of an apparent motion stream (such as auditory motion) was impeded (hence ‘captured’) by the presentation of a concurrent, but directionally opposite apparent motion stream (such as tactile motion) from a distractor modality, leading to a cross-modal dynamic capture (CDC) effect. That is to say, the percentage of correct reporting of the direction of the target motion was reduced. Previous studies have revealed the effect of stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs) and the potential spatial remapping (by adopting a cross-hands posture) in CDC. However, further exploration of the dynamic capture process under different postures was not available due to the fact that only two levels of time asynchronies were employed (either synchronous or with an SOA of 500 ms). This study introduced a broad range of SOAs (−400 ms to 400 ms, tactile stream preceded auditory stream or vice versa) to explore the time course of audio-tactile interaction in CDC with two spatial references — arms-uncrossed or arms-crossed postures. Participants judged the direction of auditory apparent motion with tactile distractors. The results showed that in the arms-uncrossed condition, the CDC effect was prominent when the auditory–tactile events were in the temporal integration window (0–60 ms). However, with a preceding tactile cueing effect of SOA equal to and above 150 ms, the CDC effect was reduced, and no CDC effect was observed with the arms-crossed posture. These results suggest CDC effect is modulated by both cross-modal interaction and the spatial reference (especially for the distractors). The magnitude of the CDC effects in audiotactile interaction may be accounted for by reliability of tactile spatial-temporal information.

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Araújo, Alberto Filipe, Rogério de Almeida, and Mariana Tambara. "Identité narrative et imaginaire social." Caietele Echinox 40 (June 28, 2021): 34–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/cechinox.2021.40.03.

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"The aim of this work is to study the relationship between narrative identity and social imagery, following the theoretical and methodological references of Paul Ricoeur’s hermeneutics and the anthropology of the imaginary outlined by Gilbert Durand. Identities are created, signified and updated in a temporal and imaginative dimension, which is expressed in conceptual pairs such as idem and ipse or even the conflicting double and amor fati, developing socially between ideology and utopia."

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Burling, William. "Reading Time: The Ideology of Time Travel in Science Fiction." KronoScope 6, no. 1 (2006): 5–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852406777505255.

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AbstractThis essay argues for the existence and ideological significance of two principal variants of time travel form in science fiction (SF): the temporal dislocation form and the temporal contrast form. The principle examples for discussion are, respectively, Stephen Baxter's manifold: time (2000) and Marge Piercy's Woman on the Edge of Time (1976), though the case is bolstered by additional references to other SF works. Drawing on the work of theorists such as Adorno, Benjamin, Žižek, and Jameson, the argument then considers more broadly the connection between ideology and ontology implicit in these time travel forms. The essay concludes with a critique of the assumptions by which time travel SF stories are created, studied, taught, and read by SF writers and academics, as well as general readers.

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Praxmarer-Carus, Sandra, and Marina I. Wieluch. "Now or never? Temporal framing in risk messages and the moderating effect of comparative optimism." Zeitschrift für die gesamte Versicherungswissenschaft 110, no. 4-5 (December 2021): 255–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12297-021-00512-1.

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AbstractRisk messages inform consumers about relevant risks and typically recommend preventive behaviors such as being more physically active or taking out occupational disability insurance. Often, the appeals include some form of time reference, such as “find out about disability insurance this month” or “find out about disability insurance this year”. In general, the effects of such proximal compared to distal time references on compliance intention may be positive or negative, and we examine how the effects depend on consumers’ comparative optimism. In two studies in the context of occupational disability insurance, proximal temporal framing proved more effective than distal framing among comparative optimists but not among nonoptimists. We recommend that when targeting comparative optimists, risk message designers should use proximal temporal framing in their recommendations.

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Herman, Vimala. "Discourse and time in Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet." Language and Literature: International Journal of Stylistics 8, no. 2 (June 1999): 143–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096394709900800203.

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This article explores different verbal resources for the representation of time in drama. Drama as a genre is subjected to different pressures of time, given that the fictional time spans in the dramatic world must be realized within the real time allocated to a performance, a context which a dramatic text necessarily addresses. The temporal scope of plays can be highly expanded or contracted, but whatever option is used in a play, it is the result of the strategic exploitation of different resources. Theatre provides non-verbal means, like lighting and décor, but verbal resources are more dynamic. The verbal dialogue enacts speech events, and speech events are tied to spatio-temporal contexts, which can be transformed via speech use. The article examines various verbal resources like deixis, tense and aspect, lexical choices in clock and calendrical references, and pragmatics in order to explore their productive functions in constructing the complex and dynamic temporal world of one play, Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet.

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Concu, Valentina. "Temporal Deixis in Old Saxon and Old High German." Beiträge zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache und Literatur 141, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 157–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bgsl-2019-0012.

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Abstract Jetzt ›now‹ and bald ›soon‹ are frequently used in German to express temporal references with present and future readings, respectively. However, it is not unusual to find them combined with the Perfekt and Präteritum, which are commonly described in the literature as past tenses. Although such use of temporal deixis in Modern German is well studied, there is still little research on this topic from a historical perspective. In this paper, I attempt to fill this gap in the literature by exploring the use of the adverb nu ›now‹, ›then‹ in Old Saxon and Old High German. Textual analyses of these works reveal that the ›Hêliand‹ and the ›Evangelienbuch‹ exhibit a use of the adverb nu similar to the use of jetzt and bald in Modern German, since it was found in combination not only with the Präsens, but also with the Präteritum, and with what can be recognized as the prototype of the modern Perfekt. The analyses also show that, although nu was often used as a pragmatic marker to highlight particular passages or convey the author’s attitude in relation to a specific event, it also retained its temporal meaning, especially when combined with the past tenses, establishing the chronological sequence of the narration.

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Bernasconi, Robert. "Frantz Fanon’s Engagement with Phenomenology: Unlocking the Temporal Architecture of Black Skin, White Masks." Research in Phenomenology 50, no. 3 (October 14, 2020): 386–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691640-12341458.

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Abstract Attention to the role of phenomenology in Frantz Fanon’s Black Skin, White Masks is fundamental to an appreciation of the book’s progressive structure. And it is through an appreciation of this structure that it becomes apparent that the book’s engagement with phenomenology amounts to an enrichment, not a critique, of existential phenomenology, although the latter might appear to be the case at first sight, given Fanon’s rejection of certain aspects of Jean-Paul Sartre’s “Black Orpheus.” This is demonstrated through an examination of Fanon’s references to Sartre, Günther Anders, and Maurice Merleau-Ponty in the book’s final crucial pages on temporality. His largely neglected relation to Karl Jaspers and the concept of historicity is also explored.

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Elkommos, Samia, Bernd Weber, Pitt Niehusmann, Elisa Volmering, Mark Richardson, Anthony Marson, Christian Elger, and Simon Keller. "HIPPOCAMPAL INTERNAL ARCHITECTURE AND POSTOPERATIVE OUTCOME IN TEMPORAL LOBE EPILEPSY." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 86, no. 11 (October 14, 2015): e4.147-e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2015-312379.56.

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IntroductionIt is unknown why over one-third of patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) and hippocampal sclerosis (HS) continue to experience seizures despite temporal lobe surgery. We investigated the relationship between hippocampal internal architecture (HIA) on preoperative MRI, and postoperative seizure outcome in patients with refractory mTLE and HS.MethodsHIA was assessed on preoperative T2-STIR MR images using a published scoring system1 for 79 patients undergoing evaluation at University Hospital Bonn, Germany. Patients underwent amygdalohippocampectomy and received postoperative outcome assessment using the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) classification. Hippocampal volumes were obtained using 3D T1-weighted images. Quantitative histopathological assessment was performed on resected hippocampal specimens.ResultsNo significant differences in ipsilateral or contralateral HIA ratings, or HIA score asymmetry, were found between patients rendered seizure free (ILAE I) compared to those continuing to experience postoperative seizures (ILAE II-VI). HIA significantly correlated with neuronal density in CA3 and CA4 in the pathologic hippocampus, and hippocampal volumes bilaterally. There was no significant correlation between HIA and clinical variables.ConclusionAlthough valuable in determining seizure laterality, HIA does not predict postoperative outcome.AcknowledgementsThis work was supported by a UK MRC grant awarded to SSK (Grant Number: MR/K023152/1). References:1Ver Hoef 2013

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Dede, Adam J. O., Jennifer C. Frascino, John T. Wixted, and Larry R. Squire. "Learning and remembering real-world events after medial temporal lobe damage." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 47 (November 7, 2016): 13480–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1617025113.

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The hippocampus is important for autobiographical memory, but its role is unclear. In the study, patients with hippocampal damage and controls were taken on a 25-min walk on the University of California, San Diego, campus during which 11 planned events occurred. Memory was tested directly after the walk. In addition, a second group of controls took the same walk and were tested after 1 mo. Patients with hippocampal damage remembered fewer details than controls tested directly after the walk but remembered a similar number of details as controls tested after 1 mo. Notably, the details that were reported by patients had the characteristics of episodic recollection and included references to particular places and events. Patients exhibited no special difficulty remembering spatial details in comparison with nonspatial details. Last, whereas both control groups tended to recall the events of the walk in chronological order, the order in which patients recalled the events was unrelated to the order in which they occurred. The findings illuminate the role of the hippocampus in autobiographical memory and in the spatial and nonspatial aspects of episodic recollection.

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Kwak, H. H., S. J. Ko, H. S. Jung, H. D. Park, I. H. Chung, and H. J. Kim. "Topographic anatomy of the deep temporal nerves, with references to the superior head of lateral pterygoid." Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy 25, no. 5-6 (December 1, 2003): 393–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00276-003-0171-5.

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Sánchez, Jose Juan González, Jordina Rincon-Torroella, Alberto Prats-Galino, Matteo de Notaris, Joan Berenguer, Enrique Ferrer Rodríguez, and Arnau Benet. "New endoscopic route to the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle: surgical simulation and morphometric assessment." Journal of Neurosurgery 121, no. 3 (September 2014): 751–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2014.5.jns132309.

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Object The temporal horn of the lateral ventricle is a complex structure affected by specific pathological conditions. Current approaches to the temporal horn involve a certain amount of corticotomy and white matter disruption. Surgeons therefore set aside anterior temporal lobectomy as a last resource and avoid it in the dominant hemisphere. The authors propose a minimally invasive endoscopic intraventricular approach to the temporal horn and describe a standardized analysis and technical assessment of the feasibility of this approach. Methods To determine the best trajectory, angulation, and entry point to the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle, the authors evaluated 50 cranial MRI studies (100 temporal lobes) from healthy patients. They studied and systematized the neurosurgical endoscopic anatomy. They also simulated the proposed approach in 9 cadaveric specimens (18 approaches). Results Mean scalp entry point coordinates (± SD) were 2.7 ± 0.28 cm lateral to the inion and 5.6 ± 0.41 cm superior to the inion. The mean total distance from the uncal recess to the scalp (± SD) was 10.64 ± 0.6 cm. The mean total intraparenchymal distance crossed by the endoscope was 3.76 ± 0.36 cm. The approach was successfully completed in all studied specimens. Conclusions In this study, the endoscopic intraventricular approach to the temporal horn is standardized. The morphometric analysis makes this approach anatomically feasible and replicable. This approach provides minimally invasive endoscopic access to the uncal recess, amygdala, hippocampus, fornix, and paraventricular temporal lobe structures. The following essential strategies enabled access to and maneuverability inside the temporal horn: tailored preoperative planning of the trajectory and use of anatomical and radiological references, constant irrigation, and an angled endoscopic lens. Safety assessment and novel instruments and techniques may be proposed to advance this very promising route to pathological changes in the temporal lobe.

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Persinger, Michael A. "Geophysical Variables and Behavior: LV. Predicting the Details of Visitor Experiences and the Personality of Experients: The Temporal Lobe Factor." Perceptual and Motor Skills 68, no. 1 (February 1989): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1989.68.1.55.

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The visitor experience, a more intense form of the normal sense of presence, emphasizes the deep belief of personal contact with an extraterrestrial (or religious) entity. Phenomenological details of visitor experiences are expected to reflect the functions of deep temporal lobe structures; common details involve cosmic meaningfulness, vestibular experiences, flickering, complex visual sensations and alimentary references. After intense experiences, interictal-like behaviors similar to religious conversions (widening affect, sense of personal, desire to spread the word, concern about Man's destiny) emerge. Normal people who are prone to these experiences show frequent temporal lobe signs and specific personality characteristics that include enhanced creativity, suggestibility, mild hypomania, anxiety, and emotional lability. Learning histories that encourage the use of right temporal lobe functions for the consolidation of memory, such as compartmentalization of beliefs or repression due to early sexual abuse, predispose to intense visitor experiences. The most frequent precipitants are psychological depression, personal (existential) stress and proximal exposure to the focal tectonic strain fields that accompany luminous phenomena. Possible neuropsychological mechanisms are discussed.

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Kesebir, Selin, and Pelin Kesebir. "A Growing Disconnection From Nature Is Evident in Cultural Products." Perspectives on Psychological Science 12, no. 2 (March 2017): 258–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1745691616662473.

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Human connection with nature is widely believed to be in decline even though empirical evidence is scarce on the magnitude and historical pattern of the change. Studying works of popular culture in English throughout the 20th century and later, we have documented a cultural shift away from nature that begins in the 1950s. Since then, references to nature have been decreasing steadily in fiction books, song lyrics, and film storylines, whereas references to the human-made environment have not. The observed temporal pattern is consistent with the explanatory role of increased virtual and indoors recreation options (e.g., television, video games) in the disconnect from nature, and it is inconsistent with a pure urbanization account. These findings are cause for concern, not only because they imply foregone physical and psychological benefits from engagement with nature, but also because cultural products are agents of socialization that can evoke curiosity, respect, and concern for the natural world.

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Gómez-Pérez, Francisco Javier, and José Patricio Pérez-Rufí. "Análisis de la realización de espectáculos televisivos en directo: Italia en Eurovisión 2021." INDEX COMUNICACION 12, no. 01 (January 15, 2022): 235–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.33732/ixc/12/01analis.

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This paper aims to study the production of live television at the Eurovision Song Contest, a contest characterized by the use of avant-garde and experimental technologies and staging. The filming and production of the winning performance in 2021, «Zitti e buoni», by the Italian group Måneskin, is selected as a case study, as it breaks with previous trends. The main objectives of this research are to analyze the selected performance from a discursive and formal perspective and to identify the visual references on which the production is based. We apply a formal audiovisual analysis while considering intertextual practices and the intention to appropriate pop culture references. The formal audiovisual analysis highlights the respect for a functional and classic audiovisual grammar that tries to make itself invisible to highlight the members of the band with their charisma. Faced with previous practices trying to break spatial and temporal continuity, the performance claims a classical audiovisual grammar and an apparently simple staging based on nostalgia.

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Yang, Yanfang, Limin Jia, Yong Qin, Shixiu Han, and Honghui Dong. "Understanding structure of urban traffic network based on spatial-temporal correlation analysis." Modern Physics Letters B 31, no. 22 (August 10, 2017): 1750230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021798491750230x.

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Understanding the structural characteristics of urban traffic network comprehensively can provide references for improving road utilization rate and alleviating traffic congestion. This paper focuses on the spatial-temporal correlations between different pairs of traffic series and proposes a complex network-based method of constructing the urban traffic network. In the network, the nodes represent road segments, and an edge between a pair of nodes is added depending on the result of significance test for the corresponding spatial-temporal correlation. Further, a modified PageRank algorithm, named the geographical weight-based PageRank algorithm (GWPA), is proposed to analyze the spatial distribution of important segments in the road network. Finally, experiments are conducted by using three kinds of traffic series collected from the urban road network in Beijing. Experimental results show that the urban traffic networks constructed by three traffic variables all indicate both small-world and scale-free characteristics. Compared with the results of PageRank algorithm, GWPA is proved to be valid in evaluating the importance of segments and identifying the important segments with small degree.

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de Assis, M. A. A., M. F. Rolland-Cachera, F. A. G. de Vasconcelos, F. Bellisle, W. Conde, M. C. M. Calvo, M. E. P. Luna, M. J. Ireton, and S. Grosseman. "Central adiposity in Brazilian schoolchildren aged 7–10 years." British Journal of Nutrition 97, no. 4 (March 9, 2007): 799–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114507657936.

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Waist circumference (WC) is a measure of central adiposity related to elevated risk factor levels in children and adolescents. The aim of the present study was to describe WC percentiles in 7- to 10-year-old Brazilian children and to compare frequencies of obesity and overweight as defined by BMI and frequencies of excess and at risk of abdominal adiposity as defined by WC to the corresponding age and sex data from British references. A representative sample of 2919 schoolchildren of the city of Florianopolis (southern Brazil) was examined. Smoothed WC percentiles were derived using the least mean square method. Frequencies of overweight and obesity and of excess and at risk of abdominal adiposity were assessed using the 91st and 98th centiles of the British references as cut-off points. WC increased with age in both boys and girls, with higher values for boys at every age and percentile level. Nutritional status categories of children assessed by the 91st and 98th British BMI and WC centiles showed moderate agreement (weighted κ = 0·58). Overweight was more frequent in Brazilian than British children: 15·1 % of girls and 20·1 % of boys were above the 91st percentile of the 1990 BMI for age British references. About one-quarter (22·0 % of girls and 26·9 % of boys) exceeded the 91st percentile of WC British references. The present data could be used to compare WC in children in other populations and may serve as a baseline for future studies of temporal trends in WC in Brazil.

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Yefymenko, Victoria. "COMICS AS A TRANSMEDIAL PHENOMENON: FROM A PRINTED TO A DIGITAL MEDIUM." Folia linguistica et litteraria XII, no. 35 (2021): 159–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31902/fll.35.2021.8.

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Comics have recently attracted the increased attention of theorists as a very dynamic and fast-growing genre. A characteristic feature of contemporary comics is their transmediality, i.e., exceeding the boundaries of the printed page and transforming to digital narratives. Transition to a digital medium gives a number of advantages, including the possibility of using different display modes, deeper immersion in the fictional world, greater degree of interactivity. This paper examines comics, which are adaptations of the classic fairy tale Little Red Riding Hood, identifies intertextual references and modifications of the comics versions. Intertextual references can be traced at the level of comics titles, names of the characters and their characteristics, semi-quotes, which paraphrase the original texts, besides, comics have a different temporal and spatial setting, they extend the scope of the storyworld. Particular attention has been paid to the page layout, such comics-specific features as panels, frames, speech balloons, speed lines, emanata, and onomatopoeic words. Print and digital comics are analysed using narratological and multimodal approaches. The analysis includes such narratological issues as narratorial and nonnarratorial strategies of representation, the temporal and spatial structure of a narrative, internal and external focalisation, as well as focalisation-marking devices (the eyeline match, the over-the-shoulder shot, the high-angle shot). A comic is a multimodal narrative, combining several modes, mainly visual and verbal. The aural mode is represented in comics by linguistic and visual signs, e.g., jagged borders of a speech balloon or the size and boldness of letters. Special attention has been given to the interaction between visual and verbal modes, in particular to the text-image relations. Our analysis has identified such types of the text-image relations as specification, exemplification, and enhancement. Comics have recently attracted the increased attention of theorists as a very dynamic and fast-growing genre. A characteristic feature of contemporary comics is their transmediality, i.e. exceeding the boundaries of the printed page and transforming to digital narratives. Transition to a digital medium gives a number of advantages, including the possibility of using different display modes, deeper immersion in the fictional world, greater degree of interactivity. This paper examines comics, which are adaptations of the classic fairy tale Little Red Riding Hood, identifies intertextual references and modifications of the comics versions. Intertextual references can be traced at the level of comics titles, names of the characters and their characteristics, semi-quotes, which paraphrase the original texts, besides, comics have a different temporal and spatial setting, they extend the scope of the storyworld. Particular attention has been paid to the page layout, such comics-specific features as panels, frames, speech balloons, speed lines, emanata, and onomatopoeic words. Print and digital comics are analysed using narratological and multimodal approaches. The analysis includes such narratological issues as narratorial and nonnarratorial strategies of representation, the temporal and spatial structure of a narrative, internal and external focalisation, as well as focalisation-marking devices (the eyeline match, the over-the-shoulder shot, the high-angle shot). A comic is a multimodal narrative, combining several modes, mainly visual and verbal. The aural mode is represented in comics by linguistic and visual signs, e.g., jagged borders of a speech balloon or the size and boldness of letters. Special attention has been given to the interaction between visual and verbal modes, in particular to the text-image relations. Our analysis has identified such types of the text-image relations as specification, exemplification, and enhancement.

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MORA, JUAN CARLOS SECK TUOH, MANUEL GONZÁLEZ HERNÁNDEZ, GENARO JUÁREZ MARTÍNEZ, SERGIO V. CHAPA VERGARA, and HAROLD V. McINTOSH. "UNCONVENTIONAL INVERTIBLE BEHAVIORS IN REVERSIBLE ONE-DIMENSIONAL CELLULAR AUTOMATA." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 18, no. 12 (December 2008): 3625–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127408022597.

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Reversible cellular automata are discrete invertible dynamical systems determined by local interactions among their components. For the one-dimensional case, there are classical references providing a complete characterization based on combinatorial properties. Using these results and the simulation of every automaton by another with neighborhood size 2, this paper describes other types of invertible behaviors embedded in these systems different from the classical one observed in the temporal evolution. In particular, spatial reversibility and diagonal surjectivity are studied, and the generation of macrocells in the evolution space is analyzed.

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Black, Stephanie. "Fibs and fripperies: References to the real in digital illustration." Journal of Illustration 6, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 289–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jill_00015_1.

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Abstract This article considers the phenomenon of illustrators digitally mimicking traces of the handmade as ornament. It will explore whether these decorative tendencies are Adolf Loos' backward or degenerative tendency, or a generous contribution to our visual environment. It will ask why illustrators falsify the smudges, spills, textures and shadows of paper-based work within the digital workspace, what is gained and lost by doing so, and for whom? These questions will be explored in relation to interviews with two contemporary editorial illustrators and their work, to unpick the professional benefits of the phenomenon, coupled with a foray into theoretical perspectives on ornament. In this regard, the article will consider the benefit of treating ornament as labour, and also whether illustration is suffering from Herbert Read's horror vacui, in order to understand what happens when these terrifying empty spaces within images are filled with introduced artefacts. The discussion will also take skeuomorphism into account to explore the phenomenon, which then raises questions concerning illustration's 'usability'. The article draws upon wildly different perspectives and practices from other fields as it seeks to consider the pleasures and pitfalls of a richly-ornamented composition, and ultimately argues that making 'noise' can be seen as a generous, temporal and critical act.

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Sun, Tao, Ranhao Sun, and Liding Chen. "The Trend Inconsistency between Land Surface Temperature and Near Surface Air Temperature in Assessing Urban Heat Island Effects." Remote Sensing 12, no. 8 (April 17, 2020): 1271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12081271.

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The credible urban heat island (UHI) trend is crucial for assessing the effects of urbanization on climate. Land surface temperature (LST) and near surface air temperature (SAT) have been extensively used to obtain UHI intensities. However, the consistency of UHI trend between LST and SAT has rarely been discussed. This paper quantified the temporal stability and trend consistency between Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) LST and in situ SAT. Linear regressions, temporal trends and coefficients of variations (CV) were analyzed based on the yearly mean, maximum and minimum temperatures. The findings in this study were: (1) Good statistical consistency (R2 = 0.794) and the same trends were found only in mean temperature between LST-UHI and SAT-UHI. There are 54% of cities that showed opposite temporal trends between LST-UHI and SAT-UHI for minimum temperature while the percentage was 38% for maximum temperature. (2) The high discrepancies in temporal trends were observed for all cities, which indicated the inadequacy of LST for obtaining reliable UHI trends especially when using the maximum and minimum temperatures. (3) The larger uncertainties of LST-UHI were probably due to high inter-annual fluctuations of LST. The topography was the predominant factor that affected the UHI variations for both LST and SAT. Therefore, we suggested that SAT should be combined with LST to ensure the dependable temporal series of UHI. This paper provided references for understanding the UHI effects on various surfaces.

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Orbach, Yael, and Michael E. Lamb. "Young Children?s References to Temporal Attributes of Allegedly Experienced Events in the Course of Forensic Interviews." Child Development 78, no. 4 (July 2007): 1100–1120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2007.01055.x.

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Lim, Chungsoo, Seong-Ro Lee, and Joon-Hyuk Chang. "Efficient implementation of an SVM-based speech/music classifier by enhancing temporal locality in support vector references." IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 58, no. 3 (August 2012): 898–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tce.2012.6311334.

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Aksoy, Mustafa, and Paul E. Racette. "A Preliminary Study of Three-Point Onboard External Calibration for Tracking Radiometric Stability and Accuracy." Remote Sensing 11, no. 23 (November 26, 2019): 2790. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11232790.

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Absolute calibration of radiometers is usually implemented onboard using one hot and one cold external calibration targets. However, two-point calibration methods are unable to differentiate calibration drifts and associated errors from fluctuations in receiver gain and offset. Furthermore, they are inadequate to characterize temporal calibration stability of radiometers. In this paper, a preliminary study with linear radiometer systems has been presented to show that onboard external three-point calibration offers the means to quantify calibration drifts in the radiometer systems, and characterize associated errors as well as temporal stability in Earth and space measurements. Radiometers with three external calibration reference targets operating two data processing paths: i.e., (1) measurement path and (2) calibration validation path have been introduced. In the calibration validation data processing path, measurements of one known calibration target is calibrated using the other two calibration references, and temporal calibration stability and possible calibration temperature drifts are analyzed. In the measurement data processing path, the impact of the calibration drifts on Earth and space measurements is quantified and bounded by an upper limit. This two-path analysis is performed through calibration error analysis (CEA) diagrams introduced in this paper.

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Krynski, Jan. "Gravity field modelling and gravimetry." Geodesy and Cartography 64, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 177–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geocart-2015-0012.

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Abstract The summary of research activities concerning gravity field modelling and gravimetric works performed in Poland in the period of 2011-2014 is presented. It contains the results of research on geoid modelling in Poland and other countries, evaluation of global geopotential models, determination of temporal variations of the gravity field with the use of data from satellite gravity space missions, absolute gravity surveys for the maintenance and modernization of the gravity control in Poland and overseas, metrological aspects in gravimetry, maintenance of gravimetric calibration baselines, and investigations of the nontidal gravity changes. The bibliography of the related works is given in references.

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Dröse, Astrid. "Zeit im Lied." Daphnis 49, no. 4 (October 12, 2021): 588–614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18796583-12340032.

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Abstract This article focuses on Opitz’s well-known song “Ach Liebste/ laß vns eilen” and its intercultural contexts. While so far mainly ancient texts (Horace/ carpe-diem motif) as well as sonnets and odes of Ronsard have been analyzed as models and intertextual references, the author here examines the Air de Cour “Ma belle je vous prie” by the French composer Gabriel Bataille as a model. The analysis shows that Opitz, although clearly oriented on the French Air, makes decisive translational changes: Opitz translates the courtly semantics of time of the Air into a typically Protestant-bourgeois vocabulary reflecting temporal acceleration and economization.

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Jiang, Yifeng, Benoit Geslot, Vincent Lamirand, and Pierre Leconte. "Review of kinetic modulation experiments in low power nuclear reactors." EPJ Nuclear Sciences & Technologies 6 (2020): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjn/2020017.

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The safety improvement of nuclear reactors requires continuous efforts in understanding the fundamental physical quantities related to the fission process. In neutronic models, the reactor dynamics is covered by the kinetic parameters to characterize the temporal behavior of the neutron population subject to perturbations. The reactor transfer function is a frequency domain analogy of this temporal description. It can be measured experimentally through transfer function analysis via noise analysis or kinetic modulation, for the study of reactor stability and kinetic parameters. This paper summarizes the experimental measurements of reactor transfer function through kinetic modulation. Extensive work have been conducted experimentally, starting from the beginning of reactor physics research. An overview is given regarding various experimental designs and conducted analyses. The concepts of the modulation system are also discussed. The current work is limited to online contents and internal archives of CEA Cadarache due to difficulties in accessing references traced back to 1950s.

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Committeri, Giorgia, Gaspare Galati, Anne-Lise Paradis, Luigi Pizzamiglio, Alain Berthoz, and Denis LeBihan. "Reference Frames for Spatial Cognition: Different Brain Areas are Involved in Viewer-, Object-, and Landmark-Centered Judgments About Object Location." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 16, no. 9 (November 2004): 1517–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/0898929042568550.

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Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to compare the neural correlates of three different types of spatial coding, which are implicated in crucial cognitive functions of our everyday life, such as visuomotor coordination and orientation in topographical space. By manipulating the requested spatial reference during a task of relative distance estimation, we directly compared viewer-centered, object-centered, and landmark-centered spatial coding of the same realistic 3-D information. Common activation was found in bilateral parietal, occipital, and right frontal premotor regions. The retrosplenial and ventromedial occipital–temporal cortex (and parts of the parietal and occipital cortex) were significantly more activated during the landmark-centered condition. The ventrolateral occipital–temporal cortex was particularly involved in object-centered coding. Results strongly demonstrate that viewer-centered (egocentric) coding is restricted to the dorsal stream and connected frontal regions, whereas a coding centered on external references requires both dorsal and ventral regions, depending on the reference being a movable object or a landmark.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Temporal references'

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